khmer history

‰ksar®bvti†sa®s†

ecAh√ayKuy vIrbursExµrkmı¨Cae®kam

eroberogeday

Ekv-suvtiƒ Gneu sny i ‰k´nkgeyaFBlexmrCati

karpßayrbss ' arBtm · anGgr brU I B˘s˘2549 - K˘s˘2005

ecAha√ yKy u

01

vacaG~kniBnÏ esovePA‰ksar®bvts †i a®se† rOg «ecAha√ yKy u » enH kalkg ¨~ smy & skP †i m U i xV ¨∆M neVHBm u p ı ßaymg † rc Y eTAehy I . kaleNaH x®¨∆M tvU eKTakk ' bJËç l®Tg u Gsc ' n M n Y 17´f,© edayecaTfa xe¨∆M fm ¬I JsemX hafl nsresrbH" Jl' dl®' BHecsa† . ≤LvË enH, kal:eeTs:t t®mvU [xs ¨∆M eM logcg u Vk " arya" gmt u edm I ∫q I Hi˚ kkay®bmatC ' SexAµ rbse' sc † vegg √ Cati bp M s u nvU saµ rtt I srUfl bsv' rI bru sExrµ ®Kb' kalsmy & EdlVn®byT u b Ï rˆ sa¬ b' Camy Y ecaryn Y bn ¬ T ' k w dI edm I ∫k I arJr ®TB¥sm∫tr†i bs®' beTsCati . esovePA‰ksar®bvts †i a®se† rOg «ecAha√ yKy u » qH¨¬ bJSç gBs I kmP µ aBya" g®case' Cg I rbsy ' n Y ®Kb®' sTab' EdlkB M g u EterobKeM ragkarNe_ lb Tk w dI ng i CanQ ' s ¬I T i eÏi srP I aBrbsb ' gbn ËÌ Exrµ eyg I enAkmC ¨ı ae®kam [TTl Y Tk u e≈ vTnaya" gexa¬ cpßa edayVt´d®bLakQ ' amrbsB ' k Y va .

PeM~ Bj, ´fT © 2 I 0 sh I a 1971

Ekv-suvtiƒ

ecAha√ yKy u

02

åTiÊskfa sm U åTs Êi esovePA‰ksar®bvts †i a®se† nHCn U ceM JH – ‹ elakesna®bmx u

ln'-nl'

‹ elakåtm † esny i ‰k

s≥ sirm i t:

‹ elakT®I bk w ßa

sWn-g"k u faj'

‹ elakåtm † esny i eTa

sU-kaMxUy

‹ elakåtm † esny i ®tI

Gin u -taM

‹ elakvresny i eTa

m"at'-´s¬va"n'

‹ elakvresny i eTa

ka-bUnI

‹ elakvresny i ®tI

Lac-esOm

‹ yT u C Ï nesh ~ aCatT i SgGs' ‹ elakcagha√ gsarBtm · anCatT i SgGs' ‹ Gk ~ nB i nG Ï kßrsa®sC † atT i SgGs'

