The Irish Volunteer - Volume 2 - Number 19 by An Phoblacht

THE

EDITED BY EOIN MAC NEILL. Vol. 2. No. 19.

(New Series.)

SATURDAY, APRIL 17, 1915.

Price One Penny.

on Easter Sunday, let me be excused . The no resolutions, only the silent but effective Realm has to be Defended. But for the eloquence of serried ranks. If the treatyexpense involved, the muste.r and review of breakers have succeeded to some extent in their Readers will excuse me, I ·trust, if they find National Volunteers was a commendable under- line of compulsion, the Irish people have .met 111.y comments behind time now and then in taking. I expressed the hope beforehand that, them more than half way. The "March of the Silence indeed was most refor;ence to public events. · The Liberal Home once the review had been ordered, the National Nation " goes on. Rule Government compels me to get the " Irish. Volunteers would answer the call of their head- appropriate for men standing under Parn~ll's Volunteer" printed at a distance of over a quarters andi turn out in the fullest possible statue and its inscription of Parnell's memorc hundred miles from where I live. Having strength. I take the estimate of the "Daily able words. forced t'lie former printer, Mr. Mahon, to Independent " as a fair one, that about z 5, ooo * * * relinquish his contract, I am told that they . men answered the call. The best armed contingent came from have now, after several weeks, given him back Belfast. This also was proper.. Le~ me repeat * * * Some 5,000 or 6,ooo are said to have been that "the Ulster difficulty" di$appears as soon . his confiscated property. They will find some , ·difficulty in persua:ding ·even · th:e most war- armed with rifles. Only for the hostility of as all Ulstermen are placed on a footing of fevered brain that these brilliant operations the Liberal Home Rule Government and the equality. There is a difficulty in doing that, have the remotest connection with the Defence difficulty of educating the Irish Pa.rJiamentary owing to the reluctance of the Liberal Home Party, it would have been easy to muster ten Rule Government to " coerce" the other wing of the Realm. -lf times that num'ber of rifles . The Belfast con- of English Imperialism, their cousins and con* * They have another way of keeping me from tingent, to the estimated number of 750, federates. It would ·be "coercion" to allow being in too great a lwrry. The mails get carried rifles and bayonets. Severar smaller the threatened people in Ulster to defend their from Dublin to Belfast in three hours, but a contingents were armed with pikes. The pro- homes, their families, and: their ri ghts as Irishletter from Dublin to the printers of the lRrsH fessional military men are inclined to dis- men against the violence threatened and VoLUNTEER takes forty-eight hours to get :countenance the pike. Every Volunteer who financed from London Tory Clubs. When a through. This is unreasonable . I made a has not a rifle ought to have a pike, supple- Government wants to abandon its pledges more reasonal>le offer ~ublicly to Dublin Castle mented, if possible, by a good holster weapon. under threat of force, it is naturally not too - to let rhem read my proofs, which would anxious to see the threat of force neutralised. * * * allow the printing to be done without delay, Rifles, bayonets, and pikes are · " m_unitions * * * and enable Dublin Castle to hold up the issue of war." It will accordingly be understood Silent Sunday was followed by speechful if they liked. I admit that it can do Dublin henceforth that when Dublin Castle interferes Monday. Ireland is not lookipg to speeches Castle no harm to read carefully all I have to w.ith the ~ossession of "munitions of war" by ~resent crisis, but in for consolation in her :;ay, but they can read it better in print than Irishmen, it does so in order to enable the Monday's speeches, to judge from Press rein manuscript, and I offer this mild remons- treaty-breakers to "amend" Home Rule. ports, there was at least one reassuring feature . . trance to the Home Ruie Liberal Postmaster* * We seem to be .g radually rising to a sense of * General, whose co-operation with Dublin If a half-finished work could give any cause National duty, and it is becoming recognised Castle imposes a delay of two days on me. for pride and. satisfaction, the men who, in the that the old factious spirit of treating .the Irish* * face of every discouragement and hostility, saw men with whom \Ve differ as a worse · enemy * The same Home Rule Liberal P.M.G. will the need for the Irish Volunteers, seized the than the stranger can no 101:ger .be counted on perhaps be able to explain how it happened occasion and shaped the work, might well conas a winning element . . that a letter sent to me a few days ago by a gratulate themselves on the events of Easter parish priest in the County Derry, and! regis- Sunday. So complete a change has been * * I have seen much of the inner side of polititered by him, was opened in transit and again effected in Irish public affairs and in the public closed before it reached me. Of the · opening mind, that it is hard now to get back, even in cal diplomacy during the past eighteen months, and closing there is no question. It is officially imagination, to the year 1913, and to look for- but I confess that Mr. Redmond's repeated admitted on the envelope, which I have re· ward from that point ·a year ancll a half, to see appeals and offers to the War Office are a turned to the sender. Is this more of the the Irish Parliamentary Party, from Mr. John puzzle to me, and since he is alone in making Defence of the Realm ? Redmond, the Ehairman, to Mr. Richa~d them, I i11fe~ that others find them . equally Hazleton, the penman, associated with a dis- mysterious. What is the exact difference ·be-. * If I am a week late, theu, in my references play of rifles, baym1ets, and pikes, and with tween the military attitude in April,. .1915, 1:0 the review of National Volunteers in Dublin a military atray of 25,000 men-no speeches, towards Mr. Redmond's electoral mandate;

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THE IRtSH VOLUNTEER.

a nd the military attitude so clc:1rly indii.'ilted i11 .Ma'.ch and July, 1914?

