The Irish Volunteer - Volume 2 - Number 21 by An Phoblacht

THE

EDITED BY EOIN MAC NEILL. V o l.

N o . 2 1.

( New Series.) I

NOTES..

•So Lweuty-eight members of the Dublin Coqmration bave voted an adJress to the new Lord Lieutenant and Governor Ge~e ral of l rel and. Twenty-eight is considerably less than a majority, of the Corporation, and Lord Wimborne wilr appreciate the compliment. H e will also appreciate the audible· searching of souls that went on when the spokesm en of the twenty-eight were producing their carefully formulated apologi es for the vote .

Alderman Quaid made a fresh bid for the He leadership of the New Imperialists. described the opponents of the vote as ' " cranks." A ·crank, I believe, is a piece of machinery used to com·ert movement m a straight line into movement in a sharp curve .

An1ong the various turns of the crank in the apologetic speeches, a few are noteworthy. Once more it was procl~imed that Home Rule is on the Statute Book. Rois in Dubh- ·I . want this account settled . Sean Buidhe---But I have drawn a cheque . for it. Roisin- You gave me no cheque . Sean- Oh, it is all right. I hav·e it in my cheque-book.

. An.o ther part of the apology was that Lord W~mborne is a declared Home Ruler. So is Mr. Asquith. So is Lord Cr~we. Are the twenty-eight F atbers satisfied with the latest de clarations of these ministers ~n the subject of Home. Rule ? In one respect it is a good thing to have th~ Home Rule Act in the Statute Book, just as it is a good thing to have the tem1s of the Treaty of Limerick in our history bo6ks: .. rt is there as a record and a warning. It places on record the exact· terms, cut down on their side to a minimum, to which · the Asquith Ministry stood pledged, and on the faith of which they were · maintained in office by the Irish Party. · Is'. > Lord Wimborne a .H ome Ruler according to the record in th e

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1, 1915.

SATURDAY, MAY

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Statute Book, or is h.e a Home Ruler according to the subsequent violation of that record ? 011 this point, the t webty-eight a f>Ologists were dmnb.

much national ity as the.i r favourite anima:J,; have_. \\Then ·Agricola had broken down the struggle of the Britons for liberty, he at o~ce began to provide them with public amuse'ments afte r the Imperial fashion, and, w~ltes 'his' * * * The "treaty ., in the Statute Book 1vas made · son-in-la:i'I' Tacitus, " the iguorailt p~p l e miswith the Home Rulers of Ulster as well as of took for civi lisation what was in fact a part Of the rest of Ireland. Is Lord ' wimborne for their enslavement." .The horsy people say that k<..>epi.ng it? That treaty concerns I rishmen they keep up a great Irish industry. · As ~ a more close] y tha.1!- treaties guaranteeing the matter. of fad, the hens a.rid ·ducks; that' are position of Belgium or Egypt .. Q uestion, are left to do their own d .ckling a.rid quilcking; not' the apologists and · ochers of .their k ind bring five times as ·much wealth into Ireland: · doing their best to c.-ondone the violation of the * * * Home Rule Treaty by fheir obsequious silence It is rur;noured that the Libera.! H.ome .R u Ie, on the point? · Ministry has taken the piedge. Some people . * * in Ireland a re afraid they may put it on the Perhaps the most amusing part of the Statute Book. apology was .the statement that Lord Wimborne * * was to be addressed as the representative, not Mr. Dillon has been SP,Caking m Glasgow: of Imperial ·domi,nation, but of the British H~ is reported to have spoken as follows: Democracy. The ~British Democracy was "Ir~land had pledged her honour .that , wh~n consulted about this represe n tati~' e of theirs her. de.mands were granted E~gland and ~r just to the same extent as the Irish Democracy statesmen would find in ·Ireland :i_ loyal · and . . was consulted on t~is point, or on any of the faithful friend in .the hour ~f danger. . Th~ political developments of 1914. So far · as British . Government, _re.l ying on their hon9ur, history .shows, the British Democracy never and in spite of th re;its and enormous pressure, se nt but one representative to I reland, and passed Home Ru le, . and was it to be said that that one was Cromwell. Cromwell's sucx:ess in they who h~d never broken a treaty .wer.e nc)w Ire land was due to the double-facing attitude to set an example of perjured men and broken of the Ormondites. faith?" .

