كيف تبني منظمة غير حكومية صغيرة وجيدة

Page 1

Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E !+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / How To Build A Good Small NGO

¡I 4¦2' gI ¨HbH+ +|K www.networklearning.org ¨HbH+ -5}U ¾ ¡I ¢4)g, ¥} JL ¤l 0}. mU²L

Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E !+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / How To Build A Good Small NGO

Â?ÂŞHbH+ -5U}Ă€ ÂŁI ¤4)g, §}…‚JL ÂŚlÂ&#x;0}. mU´ L ÂŁI 4¨2' gI Â?ÂŞHbH+ +|K www.networklearning.org kÂŞU HLbH+ ¤L(¨Â…‚œH ¢;¨H+ ÂŤ;+}–ÉbH+ bÂĽÂ?Âť+ Âľb†D* ÂŻ ‡~6*H M‘b€F ¢Â•< bGx~{FH fÂŁ:*xÂ?Ă‚]D* yJy†- –£c~6 ÂŻ –˜†- MfÂŁQ p+4 ĂŒ= Lf˜ƒ›E ÂĄG fÂŁDH]D* Â?H'ÂĄ~{•D ¤Â›:ÂĄD* ¤:*xÂ?Ă‚]D* ]ž†´* ib~z~6'¥´*H ib~64b˜´*H ™£Â?D* xJ¥€- –/&* ÂœE Ă?ÂŁF]´*H Ă?ÂŁ~6bÂŁ~zD* ,2bÂ?•D fÂŁÂ•Â˜Â†D* ,]<b~z´* ¤Â›:ÂĄD* ¤:*xÂ?Ă‚]D* ]ž†´* xQAÂĄJ $b›+ ÂŽ]ž+ Âľb†D* $bpF&* –Q C ÂŻ Ă?ÂŁ:*xÂ?Ă‚]D* ‡E ]ž†´* –Eb†gJ b˜C Ă?<¥€g´* $*Ă„Âł* ÂœE f•Eb~7 MfÂ’c~{+ Kb›£†g~zE fÂŁ:*xÂ?Ă‚]D* fEÂĄÂ’²* ÂŻ fD$b~z´*H fÂŁAbÂŒ~{D* yJy†-H Ă?›:*¥´* fC4b~{E ‡£m~{- Âś(* fAb~9(°b+ ib+bsgF°* fG*yF Â?ÂĄ~8H fÂŁF]´*H fÂŁ~6bÂŁ~zD* ib˜ƒ›´* @+ —b~|Q-°* ¢/xJ ¤Q ›:ÂĄD* ¤Q :*xÂ?Ă‚]D* ]ž†˜•D fÂŁQ EÂĄÂ’²* nE*Ă„D* —¥0 ibE¥•†´* ÂœE ]Jy´ National Democratic Institute for International Affairs 2030 M Street, 5th Floor, NW Washington, DC 20036-3306 tel: (202) 728-5500 fax: (202) 728-5520 e-mail: contactndi@ndi.org website: www.ndi.org

arabictranslation@ndi.org

kÂŞHLbH+ ¤L(¨Â…‚œH ¢;¨H+ ÂŤ;+}–ÉbH+ bÂĽÂ?Âť+ zEbÂł* Â?+b€D* ex= —b˜~7 š ˆ4b~7 f˜~8b†D* œ€›~7*H fÂŁCĂŒE&°* ,]pg´* ibJ°¥D* Â?-bG zCbA contactndi@ndi.org Ă HƒD(ÉD* ]JĂ„D* www.ndi.org Ă HƒD(ÉD* ‡B¥´*

Âś(* dQÂŁgÂ’D* *wG f˜/x- —¥0 —*'ÂĄ~6 H&* Â?£•†- QÂĽ&* —b~64(* $b/xQD*

Â?b›cD iHĂŒ+ fÂŁQ DH]D* Â?H'ÂĄ~{•D ¤Â›:ÂĄD* ¤:*xÂ?Ă‚]D* ]ž†´* x˜0&°* ¤Q E Â?ÂŁB]-H f†/*xE ]†~6&°* 4ÂĄF f˜/x02/06.2006 Š f;ÂĄÂŒš x~{›D* ‘¥Â?0

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How To Build A Good Small NGO ¤¨ UH¨( »+ £H'+ ¨IL3gE }N¨, L3 gr 7 }N}E ¤35¨> £ ª¢ª> ¤gE gªH £ 7ÐG ÊL ¦JghI n},L5 ¤g0 «l N¨G¨I ¨ .g.g2 ¤g¥ª¢N¨I ªNgI +}N3L'+ NÓ, £N+¨ 7 «.+¨ 7+5g 7 5¨ ELËH+ £N3¨0g. +6ÓI 7L53L¨ª. m ª ªI'+

kNU ~¨ J+ kNU Ñ2 k 7(¦I ©KL ¦ JgI g£.bU ='+ kh 7gÔ+L ngJ6+¦¹+ ¦1 ;g ¹+ kU¨I¦ ·+ Ñ> ng U ¹+ »)+ kU¨Hg¹+ -5+3)µ+ g½ ´ =bU H+ bU . k Ur I «¢N¨I ªNgI gKR z¤ G)±c, .5yR 1 £ 75bJ&+ ¤¨0 ¡Í>I yKy¬I gRKz¤ G)±+ gt { E+ ¤ }. 35¨ . ¤¨0L bN)+ +5¨hN3 gKR z¤ G)±+ jcK¢hÐ+ ° RC3

M}2'+ 3+¦I § = ¦ u H

www.networklearning.org

} J'+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Contents

jcL£hÑ)

-bUª0L -Ó 9 kUªI¨ 1 Ó> k U ¢I «¢h. ªG ¢¦ UH¦( ¹+ kIbU »+ ¢¦ . ¢'+ Ç ¡IL ¡uJ ¡I k oI'µ+L ¡N5g lH+ ¨h . kU¨I¦ ·+ Ñ> ng U ¹+ N} . kU¨I¦ ·+ Ñ> k U H kU¨HL'U µ+ 1+}¹+ L'U ·+ H+ »L'µ+ n+¦ ¸+ M¦l ¹+ k ¨E5 kU¨I¦ 1 Ñ> k U I %g , § = -b=g ¹+ I+¦ H+ yH)+ ngU¨r¨.+Ë 7µ+L k U £¹+L %M3gh¹+L gN(L}U H+ bNb° ÈgUoH+ H+ kU¨ ¨ ·+ ng0g·+L Gg ¹+ bNb° pHgUoH+ H+ É= g ,U 5 g£ 0 k¨U ¨GL g£¨H)+ tgl° ©lH+ ngI¦ ¹+ ©K gI U 2 »L'µ+ -¦ ¸+ ©U G5g . ©U N5 Q ¨¨ . L'+ ng0gu H Q}Nb . ¡IL k¨U I¦ ·+ Ñ> k U ¹+ t5g2 %+É2 ¡I ngI¦ ¹+ 0)+ k¨JgUoH+ -¦ ¸+ Ub¶+ ¾ § = £IÎG |2'+ § = 9}1+L ¡Nb¨ l ¹+ ¨ xUlH+ ,+}U H+ H+ :+}>'µ+L +bK'µ+ 3bU 1 ¨ xlU Hg, '+b,+L L} ¹+ b£N R µ)+ 5}U F koHgUoH+ -¦ ¸+ ng;g U H+L ¨ xlU H+ k¨U = ´ kG5g ¹+ § = ¡Nb¨ l ¹+ rU 8 k ,+}U H+ -¦ ¸+ k U ¸+ ´ -bU¨¶+ ng 75g ¹+L kU¨Eg H+ sI3 k Ig¸+ -¦ ¸+ U Q H4 ¢¦ ¨ l N g o¨1 O+5L3 ¢Lb¨ l ¹+ ª3U ¦( N p¨1 khF+}I g J 5¦; U k 73g H+ -¦ ¸+ U N¦ UlH+ ¡UI+' k ,g H+ -¦ ¸+ U ¨h UlH+ Igº+ H+ ¤, F L'+ L} ¹+ hU ; ¨ xlU H+ +|K U G b , ¢&µ+L k IgUoH+ -¦ ¸+ ¨¨ lU H+L khF+}¹+ 73g H+ H+ U iF+5 k 7gUlH+ -¦ ¸+ ¨U F -} 8g H+ -¦ ¸+ kU¨=g®5µ+ ngI¦ ¹+ bU F ¨ xUlH+ ¡I k¨HgUlH+ kH¦¶+ ´ -} = kN3g·+ -¦ ¸+ k xl ¹+ 7L5bU H kh U Hg,

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

ng 75g ¹+ «E'g, 3¦ ¹+ ,g H+ H+ U

# H kh U Hg, ng 75g ¹+ «E'+ ©K gI #kdU¨ 7 '+ -bU¨0 k 75gÀ glN'ÎH 5+3 %g , ng 75g ¹+L %M3gh¹+ «E'+ 3grN)+ 35+¦¹+ « h, Ul l. QkHL3 ¨¾ ´ -bU¨¶+ k 75g ¹+ # 1 ´ ng 75g ¹+ «E'+ ©K gI l . ¨G -bU¨¶+ ng¨ ¨£H+ %g , £IgUoH+ H+ k¨U 75 k¨U I¦ 1 Ñ> k U I ,g; 4gxU.+ H+ Fg; 3+}E'+ Ò, xUlH+ gK~N~ .L %M3gh¹+ :L ng U H ©U ,} H+ t4¦ U H+ H+ Fg; = Ò ° ¥~N~ .L g U E -5+3)+ ½ %g J)+ k¨U I¦ 1 Ñ> Qk U I ´ -5+3)µ+ ½L H+ Fg; Ò, kFÎ H+ H+ Fg;L -5+3)µ+ ½ -5bF %g , k ¨<¦H+L k¨ x H+L ¨* }U H+ U g U H+ ©=g ¶+ H+

©;+} ÇbU H+ 5+} H+ 4gxU.+ k¨U = +Ë1µg, Ul¹+ %g 9)µ+ -b¨ ¹+ ng=g l0µ+ b = Q kdU¨ 7 n+3g= mh lG+ bF l=¦ ½ mJgG +4)+ Ò /+ ÒR Ig= Ò, Ñ 2 +~J 'g N Ò1

k¨U I¦ ·+ Ñ> k U ¹+ ´ 5¦I'µ+ } . b = U -b¨U ¶+ k¨U ;g¨l1µ+ ngIb¸+ %g , 7glU H+ H+ -bU¨¶+ -5+3)µ+ ng¨U l 0¦U H+ ngJ6+¦¹+ :L kJ6+¦¹+ :L 5L3 kJ6+¦¹+ :L ¦uJ kU¨Hg 0)µ+ k,5g ¹+L N} UlH+ ng,g ·+ k¨ , ¦1 ng 1ÎI

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

¥3grN)+L g¹+ -5+3)+ } 8g H+ H+ g¹+ -5+3)+ -53g U H+ 35+¦¹+ -5+3)+ #¼U g¹+ h «H+ ¦K gI U #k¨U I¦ ·+ Ñ> ng U H kh U Hg, k U £I k¨U Hg¹+ -5+3)µ+ Él . Rº ¼glU H+ ~r . ¢'+ k¨U Hg¹+ -5+3)µ+ ´ -b¨U ¶+ k 75g H ¡ Ç ¨ 7 Q , k¨U 7g 7'µ+ %M3gh¹g, g¨ H+ kNU 5+3)µ+ kh 7gÔ+ ,g I k¨U Hg¹+ kh 7gÔ+ ng,g ·+ 5+b 9)+ jgh 7'+ k¨U Hg¹+ ,+¦ «H+ U ngh0+¦H+ E kh 7gu H kU¨hK|H+ b=+¦ H+

N¦ lU H+ iN5blU H+ ng0g1 H4 ´ g¬ k¨U N¦ lU H+ k¨U I¦ ·+ Ñ> k U ¹+ ng0g· ¨ xlU H+ wgr U H+ § = b=g . ©lH+ Ñ lU H+ k N}; g l=+ kH¦ ¹+ nµgG¦H+ § = 5¦o H+ Y +¦I'µ+ i ; k¨U ¨G N¦ lU H+ ng U I I ¢Lg lU H+ +¦I'µ+ 0 § = -5b H+ %g , UƦJgF Q :L § = ¦ ·+ } = ¬3g¹+ H+

kI+bl 7µ+ %g , } = ÈgUoH+ H+

k¨U .g 7(U ¦¹+ kI+bl 7)µ+ N5g ¹+ kI+bl 7+ 9gx 8'µ+ iN5b.L kI+bl 7µ+ kNU ¦ H+ ng h H+ É= kI+bl 7µ+ %g , U

k h 8 %g , ngNbU ° kHg U E Qng h 8 %g J)µ n+3g 85)+

K4 k¨ . } = pHgUoH+ H+

#¤, U ul.L 9g¸+ E+3 £ . MbI ªU '+ »)+ U # £U .L +Ë1g, %ÎI6 Ig . MbI ªU '+ »)+ # £U .L +Ë1g, ¡Nb¨ l ¹+ Ig . MbI ªU '+ »)+ ¤, uUlH+L 9g¸+ E+3 £E ¦1 8g J U *ÎI~H l Ig I k¨U ¨G ¦1 8g J ¡Nb¨ l H l Ig I k¨U ¨G ¦1 8g J

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

©U G5g UlH+ © N}U H+ ¨¨ UlHgG ng0g·+ ng ¨¨ . L'U ·+ u »+ kEg U H+L kIg H+ ku H+L %g¹+ ¦1 kHg U E kU¨,}. n+} 8(U ¦I ÈgUoH+ u »+ U i¨ 7+¦·+ pHgUoH+ u »+ kU¨ H+ ©1+¦U H+ ngJ6+¦¹+ ¡= bN~¹+ ,+}U H+ u »+ kJ6+¦¹+ ¡I k¨U H+ ©1+¦ U H+ ¡= bN~¹+ Igº+ u »+ nÎIg ¹+ ¨r . k =+bH+ *g/¦H+ krl ¹+ ng,g ·+ kU¨Hg¹+ ,+¦ «H+ kh 7gu H kU¨hK|H+ b=+¦ H+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Introduction

gG^ ¶)

¢¦ . ¢'+ Ç ¡IL ¡uJ ¡I z .y.I c F ¢ Fc hK I'+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ : ¢ K ¦xE+ 9ct 8'±+ F Mg=¢ ¹ e¤R h E+ +xH j^R ='+ 3cqR.±+ I3I gKR ^ E+ -5R c E+ d 8I Lc 7c 7'+ c¤ KyB'+ ° -^0+¢hµ+ jc R µ+ ¡xH £ = 5c §µ+ +xH ° c ,5cª ·)+I cK5'±+I y 9'±+ j+^ dE+I ^µ+ ° . g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ ¡xH R +' ·)+ -5c 8)±+ 5^ª Lc ,c 7 ¥.c¤B¢ {E+ R g=¢ hµ+ jc=¢ Ï+ F ^K^ E gd { R Ec, |¤ E+ J¢h {F Î {qh, Lc §K'+ £ P. c {G)±+ ¢ q, c Fc hH+ eGc0 R ¢ 7 F E = ° ÎGc hµ+I d R E+ ¥q {E+ 9ct 8' ±+ F ÍM kD g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ +^¤F ° K R Ic¬ cF^ = | Ec, £ P. cF LcdEc> ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = gFR c= Dc |F 0+¢. cF L-3c= c RGc) B ¢ R E+ f53 jc R µ+ ¡xH c h 7 %¢ {.I c { G -3¢²c, z¤R hK c = 3¢ K ÊB +¢G'±+ £hR 8 F Dc |F ·)+ ¦3R ¢( K c¼R c E+¢F'+ -5+3)+ {¬ '+ c 2 ¤d hE 6ÊE+ K¢ hR E+ 3cnK)+ = zn . c D Í> h R F 5c;)+ : £ § E+ g 75c µ+ %c , ° .^=c {F ·)+ ¤E^R E+ +xH g 7+¢, ¥FyG µ+ +xH F g R µ+ 5c;)+ ° hGc F i h2+ c F +xE c R 1I cH^K^¬I Dc |µ+ F gKcC¢E+ g¤R ¤D ·)+ ^ 8yG c D g¤R F¢ ³+ -^*c Ec, ¤ = 3¢ ¤ 7 ¤E^R E+ +xH R '+ ° R 8 ÊB g¤R F¢ ³+ Í>

k oI'µ+L ¡N5g lH+ ¨h . U ^1+I }t 8 c M Rd K '+ à ¥hE+ gd 7c µ+ £N5g UlH+I §B'±+ gR¤ ¤d RhE+ gKy R E+ ¤E^R E+ +xH jcq 9 ° ^nh 7 N :I £ = gKR y R E+I 5c B'±+ %yµ+ dR K K5c hR E+ ¡xH Ê2 B } R E+ |Cc . gM =¢ ¹ +¢1'±+ §B'+ ° I'+ Í RhE+ Å= N }t 8 R D R hK E4 F LcCÊ G+ # Dc |µ+ ·)+ g }, Rià Iy |µ+ +xH R +' I^dK H LÊkF R¤ F Í 9 N = KyB R . '+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R µ à E4 F'+ +4)+ K5c hR E+ ¤d . F ¢0yG +xE g |Cc µ+I ^ E+ +x E LcRK5I3 c h0±c, ¢ K N 753 9Êth 7+ Gc F)c, cD )+ R qhhE c F LÊD 753cB Lc d {F -xR µ+ K5c |µ+ F g kF'±+ § , yRB¢h. c D y . ¥D g |Cc µ+ à ¤ = Î RE(¢µ+ B+¢. ± N ¢ :¢F F cD )cB g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R F £ = -^*c Ec, 3¢ K ± '+ :I g ¤ 1 ·)+ L+^ h {F BÊ2 cD +4)+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

k¨U I¦ ·+ Ñ> ng U ¹+ N} . r,yR E+ £2R ¢h. ¢ . ±'+ ¥HI g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F %c |G)± g¤EchR E+ Iy |E+ Î`0ÊE+ I( ¢ |E -^qhR µ+ ½'±+ g¤R :¢ F :y . R R ¤n {hR E+ R +' Í> g¤R µc E+ g¤R Gc {G)±+ jc 75c µ+I ¤ Ec, gFzh FI Lc¤R G¢GcC g nR {FI g¤R F¢ 1 Í>I gKR 5cª Í> ¢ .I ¥05c´+ K¢ hR E+ g¤R = Cy . '+ LÊkF c ¤B yF'ÊE Lg :5c F gF¢ ³+ ¦^d. Î1 Dc |µ+ § , sy K ^C  R ¢Gc E+ ¦'+ -5^ Ec, g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ hR ® -5Iy : ¥H c R H'+ R EI g¤R Bc :)+ Nj+z¤R ¼ eR h. Jy2'+ g¤R EI3 Nj±cDI R E c Ec ='+ gn¤hG gE%c {F gKR ±' ¢ §t E cH3+^ h 7+ Ç |. c D cHx¤ hE gF6ÊE+ 35+¢µ+ ÎF'c.I g R 2 :I g¤ ¤ , c Fcµ)+ = Lc §K'+ lqd. '+ j±cD¢ E à c D g R E {¤*5 NzDyF g¤R ;+y Ã^R E+ g Ky R Ec, ^ h F 5¢h 73 Í> g R µ+ g 7c¤ 7 5yR K B L+^1+I Lc KyB R +' ¥ K c¼R ÎKR x¤ hR E+ ÎEI(¢ {µ+ = jc 7c¤ {E+ ¥ :+I }B Ky E+ cFR +' gKR x¤ hR E+ g`¤ E+ I'+ Î R<¢µ+ ¦'+ E+ zn K y2&+ KyB c ¤B LÊkF -5+3)±+ { n D g¤R F¢ ³+ ¥ :+I ¤k® -5Iy : ·)+ -5c 8)±+ F g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ F I^¤ h {µ+ 9ct 8'±+ B lEcRkE+ y G'+ Ec ='± Î R<¢µ+ g,5c F g Ky; £ = g¤R ¤ 1 N-y ¤ 7 {, ¤ = c D K^¤ h {µ+ %±(¢ E jc 7c¤ {E+ FcRkE+ } E+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ 3¢0I £ = C'±+ £ = Îh 7 ¥R §F ¥R 7c¤ 7 N y; ¦R ±' cH6c¤qG+ ^= = cB^R E+ I'+ E+ ·)+ c *¢² ^= -Í E+ I^R E+ ° ¤qh {F d 8 E4 R +' F e {1I 3+yB'±+ %c §='±+ F N K¢® £ = c E¢ }1 L±c 8'+ xtRh. '+ gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R E ¤B d 7 cF R , +zhE±+ gR¤F¢ 1 Í> g R F R D £ = :y G c {E g¤EchR E+ L+^R 0 g R µ+ y 9c E+ ° yR B E -^R = gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R E à E gR¤ 75 Ng R D yR }RhE+ gR¤ ¤ , Lc G&+ -5¢Dxµ+ F+¢ E+ F ^K^ E+ R h. ¥R 75 N 8 ·)+ g0c³+ cÀI3 Lc {1 %L Ê, ¥ d. '+ -Í }E+ R gR¤ 7c¤ 7 Lc;Iy 8 :y K I'+ ¦R 5Iy : Í> N¢qG £ = ¢Gc E+ ¤n {RhE+ gR¤ = I^R E+ § , e R }K g¤R EI^R E+ g¤R Gc {G)±+ ¤ E+ kF g=¢ hF R Nj+Í { . 5¢ F F Iy |E+ ¡xH F ^K^ E+ Ic . µ+ F R ^R 1 ^ ,'+ ·)+ § dE+ c § , = g h» ¥R *c R E+ c 8 ° I^d. ^C g =c E+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ R c) B c H F

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

kNU 5g° Ó>L kªU u,5 Ó> ¤¨ . ¤'+ L} 8 k/Ð/ © = %O g¢, kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ }U ¢E ªHbU H+ +|K ¶ gIU '+ Ub l .L -5b H+ ´ ¤'+ g¥ª =L kUª»g H+ kUªJg J)·+ ng 75g »+L ª Hg, ¡+ lH·+ g¥ª = g G kUªI¨ 1 Ó>L g¥Hg ='+ krªlJ kH%g I ¤¨ lH

¥ K cF } th {G yF'±+ gKc G ° c F g¤d {E+ ¢ . g R R¤,cnK)+ N c ='c, -ÍkD gR¤F¢ 1 Í> jc R F Hc {. L±c 0)+ zn . c RG+' ¦'+ y2&+ gE+6)+ £ = KyB -^=c {FI cµc, c *+5^F f¢¤0 % F r §hR K c D ¢H c F y2&+ 3N ^= ^H R +' Í> c F g¤R ,cnK)±+ ¢ . g¤R d 7 L±c ='+ Lc.ch, c R B Í> Åh K ¸cRhEc,I g ¤ : Njc=c C +4 Í 9 N = Cc; R §K c D -ÍdD Nj+5^ , Rh hK ÊB lEcRkE+ Ky E+ cRF+' # &±+ F Nj+¢ 7 y |= Ê2 K'+y, gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> iG'+ h R F R §h 7 N KyB ¦R '+ ·)+ µ+ +xH F

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 1: The Beginning Stages of an NGO

J%²) ~ F)

g¥G£ ´) Î< g F g¥FJ%²) /)y¶)

»L'µ+ n+¦ ¸+ y 9c = g/Ê/ ·)+ g¤R F¢ 1 Í> Ng R F %c |G)+ ¦¢ K F R D pchqK |E+ ¢H I'R ±+ R d 7c . ¥hE+ cK(IyR E+I |E+ +xH Iy;c |hK KxE+ 9ct 8' ±+ F g=¢ ¹ ¢H ÂckE+ R K^¤ h {µ+ ¦'+ .^=c {F 3R ¢. KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ F -^¤R ²+ gCÊ E+ ¢H lEckE+ 0R yK Lc.¢ 9 ® ± Ng=¢ ¹ gEc1 ¥H cH+^1)+ Îh Ky , 5¢ R E+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ y }d. +^ dE+ F ° ¸cH'+ Ky E+ +xH ° 9ct 8'±+ § , '+^dK gEc³+ ¡xH ° C+¢E+ +xH ͤ . ·)+ pch¬ c R E c dEc F J^ 9 Hy 7P'+I H3±I'+ 0'+ F 35+¢µ+ F ^Kz E Lc ¤F'c. { G'+ ¤ . I5yR KI c h0±c, LÊkF K^ µ+ c ;'±+ F Ng=¢ ¹ ¤ }. ¥ B Jy2'±+ g Ky R E+ cFR '+ g053 gL 053 LcKR ^=c }. Í {. ¥hE+ gKR ^¤ hR E+ gK+^dE+ ¥H . Î R {µ+ -^=c {F LÊkF I5yR ¤B g¤R §C ¥ R d. £ = ^¤²+ ¥=c h0±+ :¢E+ I'+ ¦¢,yhR E+ J¢h {µ+ ¦I4 9ct 8'±+ 5cn 8'±+ 5z. ¥hE+ gKR Iy E+ jc=¢ Ï+ I'+ c;y {E+ :yF ¢Gc K KxE+ R 7'±+ F . ¥hE+ jc=¢ Ï+ F HÍ>I K^ µ+ c ;'±+ ¸cH'+ gEc1 ° RG'+ ¢H Îh=¢ Ï+ Î.cH Î, y E+ FI c .Ê*c=I jc=¢ Ï+ ¡xH H g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ y = ° ΤR 7c 7'±+ I'+ ΤR 9'±+ K^¤ h {µ+ R c) B £ ='±+ ·)+ ¦'+ qG ¢H eEc E+ y } EcB g¤GcRkE+ g=¢ Ï+ ° cRF+' -^R¤0 gL Fc F ¢ K K^¤ h {µ+ R +' §K '+ +xH 'c 8 Í> jc R µ+ %c |G)+ ° g¤GcRkE+ g=¢ Ï+ sc¾ RC¢hK I^¤ h {µ+ 9ct 8'±+ ¦'+ H I I^¤ µ+ 9ct 8'±+ -y*+3 ° K^¤ h {µ+ %±(¢ E D+y 8)+ J^F ¦'+ 2+^R E+ ·)+ p5c´+ F K^¤ h {µ+ G J^F £ = gR¤F¢ ³+ ¦'+ -Í 2I gd 9 gKR zDyµ+ gCÊ E+ i {F'+ ±)+I -ÍdD Ng=y {, E4 ¢ }1 -5Iy : ·)+ -5c 8)±+ 5^ªI qG c {1)+ ¥dEc; £ = ¢C^R }hK Í2 ¥ =cB ·)+ iE¢¬R cF ^R 1 ·)+ gKIc {hF N { 7'+ £ = -5¢Dxµ+ g R µ+ %£ | . ¥hE+ g=¢ Ï+ 3+yB'+ c ¤B Fc hK gR¤ 75 Í> M-ÇB yF'±+ R th. c RG+' £ = Lc 1± cHyDxh 7 ¥hE+ -Ç E+ ¥H . jc 7c¤ {E+ yKy . ·) + :5'±+ {¤ . F LgBcD c ='±+ zn K ¤ ²cB R gDÇ |F NgR¤ §C 0'+ F -yBc §hF iGcD 3¢ ²+ R +' I c R¤ 7 ± cH3c R.+ pI'+ ° 8 g 8 iGcD c ¤qB §B'±+ ·)+ gR¤05c´+ jc R µ+ B^hB ^K+zhK R K ± ÎD5c |µ+ 3^=I Lc R¤ F Lc } }t. *c<¢E+ eR h. cF c=y 7 E R '+^dK c D -5+3)+ { ¹ %c |G)+I  + %+y 8I e 7c F Neh F 3c h=+ R ¢Gc E+ ¤n {hR E+ ·)+ ¥ {E+I y.¢¤dF¢D -z 0' R Lcd.+5 ¥R h, ¤ ²+ -Í }E+ g=¢ Ï+I -5+3) ±+ { ¹I K^¤ h {µ+I Î R<¢µ+ F gR¤ 7c 7'±+ y 9c E+ REc' h. iC¢E+ E4 ¢ q, L+4)+ R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

%c §='+ ^1'+ F I'+ yK^µ+ I'+ Î R<¢µ+ F -Í2'±+ ¡xH ¢ h. ^C c R D 5¢F'±+ jcKy¹ £ = y |. ¥hE+ gKR 3y E+ I'+ R E+ Í 7 yR ¬ ¥hE+ g`¤ E+ ^ {ª +¢1' ±+ F ° c R E g ,c 7 Ng 1yF ° L+^¤ h {F cD ¦xE+ -5+3)±+ { ¹ R R H'+ R )cB g`¤ E+ ¡xH 3+yB'+ ^1'+ i D I'+ { , g R µ+ ¡xH £RE¢h. i D )cB LcF^C ¥R § E c | R E+I gCc R E+ yRB¢.I 2 £ = 9y³+ ¥H c : *c<¢E+ e R |.I gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ 5¢ . F .c= £ = -c µ+ jc R R¤EI(¢ {µ+ Î, g¤R µc, +L 5¢ 8 ^RE¢. '+ ¤ = Jy2'+ N-5cd , ¤E)+ g R µ+ %c hGc,I g R µ+ ·)+ Î Fc E+ y*c 7 %c hGc, 5N ¢ 8 Î R<¢µ+ Î, ExDI K^¤ h {µ+ cL RK5Iy : { Ï+ %c |G)+ rd }K E +x D Lc { ¹ LgBcD jc R µ+ RE¢( . ± C+¢E+ ° #-5+3)+ { ¹ %c |G)+ ·)+ g0c³+ ¥H cF g R µ+ F C65 e {D g¤R ¤D ·)+ jcF^´+ Ä^ . F c ,R 5 Fc hH+ ¢E¢q¤B d.+I5 ¥R h, Î R<¢µ+ '+^dK cF^ = R J'c ¨ jc 7c¤ {E+ ¢>¢ }K R R E ¡cdhGc, Î R<¢µ+ ·)+ ¢ }KI R q, K^¤ h {µ+ ¢ Rkà %c §='+ R §K '+ { Ï+ £ =I cFR +' ¤='+ e }G K^¤ h {µ+ Í2 ¢ §K , g¤R }t 8 Ngq }F gKR +' ¢2R ¢hK ± RG+' c D g¤R F¢¤E+ %cd='±+ ¦zn F = enK c D E ¤d . F R qh. '+ J¢ E+ K6+¢F 'c 8 B C+¢E+ :5'+ £ = g 75c µc, R hK cF °

£NghI Ó,L5 ¤g0 ,

f¨ M|D&* i|= ´ f£ M|: j¨T H¦ 0 Ñ= j T H T 7 j E fnH T

·)+ 5g;)·+ +|K £ : t5b¢. g¢l U ¢I U¤'+ T bU J ¼ g¢UJ'+ I ¤&·+ ©lU 1 kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> g¢l U ¢I k F ªH) + U Q 5¨ H+ ¨K +|K g¢ = ½) + E+UbH+ ¤gG ¡¨ªH+ ©Ul1L n+¨¢ 7 ,5'+ |¢I ÔU¢ »+ I J g¢UJ)+ O+}U2(¨I U Ð2 £I kªU 7g 7'·+ g¢lN}F ¶ g¢;g J gJ'+b, - r H+L Ô¢U »+ -gJg I U . MbH g¢,gl¢N ¬|H+ k Hg, U «lH+ k ;'·+ ¥H } ­uJ gJ} 9 U / kª :g»+ KU = ¡gUN'+L kUªHg¹+ ¥I¨ K k Fg¢IL ¡g lJg, ¥.5gN6 KgJb=g 7L OkNL3'+L 3ËH+ £I ¥ª . ,ÐI ¥H g¢U I'+ g G g¢lN}F ¶ gK3grN)+ £= ¤L r N £ H g¥J¨hU uN ¦ªH)+ ¤¨0gluN Q%+L3 U H ng ª UlH+ -%+}F ¶ U65'+ £I k ;'·+ Êb . Ð2 £I -b=g »+ +L5U}F £N}2&+ Q 9gx 8'+ £I Og ªr . g¢.g;g J mª H bFL I H+ gJ'+b, H4 b , Ô 7(U ¨I %g ­='+ klU 7 g¢U G -bª »+ :+}>'·+ £I gKÓ>L ,л+L mN6L m lJ+ ¤'+ g¢.g;g J mohH gIL gª H+ ¥.g 7+53 k ,glI £I +¨¢U lN ¼L kN} H+ ¶ +LU} l 7+ £N|H+ jgh H+ U g¢N'g.5gE g¢I¨ K gJ};g . ¼g H+ ¨1 M}2'+ Qng U ¢I U¤'+ O+}2U (¨I ·)+ 1ÐJ ¼ g¢¢U H -5LgÕ+ M} H+ ½)+ kUªI¨ 1 Ó> Qk U ¢ G OgUªJ¨JgF gJ3¨0L ªuJ ¤'+ gU¢I ­ hHgE g¢Ig lK+ ¦ª = Ui J ¤'+ irN gI ¨1 k U ¢»+ } = ¶ %+5&·+ Ðl2+ k I ¦0+¨J OgUªHg1 ¥H6g¢I ¶ Ô¢U »+ %g ,)+ ­ E gJ' + ¥ªE £® }2&·+ ­ hH+ gIU '+ Ô¢U »+ %+¨N)· - r= 5L3 %g¢, bN}N U g¢K ¥.b=g IL

¡M|² # Hg, ¡'+ © ='·+ ½)+ 7'·+ £I k U ¢»+ §|K .'+ #g¥¢I £Nbª l »+ I g¥.gFÐ= «K gI #« N g ªE gK4gxU.+ g¥ª = Qn+¨ 2 qÐ/ U K'+ «K gI

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

M¦l ¹+ k ¨E5 k¨U I¦ 1 Ñ> k U I %g , § = -b=g ¹+ I+¦ H+ ¦R +' hBy FI s¢ :¢, ¤B } }t R RhE+ ¦¢ . ¦xE+ q E 5c¤h2+I g R E gq :+I Lc1I5I Lc ¤CI LcB+^H'+ ¤R d. g R µ+ = -z¤R hF N-5¢ 9 {¤ 7'chE LÊd 7 ;cd h 7+I ¤d hR E+ '+ g B+^µ+ iGcD %+¢ 7 cH3c h=+ ¦¢ . Ng,5c F ÎBy R E+ ÊD F +Ç1±+I g {³+ g¤ R E+ £ = g¤ dF h R F F -^¤ h {µ+ g=¢ Ï+ F -^¤R 0 NgCÊ E ^¤;¢. ¡6c¾)+ g¤R = R {K c¼R ^1+I N ^ E 3c h=+ c¨ -3¢0¢F gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+I jcR¤ ²+ R +' +xH ¥ KI ¦R ¢C RÂ^F M h¹ c ¤B |¤ K NgEI3 ° 3¢0I gEI3 R EI e |E+I gF¢ ³+ Î, 9I g qD .I c ¤E) + %c 9)±+ ¥ d K gKR ¢C Ng hD ¤ |hE gKc E+ ¤B R ¦R ¢C RÂ^F N hn¨ Rh h. NgEI3 = L±ckF ^R . c {E+ R ¤R B+Ç1±+ .5^ E (Ic , Jy2'+ Njc=¢ ¹ F jcD+y | EI g R gK3g l=+ ¡ Ç k ¨ 9 ¨H)+

-¦ H+ ! kG+} H+ %g , -5b H+ %g , U U c D = jz¾'+ +4)cB cµ+ -5+3)c, R hµ+ E4 ¢H E+ ° g¤R B+Ç1±+ ·)+ ¢=^. ¥hE+ gEc³+ = N ckF 6y,'+ R EI £ h2+ +4)cB Lc §K'+ gE%c { E ^X h {FI cµ+ . ¤D 1ÊK '+ cD ¦R '+ g=c h 7c, cR 8 RG'+ idkh 7 enK } E+ y G'+ ¤R F N }t 8 £ = gFʵ+ h 7I yF'±+ c |hD+ R h¤ 7 cµ+ } E+ y G'+ g¤R ;+y Ã3I gE%c { E g ,cCI gBcR 8 = e¤Ec 7'+I £L dE g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R F 3c h=+ ¤k® R hK E LcFc hH+ yF'±+ y . ¶ c1 ¥ B ¥R { ²+ ¢ R E+ ¡cª g 7c {1I gq :+I g 7c¤ {E yK¢ . R ÊD jc0c1 ° Í hR E+ R hK E c D j+5+y E+ xthR . ¥hE+ g=¢ Ï+ : f¢ µ+ J¢h {µc, %c { R E+ K^¤ h {µ+ Î, Î { ²+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

ÃckF) ~ F)

Chapter 2: Identifying Your Vision, Principles, Mission, Strategies, Etc.

g ¶)J #K1cd¶)J cL&JyF) ^L^­ uF') jc¥n¥,)È 5²)J

c .c¤R n¤.+Ç 7+I cHcK(I5 £ = Î hR F ¢ R<¢µ+ cD c1 ° 3+3zh 7 g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F R D g¤R Ec B R +' ° R 8 ± } Ec, c¤ E+I on³+ Ä^ . g 9yB g=¢ ¹I 3N yB R E schP. l¤1 8c R E+ F L-ÇB +xH y h {K ^C uE)+ c *3cdFI ·)+ E4 3¢ K '+ dC y2&+ ·)+ N }t 8 F jc¤R n¤.+Ç 7±+I g R µ+I cK(IyE+ RB^. g Ky; ¸chR E+ ckµ+ r :¢K ¥ HR xE+ R yF'±+ gKc G ° K5c |µ+ x¤ . Ñ= f k T H /&* ¡H *aJ&*K mf¨T q¨-*Ë 6*K j T £HK fM'K4 2fqM(* fnH j¨T H¦ ·*

+}N3L'+ NÓ, -bUª H+ ,

kª ¢. kHgGL g¥l , gª¢ªG kNU 5¨¥ 0 ¶ k rU I k U ¢I «K k=g ¸+ n+53ghI =3 ngIb2 k U ¢I U¤)+ g¥lª ¢.L k=g ¸+ ku 9 g¿ ¶ Ô 7U} l»+L ÔEÍÖ+ £I Pk=¨ ¿ g¥l 7'U + gª¢ªG j}> ¶ . «KL ¡g= ½)+ 9¨UlH+ b¥,L 2f<K T©t 8 P k½ ¨1 gKgN(L5 © = g¢l U ¢I ngUª = .}. gJgN(L5 ¤'+ ½)+ g¢l U ¢I £ : n·g l1·+ g¢ U F bFL 5¨I'·+ £I bNb H+ 6gÄ)+ irN /g Q l¿ %g J)+ bNb² µU jt T G jT¨Ù<fÙ Ù/K jÙT¨Ù-fÙ Ù T 6'¦ÙH m*42fÙgÙH ¡Ù< NÎÙ «D fÙJ~ÙM~Ù Ù-K jÙH*aÙkÙ H jÙTM2|ÙD ,|Ù 6&* $fÙ Ù+ g¢lU ¥I g¢ª = ¤gG H4 |ª ¢lH jDfF mfM¦k ¹* § < jF*| T G* Î1 ¡H j¨ kT G*K g¢l U ¢I m :L bFL 3LbÀ gK3b= Ël NL 7+L Q g J © = g¥ ªh . U lN ngUªrª.+Í 7·+ jT¨ ¨ kG* ,4*2(µ*K j¨ kG* g K+b1)+ ©=b. ¨U¢H+ +|K £I ÔlUªrª.+Í 7+ ½)+ j}ÛÛ F'·+ ¨ÛÛ KL gÛÛ ¥Û ¢Û I }ÛÛ G|ÛÛ J kÛÛ ªU Û rÛ ªÛ .+Í 7+ U Û G £ÛÛ Û : +bÛÛ K'·+ bÛÛ Nb² irÛÛ N ¤gÛÛ G +bK'·+ j T ¹*K 24*¦ G jH*ak ¹* j¨ TkG* ~M~ - §Ð='+ -5¨G|»+ kUªrª.+Í 7·+ §|K b1'+ £IL +bK'·+ §|K ½)+ 9¨lU H «I}N Q , gK|ª ¢.L g¥H ª xlU H+ « h¢N N5g »+ H ¢Kf TkGf+ f£D*aJ&*K f£kT £HK j T ¹* fM'K4 /*4 ¬|H+ j T ¹* ,4aE $f + K| H }G|J N5g »+ j.Î. gM T© H5 P4f:(* ¡ 9 j<¦ ½ T F mfT¨GK'¦ H 2Ta0 T . j T ¹* © T;¦HK $fF| T G*K Ó* $f «<&* U¤+' v :+¨H+ £IL n+˺+ kG5g IL iN5bUlH+ mJg E k 0+} H -b l »+ kUªrª.+Í 7·+ gUI+' |£ 7&*

M}2'+ QngUªrª.+Í 7+ ¡bxl lH mJgG M}2'+ N5g I

g¢K -b l »+ ng H+ ¨1

m^R qh. cF^ = ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = cF ^Y 1 ·)+ g h» Njcq }F ^ h . Jy2'±+ jc R µ+ R +' ·)+ ¡cdhG±+ %c0yR E+ ¥ . ¥ B K¢ R E+ J^µ+ £ = c B+^ h 7+ ¥ d K ¥hE+ gR¤E¢ 8 ÉD'±+ g E+ = gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ § , F g h» 1+yF ° +^H'+ kF jc E+ § , ^th {P. E4 = LÊ §B cK(IyR E+ ± ^ E+ Ex, c By K gR¤ F g R 2 ° Gc F N Iy |F R E R +' ¢H R µ+ ^R ³+ +xH ·)+ Lc R F {¤E E4 R E R D ¤ tRhE+ gR¤ = c ¤ = ¢ B+¢KI g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ° ¢ Fc E+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

kHg U H+ +bK'·+L ngªU rª.+Í 7·+ 5gªl2+

¥H gR¤n¤.+Ç 7±+ = Ê=)ÊE Jy2'±+ y R E+ FI gEc R B NjcR¤n¤.+Ç 7+ gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> h R F 5cht. '+ R µ+ F +xH c F ¤ E+ ±)+ -5+3)+ F R h. EI Mg¤R = jc¤R n¤.+Ç 7±+ L+4)+ ¢H c E ¥R 7c 7'±+ ¡cnR.±+ R +) ¢ E+ E4 £ = ±ckF N +¢ 7 { 2 Ê2 R §h 7 gF^ µ+ g=c ²+ ¡xH ° -y 7'+ R D R '+ c : £ = jc¤R n¤.+Ç 7±+ J^1)+ } . j R cµ+ ¥ 0 ¤ h {K L+^1+I L+3yB 3c h=+ Ê2 F g,yRhE+I 5cn 8'±+ gKc 1 £ = c .cR¤n¤.+Ç 7+ J^1)+ } . g R R¤F¢ 1 Í> gR¤`¤, g R F c h }, +yB'±+I g¤R { |E+ R ud R E+ -z 0'+I 5cn 8'±+ g=+56 Å= LÊkF g=c ²+ : ud R E+ 3¢C¢E gF+^h {µ+ jc¤R hR E+ uE)+ g {Ð+ R R +' Í> cHx¤ . ¤d 7 ° ^R n, .I -ÍdD N5c B'c, zh . ¥hE+ -Í }E+ g R R¤F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ F M E&chF c ¤ 0 iC¢ E g ¤ §F 3yR ¹ ¸chR Ec, ¥ { hB g¤R F g¤R n¤.+Ç 7+ gKR +' F -3yR ¹ c .c;c |G © = ª . «lH+ } 7'R ·+ ­ , -b=g I Lg² gª 7&+ ¶ kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ Mb1)+ mJgG fnH KL k 75b»+ £I 3·L'·+ tU}x. ¤'+ krªlU¢H+ mJgG k 75bI %g J)+ © = g¥lFg; U 0 mUh E } H+ kUEg1 Ó> k U ¢»+ U¤'+ ¨H -Ó E } 7'·+ mª , ¾glU Hg,L ¨2bI «¢¸ £NbU l I Ó> £ H -%+} H+ ¤LbªrN gÛ ÛU,}ÛH O·¨Û2bÛI «Û¢ÛrÛN kÛ Û*gÛ= U ÛG £ÛÛI O+bÛÛ1+L O+3}ÛÛE U¤'+ ¤gÛÛ Û : kÛÛUªÛ rÛ ªÛ .+Í 7+ nbÛÛ Û lÛ =+ kÛÛUªÛ I¨ÛÛ ¹+ ËG'+ OgIbU . U ² ¤'+ m=g l 7+ gKÓ>L kHg U H+ +bK'·+L ngªU rª.+Í 7·+ 5gªl2+ kªU ªG

-¢ E+ c G £ = -z .yµ+ K5c R RhE+ c h 7+ sÇ B gK^R ²+ cKc § E+ F Fc RhE+ d 7 ·)+ L+5+yF ¤E^R E+ +xH yR hK c .5+3)± L+¢( D L+^*cC ¤R .I = g 85I %+y0)± cKR '+ g §, g R µ+ } }t. Î1 y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+ c GI R R N jcR¤n¤.+Ç 7±+ 3c h 7+ -5Iy : ·)+ -5c 8)±+ 5^ªI -Í 9 yB : cRF)+I Fc hF Ky D cRF)+ fIc RhEc, cH3+yB'+ ¤B 9I ¯R ^CI uE)+ -3c¤ E+ g¤ ,I Dc |µ+I jc0c³+I 3I^³+I j±c h1±+I Î Fc E+ gBc E ^¤R 0 N B ·)+ gEc R E+ g,5c µ+ ¡xH iGcD )cB y |= ÂcRkE+ } E+ gF^R F ° ÅD'+ N ¤ } h, y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+I R ¢ E+ c G g R R¤ = j+5c ¨ c hR hK g R µ+ p5c2 F Î /+ I'+ Lc }t 8 ¢=^. '+ §B'±+ F jc¤R n¤.+Ç 7±+ ^K^¬ 0'+ F -^ h F LcFc F £ ='+ N 9ct 8'c, R hK ¦xE+ +4 ¢H e 7c µ+ 5c¤´+ R EI gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ 5I^E 5N ¢ }h,I -^ R R¤0 gR¤ ¤ ¬ N Jy2'+ gq0cG g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F F e {1 g¤CcdE+ gR E+ R }.I cH3^= F }R . '+ ¤ = jc¤R Gc F)±+ F 3N ^= ¢1 ¥ HRxE+ } Ec, c¤ E+ ^ , I'+ :5'±+ g¤ F +^ D Jy2'±+ Dc |µ+ gBc , eRd {h. ¥hE+ gR¤ 7c 7'±+ g |µ+ 3^R ¬ '+ Lc §K'+ Ic1I c hR¤ H'+ y E+ I'+ ¤1yhR E+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

g |µ+ oEc h 7 H #g¤R n¤.+Ç 7+ R D R qh 7 ¦xE+ cF jc¤R n¤.+Ç 7±+ ¢1 ¥ HRxE+ } E+ g 1yF }. R / ^¤E¢. £ = z¤DyhR E+ 7c R E+ 3+5'+ c1 ° #g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ -¢C c G F h 7 jc ¤R n¤.+Ç 7±+ ¦R +' #Lc R 1 R # cµ+ RB^. g¤R ¤DI r,yR E+ |F+¢HI ¢ {E+ I( R ¢ |, gK+53 £ = %+Å2 Lc 9ct 8'+ E+ Cc; R §K B ¢2^µ+ jc,c {³+ %+y0)+ F ¦X +' ¤ h {K ±I %c R E+ ¦I&cF -5+3)+ J^R h. ± g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ -Å2 iGcD +4)+ cFR +' .¢C ± : c G F Ê G±+ £ = zR Dy. '+ ¤ B g ¤ {dE+ R %M3gh»+ © = gN(L5 3g l=+ kªU ªG

gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ : %J3cdµc, +Ç=±+ £ = ¡xH jcR¤n¤.+Ç 7±+I +^H'±+ ^K^¬ gR¤ = F M%z0 } K R 7c R E+ ¤ 0 R +' ¢ F(¢K ¤ R<¢F R B L+ÍkD L-3c= c G¢ |Cc K ± E c , I^ R hK 7c R E+ F R +' I c ¤R 7 ± gM F B °I ^EI +4)+ ¡Í> -^=c {F c {G)±+ e0+I F RG+' I'+ Äy E+ |¤ E+ E¢tK R Ne.+y,I +Ç1±c, IyK^0 c H F LcFI3 E+ ° g¤R Bc |E+ :y . ¥hE+ y/'±+ gKR ¢ E+ %J3cdµ+ ^1'+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ^ h . ^CI eH4 F '+^dµ+ +xH R +' Mr¤q 9 E4 c §E gR¤Fc R E+ jcDyR qRhE+ xtRhP.I c¤1'±+ § , ° gR¤n¤.+Ç 7cD '+^dµ+ +xH 3c h=+ R hK F LcF^R . c R 1 ^C ¢ G '+ ^ , d µ+ c E+ g¤R Bc |E+ ·) R + yR hG ¢ 7 Jy2'+ N c¤1'+ ° c H)ÊE :yR hK ^C ^dh {P. '+ à ,c µ+ ° L+^,'+ £ { P. ± %J3cdµcB c¤ { R E+ ¥R ; ¥ {à ± RG+' Í> Jy2'±+ jc¤R n¤.+Ç 7±+ c B+^H'c, iBI ^C ¢ . '+ ^ , jc¤R n¤.+Ç 7±+ g`¤dEc, 5+y :)±+ ^= '+^dF Jy2'±+ %J3cdµ+ F ° K'+5 = Íd hR E+ g 9yB ¢ à ¦xE+ 9ct 8±+ R D R +' ¤BI Î §hR E+ '+^dF F'cG c D Lc §K'+ %J3cdµ+ FI %c hG±c, +Iy |K '+ enK -^=c {µ+ ¢R hK KxE+ '+ ¤ hR Ec, Î *c E+ '+ %+5^µ+ +¢GcD %+¢ 7 g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ *c hG+ ed {, i }E+ +zhE± L +^K^ . cD ¦R +' £ R hK ±'+ enK Lc ¤R F J R L ^ 9 £ . .+¢ 9'+ R 'c,I g R µ+ ¡xH ·)+ Í> jc R µ+ F ^K^ E+ R +' ·)+ -5c 8)±+ 5^ª ¥R { ²+ =¢G ed {, I'+ ¡y B -^R 8 I'+ R 7 ÅD I'+ ¡zn= I'+ ¥R /)±+ ¥R { ²+ ¢ R E+ gE'c {F Ic . Ê2 F C+¢E+ :5'+ £ = '+^dµ+ +xH dR . j'+^, ^C g¤R F¢ ³+ U« ¢¸+ ¨U¢ H k 7gª 7 :L g0U}H+L %g U¢H+ Ô ­.