tired of telling us thiit, 'as ·Volunteers, we are jiabk tq be hung 01i, trees by the enemy fo r · the time being, and to get o ur toi'ns burned. * * Ireland has shown tha t she is able and ready In the next brea th they tell us we are skulking tu Ut.> all that is nc-x:essary to defend he r own behind the ·British ~itvy a.n d that an invasion national rights and liberti es. Though some of Ireland is t·hc last thing likely. Iii their pwfessed t.o doubt. it, the country is pre pared zeal for I rel and they show an the fervour of to meet the expense of national defence. The nvl"i{;es. Hl~W 1.,ng will it last? While they money spent in that wuy will be the rnost are a1 it, Vol unteers cruJ.tel! them that. hanging p rofitab le inYestment that Ireland h as e ver is a good Je<:1th in Ireland, much too good for made. Why i.s Ireland poor? The Londo.ii so111e people. Whe1J Brian Ua Ru ai~c, Prince "Times " of Monday , dealing with Mr . .R ed- of Breifre, \Vas · found g uilty in London of mond's Volunteer review , says: "There are a " t ryason, '; they asked ·~im if he had anything \"a.St number of men (in Ireland) who would . t~ ~ay in his o wn ,behalf~ He said that he ha.cl be better off financially in the army thaii in"' .one ' favour ·to a:sk, that he might be hanged in their present employment. This has nernr a wilh;nv withe after the fashion of hi s ow n been brought home to them in a form which com1ti·y. -;(- . the y can understand ." We may promise the * "Times" that it will be brought home to them Mr. William O'Brien thi nks it is fooli::;h and in a form which they cannot , fail under- horribl e to contemplate bloodshed and loss of st~ ~ life in Ireland . What has geography to do· with it? The old people used to pray, "Grast:i. * * All that Irehrnd needs ·in the matte r of De chugainn a.gus b as in Eirinn." Patrick 1\i1tional defence is full libe rty to make her Sarsfield's las t recorded words are well known . own preparations, and th.is liberty should be )* * demanded; not entreated, No Irish Nationalist, L et us hope that those who are so fond of since las t March, can be expected to place the insisting on it tha t this war of empires is slightest confidence in any private negotiations " Ireland's wa r " will not by .this means succeed with men who .brea·k the most solemn public in making Ireland also responsible for a ruincompacts, even though · these men a re called ous burden of . war taxes . I see that some Li!Jeral Home Rulers. people are still in a fools' paradise. The

fLASHLIGHT , Photograpjhs Taken.of P ances anywhere in ·. Ireland, Secretaries ,shoul d book dates now.

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AN CUMANN COSANTA ••

to.

But, as Mr. G. B. Shaw has written, th e Liberal Home Rl.\le Government no longer exists except in name . We are already under a coalition regime, and since Home-Rul ~ism and Unionism are incompatible, then either the Home ·Rule element has gi,·en way to the U nionist element or the Unionist element has surrendered to Home Rule. Most people will ha,·e little difficulty in making up thei; minds a:s . to which of .these two things is at all likely.

If space permitted, I could g.iYe pl enty of facts to show how the combination is working out, facts which reeeiY;e little attention in lrish ne wspapers which a re deeply concerned ·about th.c future of A sia Minor. Take one little ~a mp le, quite fresh, and from official sources: · "Mr. Balfour, who has pla.ced his services at the .disposal -of the Govern.ment, especially in relation to the Committee of Imperial Defence, was the guest of the King at Windsor last c,·cning (Easte r Mo1iday). " "Especially" is meant to com·ey that Mr. · Balfour's cooiJeration is not confined to the Committee of Imperial Defence. Mr. Balfour, upon the rise of the Irish Volunteers, made a guarded admission that Home Rule was inevitable, and , to paralyse Home Rule, put fonvard his demand for "iJ- clean cut,'' the exclusion of all u lster for all time. *' * * The numerou _· halfpay country gentl emen who.· ha1-e recently bounced into the position of auv isets-in-<'.hief to the Irish na tion are nerei·

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Insures Irish Volunteers . .. against Victi'misation by their Employers. ~

Write for particulars to the Secretary, LV. Headquarters, 4 r K ilda re Street, Dublin.

VOLUNTEERS ! THE

Smd your COLLARS , Sl-f!RTS, etc, to . .

NATIONAL

LAUNDRY,

60 SOUTH WILLIAM STREET, DUBLIN. Suffs and

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question of further land p urchase was discussed IN T wo DAYs, the other day at the· Co.rk Farmers' Club. Accordin g to the " Independent, " when the secretary inq uired whether there was any 40 AMIENS STREET. I money for la nd purchase, the chairm an, Mr. Volunteer Outfit Manufacturer. Leather BandoLer ... 5/P. Bo wen, J._P., feplied, "There is mo~1ey for 5-Pocket Belts ,. . 1/6 & 2/each 1 /a nything. It is our own fault we h ave not got Rifle Sling Caps ,.. from 2/6 it. The Engi,ish Gm;ernment is the richest in Haversacks 1 Od. & 1 /1/6 the world. " But Consols, 'vhich stood at u3 P uttees (same as Uniform) All above made on premises. before the Boer W ar, . now stri.ncl at about half UNIFORM TO MEASURE .,, 30/· that figure. Coi1ld some sort of elementarv. · Spurs, 2 / 6 & 3 /• , ·s pecial Marching ..Boots, ·1 0 / 6. . . q ua! ifying ·examination be devised for justiees Also SHIRTS , COLLARS, T IES, CAPS, HATS, SOCK S, BRACES, etc, of the peitce? H e.r e we have the chairman EVERYTHING TO EQUIP AN ARMY .. of a county farme rs' club blissfully ignorant of the fact that L and ·Purchase fin ance is as VOLUNTEER to get your CIGARETTES, TOBACCO, SMOKERS' dead as Q ueen Anne, There \\;ill be a furiou s REQUISITES, and all NEWS wakening ur> of disappointed people bye and AT bye, and perhaps the rival patriarchs will once more join hands- for self-preservation. STATIONER and TOBJ\CCONIST, EoIN MAcKE1LL .

Halt at KELLY'S

O' MAHONY' S,

31 Great George's Street, West, CORK.

io-ol

DON'T FORGET

Enniscorthy Prisoners' Defence Fund.