ecAha√ yKy u

03

-1es†cExµr es†cyYn mn u ng w paÊ tT ' B M r& CrM abmt i G † k ~ Gan B®I bvtd †i K * rM rU bse' cAha√ yKy u ®bmx u ex t®† BH®tJg M EdlCavrI bru sExrµ dG * gG ' acenAEdndk I mC ¨ı ae®kamenaH xs ¨∆M m U ebI kTB M r& ®bvts †i a®s† cgl ¨Ì B®I keyAefakTab´nesc † vegg √ Catx i H¬ EdlQk ¬ n ' w gkamtNa˙ ®sy I n Y bNa† l[Vtb ' gT ' k w dd I F * eM Fg dc U man®bvts †i a®sc † ar Tk u mkya" gCrU ct' [kn U Exrµ Cn M ane' ®kayCaGk ~ TTl Y Qc W abe' xa¬ cpßa . kg ¨~ qS~ Ct U Gds Ω k & BT u s Ï kraC2180 K˘s˘1636 (1) enA®beTsExrµ eyI gmankarvk w vrya" gxS¬ g edayTB & yn Y cl U Qa¬ nJn kg ¨~ bN M gelbykTk w dk I mC ¨ı ae®kam . bEu" nk † alenaH yT u C Ï nCatei yg I Vnrm Y kmS¬ gKa~ vayTbv' j i ya" gGgG ' ac rht U TTl Y Cy & Cn M Hd®* tcH®tcg' . kng ¬ Vnmy Y ry:ee®kaymk esc † Exrµ ekt I vk i lcrt i kg ¨~ xn Á¬ ePc ¬ s®tvU sB Y C U rbsC ' ati edayQk ¬ v' egg √ ng w s®msk ' n U ®kmy uM n Y bNa† l[Tk w EPk ~ ®bCara®sE† xrµ hrU kkka¬ yCaQam ebomEtesckQ †I c W abe' dayrk®ckedaH ®sayBruM c Y . e®kayeBlyT u C Ï nExrµ dG * gG ' ac vaybeNa† jk∫alyn Y ecjBT I k w dk I mC ¨ı ae®kamehy I esc † Exrµ ky * ageTAeFT √I sßnkc i eç nA®kg u ev" tamesckG †I eJÇI jkg ¨~ åVyklexAµ ggt w rbs®' BHecAyn Y . esc † Exrµ yageTAdl®' kg u ev" k®* bTHEPk ~ ng w kn U ®kmeuM sc † ya" Lg ¨ eQaµ H ®BHGgm  aç sk ' ß®ty I c _ vU Edlmanrb U eqam®ss®' bm w ®by i x _ l çI k ˙ d ' c U eTBGbßr kc * abc ' t i ®† btB i T & P Ï a¬ m . cEM Nk®BHecAyn Y k®* bjabe' lk I fa√ yCabnaÊ nE' dr edm I ∫s I eM rceKalbN M gya" g®case' Cg I rbsx ' n Á¬ . ®BHGgm  aç sk ' ß®ty I c _ vU VneLg I zan:C CamehsI ®BHCy & eCdaΩ T2 I ehy I ke* ®bl I ∫c i Bgk √ x ' rY [Qk ¬ v' egg √ ng w s®msr' bsv' a ePc ¬ GKm  ehsEI xrµ Edl EmT " k u “Bk u dakG ' sr' lg I . r‰ I ®BHecA®kg u evv" j i sb∫ayct i C † aTb I p M t u e®JH®BHecAVnEvkEjksa ce' rOgenHya" gTl U T M l U ay mn u ng w cN M aysacm ' y Y df uM a√ y®BHecAExrµ . m¥" a (1) c∫abe' dm I sresrfa – qS~ Ct U Gds Ω k & BT u s Ï kraC 2178 K˘s˘ 1558 .