¢ K jc dE+I Î dE+ :yE+ c ;' ±+ R '+ Í> Îh` E+ F g R¤ F gR¤ { 0 Ng`B : ^E¢K c F #¥R { ²+ ¢R E+ ¢H cF R R c) B ¸chR Ec,I L±c05 c¤d 9I %c {G jc¤hB ¢ G ¤D R hG q B ¦R y {E+ d1 C g ³ x F g h» gL Fc F d . c RG'+ B c hBc / c ¤ = c d {. ¥hE+ gKR 3c }hC±+I g¤R =c h0±+ 5+I3'±+ Ê2 F ^ {nh. R ¥R { ²+ ¢ R E+ 5+I3'+ gKx hR E+ %¢ 7I y E+ Âc . ¥ B 0yR E+ :I F Lc R t. ÉD'+ ¢ K '+ ·)+ ¤Ã -'+yµ+ :I '+ ±)+ Î { ²+ ÊD £ = -'+yµ+ £ = e }K LÊkF +^ dE+ F °I 35+¢µ+ ·)+ ¢ 9¢E+ £ = .5^C ° c ¤ = ¢ hK R R G+' c D LcdEc> F ÉD'+ jc ¤ {hR E+ ^K^ {. ° §B'+ uK5ch, M Bc1 c nR 7 R +' F Njc ¤ {. £ = ¢ }³+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

© ¶* ¦ T G j 6f¨ 6 9K Ñ.&f- fnH U

m=5g E 5 U H+ 7¨I £= Ô1Ð H+ . ª,g 7'+ klU 7 mJgG ¤¨ªH+Óª 7 ¶ PkJbK m rU 7 ¡g= S O+U} l I :¨H+ ¤gG pª1 M} H+ ½)+ ¬'+ ª r H n+L3'·+L 5L|hH+ ÔI'g. ½)+ -Óh H+ kUª»g H+ n·gG¨H+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ Ð2 £I n·gG¨H+ m E g¥ª1+¨ : ¶L g¥ 2+3 Ô 1U }»+ 9gx 8'·+ ½)+ kEg :)·g, « ¢¸+ ¨U¢H+ k 7gª 7 ¡+b J· OkrªlJ M} H+ z¨ª 8 Ð2 £I gK5Lb, m = «lH+ kUª¢;¨H+ kUªI¨ ¹+ U¤'+ ©¢= g U £Nbª l »g, U ulH+ £I M} H+ z¨ª 8 £U ´ b E kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ §|K £ : Ok 7gª 7 hUl. «lH+ kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ gUI'+ Ogdª 8 ¢. ¼ %g U¢H+ g¥l 7'+}. «lH+ k U1}»+ nÐ*g H+ £I g¥.b=g I © = m 9}1L nÐ*g H+ §|K ½)+ ¨ 9¨H+ kªU K'+ MbI mG53'gE «U ¢¸+ ¨¢U H kª=+}I

¥R { ²+ ¢ R Ec, g 9c2 R Ng 7c¤ 7 :I £ = E+ ·)+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ B^. ¥hE+ fcd 7'±+ ¥H ¡xH § , i¤ , ^ B ¡Ê='+ ckµ+ ·)+ ^= K^¤ h { E §B'+ NjcF^2 Ä^ . F R hh 7 RG+' ¢H I'R ±+ ed {E+ R N jc¤R C'±+ = LÊ §B %c { R E+ c H)+ R hB cHÍ D g¤ hR E+ K5c |F ° °c E+ c hH±+ c . ± g K¢; -Ç E jc=¢ Ï+ +L Í/'c.I L-y 8 ÉD'±+ jc=¢ Ï+ iEcG ,c µ+ ° Î R {µ+I gKR ^ {²+ jcHc E+ ¢Gc K KxE+ 9ct 8'±+I g¤R /)±+ 3M ^= R |K l¤1 zd´+ K6¢. Iy h K KxE+ 7c R E+ ^ |1 ckF ¢H E4 £ = N ckF {,'+ R EI ÅD'±+ c hH±+ :cB¢E+ jc>5cB ^ K ¥.+¢ E+ %c { R E+ %±(¢H R E ´+ ° Î dK ¥.+¢ E+ %c { R E+ fc {1 £ = Ky; fcd |E+ F R e0¢¨ +¢ByR }.I E4 +¢ = zd´+ ¥=6R ¢F R '+ ¢E Ky2&+ 9ct 8'+ g { 2 E^R F cF R H5I^, O ¤S =yK zd´+ 3c E L+y G g¤R Ec B ÉD'+ Ng Ky , gF^´+ ¡xH +I3R ±' gF¢ µ+ ¡xH JÅ E+ g=¢ Ï+ : jc=¢ Ï+I H^=c {. KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ gBy ¨ cF ^R 1 ·)+ ¥R { ²+ ¢ R E+ g 7c¤ 7 R h. L+4)+ ¤ t. -+3'+ c RG)+ g §h {µ+ jc=¢ n E ¤ ¬ %+y0)c, d 8'+ yF'±+I 5¢ . R g¤R ¤D ° y R E+ £ = Ånh 7 ¥R { ²+ ¢ R E g 7c¤ 7 yK¢ . R )cB -5^ E+ %c d, R h¤B ÂcRkE+ ed {E+ R cFR +' g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ R +' r05'±+ FI cH^=c {. ¥hE+ jc=¢ n E ¤ R<¢F ¤k® J^F F R qhR E+I h R F Ä^ . F R h. E {²+ ¥q¤q }E+I fcd |E+ %c §=' ±+ I'+ ^1+I ¥R { 0 M ¢G I'+ c¤ E+ g d R E+ c ¤ = y ¤ {. ¥hE+ R R ¥hE+ jc¤R C'±+ F I'+ Î R {µ+ F I'+ y2&±+ { ²+ F cD )+ c ¤R 7 ± h» N }t 8 ¦R ±' g {Gcnhµ+ jcF^´+ 5c h1±+ F N5^C ÅD'± :yR h. ¡M|² g G ª ¸+ U£¥ Ig ª 7 ¥E ngªJg H+ 0'+ £I Q L} ® b H+ ¶ kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> l U ¢I n} 8g, +4)+ #«¥l¢. £N'+L i H+ kUF5 '+bh. £N'+ #+4g E +¨ N ¼ ¤)+ # 6'gI ¶ Og F+L Og ª 1 Og Nb 9 ¤Lb=g ª 7 +¨JgG

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

%c §B)±cD g ¤R F R c F %+3'+ 0'+ F jc R<¢µ+ ·)+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ F pch¬ g¤R = ÉD'+ J¢h {F £ = 5¢DRxE+ %+5^µ+ cH3^R qK c F %+3'± R ¤<¢. ¯R +4)+ cFR +' -y 7'ÊE ¤ t. Ä^ . I'+ j+^¤ h {µ+ ·)+ g¤R }t |E+ lK3c1' ±c, R c RG'+ ° R 8 ÊB ¸chEc,I +Ç1+ gR , R Fc .I R .+5^ , th {. g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ R +' ¥ K ExB H^1I Lc §K'+ j+^¤ h {µ+ +Ç1+ F R . j+5c µ .cd/)+ ¯R N nR {, eEc .I Î R<¢ E LcdK5^. R . '+ ͤ hR E+ ° e>y. ¥hE+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ 'c 8 F uE)+ g ¤R F e 9c F ° ¥R { ²+ ¢ R E+ ^R ²+ º £ = g¤R § E+ ¡xH Ix2'cK ÅD'±+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+I ÎqGcµ+ F ^K^ E+ R +' lEcRkE+ ed {E+ R ^¤ K gd { R Ec, rR }K ± E4 R +' Í> Lc §K'+ g /c¼ Lg 7c¤ 7 dhR . '+ F ¢ RC¢hKI ¥R { ²+ ¢ R E g¤=+yF g 7c¤ 7 ¢ dhR K B g R F R '+ ±)+ ¥R { ²+ ¢ R E gL 7c¤ 7 Î`0ÊE+ I(¢ |E -^qhR µ+ ½'±+ g¤R :¢ F i :I Î1 ¥ B jc R µ+ ¤ ² R R / g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ F *cDy 8I ¤qGcF C¢F = h 7+ c H F E4 . ¶ 3I^1 Ê, %cdR ;'+ Ec ='+ 753'+ jcF^´+ ¢ h 7 Hc hdF £ = 7c R E+ }1 +4)cB '+^dF gE'c {F ¢H ¥R { ²+ ¢ R E+ R +' £ = } ¤B ,+yR E+ ed {E+ R R cFR +' yF'±+ ¤ ¬ R +' ^1'+ £ = £ tK ± =c :I'+ g ¤d; c B )+ ±)+ Hc hdF y G '+ c à ±I g¤R CÊ2'+I L±^= ÉD'+ Lc §K'+ -^=c {F g ¤ 7II E y R E+ J^1)+ ¢H ¥R { ²+ ¢R E+ 5¢ F F mfHa¸* L¦k H ¡H ©T ¶* ¦T G* ¥f® ©<¦G* |M¦ - ¡ tM ¨F fnH T f¨ M|D&* ´ Ò T G

ÔU¢ »+ -b=g » kUª»g H+ k U ¢»+ 7L53L¨ª. mª ª I'+ ,

O+5¨G4'+ Ô¢U »+ I kªU Ö+ kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ Ð2 £I Ô¢U »+ -b=g » kªU »g H+ k U ¢»+ Ig l. U« ¢¸+ ¨U¢H+ §g° «=¨H+ -3gN6 ½)+ tgl² ¦0L G'+ © = g¥ = 6gÄ)+ ªh 7 ¶L Og/gJ)+ ¡'+ +¨JgG Ë= ¾glU Hg,L kª ¢U H+L kªU =g l0·+ I+¨ Hg, K}U/'g. kª ªGL Og I g0}U H+L %g ¢U H+ :¨H Q ¥E ½)+ ¬'+ -+Lg »+ ¡bF © = -'+}»+L 0U}H+ ÐG ¨ 1 =3 £ É bUª¸+ ¥ H+ +|K ¡g H+ ¨ u,L 2 ½)+ n+¨¢ 7 qÐo, g0}U H+ -gª1 bU I £= kªIg¢U H+ LbU H+ ¶ %g ¢U H+ -gª1 bU I bN N kJ5g »g, £ É %g U¢H+ U¤'+ ¨;'·+ -gª¹+ «¢ . kh ¢, Ôl H+ ¨E %g U U¢H+ 3b= 3+3 ª 7 Q ËG'·+ I+5'·+ U¤'+ b1'+ © = © xN ·L N} 8 Ó> £I ª H ¬'+ I+5'gG ª H ËG'+ Ok 9}E g0U}H+ I Ok 9g2 U U£K3·L'· kªU hlU H+L + J·+L -b1¨H+ £¥0+¨N gI OghHg>L O+3Ub¿ t+L H F'+ Og 9}E £ É OgU¢ 7 k U ¢»+ k,}rlH Og ELL tL6 © = g¥H¨ u, h.}I -'+} H «=g l0·+ :¨H+ pª1 ng lÕ+ ¶ H|H k ×+ £U H+ £U K6Lg° >5 £ N ng¢U »+ £I bNb H+ mH+6 gI Ô¢U »+ -b=g » kªU »g H+ U Q «G kUN} 7'+ ngUªHL(¨ I ÔUH¨lN gI O-3g= U£¥E U£¥ J'g, ¨2b»+ U£¥¢ªI'g. L'+ ¡g U H+ U£¥0glJ)+ £= OÐ ­EL £U H+ ¶ Ô¢=g U H+ 9gx 8'·g, %g¢l=·+ U¤'+ ½)+ -5g 8)·+ 5b°L g»+ «¢0 £N}2&·+ k *g H+ 3+}E'· £ulNS 5¨Kbl.L §5Lb, U£ H+ ¶ Ë N U£¥ I U¤'+ I k *g H+ £ : %g U¢H+ .g= © = ÓhG Q , © SN +6 gI -bU l »+L khN} H+ -} 7'·+ £ : £Nb »+L © :}»g, %g¢l=ÐH kh ¢U Hg, }I'·+ lxN ·L ¦luU 9

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

¬U 5L} ­H+ £I ¦U J'+ gJ} 8 Ô¢U »+ -b=g » kªU »g H+ k U ¢ H ,glU H+ gª N}E'+ ¶ kªU ª F)·+ kª ¢lU H+ G}I ¶ U kUN5g l 7+ kG} 8 3¨¥r, gU¢ l 7+ ¾gUlHg, U« ¢¸+ ¨U¢ H kª=+}I g¢¿+}, ¸ 3¨¥¸+ £I bN »+ |, kªU Jg I)+ 75b.L k U ¢»+ g¥ hU . «lH+ kªU Hg¹+ sI+ËH+ ¶ } ¢. -Ó2'·+ §|K n'+bhE g¢ = ¶ g¢¥ª0¨lH Qn+L3'gG U« ¢¸+ ¨U¢H+ ¦ª0¨lH k=¨¢lI n+L3' + }N¨ . Uµ U / U« ¢¸+ ¨U¢H+ k 7gª H ÏG'+ g¥l,grl 7+ U §|K } J b¥, ¡gNU +' k/ÐoH = k 85L mN}0S'+ H4 b , sI+ËH+ khF+}IL n+} 8(U ¨»+L k E+b H g¥Hg l 7+ © = Ô U<¨»+ -5bF -3gN6L n+L3'·+ «lH+ ng 75g »+L n+b l »+ Óª . ½)+ k0g¹+ kUª K'+ +¨G53'gE Ô U<¨»+ g 7L'+ ¶ «=¨H+ k 85¨H+ n} J £I ng¢U »+L Ô¢U »+ -3g l 7+ ¨1 ¦ªh¢lU H+L kªU Ig ¢U H+ £I bN »+ ½)+ k0g¹+ £= OÐ ­E -'+}»+ U ¥. O·b= ÏG'+ Q , sI+ËH+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 3: Identifying the Real Problems and Needs

lFckF) ~ F)

g¥ ¥ ´) jc.c´)J Ec }¶) ^L^­

^K^ E+ i O 0 ^C RG+' hÐ+ F g¤R ¤ ³+ jc0c³+I Dc |µ+ ^K^¬ Iy |µ+ g 1 F ·I'±+ j+¢ ´+ R §h. ^ h . c¼R L±c hD+ R C'+ ¢ . ^C jcF¢ µ+ ¡xH R '+ Í> B ^Ky. c R = -^¤R 0 L-y B ® i O qd 9'+I jcF¢ µ+ F ° R c :)+ N^ d, 3IzK ' R + jcF¢ E 8c R E+ ²+ ° Ky® 'c 8 F

É= g ,U 5 g£ 0 k¨U ¨GL g£¨H)+ tgl° ©lH+ ngI¦ ¹+ ©K gI U 2 »L'µ+ -¦ ¸+ ©G5g . © N5 U U Q ¨¨ . L'+ ng0gu H Q}Nb . g G'±+ F cHÍ>I g¤R F¢ 1 Í> Ng R F F M KyB h K Î1 E4I LÊ h {F Lc;c |G jc0c³+ yK^ . Åh K cF LcdEc> N ¤R » I'+ Nv+¢D'+ g K^F ° %+¢ 7 5Ic¹ N c F ° K^0+¢hF I^¤ h {µ+ cD +4)+ cFR '+ K^¤ h {µ+ g By, Lc=¢d 7'+ ¥ § ¤E }¤ }t. F g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R E g¤R ¤.IyR E+ jc;c | R E+ : g=¢ Ï+ jcF¢ µ+ p5^. '+ 3R ¢. R B Î`0ÊE F g R F Ng Ky , jcF¢ µ+ 0I 3+yB'±+ I'+ jÊ*c E+ § , -5cK6 ° ¢d 7'+ R D y }= %c § E c ,R 5 Î /+ Î R<¢F g ¤ 7 N { 7'+ £ = g d µ+ c .+5+yC ° g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R F ^ h {h 7 µ+ +xH

L'U µ+ u ¹+ ´ ng0g·+ }Nb . kU¨ = v¨ :¦. U³

¡IL k¨I¦ ·+ Ñ> k U ¹+ t5g2 %+É2 ¡I ngI¦ ¹+ 0)+ k¨JgUoH+ -¦ ¸+ U b¶+ ¾ § = £IÎG |2' + § = 9}1+L ¡Nb¨ l ¹+ R %+Å2 F gD+y |Ec, jc0c³+ yK^ . jc ¤R = %+y0)+ à c H F g FcD N-Åt, g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F gKR +' hR h. ± R ^C y E+ g |¨ Lc R h F i D +4)cB g 9c2 R NjcDy 8 I'+ g¤R F¢ 1 e.c F ° ¢ K Lc 9ct 8'+ %±(¢H ¢ K ^C Ky2&+ r05'±cB :+yF'±+I gq }Ec, L |E+ ° R c R h F i D +4)+ cFR +' cF N y }F F -Í }E+ jcDy R R N Ídt, gGc h 7±+ ° e>y. g ¤ 1 M-¢ 2 9ct 8'±+ %±(¢H F jcD+y |E+ %c dB Î ¤R Ð+ gq }E+ ¥ R<¢F Í |h {. '+ R R £ = i }1 )+ en . ÊB jÊ |µ+ c |hD+ gR¤ = ° Lc 8cG L+5I3 K^¤ h {µ+ jc=¢ ¹ F ¦3R (¢. '+ à N c ;'+ F jcF¢ µ+ gKR ¢,yhR E+ jc0c³+ ¦I4 £Rh1 I'+ g¤R { G Dc |F ¢Gc K N 9ct 8'+ I'+ y E+ F g ,c {E+ +I6Icª R '+ 3R ¢. K'+ I'+ # .Ê |F ¥H cF gFǺI -5x1 Ng Ky , hE'c 7 +4)cB ÎC¢ µ+ R Lc ,c 7 Î R {µ+ g 9c´+ R c ¤E)+ ¥ }. '+ R qh {. y G jc 0I £R hh 7 #+4cµI |¤ .

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

ΨG4*¦G ´ 4f <(µ* ,2f<(* K| H fnH

I t5gº+ ¶ OÐhF ='+ m¢G © 7¨H+ gª N}E'+ ¶ QkHL3 2+3 kUª¢;L kUªI¨ 1 Ó> k U ¢I ½)+ « lJ'+ Ô1 yH)+ M} H OgF}1L O+5gI3L OÐlFL kªU K'+ Og,}1 ¬b , ¦ªE b¥ 8 QmFL ¶ kªU »g= kªU I¨ 1 Ó> k U ¢I b¥. kUªI¨ 1 Ó> Ok U ¢I n'g J'+ %ÐI6 k 2 I ¤Lg UlHg,L «¢;L ½)+ nb= O+3Ub¿ ¡Ð H+ U U 1 ¥.¨ª, +Lb E bF +¨JgG £Nb*g H+L Ô 1U }»+ £I bNb H+ U¤'+L g ªU 7 · 6g¢»+ 5g =)+ -3g=)+ ½)+ Og 7g 7'+ -3g=)+ L} I N¨ lH O+3+b l 7+ g¥,g ¹ ='+ m¢G «lH+ kUª»g H+ kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> k U ¢»+ nb,'+ bFL -bªU 0 k U º+ mJgG g1 ¶ 5g =)·+ O·L'U + H+ gI g lG·+ ½)+ Qk0gu, g¢U G «U G5g . «U N5 Q ªª . %+}0)+ © = kªHL'U ·+ g¢.¨ 2 m J U OgUN3g lF+ Og»g= ÔUª À %+Ë2 k ,5'+ g ¥¢I [ G U ­N Ô N}E g¢ U E £K+U}H+ :¨ H kh U¢Hg, g l0+ ¼g=L kªU 7g 7'·+ kªU u H+ kNg=}U H+ ¶ O+Óh2 kN| . Óh2L kªU N}U H+ kª ¢lU H+ ¶ Og xlIL U Q-}*+3 ª x. Uµ ¤'+ phH gIL U«G5g UlH+ U« N}H+ ªª lH+ ¶ Og=¨h 7'+ ¡+3 QiN5blH ¤g N} H+ ­2 ªª lU H+ %+}0)+ b , gK}N¨ .L -}*+bU H+ sI3 -3g=)· k U 2 N} H+ +|K ¨ N ¤'+ © = N}E U H U G Ô.}*+3 ¨ Õ+ ,L ¡6ÐH+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

*)yF) ~ F)

Chapter 4:

¥ thF)

Planning

D¢ 7 c §E ¤ thR E+ R / Iy |µ+ +xH ¡xR K '+ enK cF yKy . £ = Iy |µ+ g 1 F g¤EchR E+ j+¢ ´+ } . R g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R F cK(I5 Lc F { . ¥hE+ j+y 8(R ¢µ+I :+y>'±+I +^H'±+ 5c¤h2c, C cH^ | . ¥hE+ g 0¢E+

:+}>'µ+L +bK'µ+ 3bU 1 ¨ xlU Hg, '+b,+L L} ¹+ b£N R µ)+ 5}U F koHgUoH+ -¦ ¸+ ng;g H+L U ΨG4*¦G ´ 4f <(µ* ,2f<(* K| H fnH Ð2 £I 9gx 8'·+ -gª1 M¨l I Ô ul, ЪH5+¨H ¶ k Ig H+ kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> k U ¢»+ gN(L5 « ­ . Ô ´ ¨K N¨ U H+ Mb»+ © = gN(LU}H+ b¥H+ ¤gG ЪH5+¨H « E kUªluUlH+ ©¢hH+L 5g =)·+ N5g I }I'·+ gJ} 1 gI +4)+L kªU lulU H+ ©¢hH+L 6g¢»+ 5g =)+ -3g=)+ Ë= kNU 3g H+ -gª¹+ g¢dl 7+ £I k=g ¸+ kUª 7g 7'+ :+}>'+ k/Ð/ 9Ðxl 7+ £ É O+bNb² ÏG'+ 7gª ® } »+ 7¨I ¨ u, ª ¸+ 0'+ £I 5g I'ÐH Q¡Lg I Q 7 %g J)+ ¨h I Q5gª I EL kªU 7g 7'·+ kªU lulU H+ ©¢hH+ 5g =)+ -3g=)+ g¥¢I O+% 0 L} »+ Ël . «G khF+}»+L ªh UlH+L ª xUlH+ ¶ k=g ¸+ Ô ­. gJgN(L5L i 7g¢l. ¦ :+}>'+L L} »+ bK U¤'+ gJ} 8 H4 %+6)+ n+} 8(U ¨»+

NjcKc> ·)+ jc;c | R E+I :+y>'±+ § , ¢ { K R G)cB s¢ :¢, :+y>'+I B^H K5c |µ+ %+5^F § , y K Î1 R Í {. '+ r05'±+ B ^¤R 0 N¢qG £ = Nj+y 8(R ¢ D i¤ hP G+ ¥hE+ jc;c | R E+ x¤ . ¯R +4)cB -Í 9 g¤R ¤k® Nj+y 8(R ¢F I'+ x¤ hR E+I 7c¤ E LÊ,cC y 8(R ¢F R D ¢ K '+ -5Iy : ·)+ -5c 8)±+ 5^ªI Lc §K'+ c E R » ¢H c D Jy2'±+ y 9c E+ ¢ :¢µc, g ¤/I g 9 £ =I

¨ xlH+ k r 8 U ¨ = ´ kG5g ¹+ § = ¡Nb¨ l ¹+ U U k ,+}H+ -¦ ¸+ U ,c {E+ } E+ F R ¬ 1 ° jc 75c µ+ §B'+ ¥H cF y . '+ ¤ = . '+ ^Ky. cµ ¤ tRhEc, '+^d. Î1 R ¤ thR E+ F L+%z0 jc 75c µ+ §B'+ ^tK c¨ %c dE+ cD ʤE5+¢E ° ed {E+ +x E R ΨG4*¦G ´ 4f <(µ* ,2f<(* K| H fnH k¢¸ nb0+¨. }*+LUbH+ Mb1)+ ¶ Ô =gE %gG} G k=g ¸+ Ô ­. © = kªHgUlH+ g¢.¨ 2 m J U g¥.b=g IL k¢rU H+ §|K =3 gJ35'gE g¢ I ¤Lg lU H gK3+b l 7+ nb,'+ bFL -}*+bU H+ kª ¢lH k 8gJ M}2'·+ -}*+UbH+ ¶ ­x. mJgG k¢rU H+ U¤'+ Ó> g¥.+5bF N . ¾gUlHg,L g¥,5g° £I U UlH+ © = n¨ªhH+ bªª . £I £Nbª l »g, U ulU H+ Lguª 7 ¦UJ'+ Ogu :+L +bhE ¦.} 7'+L ª= U H+ £I ÓhG Q U ulH ¥¢I U¬'+ £I §gª»+ ª,L -bNb¸+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

g ¥UJ)+ kª ¢lU H+ «l¢r H ªF kªHglU H+ k N} U Hg, §|K kªU ;+} ÉbU H+ Ó> k¢rU H+ k I ½)+ }U lU H+ µU |ª ¢. g.3+5'+ g1 ¶ n+5+} H+ 4gxU.+ g¥lU ¥I 5g =)·+ -3g=)· kUª=}E k¢¸ ª . ½)+ k0gu, g G kªU ¢/)·+L kªU ¢¸+ ¥.gªU 2 £= OÐ ­E Og h I %g ­='·+ 3b= bNb² U lE g ¥ª.}*+3 ¶ L} »+ iªHg 7'+ n3UbS1 bFL OgUª x 8 L} »+ £I +Lbª l N £H ¥UJ'g, O+}N|² kUª=} H+ k¢rU H+ %g ­='+ ©U . Og ­N'+ Og h I ng=+ ¢U H+ ­E U

k U ¸+ ´ -b¨U ¶+ ng 75g ¹+L k¨U Eg H+ sI3 k Ig¸+ -¦ ¸+ U ° cH4ctR.+ ¥ d K ¥hE+ jc 75c µ+ §B'+ 'c |, Lcq :+I ¢ . '+ µ+ F . '+ ^Ky. cµ ¤ thR Ec, '+^d. Î1 ¤ thR E+ F L+%z0 jc 75c µ+ §B'+ oF3 cD ʤE5+¢E ° ,c {E+ } E+ }qB) + |E+ 5Ic 7 +4) + 1 R R ΨG4*¦G ´ 4f <(µ* ,2f<(* K| H fnH ªh UlHg, -} 8gh»+ hF Ó ­uUlH+L ª xUlH+ £I Óo H+ ½)+ k0g¹+ m=3 U«G5g UlH+ U« NU}H+ ªª UlH+ b , bFL Ôl ¢»+ gl G ¶ ¤g H+ bªN' gl, glª 1 ªª lU H+ £I OgFÐ J+ k=g ¸+ kª ¢lH Ôl U 2 ª . U lE U ©¢hH+ g¥ª . £Gg »+ ÔI'g. ½)+ ¨=b. Ô.}*+UbH+ gl G ¶ k0g¹+ U¤'+ £= U«G5g UlH+ « NU}H+ ªª UlH+ G kUª*+bl,·+ 75+b»+ ­ , £= OÐ ­E kUª 7g 7'·+ ku H+ n& g ¢IL §gª»+ ¤L x G kUª 7g 7'·+ kUªluUlH+ U K3·L'· 75+b»+ %g J)+ 0'+ £I Ô.}*+bU H+ gl G £I ¤g H+ gK+b,' + «lH+ kNU ¨ H+ khHg »g, gJ'g0g . bFL U %M3gh»+ ­ , ghU.+ Ë= H4L º+ £ : ng 75g »+ ­E'+ sI3 © = g¢ 9}1 ¡+LbU H+ © = g¥J¨u NL ¥H6g¢I %g¢, kªU ªG 7g¢U H+ } N «G OgªU À k l I ngªU ¢ . g¢Ibxl 7+ 6g¢ H Og ª . g¢ :L +|¥H kdªhH+ © = «U h H+ F¨H+ i ¢U rlJL kªU Ö+ 35+¨»+ «=+}J ¤'+ g¢HLg1 U g G g¥U G -5LgÕ+ 5gr 8'·+ F g¢K}G g¢UJ'+ ½)+ O+} J kUª Ö+ jg 2'·+ £I Óo H+ © = l N · yH)+ ­ª1+}»+ F+¨I ¤'g , O+bU 0 £N5|1 g¢U G g¢ U<L g G ¥ldh .L £Nbª l »+ bNbulH k0}¹+ 1+}»+ 0'+ £I ÔUª À Og 9gx 8'+ g¢Ibxl 7+ t5gº+ £I ÔªU ¢ . %+Ë2

ΨG4*¦G ´ 4f <(µ* ,2f<(* K| H ´ j¨T Df G* fnH T

m lH+ b E H+ -} 8ghI hF kªHgUlH+ } U Hg, kªEg H+ %g¢, kHLgÀ © = kªHg U UlH+ g¢.¨ 2 ¢. U £ÛI ËG'·+ bÛªÛ ÛlÛ »+ ¨ÛK £ÛI ©Û Û= gÛ ÛU.ÐÛH kÛªU ÛI¨Û ¹+ Ó> kÛ Û U Û¢»+ ÛI ÔlÛªU Û=}Û Û H+ ÔlÛÛ¢Û rÛ U Û H+ gÛÛlÛ Û G ªÛÛ Û Û . Ë= gÛÛUI)+L 6gÛÛ¢»+ 5gÛÛ Û =)+ -3gÛÛ =)· ÛÛ Û Û Û ÛH+ ¶ -bÛÛ =gÛÛ »+ «ÛÛ U Û Û Û Û. ÐÛÛ 2 £ÛÛ I gÛÛ UI)+ L}ÛÛ »+ © = g KbNb²L } H+L ­H+ U k053 ¬'+ 5gªl2·+ ¬5gª I © = g U.·+ U lE g ¥.g=¨EbI §|K k>gª 9 mU´ }I'·+ kNg¥J ¶ ng ­l I U£¥J'+ © = n¨ªhH+ ngU,5 %g U¢H+ m U¢ 9 go»+ ªh 7 S Ôl=g ¸+ gl G £I M'+}I © = gK} JL ÓNg »+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

g o¨1 O+5L3 ¢Lb¨ l ¹+ ª3U (¦N p¨1 QkhF+}I g J 5¦; U k 73g H+ -¦ ¸+ U H4 ¢¦ ¨ l N ΨG4*¦G ´ 4f <(µ* ,2f<(* K| H fnH Ôl¢rU H+L kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> g¢l U ¢I Ô, Q g l0+ U < ¶ H4 M}0 bFL khF+}»+ k 1}» g¢ U 2 H4 b , g¥ªE g® *g »+ £I O+3b= g¢ Fg¢E 5g =)·+ -3g=)· ÔlUª=} H+ #k ­l »+ ng=¨ Õ+ ½)+ J g¢U G ¤)+ } J gJg = ªG #g¥ . ¤'+ k=g ¸+ U3¨. «lH+ ¡Ub UlH+ kIÐ= «K gI N¨ UlH+ UF¨. b¢= L} »+ ng;g J Ó 7 © = Eg² «G ¦ . ¤'+ kUª=} H+ k¢rU H £ É ¬|H+ gI #ÔEÍÖ+ -53g IL g¥¢IL g¥ ­ , k¢rU H+ %g ­='+ wÍF+ n+} 8(U ¨»+ £I Q3b= 3g l=+ © = g¢ U.+ k Fg¢»+ §|K £I OgFÐ J+ } 7'·+ U G Ô ­. Uµ bF ¤gG ¤)+ U ullH Q-}*+3 U G Pk=¨ ¿ 5L l 7 |ª ¢UlH+ %b, £I Q}¥ 8 b , OÐ E k ­l »+L -Ó H+ ¡g lJg, 3·L'·+ £I kNU ÏG'+ gK3g.Í 7 k 75b»+ vlE £I }¥ 8'+ klU 7 b , m U lE kªU 7g 7'·+ ngI¨ »+ ¸ kªU HL(¨ »+ U ² © = m E+L bF 5g =)·+ -3g=)· kªU =} H+ k¢rU H+ mJgG £I Q ¨¢, kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> g¢l U ¢I ¡¨ . ¤'+ © = g¢ U.+ g G g¥.b=g » kI6ÐH+ n+5g l 7·+ k>gª 9 khF+}»+ kªU = © = +} 8)·+

N¦ lH+ ÒI' g. k ,g H+ -¦ ¸+ U U ΨG4*¦G ´ 4f <(µ* ,2f<(* K| H fnH Ó> k U ¢»+ ¬'+ b1+L Q vJgI © = b l J g¢l, b E gJ35+¨I mE ¢l 7+ «lH+ j}¹+ b , J g U¢G gU» O-ÍE mF} l 7+ N¨ lU H+ © = k E+¨»+ kªU = U¤'+L g ªU 7 · Óx, } hN · +|K U ¤'+ Ó> kªU »g H+ kªU I¨ ¹+ U Q 1 -Í , U}´ mJgG gª N}E'+ 7L sIgJ}, £= kHL(¨ »+ U¤'+ U« 7g 7'+ Q , H4 U3}IL ¡6ÐH+ £I ¨;'+ Ó> k U ¢»+ « U<¨I ­E'+ b1'+ 5¨ 8 ½)+ M3U '+ g U }¥ 8'+ k ,5'· H+ kN+b, n}2U 'g. ¾glU Hg, -Ó = 53g>L ÏG'+ Eb. Ok ª<L b0¨E »g, kUªI¨ ¹+

gG6+¢µ+ 3+^=)+ ¢1 } E+I K¢ hR E+ ¢1 } E+ '+yC)+ jcF¢ µ+ F ^Kz E

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

g¤R Ð+ 5cn 8'±+ F Ík E+ C ¦3c . F g¤R Ð+ jc¤R hR E+ £ = L+3c h=+ 6c µ+ ¤ }.

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

|Gcµ) ~ F)

Chapter 5:

¥d hF)

Implementation

¤, F L'+ L} ¹+ hU ; ¨ xlU H+ +|K U G b , ¢&µ+L k IgUoH+ -¦ ¸+ +4)+I N¢qG {1'+ £ = ¤ thR E+ g¤R = jz¾'+ ^C i D c1 ° g¤R d {G NgE¢ {, z¤R h. '+ ¤d hR E+ g¤R E à K¢ RhE+ y2R 'c. ¥H Lc=¢¤ 8 ÉD'±+ Dc |µ+ R EI %¢ {. '+ F ^R , ± y 9c E+ § , R +' Í> Lc §K'+ R ³+ Ec1 6&cµ+ ¡xH R D x2'cK '+ ¤ thR E+ £ = c H F { R E+ -%+35I c R E+ Î, ¥ | hµ+ :yµ+I j+z¤ n hR E+ y2R c' .I R ¢ ³+ 3cnK)+ ° LcCÊ2 ¢ . '+ ¤ B Dc |µ+ '+y . cF^ = cRF+' 5cdh=±+ Î , g hÐ+ ΨG4*¦G ´ 4f <(µ* ,2f<(* K| H fnH ng;g U¢H+ £I ÔU ¥I Ô=¨¢, g¢=L} I Ul´ ªh UlHg, kªHgUlH+ g¢.¨ 2 m ­F O+Ó2'+ H+ %b, I gK%g¢, +Lbª N ¤'+ £Nbª l H £ É 6g¢I ËG'·+ g¥ F ¶ g ='·+ £I ½L'·+ k=¨ Õ+ m U : ¢ ªE mªhH+ HgI © = OghN} . g¥U G %g¢hH+ kUªHL(¨ I lE }KgI %g¢, Ig= -b=g ® L'+ ¥ J'g, g¢l U ¢I kªU HL(¨ I } u¢. g ªE -ÓhG O-5g¥I iU l. · «lH+ g ='·+ U G r¢NL I}U H+ rNL iH+¨ H+ -} 7'+ U H kUªHgI -b=g I 0L H+ 3+¨IL m¢ 7) ·gG %g¢hH+ 3+¨I ª . © = kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> U k=g 0 U H k ,gUlH+ n&g ¢»+ ¬'+ Lg I ½)+ tgl² «lH+ . mU ­E g ='·+ £I kªJgUoH+ k=¨ Õ+ gUI'+ H+ +|K Lg »+ Ä'+ kªU *+bl,+ k 75bIL «U u 9 Q G}IL §gªI ¤L Á £I ª F Q5+b I ½)+ ¨=b. k0g¹+ mJgG gU E Gg »+ £I P3b= 'g ¢N ¤'+ U« ªh U H+ £I ªh UlH+ k 1}I Ð2 gI £ H kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> g¢l U ¢I ½)+ kI6ÐH+ k¢u H+ §|K g 75) + µU %g¢hH+ £I kªU HL'·+ 1+}»+ Ð2 m¢ 7)·+ U k Nb, 53g I © = 5¨o H+ } l 7+ H|H OkrªlJ U«I¨ 1 Q L} I ½)+ kUªh U¢H+ k ¹+ §|K N¨² U Uµ ¤'+ phH g¥ 7g 1 ÔlªU =} H+ Ôl¢rU H+ Mb1)+ ¤+b E ½)+ M3U +' g %g¢hH+ k ª = m U F ¨. H4 ¤¨ ­> ¶ mF¨H+ £I O g ­ , U U n+5gN , ¡gª H+ iU . H4 U G +¨I'·+ m l2+ bF kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> g¢l U ¢I U¤+' k *g 8 n} 7L g¥=gEbJ+L O+3Ub¿ H+ g¢dl 7+ 5g lJg, ngUN¨¢ »+ E}H -5U} lI L} »+ ½)+ O+Ó 9 Og hI Eb. ¤'+ gIU )+ -} 7'+ U G © = ¤g E k=g ¸+ (Lg . M}2'·+ Gg »+ £IL U¤'+ Ó> H4 |ª ¢lH +¨=¨ . 7g U U¢H+ U¤'+ vP ªu 9 g¥.¨ª, %g¢, ¶ k ­l »+ } 7'·+ b=g . ¤'+ gUI)+L b = µU OghN} . L} »+ g,5'+ k/Ð/ «U ­I b ,L ¡6ÐH+ mF¨H+ ª x. ¶ E ¥¢I bNb H+ ¬|H+ H+ 6gÄ)· kUª*g¥J k ¥I K(Lg =)+ U lE ¥.gh0+L |ª ¢. £= Ô U xl»+ I %M5g; Q g l0+ 7 ¥lªhH ¤¨ N £H ·)+L ¦, +Lb=L ¬U 5L} ­H+ £I ¤g E 5g I' ·+ 7¨I %g¢/'+ n¨ªhH+ %g¢, £I kªU *g¥¢U H+ k 1}»+ n Ä+S' n+Ó2'glU H+ §|K ih , U S Ä+' H|H OkrªlJ i 7g¢»+ b=¨»+ ¶ ¨ H+ %g¢, U U lN «G ¥h.+L5 E3L ÔUªEg :)+ ÔHLg I © = 5¨o H+ ¦H m 2 «lH+ k*5g U H+ kJ6+¨»+ G ¥l 7+ g G ¦H U ×+ b=¨»+ £I }¥ 8'+ k/Ð/ b , L} »+ U S U

¡M|² # L} »+ -}NbI g¥l¥0+L «lH+ ËG'·+ qÐUoH+ ªh lU H+ nÐ I mJgG gI #g¥lU 1 ªG #k 9gº+ lEg / ½) + } U¢Hg, g¥ J k N} U Hg, g¥U ulH m¢G'+ U

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 6: Monitoring and Evaluation

51c |F) ~ F)

¥¥ hF)J gdD)y¶)

iF+5 k 7glU H+ -¦ ¸+ 9ct 8'±+ ¤n |h, c h¤R Ec B c §E y R E+ J^1)+ ¥ § . ¤ thR E+ g 1yF F %N znD gdC+yµ+ '+^d. ¤D i O 1± '+ h=c h 7cdB ʤE5+¢E ° 5c =)±+ -3c=)+ Iy |F ° gD5c |µ+ £ = Iy |µ+ F K^¤ h {µ+I F . KxE+ gdC+yµc, g¤R E+ ¡xH £ R {P. gB^ h {µ+ jc=¢ Ï+ F c .3^R 1 ¥hE+ j+y 8(R ¢µ+ £ = %L c , Iy |µ+ gdC+yF ° I^=c {K j+¢ 9'±+ 6yB ¢ ¤Õ ÕhÕ {K Õ ÕE ¢Õ¤R ÕF'+ ¥R ÕD5cÕ |ÕhR ÕE+ ¥R Õ ÕKyR ÕE+ Õ¤Õ¤Õ ÕhR ÕE+ gÕ¤R Õ Õ Õ= ° 9cÕtÕ 8'±+ R '+ cÕ Õ ÕB gÕ¤R ÕD5cÕ |ÕhR ÕE+ jÊn {E+ 1I gdC+yµ+ à ExD c ¤n {.I R khF+}»+ N} .