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h:Fe been asked to announce that a defence fund for the Enniscorthy prisoners bas been opened, and . subscriptions . a.re invited . Doubtless many Volunteers will .be: ·anxiou.s to subscribe, The treasu.re:.r s of the . fund are Bulmer HoLson and Sean-Mac Diarmada, who will · a(!kno wledge all s ubscriptio~1s. Remitta11ces sl1ould b!O addressed ·to . S1~AN MAC D ~ARMADA, .

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THE I RISH

v oa...UNT"E E.R. . . .- · -·· - -

I Field Training. I • CH APTER II.

S l !UPLE EXER CI S E S IN TH E ATTACK. A'..._A F IRING LINE IN ATTAC K. . Whe n a ll the mancemres se t out in Chap ter I. have been thoroughl y mastered, and Section Commanders have acquired a full responsibili ty in h<:tnd ling their units,- then, and not till then , .should any beginning at m?re adYanced work be made. . If the men are not sufficient! y trained , ' any a ttemp t to perform the following e}.Cercises will e nd in confusion . The Company Co mmander should · march his men out to a goodi field which will giYe him sorY).e 300 y:i rds to advance over. P referably , a fie_ld with ple nty of cover shou ld be chos~n. Before extending hi s men he should explain full y what he intends to do, and go O\·er the points which follo w. Th e Company sho uld the n be exte nded into one line, Section Comman ders being in rea,r of the~r Sections. The Con1pany Comm ande r then gives. t he comma nd, " Adrnnce in a lte rna te rushes beg inn ing from the le ft ,'' when tr.;c, left Section Comma nder will s igna l hi ~ Section to :1rlva nce fi fty ya rds at the do uble . Meanwhi le the other Section Comma nde rs o rder thei r Sections (whe ther they ha ve rifles or not) to open fire, giving the targe t, range, a nd number o f ro un ds, th us :- " At the hedge, at 25 0 yards, 3 rounds- F ire." Tlt e Captain must see to it tl1at these commands are given corr ectly . . The mornen t the left Section ha lts, the men Uiro i> fl a t, . and a1·e ordered to open fi re, wh ile the second Section from the left gets the command , "Cease ft re . Un load ." T he Section Comrnantler then signa ls the a dvance, and tb.ey double forward on a lirie with the fi rst Sectio n. The other two Sections do the same in their turn .

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a nd then closed . T h is is a good time to poi nt out the ir mistakes, e.g . , "B unching, " Straggling, W rong Commands, etc. When the Company has been extended once mo re, the attack shoul d be de lirnrecl back again O\·er the same ground. If a ll mi stakes a re not corrected by this, a third atack should be made . It ma y some times be necessary to make a fo urth', but if the me n a re willin« the v should . 0 p ick it up sooner. ~

B - COVER. I t is difficul t. lo learn mo re thai1 one thing a t a time, a nd so in the Ia.st sectio n nothi ng was sa id about cover . L et the ri1en be taught to ad vance in ·straigh t lines before broaching thi s subject, a nd then , while the y are resting, speak a few words about it. It needs no explana tion , most men being able to p ic k it up quite easil y. I de a l cover is bull et p roof, inconsp icuous, and a good fi ring positio n. A tree or a boulder is a good exa mp le . The men should be inst rncted how to use cover to the best acln111 tage, :1 nd how to make the most of a li t~ l e coyer. They should also be to ld how to

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the same time rememberin g that the rules a lready taught still hold , name ly, tha t the line must not become too irregul a r, nor must the interl"a ls be lost. Now le t the Com pany be exte nde d aga in and anothe r attack made . All

,<\OV A NCtNft

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.3 fo rme r points must be observed , _a nd in addition a ttention must be raid to the cover taken by the me n. 1t is a good p lan to put me n out of action .who do no t keep · the ir interv a ls or fa il

to make use of COYer. When this has been repea ted once or t wi t:e, ·

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D - RAGGED RUSHING. After a short explanation of what is to be done, e xtend the line once more. On the command "Move,'' th ree or ·f our men ·rush for wa.r<l fro m any part of the line and' drop. Th.e n three or. four "mo re from anothe r "part do the same, .a nd this . is repeated throughout the line. parties a lways rnshi ng from a porti<m as fa r as poss ible from the las t ·rush.. T he cut is a s~mp le .

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Firing

i . · Ad\•ancing Original Line

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imp rovise hasty coYe r by p iling a few stones toge ther or t urning u p a fe w sods with pike or bayonet. The Cap ta in should now take a ma n about 50 ya rd's from the Company , and make him li_e down to sho w how easily a ver y sli ght de p ression hides a ma n. T he Company should then be told to m[l k c wh a t use of co1·er ·t he y . ca n in adva ncing , at

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The Sup ports ·(Black) are scattered among the Firing Line (White), and so the original Sections are disorganised. The line must be quickly d ivided between the Section Commanders ," irrespective of their ori gina l pos~tion s , and the adYance by a lternate rushes continued until the charge. This sho uld be practised fa irly ofte11, and then the Company should he closed and given a rest.

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sig nal for rein fo rc-emcnts, when t he su pport:; will come forwa rd a t the double. The line will then present this appearance-

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fou; paces .must k ep/ W hen the fou rth Section is in line, the fi rst Sectic5rt advances a.gain, and this is repeated ovet' and over a.gain, the length of the ·ru s~es b~ihg gr-~clu all y iessenecl, un til the Compariy is within . one hundred yards of the object, when the charge shoui d be give n. _ T he Comp an y Commander must . see fo it once "more that the cha rge is properly del ivered, and that it is"not ' a line of sca.tte red uni ts that is fl ung . against"· the e,n em y, . The men should be Nl6tlie.I a fli\v moments; .