The estimate in which the lrish people are held by the organs of the British Democracy was clearly enough shown when they expressed tl~e opinion that Lord Wimborne would be popular in Ireland because he is fond of horseracing . "Bread and horse-r~ces" was the prescription of an ancient school of Imperialists for keeping the Roman people in good humour. "B read and. water ai1d horse-races " is the modern · dose. And the hard-up apologist~, who failed to scrape up a majority of the Dublin Corporation to vote an ~ddress ' to . Oliver Cromwell's suc~ssor, did · not ~ven forget to put hors~-racing in' the apolo~y.

Horse-racing for lrdand . is qu ite 'in the fmperial line of busin~ss . The horsy cornrrnmity a1> a class in Ireland have about as

So, according Lo Mr.·. Dillon" 1relaQ~fs demands haye been granted. The Liberal Home Rule Ministry, or: the Union.ist--Libe'ral . Coalition, will not faii to note Mr. Di,l lon;s" declaration that Ireland's demands, as voiced · · by Mr. D il lon, have already 'been fulfi lled.

Mr: ·Dillon went on to declare himself riow to be " under -the flag of England~" ·Not even · the fl ag of the B ritish Empire, not even the. · flag of the" U nited" Kingdom,' b'llt the ft.ag ·of · E ngland. T his, spoken in Scotland, is a great score · for the doctrines of Dalmeny ·a nd the · Predomi'n ant P artne~.

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Mr. Dillon . is D<lt!lrally not con1foitabk When Mr. Dillon. is .uncomfortable, h~ . be~me~

THEdAISH VOLU,NTEEA. Those wh<;> Jon;t agree wit:b Mr. 1

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Di! l?;n;s_·" Jedg.r<ttioJ) . tha_h : i :ehi:;xi ,)~ .,,t[eat{; ~~-~;jQ~~? of.(1~1osc '' .~9 sup;;or,t~d ___Mr _-~eJm?1"9 bqX!;~~l;'''C;.lust:','r:~~F. .c!(ji:nan~s .~e!: ~:E~Ft~~i_:·:: .:..'.~:~~le '. lc£e : x,'.·~~ faithjfot~ t?'· bi~- .milnd,<1te' da: I{~t J,ei,;:µ)~e,( 1}1 Mr. "'l)i ll on·s.,;- vocabi~lary, :•:: a , qisgm:se fi:J.ii:t the i1; i1; 'igl;.tbours tha( the y .ha\:c

gros~ ,, co!1 t~mpt . of , mu~.t . anJ _Jea.IL wi.Lh accotdingl,y . . I ari:/~redlbly .i~formed thal such an aUernpt has recently ~ been made,. ·ii1 order. LO s~cnr'e_ that p erson: . political I y· obnoxious Lo Dublin <;:a~tle shall Ge tri ed , a~ far can ·b<; ' . rnai1age cl, in secrecy, a nd ·to r:o1wert the right of :pu~li c . ti:ial into a process of trial by Star Chamber. 1 <u11 like wise. credibly informed that this a ttempt is known to persons ,]u do ·e .comn1unicatio11 with Mr. Redmond a nd of!ic•. .iaL .-:.: . .. ·' his colleagues . No doubt, bowe.-er, Irish )Kl;1oi1r and duty demand that the right Df

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The grand merit of this ;;ew patrioti c Irish Volunteers, has also been able to force attitude is that~-- as' Mt. · Dilfon's friend.. (Mr:~-~=:-:dex~e-mpmeiifs'.01Hhe g teafbtifno1sefess PanjanPat ri ~k ~gan) .has said. in. a,pology to the free 'Irish' ]n " A~erica , it ls "~ ~~mpuls;ry attitude.. The ~IrISh pubtiC ·h as iiotfe:iiled fo

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interest . the grad ual and ,plainly .relu\:;tant steps , ~Y \vhi~h Mr. Pillon h~s beeriJorced. t~ ~~~TI; pace -~~it,h M~. R edmond. '"Left . incuqe !'.', has ' b~~~ · th~ repeate.d. ~o'n~mand,, . . un.tif .. th~: ,~;h6le directi~~ of ~~~ch has been ·~~;;~r.~e:l:]., a r;rJ Mr.. .Di\ioi) ~o;~peil~d t~ ~n~o\;~1c~ th;t~ " J relancf.s dem~1~ds l);v~ l;ieen · g~ante~l. '' ·: .. . '