ecAha√ yKy u

04

geToteKylf ' a – sÂga mrvagExrµ ng i yn Y cb®' tm w enHehy I e®JHVnkn U ®sB I nk ¬ eTAGgy ¨ Tnm wÊ ng w ®BHraCblg &¬ E˚ xrµ . ®BHVTCy & eCdaΩ T2 I mn i Vnca bP ' k w¬ fa esc † yn Y bgb ˚ B ' s i Bl u ya" gsahavdeU cH~ esaH kr* vlE' tQk ¬ n ' g w ste√ Cg I BrI ePc ¬ eml I bNa† ra®sE† xrµ Edlyaml∫atenACvuM j i xn Á¬ Gsr' lg I edayylf ' a“Bk u ekk µ ng i kn U ®bsar manerOgGn I g w kabs ' ma¬ bK ' a~ ebQ I am sacv' j i ®tVjC ' aFg ¨¬ my Y eTAehy I . ®tge' nHehy I EdlExrµ eyg I ny i ay ®VbK ' a~ fa ®BHVTCy & eCdaΩ T2 I yn Y VnbJl Ëç eQaµ Hkg ¨~ ®bvts †i a®se† hAfa «®BHGgm  aç sl ' g w »  . e®JHKatn ' y i mEterOglg w e nHehy I eTb I kn U Exrµ my Y PaKFrM se' nAkmC ¨ı ae®kam hrU Tk w EPk ~ rabs ' tvtßmn i Gs' rht U mkdls ' B´√ f© enH . erOg®bBny Ï n Y cab´' d®BHecAExrµ mn u db M g U cgs ' f †I aya" gemc " ks * asn_ eKmn i svU eGeI BEI dr dln ' agcvU mn i svU CaeGeI BI manG®I BHecAExrµ ®sLaje' K ePc ¬ xn Á¬ Etmg † eXj I ®BHCy & eCdaΩ Qk ¬ v' egg √ xS¬ gehy I eTb I vae®beI sø~ tbnc †i mg † @ edaymn i [dg w xn Á¬ ya" gdacx ' at . enHehy I Bt u t∫t ¨ ®sy I n Y EdlsmM© esø© me®bT I k w mx u jjm w edm I ∫d I k®sgk ' arBei saFnB _ eI yg I mn u db M g U vasaÊ b sg Ê y ' kcN M c u exßayGse' hy I eTb I Tb I p M t u vavate' yg I cas´' dmg † . erOg enH Ct I axk ¨∆M alenAVk®' J extV † td ' b M g Katm ' an®bBny Ï n Y my Y . KatB ' i esaFnC _ amy Y vaGs®' bEhl4qS~ kE* ckpvˬ Ka~ edrI eTAEtKaµ nkn U esaH . Kat' Vnny i ay®Vbx ' f ¨∆M a – BC U yn Y ecAkeuM Pc ¬ [esaH eb®I sLajv' a®KanE' trab' GanVnehy I eb®I Cl u eTAesBKb' ®tvU Kb u va[Vnmn u k[ uM vaKb u Tan' EtebvI a Kb u Tane' hy I sm U ∫eI xasb ¬I kG * sE' dr . enHCabNS† rbsC ' t I ax¨∆M . bne† rOg®BHnagGgc  vU teTAeTot ®BHnagcvU bn ui tj ËÌ EtN Ì asm ' g † faGeI cH mg † faGc I Hu eF[ √I ®BHCy & eCdaΩ T2 I vl i k∫g ¨ ®Kbå ' Vyklrbsv' a . ®BHnagGgc  vU Cab®u tT I 8 I ´n®BHecAya" Lg ¨ esc † ®kg u ev" . ®bCara®sy † n Y eKny i mehAeQaµ H®BHnagfa «®BHGgm  aç sk ' ß®ty I k _ C U n i » . ®BHnagtSgBI mkrm Y rsC ' amy Y ®BHVTCy & eCdaΩ T2 I km * an®BHraCb®u tm I y Y ®BHGg ®Tgf ' a√ y ®BHnamfa ®BHGgm  aç sG ' gJ  k Ô ß®tI . kalebV I nb®u tm I y Y ehy I ®BHnagGg cvU manGakb∫kri y i aEbk ¬ B®I BHecAeyg I Canc i ç . e®kaymkeTot ®BHnagsG uM M NacB®I BHGge drI ks M an®† Kbe' xtx † N & Î . dl[ ' edrI ks M any † rU @eTAtSgEbk ®VCa∆ ke* Lg I fa√ ybg®M BHsa√ mI sG uM N M acedrI srY sx u Tk u b ≈ Na† ra®sE† xrµ Edlrse' nAPm U ®i sk u extq † a© y@ Cn M s Y ®BHGge Tot . ®BHCy & eCdaΩ T2 I kG * nJ u aÔ