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Ser:tio n Commande rs must see to it that there is no " bunching " .in the advance, . and tha t; when they ha lt, nobody rema ins ·behi nd or :in f'ront of the firing line . Th e interv al of

The fi g ures deno te the order in which the •groups rush forw a rd. Group s I to 4 han: a lread y advanced, group 5 is advancing, and the re ma inder are wa iti ng . Thi s method. of advm1ce g reatly minim ises loss , as the enemy neve r knows where the next r ush is to com e from , a nd so has han.Jly time to sight h is target before the rush is · over. It is adopted when close to the objective . This movement must be practised fairly often to get the men used to it. All the exe rcises in this chapter could ·be got through in a mo rni ng o r afternoon . I .f thi s t ime is no t ava i !able, each section could l"lt' done sepa ra te!y. The most impo r tant sectio ns a re A a nd B , which must be ma ste re d tho roughl y by all Companies as soon a'.s possible, Sect.ions C and D are developmen ts which should soon follow . Above all things, it is necessary that t!te S ection Co in manders slioztld know t heir busi11ess .

FEIS CAHIR MOR,

VOLUNTEER COMPETITION In above competition 15b Sections must

the Company is ·ag.a in closed . consist of 16-not 10-men, and in adTullow, C_:._ SUPPORTS . dition . to prjze we shall give a. va luable Co. Carlow, Divide ..tJ:ie. Company in two, fonu~n·( firin g June21·29 flag to be mad e to design winners. line and supports ; keeping the sup90lts, under DE WET'S the 1st L ieutenant , roe yards in ·rear of the Mouo wa&-- Nev.e~ let the g rai,s gr.ow under your fi rin g line. The firing line is instructed EO feet, keep ·moving. ad~ance by ~lterna.te ru5hes , while the suppons . VOLUNTEERS' fol i~w in qu"ltk time , ta.king whil.t ad vantage Motto sh ould be-Nev,e; let. ·y our w.hiskctS gr.ow, k.eep moving i l em with a good razo,, they ca~ from eOV'eT . Sho1"tly before ttle Prices 2 £.- to 7 /6. · charge the Coriimlinder of · the ·firin g hrie will M'QUILLAN, ~S-36 Capel Street, DUMHi.

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THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.

4 GAELS! Remember an Irish Irelander when you want New ·or Secondhand Typewriters, Duplicators, · Stencils, Stencil Ink, Ribbons, Carbons, Papers, &c. Any make of Typewriter Repaired. THE FOLEY TYPEWRITER TRADINQ CO. Reis Chambers, DUBLIN. Telephone ll 7V.

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All communications re Advertisements to be add ressed to the IRl.SH PRESS BUREAU, 3o Lower Abbey- Street, DUBLIN.

The Irish Volunteer SATURDAY, APRIL 17, 1915,

Headquarters' Bulletin

The General Council of the Irish Volunteers met at Headquarters on Sunday, 28th March, at 12 noon, Professor Eoin MacNeill, Presi dent, in the chair. Important discussions took place on Arming, · Organisation, Finance, and Insurance. The Council recommends An Cumann Cosanta to the hearty support of all Volunteers. The Headquarters' Staff presented a report on its work during the three months since its original establishment. The report was considered in detail, and opinions were exchanged on various points. The Staff was then reappointed to hold office until the next Annual . Convention. The question of the appointment of a Standing Committee was refeHed to the Executive, with power to .act. Headquarters, 41 Kildare Street, Dublin, 31st March, r 915. SPECIMEN TIME-TABLES FOR DAY PARADES.

The following Specimen Time-Tables for Day Parades are submitted for the guidance of Company Commanders. Specimen TimeTables for Night Parades have already been published. Company Commanders are again reminded of the desirability of giving each of the Company Officers an _opportunity of making himself proficient in the handling of the Company. It is of the utmost importance that each HalfCompany Commander and inferior officer should have the executfre handling of his own command, the true work of the Company Commander being general command and supervision. Parades should sta,rt punctually to the hour announced, the senior officer on parade taking romniand automatically. P. H. PEARSE, Commandant, D·irector of Organisation.

TIME-TABLE A. military force. No more important or difficult 10 a.rn.-Sections fall in on Section Com- task has been entrusted to any group of Irishmanders. Sections proved. Roll-call. Sec- men for a long time. The members of the Staff tion Commanders report to Company Com- can give to it only such time as they can spare mander. from other pressing avocations of a very 10-15- Right H alf-Company moves off different kind. Their deficiencies of ability, under 1st Lieut. for Skirmishing Practice; experience, and leisure must be made good by Left Half-Company under 2nd Lieut. for the willingness and intelligence with which the Target Practice. Company Commander and Volunteers as a body must support their efforts. Adjutant visit each Half-Company while at Our strength as an organisation lies in our work. . unity of purpose, our readiness to sink personal II-I5-Half-Companies reunite for short considerations, our tolerance one for another, Route March, marching at the quick and at the and our fixed' common determination to make double alternately. the' Irish Volunteers a genuine military force r 2-r 5- Return to Headquarters. Announce- ready to act at an hour's notice. We have ments. Dismiss. perfectly definite notions of our work, and we TIME-TABLE B. are learning how to accomplish our work with ro a.m. -As in A. a due ,economy of effort, time, and money. I0-15 a.m.-As _ in A, the- Left Half- One of our aims must be to discard everything Company taking Skirmishing Practice, and the that is mere show or that is irrelevant to our Right, Target Practice. main purpose. We have just one very definite u-15-Half-Companies re-unite. Practice thing to db: to train a body of irregular (in advance along a road, with Scouts in front and the sense of not being professional) troops to in fields on flanks, advance guard, connecting act under the peculia.r conditions imposed by files, main body, connecting files , and rear- the configuration of Ireland ; and if we set guard. about this with all our heart we shall probably r r-30-Practice in drawing together of Com- succeed in training them to be the finest pany to meet imaginary attack on front, flank, irregular troops in the .world. It is a thing or rear. Show how to choose position and take worth trying. cover on emergency. A MANUAL FOR VOLUNTEERS. 12-15- As in A. One of the immediate tasks of the HeadTIME-TABLE c. quarters' Staff will be the preparation and issue 10 a.m.-As in A. of a manual of Volunteer Organisation and io-15-Section Dri'll in close order under Training. Several of the officers attached to Section Comm.anders. the staff of the Director of Training a.re I0-45-Signalling under Company Signaller. already engaged on a simplification of the r 1-15-Section Drill in extended order under British Infantry Training of r9u, which has Section Commanders . hitherto been the basis of our work. T·heir n-45--Practice in taking cover. efforts are being directed towards the discard12-15-As in A. ing of useless things, and not at all towards the TIME-TABLE D. alteration of anything that has already been rn a. m. - As in A. learned. Our scheme, therefore, will not IO-I 5- -Entrenching Prnctice. impose more wo1'k on our Volunteers, but will r 1-15- Practioe in miscellaneous extensions lessen the time which has at present to be and closings on road or in fields, on sudden devoted to the more formal parts of drill. commands such as "Line that ditch,'' " Occupy Special features will be the treatment of Scoutthat mound,'' etc. ing, and an insistance on the importance of a r 2-0-Instruction and Practice in judging proper use of Cyclists. distance, etc. STUDY THE " IRISH VoLUNTEER. " r2-3o~Return to Headquarters. AnnouncePending the ~ublication of our manual , ments. Dismiss. those responsible for the training of Volunteers TIME-TABLE E. can do nothing better than study the articles IO a.m.-As in A. and notes on various branches of Training I0-15-Bayonet Practice. which appear from week to week in the " Irish 10-45-Scouting Practice under Scout Com- Volunteer. " These articles and notes are mander. General instruction should be written or adapted! with the special needs and alternated with the setting of special problems. limitativns of our force in view, and in many cases they embody information and advice 1 I-43-Practice in advancing from field to which are not to be found in any of the text· field under cover of the hedges. books. The recent series of articles on "The 12-30-As in D. Training of Cycle-Scouts " is a case in point. NOTES FR,OM HEADQUARTERS. THE HE.ADQUARTERS' STAFF. The studies of " Irish _B attles" have provect The General Council at its vecent meeting re- helpful to many Volunteer officers, and the new appointed the Headquarters' Staff, to hold series in which the victories of irregular troops office until the next Annual Convention. The · . are being dealt with will be found equally Volunteers, especially officers, task of the Staff during that period will be to suggestive. weld the Irish Volunteers into a f~lly should fil~ their copies of the "Irish Volunorganised, disciplined , trained, and armed teer " for detailed reference and study.

