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THE
EDITED BY EOIN MAC NEILL. Vo,f. 2.
I
No. 6.
SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 1915.
(New Series.) ·
NOT . ES
I
----------------Whatever forms of excitement may prevail in neighbouring countries at present, things in Ireland are fairly at a stand . Even controversy has ceased to be· excited or exciting: One result of the war will be that it will give the Irish people some months to think, to look around them, and to ask themselves how is old Ireland and how does she 'stand?
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Nationalists. The factious conduct of certain felon-setters will not be forgotten · when the time comes for settlement. 'rhere is one thing that is not standing still-the taxation of Ireland. It is silently but surely eating its way into the scanty resources left us. 'rlie Chancellor of the Exchequer says that he is spending Forty-five Million Pounds every month on the war. Of this expenditure, Irela,.nd has to pay what some people call" her share." Ireland's "share" is ~mewhere about two or three millions per month.
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Price One Penny.
British prosperity. L et it be proved that the war means prosperity for Ireland. I£ that cannot be proved, if it appears, on the contrary, that some of the most urgent and important factors in the· prospective prosperity of Ireland are certain ·to suffer deadly injury from the increased expenditure, surely it is only the simplest matter of fair play that Ireland should not be forced· to bear any increased burden.
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Of the forty-five millions per month, how much exactly is spent in Ireland .as compared ·w ith the expenditure in Great Britain?
We have often been told that the British Empire is a ·great business conThe signs are that the Irish people are * * * cern, and the Union Jack is the fin est thinking, looking around, and asking 4¥-ithin tlm!Jrrst few days therenave trade ass-et- in the world". - "'l'he presen questiop.s . Wild words fall on deaf ears. been outcries from various quarters in Ireenormous expenditure has been justified No15ody wants to hear any more shouting land against the withholding of public a hundred times on purely business denunciations of fellow-Irishmen. The moneys to which Ireland is entitled-the grounds . Let us be business Imperialists demand in certain quarters for the mainfor th.e moment, and let us put ourselves stoppage of Board of Works loans, the tenance of political machinery in its most the business question : "What will Ire- denial of the £40, 000 already voted for rigid form is an open admission that the land's share be in the profits, if any, of Irish Intermediate education, the cessafate of Home Rule still hangs in the this huge expenditure of ·which she has to tion of expenditure under the Congested balance, and that the so-called New Era Districts Board. And it has been bear a proportion?" has not yet begun ./ suggested that a new organisation should be formed of tenants who are excluded * * * * * * The prospect,of profit is in the increase fron;i land purchase . .The less we hear about the New Era or preservation of international trade. the better. There ·i s no <flavour of a New How much will be allowed to come Ire* * * I£ these people, dwellers in the imEra, but a very distinct taste of the Old land's way? Mr. Winston Churchill says Era about certain things tha,t have been that Cork Harbour is the gateway of the poverished districts, tenants of unpurhappening in Ireland recently . News- most important trade route in the world. chased agricultural and town holdings, papers silenced. Honest men evicted It is a gateway marked "No thorough- teachers in Intermediate Schools, etc ., from their livelihood. . That does not fare." We should demand and keep de- imagine that their feeble protests in tha sound new. Irish Volunteers have been manding an answer to the question, what Irish Press are going to divert public victimised for the offence of adhering to retmn can Ireland count on from the many money in their direction, they are .certheir public programme and policy. millions that she has to pay for this enter- tainly living in a fools' paradise . There Unionist Volunteers are allowed to pro- prise? is one hope for them, and only one . They claim openly 'their adherence to a policy of • • • must adopt a thorough and determined I have already pointed out, wh at others National policy. At present they are not resistance to the State, and are encouraged "'·ith, honours and promotions . A young'· have failed to point out, that the Boer listened .to, because we are in an Imperial girl is thrown into jail for advertising War had disastrous results for Irish land crisis . But an Imperial .crisis should furthe plea of t he Liverpool "Weekly. Post" purchase and town tenants' purchase. nish the best of reasons for their being that Irishmen ought to fight so that Eng- Already, when· all is reckoned, the present listened to , if they mak~ it plain that they lishmen may stay at home and capture war has cost as much as the Boer War cost are not to be trifled with. Whether the trade . . 'l'hat does not look like a. New Era . during several years . What hope does British Empire is a business concern or a this hold out for future purchase pro- political concern, it has to justify itself speats? before every country that · it claims as a The worst aspect of these .o ccurrences is partner. * * that such things would not have been Let us put a plain case . Great Britain . * * dared in Ireland, now of all times, but pays for war because the people are conTaking Ireland as a business concern, for the encouragment given by professing vinced that the war is necessary for the best investment Ireland can possibly
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TH E IRI SH VOLUNTEER.
make, her. best security against exploitation and impoverishment, is . the creation of a thorough system of National defence . When Ireland took the business of National defence· into her own hands, within a few years of the time when Dean Swift wrote that she had "nothing left that's worth defence," her prosperity began to increase by leaps and bounds. The corruption and bamboozlement of men who stood in the place of responsible leaders of the nation destroyed the N a.tional defence· and was followed by the destruction of N ationa1 ljberty and National prosperity. 'l'ha.t should be enough of a warning. Eorn MAc NEILL.
ITHE USE OF COVER.1
I <;YCLIST TRAINING I Cyclist drill is for cyclists mounted, or dismounted and wheeling the cycle. Except when forming column of r~ute cyclists drill dismounted in single rank.
ing in succession on reaching some given point, distance being preserved, as far l\S possible. When in twos or in file no m~n should mount until the man in front is mounted. Proficiency in mounting and dismounting is most important, and should be frequently practised . While it is essential that cyclists should close up before dismounting, care must be taken that machines do not overlap, as this greatly interferes with any subsequent movement.
A cycle len1gthi is a term of measurement (6 feet).
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DRILL . GENERAL .
