Gene mutation

Gene Mutation AGB 121 Dept. Of AGB Veterinary College, Bangalore

Molecular Genetics Chromosome

Cell

DNA Nucleus

Nucleotides

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

mRNA

Protein

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Properties of DNA

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Amino acid chain

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Properties of Genetic code

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Gene Mutation • Any heritable change in the genetic material • Sudden change in the gene or genotype involving the alteration in the genetic material

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Classification of gene mutation Based on Type of cells 1.Somatic mutation 2.Gametic mutation Molecular changes 1. Point mutation i. Same sense ii. Non sense iii. Mis sense iv. Frame shift

2.Structural Mutation i. Transition ii.Transversion Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Molecular mutation

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Point mutation i. Same sense ii. Non sense iii. Mis sense iv. Frame shift

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Frame shift mutation

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Structural Mutation • Transition mutation • Transversion mutation

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Induced Mutation • Radiation : a. Ionizing radiation i) Single strand Breakage - Repairable ii) Double strand breakage iii) Alteration in nucleotide bases b. Non ionizing radiation :U-V rays Thymine dimer causing distortion of double helix Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Induced Mutations

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

DNA damage

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Chemical mutagens • Base analog mutants: Produces mutation during DNA replication – 5 bromouracil is a base analog to Thymine A=T results in A=Bu • Chemical reactants: Produces mutagenesis in both replicating and non replicating DNA Nitrous acid convert the amino group of Adenine , Cytosine and Guanine to Keto group Hence Hydrogen bonding properties of the bases changes AT GC Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore

Thank you

Dr R Jayashree, Asst. Prof(AGB) Veterinary College, Bangalore