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Sat_u rday, April

7th, 19 I 5.

THE IRIS H VOLU NTEER.

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DAY PARADES.

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· The specimen Time-Tables for Day Parades published this week are intended as modeis for Company Commanders who can devote some zk hours to open-air training, say, on a Sunday morning or afternoon. They aim at embracing everything that is really essent_ial, and in maintaining an interesting variety in the Occasionally , of succession of the i terns. course, a simple operation will take the place of the ordinary instruction. The attack and defence of a small farm or of a hamlet in its rlistrict is an operation which a Company will find educative. If the position is small in extent one Sect ion mjght defend and the ot~er th ree attack, the Cycle Scouts being divided between the two forces . In the case of a larger position, the local Company should defend and two or three neighbouring Companies attack. Every Coinpany should know the possibilities for purposes of defence of villages and other pos itions in its district , and also the lines of re treat from such positions. Now that fine weather is at hand , such open-air work should be our main concern. Skeleton programmes of simple operations suited to small forces will be published by the Director of Organisation m an early number of the" Irish Vol unteer. "

Cork County

VICTORIES OF IRREGULAR TROOPS.

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IV.-BULL RU N.

Beauregard decided to hold Manassas Junction agai:nst Alexandria · at ·the - mouth of the · Potomac, which was used as a base by the North, while J ohnston retired on Winches ter before-·superior numbers under Patterson .

The American Civil War arose out of disputes between the Northern and Southern States, principally on the question of Negro. In the autumn of 186~ South Carolina and ten other states seceded from the Union. After the election . of Abraham Lincoln to the Pres idency of the U nitedl States, the States who had seceded formed themselves into the Southern Confederacy un de r the Presidency of Jefferson Davis, -in February, 186 1. - Both sides immediately began -to raise armies in preparation for war. In both camps the nucleus round which the raw troops of volunteers gathered was the small body of regular

PRELIMINARY MANCEUVRES.

While Patterson was ·· being urged to act vigorously against Johnston, Beauregard arranged that the latter sboulrl join him when the second- Union Army, under MacDowell ,sboulcl attack him . This-was rendered poss i ~le by the cautious character of Patterson, who, when Johnston slipped away with 9, 000 - men·., and z·o guns to join Beauregard', allowed him- · self to be bluffed into keeping his· 22 ,ooo troop.s

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A meeting to establish a Board for County Cork was held at the Cork City H eadquarters on Sunday, April 4th. Delegates attended from Cork City, Castlelyons, Ballinhassig, Cove, Fermoy, Courtbrack, Blarney, and Ballinadee (Bandon) . The Commandant of the Cork Corps was unanimously selected as chairman. The meeting was occupied for some time 111 discussi-ng the means of thoroughl y organising lhe County, and a scheme was ag reed upo1i . rt was decided to ask the Cork Corps to march to Carrigaline on next Sunday , with a view to stirring up that and the surrounding districts . The following full parades were fi xed : - · Midleton and adjacent companies at Miclleton on Sunday, Arril 18th. Mallow and other North Cork C0mpani es at Mallow on Sunday, April 25th. Bandon, Ballinaclee, Ballinhass ig, Kinsalc, &c., at Bandon on May Sund ay . Macroom, Ballingeary , Ballyvourney , &c., :-tt Ball ingeary on Sunday , May 9th. The Cork City Cycl ing Corps will attend :tl each of the p laces named. A meeting of the North Cork l'.oard wil l tie held a t Mallow immediately afte r the parade on April - 25th , and the next meeting of the County · Board will be held on the same occasion. Any Company ·or District not yet represented on the Board should communicate at once with the County Secretary , Cork City Headquarters, 20 Sheares St.met, Cork. ·