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. -'.{:hi:! repQ~t attributes to . N~r...: DiUon .f .i.irthe r. lan.guag~ which seems strn,nge in the i110utb 9£ b is · fathe.r,'s SQ.IL , ", Qtl'Jers/' · he .i~ alleg~d to. have $ai,d, '',whose. );l lUTIQerS were· Yery_.mii1ute, : had sent a message to the Kai_ser of Ge rmany that .if he l.anded in Ireland there would . be a ris;;;g fn his. fa,"-ou'r / · fr . ~fr. Diii~n is as, "loyal a;{d. faithfJi to 'E1;gland ; nd he r statesnien " as his reported· words ind icate, bis .plain . duty is to lay his information on thi s point '. before the E ngli sh authorities . 'fo w_ithh~l d from them the facts·6n " 'h]ch such a statement is i>aseci is a treasqnable offence und~r i~ ngli's h'. Ia1i·. The a uthoritiys , howe\·er, will probably be .s ati~fied with the.'ass istan6e and encourage1i-ient affo rded to thei~ by M~. Diit01~ ·s K iiig's ' e~·' i dence in the repor:ted ·forn1, ·a ncl tbe Irish victi1i1s of pol iticai perse'cution, ·st11l rari1pa nt . uncle~ the 0;.,.ttise ' of" Defen r~ of the R ea lm .," · • Wti J be for eYe r' g:rate-fl;l to the Jl CW CQJnjntl s0 ry pai riotism. " ·X·

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J\lr. D illo1t wo ul d like h i · Glasgo w hearers to Lel ie,·e that those who criticise his" policy, .. tl~;i\ i. to say, the pol icy whi r h ha-s beeri forced on · bi 1~1 ; "ai·e a rapid!)' <lwindli.ng number, a nd 11 we~e n6f eyer numerous." The "policy · of

µer~istentl y saying that all Ireland and all Ameri ca are wild · i1·ith enthi.1siasm for Mr. Di llon's unc~mfortabie position n1ay be left to work ibelf out. J t i: a pity when all is so jol ly Lhat- Mr. . Pil\011 J1~m'self is- n~t more cheerfu l.

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public trial, like the pledge to give up jurypacking, and the pledges embodied 'in the S{atute BQOk, sha)l be offered up as F ree .Gifrs of a Free People .

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The conduct of the Crown in the Enniscorthy trials "nds : l~~n-wMl , 'whai: might be expected. Mr". BoTgkr \ 1·is arrest~d· in February and held f6r'.·tri ~i"~n ·A.pril~ Why \ 1,lts h~ ; 0t · hied?

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WhetT Mark Tw ain read rie wspape1' re{iort of his own death , he wrote to .the p ress to say that the" report was greatly exaggerated·. Tli e sa111e applies t? the opening sentence q uot ' d The case, wbate,·er it is, is complete in · the hands of the Attorney General. And yet .the belon· from America, a leading' Catholic or~an ai::d.\iec:hs' & n!ed the ri:ght of trial a~d held a in the Un ited States . The remainder of the. l; tisone; f rorii ··. F ebiuity to April, when be r1uotati.on giYes such an accurate summary of sh~uld . '&:en ' tr:ied, and no'w from _l\.p~il my advice that I am glad to reprint it : " The Jris/t Tl olunteer has been suppr~ssed. tlntil the;next' :i :. i ~e, a11d the Attorney General The editor Professor John Mc:Neill , who O]'.>poi-es. ·:ii~ · ai)p licati o~1 for bail. , Under the is presiclent of the section of the Volunteers drcumsta11 ce5", th~ '.oi:5tion of be.ing tried in the that adhere to the origiBal purpose ()f COUrt martial Orcil11ar\· , ' cou~t rather than bY' def endi:1g h :eland on its own sqjl, >Yas cfoes iiot appear to be much of a benefit, and. ' w.i th no seditious utterance or other charged · the Attort1e)· Generai might jut as well close offence under the D efence of the R ea Im the courts al tof?ether to trials of this kh1d · and Act. Speak in g to the Cork Volunteers, he anno unce by edict ' his power of imprisonment attributed the supp res ion of his paper a nd without trial o uring his ow1i l:ileasure . the confiscation of its [printer's J propertie ·1'* 'to bis arraignment of the GoYernment for It is.· JlO)Y· some years since Mr. Bi rrell,. who bad faith on the. q uestion of Home Rul e, is still .supposed to be i~1 cJ1 ~ rge at . D ublin and he warned the entire membership that Castl e, -gaYe a public pledgy :to : Mf Redmond they must not p ermit the ill egal smothering )n ~he }mperial Parliament _that jurypackin g of legitimate opinion, which Underwoul d be qbandoned rn Ireland.. . Mr. Seqetary i\ athan was enforcing throughout Redmond, ..less tried and experienced than at the country, to goad them into making ra sh I resent, refrained from demanding that thi s reprisals or establishing secre t societies. particular p ledge sqo.u ld be placed on the They mu t JJOt go underground, but extelld Statute Book. .Now that w ha,·e got Horne and p,erfect their military organ isation in the Rul e and a better constitution than Grattan's, open, and hold the m:elves disciplined and a ne w eTa and a union of hearts ,- now that re'a dy to defend t.hei r countr/s interest: and " Jre la!](l's de mands ba.ve been granted " to the p rcse n ·e it s national integ rity whe n liettcr . satisfaction of .Mr. Dillon,- would it be too Lhiys a rri,·· .;; much .. for ." Irish h~nour and duty " to insist Eorn M1> c NEJ LL. that the l .rish Home ~ul e law ·officer · of. the Crown sh<\ ll recogn ise the same rights of trial l1y j ury in Ireland',as are rec~gnisecl in Grea t NLARGEME.NTS- 20 x L6- life-size Brita in? · pririts, 1 / 3; finished, 4 / 6; frame d, ro / -. -le· ROE McMAHON (D ep t. L . ), 1. 1 ,H arcourt . (J nc of the essential. characters 6f the Street., Dubl in. ad~~i1)i st;·ati·01; ~:f la·\\; ~hrough - the . ordi1~ary .