·)+ Jy2'+ N-5cd , E Lc R » cD F 9c³+ ^R hE+ gG5c F F 5¢F'±+ jcKy¹ F yR h {µ+ R qRhE+ ¥ . gdC+yµ+ # .Í {F ° Lc1c¾ R ¬ J^F ¦R +' khF+} H k lÁ jgh 7'+

+I3^R ¬ R / gdC+yµ+ I^Ky. +4cµ +I5yR . '+ %+5^µ+I iG'+ ¤ = Iy |F R EI gR¤F¢ 1 Í> Ng R F R E gd {R Ec, ¤D +L Í2'+I c G¢ ª ¤D +I5yR . R / .c0cq, g¤B+¢E+ jcF¢ µ+ FR ¢( h 7 ¥hE+ jÊn { E £G3'±+ 5+^ µ+ R . '+ à c hR¤ H'± L+y GI -yRB¢hµ+ -5+3)±+ j+I3'+ R H'+ J^1)+ ¥H gdC+yµ+ R +) gªcR E+ jcF¢ µ+ ¢F^th {h 7 %+5^µ+ %±(¢H c F^th {K ¶ c1 ° I'+ %+5^µ+ ·)+ g }Ð+ jcF¢ µ+ }. ¶ c1 ° E Iy |µ+ F £ hR 1 R L%cdH 3¢ Ï+I cµ+I iC¢E+ ¤ §¤ {B

¨F U -} 8g H+ -¦ ¸+ ^¤ dE+ J^µ+ £ = :+y>'±+ ° y R E+I 0+yhR E+ IcqK R E :+y>'±+ ¢ , J^F gdC+yµ+ c D ¤¤ hR E+ }q K R +' ·)+ -5c 8)±+ F ^K^qhR E+ F ^Kzµc, ¤¤ hR E+ z¤R hK #g |µ+ =Iy |F y¤R ¤ 7 H #r¤q }E+ Ky R E+ {. H R ·)+ Ng0cq, i {E RG+' ·)+ -5c 8)±+ 5^ª ¤¤ hR E+ ^ = g¤EchR E+ ÍKc µ+ 5c B'±+ § , ^th {. -Íd E+ jc R µ+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R F : ¤ thR E+I Í . g Ky; r¤ . ·)+ pch¬ ^C E c R D ÍKc µ+ ¡xH +^th 7+ g¤R µc E+ jcq }µ+ BI ÅD'+ Ng R F g,5c F ·)+ pch¬ ^C E4 = Lc :¢= E4 ·)+ gBc :)±c, ªª UlH+ ¶ kIbxl I ÓNg I k/Ð/

jc0c³+I Dc |µ+I e 7c h. Iy |µ+ :+y>'+ iGcD )+ 'c 7)+ R H'±+ ¢H 5c¤ µ+ +xH R E ¨ :¨»g, k H+ kFg/L U £ = jÊ |µ+ R 1 £ = ^=c {. ± ¥hE+ jc;c | R Ec, -y 8cdµ+ {E+ F L cd 7c F Iy |µ+ ed 7 cD )+ Lc R 1 R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

g {Fc´+ i¬ c ;'±+ Î, Î.IÅE+ j+y 7 ° NgKx . %¢ 7 j±c1 g¤R q }E+ K5c |µ+ ^1' + |hD+ ckµ+ ¤d 7 R c ;'ÊE gd {R Ec, LcR¤ 7c 7'+ LcFc ; {¤E ¢HI {´+ 5z, Î R RKIy E+ c C)+ IcqK ¢HI gCc R E+ F +L ÍdD +L 5+^ F G'cB i h2+ '+ +¢F'±+ ikdE cFI g¤R Ð+ +¢ 7'±+ ° Lc 7c 7'+ ¤, £hR 1 ¢ }Ð+ 0 ¯R )+ cFI -5¢Dxµ+ gEc³c, Î,c }µ+ c |R E+I g |µ+ Î, Ne 7c . F K ¶ ¸cRhEc, gRKy 7'±+ gG6+¢µ+ : B g E+ g D gBc :)+ cRF'+ :+y>'+ ¢ , ° r¾ ^C Iy |µ+ cD )+ gR¤Ec E+ R qh. k H+ pª1 £I kUªHg H+ r¾I R » Iy |µ+ dR.+ +4)cB 3¢ Ï+I iC¢E+I cµ+ F ¢ F 5N +^ F ,c F Iy |µ+ x¤ . F R qhR E+ c G'c 8 r¤ hR E+ ° y 8'+ g/Ê/ £ §F'+I g¤R G+^¤F -5cK6 g*cF Iy |µ+ xR G +4)+ E L±c R B +x ¤1 Åh K ; g*c { 2 r¤ h, g E+ l¤1 F L±c R B +x ¤1 Åh K B Í> ± ¥ h K '+ ^ , m^qK cF ° gF+^h 7±+ y . # ¥.+RxE+ %c hD±+ ^K+zhD 2^hR E+ ^ , g *+3 ^*+¢B F H kI+bl 7·+ j+^=c {µ+ RC¢. ^ , £hR 1 gE¢ F R N-^R µ c hG±+ £ = ¢d<+¢K I^¤ h {µ+ cD )+ R qhhB Iy |µ+ ΨG4*¦G K| H f k 6* fnH b , kH¨Â k U Uª»g= kUªI¨ 1 Ó> k U ¢I ¦.}0'+ bFL ªª . %+}0)g, L} H kªEg :)·+ -¨ º+ m ­F gJ} J k¥0L £I h l H 7L5bU H+ 9Ðxl 7+ k U ¢»+ n3+5'+ L} »+ %g¥lJ+ © = }¥ 8'+ k/Ð/ b H §3¨¢, ¶ k Kg »+ © = gJ5+} 9)+ ¡b= «K ªª UlH+ ¶ MË H+ ­H+ k J mJgG k U Uª Ö+ k U ¢»+ Ó> k ­l »+ ng=¨ Õ+ ½)+ kIbW »+ -b=g »+L k=g ¸+ kG5g I «K L} »+ -¨F g J U ¤'+ g¢h 1 U £I m ªH §|KL kUªHg»+ k ª H+ k H+ pª1 £I kUªHg Hg, g Uª 7 · g»g, OgIg lK+ ÏG'+ mJgG 3¨¢hH+ U¤'+ gJb='+ b E 9gº+ g¢ ªª lH kh ¢U Hg, gIU '+ -b*+ U H+ ng ¢U H+L n+Ó2'glU H+ U G ih , L} »+ -¨F g J U U ng1Ð 9)+ £UI(¨.L %g»+ 0'+ £I g»+ ° mJgG kUª=} H+ ¤grU H+ U¤+' g¢ lG+L k¢ 7 b , M} H+ -5gN6 O+bU 0 OgªU ,grN)+ H4 g¢H +bhE §gª»+ n+3+bI)+L 6g¢»+

¡M|² #kI+bl 7·+L ¨ :¨»g, k H+ kFg/L ¬5g ­I ¶ O +bUª0 Og1gÄ 6}uN L} »+ +|K U¤'+ U£ .'+ U

k¨=g®5µ+ ngI¦ ¹+ bF ¨ x lH+ ¡I k¨Hg lH+ kH¦¶+ ´ -} = kN3g·+ -¦ ¸+ U U U U k xl ¹+ 7L5b H kh Hg, U U ¤ thR E+ F g¤EchR E+ gE¢²+ ° g } th {µ+ 7I5^R E gd { R Ec, g¤R =cª5±+ jcF¢ µ+ Ä^ h, -Í2'±+ -¢ ´+ ¥ § . ΨG4*¦G K| H f k 6* fnH k xl »+ 7L5bU H+ k 0+}» = k 85L kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> g¢l U ¢I mIgF'+ 9gº+ g¢ ªª . %+}0) + b , U kUª»g= kuJgI k U ¢I £I }2&+ Og x 8L g¢l U ¢I t5g2 £I Ô¢/)+ £NÓh2 gJ¨=3 bF gU¢G ЪH5+¨H £I 5L3 %+3'+ £NbNb= Q 9gx 8'+ £I i S; «¢KU|H+ H+ £N} l, g¢ FL }E © = g¢=U6¨. Ô :}= b , gU¢G gU ÏG'+ ÔH¨ »+ I g¢ Ig .L £Nbª l »+ I g¢lG5g I gJb lJ+ H|H O krªlJ ¤g ª H+ «IgÀ U U ÓhG Q I © = gKg¢hlG «lH+ k xl »+ 7L5bU H+ £I 3P b= g¢NbH }UE¨. 5g¥¢U H+ kNg¥J ¶L O-3g= ¢H ¤gK4'·+ ¶ Ok Hg= © h. «G U« 7g 7'·+ g¢hl I ¶

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 7: What Best Practice Means

*c |F) ~ F)

jc 53c ¶) ¨C%c* 1£ ~ ¶)

# H kh U Hg, ng 75g ¹+ «E'+ ©K gI jc 75c µ+ §B'+ yHc F ^ h . j+Å´+ ¢d {h KI g¤ hR E+ ¢ 1 F N 1 R D ° ¢ K 7c R E+I i 2 N IyC x F 5^ª c¤ KyB'+ f¢ 0 ° m+^1'±+ sy {F K LcKR ^ {0 ÎC¢ µ+ F E+ = ¡cG3' + ¤R dµ+ ckµ+ ¥ B gEc³+ g ¤d; £ = R ¥ B £ ='+ ÍKc µ+ Åh . ¸chR Ec,I Jy2'±+ +^ dE+ F +L 5¢ . ÉD' + R E R M h» ¦R 3c }hC±+ :¢E+ R +' ·)+ -5c 8)±+ J¢h {µ+ cD c F E -c¤³+ ^¤C £ = %c dE+ ° K^ µ+ -^=c {F ¥H g1chµ+ -^¤1¢E+ g 75c µ+ Åh . ^C y2&+ N c F &+ ° g ¼I g R F M-¢ ´ -¢ E+ e {DI ¥.+xE+ +Ç1±+ %c , £ = K^¤ h {µ+ -^=c {F R c) B ¦3c }hC±+ R N +^0 ^ , j5yR C / c 1 ° jc 75c µ+ §B'+ Åh K cF gKR ^n, i 753 ^C g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R F iGcD +4)+ g;c {, R , c ¤ 0 g`¤ E+ -Å2 i Hcª +4)+ E 3c= yM F'+ +x B BIy< e 7c . ± g 75c µ+ ¡xH R +' K¢; K^¤ h {F gq }F ± 9c´+ 5Iy> %c :5) + ·)+ £ {. iG'cB ¡^Ky. cF jxR GI R

#kd¨ 7 ' ÎH 5+3 %g , U + -b¨0 k 75gÀ glN' U R EI c,I5I'+ ° g dRhF M-3c= ¥H chK'±+ 5I3 %c , R +' Í> O chK'±+ I^¤ dE+ f5cC'±+ ¦I'cK '+ c¤ KyB'+ ° -3c E+ jy0 %c K)ÊE Î R<¢µ+ F N cD Í> 3^= ¸chR E+ |E+ £ = +z. cFI iGcD Τ :cµ+ ÎGy E+ J^F £ = chK' ±+ 5I3 j+z¤R ¼ R Î { ²+ ÊD F K^ 8+yR E+ F 9+¢RhE+ gR¤ ¤D c ;'±+ ¤ . ° c 2)+I gR¤ { R E+I gRK^ {²+ c ;'±+ jc0cq, ¤ thE 5c hB+I H3y ¨ NjcCÊ= ^¤;¢. g¤ ¤D ¤ . ° |BI -'+yF+ I'+ LÊ05 %yµ+ ¢ K ¤D R hR E+ ¸chR Ec,I N c h1+ I3 'c | K l¤1 chK'±+ 5I3 ° jc ¤ :yR E+ :¢. c,I5I'+ ¥ B ¥R µ+ ^¤ }E+ £ = c ;' ±+ d h {F R R H5I^, h¤µ+ ° R .c , §K L+Í2'+I F+¢1 qd }KI y |= g 73c {E+ ^ = 0ytK R / c0yR E+I c¤d }Ec, R R , ¤qK ¢=5¢E+ ¢ { 7(R ¢µ+ cH4'±+ ° Lg ¤ 0 L-5¢ 9 -y E+ ¡xH 7ÇB chK'±+ 5I3 %c , ¢dR qK 7c R E+ R '+ I^dK Î { 7(R ¢µ+ %±(¢H Í2 £ = 7¢ F M ¤E3 ¢H £ dF : § , ±)+ -c¤³+ ^¤C £ = +¢ dK ¶ KxE+ ¢RdÐ+ c ;'±+ c ;'±+ gq }¨ ± { 7(R ¢µ+ 5Iy , R h. -5¢ }E+ ¡xH R +' Í> R à # , %c h=±+ à ¤ B c ;'±+ F ^K^ E+ h¤, 6^K)±+ e {h µ+ g=c µ+ } G 7IÍB edR {. ¢¤E+ K ¶ +4)cB ExE gF6ÊE+ jcGc=)±+ B3I H3I^0 F c ;'±+ g¤,y. £ = chK'+ 5+3 %c dE } }Ñ+ cµ+ c G) + R Lc=¢ ¼ ¥ :+5'±+ R ® cD +4)+ cFR +' , }hR . ± Ny 7'+ : hKc=5 ¤B JÅD i2'+ I'+ gEc2 I'+ +^R 0 R E ° ¢ |¤ KI g R¤ F g 9 e1c 9 J^E ¢05R ^hK l¤1 j+^ dE+ ° §B'+ chK'±+ :I ¢ ¤ {B %c,y E+ £ = E+ f R 5 g *c= F ¥R 04¢À N :I

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

ng 75g ¹+L %M3gh¹+ «E'+ 3grN)+ f¨ M|D&* ´ Ò T ¹* H M4f G jg T Gf+ mf 64f ¹*K $L2fg¹* «D&* 2fqM(* fnH

7L53L¨ª. mª ª I'+ ,

g¢l ª<L gª¢ªG ¶ kªU N}E'·+ kªU ª F)·+ kª ¢lU H+ G}I ¶ Ô¢U »+ -b=g » kªU »g H+ k U ¢»+ jg ¹ J gK3¨¥0 Ð2 £I ÔU¢ »+ I Ig l. «lH+ kªU Ö+L kUª¢;¨H+ kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢ H =UbH+ ÓE¨. «K g¥¢I ­ hH+ ªH)+ L} »+ = ¶ ¢N ng 75g »+L %M3gh»+ ­E'+ £I O+3b= U¤'+ ¤g : LguJ ÒT¨ 6f 6&µ* 8fw 7&µ* jT¨ + E*¦HK E*¦H ¡H tTkG*

¶ Ë HgE ¤g 1)+ :¨I · £NLg lI %gG} 8 Ô¢U »+ ¤LËl N ÔªU ¢ »+ ª 0 U¤'+ £ ­J ¤'+ LguJ ¥E lÕ+ £I U ¥I P} ¢= ngU¢ »+L ÔU¢ »+ U¤'+ Í J ¤'+ g¢ª = Og ª 0 g¢hª . kUª ªh; PkUª = U£ H+ irN , · O+bªU 0 Og ¥E ¥.g Kg IL ¥.g0g1L ¥F¨ 1 ¥E irN ¾glU Hg,L ¥.g Kg I ¤¨IbU N mF¨H+ Ë= k 7Ub I Qn+Ëx, ¤¨ Ul lN ÔU¢ »+ U¤'g, +Í=·+ Ô¢U I 9gx 8'+ I ng0g¹+ ªª . ¨1 = k 85L ¶ kG5g »+ b , gª,¨ª/'+ ¶ «U I¨ 1 U<¨I gF Og *+3 KÓ l 7'g 7L ¤&·+ «N'+5 n}ªU > «¢¢U H ¬'+5 ¥NbH ÔGg »+ Ô¢U »+ %·(¨K U¤'+ F b l='+ ¼ jT¨ ¨ wTkG* f£-fT¨ < ´K jT¨H¦ ·* Ñ= mf T ¹* § + ´ ÒT ¹* *| 7(*

5+}> © E ¥.g U ¢I ©¢, ¶ kG5g »+ © = Ô¢U »+ M}2'·+ kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ ¶ gJ(LgG} 8 rU N -5+3)+ Hg¿ %g J)+ Ð2 £I kH%g »+L ¨ ¹+L M¨ H+ 7g . U lN kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ kUª , ¥.+Ë2 ¡+bxl 7+ £I +|¢ª1 ¤¨¢U lªE HgÕ+ §|K ¶ ng¢U »+L Ô¢U »+ ªo´ U lN U / kNU ¨F ¦lhF+}IL ¦ ªh .L L} I ª . ¶ ¥.+5bFL ¤ ¨< lE¦G* ´ £-¦T E f IK jTMa ¶* J2Ka0 £D

H4 |2'+ U ¥»+ £I ¦UJ+' g¢ lG+ b H :+}I'ÐH Ok :}=L Og : ÏG'+ ¤¨ É £U H+ ¶ 9gx 8'·+ ¡bU . I © = ¥ ªr . LguJL 3+}E'gG ¥ I ©;g lJ ¤'+ g¢ª E ÔU¢ »+ I «;g UlH+ b¢= 5ghl=·+ Ô , ¶ ¾g J ¤'+ g¢ª = ªH £ H k =g H+ k2¨xª H+ ¦ª U U J gI ¬'+ Ê} H+ ª H+L kªU HÐ l 7·+L kG5g »+ -ÓhG Q-¨F g ¢, ¤¨ U U¢ »+ Ul lªE kNg ¹+ · gª N}E'+ j¨¢0 ¤g,5L3 ¶ kUªI'·+ ¨À sIgJ}, ¶ kG5g I «KL k¢ 7 L5¨ 8¨I -bUª H+ mHgF 5¨¢U H+ ½)+ k U H+ £I g lJ·g, ¦h 8'+ }I'·+ ¤gG ¾ kh ¢Hg, F U lU H+ © = O+ÓhG %}»+ Ël N

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

35+¦¹+ « h, lU l. QkHL3 ¨¾ ´ -b¨U ¶+ k 75g ¹+

}N}E ¤L35¨> ,

f¨ M|D&* i¦ / ´ jMT a ¶* jEf<(µ* H Hf kT G* fnH

0'+ £I kUN3g lF·+ kUª=g l0·+ ¨ ¹+ g lG· k ×+ ngG} H+ £I k=¨ ¿ «K 3¨I U ¤)+ U U Q OÐ 1 ¤¨F¨ »+ Ël N -bNb= n ·g1 ¶ 5¨0' g I Q = 3grN) + © = Kb=g lE ÔF ¨ »+ 9gx 8' ·+ U U -3g=)+ © = b=g N ¤'+ £ ÉL OgUN3g lF+ £U É 5¨0'g»+ H+ U¤'+ Ó> lÕ+ © =L nÐ*g H+ © = ¥.g l¿ ¶ ¥¿3 ©¢ ® ng¢ ¹+L ngh¥H+ © = O+b l I © hª 7 ¨ »+ U U ¤'+ bª . 8g J)·+ ¨1 PkUª = Og ,g 7 3¨ . mJgG bª l ¢ 7 ªG £Nbª l »+ b1'+ gF bFL 3gª 9·+ U . £= Og :¨= k 7 ¤¨U lN 7g¢U H+ ¤gG }2&+ £uJ #g¢F65 5b I ÔI'glH Q = 3grN)+ ª l J · g¢U¢ H gJ3} ® g¢ª 7+}G U}uJL h J ªG g¢ U . ¤)+ kI+} Hg, lU lJ ·L gJ} 7'+ © = %P i= ½)+ KÓ> © = ¤¨ lU »+L Ô 8g¢U H+ Ó>L ¤¨F¨ »+ 9gx 8' ·+ ¨ulN 3¨I k ªU r¥¢I Ð2 £I U U t4¨ ¢G 3¨I 6Ë. g¢K £I 3g lF·+ k r= N}² ¶ ¤¨ Kg N Ô 8gJL Ôrl¢I Ô¢;+¨I ÔF¨ÛU Û Û ÛH n}ÛUE¨Û. gÛIbÛ¢Û=L 3gÛªÛ Û 9·+ kÛªU Û ÛªÛ G ÔF¨ÛU Û »+ 9gÛÛxÛ 8'·+ ÛÛU Û Û N ngÛÛ 75gÛÛ »+ ÛÛ ­E'· 5¨ l H ,g H+L 9gº+ Ó H+ ¥ = %g J) + ¥Jg I)g, U¤'+ ¥¢I bNb H+ mh/'+ b E =UbH+L k 9} H+ U U U Og ­N'+ ¦.5+3)+ ¥¢ É g G §3¨¥0 Ð2 £I H4L U¾g»+ ¦ :L Ô ul, vr¢N «G ÓhG Q , O+ U ulI x H+ ¤¨ N ¤' + « h¢N U k *g H+ 3+}E'+L %gFb 9'·+ £I Ok h 8 x H+ É ¤' + O g ­N' + ¥»+ £IL ng¢ ¹+ © = O + 3g l=+ · k 9gº+ U U g¥ªE g® k l×+ n+L3'·+ £I O+3b= 3¨I mIbxl 7+ g¢EbK ¨ hH ¥ª = g U.·+ £ É 3+}ÛÛE'·+ ÛÛªÛ rÛ . U Û lÛ N H4 ÐÛÛ2 £ÛÛI ÔF¨ÛU Û Û Û Û H kÛÛ Û U¢Û »+ ÛÛ Û lÕ+ gÛÛ Û F ¶ Ô ÛÛ Û UlÛ H+ 9}ÛÛE ¥.+5bF g lG+ © = ÔF¨ »+ £I £N U ul»+ U U 1 n+5g¥IL H+ ¶ %+3'·+ n+5g¥IL k¢¥»+ hF gI n+5g¥I £U ­lN ¬|H+ U«¢¥»+ wÐ 9)·+ nÐ »+ « 7}U H+ Ó>L « 7}U H+ Ô=g H+ ¶ k=¨ Õ+ = :L H+ 9}E 2 3} H+ = :L H+ ªÀ ¶ kUª=g l0·+L kUª ªh U H+ *+¨ H+ « U x. £I kdªhH+ £U ´ «lH+ ¨ ¹+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

# 1 ´ ng 75g ¹+ «E'+ ©K gI l . ¨G 1 ° jc 75c µ+ §B'+ c |hD± £ = Ê;±+I -5cKzE+ h=c h 7c, cD )+ 'c 7)+ 1 ° g } }thF g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F ^0 R c = g ¤d; 53cÕ }µ+I ÕKIcÕ Õ ÕE+ gÕqÕ*± ·)+ yÕ ÕG'+ LgÕdÕhÕ ÕF ¦¢¬ ¥ÕhÕE+ fyÕC'±+ -^Õ ÕdÕ E+ -5cÕÕKzÕÕ, ÕÕC gÕÕ=¢ÕÕdÕ µ+ 3+¢µ+ '+yÕÕC)+ d K ¦xE+ cF Q hG+I e¤R h E+ +xH gKc G ° 73c {E+ q µ+ ° g ¤R F oF+y, = ÎEI(¢ {µ+ 9ct 8'±+I R iGÇG)±+ g d 8 £ = -^¤ F C+¢F ^ª '+ Ic1 yF'±+ g ,ch¨ C } }t. c¹ £ = R gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> h R F -5+3)+ { ¹ ·)+ c §G±+ F e ;+I c R,5 L+^=c hF 1 ° L+Íd2 LÊFc= ^0

mf 64f º* ¬D&* j©T k¡ 6* ,a<fE a©T ·* 9f0|º* È ¦f© G N*T2f ¬H Nf 6K ÓHa G NfJf©HK jT© 8§ ¹* ÓH&fkG N*4fk 6K f k=ÏG

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 8: Building Good Structures

GckF) ~ F)

+^¥³) jc¥ ¥ F) #c *

k¨U 75 k¨U I¦ 1 Ñ> k U I ,g; 4gxU.+ ^Kzµ+ Ä^ . ¤ h {. RG+' j O 5yR C ^ E ¥R 7yR E+ Í> ,c R E+I 7c ³c, g {hR µ+ g¤EI'R ±+ g 1yµ+ h=¢ ¹ j6Icª L+4)+ -3c¤C { ¹ I'+ Lg ² %£ | . ¢ 7 g¤R 75 Í> Ng R D i nR {.I Lc¤R 75 LÊ 8 h¤ , i¤ ='+ +4)+ jcF^´+ F gªc R E+ ÎG+¢ E+I jc RC¢hR E e¤nh {.I Lc¤R 75 ¢qGcµ+I gF¢ ³+ , Ç KI

H+ Fg; 3+}E'+ Ò, x U lU H+ j+5cR¤ 7I yR 7 %c F'+I jcR µ+ ³ c GI eh FI jc,c {1 fcRhDI ÎE¢¼I Î R RK5+3)+ Î R<¢F ·)+ Lc R 1 pch¬ H '+ ^Ky. +4cF Jy2'±+ gKc E+ ° Í hR Ec, '+^d. '+ ¤ = E4 = g,c0)ÊE #-c ;I } FI Î R FI Î *c 7I Ä^ . ^Ky. &±+I 5Ic¹ %+y B ¥R 1 ° N }t 8 g*cF ^=c {. '+ gR¤ 7c 7'±+ g=¢ n E à # h R F Ê2 F R ¬ L+z¤Dy. ÉD'+I ÅD'+ gBǺ NjcF^2 Ä^ . ^ , }t 8 E'+ Ky | E g¤R 7c 7'±+ jc0c³c, ¥ . g¤R q 9 NjcF^2 '+ ¥ d K ±I g :yR ¼ ·)+ pch¬ c ;'±+ r¤ h, -y 8cdµ+ ^Ky. i D )cB } }t R RhE+ ¢qG 9ct 8'±+ nRhK '+ enK ¤E+I3 +x HI c F^R h 7 ¥hE+ jc1c R E+ g¤R D £ = E4 yR/+' ±)+I g¤R :5'±+ ¤ . ° LÊK¢; LchCI g :yR µ+ .

gK~N~ .L %M3gh¹+ :L 5¢ 8 -5Iy : £ = %J3cdµ+ ¡xH ^1'+ } KI c *3cd¨ , c B+Ç1+I c nq, g R R¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ sc¾ d.yK ± +xH ¤d . *c 7I R +) ¤E)+ ¥ h . g R µ+ R +' I g R µ+ KyB F %M z0 RGc' , ¤ hR E+ Fc= ·)+ yK^µ+ F ¤ ²+ ¢1 ¤ n E %+^ E+ gd0I ^R . i D +4)cB Lc F c R E+ Ic h, ¤ n E sc {E+ Å= ¥H cH+^1) + R E -^K^= '+^dµ+ R Ky D ² y R E+ J^1)+ ¥H . g h»I -ÍdD j±Ic; ¦R 5+3)+ N c G ·)+ pch¬ +x E g¤R Bc |E+I gE%c {µ+I g ¤R C¢/¢µ+ ¥H g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ c dhR . ¥hE+ Jy2'±+ %J3cdµ+ F R e.cD p5^K '+ enKI y |E+ *c 75I j±c }K) ±+ ^R KI g¤R EcF gq F R D F Fc hK '+ cF }t 8 £ B e 7c F R ¤C^. F %N znD E4I Î R<¢µ+ 0'+ F g ²+ ± gKI3'±+ %+y |E h 7+ RG+' jcd/)±+ F R hKI cµ+ jÊn {E+ R ·)+ yR hG c R D +4)+ rGcµ+ K ¥D gKc E+ ¤B c¨ Lc ¤ {, jÊn {E+ 1 ¢ K ' + enK c D ¦R ¢ {E+ jc,c {³+ R R %£¤R 7 N |, cµ+ F g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ F ^K^ E+ Fc . ·)+ ed {E+ 3¢ ¤B L + 5+y .I L + 5+yF g ¤R Ecµ+ *c {µ+ R

ng U H ©U ,} H+ t4¦ U H+ ° gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ Î, ExDI ¥R =c }E+ cÏ+ ° L c=¢¤ 8 ÉD'±+ ¢H y E+ ¦'+ jc R E ¥R ,y E+ p4¢ R E+ R +) R g¤R ¤ ³+ +yH'±+ %c , %+5I cD ¦xE+ { G ¢H ¤ hR E+ F ¢ R E+ +xH R +' ·)+ -5c 8)±+ 5^ªI %+¢ 7 ^R 1 £ = f¢ ²+I c |E+ R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

¡xH R '+ ±)+ scn R Ec, R P. ^C c RG+' FI ¶c E+ %cqG'+ gBcD ° c R E+ jc=¢ ¹ ¤ hE Jy2'+ *c 7I 3cnK)+ à 5I3 LcGc¤1'+ jÊ,c E+ I'+ jcdH+yR E+ F Mg=¢ ¹ yK^. gq }E+ +^¤F ° L ÊkF Lc n1 y 9'+ ¢ . cF LcdEc> jc R µ+ R N +Ç1c, Fc hKI § dE+ R § , By K jc :yR µcB cF ^R 1 ·)+ NIc {hF N¢qG £ = -^¤R ²+ gKc=yR E+ F^R K R HI ^¤E¢hR E+ gKR ¢kG'+ ÉD'+ = g Ky; c RG+) g¤Bc :)±+ e.+IyR E+ c G)+ £ = R { G'c, g ¤ {dE+ c ='±+ 6c¾)+ § KI 3cdhF R Ic hR E+ sI5 £ = ^ h . Lc §K'+ ^R ²+ ¢H {¤*yR E+ ¢ KI g ¤<I gKR +' ·)+ ¤ ²+ 'cn ¤ 7 l¤1 g *c E+ g R F p4¢À Jy2'±+ gq0c R E+ p4c R E+ F g ¤R dµ+ g ¤<¢E+ ¡xH = LÊ §BI -^K^²+ 5c B'ÊE c hFIc F ¥H g¤R *c E+ jc R µ+ : g hÐ+ §E+ g G R EI R LcBc 2'+ ¢ }K +¢GcD +4)+ R K ± E4 R '+ FI c { G g *c E+ -3cB)+ Lc¤R 8 E Lc R F y2&+ LcB^H g R µ+ ® 6^K)±c, £ :yµ+ chK'±+ I^=c {K RG+) +¢EcC +4)+ L+ÍkD R K R E c G¢ ¤dKI ¢qG 5+^qG+ ^ = 9ct 8'±+ F ^Kzµ+I £ ='±+ ° ^1+I N {¤*5 F LÊ 8 y E+ ¥,y E+ y E+ p4¢À d |K L+4)+ y E+ r 7 kªU ,}> kªU I¨ 1 Ó> k U ¢I %g ­='· ª .

}Nb¹+

Ò U<¦¹+

Ò=¦ l¹+ ¡= L( ¦ I x 8 U

D, Ò G¦I j+¦J U k ,5'+ +¦I'µ+ 0 ngIb¸+

}U 7 g ¨I'+

kU¨Hg¹+

%+É2 k/Î/

¤ = ¦xE+ {¤*yR E ¤ ²+ §tK gKc R E+ ° c d {. ¥hE+ hE §t.I c ¤ . ¥hE+ g d R E+ £ = Ng d; R D y |. ¤ ²+ c ='+ gR¤EI(¢ {F R ¬

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Í> g R µ+ ® ÅD'+ N |, gq R {FI g 7+I y2&±+ § dE+ +yH'+ c ¤B g ¤B5I g K¢; jc R µ+ § , +yH'+ R +) L+^R 0 N-ÍkD Njc d , {¤*yR E+ = } K '+ LcFc F £G3'±+ R<¢ E ¥ d K ÊB L+^R 0 LÊK¢; {¤E LcFyH -^¤R ²+ g¤R F¢ ³+ E4 yF'±+ z K Î1 Î /±+ Î, 9+¢hR E+ {K '+ enK E4 3R yFI ¡M|² ,g H+ go»gG kF5L © = k U UªI¨ ¹+ Ó> l U ¢I kª¢, 75'+ # ª*U}H+L Okh.}I ©J3'·+ U<¨»+ Ô, ng h U H+ 3b= gI

ÉD'+ g Ky; c RG+) § dE+ ¢ K LcdKy . r,yR E g¤=c {E+ jc R µ+I gR¤=c }E+ j±cÏ+ R R R D ° { G p4¢ R E+ 3cnK)+ Ã i {R.+ +4)+ gL 9c2 L R E Lc¤R ;+y Ã3I R<¢ E Lc nR |F p4¢ R E+ £ dK ^C ¤ hR E+ ° gKR 5¢D4 R cH¢ |F ¥ {Ã ^C R g¤EcRhE+ y R Ec, E4I g R µ+ Lc *+3 {¤E E LÊ05 {¤*yR E+ ¢ K cF L-3c= R<¢F £G3'+ Î,I ¤, -¢n E+ {Rh.I {¤*yR E+ gd¤H 3+3z. ^C ¥R 7c 7'+ N |, c0yR E+ £ = L+y 1 y E+ g R C ¥ {® g {Bc µc, ¤ = = £ = BcqhE £hR 1 I'+ g¤Cy. c hE enK LÊkF g¤R =¢ R E+ ± g¤R E+ l¤1 F NpchG)+ Ä^ hE Lc : ¢Gc ¤B gB^ h {F jc=¢ ¹ ¢ R<¢µ+ ¥ {Ã h¤R H'+ F ^ K Lc¤R B .c¤1 J¢h {F Î {¬ R E g 7 R D Î R {µ+ F ^K+zhF 3^= -5cK6

H+ Fg; = Ò ° R E g,¢ µ+ jc 9+¢µ+ ^K^¬ F ^RDc' RhE+ Å= e 7c F N |, E+ £ = gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> Og R µ+ ^=c {. '+ à 7I(IyFI {¤*5I R<¢µ+ jcd0+I ^K^¬ ¦'+ e } F c¨ c }R.±+ %c 7(IyR E+ ^ K ± ¥D Â+^¤µ+ J¢h {µ+ £ = c µ+ c¤ E+ e 9c E E+ jc 9+¢F R §h. '+ enK '+ à LÊkF *c<¢E+ ¢,^h K ¢ =c E+ %c 7(IyR EcB c ¤ 0 yK^µ+ cHzn K '+ :¢= c µ+ 7c . ¥ d KI m^qK uE)+ ¥R *+x E+ F'±+ ¢1 ¥R º oFcGy, ° g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> Og R µ+ g=+5zR E+ ° Íd2 }t 8 R kà M g R µ+ F ^Ky. +4cF y . iG'cB L+4)+ L+3^R º Lc } }t.I g ¤R dF LcB+^H'+ c ¤ ¤= e }G g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R F §. R Í> g R µ+ g ¤<I { . '+ ¥ d K E4 x¤ . £ = K53c E+ Î R<¢µ+ ·)+ g0cq, R E . '+ gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> -5+3)±+ { ¹ cK+zF ° R / Î R<¢µ+ -5^C ° g¤R F¢ ³+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Ô U<¨»+ =3 +} 8)+

5^ }F RF(¢K Ne.+5 gR¤ 7c 7'±+ 3+¢µ+ ·)+ ¢0chqK RG+) L+^R¤0 E c { G y 9c E+ ·)+ Î R<¢µ+ F pchqK N cD ¥R ¤<I cF'+I H3±I'± g 75^µ+I c R E+ K5c }FI C65 +I3c0'+ c1 ° gF^´+ F y }E+ F ¤ qK R GcH4'+ %c 9 £ = g Bcq E E+ F ¥ K cFI E+

N ^H ¤ qh, 7c {1) + ¢HI +yK cF £ = %N ¥ 8 R D 5c 7 )+ R°c :)+ 5M ¢ 8 gR¤F¢ 1 Í> g R F ° Î R<¢µ+ fch ¤ 7 M Lc¤BcD Lc =3 ¢ K ± { G'+ ¢ R<¢µ+ cD +4)+ ^,'±+ ·)+ I^K ± 5¢ |E+ +xH R '+ Í> Ky2&±+ ^=c {K R £ = +y 8)±+ = L±I(¢ {F ¡5I^, Åh K cF N }t 8 g {E Î R<¢µ+ F §tK '+ enK jc R µ+ F ° N Fc= F N ¢K %c §C ·)+ pchqK Ne.cD R D R E B^ , y2&+ ·)+ NiCI F Î R<¢µ+ yRDxK ^R¤²+ +y 8)±cB = c q¾ cF ¢H +xH ¢ . 'cD Nfc {1 ¢K ^ = ¤ h {. g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ R E I'+ Jy2'±+I g ¤ E+ Î,  R +^¤F g¤ :cµ+ g {E+ J^F £ = ¤ ¬ ° R RxE+I K¢tRhE+ +^th 7+ F LcFc® LcR¤d 7 +y 8)±+ ¢ K 3c K 9ct 8'±+ § d, R hK cF °I jcBc RkE+ § , ° ·)+ ¢ ¤Ã g Fc µ+ ¡xH ¢ K KxE+ 7c R E+ R +) , e {1I Lc¤R CÊ2'+ LcdKyF +xH Åh K ±I Î R<¢µ+ 'c 8 c :)± Ík , .cR¤Gc F)+ I3 cF E+ rK^µ+ +^th 7+ F Ic RhE+I %ÊFzR E+ =3I 6c¾)±+I 3¢ ²+ Å= ^R¤²+ E+ £ = z¤DyRhEc, §B'+ g ¤ 7I ¥ § . R |KI 3+yB'±+ K RG+) ¤B >¢hR E+ jc R µ+ F Ic¬ 3c Ec, NeH4 n ¨ d 8'+ 3c }E+ rK^µcB ¤n | hR E+I R ¤DI : c GI .¢C c GI g 9c´+ ¡zB+¢1 B £ = R<¢µ+ ^=c {K '+ yHcµ+ y | E ÃI Ky E+ sI5 R R c ¤ {¬ à c , c¤ E+ £ = 9y1+I B+y 8)± Î :c´+ F g¤EchR E+ K5c hR Ec, c¤ E+ à Lc §K'+ LcBy |F %J5c D i O D )+ Lc §K'+ iG'+ ¥f¨ G ©q D K| H ´ ,4a G* $f + fnH ½)+ b¥N OglUF(¨I Og=L} I ¤gG ¡g¢lªªE ¶ kUªI¨ 1 Ó> k U ¢I §}Nb. ËG'+ Q L} I £I P% 0 «K «r¢E §|K © = }I'·+ U < bFL -}2U g' lI Q3¨ = i0¨® ÔªU ¢ lH+ £I Q3b= -b=g ® kÉbF kªU *gI Qn+bNb´ %gª1)+ kG} 8 L'+ Qmª, U G b¢= n+3+Ub H+ :L UµL O+bUª0 . n+Ub »+ muh 9'+ ¤&·+L iN}F Qb¥= ©Ul1 g¹+ +|K ªU lN kJgª H+L ª lU H+ ªHg . 3bU N ¤'+ £ ªE £Nbª l »+ 0'+ £I ¦ 0 U lN ¬|H+ g»+ gIU '+ U §gª H Og *+3 Og F %© ¢. kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> k U ¢»+ U¤)gE +|H kUN5+} l 7·+ © = -5b Hg, L} »+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

½)+ nb = Óª lU H+ kªU = £I Q% rG §gª»+ F ¶ k,¨ »+ i 9g¢»+ }N} . i 9g¢»+ £I U H k,¨ »+ ng 9+¨»+ k>gª 9 L} »+ £ : OgªU Hg1 ¤¨ N £N|H+ Ô U<¨»+ %+3'· ªª . %+}0)+ H+ nghU lI i 7g¢. Ô U<¨IL ÔªU ¢ . £I ¾U g¹+ H+ Fg; n+5bF mJgG ¤)+ }N} . k ª hH+ ¦lh>5L k ª H+ ¦.+5g¥I m 1· ¤'+ b , Ô U<¨»+ b1'+ } , 7'+ U , 5+} H+ |2'+ }U lN ¼ £N}2&+ ÔR U<¨I ¢,L U lH+ ¶ bNb¸+ jg H+ }Nb»+ §g° kFgª , gE U g1 ¶ irN g G ¥ = %+3'+ £I +¨¢U lN «G kªU hN5b. Q 7L5bH Ô U<¨I k/Ð/ ¨ ­2 Ó,b. ¥1gÄ }¥ 8'+ klU 7 ¡Lb. 5ghl2+ -ÍE I = 3¨ = k>gª 9

I'+ y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+ c GI ¢ E+ c G K5c h, E g FR c E+ -y R E+ ¢qG g,5c µ+ F ¢ R E+ +xH y K R R Lc §K'+ Jy2'+ cKc § EI R D gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ° -5^ E+ ¤ qhE c F+^th 7+ ÃI c E N ¤ ¬ gF+^h 7±+ %c , y |= ÂcRkE+ } E+ F I±+ { E+ ' +yC)+ K5c hR E+ ¡xH = jcF¢ µ+ = ^Kz E R 3yR ¹ J^R hK Î R<¢µ+ -5^C %c , R '+ +53)±+ R µ+ F Jy2'+ Ng F ° '+ ¥n B ° m^qK Iy |µ+ cD %+¢ 7 gRC^E+ F N^Kz¨ Î R<¢µ+ = ¢H f¢ µ+ c ¤B jÊ |µ+ R E R ³+ eK5^RhE+ Åh K jc R µ+ § dB eK5^RhE+ uE)+ Hz¤ ¬ J¢h {F Î {¬I §B'+ N |, ¤ = +y 8)±+I eK5^hR E+ %+y0)± 6ÊE+ K¢ hR E+ £ = ¢ }³+ e }K cKR ±' + ¡xH ,&*| G P K| H ´ ,4a G* $f + fnH iN5blH -'+}»g, Og 9g2 O U g F gª N}E'+ } 8 g 8 ¶ k=+5 U Hg, U l¥. kªU I¨ 1 Ó> k U ¢I n'g J'+ © 7¨H+ k h U H+ ½)+ U£¥ ª 0 Ô l¢N k 9g H+ £I nÐIg= 2 k U ¢»+ mh l 7+ bFL ngUNL} H+ £U K} 7'+ 0'+ £I Qn¨F 3grN)+ ½)+ n+} ­I -¨ ¢U H+ %·(¨K mJgG -ÓhG kNU } 7'+ QngªU HL(¨ I £ U ulNL ÔU¢ »+ U£¥0+L6'+ ¾gK'g, %g¢l=·+ U£¥ª = g G bN+ lI U¾gI Q Ux ­.L k .}I Q5g 7'+ U < ¶ -Óh H+ U l² · £U ¥ *g<L U¤'+ Ó> i H+ nghªU ; £U G £U ¥ = Ð2 -} 8g H+ ¶ 9gx 8'+ I £U ¥Hg ;'+ }.L U£¥ªH)+ kh U¢Hg, kUN¨HL'·+ Í I © = Qng=g l0+ ¤b N ng U<¨»+ n|2'+ b E ku :+L OgE+bK'+ É -'+}»g, 9gº+ H+ £ N ¼ U £I Ô.'+}I+ £I i NS O-3g= g ;'·+ kNg=5 ¨1 Qn+} :gÀ Ô N £U G OkEgG b hH+ %guJ'+ ¶ } U H+ kUN+' n}¥< ·L Q¡g lK+ U¬'+ ng l »+ ·L ng U<¨»+ · bh. ¼ krªlU¢Hg, kG5g H ¨ lH+ kN}F U U G k ­ x¢I ng U<¨»+ ngNU ¨¢ I m.ghE kªU H+ £I k 7¨ I -b*gE

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

kN}F ¶ Og=¨h 7'+ ng U<¨»+ m ­I'gE j¨ »+ ª ul, ÔuJg»+ -b=g I ­ , k U ¢»+ n'+b, U / ngUNL} H+ bN}. gI ¨1 %g U¢H+ -5LgÖ Og 1· ¤b= U / U£¥¢I bNb H kh U¢Hg, ½L'·+ «K Q-U}I ¶ +|K ¨1 Q 7L53 %g H)· £ H ¬U } 7'·+ ª xlU H+L g»+ i G «K £U ¥.gNU ¨HL'+ U¤'+ v ­U.gE ¦ U . ¨ 9 ½)+ -3¨ H+L ¥ I Ig Ul H ÔEÍÖ+ 3grN)+ £N}I'g, ¡gª H+ ng U<¨»+ © = ¤gG ¨ :¨»+ ng U<¨ H kh ¢U Hg, kI¨¥ I muh 9'+ g¥UJ'+ Ó> kUFg 8L k N¨; wÐ 9)·+ kªU = mJgG k 7+5bU H+ U£¥.gN¨¢ I ¾gUlHg, m .5+ «.+¨ H+

¥~N~ .L g U E -5+3)+ ½ %g J)+ i {¤E ¡xH R '+ Í> g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F {¤ 7'chE fy E+ ° g dhR µ+ g Ky R E+ ¥H g 0R ¢F g ² I'+ -5+3)+ { ¹ %c |G)+ R +) LcdKy . Lc *+3 R §. ¥hE+ . ¥H Î RE(¢µ+ g,yª BI gEc R E+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µcB E4 >5 -^¤1¢E+ g Ky R Ec, = | K { Ï+ R +' cGyD4 I'R ±+ } E+ ° g 7¢ F { Ï+ E4 g Hc {F ¢ . l¤1I -^¤R 0 -5+3)+ {Ec¹ jcF^´+ Ä^ . F ÉD'+ C65 e { , ΤR F ¢qd }KI e.+5 ¥ h, ¢ R<¢µ+ '+^dK Î1 h¤R H'+ ¸chR E+ zn K '+ c R E+ -5+3)±+ { Ï Ã ¤k® Í2 K^¤ h {µ+ rEc }F hKR ¢ §= Rk h {B ¤ 7 N 7c 7'+ £ = Î ¤R FP %c §='±+ cD +4)+ g¤R F¢¤E+ jcd0+¢E+ x¤ . = ÎEI(¢ {µ+ 9ct 8'±+ = J'c ¨ g dhR µ+ jc 7c¤ {Ec, g R hµ+ j+5+y E+ 4ctR.+ jc 7c¤ {E+ 9 }B F 3¢ } µ+ ¢H +xHI K^¤ h {µ+ gq }F %c kh 7c, g¤R }t 8 gq }F gKR +' -c=+yF I3 gKR x¤ hR E+ *c<¢E+ = ¡3I^1 yK^µ+ £ R t. c1 ° ¢ R<¢µ+ c ¤E)+ 'cn K '+ à g K^, Ng 7 Τ .I =^R E+I g {E+ yK^µ+ r F R j+Å2 g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ £ = d {¤ {B g¤R º Ng=c 0 F %+Å´+ %c { R E+I c0yR E+ F Lc RE¢( F cD +4)+ gBcD +¢G'±+ F

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Î, yN {0 %c , R hK { Ï+ gKR ¢ §= ·)+ O c §G±+ +Ç1±c, KyK^²+I ΤR Ð+ Î Rk µ+I -3c E+ +(¢ 7 Ê2 F § dEc, Iy |K +¢GcD +4)+ ÎR¤ Ð+ -3c E+ Hcª à ± RG'+ Iy µ+ B 7I'±+ g=c ²+I gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ Jy2'±+ y R E+ FI scn R E g ¤` : gL 9yB g R µ+ ¡xH 0+¢. '+ r05'±+ B g ¤R F g¤R F¢ 1 Í> Ng R F ¡cª hD5cdF ¤G ¥H jc 7c¤ {E+ 9 gR¤ = ° 2R ^hE+ F ^Ky. . ¶ c1 ° ÎR¤ Ð+ -3c E+ =3 c §E g 8cG jcCÊ= ^¤;¢. ¤B { Ï+ gKR ¢ § E γc 9 +¢GcD c1 ° E E ÎKR ytB %c 7(I5 ¤¤ . I'+ Iy | E Jy2'+ Ng 0 F gF¢ ³+I g R µ+I g 0 F ÎqGcµ+I gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ Î, 9ct 8'±+ £ = g kF'±+ F c {Bc . '+ ± gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ° j+5c µ+ .+5c F R . '+ ¦R 5Iy §E+ F R %+5^FI jc¤ |h {µ+ ° Rk F N = oFcGy, ¢ à ± KxE+ ¢ :yR µ+ %c §='cD ,c h 7+ ¥ d K KxE+ k¼I gR¤ Ð+ DcÐ+ ° ¢ K +¢GcD KxE+ ¢ R<¢µ+I 75+^µ+ JyK c ='±+ c05 § , R '+ c¨ 9c´+ c E+ ¢ R R g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ F R +' ·)+ L+y G g¤R Ecµ+ c¹ ° ¢ K KxE+ 9ct 8'±+I 3^R nhF N5¢ F F jc R µ+ g`¤R 7 g Ky , g¤R Ecµ+ *c {µ+ yK^K F ^K^ E gd { R EcdB E+ jc 9+¢F ^K^¬ F s¢ :¢, g,¢h F -5+3)±+ { ¹ %c §='+ *c<I ¢ . '+ enK ^=c {. E4 ·)+ gBc :)±c, e } µ+ ¥RE¢. -^R F g ¤<¢E+ jc 9+¢F R §h. '+ enK c D LcFc® L-^K^0 g ¤<¢E+ Åh . c § , g ¤<¢E+ c=¢G R K '+ ¦R 5Iy §E+ F ¤B Î Fc E+ 9ct 8' ±c,I eh µc, { Ï+ ,5 jc 9+¢µ+ ¡xH R LÊ §B Lc¤R 2 g,¢h F ÎhEc³+ ch D ° E+ jc 9+¢F ¢ . '+ enK c D E+ Cc;I { Ï+ ¦'+ § dE+ ¥ d K ±I g¤R F¢¤E+ c ='±+ 'c |, j+5+y E+ 9 ° L+^,'+ 2R ^hK E -5+3)±+ { ¹ R +' r¤ :¢hR E+ F ^R , ± E4 = ¦3R ¢( K c¼R %c¤ 8'±+ ¡xH fc h0+ 5Rx hK RG'+ Í> g 9c´+ HcK( I5 e 7c K N |, { Ï+ g 7c¤ 7 Í { . ¢ R<¢µ+ ^¤ K '+ R 3c }. j±c1 ·)+

k¨U I¦ 1 Ñ> Qk U I ´ -5+3)µ+ ½L H+ Fg; Ò, kFÎ H+ £ = c Fc F c /±+ xR ¤ {B g ¤ 7 N { 7'+ £ = g *cC -5+3)±+ { ¹I E+ Cc; Î, gCÊ E+ iGcD c1 ° yK¢ . g¤R = ° g Hc {µ+I { Ï+ ·)+ jcF¢ µ+ ÍB¢hE g ¤R F LcCy; E+ Cc; dhR K '+ enK ¢ K cF §B'+ ·)+ pchqK ¢HI c : KI c d KI jc 7c¤ {E+ ¡xH = 5c;)+ E ^R h {K '+ ¤ = +4 ^ =I jc 7c¤ {E+ +xH E+ 5c;)+ : { , j+5+y E+ xthR ¤E N c¹

H+ Fg;L -5+3)µ+ ½ -5bF %g , R . '+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ g=c h 7c, { Ï+ +xH ° %c §='cD .+5c F %c , ·)+ -5+3)±+ { ¹ %c §='+ pchqK E+ R hK ¥hE+ cKc § E+ = ÉD'+ +¢ R hKI Jy2'+ g¤R F¢ 1 Í> Njc R F +I5IzK '+ %c §='ÊE Ã c D Lc 7I53

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Ic hµ+ Ec, Lc {1 +¢ { 7(R ¢¤B eK5^hR E+ ° E+ Cc; +¢D5c |K '+ Lc §K'+ 7I °I E+ Cc; F c ¤ = R Í> g R µ+ jc0c³ ¤ thR E+ } E+ ° g¤R Ð+ g¤R G¢Gc E+ -5c |h 7±+I 35+¢µ+ zDyF ckF y G'+ g¤R K¢ hR E+ g¤R F¢ ³+

k ¨<¦H+L k¨U x H+L ¨* }U H+ U RG'± Lc {¤*5 rd 9'+ § dB {¤*yR E+ e } F ¢Ec K 0 ¦xE+ ed {E+I HzR ¬ ¥hE+ g Ky R Ec, %c 7(IyR E+ -5^C yR/c' h. R gCc R E+I g¤R Fc K^R E+ F ^Kzµc, g¤R 04¢À ÉD'+ {¤*5 z¤R hKI ¤ h {µ+ {¤*yR E Lc R 7 ÅD'±+ ´+ RG'± I'+ R F N }t 8 ,+ g¤R }t |E+ -yt µ+ £ = y2& ±+ § dE+ °I K^¤ h {µ+ £ = cK(IyR E+ e R R } . c¤1'±+ § , ° cK(IyR E+I # = J¢h {F F {qhE gBy µ+ ¡xH ^th {.I zR qK cF 75^. '+ à H #%J5c E+ c KR +' {¤*5 iG' + H R M y |= lEcRkE+ } E+ ° I C5 K5c hR E+ ·)+ y G'+ E4 rR 9 +4)+ cd1)±+ Í 7'+ . ÊB Ky2&±+ gF^t, R hK c¼R ÉD'+ .5¢ 9 gK¢ h, R hK = R +' { E iBÇ=+ +4)+ Fc . RG+' §. M y; ¥HI L±I'R + g¤R *cCI Nj+%+y0)+ %c |G)+ ¤ = E E4 >5 ^¤R 0 N = gK3'c. Gc F)cdB +I33R ÇK E N 9ct 8'+ F hCI Q §F)+ gKR 3+^dh 7+ j±c G+ ° +ytG±+ I3 F L+^¤R 0 K^¤ h {µ+I Î R<¢µ+ 5Iy Ec, Oid 9+P' c1 ° ¤d h, £ = sy . '+ ¤ = FI ¦R ¢C N^*c D Í/'c. 3+6 c R B {¤*yD zR qK cF cD c F g¤EcRhE+ -y E+ 753'+ R / ¢ }¤ 7 FI #g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ gKR 5+y h 7+ £ = Bcq¤ 7 F L+^> g¤R d C Ng,¢ E i :yR . ¢E +(¢ {E+ +xH { G R ¥D H3c 85)+I ÅD'+ LgR¤EI(¢ {F Î hÐ+ *c 2 r FI Î R<¢µ+ F ^Kzµ+ f+^hGc, '+^d. '+ ¤ = sÇ G #ÍKc µ+ gF+^h {µ+ -3c¤ E+ ¢ F %c d, '+^,)+ E+ Í 7 g¤R ¤D +¢ R hK F jcCÊ E+ ^¤;¢. F ÉD'+ o*chR E+ ¤G LcGc¤1'+ ¢ {qK ΤR ¤Fc K^E+I ÎKR ¢¤R ³+ %c 7(IyR E+ R +) Lc §K'+ ¸chR E+ ° yR B g R µ+ ° E+ Í 7 £ = E4 yR/(¢K ^C Î ¤F6 Î, I'+ cF N ¤F6 F LÊ 9+¢hFI +L Í 2 Lc=+zG Oi 0+I +4)+ %ÊFzR E+ } E+ y G'+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í>

g H+ ©=g ¶+ H+ U ©;+} ÇbU H+ 5+} H+ 4gxU.+ k¨U =

c¤1'±+ § , ° iK¢ }hR E+I K'+5 %+^,)+ 3N yB R E R qK l¤1 g¤R ;+y Ã3 NgEI^, dR |hR E+ ·)+ h R F pch¬ cF %M ¥ 8 %c 7 +4)+ g¤R EI(¢ {µ+ R qhK c D ¥R *c R E+ 5+y E+ xthR K '+ %+56¢E+ {¤*y, d 8'±+ {¤*yE+ £ = ¢ K

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

c1 ° ¸chR Ec, 5+y E+ 9 g¤R = ° HÍ> +¢D5c |K '+ I^R E+ F ^K^ E+ ° %c 7(IyE+ £ = e }K RG'+ Í> E+ Cc;I {¤*yR E+ Î, I'+ E+ Cc;I -5+3)±+ { ¹ Î, 5+¢³+ gFcC)± L±c¹ %c 7(IyR E+ RF¢( K ¶ ¢ nKI g¤R ;+y Ã^R E+ %+35 c = ¢ tK I'+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ : ¥R ¤<I N Êh2c, ¢ddR {h¤ {B g R µ+ ° :I = Î :+5 Í> Î R<¢µ+

+Ë1µg, Ul¹+ %g 9)µ+ ¥ K RG+) ¤ ²+ cH5¢ K R '+ ¥ d K ¥hE+ j+5c µ+ R H'+ J^1)+ ¢H +Ç1±c, {hR µ+I =c E+ %c 9)±+ 5+^ 9)+I f¢ µ+ iC¢E+ q F Ê2 F ¡y=c |FI ¡5c B'c, %±3)±+ £ = y2&±+ }t |E+ R -^=c {F hBc / e 7c . ¥hE+ *c 7¢E+ Å= Ec1 ·)+ hG'c ;I g ` 7'±+ sy;I g nR |µ+ j+¢ 9'±+