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officers trained at West Point, · and a t the two watching the 1,500 rem a in ing Confederates capitals, W as hin gton and Richmond . The two under Magrunder . armies recruite<'! and drill ed almost in sight of [n order to p re1·ent J ohnston from joining each other. hi s colleague, M:tcDowell dec ided to tum P RE CEDING EVENTS . }ka uregard's 1-eft and break the· Manassas Gap Ri chmond ,' the Confederate cap ita l, wa s Railway. The pl an was sound, but he managed defended by two arrni es- -one, under General to waste sever:tl_ clays, while Johnston, losing Johnston, in the Shenandoah Valley ; the other, no time , arriYed with half his force at the under General Beauregard, along the Potomac. moment when a reconnaissance of MacDowell's The Commander-in-Chief of the armi es in had brought on an engagen1ent at Blackburn's Virgini a was General Robert E. Lee. Ford on the little river B ul l Run. The res ult The Northern forces were under the · supreme convinced MacDowell that, small though the command of General M'Clellan, whose pl an it ' stream was, the difficulty of its banks made :t was to take the offensive against ·Beauregard :frontal attack impossib le, and consequently he with one army , while Jcihni.ton was held in reso lved to send two d ivisions to make a tum ing check by another. rn- -- opposition ' to this, movement round the Confederate left , while a

THE I RISH VOLUNTEER.

Saturday. April r 7th, i_9'i' 5.

strong demonstration under Tyler was to be MacDowell's plan was good, but he forgot made in front to hold t<his part of .t he enemy himself so far as to rush into the thick of the to their position and pre'>'ent them ~einforcing fight, and so neglected his duties as a general. their left . The result was that he failed to make any use On the Confederate side Johnston, assuming of his reserves . Johnston and Beauregard, on the chief cormnand, adopted Beauregard's plan the contrary, dirested the battle throughout, of making a converging attack on MacDowell's and won the fight by their correct use of base at Centreville, thus hoping to crush him reserves. before Patterson's anival. His own forces now numbered 31 ,ooo to MacDowell's 28,000. The Re-awakening of the THE BATTLE. Volunteer Spirit. These events bring us to the morning of the 21st July, l86r , when MacDowell's assumpDERRY'S "NO SURREND ER " WITH A tion of the offensive put a· check to the NEW MEANING. ConJederate attack, which was late in starting, Just two months ago the Volunteer of Derry and made it impossible for the Confederates to had suffe red so much through the split that they seemed almost asleen. HoweYer, the crude alter their plan and attack his own left, as the espionage methods of the nation which holds latter required every man to stave off his right . Ireland in the hollow of its hand did splendid At this point the Confederates were weakest, serv ice to the cause of Ireland a ~ation. And and might easily have been broken but for the now the awakening of perry is complete. The big demonstration in honour of Robert Emmet, skill of their extreme left commander, Colonel held in St. Columb's Hall, has taken place. Evans, who, realising that the enemy must be The O'Rahilly-who travelled all the way from !itopped at a distance to allow the second half Dublin for the event- and Mr. A. Newman were conveyed by an a rmed escort of Volunteers of Johnston's army to arrive, and ,recognizing from the City Hotel to St. Columb's Hall. that Tyler's strong force was only a demonstra- There we.re more volunteers and more rifles at tion, left four of his twenty companies to_face the hall, and still more inside the hall, besides a big audience, including many of the local the latter, and set off with the rest to strike at clergy, whose presence meant a con iderable the flanking column. The delay th1is caused addi tion to the Derry rifle fund. The chair was . taken by Mr. Patrick gave the Confederates time to form a strong H agga rty, who said the men of D erry stood line in his rear on Henry Hill. Evans, though together on that occ;asion, armed and deterreinforced, could do little more, and was soon mined and thoroughly alive. They had come driven in on Henry Hill, his former position together to do honour to Robe1:t Emmet, and on on Matthew Hill being occupied by the Union behalf of the Volunteers · of Derry, and the audience p resent, he welcomed The O'Rahilly Artillery, whose fire caused much confusion in and Mr. A. Newman. The untiring labours of the raw confederate ranks. It was here that The O'Rahilly in arming the Volunteers had the steadiness of Jackson's brigade earned him become a proverb! And as for Mr. Newman, he had won their hearts on the last occasion on his nickname of "Stonewall." which he spoke in Derry, when he passed Still, the position was serious, and the line through the city escorted by a swarm of Dublin on Henry Hill was being steadily forced back. Castle spies (laughter). A man which Dublin Castle thus honoured was a true Irishman. H e The weight o.f the Northerners' attack, how, would ask Mr. Newman to deliver his lecture ever, convinced Johnston that MacDowell was on Emmet · forthwith. THE LECTURE. concentrating all his efforts here, and so In the cou rse of his address , Mr. Newman relieved .him· of any fea.r for his right. Every said:available man. was accordingly drawn over to There is a method of discovering a truth the left, where the fight raged fiercely under a which learned men employ. This method is soorching sun . Two Union batteries, pushing employed unconscious! y by nearly every bod'y. Theologians use it to get as near as poss.ible to forward, were destroyed by the Confederate a comprehension of the infinite and incomprefire. Confederate reserves from the right, hensible. It is the old method of displaying with Kirby Smith's Brigade from the railway , something by considering what it is not. T am going to apply this method for a few moments fell on the union flank, and routed them. to the study of Robert Emmet; and I am going MacDowell hastily reform ed his line behind to analyse for you a young man who possesses , the stream called Young's Branch. Early's as far as patriotism goes, nothing ·i n common Brigade took it in flank, and, a frontal attack with Robert Emme:·. I was honoured by a visit ' from this young assisting, drive the Northerners from the field. man the other day. His name and parentage The whole of the Union forces retreated', at are Irish. I found immediately that he was a first in good order, but later panic set in, and volunteer. I don't mean an Irish Volunteer or a National Volunteer or a Carson Volunteer. the whole army fled to Washington , twenty But I found that he was a volunteer in that miles away. great am1y which can ·be conveniently described as the WHAT DoEs IT MATTER BRIGADE. H e COMMENTS. described himself, with a curious disregard! for Each side had 18,000 men m action. The language, as a Quietist. I am distressed to say Unionists had 24 guns, the Confederates 21 . that this young man is the son of an Irishman The latter lost nearly 2 ,ooo killed and who was among the most active F enians of '67, and who remained a patriot and a Fenian to wounded, the former nearly 3,000. the day of his death. The son is a friend of There was no pursuit, both sides being mine. And I assure that he would not in the almost equally demoralized by the battle, con- least object, if he were present this evening, to sisting as they did of raw troops with little hear me describing him as I have done. He would simply say: What does it matter? I do discipline, not select this young man for condemnation. I