Th.e position 0 f the cyclist at atte1ntion is the same as that of the infantry soldier except that he grasps the left steering handle with the left hand and places the right hand on the point of the saddle, elbow to t he rear. A cyclist standing or leading his machine will sa lute with the right hand, returning the hand to the point of the saddle on completion of the salute: if mounted he will salute by turning the head and eyes towards the officer. A party of cyclists on the march will salute on the command Eyes Right (or Le.ft) from the commander of the party. Fro·nt is commanded when the salute is acknowledged . The cyclist will take up his own Dr·ess.. ing from the man · on- the directing flank (right, uniess otherwise ordered), moving his machine backwards or forwards in the most convenient manner. A cycle interval is 4 feet from the top tube of a machine to the top tube of that on the right or left~ 1
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The rea_l use for taking cover is so as to be able to fire easily and effectively at the enmy . But if you are advancing you must not halt too long in good cover: it is more important t o close on the enemy quickly and steadily. Advance from cover to cover, and when about to advance from one cover select the point of cover in adva.n ce· ttou intend to make for next. ' Practice . springing up .from a prone position behind shelter and runnino· at . • . b top speed to the next position and throw ing yourself behind it. Remember if you run rapidly towards the enemy you offer him a . very poor target . You can also advance by cr awling or by lying on the left side and pushing yourself forward with the right leg, meantime holding your rifle in the right hand . These last two methods are good for short distances where the ground is broken. Practice aiming and trigger-squeezing in the prone, sitting, kneeling, an d crouching positions, firing from behind hillocks, rocks, trees, heaps of earth, from depressions, gullies, ditches, doorways, and windows . When possible fire around the right side of your cover (or round the left side if you fire from the left shoulder) . When this is not possible raise enough to aim over the top: don't simply stick up your rifle and fire at random . vVhen fired on when acting alone, drop - to the ground, seek cover and try to locate the enemy.
St. Enda's College, RATHFARNHAM.
A BOARDING AND DAY SCHOOL FOR CATHOLIC BOYS. H eadmasterP. H. PEAR SE , B. A., .Barrister-at- Law.
Classes Resume MONDAY, 11th JAN. For Prospectus apply to the Headmaster.
Saturday, January 9, 1915 .
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DUBLIN CITY AND CO. BOARD .
at .
Lectures for officers will be resumed. 41 Kildare Street at 7.30 p.m. on Saturday, 9th inst. The first lecture will be given by Mr . E. O'Duffy on· " 'l'he Company in Attack." Cyclists and Cycle Scouts of the Dublin Companies are to inobilise at Lu~k . at 12 noon on Sunda.y, January 17th. Rations are to be carried. A despatch rider from each Company is to attend at 41 Kildare Street, between 7 and 8 p .m . on Fridays.
T . SLATER, Hon. Sec. (pro . tern .)
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BELFAST VOLUNT E ERS.
FIELD WORK- SCOUTING.
In accordance with the scheme of work officially outlined for Irish Volunteers, the Belfast Committee arranged a special . parade on Sunday, 20th inst . The muster was fixed for 10.30 a .m., and the men GROUNDING, STACIGNG, AND MOUNTmoved off a quart er of an hour later . On ING, &c. arriving at the Black Mountain, the men l. Cro1md-Cycles. Take a pace to were divided into t\rn groups, the smaller the left, place the machine carefully on --defending-under Commander O'Cealthe ground and come to Attention. R e- laigh. A half-hour 's grace ·was given, move the lamp firs t if there is danger of and the attack then began, under the its being broken. command of Gathal Mac Dubhghall. In 2. Take up-Cycles. Raise the cycle, spite of the very bad \Veather conditions step to the right, an·d corn.e to A.ttention. the work was carried out with great 3. Stac.k - Cycles. On the word effi ciency and enthusiasm, and much " stack," odd numbers move round in hitherto unsuspected scouting ability was rear of and to the right side of their displayed . 'l'here ·was a thick fog,-the machines . On the command " cycles " limit of vision being a-bout · 50 yards at each two will incline their cycles towards most-which added to the natural diffieach other . The front wheels are turned culties, and the ground was frozen . Howout, the handle bars locked and the men ever, the men showed surprising aptitude come to Attention. Rifles are first de- in availing themselves of cover, and as a . tached and are leaned against tlrn saddles. -whole., proved very capa.b le . The work, 4. Unstaok- Cycles . Each man will according to the O.C ., was" in every way grasp his machine and unlock the handle 1rnrthy of trained soldiers." The ·special parade fo~ field work is arhar. Odd numbers move rotincl in rcai< ranged for Sunday, January 10th, 191&, and to the left of their cycles . when a very large programme of work is 5. Mount and to be carried through. Every Volunteer 6. Di smount are accomplished in the is expected to attend sharp to time . Place quickest and most convenient way as of meeting and time ~f start will . be each ma.n is accustomed. announced ~t the various parades during . Cyclists should be practised in mount- this week,
Saturday,
THE iRiSH VOLUN TEE R.
J a.n uary 9, 1915.