=c E+ %c 9)±+ ©<f / ¡M|² ©Ul1 kHgU E Ok>gª 9 ¢, ¦l>gª 9 U / }2&·+ x H+ ¬' U +5 ½)+ %g 9)·+ «K H+ *g 7L ­E'+ U H OÐoI ¦J'g , ¤¨ Fg¢lNL ª ¸+ ¦H U ulN Og=¨ :¨I b0 +|H ¦ I lU . · m¢G ¤)+L ¶ gIU +' ¦ lF ¤LbN}N ¥¢U H b hH+ ½)+ O·+¨I'+ ¤¨h rN £N|H+ %gª¢>'·+ £N3gªU H+ j|rN ¬U }, P¤+¨ª1 b , ¶ n·&+ I ¤¨ h N £N|H+ w+¨ H+ U g U,5 j|° ¤'+ ¤+¨ª¹+ kNg 1 ¤'g 8 £ E }I'·+ Kb1'+ U J g1 g ¥I kNg ¹+L -gª¹+ ¶ U ¹+ U G É , · Og N}< ¤+¨ª¹+ Ël N 9gx 8'·+ ­ , U¤+' g G K}N¨ . } U¢HgG b , ¶ /g Q¤+¨ª1 ¶ Ó UlH+ ¢ É K O+Ub0 -Ó E kHLUbH+ U¤+' Ó> kUN3g lF·+ sr¹+ mJgG #«h H+ jbU H+ ¾g H+ i H+ i / } 1' ·+ N'·+ ª H+ b 7'·+ U 3U}Õ Q¤+¨ª1 U¬'+ lF « h¢N · ¦ I /g lN ¤'+ ¦¢ É OgEU} lI Og F¨I Q x 8 U G Íxª E ¤&·+L Q F¨I +4 Og x 8 Qb1+L U G brª E U / H4 ½)+ Qk0gu, £u¢E g»+ 5U bN ¦ lF ¤gG ¤)+ L'+ kª lU H+ OgUª*g¢/ Og N}E ¦ I U NL }Ng I §b=g N ¤'+ © = }=g I £I ¦¢ É gI ­E'g, §} J k¥0L 5LUbHg, g ¥¢I Qb1+L U G £Uªhª E ¤&·+L ¦l=g l 7+ 5bF l »+ ¦¢ É gI ­E'g, ¦ N} 8 £I g¥ 7 «lH+ kUr¹g, g¥ G'g, k=¨ Õ+ ¡gI'+ Q x 8 U G ¾bN U / g¥I+Í1+L -}Ng I } J k¥0L U¥ . ½)+ ¥ E3 , ÔG5g »+ ¬'+5 Óª . £N} UlH+ M I ªH

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

-b¨ ¹+ ng=g l0µ+ b = ÉD'+ c 0I §B'+ N |, c F -3cB)ÊE y R E+ § , ¤E)+ | E+ ·)+ jc=c h0±+ F I(¢. %L c :5)+I Lg¤R ;+y Ã3 L+^,'+ }GI Ng=c 7 = ^Kz. ÊB L+^R 0 Lg K¢; ¢ . ±'+ £ = 9y1)+ ^ , R E iC¢E+ F pch¬ D LÊdC 3^R 1 c h0±+ ¤ {hE F^th 7+I r :+I N = oFcGy, y §1 R y2&±+ ^ dE+ ·)+ hG+I iK¢ }RhE+ £ = yF'±+ sy;)+ iC¢E+ +xH y K Î1I g¤EchR E+ gE'c {µ+ ¤ ²+ |Cc K '+ ^Ky. i D +4)+ LÊkF g K¢; gN |Cc F ·)+ pch¬ ¥hE+ cKc § E+ }B+'P J^µ+ £ = E+ £ = zRDy.I g*5c R E+ jcF^´+ F R . '+ gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> c h R F £ = enK H F à cF x¤ . £ = 9y1+I 8c R E+ ExE y R E+ ^ , F g FcD L-ÇB } }2 R # K¢ R E+ Njct {G +¢=6R ¢KI nn1 +¢GI^K ' R + gKR ¢C %L +5&+ ¢ à KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ £ = LÊkF Lc d {F Í §qhR E+ ¤ ²+ £ = c F É K 9ct 8'±+ § , cD +4)+ #Lʤ C R . FI Ê E+ ° c;'+ F g ,c {E+ jc=c h0±+ ° yR B R i=3 +4)cB -^1 £ = 9ct 8'±+ %±(¢H F m^R ¬I ¡Ê='+ =c E+ %c 9)±+ -y B ·)+ ^ B Ê E+ F J^1)+ R EI *cC3 mÊ/ ^ , Ê E+ = C¢h 7 RG+' ¸chR E+ c h0±+ dC H5Rx1 g0c³+ ° yR BI ed {E+ = { G ' c 7cB %c {R E+ R R EI Ê E Ng 9y , £ ¬ 3c Ec, gR¤ /)±+ jcR¤ C'±+ R %c { R E+ F I'+ g¤R C'±+ g=c ²+ F c h0+ ^ = c h1+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

c h0+ R E d {F N c h0+ ^ = § K' R + # Ê E+ F %J3c E+ Ky E+ Ã ¥R B ° R c / *c= F H #¥R 7c 7'±+ c h0±+ ° Ky E+ +xH gR¤ §C g |Cc F Ã 3I3I N }t 8 F -yR F R D ° e¤nh {K H # *c 9)+ ^= I'+ 9ct 8'±+ g¤R , gKyt 7 I'+ jc ;c µ+ ed {, Ky E+ g R H dkP. H Î*3c E+ 9ct 8'±+ ^=c {hB ÎhKI+6 F E+ Ã E4 rR 9 +4)+ #¡5^C F R ¬ Ng Ky , 7c R E+ jc=c h0±+ ° LchCI E } }2 E+ ° R hE+ £ = ,5R ^. c D c q¤ :¢.I *+5&+ g 0+¢F £ = R § dE+ yqK 9ct 8'±+ § , cD +4)+ h R H ¢ dkK KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ ·)+ m^R ¬ R / g¤R 7c 7'±+ C¢ 1 F 9ct 8'±+ cFy1I y R . RG+) , g,c=3 3yR ¹ i {¤E ¡x B R hE+ g 9yB F y2&±+ ¢d F Í>I %¥R 7 M yR }. RG+) g¤R ;+y Ã^R E+

kd¨U 7 Qn+3g= mh lG+ bF l=¦ ½ mJgG +4)+

jc=c h0±+ ° £ :¢ E+ 3¢ {hB g`¤R 7 Nj+3c= g=¢ Ï+ ° 9ct 8'±+ e {h K c¤1'±+ § , ° +4 ^ = j+¢ 9'±+ ¢ .I -ÍkD j M c ;c F m^¬I Ê E+ 9yB F £ = ¢ ¤ C 9ct 8'+ ¸¢h {KI J^F £ = h» N |, g=¢ Ï+ . '+ sÇC)+ g |Cc µ+ -Í.I F ¤ thR E+I R Ñ+ +xH y2 3R ¢. ^C c § , I'+ g¤EchR E+ j+¢ ´+ gBcD zn hB g¤EchR E+ g ,5'±+ jc=c h0±+

¦xE+ }t | E '+ R R q¤B ΤR 9'±+ ΤR DÍF'±+ c {E+ § , c h {K c D Ê E+ c }= c h 7+ R ^ , c ,R 5 mÊRkE+ *cC^R E+ 6Icnh. ± iC¢E+ F -3^R º -^R µ E R hK '+ ¡^1I c } E+ à y2&+ N }t 8 ·)+ c } E+ G R hK E4 Ê E+ ° H5I3 ¤ ²+ x2'+ 5c hGc, Î.yR F R hE+ N }t 8 ¦R '± R qK ± f c ¤B g;5R ¢hµ+ jc¤R }t |E+ ·) R + 9ct 8'±+ yR hK '+ I3 F g |µ+ £ = gdR } F g |Cc µ+ £ d. '+ enK p dh K ±'+ §B'±+ B 8'c0 g;c,5 +I^¤ h {K £hR 1 pIy´+ ¤ = ,c }='+ 9ct 8'±+ ^ B +4)+ 3 g ,5'+ ^ , %¥R {E+ ¢ {E+ hdCc= ¢ ¤ 7 E4 ·) + ¡cdhG±cB E4 ·)+ L+ÍkD Iy2&±+ 9ct 8'±+ R gKR 3c¤h=±+ ÍKc µc, LcF+zhE+ ÉD'+ N c h0+ ¤ . +4 ^ = à jc=c h0+

} = pHgUoH+ H+ ´ ¡N5g UlH+ j}U 0 O+b¨ I H+ +|K nb0L +4)+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Ò /+ ÒR Ig= Ò, Ñ 2 P +~J 'g N Ò1 g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ° E+ Í 7 £ = E4 yR/¢( K ^ B *+3 N +z , g {hR F Î ¤F6 Î, gCÊ E+ iGcD +4)+ g 9c´+ .c0c³ L c BI c ¤¤ . à E -^R F E I^d. ^C g |µ+ ¡xH g,5c µ y R E+ J^1)+ ¤E)+ R g R µ+ R h. '+ à R 1 I3 JÅ E+ jcBÊ´+ i¤ , +4)cB +z R E+ R ³ L+^ 0 x,'+ E4 R D ¢BI

gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> .+5+y , +zhE±+ £ = g B+¢µ+ Î Ky E+ ÊD F e ;+I LÊ h {F g { 0 {¤*5 ^0 ½L'·+ -¨ º+ g¤EcRhE+ gR¤ 7c 7'±+ %J3cdµ+ ¤ ¤= e }G Lc :+I +zR E+ gR¤ 2 ° ¤ qRhEc, g { ²+ {¤*5 '+^dK kªJgUoH+ -¨ º+ g;5R ¢hµ+ jc¤ }t |E+I 9ct 8' ±+ rEc }F Ê2 F g |µ+ 3^R qh. R h ¤<¢, c h1±c, r05'±+ £ = R h F ÎBy R E+ ÊD ¤¤ Rh E ¢ §´c, R h F ÎBy R E+ ÊD £ = ± rEc }µ+ £ = zRD5 +xE Ê´+ +xH ° R ³+ e1c 9 ¡Åh . '+ ^KyK c HÊD r05'±+ £ = jc¤R }t |E+ I' R + C+¢µ+ %c 7(IyR E+ F R h¤B ¥R 75 N c h0+ ¦R +' dC +z R E+ g ¤ 1 ° ÉD'+ R>¢hK '+ g { ²+ {¤*5 e>yK ^C I3 ¢qK ^C +z R E+ ° Î;5R ¢hµ+ y 7+P' F -^1 £ = R hE+ R +' c D g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ : %ÊFzR E+I F R F N |, §E+ £ = g *c E+ %c §=' + ¤n |. à E4 = Lc :¢= z µ+ ° +z R E+ +xH -5c/)+ R +z R E+ R 1 0'+ -^1 £ = KyB R D F g { ²+ {¤*5 R hK koHgUoH+ -¨ º+ R }K '+ Ni }, {¤*yR E+ Icq¤B m^1 cµ gd {R Ec, ¡y G g 0I 3y {E 6ÊE+ iC¢E+ KyB R D c K m+^1'±+ j+Í { . Î, F g¤R ¤ ³+ m+^1'±+ ·)+ {¤*yR E+ e¤nh {K R / c R D j±c G±+ = Íd hR E+ R hK £hR 1 %I^ , Î Ky E+ ·)+ %c 9)±+ R hK Î Ky E+ ÊD pchqK Jy0 cF R D 9¢ }t, e :c>I M Kz1 iG'+ D R .'+ Î Ky E+ ÊD y=c |F R D F g¤R E+ ¡xH iR® +4)cB y=c |µ+ ¡x , Í E+ +Ç=+ F ¡y=c |F = {¤ hR E+I K'+y, %±3)±+ ·)+ I'R ±+ Ky E+ = -53c }E+ gn=zµ+ y=c |µ+ £ = R K E y2&±+ Ky E+ R +' ¥ K +x B -^1 £ = N KyB R gFR c E+ Dc |µ+I m+^1'±c, r05'±+ £ = N KyB R E -ÍdD gC5I £ = gq*± ^R K '+ {¤*y E à gq*ÊE+ ¡xH gqR 9 £ = Î Ky E+ ^¤D'c. F g¤ :cµ+ j+¢ {E+ ° i CI ¥hE+ R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

y2&±+I rEc }EcD R Î Ky E+ ^1'+ ¤ }. F c R D jc 1ʵ+ ¢ t. '+ £ = {¤*yR E+ 9yqK RG+' £ = F^R KI ¡yO Ky . y2&+ }t 8 y {K ' + ^1'+ R qh {K ± LÊkF i C +4)+ 7'c, ± yKy |EcD M R ^ , Lcq :+I {¤E yF'±+ R +' c¨ y 7 ^C yKy hR E+ R '+ ^ h K {¤*yR E+ R '+ ¥ K ± ExB 9c´+ = R P Î Ky E+ ÊD F I'R ±+ c h0±+ {¤*yR E+ R K k ,+}U H+ -¨ º+ nR hE+ ^=I y2&±+ ·)+ %c 9)±c, N KyB R D ^ K '+ LÊkF Iy |E+ § , :yB ·) + g0c³+ ¢=^. ^C R LcR¤ }t 8 ¤ = {¤*5 ¤ h {K y |E+ R g D sy P. ÎqB Î Ky E+ Ê E g R F 0¢E+ %cF 1I y |E+ cKc §C ¢ . ^C R ¦R '± ÎBy R E+ ÊD +Ç1+ g¤R H'+ £ = 3^R |K '+ à c D cHÍk. ¥hE+ y=c |µc,I c h¤R H'c, Ç K '+ g nR E+ ^= § K ' R + g { ²+ {¤*yE à g R¤ F Ng 1yF ^ = c R.±+ m^qK B ±)+I ¤E)+ 9¢ R RhE+ R hK c R.+ g |µ+ sÊ 9)+ 0'+ F E+ = %yµ+ ¥ . ¥HI g¤R :yB 3yR ¹ c RG'± LchRC(¢F g E+ . c h 7+ ^ , gÃ^C g , N { hF R Ne D D¢ KI ¤ = 4¢qh {K ¢ µ+ +xH ÇK 9ct 8'±+ § dB g¤R 7c 7'±+ DI g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ d h {F 0'+ F E gByR |µ+ g ¤d R E+ = R . yR qhR E+ ·)+ Î Ky E+ B3 +Ç1+ R , yM K^0 E4 6c¾)+ R +' ¥ :cµ+ F Fc hR E+ k Igº+ -¨ º+ R E c Gc¤ {G à ±I 5yR §hµ+ Ky E+ c Rd hK ¶ ¥hE+ g¤ :cµ+ m+^1'±+ ¥H cF 3^R qK '+ g nR E+ {¤*5 £ = +Ç=+ I'+ eGRxE+ £ = N ¤E3 F H E E4 £ = L±ckF Åh K 3+^=)+ F RG+' £ = Ã^ .I yKy . gCy 7 ¼ Í> ¥R *c G R 1 ·)+ ¢ 9¢E+ R +' Rd hK '+ 5yR §hµ+ Ky E+ y §K ^C E4 Rr }K ¶ c1 ° # , c ¤ = c R.±+ à ¥hE+ J^µ+ -^¤ dE+ +^H'±+ ^K^¬ k 73g H+ -¨ º+ U ° K +6 cF c HÊD ¢ ¤ 7 r05'±+ £ = gF3c E+ { ´+ j+¢ {E+ ° +yR K '+ Î Ky E+ 'c 7)+ R ·)+ c HÊD r K '+ ¢0yµ+ F #c F R D ^KyK +4cF .+4 £ dµ+ ° c ,R 5I c { G g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ R , ± c ¤d } F ° ¥CÇE+ c R,5I c ¤h ¤<¢, c h1±+ +^KyK c RG+' r05'±+I gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ Í2 ·)+ c0chqK c RG+' c D jc¤R EI(¢ {µ+ F ^Kzµ+ ÊhF+ I'+ {¤*yR E+ ¢ K '+ ^KyK c HÊD R +' hÐ+ F GÊ K c R = £ :yR Ec, +y |K ¥D r05'±+ £ = yK^ RhE+ £ = E GI^KyK cF R D +¢Ec K E j±c³+ ¡xH kF ° 9ct 8'±+ R +' ·)+ -5c 8)ÊE {¤*yR E+ y §K ^C

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

ÅD'+ g¤R EI(¢ {F R qh¤ 7 Lc KyB R +' c : µ+ F jcK¢ {hR E+ F Lc=¢G ¢R qh {K RGc) B Fc= R D 5+y> Í> g R µ+ rEc } B B E4 R qhE LÊH'+ g¤ }t |E+ R ¡xH iGcD c1 ° LÊdC c R qhK cD cR¼ gKR ¢EI'±+ Lc *+3 h¬ g¤R F¢ ³+ ° yR }hR E+ g¤R ¤ , c F LÊD ¥ 9¢KI -^1 £ = R D +z R E+ °y , L+3^R ¹ ¥ h K '+ g nR E+ {¤*yE Ã +4)+ ¸cRhE+ £ µ+ LÊkF Î Ky E+ ^1'+ K ^C gF3c E+ g {E+ ° +L 3^R ¹ c H5IzK '+ c H^ KI d h {µ+ R ° ¢ . '+ ¤ = I'+ By }, ¥ 9I'c {B gF3c E+ g {E+ J^F £ = ,c }=' c, R qhR E+ h {. ¶ R =c E+ %c 9)±c, '+^d. '+ ¤ = I'+ N v'cD h Fc F enKI I^= {¤E y2& ±+ Ky E+ R +' N ¢K R D { G R 3c 1'±+I JIc |E+ ¡xH R D F =3 I'+ -^¤ F jcF¢ F R h. '+ ¤B y2&±+ Ky E+ ·)+ R -^ µ+ ° Lg1yC E edR {h {B |K '+ ÃI LgBcD c ¤ R<¢F ·)+ ¢ {E+ ¢GcC g ¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ^R hE Lcd 7c F iC¢E+ +xH ¢ K ^C R +xH cdR.+ ¢ K '+ enKI ¥R { ²+ 8yqhR E+I yR hE+I e § E+ j+5¢kD *ÊE+ Í> O ¢ {E+ ¢Gc E+ +xH R g ¤<¢Ec, c h1ÊE £hR 1I g¤CÇ E Lc¤R 7c 7'+ Lc;y 8 , ± g ¤<I R D jcdR hF F L+%z0 ¢Gc E+ 5+xh=±+ k ,g H+ -¨ º+ U ¶'±c, 9ct 8'±+ y |K ÎqB Î Ky E+ ÊD F g } F Njc=c h0+ ^ = ·)+ { E+ +xH pchqK ^C ^ B ` t, K5yR §hµ+ e {1 E4 = ¢EI(¢ {µ+ Ç K '+ ^¤ µ+ F g K¢; N-Ç E e § E+I ^¤ K ^C gRKz¤ G±+ g E+ ° E 7&+ ¥ RG+) LÊ*cC ¡5+xh=+ ^R K y2&±+ Ky E+ +¢ 7 ¢E H^=c {K cµ 7&+ cG'+I 05 j O y {D Î1 +L 3¢0¢F D'+ ¶ 'c ´c, 5+yC)±+ I3 F 7'R chR E+ £ F 5+xh=±+ £ = c RG'± M 7&+ cG'+ c /)±+ ¢ K ¥D gL Ky; ^0 9ct 8'±+ Î, jc=+zR E+ 'c | . Î1 +xE Jy0 cF £ = 7&+ ¥ R EI K4(I+' '+ ^ }C'+ ¶ y2&±+ y |K ¤D LcGc¤1'+ £ {G'+ ¥ RG+' Ç='+ N Ê2 fyC = F E+ ·)+ ch 8'+ I'+ i B g h µ+ jcCI'±+I gBc¤ §E+ {1 ° 5c | hR E+ k¢IgUoH+ -¨ º+ R ·)+ gR¤ E+ }h {B Lc §K'+ gR¤ dE+I g nR E+ {¤*5 gD5c |¨ fy |µ+I D'cµ+ ° cD5c |hK c Ky E+ cD +4)+ c F R D R hK ¥D gE3cdhµ+ jcBy }hR E+ r¤q }.I y=c |µ+ g¤ }. ¢qG gK+^, c RG+) L-'c;I t.I c hKc G -^K^0 gq 9 rhB F

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

k¨U I¦ ·+ Ñ> k U ¹+ ´ 5¦I'µ+ } . b = U g kF'±+ § , ^R G c¤ {E+ +xH ° %£;c´+ ¡cnR.±+ ·)+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> gO R µ+ F+¢ E+ F ^K^ E+ B^. ^C §B F c ='+ c R ¬ ¤D iBy=I jÊ |µ+ F Jy2'+ Lc=+¢G'+ jÅh2+ ^C i D +4)+ g¤R 04¢ R E+

k ¹+ L'+ b U H+ ¢¦ Uh lN µL £N'+5 %+b,)+ ¡N}2&ÎH ¢¦u¨lN µL « hH+ £ « , »)+ ¢¦ N µ ¢¦ U<¦¹+ ÑhG Q +~ , ¢¦hhU lN §lU 1

k lÔ+ ng,5g ¹+ C'±+ £ = L-^1+I L-yR F Ky hR E+ g 75c¼ ¤ ²+ F e ;+I } E+ '+yC)+ %c 9)±+ £ = -^=c { E g |Cc E g=¢ hF ¤ :+¢F £ = 5¢k E+ Ê2 F Ky hR E+ 5yR . '+ Ã R Ky hR E+ fyR 0 ^ R E+ dR . £ = -^=c { E } E+ y G'+ y E+ : g¤Ec B ÉD'±+ E+ £ = 7c R E+ -^=c {µ } E+ £ = R;)+ L+Í 2 Lc=6c . c=6c hK Î }t 8 -^=c {µ

k ¹+ k 9g¸+ £.+~U ¾ L'+ £ *g<L 9¦ x, w¦ :¦, ¢¦ £ N µ ¢¦ U<¦¹+ U

k lÔ+ ng,5g ¹+ gq :+I Njc 9+¢F ^K^¬ ·)+ -5+3)±+ { ¹ e 9c F c ¤B c¨ Ne } F R D pchqK g ¤<¢E+ jcdR hF r :I R ¶ +4)+ I'+ K^¤ h {µ+ I'+ gL d.yF £G3'±+ Î R<¢µ+ F *± Í> N |, 9ct 8'±+ yR }. +4)cB g ¤<I R E R §h.I E+ jc 9+¢F F gG5c µc, H(I+3'+ eOC+yKP '+ ^¤ µ+ B E+ ° £ }C'±+ H3¢ ¹ +¢ExdK R hK '+ dC j+¢ 7 mÊkE g ¤<¢E+ I^. LÊk B h ¤<¢, R<¢µ+ c ¤B hq¤ 7 ¥hE+ -^R µ+ -Í2'±+ ¡xH g ¤R F R 7 ^ = ^=c hR E+ ·)+ R<¢µ+ gEc1)+ enK I'+ c h 0+yF ^ , I I K5c hE+ fyR 0 K^¤ h {µ+I Lgd.yF £G3'±+ Î R<¢µ+ ¡cª D¢ 7 {1 R N -Í 9 = g 85I ¤ h, LÊkF g R µ+ p5c2 F N }t 8 c¤ D Jy2'+ jc,5c F £ = 5¢k E+ à E4 ® Jy2'+ g¤R F¢ 1 Í> Njc R F R EI ¤¾)±+ I'+ &+y E+ F g ¤R F ;c F ¢1 jc |Cc F %+y0)+ I'+ c F ^¤ h {. Njc,5c F

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Î }t 8 I'+ K^O ¤ h {F 3cnK)+ ÃI = g 85I c H R +' :ÇB)+ 5+I3'±+ ¤k hE gKR ¢ E+ -+3'±+ ^th 7+ ^R : Íd E+ R<¢µ+ 5I3 cK3R ¢( K l¤1 N^ |F ¤k® c F e ;'+ g¤BcD Ng=cn |, c hR hK g R µ+ p5c2 F ¢1y ¤B LÊkF LcdEc> Î R B g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ¢ R<¢F cD +4)+ ^¤ h {µ+ ^R : R<¢µ+ I'+ Í }E+ R<¢µ+ R Rk µ+ £ B N c h, G¢ Fc KI 5c }E+ ¢ h {K 5cd E+ ¢ R<¢µ+ cD +4)+ I'+ g¤R }t |E+ g ` 7' ±+ F Ík E+ R R %¥R {E+ ¢ {E+ ¤k® g 1ÊF ' c 8 B q §KI 7c R E+ ^ }K N |, ¢ {E+ +xH ^¤ {ª ° EcdK ' + R R c ¤B g¤R *cÃ)+ I'+ gKR ¢ 7 g¤R 1y {F ° g,5c µ+ ¡xH ¤d . jc R µ+ § , r¤h. C+¢µ+ ͤ . ·)+ B^K '+ cH4'±+ ° -5¢ º c *c , F R F N |, §E+ ;+¢F 3 ^R ¬ '+ R N ¢ 7 ¢GcC ¤d . £ = } E+ ° -3^R º ¥H c D g¤R Bc :)±+ -¢ ´+ } . R ¢ 7 ¢GcC 9 g ¤<¢E+ jc 9+¢F F %N znD ¤ ²+ £ = c R D g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ : Lc`K35 +y 8)±+ cD +4)+ } E+ ·)+ y G'+ +y 8)±+ J¢h {F {1 R c R,5 ¥R 05c2 f5R ^¨ gGc h 7±+ F gR¤Ec B ÉD'±+ g,5c µ+ E+ g 85I R |h {B

k ¹+ k¨U I¦ ·+ Ñ> k U ¹+ +bK'+ bxN µ -5+3)µ+ Ä U¢)+

k lÔ+ ng,5g ¹+ -y 8cd E g Ky R E+ R |. } E+ ° c D y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+ c GI ¢ E+ c G K5c® R E R R ͤ hR E+ g¤R , Lc §K'+ cL ¤R 05c2 Lc,5R ^F yF'±+ eR hK '+ hÐ+ F E gF^2 ·)+ c ,R 5 ÅD'+ gKR ¢EI'+ ¥ hB ͤ hR E+ ·)+ g0c³+ dR h. '+ e.+yµ+ h» ^ = -5+3)±+ £ = ¥ d K %+5^µ+ pchqK ^C c D gF^´+ jcR¤CÊ2'+ : R<¢F R D eK5^. -3c=)+ F hD5c |FI Î R<¢µ+ gKc=5 gK3'c. Gc F)c, R '+ +¢hdkK '+ ¢ ¤ h {K ± KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ cFR '+ eK5^. -3c=)+ ·)+ gd.yF R D ^ = ¢By |µ+I E+ F +¢By }K ^C , ± +¢RCÇK B -^K^²+ g Ky R E+ BI E+

k ¹+ © N ¨*}U H+ b N º

k lÔ+ ng,5g ¹+ m^R qhR E+ ¢ ¤ h {K KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ 3^R 1 {¤*yR E+ ·)+ gd { R Ec, c¤G3 hd.yF iGcD +4)+ } E+ '+yC)+ KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ H # ÇqK ¡+y. F E¢1 F 9ct 8'±+ FR c' . c , yR }hK ¥hE+ g Ky R E+ 9¢ }t, ¤E)+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

° #¥ }K ª Ng Ky , F m^qhR E+ ¤ h {K F #-5+3)±+ { ¹ F 3yB #¡^E+I #LcdEc; cD Î1 By= %±(¢H ¥=c {F cd1)+ ¥ d K +xE ¡5Iy> I6zR K E¢1 eh µ+ ° 7cR E+ F Mg=¢ ¹ yRB¢h. ^C { G iC¢E+ L+5+y .I L+5+yF c EI+z. '+ Ã ¤ = Í/'chR E g ¤ {, N y; ° yR B 7c R E+

k ¹+ O+~U ulI -5+3)µ+ ½ b N º k lÔ+ ng,5g ¹+ ¥H c D ¢.¢ {¤E ° y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+ c GI ¢ E+ c G K5c® ° g |µ+ ¡xH ·) + yR hR E+ ¯R R R } E+ ° -3^R º

k ¹+ bU UlH+ ¢¦ F} N g¨ H+ ~G+}¹+ ´ ¢¦U ¹+ 3+}E'µ+ § , g¤Cy hR E+ ¤ , gF^´+ ° ¢;'±+ -Ç E+ £ §F'+ ¦xE+ }t | E E+ ^¤Ec . r¤h. I ^R E+ § , ° R R cHy 7'c, ^R hR E+ g¤R = c /+ I'+ R {F M 05 Cy K l¤1 jc R µ+ 'c | hB g ¤<¢E+ %+3'+ £ = .5^C = y R E+ -5IcÏ+ g R µ+ ^R : g ¤ = *c : yK^K I'+ Lc *+3 Lg>5cB eK5^hR E+ g 75^F n¤B

k lÔ+ ng,5g ¹+ KyF'+ xR . '+ g |µ+ ¡xH Âc . g R F R D £ = gF+y 9 ÉD'+ = jc 9+¢FI 5c¤h2+ ÍKc F 3c h=+ Å= d h {µ+ ° gEc³+ ¡xH 5+y . ^= F ^RDc' h. yK^µ+I -5+3)±+ { Ï gd { R Ec, s¢ {µ+I ¢ µ+ j+3c 85)+ : g05^µ+ K6+¢µ+I ,+¢ §E+ Î {¬I ^FcH yK^F F }R thE+ F ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = -5+3)±+ { ¹ R hK ± ^C 3y E+ F Fc h. R / Í §qRhE+ { Ï+ g=c h 7c, E gF6ÊE+ gKc ³+ ¤<¢. Iy 8 E yRB¢. ^ B ÎFc= Ê2 ¡^=c . 5c hGc, 5c¤h2+ I'+ .c¤R 1Ê 9 c G ¤ 7¢. = z0c= ¢ B -3I^º .c 7 R +' E r :¢K ' R + Ã g qR E+ hE L+^=c }B iC¢E+ E4 x F +¢ §ByK '+ { Ï+ 3+yB'± ÃI ÎFc= F ÉD'± E+ g Cy= I'+ 2 ± g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ¢H c H c R K cF +I5yR K '+ Ã c D -5yR hµ+ {0+¢HI KIc 8 ·)+ %c 9)±+ Lc`¤ 8 yF'±+ §K ^C -5cd E+ ¡xH 5+y . R¯ cF +4)cB gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ d h {F |Cc G cG¢=3 3+yB'±+ hR hK Rk¼ c 75)+ £ = 9y1)+ F 5N +yC £ = ¢ }³+ yF'±+ zE cF +4)cB ¦R 3+^dh 7±+ ¡5I3 F Lc`¤ |B p¢ §R E+I %I^ E+ £ = g Bcq E L+5x1 ¢ K '+ Rk µ+ £ =I c H^1I , c h0ÊE LcFc® E NIc {F N :¢, F Fc . g ¤;

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

k ¹+ H4 k Fg I U l. º ¡ H k¨U I¦ ·+ Ñ> k U ¹+ bK Hg2 3g H+ g 75c¼ Ê2 F gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> gO R µ+ gP F¢ ³+ ¤¬ ^C p5c´+ F E4 m^qK '+ à ¤ hE §t. g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F ·)+ ¦'+ c 7c, y2&+ N ;cG ·)+ Î R<¢µ+ +^dh 7+ I'+ I §E+ R (Government-organised NGO) gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ¤¬ '+ gR¤ 7c¤ {E+ f+z1'ÊE à c D gF¢ ³+ R '+ ¦'+ 2+^R E+ F ¡xH ¢q R hR E+ g¤R = 5^ }. c¤1'±+ § , °I c *c §='+ £ = cµ+ 5R ^. gL R F g *c E+ %c §='+ ·)+ c C+¢FI cH35+¢F K¢qh, Lc`¤ |B Lc`¤ 8 '+^d. cF M-y 7'+ c .'c |G'+ gR¤F¢ 1 Í> g R F ±+ *c 7¢E+ FI f5cC'±+I ^R ³+ 6c¾)c, c hFR y, g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ sc¤.5+ ¢H ^ E+ = ¢qh E Jy2' R jc, Îh 7 ^ , jc R {µ+ %c { R E+ 0'+ F . Lg R F ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = x2 c ='±+ F £G3'±+ ^Kzµ+ y h {K jcF^´+ Ä^ . R '+ c D ÉD'cB ÉD'+ K g R µ+ R , }hR . ¥.+¢ E+ j+^¤ h {µ+ 3^= à c E {,ʵ+ § ,I g¤F3 LcKR ¢ 7 L-yR F 6R ¢. ¥HI -3¢0¢µ+ j±c³+ ·)+ g }, i R à ±I iC¢E+ F ¢ R<¢µ+ ±)+ Âc K EI ¸chR E+ ¢¤E+ ° c ,+¢,'+ gEcD¢E+ ¡xH . '+

k lÔ+ ng,5g ¹+ y } E : yR hK ^C m^qK cF Í 9 R<¢F J^R ¬ +4)cB 2+^R E+ F c h²c F L+^R 0 e }K g |F ¡xH R Ng Ky , 3y E Ã E j¢ E+ ·)+ g0cq, y 7'±+I +^ dE+ F ^K^ E+ ° -53cG *c<¢E+ R +' ·)+ -5c 8)±+ F c FI g=Iy |µ+ jc¤R n¤.+Ç 7±+ yK¢ .I %c ³+ = lqdEc, '+^dK '+ g*3cH pcnh1±+I { G'+ ¤ . £ = K^¤ h {µ+ ¤n |. gBcq }E+ c hH+ fx0 £ = 9y³+ R ¦ynK cF ¢¼ I' R + g Ky 8 g R F ¦R '+ 5^. '+ £ = 9y³+ g¤R Fc G g 0+yF I'+ I jc,c {³+ ° h {F ¸ R cF ¤C^. ¤ . F 9c2 R N |, ¢E¢ µ+ R R hK ^C

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 9: Building Good Back-up Services

5chF) ~ F)

+^¥³) g¥9c¥h/²) jcG^µ) #c *

-b¨U ¶+ -5+3)µ+ g ¤R F g R F ° -^¤R ²+ -5+3)±+ R )cB E+ x¤ . = I(¢ {µ+ }t |E+ cD L cKR +' I g R F -^¤R ²+ -5+3)±+ iGcD c F R ¥ K c¨ R h . uE)+ ÂIÇ E±+ ^KÅE+I *c 7yR E+ Ê2 F Î R µ+ 5c µc, c }R.+ £ = Og R µ+ ¥ dP. c¤ §Ec, R ^M 1'+ y |K Ê`E g=¢ hF R R c F ° Iy2&+ ¢ R<¢F ¤B K NiCI ° g n E+ 5¢º eh µ+ F ª gEz E+ I'+ c ¤ = 5¢k E+ gR¤Gc F)+I c ¤/^¬I jÊ 7+yµ+ e¤.y. £ = Bc¬ 3^R Ð+ ^=¢µ+ ° d.+5 ¤ ²+ £R hK '+ £ = 9y¬ ¦R y 7I F N c F ° g¤R }t |E+ jcR µcD jcR µ+ § , £ = Bc¬ R gR¤Ecµ+ j±c }K)±+I jÊn {E+ lK^¬ £ = Bc¬ R R hK '+ enK y.¢¤dF¢ E+ -z 0'+ iF^th 7+ +4)cB -^¤R 0 gKR 5+3)+ Nj+5c ¨ g R µ+ ° N }t 8 R D hR hK '+ ¥ d K iGcD %+¢ 7 c dR K '+ ¤ ²+ £ B jc 75c¼I Nj+%+y0)+ :I ¯R +4)+I yK^µ+ ¤B ¨ c F+^th 7+ F ¤ ²+ Í> g R µ+ R +' £ = ^¤D'chR E+ R µ+ F  R IÇ E±+ ^KÅE+ *c 7yE ^=+¢C I'+ gdC+yµ+I g¤R 2+^R E+ j+yRDx E j+5c h 7+ g,c¤ R Ec, gR µ+ c ='±+ IxR KI y E+ 7'+ ° ¢ d K KxE+ ÎDc {µ+ ¦'+ ¤ = hR KP L+Í 1 ® ± g¤R F¢ ³+ *cH %N e= R qh, c³+ , ¥ h KI ¤ ²+ =

k «*gE %O gh='+ il ¹+ ´ ¨ hH+ U<¦¹+ U ° µ

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

ng¨U l 0¦ H+ g0c³+ ¢=^. l¤1I Î1 jÊ 9+¢FI 35+¢F 3¢0I £ = ^¤D'cRhE+ F K5c |µ+ x¤ . £ = jcR¤h {0¢R E+ = } K R gKc E -^R F jc¤R h {0¢E ·)+ g0cq, c µ+ § , R +' ·)+ -5c 8)±+ 5^ª E4 ·)+ enK LcKR ¢ 7 j+yR F ,5'+ r¤ hR E+ 1+yF ^K^¬ ·)+ pch¬ +xE gd 7c µ+ jcCI'±+ ° Í }E+ pc0 ^R E+ r¤ . ^Ky. LÊkF R c D g {E+ 5+^F £ = I^E¢K c ;' ±+ R E y 8'+ g {. R E+ dK Î1 LÊkF gd }³+ ^R : r¤ RhE+ R hK '+ R £ R {KP c¨ ¤ = +xE 1 g ³ £hR 1 g 9c E+ ° -5+6¢E+ F G g ³ x F sc E+ -3Iy, £ = g BcÐ+ ·)+ pch¬ gCc R E+ I'+ ÎB+5cdE+ I'+ %c,y E+ ¸cRhEc, :y K cR¼ gE6c E+ K3c }E+I j+3+ ÅR E+ F g=¢ ¹ ¥HI -35cdE+ g { {Ec, R R g¤ F ¡c¤FI §Ec, . ¢ R E g¤=I'+ F j+^R µ+I y,)±+ ¤ hE N c G ·)+ pch¬ { G iC¢E+ °I g¤R { |E+ R R I'+ ¤ {¤G¢¤E+ I'+ -5+6¢E+ 'c 8 F E Lc §K'+ Jy2'+ j+^R F ·)+ g0cq, iG'+ c³+ g ¤d , ÎB+5cdE+ F g¤=I'+I zK3 3¢CII *c 7I N-5c¤R 7 ·)+ pch¬ RG+' ° R 8 ±I c R D cH^K^¬ ° ^=c {. '+ ÅD'+ g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F ¤E+I3 +x HI -5cR¤ {E+ gGc¤ }E N }t 8I gR¤;c¤h1+ NjÊn=I ¡M|² b=g ª 7 ku H+ g¿ ¶ . k ªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> l U ¢I £ . ¼ g1 ¶ £N} lU H+ +|K hU . ¤'+ ¢ É U U x G Ó UlHg, -} 8gh»+ © = +|K k/Ð/ I Oghu I OgUN¨¢ 7 Qn+U}I ,5'+ M}F qÐ/ 5L . ¨ 7 g¥, k ªÖ+ ;g¢»+L .b hH k N}2 © = Ï='+ ¦ªH)+ tgl² g® ku*· 3+b=)g, '+b,)+ ª . n+bU IL -35g, N3g¢ 9 ¶ ng1g HL k=g ¸+ £I Ô :}U  # 7gU¢H+ » kh U¢Hg, wg H Og0gªl1+ ÏG'·+ M} H+ «K gI ¤¨ U ¢lN K wg H+ © = ¨ u H n+ÍI¨ ªG -} = £I ÏG'· +LÓ N £H 7g¢U H+ £ 7 F+¨I ¶ }U E #k¢ H+ Ð2 U # g¢K k ªU H+ %g ­ H } ­l 7 K #g¥¢I -3¨ H+L M} H+ ½)+ ¨ 9¨ H N} H+ } l ª 7 G ¡g U H Ogh ; g¥ª = 3g l=·+ ª l . ·L -Ó E M} HgE I ÏG'+ ngªU 0g1 |2'+ ½)+ } ­l 7 kHg¹+ . ¶

¤2 e }G ° B ¢¤R h {0¢R E+ yR K ± +zE6 ¢CI c1 ¥ B d {µ+ ¤ thR E+ ¢H ¥R h {0¢ E+ c F 6y,'+ F g/Ê/ eD+yµ+ y h {hB Lc §K'+ gF3c E+ g/ÊRkE+ y 8'±+ J^F £ = jcR¤0c³+ ° , L+¢. cHÍB¢. enK ¥hE+ %J5+¢ R E+ R j¢¤dE+ %c , -3c=)+ ^ , i 7)±+I p¢ µ+ ^K^³+ e ² y 8' + R

ngJ6+¦¹+ :L kJ6+¦¹+ :L 5L3 I'+ Iy |F ¦R '± gd { R Ec, -c¤³+ +¢C ¢H cµcB Iy |F R D g 1 5+^F £ = Lc¤R 7c 7'+ L+5I3 gG6+¢µ+ :I e K LcR¤ 7c 7'+ L+y } = gG6+¢µ+ 3+^=)+ Åh K c H F gG6+¢µ+ Ê2 F d § E §tK ¢HI g R R¤F¢ 1 Í> Ng R F

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

L-y B Iy |µ+ %+5^F à '+ R µ+ F ¤ thR E+ 1+yF Ê2 c hFR y, gdC+yµ+I ¤ tR hE+ ¥h¤R = F ¤ }. £ = L+y/'+ R tK '+ E4 'c 8 FI Iy | E g¤R ¤ ³+ g hR E+ = g ¤C3 35+¢µc, Âc {G)±+ £ µc, c ,R 5 Iy |µ+ pchG gG5c µ c¹ ÊB ¤Ec hR E ¥R C+I yM K^ . yRB¢hK ¶ +4)+ Nj+5+yC 4ctR.+ F c¤ E+ -5+3)±+ ¨ E4 edR {hKI g hR E+ l¤1 F Iy |µ+ g¤R Ec B ¦'+ g,¢ µ+ cF N Iy |µ g §*c E+ gG6+¢µ+ g . B^P. LÊkF -3I^Ð+ 35+¢µ+ +^th 7± £ § E+ g Ky R E+ ¢1 g¤R n¤.+Ç 7+ ¤t §. ° g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F iEc> +4)+ Jy2'+ N-5cd , Jy2'±+ K5c | E yRB¢hµ+ K¢ hR E+ } G Ê2 F R D 7c 7'+ Lc §K'+ ¥H gG6+¢µ+I c R ¬ '+ à ¥hE+ g¤R Ec 0)±+ o*ch R E+ F }R . ¢ {B Iy |F gG6+¢F ¥R 05c2 N K¢® £ = ¢ }³+ 0'+ F ÎqGcµ+ F g¤R Ecµ+ jc :Ic µ+ -5+3)·+ 7g 7'+ b¢l NL ¾ U gI Q ,g ­G k ªF3 QkJ6+¨I 3+b=)+ OgI+ H vh N ©lU 1 Q L} » Ó ­ulU H+ U lN ¤)+ gI ¡gª H+ ªul »+ £I k ªF3 QkJ6+¨I ¤LbhE kJ6+¨»+ ¶ t5b»+ g J)·g, 9g¹+ g J)·+ kJ5g I © = kUªHg»+ «¥l¢N ¤)+ gI L} »+ ªª . £I O+% 0 kJ6+¨»+ U . ¤'+ irN O+Ó2'+ H|,

f¨ 6%* ´ $f¹* K| H fnH ¶ g¥h.g I ¶ OkJ6+¨I kªU ,L5L'+ kI¨ 1 «KL kuJg»+ k¥¸+ nbU ='+ gª 7&+ ¶ %g H L} I 0'+ £I Q¤g I ¶ n}G4 L} H+ U U ¤'+ Pvªu 9 ngUx ­I I Q}d, } ¹ U¾g 0)+ Q hI bNb² U lE k 9g H+ kJ6+¨I ª . U lN ¼ } ¹g, OgIg lK+ ÏG'+ ¤gG L} »+ }NbI U¤'+ ·)+ §gª»+ tglJ)+ 5g,&·+ © = U¤'+ }2&+ ¦Eb¥, OgI l I U < N} U H+ «o / ½)+ L} »+ 9L ¤'+ b ,L k ªF3 kUªJ+bªI Qng J 7g 7'+ © = L} »+ }I'·+ +|K ½)+ £P U Á 5g 8'+ gIb¢= §gª»+ £I k>5gE mJgG 5g,&·+ J U¤'+ %g¢ol 7g, kJ6+¨»+ 3Lbu,L Q ,L kNg H }U2'glI QmFL ¶ gK6gÄ)gE g¥U G kEg¸+ 5g,&·+ } 1 -3g=)+ ½)+ L} »+ jgu 9'+ } :+ §Ó> © = k *ÐHg, [ G © H'+ ªª lU H+ mFL ¤g1 Ô1L kJ6+¨»+ ¨ N

kJ6+¦¹+ :L ¦uJ k¨U Hg 0)µ+ k,5g ¹+L N} lU H+

Í 7 ^R . Ê2 LcdEc> jcG6+¢µ+ g 0+yF eª +L 4)+ jc;c | R E+ F -^1+I Ng=¢ Ï g RC¢hµ+ ¤Ec hR E+ gG6+¢µ+ }. g hR E+ gG5c F F -^*cB ÊB gK+^dE+ ° c E R 2P ¥hE+ . = -xR µ+ jc;c | R E+ ht. Î1 +xH m^qK Iy |µ+ f¢ RkE+ m+^1)+ I'+ c .ÅE+ %+y |E g RC¢hµ+ g hR Ec, 5c,&±+ y 1 I'+ sc hR E+ %+y |E g¤R E+ cC5'±+ fc {1 ¯R ¤D B ¤qh {¤ 7 ±)+I g¤R FI g ¤ {, Ng Ky , g¤R EI'±+ gG6+¢µ+ 3+^=)+ µ+ F RG+' +xH ¥ K -y¤R hµ+ Iy R E gG6+¢µ+ ¤¤ . ¤qh {K ¸chR Ec,I Ê;)±+ £ = c ,c {1 ¯R +4)+ I'+ g¤R 9'±+ '+ hG6+¢F £ = R K F ¦Y +' £ = enKI ^¤R 0 N |, c :y=I gKc , jcG6+¢µ+ 753 R hK '+ g¤R H'±+ Ec, F L+4)+ sÇ . LÊ 9'+ ehPD cF J^R hK ° R c :)+ N sy 8 ·)+ g0c1 cÀI3 yF'±+ zE +4)+ c ¤¤ .I cHy 7'c, c B F R hK E4 E Lg Ky; g¤EcRhE+ jc 1ʵ+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

ng,g ·+ k¨ , ¦1 ng 1ÎI cHÅ= R }P. ¥hE+ g Ky R E+ ¥H jc,c {³+ g¤ , I -3^R º Njc,c {1 g¤ , £ = 3c h=±c, gG6+¢µ+ c }P. ÎR¤EI^R E+ Î R<¢µ+I ÎR¤ Ð+ Î R<¢µ+ BI ¤Ec RhE+ ¤ }. à ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = ¤Ec RhE+ LcK5c0 Iy |µc, E+ rd }K )+ cF Jy2'+ ·)+ Njc,c {1 g¤ , F c hG±+ e }K L-3c= uE)+ y {E+I R cD +4)cB c ,c {³ . ¥hE+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ .c= £ = jc,c {³+ g¤ , 5c¤h2+ g F . '+ à enK gF5c 9 Njc,c {1 £ , ÎR¤05c´+ ÎqGcµ+ § , à E 5c¤´+ +xH 3c h=+ ¥ d K ExD yF'±+ à cF y 7'c, c h1±+ +xH 75^, ¤ = =Iy |µ Lc¤R 05c2 LÊK¢® £R h. i D +4)cB Lc §K'+ c ¤¤ . y 8c E+ } E+ y G'+ gd 7c F jc,c {1 g¤ , %c |G)+ Ê2 F Lc 1± -ÍdD Lg R |F ¤ = yRB¢h 7 ¸cRhEc,