select_ him as a type of the hundreds o f young men m Ireland who take for their motto four uninspiring words : - " What 's the good?" If you meet a man going along a .r oad, and he tells you that he is going along that road to a certain town, and vou know that the road leads in another direction , you can point out his mistake to him . If you feel vigorous enough, and he refuses to accept your advice , you can fight him. There would at least be something stimulating in a mental · or physica l struggle with a· man who was going somewhere , and there would always be the chance of persuading him to take the right re ad. But one is well nigh helpless with a man·who sits in the hedge, or in a haystack, or.in a tavern by the wayside, and answers all your aro-u0 ments with the question: Wh at's the good? It has _been the deliberate policy of England to cause young Irishmen to become eYen as the man I have described, with What's the good? always on their lips . You have all met men like this. Some of those whom T am addressing now may belong to that inglorious brigade, an<i to .s uch I would say : Open your ears and sharpen your wits,. for in · these days of a destroyed National Press, you are going to hear from this platform to-night exceedingly sound nqtional doctrine; the gospel of glory and honour, the gospel according to Robert Emme1·. And as surely as Providence has di\"icled men into nations, and has made patriotism part of the soul of all honest men, so surely will you be held accountabl~ by your Maker if you close you r ears to the gospel of Nationality and remain, in national affairs, luke-warm, just as a man would be culpable if he stood with folded arms while his family was being injured and robbed. Now this young man, whom I have described because he is a type, talked to me about national affairs. He talked to me about Emmet with the same . enthusiasm which 011·e · might display in discussing some long-dead emperor of China. And' coming to our own time, he said : "After all, what is official ::--J ationality? It is empty and worthless. A lot of bored people who go to Westminster, and are pursued arid supported by a great army of job-hunters. And here and: there the rank and file, who can not expect jobs, wearily support the local job-hunter. There is no patriotism or honest spirit among these people. And as for you people, who believe · in Irish nationality, and ac t up to your belief, everyone knows and admits that you are honest ancl sincere. You have nothing to gain, andl everything to lose. But everyone also knows that vou are a lot of honest and sincere fools. The fact of the matter is, job-hw1ting ·is taking the country to national damnation as fast as possible: the country has gone hopelessly wrong. And for my part, I say : What is the good of bothering ? " I looked at him quietly, and said:-" I won't adm it that the country has gone hopelessly wrong. But I "·ill ask you one question: Tell me, now, if the wor Id is .fu 11 of wickedness, is that any reason why a man should be wicked?" "No, I suppose it is not," he said; "but . fo r my part, I am a Quietest. " And so we ended where we had begun . Now that young man's attitude and argu ments are exactly opposite to the at titude and arguments 'o f a young man named Robert Emmet, whom we have. met together . this evening to honour. Robert Emmet is alive and among us to-day. He is with us at this moment. When I delivered the Commemoration address in Belfast on the 7th of last month, there were four chairs on the platform. Op.e of them was empty . And I felt, as surely ·as I feel you are listening to me now, I felt · on that occasion that that empty _'. chair was symbolical, and that Robert Emmet was beside me, listening to rriy feeble words; and giving power to them by ' his majestic influence ,

I •'