l!-;.m_o_c_·u_'°'_1_R_1m __ re_. 1_n,.... ...::IIL _ _T_H_E_W_A_R_,_.._;I J ust now at the commencement of a new year is a.n ~.ppropriate t ime to look back at the course of the war up to the· present, and to form some estimate of_ the fut ure. Of actual military operat10ns there has been rather less news than usual durino· the past week . In Asia and the Servi:n theatre tJ:ere has been little activity . In France and F landers things have resumed the old course of local attack and counter-attack, and the only field in which opera.tions have not been remitted is Poland. There t he Germans are still progressing, though slowly and partially. They have, however, resumed t he offensive in the Mlawa r egion north of Warsaw, where t he Russian s had • • o·ained some advantages . The garrison ~f Przemysl is showing r enewed activity c1onn, 45ur t:.& c.u m .'15.1.mn A5ur rmn '15 in sorties . In E ast Prussia there are no e1 11 se t:u111re.'1c ceAnA rem. 'G.& cum elte operations at all, and 'it is evident that the Russians have been compelled to re45.drnn ..15ur rmn · A5 cd1ttedril<.\1n A11 inforce their main army in Southern m1rnis. 'G.& cum elte -<\5.1.mn '15ur rrnn '15 Poland by calling in all their available e111E;e mi-to1E;'OEMC. " 1r c11u'11t> t10m m "-11 detachments as far as avaibble. obA111 i," Al1r'1 'Oume. "1r b.1.0SAt 'Oom mo Upon the whole the military advantages . rt1:E;e t'.>edtA 'OO Cd1tteAril'11n 'O.& b.01111," so far lie with the central empires, even dflrd "Oume e1te. " 1r mdtl t10m m.1.tt '1"C.&- t hough those advantages are not of the 1mi'O 45 bo5.1'0 cum cmn,'' Aflr' An t:ttedr sweeping · kind that the Germans, more particularly, h ad hoped fo r . In t he W est 'OU1ne. 1r '06Cd 50 mbionn ruAtt, FU.111-te, they a.re firmly fixed in Belgium and .45Ur tt6-te 1 nSdC dOn Ob'1111. nf te1flt\'Oe north-eastern France, and t here is small .dn ob.1111 ..ton 'Oe'n 'Cl11Ufl rrn. probability that the Allies will be a.ble force them out . From right to left the f! . .• • German front is covered by the canal .6.n t:e n..ic· tiru1t re 'Oe m1rneAc Ann . system of Flanders, t hen ·by the enorteAmi'IArn 'Oo'n Af\m nUA1f\ 'Oo-ci re An t:-.011m mously strong ''iJOsition on t he h eights 1 n 5 uA1r, ni t:11e1r1'0e 4\n t:-A11m An t:e rm. ,,, immediat ely nort h of t he Aisne, then by m rei'Oll1 m1rne 4 c 'Oo cu111 5ctAt>A111e. m t he ·difficult Ar gonne country, and lastly · ~ 6 ·t bv the oTeat fo rtr esses of Metz and Strassrel'Olf\ An ctd'OA111e 'OO 51110Nv, 111 ~1 An b~rg. "'Any att~mpt t o t urn the left flank rPtAnnc beo Ann. fAnAt> nd CtA'OA1l11 AmAC can be. met and held in the narrow gap uA1nn . .6.11 :.in t:Aot'.> Am ms 'red'O 1r redl1l1 lA'O. bet ween. the. two g1·eat strongholds . The nu.'1111 '00 CU111eAmdl1 dn Ob.1111 fO 11A n0 5 t.&c Al1 bun, t:.& t:UltteA'O A:Sur bt1A°OA1n o torn Ann, 1r "06CA 50 11.1.t'.>.1.m,, 11 "0.&111!111t'.> . mtind mbe1mfr '0.&111!111t'.> ni C.11tr1mir .11'1 0111eA"O "Oe 'Out11dc"C A:Sur "Oe '01.1n-rAot.dl1 te1r dn obd1111r 'Oo CA1tedm ..,11. 'Oo tu15 edm'111 5 0 m61t Cd"O "OO t'.>i Udrnn . 'Oo tu15 ed~dl1 nAc tiru1s1nt>e An ni rm 5An 'Ou.o'O . 'Oo tu15edm.011 n.1.c 1 5cA1teMh t.oe dril.&m n.& reAC'Crildrne· dtil.&m n.& bt1d'Ond dril.&m "O'fe'1'0r.11'0e An obA111 -Oo S'1tldmA11 te n-A11 n-'11r 'Oo tdtl.'1111t: cum c11ice. 'Oo tU15 eAm'111, m.& ti! Aon t:U15rm"C 10nn.drnn 1 n-don co11, 50 11'11tl ObA111 'Oe1c m'bt1A°OAn 110rild1nn.
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-On '011on5 d"C.& '15 e1tt1se "Cu1ttredc A5ur dn 'Of\ons dt:.& '15 e1ttF;e mi-ro15"0eAc, t:m5'111 bun 1 'Ot:i11 ind tirmt ru11m6tt nA n'OAome · medtt:d 'Oe t'.>dtttl te1ttr5tt1ori:::'1 '15ur dnrm.1.Ct:d A ndriM'O. -On fAf'o 'Oo rittedr n.1.C tt.011'.> udmn .1.Ct: Attm btte15e. "OO · t'.>i nd mitt:e '15 b'11t1uE;.1'0 cu5A1nn 1rt:edc :S.1.C t.&. nu.1111 "Oo conn.1.Ct:df 50 ttAt'.>dmdtt '0.&1tti111ti 'Oo t:ornU1E;e.1'0 '1111mtedct: udmn . f1ttr1u A t.&n "O..itl 1mt15 r6f, m.& teAn'11mi"O-ne "Oe'n ob.1111. m ct'1'0'11tti .o t'.>ru11m6tt, '1ct: 1r 5niorildtttd1l'.> 1n'01U , 6'r ni e n.&tt ctedct:d'Odtl rem fl1'1ril .1.Ct: Cdlnnt::. nuA1l1 ciredf r1'1'0 50 t'.>ru1t "Ce1pte Al' dn 5c.'11nn"C, tu1sr.m 1rt:edc tmne '15Uf 'OedntA1mi"O 5nioril te C~1te . bimir-ne '5'11' n-ultrilu:E;d'O rem 1 5corild1l1 An tde ti'O . p .<5.'0R.6.1C m-0c P1.6.R-01S.
rio,ht rests on t he sea, and no piercing "' . of t he centre can be accomplished except by enormous n umbers used with unwavering r esolut ion . At present the Allies have not the n umbers, and so far they have not displayed any very marked capacity to press a persistent attack where it is a. case of huge numbers . Up to the present t heir offensive moves_ have been al to o·ether of a local character . Coming "' . to the right we find t he fl ank .;restm g on t he sea. And in spite of all the efforts of the British fleet the Germans have apparently succeeded in fortifying the coast from Bla.nkenber ghe, Zeebrugge, H eyst, on towar ds Knocke and t he Dutch frontier . As far . as can be judged their flotilla. base at Zeebrugge seems to be capable of resisting any ships of sufficiently shallow draught to stand inshore and bombard it. In rear of their present position the Germans have the ·fortresses of Maubeuge, Antwerp, Namur, and Liege, as well as their own. These will
hold out longer in their hands than in those of the Allies, because the latter have no mobile siege artillery to reduce them in the same short order. In addition the industrial regions of Belgium and France are being gradually ruined, and this will eventually prove a trnmp card for the Germans. W hat reinforcements can the Allies look to in the West to fo rce -a German withdrawal from Belgium? Belgium for her pa.rt will be hard put to it to keep her forces at their present figure . France has still some troops remaining, but only of inferior quality and ill-fitted for a vigorous offensive campaign. It must be remembered that France-precisely because she trains a far bigger proportion of her male population than. Germany, has a much smaller prol?ortion al reserve. R ecent informal ut t erances of j apanese statesmen and the dissolution of the J apanese Parliament over the projected army increases seem to show plainly enough that Japan. has no mind to be brought to E urope to fight battles for anyone : Japan has secured 'vhat she entered t he war for. There remain t he Eno·lish reinforcements . These aJ:e nu~1erous enough, but of course, t heir quality will be immeasurably inferior to that of the original regular army. 'l'hey will lack officers especially, and in artillery-most necessary for an offensive war in Belgium, their infeTiority will be very marked indeed . Naturally the later German "bans" will not be equal to t he others, either. But t heir -inferiority will be less marked, for three reasons : A good · proportion of the German male population escapes the conscription, which leaves a large number of able-bodied-no~ old. m~n to draw upon ; t he Germ an 'syst em provides better facilities for training these a:nd there are fuller supplies of material on hand. For these reasons, then , it is clear t hat the task of the Allies in an offensive campaign in the W est is extraordinarily difficult. And it is no wonder that Russia is regarded as the force from whom a decision is to be looked fo r . But so far there is no sign of this. The struggle in Poland is not at any definite sta,ge, but at the time of writ ing it is certainly not favo urino· t he Russians. Nor can it be "' said that t he Russians are likely t o get any stronger: Russia is not well circum~ stanced to avail herself of her reserves, Details are now to hand of t he sea-fight off the Falkland I slands, in which Von Spee's fl eet was destroyed . It appear s that there were on t he E nglish side t he, battle-cruisers " Invincible" and "In~ fl exible," the presence of which made it absolutely hopeless for the Germans from the start. 'l'he amazing thing is how t he German armoured ships stood up to t he terrible pounding- one for three hours, the other for five. Manifestly the workmanship and construction of t he German
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(Continued on page 7.)