,+}U H+ u ¹+ ´ kU¨ H+ ngJ6+¦¹+ n+%+}0)+ ¡I bN~¹+ § = U;)+ j¨T H¦ ·* Ñ= mf T ¹* ´ mÎHf G* $f T G ¡M|² g¢U I n+Óo H+ m :}U . Hgh»+ 0 bª0'+ · L ¡gF5'·+ I Ig lU H+ £ 1'+ · %g ¢U H+ £I Óo H+ 33U }. kH&+ ¬} ­1'+ H4 U G « J)+ £ H ngUª :gNU}H+ ¤brN · ng ª U H+ ngªl H+ U¤+) g¢H ªFL gJ} 9 ¶ kN}x H U L'+ kJ6+¨I 3+b=)+ £I Ô¢U ll 7L ÔJ4'+ -3+bU 7 « : L'+ k*3gK OkNL+6 ¬b0 U / £ UoH+ k ª25 iªr H kh 7g1 }Nb . u I £I ªG}. k=¨ ¿ k Fg¢I £= O·goI ªH)+ }2&+Q x 8 U¬'gG OgIg´ ¡gF5'·+ ¡+bxl 7g, k U 2 :L L'U ·+ u »+ ng0g¹+ kEL} I kHg1 yN5glU H+ +|K b¥ 8 b E ¹+ ¶ £U ¥xN5g. £= -'+}I+ m/bU ² gI¨ H+ ¶ M}F qÐ/ ¶ U %¨ 7 k1Í »+ :g¥0)·+ jgh 7'+ £I H4 b , +¨.gI g ;'+ ¥¢ª, OgªU 1 OÐ ; jgÄ)+ ½)+ n3U '+ ¹+ £I £ H £U ¥.5g 2 © = ng 7&+ £H N gI %g ¢U H+ mJgG OgªU ¢0 k l¢»+ :+}I'·+L gN5л+L ¡bU H+ } EL kN| lU H+ £U ¥ªH)+ « N £I g¢K U¤'g, n+bª 7 %g ¢U H+ lH ¹+ n·g1 bU I «h l1)+ ¤&·+ O%gª1'+ +LbHL £N|H+ g ;'·+ Ub I «h l1)+ U / #U«1 Q ; jgÄ)+ ½)+ nU3'+ «lH+ ¹+ n·g1 kh J «K gI kh U¢H+ jg l1+ «,U}0 ¤&·+L

if k0µ* j M|: ¨G(*

ËG'·+ F}U H+ © = ±gU¢H+ « F)+ U / k*g® ¦ª,} :+L Ô F}U H+ Ô, } 9'·+ F}U H+ ¬|2 X n5}U GL %Q h, mIbU . +4)+ £ H OÐ¥ 7 ªH }I'·+ #! © = ¡¨ I ! Ôur¢l E Ô.}U I ngUª H+

m¢ 1'+ k,¨0'·+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 10: Managing and Finding the Money

y 6c F) ~ F)

¢1cnL')J c¶) +3)1')

g¹+ -5+3)+ #kªU Hg»+ -5+3)·+ «K gI

0'+ F c = yK5c RhE+ 3+^=)+I c d :I c ¤ .I cF Ng R ¨ g 9c´+ g R R¤Ecµ+ 35+¢µ+ ¤ t. gR¤Ecµ+ -5+3)±+ R §h. c B+^H'+ ¤ ¬

-53g U H+ 35+¦¹+ -5+3)+ g R F ¤ qhE e 7c F N |, 35+¢µ+I g¤R Ecµ+ jcd E+ c h 7+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ §. '+ enK c ¤qGI enK c D iKzR E+I 3¢C¢Ec, cH3IzG ¶ +4) cB -5cR¤ 7 gGc¤ 9 gR¤Ecµ+ -5+3)±+ 3c . c B+^H'+I g R µ+ R = zn .I yF'±+ gKc G ° gDy³+ = RC¢hh 7 i H+P' +4)+I g¤R Ec , . EI R hh {B g h F NgGc¤ }, -3¢ } µ+ c h 0I ¢ , 5g 2'·+ -5+3)+

I'+ K¢ hR E+ eq {D c *c , £hR 1 , ± c .c¤R = 3^R . '+ c à g¤R 05c2I g¤R 2+3 y;c» c R D jc R µ+ 0+¢. dRd {. '+ à ¦xE+ 5y §E+ F ^R q E g R F g Ky , y;cÑ+ -5+3)+ enK c¤h1+ gR¤ = I'+ eh µ+ ° Ky1 f¢ |G R ¸ chE j+%+y0)+I g G'+ %c |G)+ Ê2 F E4 R hK R cµ+ d §E+ ÎF' R kªU rª.+Í 7g, -5+3)·+

g¤R n¤.+Ç 7+ g¤R H'c, z¤R hK ¢ B ¸ R cµ+ { E+ ¥ R<¢F .c= £ = £L F LÊ h {F Lc;c |G g¤R Ecµ+ -5+3)±+ Åh . ±'+ ¥ d K g¤R E+ -5+3)±+ yHc F gBcD ° ¹3 enKI

#¼U g¹+ h «H+ ¦K gI U

K gd 7c F Ng Ky , g R E g¤R Ecµ+ 35+¢µ+ -5+3)+ §. ¥hE+ c ='±+ F g=¢ ¹ ¢H ¸ R cµ+ d §E+ R ¥hE+ j+%+y0)±+I g G'±+ ¤ }. Ê2 F ¤ ¬ ÃI g¤R Ecµ+ -5+3)±+ e 9 ° ¸ cµ+ d §E+ ¢ F R R ¸ R ¨ g 9c´+ jc0c³+ e 7c . R cµ+ d §E+ I^dB g R R y t E ¢ 9'±+ :yR h. ÎqGcµ+ jcd>5 I'+ g R µ+ +^H'+ F e 7c hR Ec, +¢F'±+ c G)+ Ã ± g R µ+ gH+zGI %+5^µ+ -%c D ° ¤ |RhE+ Ã

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

#k¨U I¦ ·+ Ñ> ng U H kh U Hg, k U £I k¨U Hg¹+ -5+3)µ+ Él . Rº ¸ R cµ+ ¤ thR E+ ¢ K cF LcdEc B gKR ¢EI'±+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ F ^K^ E+ ° g¤R Ecµ+ -5+3)±+ R h¬ ± ¤Ð+ +xH ° %c d EI ¥R {Bc . N ¶c= ° . gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ R +' Í> gd 7c F Í> gdC+yµ+ g G'+I ·)+ g¤R Ecµ+ jcF¢ µ+ Ê h 7+ 0'+ F ÎF6ÊE+ g RkE+I E+ yK¢ . ·)+ %+5^µ+ pchqK jcKR ^qhR Ec, Bc³+ ^R 1 £ }C'+

¼gUlH+ ~r . ¢'+ kU¨Hg¹+ -5+3)µ+ ´ -bU¨¶+ k 75g H ¡ Ç %c K)±+I +^H'±+ ¢ , 0'+ F 35+¢µ+ £ = ÎEc R BI KyR/¢( F ÎBy |F +¢G¢ K '+ £ = %+5^µ+ ^=c {. g µ+ fcq 9'+ ¡cª jcF+zhE±c, fcq 9'+ F HÍ>I ÎqGcµ+ ¡cª gd 7cq E Lg :y= ÉD'+ ¢ . '+ £ = g¤F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ ^=c {. R g µ+ h k,I jcF^´+ F K^¤ h {µ+I %cDy |E+I gE¢ R µ+ j±cD¢E+ +Ç1c, £ ¬ R L-5^G 3+3z. 35+¢F R < ° g {Bc µ+ 6c¤hF+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> Og R µ+ r ® g05R ^hµ+ -3cKz EI K¢ R E+ J^µ+ £ = NgRK5+y h 7± c { G Í §¬ £ = gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ ^=c {. Lc¤R .+4 RB^hµ+ K¢ hR E+ °

¨ 7 Q , k¨U 7g 7'µ+ %M3gh¹g, g¨ H+ N hD ,5'± Lc BI j+%+y0)±+I g G'±+ %c |G)+ Ê2 F g¤R Ecµ+ -5+3)±+ ° -^¤R ²+ g 75c µ+ ·)+ 9¢ R hR E+ R hK ¥HI gR¤ 7c 7'+ gRK¢¤ , kh 7gÖ+ nÐr 7

C'±+ £ = R h. ¥D gK5c²+ g¤R Ecµ+ jc }E+ gBc , ¤C3 R n 7 £ = g R F R D Bc¬ '+ enK R g¤R Ecµ+ gd 7cÐ+ g ¤<I 7c, E4 ·)+ 5c |K K¢ hR E c Ec h 7+ g¤R ¤D jcd/)+ F ¾g»+ ª x UlH+ R N ¸ R cF -5+3)+ c G ¦R ±' 7c 7'±+ yn³+ gG6+¢µ+ R |. g¤R n¤.+Ç 7±+I g¤R E+ g R µ+ ´ gd { R Ec, K¢ hR E+ c h 7+ gdC+yF ° Lc¤R 7c 7'+ L+5I3 e .I kªU Hg»+ khF+}»+

R / gG6+¢µc, g R µ+ ^R . gG5c F F %+5^µ+ R hK ¥D -53c 9 gR¤ 2+3 yK5c . ¥H -5+3)±+ jc,c {1 d h {µ+ 'c |, j+5+y E+ 4ctR.+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

¥ :cµ+ ° +¢F'±+ c G)+ g¤R ¤D jcd/)± ΤR 05c´+ Î R Ð+ 0'+ F c hGc, 5^ }. g¤R Ecµ+ jcGc¤dE+ kªU 2+bU H+ ,+¨ ­H+ U

-5+3)+I g R µ+ ¢ 9'+ gKc ³ i :I g¤ 2+ ^R E+ ,+¢ §Ec, c ¤ 0 gBIy µ+ K6+¢µ+I ,+¢ §E+ P R R ° j±c >)±+I %c 2'±+ |DI gKR 6c hG±+ c¤h1±+ I'+ gCy {E+ R jc¤R = F ¢H c B^H y;cÑ+ gR¤Ecµ+ I(¢ |E+ -5+3) + = ÎEI(¢ {µ+ yK^ . ° c R E+ ¥R 2+^R E+ d §E+ c G ^¤ K gd 7cÐ+ jÊn 7 R R hKc 1I g R E F yDxP. JI^0 ± ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = gKR ¢¤ dE+ h E ¥R *z0 N ¤d h, ±)+ c R E+ ¸ R cµ+ d §E+ R R qhK E jÊn { E ¤B j±c >) ±+I %c 2'ÊE Lc |D c }qB R hK ¶ +4)+ g } F gd 7cº jÊn 7 £ = g BcÐ+ R R g¤R Ecµ+ -5+3)±+ 5+yC £ = %£;c2 N |, ¡5I^, yR/(¢K c¼R g R §F NjcF¢ F ·)+ ¦3R (¢. '+ g ¤C^R E+ Í>

kNU 5+3)µ+ kh 7gÔ+ ,g I k¨U Hg¹+ kh 7gÔ+ gd 7cÐ+ F Îh¤1cG g¤R Ecµ+ j+%+y0)±+I g G'±+ ¥ R . '+ enK c R B N |, g¤R Ecµ+ -5+3)±+ g¤R = R h. ¥D g G'±+ }K ¢HI jc,c {³+ { , 9c´+ ¥R F¢¤E+ E+ ¢H +xH gRK5+3)±+ gd 7cÐ+I gR¤Ecµ+ gd 7cÐ+ R jÊn {E+ R g R µ+ 2+3 m^¬ ¥hE+ gKR ^ R E+I g¤R Ecµ+ jc }E+ R y/'+ dR hhE gF^th {µ+ j+%+y0)±+I g=¢ hF R N +^H'± c }¤t .I gR¤Ecµ+ jcGc¤dE+ ¤ }.I kUN¨ª¢hH+ l H+

Î /±+ F NoKzF I'+ oFÅF N c G I'+ Ne¤R hD +^th 7+ Ê2 F g¤R Ecµ+ gd 7cÐ+ jÊn 7 £ = g BcÐ+ Ã ^ h µ+ ¥R E+ c R E+ R +' ±)+ g R¤ µ+ gR¤,c {³+ ÍKc µ+I +y='±+ § d, +zhE±+ ¦R 5Iy §E+ F R G+' FI R g=¢ hF F+¢ , d.Í 7 R -yRB¢hµ+ 35+¢µ+I -Å´+ c =¢GI jc }E+ n1 R %+5^µ+ jcFz h {F G ÎqGcµ+ ¡cª jcF+zhE±+ gE%c {F ·)+ Lc¤ 7 g ,c {E+ 1+yµ+ ° y . ¥hE+ gRK¢ {E+ g R R¤Ecµ+ jcGc¤dE+ ¥H gR¤Ecµ+ gd 7cÐ+ o*chG J^1)+ F ¥R ¤.IyR E+ pch R E+ ¢ K '+ eqK c H F I'R ±+ c µ+ ° :y E+ +x E ^th {.I g R µ+ F g¤R 05c´+ y 9c E+ ^ 0 £G3'+ R < °I c R B R |, gKR 5+3)±+ gd 7cÐ+ R h. ¥D g {E+ 5+^F £ = L c/^R ºI Lc ¤C3 gR¤Ecµ+ gd 7cq E R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

kNU 5+3)·+ kh 7gÖ+

jcF¢ µ+ ¤ qhB gG6+¢µc, o*chR E+ gG5c F R / gR¤Ecµ+ gd 7cÐ+ gR¤ = Ky; = jcGc¤dE+ 0 £ = } . R gd 7cÐ+ g¤R = = -53c }E+ yK5c hR E+ R )cB c H F g R E g d µ+ -5+3)±+ 'c |, j+5+y E+ 4ctR.+ ° -^=c { E R I'R ±+ c µ+ ° -^R F cµ+ RB^. jc RC¢. I ¥R E+ yKy hR E+ F gG5c µc, gG6+¢µ+ Lc=¢¤ 8 cHÉD'+I gRK5+3)±+ g 1± 1+yF ° c ¤B y R EI ¥R 2+^R E+ c h 7ÊE £ = cH5+^ 9)+ enK ¢ :¢µc, g }E+ g ¤/II g ¤C3 ¢ .I cH^=¢F ° -5+3) ÊE g¤R Ecµ+ yK5c hR E+ ^R P. '+ enK R gd 7c hF cC5'±+ ¢ . ¥D à cF y 7'c,I g R µ+ jc0c1 BI L-3c= LcR¤ }B I'+ LcRKy 8 h F N 7c 7'+ %+5^µ+ jc |Cc FI

ng,g ·+ 5+b 9)+ jgh 7'+ c FI jc,c {³+ 5+^ 9)± -^K^= gKR ¢C fcd 7'+ yB+¢h. K5c |F gKR +' £ =I g µ+ +¢F'±+ g¤R D %+5^µ+ y K ¥D Iy |µ+ -5+3)± c .c GI c E¢2^F } . ¥hE+ jc,c {³+ 5+^ 9) c, LgBcD gRKÍ´+ jc { 7(R ¢µ+ z P. E4 :y K ¢Gc E+ R cµ+ G+P' ¤D gBy ¨ rGcµ+ e>yK E4 :y K rGcµ+ cµ+ +^ B ^= F qRh E d §Ec, R h. Nfcd 7'± R cµ+ 3¢0I F %+5^µ+ ^RD'chK ¥D gG6+¢µ+ ,c F g¤R Ec³+ jc R E+ gG5c µ c E ¤ thR E+I gG6+¢µ+ gdC+yµ gBcD Iy |µ+ jc;c |G c®)± °c E+

kU¨Hg¹+ ,+¦ «H+ U -3^R º ¥HI K¢ hR E+ 3c G I'+ +¢F'±+ c¤ : ÍdD N |, }R . '+ g¤R 7c 7'±+ g¤R Ecµ+ ,+¢ §E+ § dE à R c R D E Lc *+3 c R D g¤R Ecµ+ ,+¢ §E+ ¤d . schK ± ^C c G) ±c, 4)±+ %c =)cD K3c¤F R §h.I ¡cG3'+ R L-¢C Fc G 3+36+ c F ^Kzµ+ ¤d . i h 7+ R g¤R 7c 7'±+ ,+¢ §E+ F L c §K'+ gKc E R F R¸cF M ,c : ¢H gG6+¢F ,c F c hG5c FI jc,c {³+ Í §¬ R +' yRDx. R Ky .I g¤R Ecµ+ e 9c E gd 7c µ+ j+Å´+I j+5c µ+ ¦I4 9ct 8'±+ ¤<¢. £ = 9y³+ ¥H Jy2'±+ £ = E 3^0 Î R<¢F 3cnK)c, yF'±+ R hK Î1 gRK¢EI'±+ +xH R hqK '+ ¥ d K s¢ :¢, .cR¤EI(¢ {F F RC¢h. +4cF +¢By K '+ £ = 9y1+I gd 7c µ+ j+Å´+I j+%c Ec, hR hK Lc }t 8 ^0 jc,c {³+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

ngh0+¦H+ E jcd0+¢ E gd { R Ec, Njc¤R EI(¢ {F Î hÑ+ Î R<¢µ+ R ¬ F ^D'chR Ec, g¤R 04¢ R E+ g¤R Ecµ+ ,+¢ §E+ ^1' + ¥ § K R c h1+ }R KI gd 7cÐ+ c ='+ gBcD ° jc ¤C^RhE+ F gL { 7 ^R K '+ +xH 'c 8 F g hÑ+ gR¤,c {³+ 3¢ R E+ Í,^.I jc=¢B^µ+ -6c0)+ ¥ B c ¤ { . Ã ¥hE+ g¤R 7c 7'±+ c ='±+ cFR +' ÍdD N |, c¤h1±+ jc }E+ ¤n {.I R

kh 7gu H kU¨hK|H+ b=+¦ H+

}t 8 g ,chF ¥ K c¼R jc,c {³+ ¤C^. jc¤R , Ng { 7 £ = g BcÐ+ ¤ = . cF R D nR 7 ° R c :)+ sy 8 ¦R '+ ·)+ g0c³+ cÀI3 e {1I h nR 7 c¼R LcCÊ G+ c R D .c,c {³ y2&+ enK c D c R D j+%+y0)±+ cdR.+ £ =I gd 7c F NjcR F ° c R D *c/¢E+ 1 £ = 9y1)+ Lc R F D y |E+ ° { G |Ec, c , C xN *^ = cF y 8 ° g ¤R F gN Ky , c ='±c, i C +4)cB Lc 7c hF D R R E4 ͤ hE g ¤0I fcd 7'+ jyRB¢. )+ ±)+ ¸chR E+ F gd 7c µ+ y.cB^R E+ y §1 c kK^¬ £ = 9y¬ ' + I^, yR à Lc=¢d 7'+ ^. ± y.cB^R E+ lK^¬ £ = Bc1 R D+Ç. c ='±+ ª ± jc }E+ mI^1 R ¥R §µ+ E r¤hK {dF :+ÇBc, C cF yM F'+ ¤ = e 9 +4)cB cF Ng |F ^ = g K¢; LchCI Q § . ± R à cF y 7'c, e 7cÐ+ I'+ yK^µ+ F h |Cc F £ = 9y1+I L-5c 8)+ : LcF^C

Ig¸+L ,+}U H+ Ò u ¹+ ´ ng,g ·+ kU¨ = ¡= bN~¹+

DN¦ lH+ U iN5bUlH+ ng0g1 H4 ´ g¬ kU¨ N¦ UlH+ kU¨I¦ ·+ Ñ> k U ¹+ ng0g· ¨ xUlH+

¥R § E ¤ thR E+I cµ+ ·)+ pch¬ iG'+ , -^¤R 0 g¤R F¢ 1 Í> Ng R F %c |G)± z¤ qhR E+I g¤R Eckµ+ ¥ . ± F R EI mÊ/ I'+ Îh 7 I'R ± LcdKy . g,¢ µ+ K¢ hR E+ g¤R D RC¢. g ³+ F ¤ thR E+ +xH Ê2 LcF^C 5cdh=±+ Î , g¤EchR E+ cKc § E+ x2'+ ^¤ µ+ -Í 9 Njc;c | E N K¢® = L±I'R + lqdE+ 5^0'±+ F R E g¤R =¢ R E+ *c §='+ gD5c |F i F'+ +4)+ E+ g 85¢E cµ+I gKR y }dE+ -^=c {µ+ *c 7¢E +¢F'±+I ¥FcÐ+ e.+yD g 7¢ F Ê2 F gFchR E+ gD5c |µ+ dC g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ j+5^C c |hD+ L±I'R + ¢qGcµ+ § K cF L cdEc> R ÉD'+ ¢qGcµ+ ¢ ¤ 7I = c¤1 .%c DI C^ 9 J^F y . '+ Ã -Í 9 Ng Hc {F Ä^ . g¤GcRkE+ -yR µ+ ° K¢ hR E+ E'c {. Î1 %L ct 7

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

° Hc {. ¥hE+ gq :+¢E+ +^H'±+ j+4 ^F'±+ -Í } E+ K5c |µ+ =3 ¢qGcµ+ § K R cF LcdEc> g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ g¤R EÊ h 7+ jc;c |GI ÎF'cRhE+ jc R t D 5cdh=±+ Î , Iy |µ+ : 53c }µ+ x2'+ ¥ d K ¤ t. Ê2 Õ*cÕ,zR ÕE+ j+5cÕK6 ¢Õ 75 }¤Õ }tÕ. Õ Ã gÕ¤ÕqÕ }E+ gÕ R KcÕ=yR ÕE+ jcÕ;cÕ |G IcÕÕ Õ . ^ÕÕ Õ Õ B ¢ÕÕ2^µ+ ^ÕÕ¤Õ E¢ÕÕ. F ¢2^µ+ ^RE¢. '+ Jy2'±+ K5c | E à gR¤Ecµ+ £ :yµ+ -5^C e 7c K c¨ pÊ E+I j+5c |h 7ÊE ¤Ec . ¥ R . E +¢F'±+ ¡xH R +' B g¤=+5zR E+ jcnh µ+ I'+ gKR I^¤E+ jc=¢ }µ+ I'+ %cµcD ¤d E 3R +¢F g¤.+RxE+ K5c |F gRK5+y h 7+ %c dEI h R ´ gd {R Ec, gRK5Iy : c RG'+ ±)+ c R D Iy |µ+ ¤Ec hR E+ g¤R ¤ hR E+ ¤Ec hR E+ F ÉD'+ jc;c | R E+ ¤d . Iy |µ+ ¤Ec h, ¢qGcµ+ R h K cF L-3c= %cÕ,yÕ Õ ÕE+ -5¢Õ.cÕBI ¦R 3cÕ ÕE+ ^ÕKÅE+I ÂIÇ ÕE±+ ^ÕKÅE+I {DcÕ ÕE+ Õ.cÕ ÕE+ gÕ Õ Õ ÕhÕD -yÕ 8cÕÕdµ+ Í> + ^R . Î1 -y 8cdµ+ Í> ¤Ec hR Ec, 9c2 R N^ , Î §. £ = Lc *+3 9y1)+ ed {E+ +x E uE) R -Í 9 Ng R µ gd { R Ec, gE¢ F gd {G ^R P. E A, ^R ³+ {¤G¢¤E+ ¤R . cF N Iy |¨ Lc1+ÇC+ ¡cª rGcµ+ g 7c¤ 7 |hD+ gEc³+ ¡xH ° ^R ³+ +xH ·)+ B^R E+ ¢dR qK ± ÎqGcµ+ § , R +' Í> L+^R 0 ExE Lc BI s+ÇC±+ ^R =I ¤Ec hR E+ ¡xH ´+ |B c h1± cµ+ § , ÍB¢. ¥ K cR¼ rGcµ+ F %J5+¢ R E N^ , g |Cc F ·)+ Lc §K'+ pch¬ ^C gdR hF y 9 j±^R FI Lc¤R EcF Lc t §. ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = g ¤R F NgF6'+ ^ , ¡(Ic |G)+ ¯R Iy |F 0+¢K ^ B E -3^R Ð+ gG6+¢µ+ 6IcnhK '+ Iy | E à c H F gR¤ 7c 7'±+ gR¤EI'R ±+ 3R +¢µ+ 5c 7'+ ° Lc=c .5+I ·)+ L-3c= cH5^CI s+ÇC+ R D ° g RC¢hµ+ Í> m+^1'ÊE -IÊ= }¤ }t. ¥ d K +xE g=y {,

g¹+ 3grN)µ k U 2 :L

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

c D'c, gq µ+ iR . +4)cB c {C'+ £ = ÎqGcµ+ F cµ+ ¥R . g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ Ic . '+ enK £ = ÎqGcµ+ nR |. '+ à c D F -^*c E+ ¤GI y }F ° g*5c R E+ Í> jc0cq E dF +^K)+ c à rGcµ+ E4 = g¤R EÊ h 7±+ F C'±+ £ = I'+ Lc`¤ |B Lc`¤ 8 gKR 5+y h 7±+ F R ® Ng Ky , +¢F'±+ Ä^ . sc {E+ E4 £ = g kF' ±+ F Î R<¢µ+ -5c=)cD 35+¢µ+ +^dh 7+ 8 xthR K '+ y 8cdµ+ Í> K¢ hR E à R fcq 9'± gF¢ ³+ sc 7 I'+ iC¢E+ F g R¤ F -^R µ gR¤F¢ 1 Í> Ng R F J^E Ec, ÎR¤F¢ ³+ Î R<¢ E c K^E -yRB¢hµ+ gKR y }dE+ -^=c {µ+ *c 7¢, gGc h 7±c, Iy |µ+

ª|H+ g¹+ hI 9¦ x, O+bU 0 OguN} 9L Ogu :+L ¡G $$$ $$$ ¡¨U I QvJgI ¡I ¡¨U I Q g J 0'+ ¡I ¤¨H)+ tgl° ¡cR h. I'+ d . ¦xE+ cµ+ dF = Lg¤R H'+ R K ± qGcF F g RkE+ F NgCÊ= %c , R +' yRDx. ¢f I(µ* ¦ t+ ª2f - j¨T H¦ 0 Ñ= j T ¹ M¦ kT G* ¦0 < j 74K fnH ¦-¦ ¨G ´ k=g r H kªU J¨Jg H+ 35+¨»+ ¨1 n+5g l 7·+ G}I kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> k U ¢»+ §|K m U J ½+¨¹ Og I ¤¨G5g »+ = bFL g¥.5+3)+ ¿ %g ­='+L g¥ª U<¨I 0'+ £I N¨ UlH+ ¨1 Q = k 85L ¾glU H+ © = ¡gNU '+ k/Ð/ ng0gl¢l 7·+ kª :g»+ n+¨¢ H+ ¶ k U ¢»+ ¦, mIgF N¨ lH ª0L ªª . U -Í H kUª F+¨H+ +bK'·+ ­ , bNb²L kUª N¨ UlH+ k U ¢»+ ng0g¹ ª UxlH+ kUª ªG «lH+ kUª ª ¢UlH+ ªHg UlH+L gKb=¨I N5g H ª xUlH+ g¥ªE g® N¨ Ul H kUªrª.+Í 7+ }N¨ . N¨ lU H+ ½)+ g¥ª 7 ¶ k U ¢»+ §|K g¥.bhU . kNU } hH+ 35+¨»+ }N¨ . -5b H+ §|K %g¢, kªU ªGL N¨ lU H+ -5+3)+ © = k U ¢»+ ¶ -5b H+ ªª . U« ª ¢UlH+ }N¨ UlH+L ¥.ghU lI «K gIL ÔªU »g= L'+ ÔªU À %+¨ 7 ÔuJg»+ +b¥l 7+ kªU ªG L} I N¨ lH w+ÍF+ k,glG kUª ªG kUªHg»+ }N5g UlH+ k>gª H U¬bª¥´ U Á :L N¨ Ul H k U ¢»+ ªh . 0'+ £I «U rª.+Í 7·+ ª xlU H+ k,gl H k U 2 :L LÓ 7gI ¶ £*g H+ vJg»+ Uo I g l0+ b = ¤Lg UlH+L ¡+ lH·g, P5¨ 8 M} 7 b E Og I H+ k 85L +¨ ,g. bF ¤¨ U<¨»+L Õ+ %g ­='+ ¤gG gU» g»+ ­ , 0 µU L «U rª.+Í 7·+ ª xlU H+ k ª/L mhlGL Og ­N'+ (CLRAC)

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

wgr U H+ § = b=g . ©lH+ Ñ lU H+ k N}; g l=+

Í> jc R µ+ ·)+ gd { R EcdB +Ç1±+ ¢qG Lc`¤ |B Lc`¤ 8 ¢qh. f¢ ²+ ° g ¤R q,yR E+ Í> jc R µ+ R R . ± +^ G+ Rd . £ = } . ¥ B g R R¤ = L-¢ 2 g R µ+ j+¢ ´+ J^1)+ Åh . gR¤Ecµ+ r µ+ ·)+ £ {. ¥hE+ gR¤F¢ ³+ %c §='+ h R F , ¢ . ¦xE+ h µ+I i,cRkE+ E+ 'c 8 FI -y }hÑ+ gKR yq {E+ y R E+I g Ky {E+ ¢ ³+ R R N -^K^= -Í 9 j+¢ 2 Ê2 F gEc R B gR¤n¤.+Ç 7+ 5¢ K ' R + K¢ RhE+ = ¢EI(¢ {µ+ ¢ R<¢µ+I .5+3)+ { ¹ L+^R 0 g 9c2 R g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F F X D RE(¢K C¢F r¤ :¢. £ = g¤R E+ %+z0'+ ^1'+ } K R +^,)±+I 7c ³c, {hR µ+ g R µ+ c¤, 'c 8 F hÐ+ ¢ µ+ ·) + 7yP . ¥hE+ *c/¢E+ ° E4 r¤ :¢.I R N #-y 8cdFI gq :+I jc,c0)c, g¤EchR E+ g ` 7'±+ = g,c0)±+ Ã B L+ÍkD ^=c {K '+ c¤´+I #^¤1¢E+ h R F ^H ¢H cF #g R µ+ ¡xH c , ¥ . ¥hE+ g¤R 7c 7'±+ jc0c³+ ¥H cF

K^¤ h {µ+ jc0cq, g R µ+ %c K)+ gR¤ ¤DI c F^t. ¥hE+ gB^ h {µ+ g=¢ Ï+

kH¦ ¹+ nµgG¦H+ § = 5¦o H+ Y ghRh |F g,5c F 3c h=+ Ic¬ ± ¢ µ+ ·) R + I(¢. ^C ¥hE+ oFcGÅE+ ^*+¢B = mcq,'±+ %+y0)+ ¦R 5Iy §E+ F R N Ic¬ iG'+ h R F g¤R C+^ }¨ yR §K '+ E4 'c 8 B jc R µ+ F g 7+I g=¢ ¹ ·)+ jcd ; 7ÇB ¤E3 ¤E)+ h R FI =Iy |F +^H'+I g B+¢hF NjcFc hH+ ¢ à KxE+ Î ¤ E+ ÎE¢ µ+ R ^K^¬ gE¢ µ+ j±cD¢E+ F ^K^ E+ ® L cd ; ^R . ± N HR ¢( F Í> i D +4)+ ÎE¢ µ+ = lqdE+ ° .^=c {µ R R c *+5&+ £ = R;+I c qR }hB gR¤GIÇ E+ C+¢F ¢¤E+ R §. gRFc= g¤EI'R + gq*± yK¢ . ·)+ ·I'±+ -¢ ´+ ^ . Îh 1yF F ÎE¢¼ = lqdE+ g R R¤ = R |h. ÉD'+ Lckq, |hB g¤GcRkE+ -¢ ´+ cFR +' =Iy |F I'+ h R F ¢ :¢¨ LcFR c= LcFc hH+ I^dK L±¢¼ ·) + R h,5c F à ÎE¢¼ g ,5' R + I'+ g/Ê/ ·)+ L±¢ 9I gq*ÊE+ ¡xH r¤ h, ¢ .I Lʤ } . cF LcdEc B cK+zµ+ F 3N ^ , ¥R Ð+ K¢ hR E+ hR hK p5c´+ ° c D ^ , ° K¢ hR E+ 53c }F £ = 5¢k E+ à 53c }µ+ g,5c F i,yR 0 ^C g R µ+ R +' gBy F ° ¢¤R µc E+ ¢qGcµ+ e>Í 7 c D 7'+ j+%+y0)±+ cdR.+ ¢ K £ = g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R F ¤n {. E4 z h {K cF LcdEc> ¥R 05c2 N K¢ hE Lcd ; ^R . Î1 L±I'R + g¤R Ð+ =Iy |F £ = g¤R 7yR E+ gF¢ ³+ g B+¢FI ¥ ;¢E+ ^¤ }E+ R ¥H g hÐ+ gE¢ µ+ g R R¤ 7c 7'±+ jc { 7(R ¢µ+ LcR¤ º

g¤R Ð+ jc R µ+ jc¤R Õ0I jcÕ¤Õ Õ |hÕ {µ+I ^Õ0cÕ {µ+I ^Õ,cÕ µ+I {*cÕ Õ ÕE+I zG¢K± I'+ ¦5c.I5 ¦3+¢ÕÕG ° yÕÕR Õ ÕB uE)+ h=c 0 ° %cKy/'±+ I g¤R Ð+ c ='±+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

-y*+^R E+ I'+ gF¢ ³+ jc { 7(R ¢F -5c h 7c, Lc §K'+ yR B { G ³+ ° cGIc hK cBy R E+ cD +4)+ c ¤R 7 ± -yRB¢hF 35+¢µ+ ¢ . cF LcdEc> .c¤R h {0¢E +^th 7+I Î R<¢µ+ p5c´+ F g hÐ+ 53c }µ+ R §h.

g¤R =¢ R E+ K¢ hR E+ jc R F c |E+ ° c F zR DÇ. g¤R G^FI g¤R K3 Jy2'+ jc=¢ ¹I -^=c {F j±cDII jck , R §h. ¥HI R K5c |FI ¤ {, N c G £ = g¤ RhE+ =^, jc=¢ Ï+ ¡xH R h . cF LcdEc> c¤E+Ç 7'+I cDÍF'+ c 8I c,I5I'+I j+5c {E+ FI g¤=¢ R E+I g¤R ;¢E+ jc R µ+ F %c 7'±c, gq*± £ = ¢ }³+ ÃI gq }E+ R R g¤R EI^R E+ ¢ E+ jc R F -^qhR µ+ ½'±+ oFcGy,I {¤G¢¤E+I g¤R µc E+ gq }E+ g R F kF -^qhR µ+ ½'±+ j±cDI R §h. ¥HI R ¦R ¢¤ 7&±+ g¤ hR E+ y }FI ¸ R I^R E+ dE+I g¤R ,I5I'±+ g¤R :¢ µ+I g=+5zR E+I gKx>'±+ g R FI ¥*cÀ)±+ +xH F +¢F'±+ yRB¢h. '+ r05'±+ B L-y 8cdF ¤ {, N c G £ = R h. ¥hE+ K5c |µ+ =^. ± c RG+' Í> hEI3 ° c .c Hc {F c |hD+ -5Iy : ·)+ -5c 8)±+ 5^ª g¤=+yR E+ g¤R ;¢E+ jc R µ+ Ky; = 5^ }µ+ F I'+ -5+6¢E+ hF¢ 1 F jcF¢ µ+ ¡xH yRB¢hh 7 -Íd E+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+I gF¢ q E cHÍ>I g¤R ,I5I'±+ g¤R :¢ µ+I -^qhR µ+ ½'ÊE g¤R º jck , g¤R d 0'±+ j+5c {E+ R cµ g 9c2 ÊkF ¤R : N c G £ = K5c | E LÊK¢® yRB¢. cF LcdEc> R N K¢® 53c }F gKR ^ E¢ E+ j+5c {E+ ® L R (KAP projects) y 8cdµ+ =^R E+ Ä^ . à 53c }µ+ ¡xH B -5c { E -Í }E+ K5c |µ+ oFcGÅ, £ R {PK g 9c2 ÍKc F j+%+y0) + dR h. ¥ d K E 5±I3 E'+ ·)+ }. ^C Ecd¨ K5c |µ+ ·)+ R

+¦I'µ+ i ; kU¨ ¨G c .c0y»I g R µ+ jÊ2^F ¢1 jcF¢ µ+ F ¼ 5^C ÅD'+ ¤G Ic1 ¢ µ+ 5^ }F Ç2) + R ¥D g R µ+ : h,5c F ¥ d K ¦xE+ }t |E+ ^0 ¤E+I3 +x HI ¤d R Rh E g dRhµ+ j+%+y0)±+I gE3cdhµ+ j±c }R.±+ Å= §B'+ N |, E4 ¤d . Ã L-y 8cdF hd;c» F R h. gEc 7yR E+ ° KyB =I = yR = d } F +L yD+4 K¢ hR E+ = I(¢ {µ+ }t |E+ ·) R + gL Ec 75 ehD'+ ¥ d K ¥hE+ j+%+y0)±+ = 'c 7)+ K¢ hR E+ 9¢ }t, cK+¢GI c B+^H'+I h R F = Lc ¤ {, Lc1y 8 ^R CI ^1+I N ¢d 7'+ ^ , ¤E)+ 7yµc, }R.+ Lc¤R º 5^ }F cD +4)+ gEc 7yR E+ = Ngt { , Lc *+3 h1)+ c , +zhE±+ e {1I ^KÅE+ = {1 F ^RDc' hR E+ ·)+ -¢ ´+ ¡xH ^ . ± cHcR . )+ E'c 7+I gEc 7yR E+ ¡xH c 75)+ F B +¢F'±+ 0 %c /'+ L+^R 0 g R F g 9c´+ jcCÊ E+ ^R P. Lc §K'+ jcF¢ µ+ F ^Kzµ+ 3cdhE gnR 1 c RG+) , R z¤ ¬I hD5c |F jcd/)+I ¢ µ+ g R ¤R }t 8 c |hD+ g 9y E+ E r {. ¥R .c E+ c }R.±+ Ê2

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

d ; ¢ 9I F ^RDc' hR E F'+ +4)+  R IÇ E+ N^KÅ, hEc 75 d.'cB Lc¤R µc= LcqGcF f5c . i D +4)+ cFR +' zR ¬ J^F ^K^0 F y hEI e>Í 7 ¥hE+ jcF¢ µ+ y §¬ ' R + à c =cdR.+ e0+¢E+ j+%+y0)±+ ¥H cF c |hD± 5c hG±+ %c /'+ ¸chR E+ = -z¤0I ¤ 9c . £ = ¢ }³+ F RC¢hK r05'±+ £ = c hBy F ° ¢ µ+ R c .cKc>I h R F +^H'+ ÎB^ h {µ+ c {E+ = ¤ 9c . R c ¤E)+ ¢ 9¢E+ 3R ¢. ¥hE+ Jy E+ 9ct 8'±+ 3^= ¢2^µ+ jcK¢h {FI g¤R Ð+ gEc E+ = ¤ 9c . c ¤B c¨ jc=c n E g¤R =c h0±+ g¤ dE+ -ÍdD N5c 2'± g :y E+ jc=¢ Ï+I vc µ+I c ¤ = c ¤ 7 ¥hE+ :5'±+I C¢FI Iy |µ+ g F = ¤ 9c . c F f¢ µ+ GIc .I gF¢ ³+I g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µcD Jy2'+ jc R F F hCÊ= .ÊHR (¢FI = KyB %c §='+ %c 7'+ .c;c |G ¤d hE gFR c E+ g R ´+ gG6+¢µ+ I'R ±+ c E+ gG6+¢F R : Jy2'+ 53c }F F g RC¢hµ+ +¢F'±+ 5^R C L+3^R º Lc dF e ;'+ gKR 5Iy : Í> I'+ RkE+ g¤Ec> j+^R F e . ± E hG6+¢F ° g¤R 7c 7'+ 3R +¢F R : gEcD¢E+ R +' yRDxhB c ¤E)+ pch¬ ¥hE+ gq µ+ h R F . ¶ E4 FI c ¤ 0 j+3c 85)±+ i dR.+ +4)+ Ng }1 ·)+ ^K+zhF N |, Î ;+¢µ+ jcR¤ 0 ¢qhhB cµ+ F R R R E jcd R E+ jc`F ° y . gE¢ µ+ R jc1+ÇC+I c h¤R =¢GI K5c |µ+ 3+^='+ ^K+zh. ¸chR Ec,I c = ° c .^=c {µ g h {µ+ K¢ hR E+ jc=c 0 g :¢Byµ+ jc1+ÇC±+ gd {G R +' yRDx. LcR¤ }t 8 ^R : M R0¢F §ByR E+ R +' Åh . ± +xE c , g Byµ+ K¢ RhE+ -Í }C LgEc 75 ehD'+ |B F hR E+ ¤B 3+yF = ¤ kK E4 ª ÊB ·+¢1 d. yR E+ fcd 7'+ = Lc h {F ¢ µ+ ·) + LcR¤GIÇ E+ +L ^Ky, I'+ {¬ ¤D ¡3I35 ° ¤ = sÇ K ^C §B R R N §B'+ g Ky , ^K^0 F dh . I'+ d ; fnH

¶ kUªI¨ 1 Ó> Qk U ¢I ª 7'gl, m F +b¢H¨K ¶ OgUªHg1 ª='+ j¨¢¸+ £I %+3¨ 7 P-'+}I+ '+ gJ'+ j}¹+ ih , ¬b , ¶ %g hH+ © = -53gF b='+ ¼ kd0ÐG +b¢H¨K ½)+ m 9L ¡g= gI¨ H+L b¢¥H+ U OgIg´ gF}1+S' bF Ó H+ « ¢ IL «lª,L k I m¢G g G k U Uª K'·+ £= Og :¨= H+ ¶ wgrU¢H+ 6+}1)+ «¢U ¥N b N ¼ kIgF)·+ © = ¨ u H g,L5L'+ ¶ ¬5g lJ+ }¥ 8'+ Ð2

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

phH gIL « 8 «¢JL};g N £N}2&+ ÔªU HgI¨ 9 ½)+ qbU ulU Hg, n'+b, Q }E q+b1)+ © = UG5'+ ¤'+ n5}U F H4 £I kUª 2+UbH+ ;g¢»+ ¶ Ô U1}»+ £= k E+b»+ ½)+ OgE3gK Ogdª E Ogdª 8 U . ¤'+ kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> g¢l U ¢I ¡¨¥ I 5¨¢U H+ Doses of Hope I'·+ £I nP gu J k U ¢I n} ,'+ ÈgoH+ £N} . Ë E¨J ¶ gI¨ H+ U } J gJ'+b, g,L5L'+ i F ¶ k U ¢I gJ'g J'+L £NbNb0 g¢U G b E -ÓhG Ok I ¤gG g»+ © = 5¨o H+ £U H £ H gK+¨lÀ g¢ ¥EL lHg 75 g¢ªU . b H Kb1'+ gF b E ­EU}H+L ªF+} H+ 3g JL j+¨,'·+ ¶ g¢uÄ g¢UJ+' Ó> .53ghI =bl 7 +b¢H¨K ¶ M}2'+ k U ¢I ¬U +' ·L g¢l U ¢I · ¤'+ £U J ¹+ %¨ H Og ­N'+ M¨l »+ « ªE5 %gG} 8L %gG} 8 3grN)+ k ,gl»+L Ë H+L -},go»+ k ªU 7g 7'·+ k/ÐUoH+ L} H+ }U U U G|. +|H

N¦ lU H+ ng U I I ¢Lg lU H+ -^R FI g K¢; yK5c . e K rGcµcB LÊ 7 Ic hR E+ ¢ K ± cF LcdEc B qGcF F gKR ¢C g / gCÊ= %c , L+^R 0 R µ+ F ¢ 9I y2R c' . ed {,I ÎBy R E+ ÊD F N B %¢ 7 ·)+ L+y G 9+¢RhE+ jÊ |F É .I LcdEc> y2R c' h. +¢F'±+ jÊK¢¬I -^¤R 0 Ng Ky , P. E+¢F'+ 'c, gG'c R E+ H5I^, ¢ RC¢hK KxE+ ¤ =+3 £ = I^ h K ÎqGcµ+ R +' { . ± ^KÅE+ O Ic RhE+ Î {qhE *c 7¢E+ F yK^ .I Ny 8 gEc 75 ehD'+ +¢F'±+ ¥R . ^ , rGcµ+ c d K c D g h F yK5c . 75'+ ¼ J¢h {F C'+ £ = ¤Ec hE+ Q ,'+I g ¤C3 jcG6+¢F y §1 R N |, =^R E+ c¹ ^K^¬ R hK '+ en¤B ÉD'+ I'+ Î /+ ÎqGcF F Lc =3 £ K Iy |µ+ cD +4)+ N § d, § , }hR FI r :+I F §¤ thR E fIc hR Ec, yK5c hR E+ 3cd.I ^1+I Fc 8 yN Ky . ° 5c |hR E+ £ = ÎqGcµ+ nR 8 cH3+^=)± µ+ iC¢E+ gd {G cµ+ c G)+ gR¤ ¤D ¢1 gR¤=cª5±+ jcF¢ µc, Lc *+3 rGcµ+ 3I6R gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> h R F +^H'c, Lc *+3 zhE)+ Ex, qGcF ='+ g R ´+ £ = R F ͤ . ¦R '+ '+y; +4)+ qGcµ g ,cRhE+ j±cD¢E+ F Ky*+zR Ec, eR15 g=y {, qGcF *c 75 = e¤ª '+ Ic1

+¦I'µ+ 0 § = -5b H+ %g , g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R ¨ g 9c2 ÎG+¢CI +¢F±+ ² g 7c¤ 7 5 ¢;R R c µ+I jcR¤EI(¢ {µ+ E+ jcdR hµ gq :+I j+^K^¬ F +¢F'±+ ² g ² R 8 gRK5I3 Ng }, ¡xH +¢F'±+ 0 jc;c |G eC+5 } E+ ° K¢ RhEc, g 9c´+ E+ g 85I ¤ }. ·) + L+3^R ¹ y G'+ R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 11: Getting Legal Status

y }; §1c´) ~ F)

ãHcD 8J ¤ ; £ ~´)

g¤R =y 8 rd }. ¥D h R F ¤n {. ·)+ r05'±+ £ = pchqh 7 ¥µc E+ ^¤ }E+ £ = E¢dC g ¤R = F %N znD R -¢ ´+ ¡xH 'c 8 F c ¤B ¤n {hR E+ ·)+ pch¬ g¤=+5 g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F yRB¢h. gEI3 R D ° ^ , ÎG+¢C e0¢¨ ¥HI G+^¤F ° g¤R Ec³+ £ § E+ g 75c µ+I c .c;c |GI Jy2'+ Njc R F = NjcF¢ F ·)+ ¢ 9¢E+ R 1 q ® '+ Lc §K'+ ΤR EI^R E+ ÎqGcµ+ F F K¢® £ = ¢ }q E gKR 5Iy : -¢ 2 L-3c= £N+¨ 7 «.+¨ 7+5g 7 5¨ ELËH+ ,

j¨T <| 7 ug - a £G* ´ j¨T H¦ 0 Ñ= j T H fnH

£I Q N¨ l, -ÓoG Qng 7+53 ¬}0'+ m¢G «U h; Qb¥ I ¶ IgG Q ¡+Lb, O+5¨ EL}, m¢G b=g .'+ ¤'+ hF k ,glI n35'+ b=g UlH+ b , yH)+ ªJ¨ªH+L kUª»g H+ ku H+ k U ¢IL kUªh H+ qgu,'ÐH ¬b¢¥H+ Õ+ U %gFb 9'·+ ­ , I m 0 kªU I¨ 1 Ó> k U ¢I ª . «K OgNU 3gI k1gl»+ -bª1¨H+ k ª 7¨H+ mJgGL H4 qgu,'·+L kª ¢Ul H «¢;¨H+ b¥ »+ ©=b. kUªI¨ 1 Ó> k U ¢I g¢ U 8L kHL+b H ¬5g E'+ «¢J¨G5g N ¬|H+ NIAHRD k hU »+ kNU } hH+ nЪr . k/Ðo, ¡gª H+ ¬U 5L} ­H+ £I N¨ lU H+ © = ²L kªU J¨JgF k U ¢»+ ¤¨ . «G U kUNb¢¥H+ ng lÕ+ ªr . ¤¨JgF i0¨® ªr . L'+ kªU I¨ ¹+ v¢»+ «U lH kªU 05gº+ k Kg »+ ª ¢. ¤¨JgF i0¨® G}»+ -5+6¨H+ ¶ ªr . g¥Hg l 7+L 3ÐhH+ t5g2 £I ng Kg »+ kUªu,5 Ó> k U ¢I vh lH 2UbH+ khN} : ¤¨JgF £I '+ F i0¨® kUªHg»+ -5+6L ¶ ªr . khN} : Eb. · Ð;)+ Uµ ¤'+ b , n+5g l 7·+ £I Óo H+ % I :Í .L OÐN¨; OglFL b¢¥H+ ¶ nЪr UlH+ §|K } l . £= Ok,gªJ ng 7+5bU H+L N5g »+ £I bNb H+ hU N '+b, k hU »+ kNU } hH+ qgu,'·+L kª ¢lU H «¢;¨H+ b¥ »+ H+ 85L £I bNb H+ ½)+ g¢ª=3 b H wgr¢, g¥U lN ¤'+ g l 7+L -ÓoG kUª»g=L kUª¢;L kH¨Â n·gGL U -ÓoG Qng h 8 ¶ OÐ=gE O+¨ ­= g¢uh 9'+L n+Lb¢U H+L « lN¨G¨I ¨l 7g¥.gG ,

f¨ M|D&* i¦ / ´ j¨T H¦ ·* Ñ= mf T ¹* f E fnH

jT¨ ¸* ¬} ¢ H+ ªª lU H+ n+¨¢ 7 |¢ E ¦=¨J £I QbN}E QyN5gl, gª N}E'+ j¨¢0 ¶ kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ ªU l. ng U ¢I 7g, ­ªhH+ gK}NbN «lH+ EgÖ+ 5gUªlH+ n+4 ng U ¢»+ ½)+ 5g N ¤gG ¡g H+ ©Ul1 ©U . bFL ¤¨Jg H+ EL . g¥UJ'+ ½)+ O+} J g¥ I ªr . ¥ H+ kNg=}U H+ U £I ¤gG k 9gº+ U N¨´ ¡gF5'+ i lG+L kI¨ ¹+ £I -bUª0 kUªHgI ngJg=)+ g¥ I «lH+ kNU Óº+ ng U ¢»+ ½)+ 7+L Q , Ó N kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> k U ¢»+ v I ¤gG n+¨¢ H+ . ¶ U 3¨ H+ ng=g 0 ¡bx.L Ô U UªIUb lH+ -5+3)· ­x. g¥ I mJgG kIL}Ö+ ng=g ¸+ nÐ I sHg . g»g H t5gº+ ¶ k =+bU H+ kªU Hg»+ ngFb H+L kªU 9¨Hg, q5)·+L kN¨ ­ H+ ¡¨ 7}, Og ª/L Og;gh.5+ h.}.L ngIbº+ Êb .L U¬} ¢ H+ ªª UlH+ ÔJ+¨ H gK3g lJ+ ¶ kI¨ u H k ­Kg¢I ng U ¢»+ §|K nËl=+ L} 8 £I +|J&+ kI¨ u H OgNbU ² §¨ E L'+ §¨HgF Q%« H O+} J +L3};L g¥ªE ¤¨ Ig H+ U<L g»g HL S ªr UlH+ il I ½)+ ¥, g U.·+ ª 9g .L Ô U<¨»+ %g 7'+L « ª ¢lH+ 5¨l 7bH+ Êb . ªr UlH+ k;} H+ © = ¥U N g U U kHLbU H+ g¥h . Qk ª/L ¬U '+ +L}UE¨N ¤'+ ¥ª = ¤gG Ô rU I %g ­='+ ¥l ,L