ecAha√ yKy u

05

tdl®' BHnagcvU [edrI srY sx u Tk u r≈ a®sE† ®sck M ar KeW xtV † raC1 ehy I ng i ex tv† ale®bs I 1. ®BHnagGgc  vU VnTTl Y c∫abG ' nJ u aÔ tBs I a√ m[ I edrI srY sx u Tk u E≈ xrµ Etcn M Y n2exte† T EtedayGag®BHecAExrµ Casa√ ms I B®√ BHTy & xS¬ g k®* Cl u hs Y eTAbY next‰ † eNaH. KeW xtj † a®" tag1 ng i extT † l Y taemak1eTot (yn Y sB´√ fe© hA eQaµ Hexte† nHfa Fy U vU" mk U" ) . l∫c i kld®* kxk √ r' bs®' BHnagcvU mn i ®tm w EtbN u" g wˆ eT vahafl ndle' TAlY ceps ∆I arB®I beTsExrµ eTA®Vbd ' le' TArdaΩ PV i lya" Lg ¨ GB M K I eM ragkarNs _ ma© tr' bsv' a EdlVneFr√I c Y ehy I edm I ∫[ I rdaΩ PV i lvacatk ' arbJn ËÇ mkCabnaÊ n' nvU bNa† ra®sy † n Y NaEdlKaµ ndF I e¬I FE√I ®sck M ar eFp √I HÊ sEM bg e®JHdeI nA ®sk u Exrµ slT ' eM nre®cn I Nas' mn i xH√ [ra®sy † n Y enAeT . å V y k l e n H m a n ® b sT i P Ïi a B N a s ' m n i yrU bn u" aµ nra®sy † n Y km * krs' enA®cLk Ë ®cLC M amy Y Exrµ tkn U Bn U CaecArabk ' ∫alesrÊI mn i Gs' . dle' Xj I ra®sr† se' nAkkkj u ®KbT ' k I Eng ¬ ehy I eKk®* bkas®Vbb ' Na† ra®se† K[dg w ®KbK ' a~ fa – (Tk w d®I BHnagkC U n i sn ui ) ya" g≤teGonxaµ se' saHEtmg † . ceM Na TGsT ' SgenH®tvU Fa¬ ke' TAel®I BHCy & eCdaΩ T2 I EdlCaesc † KrM kc ' g®kg®bvt†i sa®sy † a" gCc U t' Tk u [CnCatEi xrµ rgTk u e≈ vTnarht U sB´√ f© ke* ®JHEtKn M t i ´®B´pßelaµ PtNa˙ rbse' sc † Gge nH . kn U Exrµ Cn M ane' ®kaye®tomxn Á¬ Canc i ç ng i Kasr' eM lg I ÚsEkvygX ' g ~ rbse' carbreTs elT I k w dd I F * eM FgrbsE' xrµ Edl®bvts †i a®sV † ncg®kgTk u edayGyt u F † i m· .

ecAha√ yKy u

06

-2ecaryYnb¬n'ext†®BH®tJMg dk I mC ¨ı ae®kammansNaΩ nbn Y ®Cg u Jy ~ ®sb latsng wÏ BT I s i nri teI TATi s¯san . ®B®M bTlx ' aglc i Tln ' g w kmC ¨ı akNa† l xagt∫g Ë ng i xagekt I Tln ' g w sm®u Tcn i xageCg I Tln ' g w nKrcV M " . Th M d M m I an®bmaNmy Y PaKbI 1/3´nkmC ¨ı akNa† l K®W bmaN2700KL I EË m®" t®kLaeTK √ N u . deI nH®bvt†i edm I CaekaHtc U @ dHu ®bml U pK ¨M† a~ ehy I kk * a¬ yeTACadT I n M abTabesµI manCrI Ca ti GacdSdN M SVnpllC Ì aTb I p M t u kg ¨~ e®Cay≤Nc ËÎ n i enH (Indochina)) . dk I mC ¨ı ae®kamBG I tt I kalEckCa17ext† . extn † m I y Y @sT u EÏ tmanTh M F M M @Nas' . lHu mkdls ' my & GaNanK i mVrSg eKnSKa~ B®gk I extT † SgenaH eTACa21extv† j i . extT † Sg17smy & Gtt I kalmaneQaµ Hdc U teTAenH – 01- ext®† BH®tJg M

(®tayj i )

02- extB † llav

(Vkl ' vI )

03- extX † S¬ g

(sk u ®tSg)

04- extT † k w exAµ

(kaemA" )

05- extJ † m

(haeTog)

06- ext®† kmn Y -s

(raC " ya" )

07- extV † raC

(Lg ¨ esog)