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1HE IAISH V·OLUNTEER,
Saturday, Jani.ul.l·y 9, 1915.
BOMBARDMENT HAWKES & SON OF
Foreign-Manufactured Goods
THE RECOGNISED
AT
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LARKI N'S LITTLE HOUSE For big Value in CHANDLERY TOBACCO, CIGARB'l"l'JijS, etc'. Irish Goods a Speciality. WEXFORD STREET, DUBLIN.
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1\fo.tto was-Never let the grass grow under your feet, keep moving. .
VOLUNTEERS' Motto should be-Never let your whiskers 0rrrow keep moving them with a good razor. ' Prices !J. f · to 7 / 6. C~pe1I St.,
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All literary communications for the "Irish Volunteer" should be addressed in future to VOLUNTEER HEADQUAR~RS, · 41 Kildare Street, DUBLIN. All communications re Adnrtisements to be addressed to the IRISH PRESS BUREAU, 30 Lr. Abbey Street, DUBLIN.
Irish Volunteer. Par 1bu~t7~. st., .·The · SATURDA"i, JANUARY 9, 1915.
Hopkins & Hopkins Wristlet Watches. Highest Crade Lever Mo·vemen,ts. PRICES LOWEST ·POSSIBLE FOR CASH.
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PR 0 P RI ET 0 R,
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'l'elephon-:No. 12.
The Central Executive of the Irish Volunteers met a.t Headquarters on vVednesday evening, 30th December, Mr. P.H. Pearse presiding. The Director of Training reported that the draJt Syllabus of Training would be ready for submission to the Executive within a week . The Director of Organisation was authorised to ·prepare a Recruiting Scheme for 1915 . Captain' Mellows, Organ{sing Officer, reported on the efficiency of Companies in vVestmeath, King's Co., Queen's Co ., and Kilkenny. Progress was reported · in connection with the working out of the Communication Scheme. Headquarters, 41 Kildare Street, Dubli:µ , 30th Dec., 1914. NOTES FROM B:EADQUAR'l'ERS. THE NEW YEAR .
1914 was a year of pioneering: 1915 is to be a year of construction. In 1914 we needed only countge: in 1915 we shall
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the rarer and ll)..Ore valuable thing, grit. .It was easy to start the Irish Volunteers: it will be difficult to make them a really effective i~ilita~y force . But that is exactly the task 'that lies before us in 1915. H the Irish Volunteers are not an effective military force they · are useless, and worse than useless, they are dangerous. H we did not m.ea.n to make thell'.l ;:i.n e.:ffective military, force w~ were wro:µg tQ start' them. - But we did mean to make them an effective niilita,ry force. It remains for us to fulfil . our intention, . .
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IS EFFICIE~CY?
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What is to be our definition of Volunteer efficiency? Obviously, ability to accomplish ' the bl5ject for which the force was established. The force was not established to bolster up any political party. It was not established to afford its members a.n ag-reeable relaxation. It was not established to do deeds of knighterrantry in foreign countries. It was established to wiu Irish rights and to g uard them when won . It was established, in other words, to fight in Ireland if and when it becomes necessary to fight. · By Irish Vo!unteer efficiency, therefore, we mean efficiency to fight on Irish soil subject to the advantages and to the disadvantages entailed by all our circumstances of time and place,- the fact that we are Volunteers, not Regulars; recent recruits, not veterans; infantrymen (or, at best, mounted infantrymen) only, without for the present the aid of cavalry, artillery, or machine gun sections; as yet only partialJy armed, with ammunition scarce; led by amateurs, not by professional soldiers; bound to act on ·the defensive, not on the offensive ;- with all these, and other, circumstances fully in view, we have to set up for ourselves a standard of efficiency and to work resolutely and
THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.
Saturday, January 9, 1915.
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grimly from week to week and from month to month until we attain to that standa1·d . And it is our own standard we must seek after, and not any -other standard . Other standards, ~ither British or German, will only mislead us . ·with all oui· own limitations and needs in mind, we must work out our own Scheme of Organisation, our own Scheme of 'l'rainmg, our own Scheme of Strategy and Tactics . W 01rn: FOR 1915. An Organisation Scheme adapted, as it is hoped, to Volunteer needs has already been promulgated : it remains to make it a fact. The matter of Training is engaging the earnest attention of the Headquarters Staff, and a Syllabus of Training will shortly be -i ssued. This Training Scheme must be ,got · going during the early weeks of 1915. We may sum it up in a sentence by saying that its object "·ill be to convert our loose and partia'.l lytrained groups of Volunteers into so many mobile and disciplined bodies of ri:flemenscouts. These, then, are the· essentials of Volunteer efficiency- mobility, disciline, scouting, markmanship . Everything else is important in proportion as it conduces to effieiency in one of these·.