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

k rU I ¤¨ . ·'+ kªIbU lH+ ng U ¢»+ ­ . H4 ½) + } ¢U Hg, ¥Hg l=+L i H+ ¬ÓoI }/'+ %g lF+ U U N¨´ F5 ´ k U ¢»+ £ . ¼ +4)+ U«=} 8 Ó> ¤¨ N «U Ö+ N¨ UlH+ U¤'+ Ó> OgUªJ¨JgF f< a + ,aMa¶* jT¨:*| ÇTaG* jH¦ ·* a +

ng U ¢ E } x H g¥lNU 5+} l 7+ :}U . Gg I -bNb¸+ kI¨ ¹+ I kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ nË2 kI¨ ¹+ £I b*+¨ H+ §|K n} 2 kUªI¨ ¹+ ngJg=)·+ © = ª N g¥ I ¤gG «lH+ k 9gº+ kNg= U U}H+ mH¨² pª1 g¥l N 5+} l 7+ ¶ Gg I gK5Lb, kªI b lH+ ng U ¢»+ m¥0+L g G g F) Ð H n} :+L -bNb¸+ U U U kUªHg»+ kdªhH+ ¶ U¬5|¸+ Óª UlH+ +|K }U/g' E -bNb¸+ kUª;+} ÉUbH+ kI¨ ¹+ ½)+ ¤&·+ kUª05gº+ -b=g »+ g F)·+ ½)+ g¥¢I Óo H+ } :+ ng U ¢»+ £I Óo H+ © = Gg I Q , j¨T H¦ ·* Ñ= mf T ¹* f E 4¦T -

m ohJ+ g G gKgJ}G4L h 7 Qjgh 7'· g¥,+¨,'+ -ÓoG Png U ¢I m >'+ -bNb¸+ kUª;+} ÉUbH+ kI¨ ¹+ ¶ Qjgh 7'· -bNb0 ng U ¢I

6bN)·+ i l »+ k=g¢»+ J 7LÓE bN+ . g¥ªE « ª*}U H+ ih H+ ¤gG -bNb= U ¬Lg N gª N}E'+ j¨¢0 ¶ U«xN5g. P ¥E 3g 7 ¤'+ b ,L ¤'g H+ +|¥, k U U l¥»+ ng U ¢»+ bN+ . ½)+ MU3+' ¬|H+ Ogdª E Ogdª 8 bhl SN kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> k U ¢»+ v I |2'+ kI¨ ¹+ Ub : L kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> Ô, kªU u,}U H+ Ó> k U ¢»g, f G E4 j¨T t+|T G* Ñ= mf T ¹* ¢¦IfE

¥ 7'+ vh . n+%+}0)·gE ªr UlH+ kUªu,U}H+ Ó> kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ © = U¥ ªH ¤¨Jg H+ 5b 9 g¥ J rU . ¤'+ ¶ -}U 1 kNU Óº+ kªU u,}U H+ Ó> ng U ¢»+ vh . ¤¨Jg H+ +|K i0¨® g¥ hU N £I © = ¶ ¤&·+ Ur l. ¤'+ k 9gº+ kNg= U U}H+ ng U ¢» £ ÉL H+ i 1 k U ¢ G L'+ kUNÓ2 Qk U ¢ G gUI)+ Og ­N'+ ÔlJgº+ Ô.gK Mb1)+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 12: Building Sustainability

y }; ÃckF) ~ F)

gG)^h 5²) #c *

k¨U .g 7(U ¦¹+ kI+bl 7)µ+ i H+ «K kI+bl 7·+ }U G|. U Ky® £=^K Lc Ky® ¦yª '+ gF+^h 7±c, g h µ+ g¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R E à §E+ c GI 9y E+I ¢ E+ c G R R R R c d h {F ª ^C ¥hE+ g¤R 7c 7'±+ cKc § E+ ^K^¬ £ = g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ^=c {K '+ Ky hR E+ +xH 'c 8 F y;cÑ+I I'+ gR¤ ¤ . I(¢ 8 gR¤ 2+3 cKc § E+ ¡xH ¢ . ^C y R E+ F Ng Ky , L-5¢ 2 ÉD'+ E4 = Lc :¢= I'+ LcGcF'+ ÉD'+ ¥hE+ cKc § E+ ^K^¬ F L±I'R + g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ R à ¢ B ¥R *c / N ^ , Ky hR E+ +xH z¤R hK g¤R `¤, I(¢ 8 g¤R 05c2 c ¤, NgCÊ= %c 75)+I cKc § E+ ¡xH F Fc RhEc, ¥ § hB g¤EcRhE+ -¢ ´+ cRF+' uE)+ : I'+ N-¢C c D ¤ ²+ c ¤ = R RhK cHx¤ . ¥ d K ¥hE+ c µ+ I'+ g R µ+ g 7c¤ {, g 9c2 cKc §C ·) + c K¢¬ R / gKR ¢EI'±+ R h¬ ¥hE+ cKc § E+ 5c¤h2+I R K5c® }O à E gF+^h 7±+ £ = zRDy. ¥hE+ y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+I ¢ E+ c G R R P Q G } E+ +xH ° } E+ ° -5^ E+ cKc § D Jy2'+ jÊ |F ¤ qhE c { G g 7+¢E+ g,5c µ+ +^th 7+

g¥=ghU.+ i0+¨H+ n+¨ º+

Rh hK '+ £ = p5c´+ F I'+ c ¤ R<¢F : F %+¢ 7 E+ g 85¢E N^*cC £ = gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ É . enK c D E+ g 85I -5+3)+ F R hKI ^¤R 0 ¥R ¤ ¬ N , K5c hE I'R ±+ ¢¤E+ }G } }t R ¤P B FcD N |, gF+^h 7±+ Fc= }q E cKR +' g/Ê/ ·+¢1 } }t. R ¥R HRxE+ } E+ K5c®I jc |Cc µ+ R P. iC¢E+ g¤R , Ê2 y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+I ¢ E+ c G R R cHx¤ . ¥ d K ¥hE+ c µ+I g R µ+ g 7c¤ {, g 9c´+ cKc § E+ ^K^qhE R ^K^¬ ÎD5c |µ+ F e K c ¤ = B+¢RhE+ R hKI y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+I ¢ E+ c G Âc F sy |P . R / R R J^1)+ iGcD +4)+ LÊkF Îh`B ° -^1+I Mg¤R §C p5^ . '+ µ+ F jc` E+ ¡xH ° p5^ . ¥hE+ cKc § E+ N :I -¢C g G Åh K ' + E4 'c 8 B e {1I ^1+I ¥R t 7 NrGcF F ^¤ h {. gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ R Ky® ^ E Lc ¤ ¬ E &+ ° Ng`B ° ±)+ E4 g |Cc F à ± y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+I ¢ E+ c G R R gF+^h 7±+ 5¢ F F : g G Åh K ¢HI -^1+I +x B .c Hc {F R F MrGcF }R C +4)+ LÊkF gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ° gR¤05c´+I g¤ 2+^R E+ cKc § E+ ^K^¬ enK '+ +xH 'c 8 B -5+3)±+ £ = Ík E+ . g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ iGcD +4)+ cFR +' L+Í 2 Lc¤R 05c2 L+^K^ . Rkà LcR¤ 2+3 L+^K^ . Rkà ¦'+ :5'±+ ¢B .yK c § , ghd , d 8'+ g R µ+ ¢HI ÎD5c | E jc R µ+ ° ¥R 7c 7'+ ¢ F sy 8 R hK -5+3)±+I K5c |µcD cH+yK '+ ¥R 05c2 N }t |E à g¤R ¤ . Ns+¢G Lc §K'+ y . c D D+¢ E+I +5I'±+I c {E+ R '+ ¥ d K g R E g¤R .c { 7(R ¢µ+ ¥1+¢ R E+ I'+ 5Ix²+ ¦'+ :5'±+ i¬ d K y2&±+ c § , R E -5^ E+ %c ,I yK^µ+ ^ B +4)cB gq :+I Njc=c CI NjcKc> ®I c B^H 'c |, gK^R 0 g R µ+ iGcD +4)+ Lc ¤hF %z²+ +xH ¢ K

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

£ = g R µ+ -5^ E gGc : c 0I cH4c G)+ hÐ+ F R ¤ 7 E 5Ix²+ §h 7 HcK(I5 ¢ R<¢µ+I Í> g R µ+ R c) B eh µ+ -5+3)+ g Ky; iGcD c B 5Ix²+ j+y |³+ i hE+ +4)+ ,c µ+ ° gRK5+y h 7±+ Lc h1 j¢ h 7 g¤R F¢ ³+

h l H -b¨U 0 Qk,}. ´ k¨U I¦ ·+ Ñ> k U ¹+ 56 fnH }Nb»+ £U H 3ÐhH+ Ë= Ô=5+ »+ n+5g¥I Ô ² bK g¥ª¢ª= i J kNU ¨ª 7&+ kªU I¨ 1 Ó> k U ¢I m :L khHg H+ kª¢/)·+ k=¨ Õ+ kEg / } J ¨KL Qj¨l I Ó> OgEbK Og ­N'+ +¨ :L -5+3)·+ ¿ %g ­='+ IL mU´ g G kNbU 0 kNU G}I· kNU +' |W ¢S. ¼L '+¨ 7'·+ ½)+ ngIbº+ k ªh; b¥H+ +|K }ªU E ngªU F'·+ ;g¢I ¶ ngUN¨¢ I n|2'+L g¥ ¥E £= ¤L r N ¤¨=5+ »+ ¤gG Ô1 ©Ul1 kUNÏG'·+ k=¨ ¿ k , g¥U G nghN5bUlH+ Ogdª E Ogdª 8 ­. Ô U<¨»+ H+ k 85L kªU ¢ .

3¢ 7'+ sM ¢E ¢H yRB¢hµ+ ^¤1¢E+ 35¢µ+ cD +4)+ lqdE+ o*chG g>c¤ 9 ·)+ g0c³+ ¢=^. Ec, Ky E+ -y 8cdF F RkE+ g }¤2yR E+I -Íd E+ jÊn {E+ +5I' + +^th 7+ {qh {µ+ F E Ec h 7+ +4 ^ = ¤B R g Ec, d 8'±+ g 9ÊE+ jcCc dE+ I'+ g¤R ¤ }hR E+ jcCc dE+ c h 7+ ¢H §B'±+I g §Ky E+ 3cdR E+ ÊC'+I c ¤ ª R h¤B gE¢ {, c G à RG+' jcCc dE+ ¡xH j+z¤R ¼ F +5I'±+ I'+ +5^²+ £ = c Cc }E)+ ÃI g §Ky E+ 3cdR E+ ÊC'+I NjcCc ,I 5I I'+ 3¢ 7'+ Ns¢E ·)+ g=¢ ¹ R D pch¬ L+4)+ Jy2'c, R / g Ky , g=¢ Ï+ ° ^0+¢hK '+ à g¤R ;+y Ã3 g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ iGcD +4)cB jc=¢ ¹ ·)+ ¢ R<¢µ+ { T KP y*+I^R E+ ° I'+ ¥ {¤*yR E+ zDyµ+ ° Î Fc E+ 9ct 8'±+I g¤R ¤<¢E+ e.+yµ+I Î { ²+ F MoKzF -^1+¢E+ K5c® iGcD +4)+ cF'+ uE)+ Τ hE+ Í>I Τ R hE+I dR P. y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+I ¢ E+ c G R R R R R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

oKzF ¤ . +4 ^ = en¤B *+5^F cF'+ gKR yq, { G'+ = Íd hR Ec, Î R<¢µ+ 5c }E r {. ± Ng`¤, ° jc=¢ Ï+ F g h» +¢G'+ ¤ |. E4 ·)+ g0c³+ i=3 +4)+ Lc §K'+ z*c²+ FI jc=¢ Ï+ ° h» Ky® F g h» Nj+¢ 2 x¤ . ^ = y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+I ¢ E+ c G R R c ,R 5 g ¤C3 -y |= { ´ iC¢E+ F g ¤R F -^R µ g ,5'±+ ¤ :+¢µ+ F N^1+I D jc=¢ Ï+ F R D |Cc K 5c B'±+ fc ¤h 7+ £ = ¦c |E+ I' R + -¢ E+ F cn B Ic .I -Í }C g1+Ç 7+ ^=c {. E4 ^ , g=¢ ¹ R D R {. F c ¤E)+ i 9¢. ¥hE+ o*ch R E+ g=¢ ¹ R D ^R .I ^K^0 F R D ¢D5c |µ+ hnK R ¥R 2+3 I ¥R 05c2 ¥hGc2 i¬ G¢E¢ K cF E+ g 85I ^*cC I^K Ê E+ ^¤Ec F R cFI y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+I KIc = i¬ jc=¢ Ï+ c 1y . ¥hE+ cKc § E+ R D ^*c E+ I^R K R -¢ E+ c G R R 7 BI cKc § E+ :I R hK g |Cc µ+ Å= gd 7c µ+ Í> 5c B'±+ ¢º R hK l¤1 g 0+y E §t. '+ ¡xH ld . c µ+ R¤ P. c R.+ ¢ , ^ =I g |F R D g²c F e¤Ec 7'+ g |Cc F R h. cH5I^,I g R¤ F NjcRK¢EI'+ fnH ­H+L -¨ H+ g J N}; £= kI+bl 7·+ ¶ } ¢U H OЪ ² ¨.¨ ªH ¶ kªU I¨ 1 Ó> k U ¢I n}0'+ U -5+3)·+ ¿ %g ­='+ 5g lE+ ¨K H+ k 85L ¶ n}¥< «lH+ s*glU¢H+ U K'+ £IL };g×+L 9} H+L £IL ¦l¸g I i° OgªU .g 7(U ¨I Og : +|K ¤g E kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> k U ¢ H kªU 7g 7'·+ +bK'·g, ¡+ lHÐH ng=g l0·+ £= Õ+ %g ­='+ £I Óo H+ jgª> ¨K ¡+ lH·+ : ½)+ n+5g 8)·+ H4 Óª lH ngG}U ulU H+ £I Q3b= bNb² µU +4)+L i 7g¢I , +LÓl2+ bF Õ+ %g ­='+ ¤gG +4)+ bUG'glU H O+bU 0 5P |1L P hH 8g J M}0 O ·L'U + P Ó> k U ¢»+ m 9¨. 8g U U¢H+ +|K Ð2 £I bUª0 Q = %+3'· kI6ÐH+ *g 7¨H+L mF¨H+ ¤¨ É +¨JgG k hlU »+ n+%+}0)·+L Õ+ %g ­='· OÐh l I kH¨h »+ ng 9+¨»+ ¨1 g 0)+ ½)+ kªU I¨ ¹+ K5gªl2· H4 ¥H ¤gG bFL QiN5blH Õ+ %g ­='+ ¨ ­2 -5L} : © = g U.·+ µU OgªJg/ + -5L} : © = g U.·+ Uµ OgoHg/ Uµ bFL Õ+ %g ­='+ ¡g lK+ -3gN , -}*+UbH+ il I ¢I ¡¨ N ¤' U w};L ng=g l0·+ ¶ ¥.+5g¥IL 3+}E'·g, N} UlH+L ¥H6g¢I ¶ 3+}E'·+ -5gN6 Ð2 £I H4 Ó> k U ¢»+ n+} J -%+}F © = Õ+ %g ­='+ ªr . µU g G go G k 9gº+ ¥.g 9+¨I U g¥ *g/LL kUªI¨ ¹+ kªU ª ¢lU H+ ¨ ¹+ © = Ï .L ­H+ U £ I 3bU ² ¤'+ H+ k 85¨H £ É ªG go»+ +|K mhoN Og I ngGU}uUlH+ §|K ¤'g 8 £IL ­H+ L N «G g¥=ghU .+ i0+¨H+ n+¨ º+ © = Ul.L kUª.g 7(U ¨»+L U ¥ F¨I 6 U .L %g ­='·+ ª ² £I E}. ¤'+ y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+I -¢ E+ c G K5c® zRDy. ±'+ µ+ F , e {1I y;cÑ+I §E+ ;+¢F £ = R R R R ° c §K'+ -¢ E+ ;+¢FI j+6c¾) ÊE LÊK¢; LchCI } }t. R c :)+ N5¢ F %c =)± c Ec h 7+I c ¤ = %¢ §E+ ¤ {. ¥ d ¤B L R R R y;cÑ+I §E+ ;+¢F ·) + R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

¡x B jc¤R }t |E+ = cKc § E+ } E c F) ±+ ° cF D x, gq0c R E+ K5c hR E+ ¡xH ° jcKR 5Iy §E+ R R F %+3'± ¤¤ . %+y0)c, yF'±+ R hK ± +L 4)+ 3+yB'±+ %+3'c, ± j+%+y0)±+I jc¤R E+I *c<¢Ec, g d.yF K5c hR E+ , E+ g 85I ° c R ¬ ±'+ ¥ d ¤B cF 3N yB F -Í 2 Lg¤R §C Âc . g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ iGcD +4)+ cFR '+ Î R<¢µ+ Jy2'+ *c 7I Å= *c<¢Ec, £ = y;cÑ+I 9y E+I §E+I E+ g 85¢E -Í2'±+ j+¢ ´+ } . R -¢ E+ R c G Ky h, g 9c´+ R R ¢D5c |µ+ y |KP / c E R Ñ+ jcDyR qhR E+ dR P. J^F ¦R '+ ·)+ gBy µ y 8'+ g §, ^ , N c h0± ¤ thR E+ c ,+¢,'+ E+ g 85I .I

N5g ¹+ kI+bl 7+ L+4)+ F K^¤ h {µ+ -^=c {µ K5c |F ® i D +4)+ N yR qhD -Í }C K5c |F x¤ . cFR )+ enK Lc ¤R F Lc :y= R §hK gq }E+ zKz hE R =3 i CI'+ £hFI +4)+ c { , %c dE+ £ = -5^ E+ K5c |µ+ ¡xH ® '+ enK I'+ F g¤R µ+ F £G3'+ gd {G c §E g¤R ¤ E+I g¤R Ecµ+ g Hc {µ+ I'+ I g¤R =c ²+ gD5c |µ+ F g053 yRB¢h. '+ enK L+4)+ 3yR ¹ F ÉD'+ ¸cRhEc, R |.I gB^ h {µ+ jc=¢ n E LcR¤ B L±¢2^F ^RE¢. '+ ¢2^ E -5R ^µ+ jc;c |R E+ 'c 8 cµ+ -5+3)+ c dhR . ¥hE+ c { G ^=+¢ E+ g¤R E+ ¡x , R hµ+ cµ+ -5+3)+ dhR . '+ enK c H F g¤R =c h0+ jc R » gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> h R F °

9gx 8'µ+ iN5b.L kI+bl 7µ+ eK5^. ^ = gKc E L+5x1 D gKy E+ J¢h {F £ = N = x¤ . £ = 9ct 8'±+ Oi,5R 3 +4)+ g R F gF+^h 7+ cKc §C y . ¤ = +y 8)±+I Î,5R ^hµ+ g¤R EI(¢ {F R qhh 7 gq }E+ -5+6I iGcD c1 ° ±) + g¤R q }E+ cKc § E+ ° 9ct 8' ±+ R R f5R ^K cF LcdEc>I g¤q }E+ g¤,y R RhE+ jc;c |G x¤ . ·)+ Iy |µ+ £ {K l¤1 gFc E+ gq }E+I ¡c¤µ+ K5c |F R RFc' . #+4cµ N N ¤ {, eK5^.I -3c 8 £ = ¢,5R ^hµ+ }q¤B LcGc¤1'+ hKc G ·)+ }K Iy |µ+ R E g¤R q }E+ I(¢ |E+ ° Î KR Iy E+ R c 7)±c, Î,c }µ+ c ;'±+ c 7'+ 2I ³+ %c =)c, Iy 8cdKI §¤,'+ Lc F ¢=chdK ^C +y 8)±+ +^ G+ F g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ '+^d. Î1 m^qK { G yF'±+I J4'±c, ¢ddR {hK ^C ¸chR Ec, ¥Fc³+ g0+5^R E+ FÅ, ¤R D I'+ g 7 ^ , ¥ ht. '+ ld . cF R / g ¤R F Ng=c 0 ° gq }E+ c yR E+ K5c |¨ R R = f5R ^hB gF¢=zµ+ g¤R EI'±+ g¤q }E+ gKc= R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

¢¦ N ¢'+ gIU )+ ir¨E Ò Ig H+ ¡I Qk=¦ ½ ¨ . b = O+5|1 ¡G gUI)+L +} 8)ÎH ¢¦ «xNL n&gEg ¹+ ¢¦U lNL £ h l I £H OgU¨.+4 -3bU ¾ £l U £I ¢¦ . ¢'+ irN

kNU ¦ H+ ng h H+ É= kI+bl 7µ+ %g , U Õ¤Õ { Õ. Å= Ç |F N ^ÕH 6c¾)+ Õ0'+ ÕF cÕH3¢Õ Õ0 -yÕÕBcÕÕ §F gÕÕ Õ Õ hÑ+ jcÕÕ=¢ÕÕ Õ nÕ Õ Õ E jcÕÕ Õ dÕ |E+ rÕ R Õ¤Õ hÕ . cÕÕF L-3cÕÕ= 3+yB'±+I jc=¢ Ï+I jc R µ+ F g=¢ hF L ¤R n¤.+Ç 7±+ R g { 7 R §h. ¥hE+ jc d |E+ idk.I 35+¢µ+ 0I jc R Lc 7+I Lc =3 £ . g 9c´+ oF+ÅE+ I' + jc 7c¤ {E+ R '+ jc 7c¤ {E+ ¥ Gc }E R g B+^F g¤R n¤.+Ç 7+ ¢qG Ic h.I 9+¢h. ¥hE+ jc R µ+ F g=¢ ¹ ·)+ c¤ {E+ +xH ° g d |E+ R r }F Í |K 0I 3¢ ²+ -yBc §F £ = ^ E+ } K cHy G g 0¢, Î R µ+ 9ct 8'±+ Ê=)+ ·)+ ^ . ¥hE+ ¦'+ gDÇ |F R g1Ç µ+ oF+ÅE+ ° g¤R Ec E+ F ^Kz¨ E+I j+5^ E+I 35+¢µ+

k h 8 %g , ngNbU ° '+ jc d |E+ %c §=' + £ = ¥ d K +xE L+3R c0 LÊ = c ¤ = g BcÐ+I jc d |E+ %c , Åh K g µ+ ^*+¢ E+ >5 R R c h²c µ I^R h {KI g¤EchR E+ jcK^R qhR E+ +IyRDxhK £ = Lc *+3 jc d |E+ %c §=' + hR K ± ^C E4 >5I LchCI y h {. g¤R = c 0)±+ %c , R +) R c .c¤R n¤.+Ç 7+I c .cKc>I g d |E+ +^H' + R %c §='±+ jc R µ+I oF+ÅE+ {Bc h. '+ hÐ+ F c *c §='+ Î, g RkE+ g d |E+ ¥ d. ' + enK R c H F Ic hR E+ £ = c .5^C Cy K c¼R c { G gqGcµ+ j±cD¢E+ F K¢ hR E+ £ = ¢ }q E Njc=+zG 0I ° g RkE+ %c , {RhK f5cª +IÅh2+ ^C %c §='±+ ¢ K '+ Ã c D g,¢ }Ec, g /c¼ R Ic h, E+ £ = .5^C ° yR/(¢. g¤R F '+ g 9c2 %+¢ 7 § dE+ § , F g ,c 7 R D R D %c §='±+ Ê=)+ ¦R 5Iy §E+ F +xE L +^¤ . c .c¤R h {0¢E -5+3)+ j3+36+ g d |E+ iÀ c R R R g d µ+ jc;c | R E+ o*ch R E+I -xthR µ+ jcDyqhR E+I jc=c h0±c, LcFI3 %cK¢C'±+ %c §='±+ ^1'+ R ¬ = Lc :¢= LgBcD %c §='±+ Î, Lc¤R GIc . L+^ 0 g d |E+ £ d. ' + enK R 5¢F'±+ cFz, § , I'+ g¤R Ec BI gN 7Ê {, g d |E+ E gF6ÊE+ ^=+¢ E+ £ = %c §=' ±+ hR K '+ enK R g¤R GIc hR E+ c .c;c |G 0'+ F cH35+¢F g¤R Ec B F ^Kz. ¤D g d |E+ 5 R yR . '+ enK

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

kHg U E Qng h 8 %g J)µ n+3g 85)+ Í2 B fcd |E+ gF^t, c h R µ Lg¤R BI %c dE+ £ = g d |E+ +I^=c {K ' + ÎFzh µ+I Îq :+¢E+ fcd | E à R R R F HÍ>I %cC^ 9'±+I fÊ R E+ +¢ R K '+ fcd | E à .c0c1 g¤d . 0' + F g=¢ :¢µ+ oF+Å E Rk¼ R g d |E+ g 1 =^E fcd |E+ R R .c E+ cC5'+I g/^R Ð+ ^KÅE+ KIc , gq*± £ = Bc1 Î R F 9ct 8'±+ £ dK '+ £ = 9y1)+ Ê=)cB , c }R.±+ e0+¢E+ ÎR¤ 7c 7'±+ 9ct 8'±+I g d |E+ %c §=' ± ÂIÇ E±+ ^KÅE+I {Dc E+I R 3^R qKI E+ %¢ 7 g053 F }R K c D hD5c |FI Fc hH+I h / £ = BcqK c hGc, %c §='±+ Õ= j+yÕRDxÕF LcÕFI3 jcÕ ÕdÕ |E+ %cÕ R §='+ £ÕR Õ ÕhÕK '+ ¥Õ ÕdÕ ÕKI jÊÕ Õ |F Õ¤ÕqÕ hÕ {. '+ ÕÕdÕ C Ê´+ cÕÕ Õ G FI g d µ+ m+^1'±+ ¢1 jcF¢ µ+ F cHÍ>I gKR 5cd2)±+ j+y | R E+I g/^R Ð+ j+5+y E+I jc=c h0±+ gD5c |µ+ gd {G Rn |K '+ gd 7c F Ng Ky , m+^1'±+ F cHÍ>I jc=c h0±+ ^¤=+¢¨ d {µ+ 5c 2)±+ 'c 8 g R µ+ j+5+y E+I jc |Cc µ+ ° I'+ E+ cF'+ hR E+I g,c ´+ ° %+Å´+ %c §='±+ 3^R 1 Lc¤R FÊ=)+ c ¤k hE g d |E+ 7c, Î R hF yhO 2+ Ng 1yF ° Ê=)±+ F =c RhE+ KyB ° { G'+ +¢G¢ K '+ 9ct 8'±+ %±(¢ E à g d |E+ 5 R ¢ . F -y dF R hR K '+ ¦R 5Iy §E+ FI fcd |E+ c K5 ° ¢ K ' + H^1'± ¥ d K c D : +¢G¢ K ± I'+ -3c¤ E+ R R Ê=)±+ g ` 7'+ F Fc Rh E Ng Ky; £ = %c §='±+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

y }; lFckF) ~ F)

Chapter 13:

I2 g¥ ~,

Clearing Your Mind

;c F mÊ/ ° 6+¢hR E+ F Lc=¢G g¤ hR E+ c¹ ° = I^¤nK KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ ^0I ^ E cF ^R 1 ·)+ c , +¢ R ¬I g 9c´+ .+z¤ ¬ B F +¢ R ® R

hR E+ F N ¢GI +Ç1c, H%ÊF6 ¢ Fc K +I5c 9

RhE+ F N ¢GI +Ç1c, = F K^¤ h {µ+ ¢ Fc K +I5c 9

¦'+ H4 g¤ }. ° .^=c {F £ = -y E+ } . g/ÊR kE+ K3c¤µ+ ¡xH ° .^=c {µ K5c®I j R M c 8c G ¥ K cF ° . c¨ R qRhE+ ¤ h {. RG'+ =)+ E } E+ +xH 6Icnh. '+ Lc d; à . cF . O¶ B ° .^=c {F R h. cF |CcGI c R D ¤ 9c hR E+ dhR . +xE . c¨ R qhR E+ F R h. B 9c´+ D¢ 7 . ± i D +4) + cFR +' R g d µ+ g ¤ E+ j+¢ {E+ J^F £ = H4 ° 8c R R E+ Í 7 £ = Bc1 R / K5c RhE+ = jc,c0)±+ F h R F %c , F F'c. KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ F g=¢ ¹ K^E ¢ . ^ B g=¢ ¹ : K5c hR E+ ¤d . ° e>y. ^C +¢G¢ K '+ £ = 9y1)+ %ÊFzR E+ F Lc KyB i 0 +4)cB g¤R F¢ 1 Í> gN R F ° F . RG+' hÐ+ F I'+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> I'+ gF^´+ F y }PK ±'+ £ = 9y1)+ gGcH)±c, yK^µ+ y |B LÊkF g1+y }, K'+5 = 9ct 8'±+ ^1'+ ='+ +4)+I KIc {hF g¤Ec E+ gd.yE+ F g/Ê/ I'+ g ¤ {dE+ gd.yR E+ F Î R<¢F g/Ê/ F Lg=¢ ¹ R 8 +xE Lgd 9 E+ ° g¤R F¢¤E+ .c¤1 ¥ {® g=¢ Ï+ : {K cF %c |B)+ ^ , N }t 8 R D ^ K '+ £ = 9y1)+ -^1+I -ÍdD Ng=¢ ¹ = Lc :¢= 'c |E+ R ° c F^R . F E gGcH)+ gKR '+ c FÊ , ¥ G ± c { G'+ E4 ° c¨ g¤ hR E+ +^¤F ° K F R D = &±+ R hG {K M ^R C c ¤, N^1'+ F cF g¤R µ+ c .+Í {¨ cG'+^, Î1 c .zR 1 ¥hE+ y=c |µ+ ¥H cF r :I'+ N |, G '+ F'cG {E+ R h }, { G ° yR K c ¤ 0 c = ¥1+¢G F Ng¤1cG ° Lc0c=6)+ ÉD'±+ cGz*+y , R qhE+ c® R qhK N^1'+ F cF ±)+ ¤ h {G ±I ¢ Bc. c RG+' F I^RDc' hF qG Jy2'+ Ng¤1cG °I D y/¢E .5cF I'+ +zKÍ. '±+ = 3cC y2&+ Lc04¢À c .c¤1 g¤R dE jc {³c, c C +4)+ c { G'+ 4c G)+

#g£, U ul.L k 9g¸+ .+~¨ ° £ . MbI ª'U + »)+ U 4c G)±+ lR kF Ky2&±+ -^=c {F = ¢EI(¢ {µ+ 9ct 8'±+ K '+ µ+ F | T ¹+ bT£ «¹+

k¨U u «H+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

jcCI'±+ F ° c R F N¥=I Í , m^qK E4 R E jc¤R 1y {µ+ ° c D L+5+I3'+ ¦3R ¢( G Lc ¤ 0 c RG+' £ = -y E+ } . R x µ+ 5I3 e G '+ r05'±+ B g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ ° ¢DÇ |F c RG'+ c¨I c ¤E)+ sc.yG L+5+I3'+ ¦3R ¢( B Jy2'+ I^n¤ 7 cF c=y 7 jÊ |µ+ J^1)+ R 1 ° HcG^=c 7 +4)cB g¤R q §E+ 5I3 e K ' + y2&±+ § dE+ § K R R LcKR yHc< g ¤ §E+ -' + yµ+ ckF ¢H ¦ ^¤ h E+ ckµ+ ^Q §µ+ ¦' + Ex, yK y 8 05 e d {hK ' + enK g ¤ q : %yµ+ ¢ ¤E R R R R M R R -%c 7)+ ° ¡5I^, ¢H '+^dK -^R F ^ ,I cHx ¤E y2&+ LÊ05 ^ª '+ ld . cF R / c h Fc F %¥ {K LÊ05 Lc *+3 pIzh. ¥hE+ R uE)+ ¤E+I3 +x HI y2&+ N 05 = lqdhB c h Fc F c nR |GI c .Ê |¨ Lg K^ 9 ^=c { B 4c G)±+ lR kF y 9c = Î, R hG £ dG , +I^R E+ £ = L+^1+I L+5I3 ^ h G ± +4)+ c .c¤1 ¤qGI 5+y h 7c, c n=zG c RG+' L-c' nB cGÅt. '+ ·)+ N^ 7 Í2 c E ^R GI r*c } R E+ ^R GI c h15c }F £ = N K^ 9 ·)+ 'cn B g¤R q §E+ c R R Gc' DI %¢ {Ec, L R +5¢ 8 c ¤B Lg R » 1y. '+ ld . cFI K^Q §µ+ &±+ c h, L+4)+ Lg {¤ . '+ ·)+ +4I +xH £ = c nR |KI cG^=c {K H x µ+I g¤q §E+I ^Q §µ+ Lc §K'+ I^R E+I g¤ /)±+ jc=¢ Ï+ , 4c G)±+ lR kF gd E H^1I 3+yB'±+ e K ± R fch KI chEI3 f5cqh. c¤1'±+ § , ° #g¤ :cµ+ y | E+ j+¢ {E+ ° c¤ 7& +I c¤ KyB'+ F Ng kF'+ ° yR . '+ à R 2^hR E+ ·)+ -^qhR µ+ ½±+ Lg¤=+3 -^Q §µ+ c RG'c, Jy2'±+ c F X D hR hB ch¤R q : c RGc' , 5M ¢ 8 c Hch D Lc`¤ 8 K ± R E m^qK cF eC+yK ¦xE+ ^Hc |µ+ C¢F ¢H y2&+ Lc C¢F +IxthR K '+ I^R E+ I'+ 3+yB'ÊE à 5¢F'±+ § , |h h {B g Ky E+ ¡x , yR . i D +4)+ Lc §K'+ g 9c´+ .c0c1 ^thE , e {1I L +y¤R 2 Lc }t 8 ¢ hE ± g¤ hR E+ 1 ° . iG'+ R q*c } E ¶c E+ khà ± cF^ = EcF&+ e¤thB -ÍdD -y Ec, Kx µ+ jc RC¢. ¢ . c¤1'±+ § , ° Q ,)+ E4 = Lc :¢= %¥ 8 R , R qhR E+ ° gd>yR E+ = C¢hR E+ ¥H yF'±+ +xH ¦3c hE y R E+ J^1)+ F jÊ |µ+ ¡xH R +' r :I F ÉD' + g 9c´+ .Ê |F R 1 g¤R EI(¢ {F +¢ R qhK ¥D K^¤ h {µ+ F jcD+y 8 R R c ¤Gc K F HcD £ = c / F R t. '+ ¤ h {. ± RG+' I , ± , g 9c2 R g¤R q §E+ 5I3 R +' ^ h . iG'+I Dc |µ+ F ^Kzµ+ F Jy2'±+I -Ç E+ Î, -3¢ E+ £ = jc=¢ Ï+ id<+I +4)+ R 3cnK)± I^dK cF £ = LcR¤ H4 -zHc0 Í> c RG+' g=¢ Ï+ 5cd2)+ ·)+ y §. ^C *ÊF6 F ¢ :¢µ+ |CcG c ¤ :yK hD5c |µ g¤R F6 L+3I^1 ¤R . '+ à c D ¥R B R 1

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

¡M|² #4g J)·+ pU oI } 8 ¶ 3+}E'gG lJ'+ L'+ l U ¢I ¦ªE m FL « :g»+ ¶ gI QmFL ¶ }U . ¤'+ ¢ É K

¡M|² m U 1 bF g¥.'g J'+ «lH+ kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> k U ¢»+ U¤'+ 5¨ . ¤& ·+ © = n}U I bF Qn+¨¢ 7 } = U¤'+ 5¨ . U U Q l = £= ¤¨/UbulNL 7gU¢H+ H U ª 7 ÓhG g l1+ ¶ kUªH+bªI ©U ll 7 UJ)+ H ªF bFL Og1gÄ kªHglU H+ k d 7'·+ £= Qng,g0)+ ¢I U G il ª E ¡'+ l0L6 0L6 # .bU 0 ¡'+ bU 0 # .bH+L ¡'+ bH+L #O·L'U + M} hH+ ¦ªH)+ U l 7 ¬|H+ x H+ ¨K £I U #kUª Ö+ -bN}¸+ ¶ U¶gu 9 # H+¨I'+ ¦ªE b=¨. ¬|H+ } »+ }NbI # ª ¹+ Nb 9 %gFb 9'+ #m2'·+ L'+ z'·+ # KÓ> £I ÏG'+ -Ó H+ L'+ tg= J·g, ¤L} ª 7 £N|H+ 9gx 8'·+ K £I #%+b='+ L'+ k 75b»+ £I ©I+bF Q 7gª I © = H4 3Ub1 #OgU ¥I 9gx 8'·+ %·(¨K 5gh2)+ Ël N MbI U¬+' ½)+ U ¥I Ó> ½)+ } H+ Ó N pª1 U Ð;)·+ © = %« 8 U K'+ ½)+ L OgFÐ;)+ £N} UlH+ +|K 9¨ x, j¨l »+ -%+}F ©UH¨lN ¤'+ Q x 8 £I i ;+L H+ ½)+ } J'+ ¤&·+L J I OgF3g 9 £G £ H %g . gI 5b , £N}2&·+L 5g l. ¤'+ ¢ É k=¨ Õ+ ¶ N'+5 FgJ U /

# £ .L +Ë1g, %ÎI6 Ig . MbI ª'U + »)+ U ¡M|² m l 7+ +4)+ k=¨ ¿ £ : £N} lU H+ +|K hW NS iK ÔFghH+ £I gÕ+ +|K ¶ ­E'+ 7g¢U H+ ­ , U¤)+ ¨ H+ g¢¢ É n+5+} H+ 4gxU.+ ½)+ }I'·+ N Ô1 8g U¢H+ ªul NL -}Nbl I QkHLg; ¨1 ¡g U H+ 9gx 8'·+ Lg¢lªE hl I ¶ ¤g1 bF %+b H+ mFL U¤'+ sP N I rN -b*g»+ ¨1 kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> k U ¢»+ h l I 9¨ x, ¬U b0 £ H «U 75 Ó> g l0+ ½)+ 0)+ U / kUªF5L Qk 9g F © = OÐG ng 9+¨»+ y J)+ §gJ3'+ k05bI K(Lg 7'+ 9gx 8'·+ £I ¨¢lI U Q ¬'+}U H+ i1g 9 x H+L © =' · + ¶ K' · + ¬+ } H+ i1g 9 x H+ 7+ :L I 3 ¨ = ¶ +5L' ·+ U U U U 7'·+ ¶ kUª K'+ F'·+ jg 8 iªh; kFÐ , kUN ª J·+ bª° · £ H+ k 7¨lI k U U Uª=g l0+ k U<¨I kFÐ , kNU ª J·+ bª° · kN} H+ £I -5gN , ¡¨ . kªU I'+ k¢U I -'+}I+ ¦.b=g I Lg² ¬|H+ k=¨ Õ+ 3+}E'+ b1'+ £ H+ U 7¨lI ng,g 1 i.gG U }*+6 «U ,L5L'+ Óh2 kU,g 8 k Ig= N'+5 FgJ U / F ¶ j¨l »+ -%+}F Q x 8 £I i ;+L kªHglU H+ ku H+ ½) + } J'+ ¤&·+L U J I OgF3g 9 £G £ H %g . gI 5bF £N}2&·+ -};g I ¢ É k=¨ Õ+ £ :

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

¡M|² © = N ¬|H+ x H+ }U U G4 ¬'+U}H+ ¶ *ÐI6 b1'+ I g¥ªE m l2+ «lH+ -Ó2'·+ qÐUoH+ n+U}»+ ¶ }U E k G ilG'+ #}2&·+ x H+ §g° n} 8 +4g® #n} 8 ªG M}2' + Qngh 7g¢® }UG|N ¤'+ ¢I Qk,} I U -'g0g »+ %gh H+ i ­ H+ ng H+ ¤¨ . bF ng H+ §|¥, ¢H l1+ £ H kh 7g¢I U H ¤gG OgUN'+ ¡+Í1·+ kU F ÛÛhÛ U.)+ U Û / ÛÛ F ¶ j¨ÛÛlÛ »+ -%+}ÛÛF Q xÛÛ 8 £ÛÛ I i ÛÛ ;+L kÛÛ ªÛ HgÛÛ lU Û H+ kÛÛ uÛ Û H+ ½) + }ÛÛ Û J'+ ¤&·+L U Q -ÓhG kF5L © = il ªH k=¨ Õ+ ¶ Q x 8 ½)+ tglul 7 ng ª UlH+

# £U .L +Ë1g, ¡Nb¨ l ¹+ Ig . MbI ªU '+ »)+ ¡M|² kªHglU H+ k d 7'·+ £= k,¨0'·+ ¢I [ G il ª E ¢U H+ b l N Qiªh; ½)+ U H+ jgu 9+ ¶ }U . k ª ; © u, jg N '+b, bF ¦UJ'+L , «¢l . UJ'+ iK bFL kEg UoH+ £I kªHg= k053 © = m ªH ¦l¸g I kUª ªG ª = wÍ .L 5+¨¸+ ¶ UI'+ tÐ H+ ¶ U«,} H+ # g l1·+ +|K nR Í2+ R¼ #iªh U H+ 5L . ¡'+ g¥luª J h . ¥E kN}F ¶ m=}=}. £ : N'+5 FgJ U / F ¶ j¨l »+ -%+}F Q x 8 £I i ;+L kªHgUlH+ ku H+ ½) + } J'+ ¤&·+L U J I OgF3g 9 £G £ H %g . gI 5bF £N}2&·+ -};g I ¢ É k=¨ Õ+

g£, ulH+L k ¾ £E ¦1 8g J U 9g¸+ .+~U U *+¨¸+ N6¨. g l1+ H+ ½)+ } J'+

, L+5¢tB ^E+I ªI .^E+I ^ {. '+ 3R ¢. RG+' ° R 8 ± Ky2&±+ %+5&c, yR/'ch. J^F ¦R +' ·)+ ¢H c H R K cF Ky2&±+ %+5&c, Fc hH+ jc, )+ E 8cB RG+) cC ¦xE+ ÅD'±+ ¤2'+ pc=6)+ ° e>y. ^C RG+' ° R 8 ±I yK^F Åt. '+ j35'+ +4)+ Lg |F Âc . iG'cB ·)+ F 7c¤ F £ = ÉD'+ I'+ ¦'+ ¶c E+ ° %N ¥ 8 R H'+ pch¬ B ° R cq 9 Åt. '+ j35'+ +4)+I #%+yRkE+ ·)+ ¢h. RG+' '+ -ÍdD g¤R EcF Dc |F Âc . iG'+ B yF'±c, y }F +^H'+ gq }F ° e R }. ± j+5+yC 4ctR.c, '+^d. ^ B L+^R 0 gKR ¢C jc0c³+ ¡xH iGcD +4)+ #-y |E+ ·) R + g 7cF g0c1 £ = F m^R qhR E+ Ã N }t 8 = lq,cB 7c¤ µ+ £ = ÉD'+ I'+ g053 i nR 7 RG+' i |hD+ +4)cB h R F .c0c1 -^R 1 F ¤ thR E+I .Ê |F R 1 £ = ^=c {¤B L-Å2 ÉD'+I Lc R 7 ÅD'+ ¢ K '+

*ÎI~H l Ig I k¨U ¨G ¦1 8g J %+b H+ -b*gI ¨1 8g J H+ ½)+ } J'+

-^¤R 0 -y B g¤R Fy E+ g { {E+ R +' Lc R 1 i < H #+4cµ # 9ct 8'±+ ht¨ g¤R FyH g { 7 h=¢ ¹ i :I H 5^ E+ +x , eh E+ § , £ = 3c h=±+ Ã ± #gq¤q 9 c RG+' ° R 8 ÊB fch E+ ° -5¢DxF c RG+' c¨ RG+' i < '+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

cD )+ £hR 1 NfchD ¦R '+ ^R }. '+ dC c C^R 9 c dR.cB g ¤ 7 z*+y> iGcD +4)+ ¢H I'R ±+ 75^R EcB c H F g¤R FyH Ng { 7 gKR '+ ° 7c R E+ R }G ±'+ £BI'±+ F R E c,I5I'+ ° Lc,¢h F ¢ E+ c à }R E+ ¢ K # 9ct 8'±+ ht¨ c h }E'+ ¥hE+ g ¤ E+ ¥H cF gR¤Fy E+ g { {E+ i :I c1 ° R R / i :I H Lc §K'+ { Ec, z¾ '+ c à E j+5+y E+ 4ctR.+ ° Ky2&±+ F L±c1 §B'+ 9ct 8'±+ § , R +) J^F ¦R '+ ·)+ E %+Å´c, Lc,¢ 0 ¢ R0¢hK KxE+ ÎR¤,I5I'±+ £ R {PK #+4cµ # y E+ 7'+5 fyC N c F ° ÎR¤,I5I'±+ Ic¬ ± RG+' F'cG 4)+ #gKR z¤ G±+ -3c0)+ £ = 9ct 8'±+ -5^ , .+5+yC jyR/'c. H # .cF¢ F .cF¢ F ¢ . ÎF^ µ+ z¤ G±+ ÎR¤d¤ E+ -^=c {F .+Å2I HcK+zµ Lc BI 9ct 8'±+ 5^R C +xE (LÐI6 I lxN Ô1 H+ ½)+ } J'+

cF ° ¢ ht¤ 7 g=¢ ¹ gKR '+ 3+yB'+ R '+ ° R 8 ± -ÍdD NgC5I £ = g,ch E+ £RE¢hK '+ g=¢ Ï+ ° N }t 8 F e ;'+ 3c }. m^qK L+5¢;I +yK cF £ = yF'±+ g²c F Ã L-5c. ¤, ¥H cF g=¢ Ï+ |Cc . ¢ E+ 0I ° ^¤ F Í> Î ¤E+ ·)+I ^¤ F g D 5c {¤E+ ·)+ ehD'+ gC5¢E+ £ ='+ ° +4cµI -^¤ µ+ Í> y=c |µ+ ¥H cFI +4cµI 9ct 8'±+ htK Î1 -^¤ µ+ y=c |µ+ Lc¤R F 3N yB R D yR K '+ enK E Lc §K'+ %N ¥ |, cD LcKR +' c R.+ ¥ d K ± c D %¥ |, +Ç=±+ cD ¦R '+ £ = e0R ¢hK ± *ÊF6 £ = y Rh E e § E+ ¢F^th {K 9ct 8'±+ § dB 9c´+ D¢ 7 ° R R K '+ +xH 'c 8 F ¥R d>I %£ » ¥ RG+' F ^R , ÊB ¥ F 7cR E+ h2+ +4)+ { G'± 9ct 8'±+ § , ¢ K g R µ+ ° hHc {F FI h ¤C F

L-3cB)+ ÉD'+ Ng Ky , ¥ { G F hR E+I y }hR Ec, &±+ L+5+yC +IxthR . '+ e 7c µ+ F ¢ K ^C F § d E gd { R Ec, j +fkH ¡M|²

¢I b1+¨H+ ° Q- ª® }2&·+ ¢I U G Ëxª E ¥ I . £N|H+ %ÐI U H+ k=¨ ¿ Ô, } J 0'+ l=¨ ¿ ¶ gI ¤L5Ub . Og ª 0 UJ'+ +¨¢ ='+ 3g¸+ H+ © = -5b H+ L'+ b H+ g¥U H Og UªF U

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

¡Nb¨ l H l Ig I k¨U ¨G ¦1 8g J %+b H+ -b*gI ¨1 g l0·+ ½)+ b= O·L'U +

+4)+ #-^¤ h {µ+ g=¢ Ï+ ¢ §= c R h1+ ¥hE+ gGc µ+ c B gR¤ H'±+ e {1 gR¤FyH Ng { 7 ° ¤ ²+ i R 9 ^C i D +4)+ g=¢ Ï+ ¡xH ·)+ h R F y G g¤R ¤ , LcK^R 0 Í hR E+ , 5^nK c ,R y B y E+ g R C fyC gGc F }t |E+ +xH R hqK ¶ R gR¤ ¤D c |hD+ ° ÎR¤ B %cDy 8 '+ c {1)+ :¢F # ¤E)+ gd {R Ec, g=¢ Ï+ ¡xH ¢ R |K KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ Rkà +4cF { G 'c 7)+ Lʤ C ¢EI ¤E)+ gd { R Ec, c {1)+ :¢F +¢GcD +4)+ # .c¤1 Î {¬ ^Ky. +4cF E'c {G E c R E LÊd h {F dK5^.I ¤ k. ¤ h, ¢ 7 E cC Lc }t 8 R +' ¢E iG'+ y |h 7 ¤D F §B'+ E4 y G c RG± ' yR . O ¤B I'+ ­N}»+ U H+L .bH+L 9¨ x, ¶ +¨ H+ £= l,g0) + Lg¢. ¤&·+L U