~ otwithsta nding all- t® effonsof. the ,i\ {lthaq;il . organs, . over. whic~ · Sir ·. Matthe;,. h_~s ~-i;ipw : . .

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Jemands ba.-e been gra n.ted 1;'. dW!thy_. of a,n)' 011 the cotirts was denolfoced by tne judges as a Key less L eYer, " hose · a,·ernge Yan a t10n 1s lcs~ ·t)1an . ., a minnte a month. ~-· · . more serious criticjsm thap is co1,ita ined jJ1 the nefarious .a buse. I do - n :ll rlouht that any · ,:,. GANTER BROS.) " 1 prn\:erb, needs mnst \\'hen·. the _' "levi l__,c]riw:": . att6ihp i."' tr1' \ 1{th fere «· ).tl{' the 1~uhlicl.ly· of ' tfi~ 63 SP;~t.h :9reat peor~e·s ~treet, DUBLIN . . 7 i\.nd' ·-'-'f~''~i~r{e :gf: ti1e "'~:Jore's ' 6f':~:~ohfideii2~ o rd'f1~~liy " ) \t;; l~·; : ,:if i't' '. 'l:)ed~~ ::_ ki16';n . f ;, . ~ ._ ·_./..:::.~ ;.. ·':'~·.· ~ ·~: . .~-.:.r,:' r. ::..,.~·~:~~.::t·:t~.:: .:.·:·. c...:.{.~;;.C1 :: ii :".:~;1·. ·: .•> ~ :· ·· . , ~,

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Warfare on Irish Soil.1

SPECIALLY CO~TRlB liTED TO THE ''IRISH . VOLUNTEER ,. BY TH;E A,UTHOR. OF THE . WAR :);OTES RE CE NTL Y PRI:\TED J:\ · 1'HIS PAPER

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.-~1 ., ,.. ,. r. : ,,., ,.·~» .:··.-·:--.t :.:'. :;· .~:· ;,. . A;·ve ry . ·,consider.~bk · incre~se · ;ii1 . :tJ:ie.. ~qta 1! Flli-mbeis oif:the IVisH Vohinteers can tJe obtained by the foriiihtiori lof'-lsofa'ted ; setdor1~ here and there. There are many )?laces whe:r;e _in exfa.~ i_p:g-: ;°i:f]'r~j\5tari~es ~t_'~S e~ffi_C()j~ 'fr1.t ·otj,e '.l\~.i.sQ.1i or anothe r t<?,fQ~ fl- SQ.!1';P\\~Yt ~ ..,:f3.Bt there . is no p.lac_ef , ;\Vhere.. tne/e. :flo .Bot ex~st ,te,n _or a:. p@zep .. ,· . . ,• . ·' '' .... • men Of tlie rig}ifit<i.~p_. ;;: a1ifl.·th~~ are scattere~l