08- extm † at®' Ck U

(cvU dk u )

09- exte† ragdrM I

(taynj i )

10- ext®† BHsK Y ·

(Fy U vU" mk U" )

11- ext´† ®BnKr

(´shg  )

12- exte† m-s

(mI f)

13- extl † ge' har

(yj ui Lg ¨ )

14- extk † B M gÚ ' sßI

(bn ^ fl E®t)

15- extE† ®BkÚsßI

(kg w ef)I

16- extd † b M k U ekag

(hk  g u )

17- extp † ßarEdk

(saEdk)

ecAha√ yKy u

07

kg ¨~ extn † m I y Y @ manecAha√ yextE† xrµ ma~ kC ' aGaNaB¥aVleml I karxu s®tvU . xN:eenH xB ¨∆M V uM nerobrabB ' s I kmP µ aBde* XareXArbse' caryn Y mk elb I gbn ËÌ Exrµ eyg I enAkmC ¨ı ae®kamTSgGse' T K®W KanE' telk I ykextm † y Y k¨~ gceM NamextT † Sg17enaH mkbk®sayedm I ∫C I a‰ksardass ' aµ rtk I n U Exrµ Cn M ane' ®kayTSgGs' [cabG ' armN µ B _ ®I bvtC †i rU ctr' bsb ' B u b √ ru sCn M anm ' n u Ed lVnts®Ufl kajnnalkg ¨~ Tl I ansmrPm U i edm I ∫k I arJrbrU NPaBTk w dI ®BH BT u s Ï asna ng i sT i eÏi srP I aB®bCaCnExrµ rabE' snnakk ' g ¨~ TrI m Y ext®† BH®tJg M Edlmanelakåkja" esnabtI sn W -Ky u Ca®bmx u extd † K * rM U . smy & åkja" sn W -Ky u Casmy & e®bk I Sbt i BeU fA dav lEM BgCaGavF u ehy I ykesHdrM C I ayanCn M Hi enAeBl®sk u mansÂga mQa¬ nJnmg † @.

Epnkarbn ¬ y ' kTk w dk I mC ¨ı ae®kamrbse' yg I mn u db M g U esc † yn Y Vncat' emTB & vama~ ke' Qaµ H FeI b maDFd M b M gehy I xs ı k ' ®M Bg w vs i y & eta~ t´l mx u mat' kacsahavdc U xa¬ ®tvU rbs Y bJaÇ ky ' a" gc∫asf ' aCaCne®skQamGk ~ st Ë ¬ ®t g' .

FeI bTTl Y bJaÇ BeI sc † yn Y [nSTB & my Y kgvresnatc U cl U mkTbT ' l' Exrµ enACayEdnkmC ¨ı akNa† l ehy I cate' mTB & ma~ ke' ToteQaµ H Gg u -LvË (T& BenHtam‰ksarfa sahavCagTB & NaTSgGs' kg ¨~ ceM NamkgTB & yn Y TS gml U ) e®b[ I nSTB & 2kgvresnatc U cl U vaysrM k u mkext®† BH®tJg M TSgmU l[Vn . db M g U xn ¨∆M y i ayBeI mTB & yn Y eQaµ H Gg u FeI b sn i . TB & yn Y FeI b kg ¨ ~ eBl bJaÇ TB & cl U vayTB & Exrµ enAtamCayEdneyg I vavayTbT ' l@ ' CabeNa† HGas n ~E t b "ue N ˆa H m in G a c b J Ça T &B [ c Ul ® b y uT ÏC a m Yy T &B E x µr x ¬S g k ¬a V n e T e®JHTB & Exrµ enAtamCayEdn st ƒi e®kambJaÇ karelak ml ui Edlmanl∫c i yT u s Ï a®sk † g ¨~ kar®byT u y Ï a" gGgG ' acyrU qS~ mkehy I . cEM NkGaemecar Gg u -LvË VnnSTB & BrI kgvresnatc U cl U eTA®byT u Ï eLamBT & eÏ xt®† BH®tJg M EdlrdaΩ PV i leyg I Vncate' lakåkja" esnabtI sn W -Ky u [eFC √I aecAha√ yext† . elakåkja" sn W -Ky u maDFd M b M gxs ı ' sm∫r¨ sENk † Vy manTk w mx u ssaÌ t ´pf Ê a© sFT M l U ay sk®' sLt Ë rabeseµI TAe®kay . elakCavrI Cnma~ k' manct i k † a¬ han®Kbk ' c i k ç arTeU TA ehy I Vncl U beM rC I att i SgBG I ay2 u 0qS~ Edl CaTeI Bjct i r† bs®' bCara®sE† xrµ . rdaΩ PV i lVnEtgtSggarCn U elak åk-