¥HI 7c R E+ µ gd { R Ec, ·I'±+ gBc RkE+ Åh . ¥hE+ FR +' gBc / ° Í hR E+ £ = .^=c {F ·)+ +(¢ {E+ +xH ^ K R 7cR E+ gBc / eEc E+ ° Lc §K'+ ¥HI ¢ E+ 75^KI g 75^µ+ ·)+ eHxK '+ dC c F ¤E)+ ¥ h K ¦xE+ ^¤ RhE+ FǬ ± iG'cB gBc RkE+ ¡xH Ǭ ± i O D +4)cB .^=c {F ^Ky. KxE+ fnH

kUª ªH¨/gG kUNb¢H}N)+ Qk *g= £I Q3} G O-} 8ghI kªJgUoH+ kUª»g H+ j}¹+ b , +Í J+ ¶ ¡ ¡ Sm=}=}. b H }¥ 8'+ k/Ð/ -bU » ¡U ·' + iª 1 £I :5 g¢U G g¢luU 9 © = k Egu H 5¨I'·+ £I bNb Hg, ¡¨ . «IU '+ mJgG £N}Eg »+ ª 8 UoÉ ¤gG ÔUª ªH¨/g H kh U¢Hg, g¢Fg¢='+ ¨1 }E¨l N}G NUb H+ n+3ÐF g¢Nb.5+ g G +4)gE nguª lU H+ ¨1 k 9gº+ g¥l 7gª 7 m hU .+ g G N} U H+ © = n+5gª H+ q3+¨1 £I g¢ª uN ¾g lU Hg,L U U © = k U I «UI'+ mJgG ¦ I i U H g¢ 7}. mJgG i G «,'+ L'+ kh ¹g, 5+¨¸+ £I Q ; U¬+' :}I ng¢ªIglª Hg, }*g 8 g¢ . mJgG ª,}U H+ ¶L k 75b»+ 3g.}J ¤'+ hF g¥U G kH¨ U H+ :+}I'g, jg SJ ¤'+ iU0¨lN ¤gG k Nb¹+ ¶ ¨ ¢. M}2'+ klhJ U¬'+L JLb hH+ £I k=¨¢ I «KL %gl H+ b , g¢I3 kN¨ lH U -LÐÛ.L n+}Û0gÛ »+ bÛ Û, vÛ Û H+ bÛ Û = gÛ ¢ Û ª Û Û = ¤gÛ Û G ¡¨Û Û ¢ Û H + Û Û h Û F %gÛ Û I Û G L wgÛ Û h Û 9 U Û G ¨ÛU Û Û lU Û H+ gÛÛ¢Û ªÛ Û = U U U bN »+ g¢KL g¢.+¨ 9

gKc ³c, y |. 0 RG+' ±)+ ¥Y = I'+ ¥Y F Í> c .c 75c¼ § , cD c R,yE # hRq 9 £ = c q E RF+' i B +4cF %cC^ 9'+ Å2'+ FÇ1+I 0'+ F h B cF R , Lgq*± ^R ='+ ¶c E+ g¤R , F N 6+¢h, I'+ g=c ²+ F %M z0 RGc' , I'+ .c¤1 c , j'+^, ¥hE+ gBc RkE+ Ç1+ cHÅ2'+I

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

J%²) q ¶)

Annex 1: Needs Assessments Including PRAs

¦E3c }hF) ¦ LyF) ¥¥ hFcE jc.c´) jc ¥¥ ,

= jcF¢ µ+ c |hD+ ¢1 g ¤ 7¢E+ ¡x E %c 7'±+ F 3M ^= c H E ¥R D5c |hR E+ ¥ KyR E+ ¤¤ hR E+ c H Ic hG ¥H *c 7¢E+ ¡xH j+z¤R F R H'+ R EI g=c ²+ ¤ ¬ I'+ Ky {E+ ¥ K yR E+ ¤¤ hR E+ ¥H -y¤R hµ+ %c 7'±+ B jc0c³+ R cH^Ky. RG+' y . ¥hE+ jcF¢ µ+ ¢ nK B .c0c1 75^. KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ gR¤ E+ ¡xH ° 5c |K R hµ+ g¤R D5c |hR E+ g¤R KyR E+ jc ¤¤ hR E+ ^1'+ ° ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = LcF¢K c ¤B yR . ¶ ¥hE+ . ¢ ¤ §KI p+I6 I(¢ 8 Í,^. dC 5c hG±c, R 0+I6'+ c C)+ ° -^=c {µ+ 35'+ RG+' jc RF±' + iEcC gq }E+I %c { R R Ec, g d.yF g ¤ 7 N { 7'+ £ = N *cC N C 5^ }F +xH cD L+^R 0 -Í 9 R 7 ° 0IzhK R R D jc dEcB R .c , g ,chµc, yK^0 ¢HI gR¤,c¾)±+ gq }Ec, e>y. ^ B ¢2^µ+ ^¤E¢. g Ky; FR 'ch. i D +4)+ +xE ¢ :¢µc, g R hF E g h» g G'+ F %ÊF6 5c |K n³+ -Í }E+ jc=c }E+ I' + jcG+¢¤³c, gKc E+I g=+5zR E+ = %ÊFzR E+ Ê=)+ ° R R + {E+ ^¤ 9 I' R ^µc, g ¤Ð+ I'+ gR¤ K^µ+ ;c µ+ ° NIc {hF N |, -^¤ F jc¤ RhE+ F ^K^ E+I g,5c µ+ ¡xH Åh . g¥ªH)+ tgl² bF «lH+ ngI¨ »+ £I

¤ = gEc E+ -y 7'±+ 3+yB'+ 3^=I E¢2^FI *c<II ¥R { ²+ K6¢.I R 7I K^¤ h {µ+ 3+^='+ j+y { F I'+ v+¢D'+ ^F ° I'+ 7c R E+ gFc= Î, I'+ -^¤ , C+¢F ° LÊkF ¢ |¤ K l¤1 {E+I R fy |µ+I D'c E g¤R 7c 7'±+ 53c }µ+I *± Í> '+ Lc *± {µ+ cD %+¢ 7I Î`0± g¤R q }E+ gKc= yR E+I ¤ hR E+I %cµ+I c R E+I 5cnK)ÊE g } }Ñ+ Ecdµ+I L g FcD -y 7'±+ gG6+¢F R R Í> { ²+ g 75c¼I j+5^R Ñ+ Ic .I ¢q E+ %c {h1+I y ´+ ¢ {E+I :+yF' ±+I gKR ^ {²+ Dc |µ+ R ³+ G+¢F +^th 7+I -3±¢E+ y;c» F+¢=I ³+ uK5c.I p+IzR E+ R 7 %c { R E gd { R Ec, F&±+ ¤ {hR E+ ·)+ ¢ 9¢E+ #gEc E+ ° } G #g¤BcD *c<I #3^0 # ¢d*c> 9ct 8'+ e 9c µ+I 9ct 8'±+ # y R E+ §B'c, gF^th {F 35+¢F #-Í 9 jc=c 9 #gR¤q 9 Í> I'+ -y 2 *c<I # c ='±+ %c |G)± 6ÊE+ #jcG+¢¤³c, gKc E+ # ¤ 9cÐ+ g¤ KyR E+ ;c µ+ ° #%c { R E+I c0yR E 5c R E+ I'+ g {E+ Ê2 = %cd=' + R # y³+ # {E+ ^¤ 9 R 9yB #g¤R 7c hR E+ %c §='±+ Í . #gFc E+ gKc=yR E+ #Î ; fc¾)+ Î, g¤R F6 -ÇB #r¤ hR E+ #gKx hR E+ 3±I'±+ g 7 # I'R ±+ ³+ p+IzE+ R R 7 #Î H+y E j+5c¤´+ #jc¤h E+I c¤h E+ Î, jcBÊ´+ #g 75^µ+ 3c¤.5+ #-'+yF+ I'+ LÊ05 ¢ . '+ ¥ K +4cF #p+IzR E+ : gKR ¢kG'+ gKR 5¢D4 5¢F'±+ ¥H cF # BÊt, ¢KR 3c E+ 9ct 8'±+ à ¦xE+ cF #c R F K^¤ h { E gd { R Ec, jÊ |µ+ ¥H cF c G)+ I^KyK K'+ # Hy , µ+ ¢H cF # ¢RK3c E+ 9ct 8'±+ c ¤E)+ pchqK ± ¥hE+ E c ¤E)+ ¢0chqK ¥hE+ #Î /±+ Î, N c F ° '+ cKcq : '+ .c¤q, Î R qhF { G'+ IyK ¤D # cµ+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

+|£H kh U Hg, g£ I b¨ l l 7 ©lH+ ngI¦ ¹+ ® ¢'+ E Lg1 ngI¦ ¹+ 7gU H+ u Ç Ò1 h l ¹+ ´ }2&+ Q L} ¹ L'+ L} ¹+ H4 +Ë1+ irNL £l /L £lFL Og «N'+ J¦u Ç £UJg) E ng0gu H ª 7 ªª . ¤g :

c ¤E)+ pch¬ ¥hE+ -^=c {µ+ R D RF'+ ¤qh {µc, {¤E E4 R E jc0cq E g ¤ 7 jc ¤¤ . %+y0)+ {E+ F {¤E R g¤R ¤ hR E+ *c 7¢E+ C¢F = lq,)+ r*c } R Ec, 3Iz. ' R + ¤ h {. c ,c |K cF I'+ g¤R F¢ 1 Í> g R F £ = É='+ ¥R D5c |RhE+ ¤¤ RhE+ Kch 75¢¤B fchD QÇ 8+I (TALC) g § t F ¤Ec h, -^=c {µ+ g { 2 F I'+ Î }t 8 I'+ N }t 8 F KyB ¤ |. F RhE+ ·)+ pch¬ ¥R º N^¤ 9 £ = . i D +4)+ ÉD'+ gKR 5c |h 7+ Lg 9 Ky E+ %c §='+ § , xthR K ^C gEc³+ ¡xH ° ¥R D5c |. ¥R K5 N ¤¤ . %+y0)+ j5yR C +4)+ N 9ct 8'+ g¤EcRhE+ j+5c µc, ¤, cF ° %c §='±+ Rh hK '+ ¦R 5Iy §E+ FI g R R¤ = c F R : -5Iy : F .c¤1 BI K^¤ h {µ+ F gCÊ , RhE+ F C'±+ £ = F c /+ R hK '+ ¥ d K jc E -^R = ¢ hK I^¤ h {µ+ cD +4)+ cFR +' %c {G I^¤ h {µ+ cD +4)+ Ky E+ ·)+ C'±+ £ = -^1+I -'+yF+ Î h {. '+ §B'±+ B g¤R }t 8 5N ¢F'+ = %c { R E+ m^R qh 7 i D +4)+I ¢ 0ÇF yRB¢hK '+ en¤B Î 0Ǩ {¤EI jc 0Ǩ , HR (¢F %c }1)+ ¶c= ¢ K '+ ¦R 5Iy §E+ Í> F cC5' ±+ F Lc E&chF Ky E+ %c §='+ ^1'+ ¢ K '+ ¥ d K R ÉD'+ I C'+ I ÉD'+ kF jcq }F KI § dE+ c § d, c hG5c FI e {R E+ fc {h1+ à }t 8 Ík , C'+ I Ík , eK5^. F R hKI c ¤E)+ pch¬ ¥hE+ jcF¢ µ+ £ = ¢ }q E N-5c h 7+ :I F }t 8 R hK '+ ¥ d K M c Ec h 7+ £ = Ky E+ g¤R , jcBc {µ+ ed {, F6Ê.I c µ+ ^ } . '+ ·)+ y §. ^ B Jy E+ J^1)+ ° ¥R D5c |. ¥R K5 N ¤¤ h, ¢ . i O D +4)+ Å= c ,R yE N c¤E i R {E c H i¤d E Lg ¤ 7I ^ª '+ enK ¸chEc,I C'±+ £ = = cKR +' g { 2 ·)+ pchqh 7 g K¢ R E+ £ = ¢ |¤ K I^¤ h {µ+ cD +4)+ F Lc 7(¢, ÉD'+ c RG+' r05'±+ B . '+ g=c ²+ F RC¢h. ± ¤¤thR E+ c |hDc, E4 E r {¤ 7I Ky 8 -^R µ Lc¤R =¢d 7'+ ^1+I yN } E +yB iCI x2'cK '+ Ky E ¤B F Ng,y F cRK+' g¤Gc / g ¤; N +I3 } E = +4)+ Ík E+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

#§6gÄ)+ £Nbª l »+L kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> k U ¢»+ £I UH(¨»+ N} H £ É +4gI

3+yB'± Ã c D .c0c1I Dc |F +¢ |Cc K '+ 3±I'±+I :yE+ c ;' ±+ %c kh 7c, K^¤ h {µ+ jc=¢ ¹ µ Ã R ¤ tRhE+I ^R Ec, +¢F¢ KI y E+ +¢ nKI m^R qRhE+ ·)+ G+Í0 +¢ B^K '+ F ÎR¤F'±+ £Rh1 gR¤Ec B ÉD'±+ jc=¢ Ï+ } } , +¢E^KI y 7'±+ 35+¢FI ¤2+^µ+ +¢d {hqKI jc;c | R E+ c ='+ I+^0 +¢ R KI g ¤ {dE+ {¤Kc µ+I jc,c {³+I ¢B c ;'±+ jc0c1 ° y . RG+' 3c }K ^C c .c R » +¢ 1ÊKI Ky2&±+ } }C ·)+ +¢ }K '+ c D g 9c´+ R hCI hq FI +Ç1c, h R D +4)cB Lc¤R = ÎC¢ µc, L ±+ I'+ g ,c {E+ R c ,c 7 ÎBIy µ+ g 9c´+ jc0c¤h1±+ ¦I4 9ct 8' R R ¤E)+ ¥ }. '+ R qh {K LcK'+5 E ¢F^R ¤ {B c ¤ = ¢ }³+ I3R ¢K ¥hE+ gKc=yR E+ I'+ -^=c {µ+ ¢G = hE'c 7I -5g l 7+ ¡+bxl 7+ ¢ É

c F+^th 7+ £ = yR ® -5c h 7+ i O :I +4)cB L-3cB)+ ÉD'±+ g ¤ 7¢E+ -5c h 7±+ Åh . g ¤ {dE+ *cC¢E+ ² F e ;'+ c h 0y. +4)+I iC¢E+ F g=c 7 }G F ÉD'+ eR h. ±I gq :+I c RG+' £ = 9yq E L±I'R + e 9 N +(¢ 7 ¦R '+ ·I'±+ -5c h 7±+ ° p5^. ± 'c 2 ¦R '+ 3¢0I ^= F ^D'chR E c h 0y. -3c=)+ y2&+ N }t 8 :+yF'c, id 9P'+ '+ d 7'+ ¥ E'c {. '+ j35'+ +4)cB { , g ` 7'±+ = g,c0)±+ Gc® E RG+' F R ¬ 3y , ¢C'c {B ±)+I g *cB N-c=+y¨ E4 . '+ §B'±+ B #Lc¤R { 0 g h F ¡M|² # hJg0 ½)+ rN ¤gG £I ¬\ '+ © = +(¨ H+ +|K w} l 7 ªG U ªG}lU H+ ng=¨ ¿ Ô, ng Fg¢I kIgF)+ ¢ É

³+ ¢1 c H g Rd µ+ jc 75c µ+ ¥H cF I'+ #5c }E+ c ;' ±c, %c h=±+ R hK ¤D kF +(¢ 7 K^E R g |Cc µ+ ·)+ c §G±+ gEc³+ ¡xH ° %c {G HI ¢ :¢µc, Î R µ+ 9ct 8'±+ F e KP R / #fc¾)±+I jc=¢ ¹ = Jy2'±+ g kF'±+ F Lc *+3 §B'±+ 9ct 8'+ g¤Gc / ·+¢1 F g RE¢( µ+ jc=¢ Ï+ Åh . .c¤1 3^R . ¥hE+ y;cÑ+ = ¢/^R qhK KxE+ 5+¢ |E+ c ;' + ¥H g F NjcF¢ F oh . ¥hE+ z¤DyhR E+ R nK ¥.ÊE+ -Í }E+ c =' ±+ %c {GI 5c }E+ c ;' ±+ gKx . jc 75c¼ yRDxhK ¥.ÊE+ jcR {µ+ %c {R E+I R R c ='±+ ° jcB6cÏ+ F j+Å2 fnH kEL} I 1 kHg1 U£¥¢ª, ¹+ ¶ U£¥xN5g. £= -'+}I+ m/Ub² gI¨ H+ ¶ M}F qÐ/ ¶ U } EL kN| lU H+ %¨ 7 mJgG k1Í »+ :g¥0)·+ jgh 7'+ £I H4 b , ¥ ­ , ngI OgªU 1 O+3¨H¨I ½)+ n3U +' £ H U£¥ :g¥0)+ ih , ng¢N 1 £H N gI %g U¢H+ mJgG OgUª ¢0 k l¢»+ :+}I'·+L gN5л+L ¡UbH+ £N}2&·+ £I I © = £¥l F 3} 7 k 9} , n+bª 7 U

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

b1'+ -5g l 7+ ½)+ R 7gE i 9 ¦¢U H }I'·+ } :+ +4)+ :+}I'ÐH v I %+}0)+ ¢ É

¢ . E -3^R º N-ÇB Ê2 E i :yR . ¦xE+ :yµ+ ¢H cF y . '+ ^Ky.I -^¤ h {µ+ g=¢ Ï+ 75^, ¢ . 3+^=)+ F e .I CI gC5I g=¢ Ï+ 3+yB'+ r ® '+ à g Ec, NgCR ^, jz¤R ® +4)+ ±)+ -^¤ F jcF¢ µ+ £ = :+yF'+ yRDx. F e . '+ à g { R qhFI g R hF Ng=¢ ¹ F ±)+ K ± +xH R E gq*± R hK cF^ = ±)+ yRDxhR E+ rn K ± c 0)±c, g¤R { F ¢ h 7 m+^1'±+ F R E g¤ :cµ+ g {E+ J^F R yR F +4)cB gR¤ 7¢µ+ :+yF'±+ ¤n {h, yF'±+ R hK Î1 hR¤ H'+ = +xH | KI ÎFy } µ+ Î=¢d 7'±c, ¥hE+ :+yF'±+ = 'c {. '+ à E yKy hR E+ -5+^ 9 cK5ʵ+ R h¬ E y 8'+ g/Ê/ dC cK5ʵ+ 7¢F m^R qh B &±+I gKc E L+3^R ºI L+y,ckF ¢ . '+ enK c¤ {E+ +xH ° KÍ2'±+ Î=¢d 7'±+ ° i/^1 Q c K ¶'+ L+4)+ # :5+¢ E+ iGcD cF #-^RDc' hF iG'+ H .3±¢E ,c {E+ ¢¤E+ ° ¦yR B ÂcRkE+ ; = R R ¬ R EI K¢; NiCI ·)+ yF'±+ pchqK y 8'+ g §, R D -3¢ E+ à R / uE)+ # c 7)±+ F ¦X +' g µ+ ° gq }E+ c = F i R . +4)+ §B'+ o*chG R e {1I gKR ^ {²+ :5+¢ Ec, ± Lc R h F ¢ . '+ r05'±+ B ngKg H+ ¬L4 L'+ Ô¢U »+ F R h. i D +4)+ e § E+ I'+ fc`hD±+ kF Lc §K'+ gR¤Ec G±+I g¤ { R E+ , R / LÊkF g=+5zR EcD g h» K3c¤F F kUªI¨ ¹+ Ó> k U ¢»+ t5g2 £I 9gx 8'g, kJg l 7·+ ¢ É g¤R 7yR E+ Í> .+5c ¨ g=c ²+ F %c §='+I g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ ¥ R<¢F ·)+ gBc :)±c, %+Å´+ %±(¢ E à Î, 5c B'±+ 3cd. r¤hK c¨ ¢d 7'±+ Ê2 y E+ gKR ¢ §= y¤R h. ^C y 9'+ N yB : +¢ R |hK '+ g hÑ+ ¸chR E+ +Izn K '+ 3+yB'±+ g=c h 7c, ¤ ²+ ¡xH 6c¾)+ à uE)+ jcCy R E+I jctR §µ+I 6c µ+ E4 ° c¨ cH35+¢FI gKy E *+}º+ 3+b=)+ j+¢ ´+ g 7+¢, jcBc {µ+ 7c¤C à c D 5cn1'±+I ¥R } E+ +^th 7+ F :5'±+ £ = *+y´+ J^1)+ F yKy . ^¤ K %c { R E+I c0y E gd { R Ec, ¥R F¢¤E+ E+ %e= ¢HI H+ %gh='+ g lG+ ° { G E+ c0yR E+ zn K ¢ ³+ ° c ¤R 7 ± c0yR E+ F ¢;'+ Njc=c {E %c { R E+ . Jy E+ LcCcH5)+ ÉD'+ ¸cRhEc,I R H'+ ¢ B c0yR E+ = RG+' c¨ E ¢ ³+ g {Fc´+ R 7 i¬ c ;'ÊE gd {R Ec, gKx RhE+ gEc1 7c¤C ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = kªU 7g 7'+ ªNg I |2'+ gR¤*c / N yB ° Ex, ¢ . ¤D %c {R E+ F g=¢ ¹ R h. c¤ E+ +5RxEc, g ¤º g,c }= +^th 7c, %c §='±+ = g 0+y¨ ¢ K '+ Íd´+ £ = en¤B g h» {¤Kc F ¥R *c RkE+ Ky E cD +4)+I

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Lc¤R *yF Í> ¢ K cF L-3c B g=c ²+ c 1Ê. ± ¥hE+ Dc |µ+ = M ckF ¢H 7¢hµ+ gKx hR E+ %¢ 7 R +) R jc FR ±' + y G ° Lg¤R *yF rd }. c Bc |hD+I c 7c¤C Ê2 F E Q } , g¥, ¤¨Hbª 7 9gx 8'·+ lÁ U¤+' kE} I I *g ¹+ £I k lÁ Q +¨J'+ £= puhH+ ¢ É :¨H+ © = O+3g l=+ k=¨¢lI U

g ` 7'±+ = %c { R E+ jc,c0)+ ¢ . '+ à cH¢ d K '+ ÎEI(¢ {µ+ F ^KyK ¥hE+ -5¢ }E+ gKy E+ ¤=6 7Í 7 R i {¤E cKc § E+ § , r¤q }E+ R f+¢²+ ¢By K ± %±(¢H R ±' R 0+I6'+ jc,c0)+ F gRC3I Lc=¢ . ÉD' R + 6Icª £ = h R F } . gF¢ µ+ ¡xH ·) + g0cq, i D +4)cB L+yR 7 c h |Cc F enK +xE c E+ Ê h 7ÊE R E ¥hE+ *c ³+ ¢G y .I :y , ¢ . '+ ¤ = gR¤ 7c¤ {E+ I'+ gRFc E+ I'+ gq¤q }E+ *c ³+ g d; R gE¢ {, c h |Cc F 7c R E+ £ :yK fnH ­ , kG5g I ¡b= ih 7 g lG+ i H+ £I ¤gG gª N}E' + } 8 ¶ ­ª1+}I %g¢, L} » Q ªª . ¶ U qbulU H mF¨H+ ª x.L ªG}lU H+ ng=¨ ¿ Ô, -Ó 9 ng Fg¢I ª ¢. Ð2 £I £ H 6g¢»+ ª2+bI £I ¢NS gI 5+b ® OgªU h 7 O+}/'g. n}U/'g. bF } 7'·+ §|K £I OÐG U¤'+ }¥< kh*g> -} 7'+ U G £= ¨u H+ © = k *g H+

fnH

#k05UbH+ §|¥H O+Ó 2 H+ Ël N R¼ U« 7g 7'+ Q +(¨ 7 w}; Uµ gNg hH+ I ng0g1 ªª . %+}0)+ b¢= k;} H+L Ô 8g H+L Ô ª¢ H+ £*g, U U U H+L -bªKU H+ i.+LU}H+ £= ÏG'+ qUbuUlH+ ¤35'+ ng Fg¢»+ %g¢/'+ gNg ­ H+ mJgG 6bN)·+ i l »+ k=g¢»+ J :}I £= £/UbulN ¤'+ hF g»+ © = ¾¨l . «lH+ Lbr, ulU Hg, gNg h H wg H+ Ð2 £ E g¥H ¨ ¹+ ­ , © = 5¨o H+ £ ÉL O g ­N'+ k U ¥I M}2'·+ U £I ª UlH+ ¶ U¬b¸+ Ó Ul H O+3+b l 7+ ÏG'+ }I'·+ kNg¥J ¶ £uh 9'+ OÐN¨; OglFL U£¥u¢IL U£¥Hg ='+ i l »+ k=g¢»+ J :}I 5g lJ+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

ÃckF) q ¶)

Annex 2: Indicators for Effective Water and Sanitation plus Hygiene Education

#c¶) £/ gFc C g¥*y, j)y 6£& G gCc F)J gGc F) gq ~F)J

e.c F ° cHyR F g¤R `¤dE+ gqR }E+I ¡c¤µ+ jcF^2 ° -'+yµ+ 5I3 zKz . PROWWESS 7I+y, £=^. g=¢ ¹ j5¢;R ¡c¤µ+ K5c |F 0'+ F j+y 8(R ¢FI LcB+^H'+ 5¢K¢¤G ° -^qhR µ+ ½'±+ E ÎEI'R + ÔEbK ¡c¤µ+ Iy |F :I -5Iy §, iEcC ^CI +L ^R¤0 +L Í/'c. -y 7'±+ gRq 9 £ = E4 yR/¢( K ¥D g ¤ GI gd 7c F Ng Ky , %cµ+ 7cR E+ ^th {K '+ ¥ d K e 7c FI ¥qR 9 c h 7+ gF+^h 7±+ yR h {F N |, ¡c¤µ+ zD+yF +^th 7+ F +¢ R hK ¥D £ , 7c R E+ { 7(R ¢K '+ ¥ d K ¡xH £ = c R.±+ ¥ d K g¤q }E+ R g¤,yhR E+I §¤1+yµ+I ¡c¤µ+ R §h. ¥hE+ K5c |µ+ F n+} 8(U ¨»+ ¤¤ . ¯R c RG±' -'+yµ+ 0'+ F g ` 7'±+ F ^K^ E+ iE^R =P ^CI c hdC+yF R / Iy |µ+ gK+^, ° g=c ²+ F c ¤¤ .I +^H'±+ uE)+ ¢ .I 5c }E+ c ;' ±c, ¥ h .I %cµ+ ª ¥hE+ ¥H R «u H+L i 7g¢»+ g l 7·+ n+} 8(U ¨I R ^RDc' . gR¤,cnK)±+ 3I3yR E+ 3^= 3+3zK '+ ¥ d K +yK cF £ = %N ¥ 8 R D cD +4)cB EÊ2I Iy |µ+ gK+^, ^ = ^th {P. ¢ :¢µ+ ·)+ Ng }, i R ®I x¤ hR E+I 7c¤ E g ,cC j+y 8(R ¢µ+ R +' F # ¢,c }E+ / R ¬ à H R # Iy |µ+ Ê2 ^K+zhF N |, ¢,c }E+ y 7' ±+ chd. H R #c ,y 8 £hR 1 5^ }µ+ F ¡c¤µ+ -3¢0 £ = g BcÐ+ R h. H L±I'R + ¡c¤µ+ F FR c' . #¥R ¤.I5 N |, c µ+ gBc G £ = c ³+ R hK H # ¤D 3^R 1 h F N |, 5¢ Ec, ÅE+ I'+ 5c,&±+ Í . R hK H # ¤D 3^R 1 h F N |, 5¢ Ec, %cµ+ g¤=I'+ Í . R hK H #gDÅE+ I'+ y`dE+ ° cHy > R hK cF^ = %cµ+ g¤=I'+ ¤ . R hK H # GI 0 Ê2 %cµ+ gBc G £ = g BcÐ+ R h. H z µ+ ud F ° gBc R E+ :I 753'+ R / #ud µ+ ° ¡c¤µ+ m¢ h. ' R + à H # ¤ G N |, c 1I c ¤ ªI uE)+ f+¢D'±+ {> R hK H # K^¤E+ { E ud µ+ fyC %cFI 3cF5 I'+ ¢,c 9 F H

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

#¢ R E+ dC K^¤E+ {> R hK H #ud µ+ p5c2 jcG+¢¤³+ £ = %c ,)±+ R hK H 5c }E+ c ;' ±+ F z µ+ ° gBc R E+ :I 753'+ R / R # c ;'±+ :yà cF^ = m¢ µ+ %cµ+ ¥ > R hK H R # :y E+ +x E -^R F Lc1ÊF'+ I'+ {²+ e¤;y. -3c=)± Lc,+y 8 ^R . '+ R Ê' E à H # c ;'±+ 6+y, gE+6)+ R h. H #L+^R¤0 c ;'±+ R PK H #6+ÅE+ gE+6)+ ^ , c K^K R ±' + { . H g¤R }t |E+ gBc R E+ :I 753'+ R / R #%c { R Ec, g 9c2 c {h>+ DcF' + F H R #-y 7'±+ {h . ¥D %cµ+ ¥ K H #fy²+I ^ ²+ jc,c hEcD c {h>±c, g R hµ+ :+yF'±+ gd {G R . H #ÉD'+ NgBc , Iy |K RG+) 7c R E+ ¢ K H -5¢ µ+ §¤1+yµ+ gEc1 753' + R / R # 6c µ+ F gdKyCI g¤BcD §¤1+yF F H # jcFyR º I^, h¤R n 7 £ = §¤1+yµ+ 7c R E+ h {K H #r*+IyR E+ F g¤Ec2I g ¤ G ¥H H # :c1yµ+ c h 7+ ^ , K^¤E+ { E N c G F H kI+bl 7·+ n+} 8(U ¨I #gKy E+ ° Î*¢ D { G'+ F Î /+I Î Fc= F H Ng ² F H #gFc E+ gq }E+I %c E R #c Ec ='+ Izn K KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ F c ¨ g n E+ R |h. H #g nR E+ ° C'±+ £ = -^1+I N-+' yF+ F H #jc=c h0±+ ° R *+5&+ = %c §='±+ %c {R E+ yRd . H #%c {R E+ ¤B ¨ g=c ²+ %c §='+ F jc=c h0+ jy0 H #jcDyR ¬ = jc=c h0±+ § , jy 7'+ H

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

#¦ynK c¨ N = £ = g=c ²+ ° -'+yµ+ H #jc;c | R E+ ° -'+yµ+ 5c |. H #5c }E+ c ;' ±+ J^E c 7)±+ gEc1 g²c F ¤ h {. c RG)+ -'+yµ+ ¢ . H R bNbulU Hg, 'g 7)+ kUIg= Ok d 7'+ w} . · # yH)+ m l>+L m;¨ . ©lIL £N'+ wgh H+ +|K R R U U #%« 8 G kEg J © = k Egu H k15ghH+ m E +4gI U R #Tm E +4gI #-Ó2'·+ -} H g¥ 7)ÐH ¢,+ :} . ©lI U U

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

lFckF) q ¶)

Annex 3:

e¥ 5)£´)

Computers

f¢ 7c³+ Ky; = ¡6c¾)+ Ã cF B L+^¤R 0 LÊ = R . ¥D Nf¢ 7c1 ·)+ -^¤R ²+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R µ+ pch¬ ± g¤R Ec B ÉD'+ N |, jcCI'±+ e >'+ °I E+I gC5¢Ec, znO KP '+ Ã N |, f¢ 7c³+ ^¤ KI Lc,¢ 7c1 ® i D +4)+ K¢ R E+ J^µ+ £ = +L ÍkD LchCI yRB¢.I §B'+ LÊ = zn . ^C E r :+I :y=I g ¤C3 jc,c {1I g ¤C3 Í,c .I h F lK^qh, z ¤R h. *c/I :¢E 9c2 R j¨ 7g¹+ ¡+bxl 7+ ¶ gKÓ> £I ÏG'+ bª l . «lH+ H+ £N3gªI

jcG6+¢µcD ¤ thR E+

c µ+ -5+3)cD ¤ RhE+

g¤R By }µ+ jc,c {³+ -5+3)cD jc,c {³+ %+y0)+

K¢ RhE+ ° j+^K+zµcD :y E+

iGÇG)±+ Å= lqdE+I 9+¢hR E+ L+5¢d 9 D LchCI yF'±+ eR hK ^C L+5¢B g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R F :I F {qK E f¢ 7c³cB R jcGc¤dE+ F Ík E+ g²c F F R h. '+ dC c R .I c ¤E)+ pch¬ ¥hE+ oF+ÅE+ {¤ 7'chE -y,ckFI ¡yRB¢. c¼R ÉD'+ f¢ 7c³+ £ = L±cF h 7 %^dE+ ° c R B N |, f¢ 7c³+ ± -3¢²+ Fc : iG'+ ^ }¬ i O =56 c D g¤R dHRxE+ -^=c E+ yRDx.I kªU I¨ ¹+ Ó> ng U ¢ H kªU H+ b*+¨ H+ ­ , ªH)+ n+%g H+ §|K iJg0 ½)+

-3c=)+ ¤B Nf¢ 7c1 +^th 7+ ^ = 5¢ hK g,ch E+ ° ,¢ 7' + R +' ÉD 9ct 8' + Åh K k,gl H+ ¶ -5¨ lI n+5g¥I U R M yB+I 5+^ F G Ã -z¤0I rd }. £hR 1 g K¢; -y B g²c F Ã c D g¤ :yFI gq :+I rd }. £hR 1 g ²+ g,chD ^¤ § hR E+ } R E+ 8 ¤ . Ã c D ÉD'+ Lcd 7c F c Gc F ¢ K l¤1 gE¢ {, y2&+ ·)+ N c F F jc E+ F 5c B'±+ § , ·)+ ¡cdhG±+ fx² ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = g §Ky= %+3¢ 7 g¤R d F y1'c, N c R F ·)+ ÂIÇ E±+ ^KÅE+ Å= m^R qh. '+ Ã mJÍJ)·g, g U.·+L ÈLÍ H·+ bNËH+ . Jy2'+ j Njc 8c G :y F ° 3yR E+I x2'±+ É K '+ Ã c D { G ³+ ° '+ £Rh1 ¤ h {. , ± c |E+ ° %cDy |E+ F R R i 75'+ +4)+ gnR 1 gKR +' ® E RG+' ¥H g¤d {E+ g¤1c R E+ R E Â R R IÇ E±+ ^KÅE+ ¥R ; L+^¤R 0I LÊK¢; L+yKy . 7y. ¤Ec . 'c 8 F iGÇG)±+ R t, }RhF Í> ¢ . c ¤, ÂIÇ E±+ ^Ky, idhDI j'+yC +4)+ y2R c' hF NiCI ° L+yKy .

+L ^R 0 g K¢; yK5c . 7y. i D +4)+ ±)+ C'+ ¢ . '+ .c E+ -5¢.cB *cC3 §, R D iGÇG)±+ £ = ^K^0 7IÍB Ê;)+ R hK ng 7LÓ H+ £I kNg ¹+ U¡gK ° 5c R EcD y |h K c § , R E 7+I N |, y |h K '+ I3 c³+ ° j¢Ã c F R ³+ {³

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

R dK g¤ {hR E+ 3yR Ï +L y2R ¢( F ¦R ^ E¢H H+yF ¡'c |G'+ ¦xE+ cB¢ ¤G5¢D cG&+ 7IÍB kF ¤ | E+ -zÕ Õ0'+ ÕF ÎKʵ+ m¢ÕR Õ . '+ ^ÕÕ Õ , ÕÕ Õ E NgÕ =yÕÕ {, -Í ´+ jcÕÕ 7IÍ ÕÕE+ ¡xÕÕH ÕÕ= LcÕ Õ *+3 ÊÕÕ=)±+ ¥H cHyRDx. ¥ d K ¥hE+ c R EcB c H F y.¢¤dF¢ E+ R Õ D ¦'+ 7IÍ ÕÕEcÕÕ, hÕÕ,cÕÕ 9)± ÕÕ Õ hº 5^ÕÕ }F ¢ÕÕH  R IÇ ÕÕE±+ ^ÕÕKyÕÕ, à ÕÕ F R Õ ÕD

Î,yR µ+ *cC^ 9'+ { G ^KÅEc, , ± ÂIÇ E±+ ^KÅEc, g Byµ+ *c 7yR E+ ° L-3c= -3¢0¢F jc 7IÍ E+ ¢ . g ByF Í> g¤R GIÇ E+ gEc 75 ¦R '+ -%+yC c h1+ F cF'c, Â R IÇ E±+ ^Ky, R D ¤ ¬ Ã cH+¢hº F L+^RDc' hF Oi D +4)+ ±)+ g ByF gEc 75 gRK'+ rh . ± E F&+ ¢ K 3c K N |, } , R

*c 7yR E+ gFc C +yB)+I c³+ ° g¤R GIÇ E±+ gEc 7yR E+ ¢º §B'±+ F ^RD'chF Í> i D +4)+ 7yµc, c }R.±+I '+ ¤ B 5+y h 7c, 'c | . -^K^²+ jc 7IÍ E+ iGcD cRµ jc 7IÍ E+ gqBc µ Lc¹cGy, ^th 7+ C¢F F ¹cGÅE g¤R GcÏ+ jckK^qhR E+ ¤ ¬ F R h. '+ enK RG+' >5 Lc *+3 5x³+ £2R ¢h. Lc ,c. jc 7IÍ E+ r {µ Lc¹cGy, ® i iGÇG)±+ g d 8 £ = www.Mcafee.com O D +4)+ kF LcKR y 8 -yR F ·+¢1 ¡yK¢ . £ = -^¤R ²+ g 7c¤ {E+ } . c H F ¥ Dcµ R -Í ´+I -^K^²+ jc 7IÍ E+ 9¢ }t, ÂIÇ E±+ ^KÅE+ Å= ¡cR h. yN Kx¬ ¦R '+ ^R }. ± , N ¢/¢F N5^ }F Ky; = ¦ynK c¼R R ¬ E4 = Lc :¢= g`;c2 NjcF¢ F ¥ K c d >'cB (www.kumite.com/myths/home.htm) Computer Virus Myths C¢F kF à g FcD yK5c .I LcdhD R §h. ¥hE+ -^¤ µ+ 3+¢µ+I C+¢µ+ F ^K^ E+ c B iGÇG)±+ c h 7+ ¤ h {. i O D +4)+ D E C¢µ+ £ = jc 7IÍB 3c }. '+ r0R yµ+ Í> F 73c {E+ q µ+ ° cG35+¢F gq*± y G' + c d;I c ¤ ¬ R c¼R Ík , ¢;'+ LchCI E4 £ = . RG+' ^nhB ¥R B N |, Lc h¼ iGÇG)±+ g d 8 rR }. ¢ K '+ ¤B L+5x1 RkE+ g Hc, .cH -5¢.cB }h 7I E i O R 2 R h. ¥D %c dE+ g {1I g R F Ng Ky , jcF¢ µ+ 1 à jcR µ+ ³ c G ° c D k U ¢»+ ngI¨ »+ £ = >Í 7 ,¢ 7c1 ° jcF¢ µ+ 1 R +' c D gE¢ 7I Ng=y {, c ¤E)+ pch¬ ¥hE+ jcR µ+ £ = ¢ }³+ F NiCI ¦R +' ° I+^²+I g¤R Gc¤dE+ ¢ 7yR E+I } R E+ lK^¬ à cH6cnK)+I B c ¤E)+ pch¬ ¥hE+ jcF¢ µ+ 5c¤h2+ yRDx. E D'c, R µ+ g,chD -3c=)+ ·)+ g0c1 cÀI3 gRKy 7 gRKy {E+I g 9c2 g kUN} H+L kª 9¨ º+ ¡gK R 9c´+ jcF¢ µ+ dh B R I(¢ {µ+ }t |E+ F e ;' + +xE Lg 9c2 Î R<¢µ+ = jcF¢ µ+ £ d. '+ ¥ d K ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = R R F R D F e K N c , ,¢ 7c1 3IzK ' R + ¥R hR E+ R<¢µ+ I'+ g¤R ,¢ 7c³+ jcF^´c, ^KIz. =

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

^ , £ = |¤ . ¥hE+ H^1'+ g R = e E LÊkF , g 9c´+ R yR {E+ g , %±3)±+ 6c 0 ^th {K ¢ 9¢E+ à ± -c h µ+ jcF¢ µ+ R +' §K '+ +xH 'c 8 F ^1'+ By K '+ à ± D B ExE ÎE¢Ñ+ dC F ±) + c ¤E)+ R c = gR¤;c¤h1+ Nu {G %c ,)+ Ê2 F gR¤ 7c 7'±+ jcF¢ µ+ £ = Bc1 kUª;gªl1·+ kJgI'·+ ¡gK cF'c, ¢ hE z µ+ ·)+ c G I'+ +Í R E+ F F&+ N c F ° g¤R ;c¤h1+ 9+yC'c, c h1±+ ¥ d K

Îh 7 R D cH3^R nB e;yR E+ 5R c³+ { R E+ ° c R¤ 7 ± FzR E+ 5IyF F 9+yC'±+ c1 5¢H^h. c ¤ ¬ ¥D jcR µ+ /'+ = g¤Gc/ gN t { , h1)+ + gBc :)±c, ^C %c {F R D yR K '+ g¤R ,¢ 7c³+ *c/¢E+ = I(¢ {µ+ }t |E+ £ = E4 ·) R c ¤ = = ¥hE+ *c/¢E+ R D = } F N 9yC £ = gt { , hq¤B g ¤R E+ M Ky1 E^ K

%c {F R D { G 9y E+ £ = -^K^²+ g¤R ;c¤h1±+ jc µ+ ¤n {. -3c=)+ à ¢¤E+ E4 c ¤ = ¦¢hqK ¥hE+ jc µ+ ¥H cF y . ¥D 9y E+ ¢B } µ+ £ = +L ^¤ F LcG+¢ = ehD'+ 5¢k E+ F R h. ¥D Lc §K'+ g=¢d F Ngt {G Å= f¢ 7c³+ £ = µ+ 7+ y K '+ ^¤ µ+ F j+ͤ . ·)+ g0c³+ i=3 cF +4)+ g=y {, ¤ = g¥, © 9¨»+ sI+ËH+

¡= Og ¨ 7 OÎNb, ¡IU ¦( . k¨Jg½L k1¦l I kNU 5b I ng¨U ½}, § = Î U;ÎH g= H+ |K 5}U 1S k 1ÎI www.openoffice.org } J'+ mE¦ 7L} NgI § = 3g l=µ+ -Í2'±+ h d;I jc d; -^R = ° yRB¢hF ¢ B L+^R 0 +L ^¤R 0 Lc :y= {¤BI'+ iB¢ 7Iy KcF oFcGy, ^R K ÉD'+ r05'±+ £ = ¢ h 7 c= gÃ^ E+ gt {R E+ R E g h» Njct {G g {. £ = ¦¢h¬ (Office Premium iB¢ 7Iy Kcµ ¥04¢ R E+ :y E+ e ;'+ -yRB¢hF ^ . ¶ c RG+' j O ^0I +4)+ g . C'+ ^¤D'chR Ec,I .cdR hµ g¤BcD F

c= {¤BI'+ Microsoft)

Word 35II g¤R 7c 7'+ oF+y, g ,5'+ R §h. ¥hE+ g¤04¢ R E+ ht { , c E {¤BI'+ iB¢ 7Iy KcF oFcGy, z¤R hK Excel + i K¢,5Ic, {D) + Í> h R µ oF+ÅE+ ¡xH ¤ . '+ Ã ¦xE+ c B ¢ .I& Outlook Powerpoint #g¤R F¢ ³+ Word yK5c . ^R K '+ Ã c 9¢ } , jc µ+ ¤E'chE oFcGÅE+ +xH ^th {K 7+ , ¥1¢K cF BI 35LL 3+^=)+ Lc §K'+ Ã g K^µ+ ° g d F §B'+ -3¢0 g,ck¨ e 7c F N |, c h d; +4)+ I^dhB L+^R 0 gdR.yF -Í }E+ R gR¤F¢ ³+ Í> g R E Ã jcGc´+I 7'±+ F , 9c2 R RÂc¤, I^0 75I I+^²+ ¡^1I oFcGÅE+ +xH g 7+¢, gKR 3c E+ g¤R ,¢ 7c³+ c Ec ='+ F r05'±+ £ = xR . '+ gKR ^¤ hR E+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Excel g¤R ,c {³+ *c<¢E+ +¢G'+ R D §K RG'+ c¨ g¤R ,c {1 N +^H'± Lc 7c 7'+ ^th {KP I+^0 oFcGy, ¢H G) + R h. N +^H'±I jcG6+¢µc, gR¤Ec³+ jc R E+ gG5c FI jcG6+¢µ+ :¢E 6ch¼ ¢ B c H F L+^R 0 -^R µ+ g¤R Gc¤, ¢ 75 3+^=)+ Ã c D jc¤R :cKyR Ec, R hK cF R DI g¤R q,yE+ jc,c {1 %+y0)±I IzÑ+ q, jc,c {³+ F -^R¤0 gRKy },

I^0 £ = c h,yª Ê2 F -^K^²+ e¤Ec 7'±+ R h. '+ Ã ,¢ 7c1 £ = oFcGÅE+ +xH ^th {. i O D +4)+ Ky RhE+ +xH ¤d . fyR 0 eR¤h E+ +x , Byµ+ ¢ GcF gd 7cÐ+ c G “budget.xls”

gG6+¢µ+ +¢ , {D)+ F rhB)+

¢ . '+ ¥ d K iC¢E+ +xH ¢ q, £ ='±+ ° 7+ £ = y R E+ Ê2 F 3¢ E+ Ç2)+ c .Ç2+ RG+' ¥ K cR¼ g R¤ F gFÊ , c ¤E)+ Í 8'+ ^C 3¢ E+ ° jcGc´+ R D jcGc¤dE+ ^K^0 5cB 3¢ = y K '+ ¥ d K ^¤F+¢ E+ Ç2+I (insert) p+53)+ g *cC ·)+ ^= p ¸chR E+ 3¢ E+ ·)+ Lc¤R *c . h . c H -3¢0¢F iGcD ¥hE+ -c h F ^ . ¶ 3¢ E+ ° Jy2'±+ jcGc´+ R +' 1± c ¤ = y R E+ Ê2 F gGc2 Ç2)+ (Return) £ = jy G Î1I gGc2 ° &±+ 3¢0¢F hdhD cF -3¢ E+ 5R 6 y G'+I F ehD'+ gGc2 ·)+ ¤ 7 -3¢ E+ 5R 6 ^ E ·)+ c hG±+ +L 3^R ¹ -3¢ E+ 5R 6 y G'+I gR¤Ec 0)±+ g E+ d;)+ gGc´+ ° i {1'+ jcF¢ µ+ F ^K^0 3N ¢ E LcG+¢ = i O :I gGc´+ ¡xH ° jcGc¤dE+ ÍB¢hE g ¤ 9 ^th { 7 gGc´+ ·)+ h hE L+3^R ¹ -3¢ E+ 5R 6 y G'+ ÎKy2'+ ÎhGc2 F jcGc¤dE+ fc {³ Lc d; ®I gE3c µ+ -5c 8)+ ^ , p gGc´+ ° Lc¤R *c . } R E+ y ¤ 7 p gGc´+ ° y G'+ R / ! d;)+ LcDyR qhF L+5c;)+ &±+ p gGc2 p gGc´+ ®I p p! &±+ g ¤ }E+ rd }h 7 p gGc´+ ° y G' + R / d;)+ R LcDyR qhF L+5c;)+ L+ 3^R ¹ i¤ hG+ gGc´+ cH^1I -3¢ E+ = Lc :¢= -yR µ+ ¡xH (Enter) c23)±+ 5R 6 y G'+ N |, jcGc¤dE+ y hE gGc´+ ¤ }. y¤R G '+ c ¤ = E Lc §K'+ jcGc¤dE+ c ¤B y . '+ ¥ d KI gd { D r¤q 9 ¤ }. £ R {. -xBcG y h 7 jcGc´+ Ç2+I (Format) ¤ }hR E+ g *cC ·)+ 0R ¢. jcGc´+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

y h 7 jc ¤ }hR E+ gq*± F gd { R E+ R / cC5'±+ Ç2)+ £ ='±+ ° fchE+ 5R 6 F (Tab) +yK cF £ = %¥ 8 R D +4)+ B+¢F y G'+ R / CyR E+ £ = c d :'+ gKR y | E+ DcF'ÊE gGc2 E+ Cc; £ = c G)±+ ¢ ¹ F Rkà oF+ÅE+ yK^F R +' &±+ Jy. '+ ¤ B oFcGÅE+ yK^F £ = E+ %cd='+ c =c : +4)+ CyR E+ +xH y¤R hK ¤D ËO E ¸ R I^R E+ ¸I^R E+ E+ Cc; gG6+¢F F c23)+ :)+ R / ehD'+ '+ gGc´+ ° y G'+ #r¤q 9 oFcGÅE+ yK^F &±+ c ¤ = y ¤ {K g¤R |Fc E+ jcF+^th 7±+ j+4 oF+ÅE+ F Powerpoint g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> h R F = 9c´+ ÇÐ+ :y= ^R . '+ à oFcGÅE+ +xH g 7+¢, m¢N¨,5Lg, R ¤E)+ i 9¢. cF £ =' + F ¥R 7ÊE+ c 75)±+ Å= 5+^0 £ = gG¢ µ+ 5¢ 9 :y .I ¹cGy, I' + R R 6c ²+ y 7 R +' I c R¤ 7 ± r05'±+ £ = ¤E)+ gd {R Ec, x¤ Rh E LÊ,cC {¤E +xH R E gRKy } E+ -c¤³+ (beamer) 5±I3 ±&+ g/Ê/ ·+¢1 R K oFcGÅE+ +xH :y E ^th {K ¦xE+

jcq 9 d; Ê2 F L+^R 0 g *± Ng Ky , F^R . '+ ¤B c= Iy |F K^E cD +4)+ à I'+ ųc, g :+¢hF g ,c; gE&+ I'+ 5zKÊEc, . g ,c; gE&+ £ = i K¢,5IcdE+ F g ¤ 0 :y E+ +5I'+ c h 7+ £Rh 1 Outlook RG+' eH ¡^ª ±I = lqd. ,¢ 7c1 ° 3¢0¢F F eq 7 £ = ^=c {K lq, oFcGy, ¨ .L& + g D d . '+ ¥ K µ+ 7+ yRDxh. ± R E fc¤RkE+ 9 ° %c { R E+ Ic . = F eq 7 3R ¢. '+ ExE à fc¤kE+ }, R h. ¥hE+ jc µ+ gBcD 6c 0 3^R q¤ 7I lqdE+ gGc2 ° fc¤RkE+ 9 cF N ¢K ° ^¤ K