I
IRISH BATTLES. ·
III.- 'rHE BA'l"l'LE OF KINSALE. Hugh O'Neill had been waging a war upon the whole successfully for . some half-dozen years when Mountjoy became Viceroy in the year 1600. He had turned his relatively feeble resources to such good account that the vastly gl'eater part of Ireland was lost to the English. But Mountjoy's coming changed all this : the new Viceroy realised that resolute use of his great advanta.ges should reasonably ensure victory, and he had the requisite military capacity to pursue such a policy. Moreover, he aimed--and with successto stir up the old tribal animosities that O'Neill' s wonderful shrewdness and address had partially laid to rest. The result was that his first year in office saw O'Neill losing ground everywhererapidly in the South and even in the North gradually. So that- when the
Now. We look to the Companies to get into the swing of work right now. The Christmas holidays ended with the last night of the old year, and the New Year's work ought. to have commenced with proper verve and ela.n on·N ew Ye~" s Day . There must be no i:rrtermediate· pefioa -df ·hal · work and . half-play. Start off here and now with' definite objectives and firm resolve · to reach the 'objectives . Every Volunteer an _·efficient · rifleman-scout; SIE.CE. AND BATTL.E. OF . KIN'SALE every Company a mobile, disciplined, and as far a.s possible self-contained unit of SEP!" 2.3 - D EC 24 1601 such riflemen-scouts; every Battalion a similarly mobile, disciplined, and self- . Spanish Army landed at Kinsale at the contained association of such Compa~ies: end of September, 1601, they had no these are the objectives to be reached in immediate adherents and had to await the arrival of the Ulster chiefs . 1915. To DuBLIN Co MP ANIES. The Spanish forces numbered someThere has been some slackness in the thing over 3,000 men under the command attendance and punctua1ity of the Dublin of Don Juan de Aguila, and the English Companies during the past few weeks, garrison evacuated the town- then a due doubtless to the pressure of Christ- small place of 200 houses- on their apmas overtime on so many memhe-rs. Now · proach. The Spanish General immedithat Christmas is past, large and punctual ately set to work to stre~gthen the demusters must be the order . The Director fences of the town and also manned the of Organisation is signalling the New two works, Rincorran and Castlepark, Year by a tour of inspection of Dublin commanding the harbour entrance. · Companies, which commenced on Mon- Mountjoy, collecting all available forces day, Jan . 4th, and will report to the and summoning reinforcements, marched Executive on the strength and efficiency at once to Kin sale, hoping to crush of the Companies visited. A proposal for Aquila before any rising in his favour a general meeting of Dublin Volunteers took place in Munster. About the middle to be addressed on behalf of the Execu- of October he had 10, 000 men before the tive on the various branches of Organisa- town and a squadron off the coast. The ticin a.n d Training will probably take con- capture of the Rincorran fort allowed the crete shape in a week or two. This plan ships to come in and aid in a general of detailed inspection and conference will bombardment . Later on CasHepark ·also subsequently be extended to the pro- - fell, and all the heights around the town . were in Mountjoy's hands. · Even so, De vmces. COMMENCE
5
I
Aquila, 1y vigorous and well-timed sorties, inflicted great damage, and managed to keep the heavy batteries well away, besides repulsing one heavy assault. Meantime O'Neill and O'Donnell on the one side and the English Government on the other were both hurrying troops to Kinsale as the decisive point. Six thousand men, with ample cannon and stores of all kinds , came from England, and early in November O'Donnell was on his way southward with s~me 2,500 tried men. Carew was detached to intercept him ·by Mountjoy with about 4,000, and advanced to Cashel, posting himself in the direct line . of O'Donnell's march . Now, on O'Donnell's right or western flank were the Slieve F'elim mountains, the surface of which the incessant rains had made wet, miry, and absolutely im-
0
MOUN-TJ OY S FIRST EN CAMl'T
passable . But by great good fortune an exceedingly heavy .frost came on that night; and Red Hugh, . breaking camp in the middle of the night; threw his entire force· off the main road and across the now passable mountains. By an extraordinary and forced march, and abandoning some of his baggage, he reached Croom, in the present County of Limerick- 40 English miles in124 hours. He was then well beyond the reach of Carew, who fell back to Kinsale. He was now in a position to rally to himself any disaffected chiefs of West Munster, and was joined by a second Spanish force of 700, under Alorzo de O'Campo, which had landed at Castlehaven. Establishing him- · self at Bandon, he isolated Mountjoy's army on that western side. This was the. state of affairs for about a month when on the 19th of December O'Neill's advanced troops were obseryed on the hills to the north of the English camp, occupying the road to Cork. 'rhe Viceroy's army was now itself virtually surrounded, and it was O'Neill's policy
1'1-1 E' ·1RI SH VOLUNTEER. infautry the Viceroy held iu reserve, merely keepiug them in readiness in the lish· coutingents of Mou11tjoJ;' s army, au cl ceuhe. It was Iol'tunate that he did so, the constaut harassing sallies of the for O'Neill, after the re1rnlse of Cla.nSpauia nls kept them unable to get repose, .rickard ' s hor. e, moved fonrnrd his o\vn while on the land side all communication · centre with the object of , eparating the "·as cut off. O' Donnell, however, and two wings of Mount joy's force . 'l'he many of the Southern chiefs were for an English general thereupon brought up his immediate attack, and De Aquila was of reserve a.nd charged home on a section of the same mind . Accordingly a concerted O'Neill's centre, ,,-ith the result that all t hat body fell back and took post on a plau of attack was decided on. O' Neill was to make an attack iu full height to the rear. A.t the same time force ou the English lines on the night of Clamickard, strougly r einforced, charged December 23rd, and De Aquila was to and routed the Irish cavalry and then make a sortie upon becoming aware of wheeled in on the flank of the corps he his approach. It is proba.b le t hat Mount - had previously charged unsuccessfully; joy h ad intelligence of the projectE2d at- and this time with complete succes·s. tack , and had in consequence doubled his The centre was uext attack ed vigorously guard and held his men in r eaainess aml dispersed . O'Campo 's Spaniards and though not actually ·u nder arms. At all that sterling soldier Tyrrnll made a de<:vents a good watch was being kept and termined stand and were practically cut be was warned in good time tha.t the to pieces; the Spanish officer being made frish were advancing with matches lit-- prisoner an_d Tyrrell just contriving to . the fl ashes sho"-ing in tlrn darkness . escape. The Irish lost almost 2,000 men Mouutjoy had his measures taken before- with arms aud baggage, but there was 110 haud: the enemy had to advance . by a . pursuit beyond t he battlefield. In Kinsale, · meanwhile,- Don· J'lrnn Lall marshy hollow with only one ford pi·ac~ been standing to arms for hours waiting ticable for cavalry, and this he had enfoi.