ecAha√ yKy u

08

ja" esnabtI sn W -Ky u CaGPV i lext®† BH®tJg M . vrI Cnrb U enH brb i N U e· da yKN u sm∫t†i cry i asm∫t†i ng i sP u aBrabsa sa lt ' c U sa lF ' M ehy I CaTI eKarBrabG ' anrbsb ' Na† ra®sE† xrµ ®KbC ' anf ' a~ k' . tSgBeI lakeLg I kant ' EM NgGPV i lexte† BlNamk elakmn i svU V nsrM akeT e®JHerOg®byT u C Ï amy Y yn Y VnecaTeLg I esrÊI ral´' f© . elak e®bs I Âga m®KbE' bbsÂga mct i s † a®s† Gbr' ®M bCara®s[ † edrI eTArkpvˬ sP u mg l [®sLajC ' ats i asna [cgVcs ' amKeI vjåtm † KtC i aFg ¨¬ my Y rt w cN M gem®tP I aBrvagExrµ ng i Exrµ [Ct i sT i~ Ï . sÂga mGavF u elakecjc∫SgCamy Y TB & edaypaÊ lx ' n Á¬ mn i faybm ' n i fa´f© . åkja" sn W -Ky u ®bmx u ext®† BH®tJg M elakmanshkarC I n M t i rbs' elakTSgGs5 ' rb U sT u EÏ tshkarl I ∫l I ∫ajkkg ¨~ cV M g M . shkarT I 1 I eQaµ H PQ U y Y Kg,' elakmn uW ‰k, elakta mg " ,' elakeTsa esam (xH¬ ehAGnßa esam) ehy I ng i elakta mena rs' . smaCk i TSg5rb U enH Ca´dsS† rbse' lakåkja"

Fa¬ bE' hlkg ¨~ Pk ~ s ' -

Âga mrabq ' S~ mkehy I @manCy & Cn M HelB I k Y yn Y Cadrab .

PQ U y Y Kg' ekt I enAPm U s i a√ yesom ®sk u fvË˚ ext®† BH®tJg M CashkarI T1 I ehy I Camns u ßGgG ' acka¬ han brb i N U e· daysl i b∫saT kabm ' n i mt u dt u mn i eqH man®VCa∆ sd M s I eM dAels I eK bEu" nC † amns u ßcl U ct i e† rOgsb∫ay ®sj I b I nc †i . elakta mg " ' ekt I enA®sk u åml u" extE† ®Bk…sßI maDF®M Tnab' ®cmHu ®sY c sm∫r¨ exAµ ®sEGm CaembJaÇ karma~ k' kabm ' n i mt u ecHbV M x M n Á¬ ya" gBt i ®Vk d. elakhn Wµ ‰k (tam‰ksarfa man®sk u eTsmn i ®Vkd) CaembJaÇ kar ka¬ hanels I BeI K‰g ®VCa∆ vag´v ÆkJk®* sKt®' sKuM mn i ecHeml I gaymt i † Pk… †i nrNaeT ehy I mn i svU ny i ayelgeps † pa† spg . Katm ' anmnG † aKm Kafaels I eKTSgGs' ecHCbB ' lKc Y Kn M c Y esAµ “ka¬ yCakgTB & km * an ecHbM Vg M xn Á¬ cl U ®byT u m Ï y Y ®sbkV ' n . cEM NktaGnßa esam ng i tamenars' ecHmnG † aKmdc U eK‰gEdr bEu" n‰ † ksarmn i VnbJaÇ kf ' a enA®sk u NaCa®su kNaeT . KatC ' amns u ßesaµ H®tgb ' p M t u ceM JHelakåkja" Ky u ehy I sb Ì ' exm ıI yn Y Nas' cl U c∫SgCamy Y yn Y mg † @ esrÊI Etkn U kg ¨~ G®gg w mn i Tk u pg . sa~ ´drbsK ' ate' Kekatxa¬ c®KbT ' s i TI .