-}*+Ub H 35¨ G k ,g U H+ n·&·+

%ÊFzD C'±+ £ = c § , ° I'+ c ¤B yR . ^C .y*+3 ° y 9'±+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R µ+ F ^K^ E+ yB+¢h. ^C I'+ c ¤E)+ ¢0chqK ¥hE+ 3+¢µ+ g=cd; :y . '+ Ã -^=c {µ+ ·)+ pch¬ iqd 9'+ 35+¢F fcq 9'+I K^¤h= 5¢E+ g . Ä^ . ¢ 2 F L c *+3 R ¬ *ÊF6 £ = ¡x D NjcF^2 :y= j5yR C +4)+ ng 7LÓ H+ £I kNg ¹+ ¡gK R jc 7IÍ E+ F 9+yC'+ 7IÍ E rBc µ+ ¹cGy, L±I'R + rhB)+ c³+ ° ¡+¢hº rh . ± ,¢ 7c1 ° 9y E+ §. Î1 -^K^²+ jc 7IÍ E+ R +' I LcFc® y ´+ +xH = ^M ¤ , RG+' yR . ± ^K^²+ 9y E+ r {F F e ;+I gE¢ {E+ ¡x , 1chª E R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

Annex 4: More on Budgets- The Practicalities

*)yF) q ¶)

g¥ F) ¦/)£ F) jcH4)£¶) ; ^L{¶)

iªU l H+ +|¥, E}»+L kJ6+¨»g, L} »+ G)+ Lb0 h;)+ ­E'+ Q , -} H+ §|K © = Ð;ÐH ng,g ¹+ kª¢, £= k 1ÐI

à LÊkF ¤Ec hR E+ ¤ }. g Ky; ¥H jc,c {³+ g¤ , I -3^R º jc,c {1 g¤ , +^th 7c, gG6+¢µ+ :¢. ¤Ec . g¤ , F c hG±+ L-3c= e }K uE)+ y {E+ ¤Ec .I Î ¤R EI3I ΤR º Î R<¢F AD ¤Ec hR E+ ¤ }. R Iy |µc, E+ '+^dK )+ cF Jy2'+ ·)+ 3c h=+ ¥ d K E4 }1 +4)cB jc,c {³+ g¤ dE cH5c¤h2+ 3^R ¬ '+ c ,c {³ . ¥hE+ g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R E à LÊK¢® £ h. i O D +4)cB Lc §K'+ c ¤, ¤B¢hR E+ ¥ d K gF5c 9 Njc,c {1 £ , ΤR 05c´+ ÎqGcµ+ § dE E g¤ dE+ ¡xH cF ° -ÍdD gL R |F ¤ = yRB¢. ¸cRhEc,I à cF y 7'c, c h1±+ +xH ° y R E+ ¤ = ¥ d K =Iy |µ LcR¤05c2 }B y G'+ gd 7c µ+ jc,c {³+ g¤ , %c |G)+ Å= ^ , kJ6+¨I :¨H k,5g I *~Mf/4fJ 64*aH |M¦ - K| H fnH © g M ©kG* j¨GfTkG* m*~T¨¹f+ Tk k-K ,aT¨/ jI5*¦¹*

jI5*¦¹*

¢*¦ + F(* Ka/ NµK&T * g:(* f£+ aT¨ k- ¢&* «lH+ -Í H+L 7·+ H4 ¶ g® L} »+ ¨1 kªU 7g 7'·+ ngI¨ »+ kJ6+¨»+ ª 9g . £ U ­l. 3¨ =L k . 3¨ = U G ¶ k H ku :+¨H+ kª UlH+L k l »+ k H+L L} »+ g¥ª U N w¨ :¨, ng,g ¹+ n+} ª 8 3bU uS. pª1 -} ª 8 g¥ ª . irN ¤gG «lH+ ªHg UlH+ £I ¨J U G 9L ª0L Q , U lN pª1 9L 3¨ = U<¨I ª x. U lN Ô U<¨ H kh ¢U Hg, OÐoI -3U gI U H kh ¢U Hg, - ªU  «KL g l »+ 5bF Ô lÁ Ô U 2 © = F5 75+b»+ ½)+ ¨ 9¨H+ U<¨I L F5 75+b»+ ½)+ ¨ 9¨H+ ª 9g lU H+ £I 5goG)·+ Og ­N'+ -bªU ¸+ ÔJ+¨ H+ £I kIbº+ §|¥H b1+L U 2 ª x. £= Og :¨= 5bÛF kÛ ÛªÛF3 ngÛ Û 9+¨»gÛE kÛ Û Û Û . ÛÛ 9L kÛÛªÛ Û ªÛ G £ÛÛI QbÛ UG'gÛ lÛ I Ó> m¢ÛÛG +4)+ gÛÛ¥Û ¢Û I ÛÛªÛ Û xÛ UlÛ H+ :¨ÛÛ= kFg U H+ £I Og1¨ :L ÏG'+ il H %g,}¥G -5gh= OÐoI g l »+ n+} ª 8 ª x. © = bUG(¨N ¤'+ +|K ¤'g 8 £I M}2'+ ¨ 2 kJ6+¨»+ £I F U G 7'+ ¶ «G ng,g ¹+ n+} ª 8 ª 7¨lH Q +3 £I gI ¦UJ'+ «¢ N gU k*5g U H+ ngFg J)·+ 0'+ £I ng,g u H kHgÀ · qbul 7 g¥UJ'+ ¶ U 8 ·L qb² gIb¢= k UF¨l»+ Ó> 5¨I'·+ g . H ng EUbH+ bNb . kUª ªG I i 7g¢llH n+b1¨H+ 3¨ = ¶ k,¨l »+ n+b1¨H+ nÓl2+ Lg² ·'+ ª = « h¢N k l×+ 3+¨ H k lÁ Qn+b1L }E+¨. «¢ N ¤'+ +|K ¤'g 8 £I -3gI gh.5·+ ½)+ ·)+ +|K ¬U3(¨N £ E g¥ G'g, kJ6+¨ H kUN}¥ H+ U k UlHgG n+b1L Ó ­² 3+¨»+ ­ , 9¨ x,

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

OÐoI khUG}»+ n+b1¨H+ © = b l l 7 g¥UJ+' «¢ N g U ngIbº+L mF¨H+ 7gª I kJ6+¨»+ £ U ­l. N 5g l I g¥ l N «lH+ ­E'·+ -b1¨H+ §|K ¤¨ l 7 go»+ ªh 7 © = ¡¨N x 8 ¡gNU '+ -} H Q L} I © = kUªHg 0)·+ k H+

° fc {³+ +xH ¦yª '+ gKc E R µ+ FI g¤R E+ fy : -^1¢E+ g , g¤R Ec 0)±+ g E+ 3¢ = 'Ê® '+ enK c K^ . I'+ gG6+¢µc, g RkE+ L+^R 0 e }E+ B cC5' ±+ 0 hK ¶ +4)+ c R D ¢ ´+ R g¤R Ec 0)+ Ng D F c F -^1¢E+ g D i 7)±+ F 7c¤D'+ g { 2 c h 7+ jy <'+ gG6+¢µ+ R '+ :ÇB)+ LÊkF g ¤ , 7c¤D'+ %+y 8 R¯ )+ I'+ y {, ¤h,+ ^C {¤D R D R '+ ¥ K +xH cD )+ ¢ E+ ¤qh {µ+ F d. gEc 0) ±+ g E+ ¢ . '+ ¥ d K -y¤R hµ+ Iy R E gG6+¢µ+ K^ . ¤qh {µ+ F +xE c F R E $ 5 x 20= $100 ng 1ÐI

jc 1ʵ+ 3¢ = ° g¤R E+ cFR +) I g E+ Å= cFR +) cC5'±+ ·)+ 9¢hR E+ g¤R ¤D ¢1 g 1ÊF gKR +' KI^. ¥ d K 5c¤h2+ ed 7 gBy F ¤qh {K GI3 B Lc *+3 ¤ §. enK E jcG6+¢µ+ ° p5^F Í> 3¢ E+ +xH ¢ K cF L-3c= +4)+ LÊkF dGc0 ·)+ g,¢h F g 1ÊF R 2 R E ¢ K '+ ¥ d K d §Ec, gG6+¢µ+ ° g ¤R dµ+ -^1¢E+ g D I'+ g¤R E+ R Ri 7 I'+ ,5'+ ± NjÊ15 { 2 %+y0)+ ed 7 g 1ʵ+ sy |. '+ ¥ d ¤B gRK¢0 NjÊ15 { ´ gG6+¢µ+ 3+^=)+ R¯ c h 7+ ^R qK '+ +xH 'c 8 F gG+6¢µ+ K^ . ¤qh {K gG6+¢µ+ :I %c /'+ -xthR µ+ j+5+y E+ F ^¤R 0 R n 7 I^,I g hÐ+ gR¤Ecµ+ -5+3)±+ gR¤=¢GI 5c 9 N |, gG6+¢µ+ ¢ . '+ ¦R 5Iy §E+ F {¤E E jc 1ʵ+ 3¢ = ° c F ¤ t R RhE+ = Lc :¢= g,ch E+ F 5ckD)±+ Lc *+3 ^¤ µ+ F à ± gG6+¢µ+ F Jy2'±+ ^¤F+¢ E+ ° g ¤R dµ+ cC5'±+ sy |E g¤BcD ¢ . '+ ¥ K , g *cH jc 1ʵ+ ¡xH gF¢ µ+ ¡xH gR¤ H'+ £ = gKc E+ ° c¨ ^K^ |RhE+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

gG6+¢µ+ F ·)+ -3¢ E+ + Ng05gK 75+bI }N¨ . L} I kJ6+¨I £I ng l I yK+ÅB cd 8 75cF 5+4&+ gG6+¢µ+ -ÇB ¥DÍF'±+ 5±I^R E+ gG6+¢µ+ g = ng 1ι+ k H+ k¨U H+ k¨U Hg 0)µ+ %g, 9 +~¨05gK %g, 9 +~¨05gK %g, 9 +~¨05gK ¨0 9 +~¨05gK +3 9 +~¨05gK ´ U G Ò *g 7 +~¨05gK ´ U G il H ¢g 75g1 +3 9 +3 9 +~¨05gK ´ kEg J Ig= U<¦I U H k UF¦l¹+ k H+ OgNU }£ 8 g 0)µg, k ,g. -5g¨ 7 U H 3¦F¦H+ } 7 }£ U H+ b , L} H k ,g. -5g¨ 7 U H kJg¨ 9 }£ U H+ b , L} H -5g¨ 7 U H ªU ¦ 7 ÒI'g. Okh.}I § ='µ+ %+5b¹+ I QnÎ1}H g£ I U G OgNU ¦ 7 Òl 1}, -5bU I gN'+ k ¸

k G -b1¦H+

-b1¦H+

9¦H+ -} ¨ H+ U

}£ 8 }£ 8 }£ 8 }£ 8 }£ 8 }£ 8

©U Ô+ H+ Fg; ¨Hg . F5 75+b¹+ »)+ ¦ 9¦H+ U<¦I F5 75+b¹+ »)+ ¦ 9¦H+ U<¦I F5 75+b¹+ »)+ ¦ 9¦H+ U<¦I il ¹+ b=g I ¢¦ *g H+ 7+}·+

j j j j j j j

}£ 8 }£ 8 x 8

¨ UlH+ g = k¨h U H+ ¨Hg lU H+

j j

}£ 8 k,}=

© Ô+ U H+ 3¦F¦H+

t t

}£ 8 k,}=

k,} H+ kJg¨ 9

t

k 7 k,}= ¦N x 8

k,} H+ ÒI'g. ©,LÑJ ´ © Ô+ H+

t t

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

|Gcµ) q ¶)

Annex 5: More on the Practicalities of Accounting

gH4)£¶) G g¥ F) ¦/)£ F) ; ^L{¶)

¦¢hqK e¤R h E+ +xH F Byµ+ gd 7cÐ+ +¢ , {D)+ E+ ÇB3 d;)+ §B'+ N |, { E+ +xH = hR E c H g |Cc µ+ g¤R ,c {³+ jÊn {E+ = -^ ¤R 0 Lg kF'+ Åh . I+^0 £ = +xH E+ ÇB3 R jc,c {³+ pchG)+ ed {, { G yRD4 +4cF £ =I g µ+ cµ+ g¤R D %+5^µ+ y K ¥D Iy |µ+ -5+3)± c .cCc G)+I c E¢2^F } . ¥hE+ jc,c {³+ pchG) + gRKÍ´+ jcR¤ ²+ R , Ç |K E4 :y K ¢Gc E+ R ±' R E+¢F'+ c G)+ g¤R ¤D gBy F ° ¢qGcµ+ e>yK E4 ¢ :y K ÎqGcµ+ R '± cµ+ %c h2+ ^= F qhR E d §Ec, R h. Nfcd 7'± R 6c¾)± 6ÊE+ K¢ hR E+ 3¢0I F %+5^µ+ ^RDc' hK ¥D gG6+¢µc, g¤R Ec³+ jc R E+ gG5c µ ¤ thR E+I gG6+¢µ+ gdC+yµ c D'c, Iy |µ+ jc;c |G nÐIg »+ ªr . Lb¢ H+ ÍE3 U

I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° e 7c F N |, c R D jc }E+ KI^. enK jc }E+ 7c, g h {µ+I g=¢B^µ+ Ecdµ+ ·) + 5c |K R R R B j±c }K)±+ :¢= Jy2'+ gd 7cº jÊn 7 ¦R c' , h¬ ± Oi D +4)cB gd 7cÐ+ ° ÇB3 R H'+ ¢H I^ }E+ ÇB3I R jc,c {³+ F g FcD g=¢ ¹ %c dE gF^th {µ+ g¤R 7c 7'±+ jcF¢ µ+ ¥ 7yK ¢ B I^ 9 ÇB^, h¬ '+ ¦5Iy §E+ R dµ+I Lc 1± y G'+ gEc1)±+ C5I 9¢E+I uK5chR E+ g 9 R E I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° g¤Ec hR E+ jcF¢ µ+ p+53)+ ¥ d K R I^ }E+ ÇB3 +¢ = qK ¦xE+ I^²+ y K g 1ÊF µ+ F ^K^0  R +^¤F N Iy |F ¢1 I^ }E+ ÇB3 R R P N Ecdµ+ p+53)cD g h» y , I^ }E+ y.cB3 ¤ . ¤B I^ }E+ ÇB3 %c |G) + g¤R ¤D = B ^1+I M ckF +xH R +' R R c { G g¤R 7c 7'±+ jcF¢ µ+ Lc *+3 ¦¢h¬ c R E { G I^²+ ° -5IcnhF ^¤F+¢= ° g h {µ+I g=¢B^µ+

¡y §1'+ ^CI 5±I3 E'+ dF ¢H ÂcRkE+ ¢GcD yKc K ÂcRkE+ ¢GcD I^0 ° nR {µ+ I'R ±+ 2^µ+ E4 Â+^¤µ+ eh µ+ y G g 0I F  R +^¤µ+ eh µ+ %c |G)± -^qhR µ+ g µ+ ° {¤*yR E+ eh µ+ F eh µ+ yK^F c H F 5±I3 E'+ R §K fc {³+ rd 9'+ R / eh µ+ fc {1 ° Lc ,c 7 L+3¢0¢F cµ+ K B ¢2^µ+ ¢H g h {µ+ Ecdµ+ {C ° Jy {¤E+ g¤1c R E+ £ = E4 KI^. R hK dK y | E g h {µ+ Ecdµ+ ¸c 0) + R +' ¥ K c¼R 5±I3 ¥ E'+ g ¤ , LgdH g¤ µ+ g ²+ iR . yKc K ÂcRkE+ ¢GcD ° R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

5¢0'±+I %c,y E+I 3+¢µ+I 5cnK)±+ £ = jc B^D 5±I3 ±&+ =¢ ¹ cF c G)+ ¯R { G y |E+ ° 5±I3 E' + R y |E+ gKc E ¥ dhµ+ dµ+ R R¤dK '+ g h {µ+ Ecdµ+ ¸c 0)+ F gR¤Ec 0)±+ jc B^R E+ {1 'c 8 FI E4 3R yF g¤Ec. g 1yF ·)+ gE¢ µ+ I'+ g 1R yµ+ g¤G+z¤µ+ 7+ dµ+ +xH £ = K 5±I3 E'+ ! yK+ÅB cd 8 ¦'+ ¸cRhE+ y |E+ ·) R + h . cµ+ g¤G+z¤F R +' R +' E4 ¥ K gKIc {F . ¶ )cB y |E+ gKc G £ R Rh1 g Kz´+ ° cµ+ dF ¡xH g R1yµ+ g¤G+z¤µ+ ¦Ic {. '+ ¥ d K c ¤E)+ ¤ :'+ I'+ g Kz´+ F x2+P' ^C cµ+ R +' I'+ I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° nR {K ¶ R E eq 7 I' R P + ¤ :'+ Lc dF ° ¡x¤ . ¥ d KI g¤R Ecµ+ gK¢ {hR E+ 7c, +xH I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° g¤G+z¤µc, g Kz´+ ° cµ+ dF gG5c F Ky® y K R ° ckµ+ y G'+ cµ+ %c }1)+ -5c h 7+ ° gR¤EcF jcK¢ {. gRK+' ¢1 Kyª ¦xE+ lqdE+ o*chG Rn 7 y 8 R D gKc G NjcBÊ2 ¦R +' = Lc1y 8 R : +¢F'±+ %c }1)+ I^0

g Kz´+ ° cµ+ dFI I^ }E+ ÇB3 g¤G+z¤F Î, R ¢GcD y 8 F g 1yR µ+ g¤G+z¤µ+ ¢H I'R ±+ c23)±+ R +' g 1ÊF à yK+ÅB cd 8 jc,c {1 ckF ·)+ c hG±c, ° g 1yR µ+ g¤G+z¤µ+ ¢ . '+ g¤R H'±+ Ec, F E y |E+ +xH ° gK+^dE+ g G ¥H hB

$ yKc K ÂcRkE+ R ,c {E+ y 1R yµ+ hE gKIc {F ^1+I Ny 8 R |E+ F g R R hK ¶ ¸chR Ec,I y |E+ E4 dC L c *cC K ¶ eh µ+ R '± yKc K ÂcRkE+ ¢GcD y |E g 1R yF g¤G+z¤F F K ¶ R

K¢® ¦R +' ¤1y. g¤G+z¤µ+ R c) B c H F $ =¢ ¹ cF ¤ ¬ R¯I R°c :)±+ ¢2^µ+ F $ Ky E+ £ . yK+ÅB cd 8 x F cd 8 ¢K g Kz´+ ° L+3¢0¢F dµ+ +xH ¢ K '+ ¥ d KI $ ¥H yK+ÅB cd 8 gKc G ° g 1R yµ+ U¶} »+ jg ¹+ ÍE3

eh µ+ -yK^F 5yR . yK+ÅB cd 8 ° E L+^ G LgBcD E+¢F'c, c h1±c, ^K^²+ Â+^¤µ+ eh µ+ '+^dK ckµ+ +xH ° = LÊ §B Njc ¤ 8 ÇB3 Ê2 F LgBcD c .c=¢B^F ^K^ {. F +x ¤1 R hhB ¥R º N y }F ° Lc,c {1 rh . '+ y }F ° eh µ+ +¢F'c, c h1±+ F L+^ G cH^K^ {. Njc,c {1 ÇB^, h¬ '+ eh µ+ -yK^F £ = +xE £ = Ê R;±+ à gR¤By }µ+ jc }E+ ¤ 9c . ¤n {hE } F R cµ+ F dF R E h {F Njc,c {1 ÇB3 yB+¢. enK ° R y }µ+ fc {³+ ÇB3 I^0 ° +xH = N ckF jc,c {³+ ° ¦ynK +4cF d §Ec, g ¤R By }µ+ jc,c {³+ y.cB3I I^ }E+ y.cB3 }. ' + enK eh µ+ F^th {K R R

g¤R By }µ+ jc,c {³+I gKR ^ R E+ ° ^¤1¢E+ y E+ K I^ }E+ ÇB3 , hR hK ¦xE+ LcdKy . { G ¤ }hR Ec, ° R R y }µ+ fc {³+ ÇB3 hR hK

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

I^ }E+ ÇB3 r }F ^th {K C+¢E+ ° jc=¢B^µ+ R E jc ¤ |E+ cC5' + ¤n {hE } }Ñ+ R R R ° R c :)±+ 3¢ E+ fc {³+ ÇB3 r }F cRF'+ gR¤By }µ+ I'+ gRK^ R E+ jc }E+ c R RF+) } K R N ÇB3 ·)+ Í |K '+ ¤B ¤C3 Í> N |, °y }µ+ I^ }E+ ÇB3 = ¡z¤¤ hE c H h {¤B R R ¤D gK(I5 µ+ F ¦^ R E+ fc {³+ F c dq 7 ¯R 5±I3 ±&+ i , Ng K3¢, y }µ+ ° eh µ+ fc {1 rhhP B+ R ±' ¥R F +xHI Ng B^D E4 ¤n {. R hK I^ }E+ ÇB3 ¥ B g R R¤By }µ+ jc,c {³+ y.cB3I ^ R Ec, E4 { K ÉD'+ I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° g 1R yµ+ g¤G+z¤µ+ ¢ h 7 c23)±+ +xH I^, 5±I3 ±&+ A, C'+ ¦^ R E+ fc {³+ g ¤C R +xHI g h {F Ng ¤ D dµ+ ¤n {. R h¤B R°y }µ+ fc {³+ ÇB3 ° cRF+' g Kz´+ ° dµ+ F 5±I3 ±&+ A, 5±I3 ±&+ ¤B rd 9'+ &±+I ° c §K'+ ¥R F R y }µ+ fc {³+ ° N cF F K ¶ ,c {E+ ¥ B L R ckµ+ ¥ B c ¤ D fc {³+ ¦ÇB3 ° Rn {P. '+ enK y }µ+I ^ R E+ Î, jÊK¢qRhE+ R '+ %yµ+ yRDxhK '+ µ+ F ¦R ^ G Nfc {1 ° :II y }µ+ F dq 7 R hK '+ Lc §K'+ rR }K RG'+ Í> y }µ+ ° cµ+ +^K)+ R hK c =¢ ¹I jc ¤ |E+ jc=¢B^F zn P . ckµ+ ° I^ }E+ ÇB3 c D c { G g Ky R Ec, ° R R R y }µ+ fc {³+ ÇB3 ¥ h K eh µ+ F ° R y }µ+ K¢qhR E+ Ky; = ¢2^µ+ F 5±I3 Êh 7+ h¤B yK+ÅB cd 8 y 8 Ê2 $ fc {³+ F 5±I3 ±&+ g EcdE+ g K3¢E+ F E4 0P +4)+I $ h ¤CI ¥ Ð+ ¢2^µ+ = LÊ §B {¤*yR E+ c H F 5±I3 E'+ cD yK+ÅB cd 8 Ê2 ° R y }µ+ fc {³+ ¡cR . ¦xE+ ¢2^µ+ c 0)+ R +' ¥ ¤ 7 ¦^ R E+ $ $ ! 5±I3 iGcD y |E+ gKc G ° g 1R yµ+ g¤G+z¤µ+ R c) B R kªU E} »+ ngN¨ lU H+

G ÃI I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° e 7c F N |, c R D g¤R Ecµ+ jc }E+ ¤n {. ¯R ^C RG+' £ = g¤R Ecµ+ gK¢ {hR E+ j^RD+' R R g¤G+z¤µ+ gG5c F R h. g Kz´+ ° cµ+ d¨ I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° g¤G+z¤µ+ gG5c F = L c :¢= ° R R y }µ+ fc {³+ ·)+ /c¼ ¤ 8 g¤R By }µ+ gK¢ {hR Ec, +xH y KI y }µ+ c¤, ° g¤G+z¤µc, gK¢ {hR E :c´+ ° R y }µ+ fc {³+ ÇB3 ° -^R µ cF Nfc {1 ¢1 g h {µ+I g=¢B^µ+ Ecdµ+ R D y . y }µ+ cH+y0'+ ¥hE+ jc }Ec, gq*± ¢H y }µ+ c¤, R ¦xE+ y }µ+ c¤, £ = R hE c¤dE+ I^0 ·)+ ^= -Ç E+ . gKc G ° ¥ dhµ+ 5+^ µ+I iC¢E+ F -3^R º yK+ÅB cd 8 gKc G ° Â+^¤µ+ eh µ+ ¡cR . N |, jc }E+ ¤n {. R R¯ ¢E £Rh1 c¤dE+ ° I^µ+ dµ+ c { G ¥H R R°y }µ+ fc {³+ ÇB3 ° g¤G+z¤µ+ ¢ . ± ^C ¦xE+ ¤ |E+ ¤n {. R h¤ 7 ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = g¤ FzR E+ jcBÊh2±+ F 3^= c H ¢ K '+ r05'±+ B e 7c F R h 7+ ^C y }µ+ ¢ K ±'+ µ+ F E R°y }µ+ fc {³+ ÇB3 ° y |E+ F KÍ2' ±+ ÎF¢¤E+ ° h ¤C i B3P R y K ±'+ hÐ+ F RG+' I'+ y }µ+ c¤, ° y K ±'+ µ+ F +xE , g 9c´+ jÊFc µc, j' +^, I'+ ^ , ¤ |E+ R R E4 ·)+ gBc :)±c, y |E+ Ex, 9c´+ c¤dE+ ° y |E+ F -Í2' ±+ g ¤ E+ cRK±' + Ê2 y }µ+ ·)+ ¢B^µ+ cµ+ R R R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

¢ 75 ¢H E4 £ = N ckF 6y,'+ R EI jc,c {³+ ° c ¤n {. R hK ¶ ¥hE+ jc }E+ § , y }µ+ c¤, ° y . ^C R R°y }µ+ fc {³+ F L-y 8cdF {qP. ¥hE+ y }µ+ E4 6c¾)+ à Lc F R°y }µ+ fc {³+ ÇB3 °I y }µ+ c¤, ° y . g 9 R D iGcD )+ }qB ¦R 5Iy §E+ F +xE R fc {³+ ÇB3 ° cHÍ 8'chB ° c. Ê2 F R y }µ+ fc {³+ ÇB3 ° cH5¢ < F ^D'chR E+I c¤dE+ ° jc }E+ Í 8' R N c F ° g Rn {µ+ jc }E+ +^th 7+ Å= +x ¤1 µ+ F ¢ ¤ 7 c¤dE+ ° cH5¢ < F ^D' cRhE+I R°y }µ+ R ckF £ = Ê R;ÊE gK¢ {hR E+ I^0 y G'+ c¤dE+I ° R y }µ+ fc {³+ ÇB3 Î, g¤G+z¤µ+ gK¢ {. B ^1+I -3bU l»+ nÐ H+

+^th 7+ ¥ d K c D gR¤By }µ+I gRK^ R E+ jc }E+ ¤n {hE g } F y.cB3 +^th 7+ enK L c ,c 7 sIy |F ¢H c D R LÊkF cµ+ F h {. dF R E 6+¢hR E+ y/'+ dR h. E r¤hK '+ E4 'c 8 B -^ h F g = R E g } F y.cB3 Nfc {1 rhB ¤ h {. E ¥ ¤D 8 E'+ I 5±I3 ±&+ g ,5'+ ® RG+' eH 5±I^E+I |E+ ¥h E ^1+I R

£ F Ê, c nK I'+ Lc Ky 7 5¢F'±+ e R }K c¼R Lc F g h» NjÊ = i 0 ^C ¢ . ±)+I ^1+I N I^ 9 ÇB3 ° kHg1)·+ ¡gF5'+ EbU H+ n·g N)+

B3 j±c }K)+ Ê2 F E4 R hK jc B^R E gd {R Ec, g 9 R E gEc1)+ C5 3c 7)+ R hK I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° R c ¤Cy. enK , 9c´+ ^1+¢E+ C5 R R¤dK '+ Í2'±+ +xH £ =I B3 c }K)+ Ê2 F g B3 R D ¤/¢. enK jc,c {³+ -y ¤ 8I g B^R E+ dFI 9¢E+I g B^R E+ £R . ¦xE+ }t |E+ ¦' R + E ¢B^µ+I B^R E+ uK5c.I ,chhR Ec, gM 75c¼ ¥ § . E jc B^R E+ ¡x , sc { E F+^th 7+ à c D B ^R Ec, c¤ E+ dC E4 Í §¬ ¦R 5Iy §E+ FI R R E4 0'+ F g h {F B3 -6c0)+ j+5c h 7+ +^th 7c, §B'+ ¡^ h K ¦xE+ Ky hR E+ ¢H CyR E+ +x B g B3 R E ^1R ¢F C5 Τ . ¢H B^R E+ j±c }K)+ F ¥R 7c 7'±+ ^ E+ R )+ y/c h. Î1 c R¤ 7 ± LcdEc> Ex, c¤ E+ ¦R 5Iy §E+ FI gd 7cÐ+ c G Ê2 F g B ^R E+ y/'+ RdhhE ¢¤R Ecµ+ ¢ R<¢µ+ R LÊkF g B3 R E N C5 Τ . Ê2 F yF'+ y,R ^. +x ¤1 à g=¢B^F B3 j±c }K)+ yB+¢h. ¶ +4)cB Dc |µ+ g ¤<¢Ec, ¥ K '+ E4 'c 8 B uE)+ ÂcRkE+ ¢GcDI ÂcRkE+ ¢GcD gdCc hµ+ g { {E+ 5cht. ^C R j±c }K)ÊE g¤R 7c 7'±+ gt { R E+ R tP. c ¤B gd 7cÐ+ jÊnR 7 ° ·I'±+ gt { R E+ % F R h¤B B^R E+ j±c }K)+ = Îht {G 5+^ 9)+ enK eGc0 ·)+ j±c }K)±+ ÇB3 ° jc B^R E+ R E R°c :)+ n 7 c H R +' E4 ¥ ¤B B^R E+ j±c }K)+ ÇB3 ° g¤GcRkE+ I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° 3¢0¢µ+ n {E+ R R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

LÊ B i/^1 g B^R E+ R +' £ = ¤E^R E+ ¢H c }K)±cB L+yRB¢hF E4 ¢ K Î1 -5¢.cBI c }K)c, g B3 R D =^P. '+ enK ^= c1 °I Ec, i hP 7+ ¥hE+ jcF^´+I {E+ -5¢.c E+ }.I L Ê B c =c¤h,+ ¯R ^C jcF^´+I {E+ R R R +' I ° sIy |F ¢H c D j±c }K)±c, B¢. R F Ä^ . ¥ d K c D c }K)±+ ° jcF^´+ I'+ {E+ 9I ¥ d K -5¢.cB yR R g =+^R E+ *c/¢E+ ¸chR E+ µ+ n·g N)·+ n+b¢l I

e {1 ^1R ¢µ+ C5 Í2'±+ +xH yDxK '+ enKI ¸ R c }K)+ ^ h {F ° %yµ+ ¡c hK N 23 ¦R '+ ¤/¢. ¥ d K enK .y ¤ 8I fc {³+ dFI 9¢E+I cµ+ B^K ¦xE+ }t |E+ B+ ^R E+I c }K)±+ uK5c.I e¤.yRhE+ R cµ+ £ hK ¦xE+ }t |E+ c ¤ = R C¢K gt {G B+^R E+ h {¤B j±c }K)±+ j+^ h {F = u {G mÊ/ 5+^ 9)+ R j+^ h {F ÇB3 ° ÇPhB g¤GcRkE+ gt {R E+ cRF'+ -3^R Ð+ h R F ·)+ eH4 ^C cµ+ R '+ £ = ¤E^R E+ ¢H +x B gd 7cÐ+ jÊn 7 ° :¢. gkEcRkE+ c ¤B j±c }K)±+ cµ+ £ h¤E c Ec h 7+ cD ¦R '+ c h 7+ ±)+I F&+ N c F ° j±c }K)±+ j+^ h {F jÊn 7 1 ¥ d K LcKR yHc< h R F 7c, k =+bU H+ *g/¨H+ hR h. '+ enK E Lc ,c 7 5¢DxF ¢H c D g¤R By }µ+ jc,c {³+ ÇB3 I'+ I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° jc }E+ ¤n {. ¥ d K R R j+5c h 7+I B^R E+ j+^ h {FI j±c }K)±+ *c/¢E+ ¡xH R §h.I c E gd { R Ec, g<¢ º g =+3 *c/¢, Lc §K'+ g 9 R D jc,c {³+ F Ng { 7 ¦R +' F R F %M z0 ¥H g =+^R E+ *c/¢E+ F jc µ+ ¡xHI -6c0)±+ jc,c {³+ ,c F c EI g h» g = R E 7+¢C 3¢0I F y 8 R E *c/¢E+ F } F F yB+¢hK '+ ¥ d K B^R E+ c }K)+ £ = ^0+¢h. '+ Ã ¥hE+ -6c0)±+ g 9 R E g<¢ Ð+ *c/¢E+ R §h. '+ enK g¤R By }µ+ B^R E+ j+^ h {F e¤.y. e {1 *c/¢E+ 1 enK Lc F g=¢ ¹ c R D Í.+¢ E+ I'+ j±c }K)±+I B^R E+ c }K)+I jc,c {³+ ÇB3 I'+ I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° f+¢,' ±+ F Nfc, ¦R ±' jc µ+ ° g =+^R E+ j+^ h {µ+ 3cnK)+ {K '+ enK R B¢B5 ¢; £ = gdR.yF g =+^R E+ *c/¢E+ = gKR y 8 Njc F Njc,c {1 eh F ¦R '+ Ã '+ r05'±+ F L+4)+ gK5c²+ krl¢»+ ng,g ¹+ jc,c {³+ y.cB3 R '+ Í> gd 7cº c G ¦R +' y 9c = H'+ ^1'+I jÊn {E+ 1 7c 7'+ jc }E+ ¤n {. Åh K R yRB¢. ± c R E e {1I gKR 3y E+ jc }E+ 9¢ }t, ¤ 9c . ¥ . ¥ B cH3y ¨ -3 ^R º Lg ¤C ® ^ R E+I g¤R By }µ+ R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

jcF¢ µ+ }¤t . enK :y E+ +x E Lc §K'+ cµ+ 5^ }F = ±I O Ê=I g µ+ cµ+ g¤R D = g¤R Ec 0)+ N-5¢ 9 ¦R +' I^ }E+ y.cB3 ° -yR B¢hµ+ R yKc K ÂcRkE+ ¢GcD ° Â+^¤µ+ eh µ+ cH+y0'+ ¥hE+ g=¢B^µ+I g h {µ+ Ecdµ+ = +L z0¢F }¤t hR E+ I^0 y K }¤t . ¯R c D c ¤ D g¤R By }µ+ jc,c {³+ ÇB3I I^ }E+ ÇB3 F jcF¢ µ+ ¡xH eq 7 ¯R ^CI yK+ÅB cd 8I R ^R K '+ E4 'c 8 B g h {µ+I g µ+ Ecdµ+ 5+^ F gBy F {. +x HI jc` E+ +^th 7c, jc R E+I ¢2^µ+ gdC+yF +x ¤1 ¤ h {K ¦xE+ Iy |µ+ yK^F £ = -^*c Ec, E4 3¢ K ¡5^ }FI cµ+ c G)+ g¤R ¤ E Lcq :+I Lc ¤ }. ¸ R c 0)±+ ¸ R cµ+ :¢E+ c |CcG c B Ecdµ+ oh . '+ dC -^1+I Ng = ·)+ c R D c E¢¬ ' . Î1 R + ¤ = jÊ E+ F 3N ^ , jc }E+ JynP R ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = |E+ ·) R + j+5±I^R E+ gBc :)+ ¥R µ+ F ¢ K E Lc ,c 7 ng,g ¹+ n+} ª 8

F g { 7 gKR '+ +^th 7+ ¤B jc,c {³+ j+y ¤ 8 A, I^ }E+ R y.cB3 }¤t hE gF^th {µ+ jc` E+ £ R {P. ¥H jc R E+ j+y ¤ 8 ¢ . cF L-3c= g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> jc R E gd { R Ec, .c GI Iy |µ+ ¢2^F }¤t hE jc` E+ Lc BI I'+ fy E+ I'+ y |E+ I' R E+ LÊkF g¤R B+y ²+ g E Lc BI 'c | P. '+ ¤B H'±+ R + f¢ ²+ I'+ c |E+ ° jc R I'+ Î R<¢µ+ ¤Ec . LÊkF jc R E+ ¢ E Lc BI I'+ ¥=+5zE+ =^R E+ I'+ g¤q }E+ g¤,y hR E+ £ = jc R E+ LÊkF Iy | E R g¤R =+5zE+ j+I3'±+ I'+ R E+

¤B g K¢; j+y ¤ 8 cF'+ cÏ+ rh K '+ E4 'c 8 B g hÑ+ y;'±+ ¡xH F LcnKzF LcdEc> j+y ¤ |E+ ^th {. R Njc,c {qD gG6+¢µ+ ° g h {F c { G j+y ¤ |E+ ¢ . ' + enK E F+^th 7+I j+y ¤ |E+ F N ¢G ¦R +' ¤E'c. R R g,¢h F gG6+¢µ+ ¢ . Î1 jc,c {³+ j+y ¤ 8 ^K^¬ R hK L+4)+ g 1± j+y ¤ 8 ^R . cF^ = jc,c {³+ ¢F^th {¤ 7 KxE+ 9ct 8'±+ jc0c1 Lc *+3 5cdh=±+ Î , x2'c. '+ ¤ = 9ct 8'ÊE gd { R Ec, -^¤ F jcF¢ µ+ ¡xH ¢ h 7 B c 0chG)+ R h¤ 7 ¥hE+ jcF¢ µ+ j+y ¤ |E+ 3 R ^R qhB jc,c {³+ eh µ+ ° Îd 7cÐ+I Iy |µ+ -5+3)+ = ÎEI(¢ {µ+ 9ct 8'±+ %±(¢H R §hK #jc,c {³+ ¢F^th {¤ 7 KxE+ ¥R 05c2 NrGcF ¦R '+I g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R E {¤*yR E+ NjcdR hF ÎF^th {µ+ § , à gKR 5c¤ µ+ .c,c {1 j+y ¤ 8 +^th 7+ ¦R 5Iy §E+ F +xE ¤¤ h E g ,cC Í> gh,c/ R ÎqGcµ+ § dEI g¤R F¢ ³+ Í> g R E ¥ {¤*yR E+ eh µ+ jc,c {1 g G'+ £ = gEc³+ ¡xH d . '+ r05'±+ F rGcµ+ ·)+ yK5c RhE+ Ä^ . 7+ i¬ ¢ GcF jc,c {1 g=¢ ¹ ° R°c :)+ N |, E4 g |Cc F R h. ÎR¤05c´+

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

eR hK +x E enK c D -yR |F g¤R By }µ+ jc,c {³+ ÇB3I I^ }E+ ÇB3 ° g nR {F g 9 R D ¢ . '+ µ+ F R ckF £ = Ê R;ÊE j+y ¤ 8 I^0 y G'+ g¤R By }µ+ jc,c {³+I I^ }E+ y.cB3 0' + F Lc¤R Bc :)+ +L 3¢ = yF'±+ R yK+ÅB cd 8I yKc K ÂcRkE+ ¢Gc , g 9c´+ I^ }E+ y.cB3 £ = j+y ¤ |E+ R R R dR P. l¤1 ng,g ¹+ k 9Ð2

jc,c {³+ pchG)c, r {K cR¼ jc,c {³+ j+y ¤ 8 +^th 7+ F gR¤By }µ+ jc,c {³+ ÇB3I I^ }E+ ÇB3 }¤t . Ã R ¤D 1Ê. '+ ÃI jc,c {³+ }¤t . I^0 ° jc,c {q E ¤ {, N }¤t . = ckF £ = Ê R;±+ Ã gR¤Ec 0)±+ gG6+¢µc, gE¢ {, c hG5c F Ã ¤DI %+5^µ+ £ = -^*c Ec, c H gF^th {µ+ jcF¢ µ+ 3¢ . kªU Hg»+ ,+¨ ­H+ U R §h. ¥HI ¡cG3'+ c 9I R hK ¡3c G I'+ cµ+ 5^H c h1+ *cH N |, }R . '+ g ¤ C g¤R 7c 7'+ g¤R EcF ,+¢ §E Ã F i R ® c R D E Lc *+3 c R D ,+¢ §E+ ¤d . schK ± ^C R G'+ ·)+ -5c 8)±+ 5^ª jc R E+ -6c0)+ kF j±c¹ R -¢C ÉD' R + Fc G rd 9'+ c ¤d . Jy2'±+ g¤R 7c 7'±+ ,+¢ §E+ FI .+4 ^R q, gKc E F ¸ R R cF M ,c : ¢H gG6+¢µc, c hG5c FI jc,c {³+ 3+^=)+ R +' yRDx. ^K^¬ = LÊ §B g¤R Ecµ+ c ='±+ 0'+ F gd 7c µ+ j+Å´+I j+5c µ+ ¦I4 9ct 8'±+ fc h 7+ £ = 9y³+ ¥H jc,c {³+ ¥RE¢hE 3^0 Î R<¢F 3cnK)c, yF'±+ R hK cF^ = gKR ¢EI'±+ +xH R hqK '+ ¥ d K r :+I N |, .c¤R EI(¢ {F .cd0+I y K '+ F ^RDc' .I gF6ÊE+ -Å´+I j+%c E+ Ã Lc }t 8 ^0 -6g0)·+

g BcÐ+ £ = 5M 3cC c G)±+ g¤R EI(¢ {F ·¢hK F R +' £ = 9yq E ¦R 5Iy : +x B c G)±+ 3+¢F F -3R cF R D -6c0)+ ¥ d K R ® +4)cB gG6+¢µ+ 3I^1 : jc R E+ %c , = L-3c= M I(¢ {F ckµ+ ¤d 7 £ = Iy |µ+ yK^ B 5¢F'±+ cF6 £ = e 7c F Í> N |, cµ+ PK '+ Ã LÊkF .y ¤ 7 = yF'±+ pyt¤ 7 jc B^R E+ -6c0)+ F Î R<¢µ+ F ¦R +' g h» gKR ¢ 7 ÍKc F L+3^R º gG6+¢µ+ = I(¢ {µ+ Iy |µ+ yK^F c ¤ = B+¢K s¢ :¢, g ¤R dF Nj+%+y0)+ 3c h=+ enK ^R ³+ +xH 6Icnh. ¥hE+ jc B^R E+ cRF'+ 5±I3 ^R 1 d. gRK^ G Njc B3 -6c0)c, eh µ+ yK^µ sc {E+ Ã L ÊkF R N Lc §K'+ ¦5Iy §E+ F ¢ E+ 0I ° Iy |µ+ yK^F fc¤> %c /' + = ¤R F e*cG I'+ Iy |µ+ yK^F cHz¤nK '+ en¤B R ^¤C jc ¤ |E e ; -5c h 7+ ^ h . ^C LÊkF jc }E+ F g h» N +¢G'+ -6c0)± g h» Nj+5c h 7+ 3c h=+ R c .6c0)+I jc ¤ |E+ ¡xH e ; 0' + F ¤ }qhR E+ R

!+^¥.J +Î 7 g¥G£ / Î< g G ¦ d, ¥E How to Build a Good Small NGO

£I'·+

I^ 9 ° C'±+ £ = I'+ L-3c= g Kz´cD F&+ N c F ° eh µ+ ° ¦R ^ G N dF ¦R +' 1 L+^R 0 µ+ F RG+' ° R 8 ± g Kz´+ ° cµ+ %c ,)+ R hK '+ ¥ d K c D ^1+I N }t 8 £ = I^ }E+ +xH ·) + ¢ 9¢E+ y }h K '+ enK ÎhF ¸ R R cF 6ÊE+ ^ = ±)+ {¤*yR E+ eh µ+ F ¤ = ¢ }³+ I'+ y }µ+ F cµ+ eq 7 enK ±I £G3'+ ^R 1 ·)+ kªE} »+L kNb ¢U H+ ngN¨ lU H+

RG+' jc,c {³+ jy <'+ +4)cB C+¢E+ { . jc,c {³+ R '+ y h {B c hGc, gR¤By }µ+I gRK^ R E+ jcK¢ {RhE+ i Rd P; +4)+ C'±+ £ = Ny 8 R D ¤d . ¥ d KI ¥R 7c 7'+ M ,c : ¢H +xH LÊ B 5±I3 g*cF ® iG'cB L+^ G 5±I3 g*cF ® ngh0+¨H+ E

jcd0+¢E gd {R Ec, gR¤EI(¢ {µ+ E+ Cc; F ¢ h» %c §='+ R qhK '+ £ = 9y³+ ¥H gRK5c¤ µ+ gR¤Ecµ+ ,+¢ §E+ F R c¤h1±+ c h1+ F }R K c D c R D gd 7cÐ+ c ='+ ¢1 jc 9¢q E+ F gL { 7 E4 ^R K g hÑ+ gd 7cÐ+ ¤n {.I ^ R E+ gR¤EI(¢ {F ¥RE¢.I jc B^R E+ -6c0)+ ¥ B c }B gEIcº R h. ¥hE+ gR¤ 7c 7'±+ *c<¢E+ cRF+' ÍdD N |, jÊFc µ+ I'+ jc }E+ R kh 7gu H kUªhKU|H+ b=+¨ H+ Lc }t 8 R +' ¥ K cR¼ jc,c {³+ ° jc ¤C^hE+ y/'+ RdhhE Ng { 7 £ = g BcÐ+ ¤ = . cF R D Rn 7 ° R c :)+ Nsy 8 ·)+ g0c1 cÀI3 B h nR 7 cF Ê2 F .c,c {1 y/'+ dR hhK '+ enK y2&+ enK c D c R D j+%+y0)±+ cdR.+ FI gd 7c F NjcR F ° c R D *c/¢E+ 1 F ^RD'c. Lc R F D ±)+ ¸chE+ y |E+ ° c { G g Ky R Ec, cHz¾'+ y 8'±+ ^1'+ ° g R¤ F Ng Ky , 5¢F'±+ jz¾'+ +4)cB Lc 7c hF D R cHͤ . ·)+ ¤0I e M d 7 c=3 +4)+ gd 7c µ+ jÊn {E+ 9+I R R D 'ÊF+I g/^R º c RG+' F ^D'chR E+ I3 F yR à Lc=¢d 7'+ ^. ± jÊn {E+ lK^¬ R D+Ç. c ='±+ ª ± jc }E+ %+y0) + F { G iC¢E+ ° R E r¤hK R {F N :+ÇBc, C g ¤R F NgE'c {F ° g Ec, gL ,¢ 9 i 0+I +4)cB ¤ . -^1+I gL G ª ± à cF y 7'c, I(¢ {µ+ e 7cÐ+ I'+ yK^F F c |CcG R / yF'±c, g 1ÊF ehD'+ ^R RhE+ Mango, 97A St Aldates, Oxford, OX1, 1BT, UK Website: www.mango.org.uk Phone: + 44 (0) 1865 433885 E-mail: enquiries@mango.org.uk

A, c }R.±+ %c0yR E+ jcF¢ µ+ F ^Kz E

2030 M Street, 5th Floor, NW Washington, DC 20036-3306 tel: (202) 728-5500 fax: (202) 728-5520 www.ndi.org

Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.