· . some sigu of activity . At length trenched . 'l'he ground beyond thislong after clay light came the commotion across which the- Irish must pass to the of Mountjoy's force retuming, which he attack- was commanded by cannou, and mistook for the noise of an engagement. certain r egiments were quickly called up He led out his men but quickly perceived to hold the position . As Mount.joy's that things were not as he thought and cavalry approached the ford, O'Neill_:_ guessed the 'result . A. week later he surfinding surprise out of the questionrendered the place upon honourable drew back his leading detachment a little terms. to enable the whole column . to close up. Mount joy thereupon or.dered.CJt!'ew .tQ reGoMMEN'l;s'. . turn and -take command of tb:'e troops in . O'N:eill.' s · 1·~ut-~by s~~h an inferior the line · before Kinsale, while he in per- force- O'Campo gave the Insh numbers son, with about 1,200 foot and 500 horse, at 6,000 foot and 500 horse-is not as followed up the Irish. A.bout a mile astonishing as it seems at ··first sight. H e forth.er on he came up 11·ith them. It was 1>as calculating on sua:prising Mountjoy then broad daylight . and instead _foi,rncl himself surprised . His .'· O'NeiU's infantry was in three bodies, · ·force was of very mixed · quality, practhe cavalry in a fourth , the front covered tically only O'Donnell's contingent, •by a bog. The actual conduct of the Tyrrell ' s veterans, · and O'Campo's Spanfight on the other side fell to t.he Marshal iards being good -troops; an d these were Sir Richard Wingfield, who acted to in part unsteadied by their untrained Mountjoy much in the capacity of a Chief auxilia.ries: the Viceroy, on the other of Staff. This officer, advancing with hand, had picked troops and his best Clanrickard and 100 horse, threw out as officers . It was, as a matter of fact, inskirmishers 100 men of the first infantry advisable to attack at all: it would have that came to hand. These were driven beeri much sounder ·to sit down and back by skirmishers thrown out from isolate the Viceroy, an easy task and one O' Neill's centre, until reinforced by a which would have allowed of some degree . second hundred, with which addition of training being imparted to the worththey succeeded in driving back the Irish . less levies of the Munster chiefs. Kinskirmishers . Meantime Mount.joy's other sale was sufficiently provided for months troops were hurrying up as quickly as and the severe weather was killing possible, and Clanrickard essayed a Mountjoy's troops in dozens . The battle charge on the left one of the three bodies gives us a. striking proof of t he danger of of infantry, which was, however, re- night attacks: such should never be pulsed . They were followed up by the attempted with poor troops, and the Irish cavah y, but not so vigorously as to ground should 'always be reconnoitred as suff er much loss . thornughly as possible beforehand . In On the other flank , with the bog extend- addition on t his occasion the night was 1ng · around their right, stood O'Campo desperately wet and dark : some authoriand Tyrrell, whom Mountjoy engaged ties even say that t he Irish lost their 11-ith the last of his infantry detachments way, but this is not certain. All Mountto come up . '!'he seconq body of his joy's measures were · good: his careful
to continue in this fashion. 'l'he severe weather was playii.tg havq~ " :ith tlle. Eng'-
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'Saturday, January 9, 1915. seleetion and preparation of a defensive position, his follo"ing up of the retiring euemy, t he vigorous holding attacks with such for ces as he had available, his keepiug a r eserve in hand, and using it llll hesitatingly at th.e proper moment . Many Irish writers make a scapegoat of De Aquila, but surely, in engaging the attention of all the English forces in Irebncl for three months he fa irly did his part.
I TACTICAL P~OBLEMS. I The Editor has ·decided to publish a series of 'l'actical Problems, and he · requests Irish Volunteern to send in their solutions . 'l 'he solutions sent in will be discussed in a. subsequent issue of the ImsH VoLUNTEER and helpful criticism and suggestions given . This is not a competihou and no prizes for the best solutious will be given- it is just part of the work of this paper in helping the Volunteers to become trained . We hope that many of our readers will send us their solutions. 'l'hey will find it· very useful.
GENERAL IDEA. A. Red rforce is .engaged in . l;mding on the coast . between. Balbriggan and Skerries, 'vith the intention of advancing o~ Dublin. A. Blue ;cyclist pat:i::ol. near the Naul observes them at 6 a,'rq. : j ust as .the first boat-loads are disembarking. 'l'he Blue troops , av~ilable for the defence of Dublin comprise the , Dµb lin City Vohmteers and the Companies from the neighbouring districts: the R ed forces ar·e supposed to be conside-r ably more munerous if they can be fully developed . H9w can Blue act so as, (A.) if possible overwhelm Red before t he landing operntion is completed, (B) failing t his, successfully oppose the march on the city? NATURE OF SoiUTION. The solution will consist in particular · of a " Special Idea " developed from the above ·" General Idea." It is desirable to formulate a sound general scheme ,of defence, but due regard mus't be pai.9- to the several details involved .· Accurate calculations of time a:nd distance· m·e. re: quired, and extra credit will be given for any solutions showing special care· m studying the nature and requi;~ments of the ground. CONDITIONS. All solutions must reach Headquarters on or before January 18th . Each solution must, be signed with the author ' s name, rank, and unit . Only one solution may be sent in by anyone .
:,.,,:_. ·"~ -.
THE IRISH
Saturflay, January 9, .1915.
~age
7
THE PESSIMIST: -A-CONFESSION. TARGET R I-F-L-ES
THE WAR. (Continued from
YOLl~NTEER.
3.)
By A. NEWMAN.