Saturday, Aprii 17th, 1915. and urging me to be faithful to the gospel of MAGHERA AND GUL LAD UFF nationalitv which he preached, even unto VOLUNTEE R S. ' · death. The O'R ahilly and Mr. Newman addressed THE O'RAHlLL y. ~- crowded open-air meeting in Maghera on The O'Rahilly said that he had come l.o Sunday. The Gull aduff Volunteers attended, Derry at Mr. ~ewman · s special request. H e and n1uch enthusiasm prevailed. . The chair had been kept for months past with his eyes was taken by Mr. John Walsh . and after the lixed on two objects- Dubl in Castle and proper meeting a Company was formed and drilled b y ;inns for the Volunteers. He was glad to say The O'Rahilly. The Ballinderry Cycle Corps that the Volunteers had given · entfre dis- attended the meeting. Maghera and Gulladuff , satisfaction to Dublin Castle. They had as a result of the meeting , affiliated wi th the a rmed themselves in spite of every opposition. Irish Volunteers . BUNCRANA. There was plenty of good ma terial for those The O' Rahilly and Mr. Newman visitcecl ,,·ho desired it. (Applause. ) He had a vivid recollection of the fir t brush Buncrana on Tuesday, and the Vol unteers of with the enemy at Howth. His motor ca r had that town duly affiliated with the I rish Volunbeen piled up with rifles, and was going along teers. gaily, when suddenly something went wrong, " -6..o. S c.it .o. Ce1te Se.o.'6 m.o.1rrn tM and it commenced to run on two cylinders, at 'O.<lom e,"- .o. :E;.o.e'Oe.o.t.o. : fi ve miles an hour. The position was ridiculous. we appeal to you as as a Gael only for a trial order, We are certain to give you satisfaction H e had to sit on the car and drive it at that LADIES AND GENT'S TAILOR. idiotically slow pace, but he had an automatic p .&un-0.15 bo'Dtem, pistol in his hand . And his conduct, in going so slowly, must have seemed like a piece of 2 LOWER ORMOND QUAY. bravado. There had been many adventures s~~1ce Howth. With Mr. Newman he had For the Real driven thirty miles in a radius of a square mile ! ·"IRELAND OVE.R ALL." (Laughter.) . A Song for. GAELS, by a GAE L, to a As the Treasurer df the Irish Volunteers he GAE LIC Air. could assure those who required arms that, in See Part 7 "SONGS OF THE GAEL" spite of the British Government, they had :been (Browne & Nolan). able to import sufficient arms to meet any demand that was likely to 'be made upon them If you have not the ready money convenient, there is an by provincial Companies·. He had come to tell Irish Establishment which supplies Goods on • the Easy Payment System. It is THE them three things and to make three requests : (I) They had some of the best men in Ireland as recruits. They wanted more recruits . 10 SOUTH WILLIAM STREET. ( 2) Companies in all parts of Ireland were Office Hours- 10-30 t 1 5-30 each dav. Mon rlav and coming to life and affiliating. H e was onl y F ri day evening ;, 7 to 9. S 1turday eve'n ing, 7 to 10-30. greedy for Ireland's honour, and he wanted Manager-Alderman T . Kelly. more affiliations, because every Company joined to the Irish Volunteers meant a body of men pledged to the Volunteer p rinciples and the real doctrine of Irish Nationality. (3) Demands were coming in to Headquarters from all parts of the country for arms, and Headquarters wanted more demands, for they Highest Grade Lever Movements. could supply every demand. (Applause.) 'l'o anyone who "troubled." them they PRICES LOWEST POSSIBLE FOR CASH. pointed the butt end of a first-class revolver or CATALOGUES FREE. automatic pi tol ! (Laughter.) · .H atred by England was a sure sign that a · man's national :principles, as _an Irishman, were Opposite O'CONNELL MONUMENT, DUBLIN. sound; and the men at the head of the Irish Telephone: 3569. Volunteers had earned the undisg uised hatred Telegrams: "Meythe r, Dublin." of England. His own sister's house had 10 for 3d. recently been plundered by the police, and the CITY CLUB CIGARETTES. TRY THEM. lady herself threatened with arrest if she would not give the name of the owners of the revolvers which the Dolice found . He · was .guilty of T OBACCONISTS, . family pride when the new of this splendid example of E ngland's real love for the Irish 31 Exchequer Street and lOa Aungier Street. took pl ace. He came there on that occasion to Established 1894. congratulate the men of Derry on their A Smart Attire Proclaims the Man splendid appearance and the fine work they had done. Easy Payments at Cost P rices. He-£ame to B erry as a recruiting sergeant ! (Loud ·laughter.)- Yes, as a recruiting sergeant for the Irish Volunteers. (Sustained applause.) The Irish Tailor, The proceedings terminated by the singing 38 DRURY STREET, DUBLIN. of "A Nation Once Again."

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The Fianna oft.ieer will find· it a stimulatin o· ' . b practice to occasionally :,,~ithdraw -himself for · a few days from all contact with the affairs of his sluagh and: view the Fianna :i. as a whole. He should consider calmly ou; real strength in efficiency and organisation, exaniine critically his past efforts in the . light of their results, and ponder well on his future line of action both. in connection with his sluagh ai1d the Fianna ·in general. · A mental exercise su·ch' as this will hel:e him to see things in their trne perspective, and to understand clearly the relation of the boys' movement to the Irish Nation.

'* * * " A sl uagb of the F'ianna is like a company of soldiers in .action . I ts real strength lies not in itsel f, but as a unit co-operating with the other units of its battalion. If, as a company command<ir your company was ' ordered to take a position held by the enemy, let us say a hill in the line, of advance, you would not delude yourself into the belief that the taking of .that position, important though it be, meant the end of the fight. If you are a wise officer you do not allow the dan of the final assault to obscure the main features of the general attack. It ip.ay not even be wise for you to follow up the retreat of the enemy, but to entrench your position and guard against counter attack ; or it may be your obvious duty to cover with your fire the advance of the companies on your right or left. You do not forget that you are but a small unit in a big army.

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Na Fianna Eireann is now _five :years in existence, and I 'do 'not ' think- that fiye _y.ea rs· 11·ork has done Yery. much ~o;e than placed the organisation on .a sound b;asis. There is only a small fraction of the boys of Ireland who have pledged themselves · in the Fianna. · The great majority of the boys t_hroughout the country have heard little of the Fianna or have any· knowledge of the real meaning of the movement. The great work o.f organising the country is still before us. We must face the task with energy and enthusiasm. \¥e cannot afford ,to go plodding, along slowly as heretofore. Great changes in our national life are ·a head. We must be organised and strong if we are to prevent our movement being submerged , by coming crises. My advice to all our officers is: Make a strategical retirement and think it out.

The Dublin Fianna had a surprise visit from aterford ·on Easter their comrades from Sunday. Lieut. J as. Kavanagh of An Cheud Sluagh, at a few hours' notice, mobilized his platoon and pipers' baJ1d, and rnceived the visitors on their arrival at Kingsbridge . They were entertained by the President of the Fianna. at Surrey House, where a very pleasant day was spent.

Adjutant Eimhar O'Duffy, I.V., lectured to the Fi::j.nna Cadets on Wednesday last. His lecture on Camps and Bivouacs was followeclwith great i~terest by the cadets, many of whom were old campaigners in the art of camping.

* * It frequently happens that the officer beco1µes Capt. Sean Hewston is organising a camping engross~d with the cares of his own slu agh party for Whitsuntide. It is proposed to make that hE; often loses sight of th<; great aim of Limerick the venue for the camp. the Fianna: To train the boys of Ireland WILLIE NELSON . mentally . and physically to work for the independence of Ireland. He forgets that it is " Everything that is not Irish must be as much his duty as that any othe.r officer, to Foreign." IRISH GOODS think out plans to spread the organisation and . ONLY, propagate its principles amongst the boys of Irish Volunteer Tailors and· Drapers, Ireland. His sluagh is not the first and last of 11 UPPER O'CONNELL STREET, DUBLIN. bis d uty to the Fianna, l(·

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