ecAha√ yKy u

09

TB & yn Y Gg u LvË kB M g u ecjdeM NrI Cabnb † naÊ bK ' a~ BeI xt´† ®BnKr btk ' ∫a lseM dAeTAext®† BH®tJg M edm I ∫b I p M a¬ jCrM T M B & dl * ∫l I ∫ajrbse' yg I . ela kecAha√ y Ky u mn i Vndg w fa yn Y e®KagkarNC _ anQ ' e¬I xtr† bse' lak[vi naseT . elaksaµ nxs u fa va®Vfa~ vayEtTs i xaglc i beu" Naˆ H . e®kay mk®sabE' t Gk ~ ykkarNs _ ma© tr' bse' yg I nSBtm · anmk®Vbe' lakåkja" fa emTB & yn Y Gg u LvË vakB M g u Etelk I TB & mkeLamBT & eÏ xt®† BH®tJg M kg ¨~ ´fe© nHehy I . bnaÊ ne' naH elakåkja" raykarN®_ Vbe' mbJaÇ karrbse' lakTSgGs' [e®tomxn Á¬ cSkc M atB ' k Y va[ecjGsB ' T I k w dI . elakhn Wµ ‰k ng i ta mg " ' Vn erobck M ∫n Á karJrrgc ' SCae®sc [EtTB & Gg u LvË mkdlP ' a¬ m ng w bJaÇ TB & vay lk u Bb uM gg Ì ´' deLy I . embJaÇ karnm I y Y @ xG M sB ' s I mtP ƒ aB kanG ' avF u ®Kb@ ' ´d . k∫n Á TB & elak Gnßaesam e®tomceM nATs i xagt∫g Ë . k∫n Á TB & ta mg " ' enA cS®ckkNa† l . TB & elakhn Wµ ‰k ng i ta menars' enAcS®ckxageCg I . KW Tk u Etcena¬ H®ckmy Y [TB & yn Y vacl U kg ¨~ GnaÊ ke' LamBT & EÏ tbeu" Naˆ H . mn i yrU bn u" aµ nTs I mrPm U m i anclnarsr' evk I e®bobVnng w BsE' vkebk I BJr …mhaB¥H¨ sgÙrakB M g u EtreM lg I Kle' QI . kar®byT u V Ï nykTl Y ekag d®I khm e®CayGnßaeFC √I asmrPm U i Edlmanval®sLHGaceml I eXj I Ka~ eTAvj i eTAmk ®tgm ' anedm I eQm I y Y FC M asJaÔ . kar®byT u C Ï amy Y kgTB & yn Y ng i kgTB & Exrµ ®bLk Ë kabc ' akK ' a~ tamk∫n Á yu Ts Ï a®ss † my & enaH Vn®b®Bt w e† TAGsr' y:7 7yb7 ' ´f© kgTB & sa¬ bK ' reCg I elK I a~ dc U db M k U QamhrU dabeJHdrM I . my Y ´fe© ®kayeTot TB & yn Y Gg u LvË Tan´' dCagTB & Exrµ kv* ayedaH´ddkf ytamk∫n Á yT u s Ï a®s† eTAsmB M© n Y enAkg ¨~ tb M n´' ®B®kas edm I ∫rI gc ' SKa~ vabJËÇ nTB & Cn M y Y mktame®kayeTot . yn Y rte' TAVt®' bEhl3´f© k®* bml U VnK~I Ka~ Vne®cn I Cagmn u ehy I elk I mkmg † eTot t®mobk∫alKa~ dc U kNa† j' . kar®byT u V Ï ncabe' pm †I eLg I ya" gsahav . mg † enHKa~ vamankmS¬ gCagmn u mY yCaBrI . eml I eTAkg ¨~ smrPm U i BlTahanExrµ sma¬ bT ' B & yn Y dc U stB √ na¬ t' . bEu" ne† dayBm uM anTB & Cn M y Y eyg I Tn´' dCagyn Y e®cn I . emTB & ma~ k@ ' kalebI yls ' aƒ nkarNs _ k w eBlenHEbbdn u dab kb * JaÇ TB & [vayedaH´dmy Y ry : sn i .