-FOR VOLUNTEERS.
ships must be excellent or they could Some R eviews : never have r emained aflo at for any such " The ·st0r y is weighty intellectually, and puls leng th of time. During t he past 1vcek th ere. have been i t s d iscu ~sio n so cleverly that it is never for a mome nt dull."-" The Scotsnian." numerous instances of activity on t he . " It is a pleasure to review a book like thi s ....part of German submarines and aero- " Irish Book Lover." planes. Sewiral English ports have been "It had to be writ ten."- " The Univer se." "Th e book r esem bles n othing so much as visited-probably in an en deavour to locate the battle fleet. No damage was E cclesiast es. " - " Specta tor." " Of the t ype which the late Oscar \.Vilde was done by the a.eroplanes, nor was any at- so fo n d of inven t ing. The P essimist is a man of tempted by the submarines, so that appa- extraordinary ability and character."- " Mornrently the visits were intended purely as ing Post. ' ' " Courage is written all over The Pessimist. reconnaissances.
B.S.A. Rifles, No. 2 Model, 22 cal. 30s: War Office Miniature Rifles, 22 cal. ... ;,: 45s. B.. S.A. Air Rifles, shoots accurat.ely up to 25 J.ards .. : .. . .. . .. . . .. 45e. Militia Air Rifles, shoots accurately up to 25 yards . .. .. . .. . .. . . . . 32s. Goth, 20th Century Rifles, 22 cal. 12s. 6d. 22 Rim Fire Cartridges (various branasJ. Greener Spotshot Target Rifle, Aperture sights, 22 cal. ... ... ... ... 40s. B.S.A. No. 12 model Target Rifle, 22 cal., · with aperture sights, the best Mini'a - . . ture Target Rifle on the market, £4 3s. 6d.
. . . in describably felicitous. . . . " " I ri sh H.osary .'' " It is a book whi~h is th e product of profound thinking . . . . It is a book ,,-hi ch many people Gun and Rifle Maker & Ammunition 1\-[erchant, will want t o r ead twice .-..-:" Month. " " The P essimist was a man, we are t o belie ve, 3 INNJS QUAY, DUBLIN. of comma nding int ellect, even a man of genius ; • yet his a ttitude to God and t he u i;iiver se a t the very h eight of h is power s was more or less tha t of Shelley when h e wr ote ' Queen M~. h. ' - " P aJI JI.fall Gazett e ." -
L .. KEEGAN,·
"c" co·MPANY, 1st BATTALION.
An ~lection of Coi:npany Commander will ta k e place at 41 Parnell Square, on Thursday night, 14th iiJStaht . Punctual attendance requested at 8 p.m. By Or der, J ..E. L Y ONS, Hon, Sec .
Patland
Plug
TOBACCO
(1914 Edi ti on, price 6 / ·.)
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LONDON: DAVID NUTT.
And all Booksellers.
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M . CAT.I.ENDER.
le.dtMm 50 'Olli't '00 clu ll'
IRISH FARM PRODUCE CAFE 21 HENRY STREET. No Foreign F oodstuff s .
VOLUNTEERS, we ask your support when starting Bagpipe or other Bands. We are acbual m akers in Ireland a ~1d can give you better awl cheaper I nstru ments than t hose who a re merely
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MlJRP'HV, Manufacturer WATERFORD.
" Everything that . is . not Irish must be Foreign.".
Shooting at the CITY RIFLE RANGE 95j; TALBOT STREET.
- OniY
An Ideal Place to practice. Three R anges, 10, , 25, and 50 y ards. . Up-to-date Rifle and Equipment. · One minule from Pillar. · Convenient fo r City Visitors . Open 11 a.m. to 10.30 p.m., Stmdays included.
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If you have no.t the ready money convenient, there is an Irish Establishment which supplies Goods on tha Easy Phymimt System. It is THE 0
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Office Hours;-:-10.30 to 5.30- each _qay. Monday and Friday evenings, 7. to 9. ' Sa turday · evening·, Manager~Alderman T. Kelly. 7 to 10.30. TWO. Irish--~p_eal_dng G,e ntlemen can have ex<lellent accommodation (partial board); 111ooem • conveniences ; Drumoondra district. Replies "8," : Volunteer O.ffice . · . . .. i ; .
FALLON
The only maker in Ireland of general equipment D. McCULLOUGH, for Volunteers. 8 HOW.A.RO STREET, BELFAST.
Irish Goods
Irish Volunteer . Ta Hors and ..Drap.e rs,
Dublin
KEOGH BR.OTHERS, Company G-roup a Speciality.
Best Uillean Bagpipes always in st ock, Chan ter, IRl'SH,.MADE EQUIPMENT! Bag a nd Bellows , 57s. nett. Wh olesale Agent for all pu blica tions by Carl 5-pocket Leather Bandoliers, Wai st Belts, · Offi.Bers' Belts, Bayonet F rogs, · and · H ar deberk . Write for lists. · ·· . · Haversacks. ' FOOTBALLS, HURLING BALLS,' E tc . . · Price List from MUSICAL WAREJ;IOUSE,
11
Be Photographed! BY
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A full attendance of this Company is re- . r c ..i,c .o,nn : o ! quested at next parade, F riday, J anuary IF YOU WANT Comfort and First·C!ass Attend· ance, try 8th. The names of recruits wishing to THE COSY CORNER TEA ROOMS, join this Company will be t aken any Fri(Corner of Baggot St . and Merrion St .) . clay--night; between 8 and 10 p .m., at t he Bi"e1akfasts, l.Lmchecnsi Te,l s, etc. 9 Drill Hall, Lark:fie1d, Kimma ge .
VOLUNTEERS . .. . . We h a ve a splemlid a.ssortmeut of rare Prints at a cheap· rat~Emmet, Tone, · 111 'Cracken,· and numerous others. We stock Volunteer Badges. We supply large Portraits for Home, H a.11, or Club, of Messrs. R.edmond, : Devlin , . Dillon, Da vitt, :etc. Irish Literature of all kinds. Lives of Emmet, Wolfo Tone. Sp·e eches>from· the Dock, etc. THE IRISH NOVELTY STORES,
153
Di~!S
·'
Street, BELFAST •
Tailors' Workrooll}S and Leather Goods Factory at STAFFORD ST. WORKS. Buckle Works at 53 MARY. .STREET. Head Office at tl MARY STRE_ET,- .DUBLIN. IRiSH~MADE
BOOTS FOR IRELAND.
CARLOW BOOTS . Made on the hand-sewn principle. SmartEist and. best. See that the name GOVERNEY, Carlow,.is stamped · on every boot, and don't accept . sqbstitutes.