ecAha√ yKy u

10

gakeml I eTATB & elakhn Wµ ‰k EdlkB M g u ®byT u C Ï amy Y Bk Y yn Y my Y cn M Y nFM BG uM acTbk ' mS¬ gCamy Y vaVn kb * JaÇ TB & fytamrebobyT u s Ï a®sE† dr . dkTB & fypt u ehy I elakhn Wµ ‰kks * H¨Ê eTAvalesAµ ma≈ g elk I ´d®bNm¥ QV ¬I t´d s®U tmnG † aKmbV M g M xn Á¬ ehy I rte' TAKc Y Kn M c Y esAµ e®cn I Kn M c Y Cb u eFC √I aBlesnasl i ∫ edm I ∫®I byT u t Ï TlX ' SgdeM NrI s®tvU . tam‰ksarVnbJaÇ kf ' a TB & sl i ∫rbsh ' n Wµ ‰k kalebC I b u rc Y ehy I k* E®skbnrÊ semg ¬ e®kv@bb I T rB M g®BmKa~ my Y reM Bc . TB & yn Y kalebeI Xj I TB & Exrµ e®cn I deU cH~ ®Bx W n Á¬ eLg I sm∫r¨ Kg I k  ' cgr' kkldake' mpay . bEu" ne† mva E®skKrM amkEM hg [cl U ®bLk Ë Camy Y TB & sl i ∫hn Wµ ‰kTSg®bfy u Es∫k . ®byT u V Ï nmy Y snH¨Ê Bk Y yn Y Py & sS¬ gmx u Ebkejs I eCakfa© s edaykab' ®tvU EtTgesAµ dacr' Vt " r' Vy " ehy I keM TcesAµ enaH ehrI cl U EPk ~ Bk Y va bNa† l[QamhrU ®tVj' rkeml I Ts i tb M nG ' B √I euM Xj I esaHeLy I . elakhn Wµ ‰k eXj I sPaBkarNd _ eU ca~ H kc * l U eTA®bLk Ë Camy Y Tahanyn Y Etma~ k‰ ' g eTot . Bk Y va®tvU sa¬ bK ' reCg I elK I a~ eday≤TB Ïi lrbsh ' n W µ ‰k . ebeI yg I gakeTAeml I elakta mg " ' mg † vj i kalebeI Xj I elakhn W µ ‰k semH¬ yn Y Etma~ k‰ ' gdeU cH~ Katk ' b * JaÇ TB & rbsK ' at' [eTACy Y ya" gbnaÊ nr' hU tdlT ' ahanyn Y Tbk ' mS¬ gteTAeTotmn i Vn kn * SKa~ rt®' VsGayu VteCg I s®JtEtmg † . eTaHb®I tvU TTl Y braCy & ya" gGama" sd ' eU cH~ ke* day kT * B & Gaecaryn Y Qa¬ n Jn B®uM BmdkfyeTA®kg u evv" j i Edr KeW nAbgb ˚ x ' n Á¬ kg ¨~ ´®Be®sag rc Y catK ' a~ va [nSsareTA®Vbe' cAha√ yFM edm I ∫s I C uM n M y Y kgTB & mkeTot . cEM NkTB & Exrµ eyg I e®kayBV I nTTl Y eCaKCy & edaysa~ ´ddk * B M l U rbsh ' n Wµ ‰kmk elakecAha√ yKy u sb∫ayct i N † as' ke* robcB M F i C I be' lo gya" gK®Kk w Ke®Kg edm I ∫eI lk I Tk w ct i y † T u C Ï nesh ~ aCati .