8
THE IRISH VOLUNTEER,
Tosnuighmis anois in ainm De: Let the Fianna. whenever possible. He also us begin now in the name of God. Let us said, incidentally, that he thougU there not carry into the New Year the jollity of were many officers in Dublin who were not Christmas. It is time to leave aside the doing all they might do. I assured him easy pleasure of the Ceilidhe and the that he was quite wrong and that all, or Theatre and put our backs into the· sterner nearly all, our officers were first-rate work of training for the purposes of war. workers. Now then, let us all put our · Every hour spent in pleasure to the shoulders to the wheel and set our orneglect of our work impairs our efficiency, ganisation buzzing during the present softens our muscles, and dulls our intel- year. lect. There is no longer time for the * * normal amusements of normal times . W e The new monthly paper, edited by are iµ a state of war and -t his very year Percy Reynolds and Patsey O'Connor, ie even the youngest boy in the Fianna may promised for next month. The name of be called upon to wit]:istand the hardships the pa.per ~ill be "Fianna; " and, I am incidental to war. He who is not prepar- told, it will deal with every phase of tlie ing for such a crisis must stand a poor ' National Boy Scout movement. It will chance of coming through the ordeal. be written largely ·by members of the Many of the older boys may be called on Fianna; but every member of the Fianna to justify their national faith by force of will not be given a place in its -columns, arms. The one- question· for each of us as is evidenced by the following rhyme is: Am I ready'l To this question each of sent me for publication:us must answer, truthfully. If we are not My name is Percy Reynolds, ready we must strai:ri every nerve to beAnd I'm a clever cha.p ; come so as qutckly as possible. 'rhere is My partner is O'Connor, ample opportunity foi· training;- and . ~he Afways eater for a scra.p-: who neglects it_must be regarded as a fool vVe ran a Christmas joumal, or a traitor . A venture we made pay ; * * So to propagate our Kultur L ast week I '. haq the pleasure of meeting' LikeY1'ise to have our saymy old. comrade, Captain Liam Mellows.
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'l'he Captain is now an organiser for the Irish Volunteers. He graduated in the Fianna, starti';1g as a full private in An Cheud Sluagh} Qamden Street. However, he was too har.d a worker .to be left long· in the enjoynient of the mediocrity of Camden Street~ He organized a first-rate sluagh in Dolbhin's Barn, which is not, by the way, keeping up to the reputation it earned a co1).ple of years ago. Well, the Captain and. myself discussed at great length many sehemes for the improvement of the Fianna through the country . In his capacity as Volunteer Organiser he travels t~irou gh a great part of Ireland, nn<l he promised to help in the training of
DRINK , ·
1782
13/6
vV e will run a monthly paper,
·Measure
•
•
•
The age of censorship has, indeed, arrived.
-wILLIE
NELSON.
_
IRISH V,OLUNTEER CONCERT. A musical treat, in aid' of _the Irish Volunteer Equipment Fund, to take place in the Banba Hall on Saturday, the 9th inst., commencing at 8 o'clock, has been arranged by a distinguished Volunteer vocalist, Lieut. E. O'Connor Cox (Feis Ceoil Gold Medallist and winner of the Denis O'Sullivan Memorial Medal, Feis Ceoil), who will be assisted by such well-known artistes as Mr. Vincent O'Brien, Mr. Patrick Delaney, Mrs. O'Moore and Miss Mary Delany (Feis Ceoil GoJd Medalists), Miss Eileen _ Hayden,- Miss Maire Hughes Messrs. T. Kennepy, J. O'Beirne, and Catha! MacDubhghaill, Mi.s s Una O'Donnell, Mr. l\L Whelan, and The Celtic Trio _(Irish Da,ncers). . A programme of specially selected Irish music has been arranged, and all Volunteers should attend and see for themselves that the "Cranks" lead in music as well as in everything else. Prices of admission, 2/- (reserved), 1/-, and 6d.
KELLY'S 5/Irish - Made Bandoliers ARE TOP NOTCHERS. FACTORY & \YORKS:
40 AMI ENS ST., 'DUBLIN IF YOU WANT TO SHOOT STRAIGHT come to
THE FOX & CO. SHOOTINC RANCE,
DUBLIN BATTALION. The following Companies start work this week. Boys wishin g to join Na Fianna Eireann may do so on applicittion to the officer in charge. Coy. A, 34 Lower Camden Street.Mondays and 'l'hursdays, 8-9.30 p.m.
74 TH,OMAS STREET.
Managed by all-round Sportsman. Avail of our Competitions arn;l Money Prizes. Open 1 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. Sundays from n a.m. to 10.30 p._m_._ _
H. Holohan -& Co., Importers- 11nd Exporters of M~lacca,
KER.NAN'S .'
Dry Ginger Ale -
1914
Speci1lly designed for marching, and manufactured in my own f ictory by Irish 'l rade Union Labour. Post Ordtrs promptly attended to.
JOHN MALONE, NORTH KINQ STREET, DUBLIN.
__,
Coy. B (Right-Half), Camac Place, Dolphiu' s Barn.-'l'_n esdays arnl 'l'Irnn;days, 8-9.30 p.m. Coy. B (Left-Half), Emmet Hall, Inchicore.-Tuesdays and Thursdays, 8--9.30 p.m. • Coy. C, 9 Merchants '_ Quay.-Mondays and '11hursdays, 7.30-9.30 p.m. Coy. D (Right-Half), Dollymount.'l'hursdays and Saturdays, 8-9.30- p.m. Coy. D (Left-Hal£), Fr. Mathew Park, Fairview.-Mondays and Thursdays, 79 p.m. Fianna Cadet Corps meet on W ednesdays and Fridays at 41 Kildare Street, 8-9 .30 p.m.
For as editors we shine. But we'll accept no "copy " From that critic called O'Ryan _" ·
The Volunteer Boo ta. To
Saturday, January 9, 1915.
Basket, Toy and Pulp Cane. and White Sticks and Osiers.
Buff
Manufacturers .o f ·' Art W lcker FL1rniture 1 Travelling, Laundry and Factory.: Hampers. Wioker1 Trucks and Handcarts, etc.
16
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Printed for the Proprietors ~ P. MABON, 3 Yarn- hall St., Dubli•, and J:>llbli11hed at the Vol~ teer Headquarters, 41 Kildare St., Dublin.