THE__PREl'-..,'iRA1,' I O~ ~:n~· -1MB,U$(:_AP;ES .Lt is a well-known military axiom that night JJ1ere ..a;re :IT.l<l:ny Joya!j.~ie.s , U,1 - e:very , pJ1r:~ ;,Of Operations need Yery good trQOps, . ai1clJ .the lfe1a?-1 whe~~ a. .c.q\t1iwi °'f t:r90ps, a !:O!}yo~ : ?li occasion,s are numerous 01i:·1irfi!ch n:ighr opera- the hire cotrld 'be ·· ·a m.bushed and <lestr:oyed. tions have met with disaster. .:Still ' tliere -are Stich, operations as ,this <1re par6cuhfrFy-' suit1 cases in lvhich the resul ts of .a su~cessful night- able .t o th,~ sm<!U , .~HJ.its; , 9-f ,)v.h:iql'.l -:t:h.e. :Irish ::ittack would be s9 impoftant _as_ to fully justify. Volunte,e rs are corpposed.1. and :wor<;p~·.ef._apl):);it ~Wf Ir7_1~{i0. 1l\f{~ ;:;'t ,1}1,!~?~r, pf. yi~s~ ~~aj\~ :dt o'rdinary : risks·: -It is quite p0ssible that of being .abundantl y ·practised iii ·uie"course or ttess that tlie num~r~ .o,f.Jpe 'Volunteers might ci:tcttmstantes ·,m:ig.b.t .4r1se to ·make if aaVisable Volunteer -traini-t1g, , ; T'ne '. pr'epafatfon ~of: afr P.Q§~i!lly be . clbJ.l:bied:;' i:f sepa.rate .Lsections ·Of -for a corpS; .- -P-f: hish V9l].mteers -to c;auy, out ambush ..ani:l the.,s-µpsequeab attaek .can _e:asil:y.; tfv.13. j<inc;l : we:e.~/o.rme,4 ,:~Y~YW:11t;re.. ,;;: ,. !'· . some enterprise by pight, and in' such a case be. fitte9 .into .a .S,1,1,11, da¥'s exercise; ·. and; Qn .the 'For such i:nu1or uruts as , these a different it would be quite inexcusable to hold off simply other 'hand,-· the 'faCt' that the column .to be sysforiF iif 'tiai.ning "~6ul d ;l:k 'ii~eaecC :;_rh~); ambushed wiil ...be '. c:O~p~lleti :fo ' take . spe2iaI would , be too ·-sm:alJ to a:ffori:l .a ~ r'egul ir instruc~--aj:l~--i:~- -\-\'tl-S--:nee.e&$:ary:·1:0;-aet:·:at night . · fo the ord.inary way the Irish Volunteer Corp~ p reca.utions iri· :the .'way: of .scoutii1g will atsd tor;,·1too.urgh. tbey-:coulel be •visited from time to ~V-e small ~ enough . to :00., quite-welliµ hand at prove of thi highest v~h.1e. . . . . . .. ti,qi~) ,by, ,-<t:'\U:/ft;i~~r: 1rom :ij~a-clq~ta,rt~rs. . '.T.hey night. With a certain amount of speCial tr_?.inThe follow\ng ,syste~ or preJJaring __.~ ·fi~ld could, howevei:, easily _study tQ.~ nei ghb~r)!)g illg_.tb..eJ-._yvjjj __p_rQYe ..-1".'~l~ e.q.u<J.l .to any task of exe:rcise of this kind \¢ill be' found perhaps the country, acquire a knowledge of' fi&-arms ·and this kind that !nay be set them. most convenient. The commanding •o fficer ,of· a' their use, lea~n , .h<J.w .-,to-, ·a dapt the, -natura I The foUowin~ extract from a letter of a Vcilunteer Corps, or some responsible sub- f,~j;JJr~~ . of . giroµnd ; ito~ defence, . an(! keep in _give a good ordinate, selects a ~ui{aMe· spot- for the arnbush C.<?.~£!.::.~IC~ ~}l,1.~ -~~~-;f<?!.:PS .f>k.:.-:@~J-::.-;WA : Britisl')., offie'.e'r ' ).ri :;Flanders instance dHhe re~arkablereSults to be attairted -,--which shouZd qe at least aiJ .hour's. march.fr,pm Much of .,~his kipd o~ km;>wle(ige . <"an -~~ ,obby: :1-Udicious methods · at -night: .__" About 4--3-o th:e headquaiters~a couple of days in advance , taMJ¢'G :.by{ p~ai::tii;:e out o.'f <;!~is in stiaj:m~r , aq ..eng.agemep;t - · started ., on · o~\ r left, . .sG w _e. reconnoitres the grot'i-rid ' and surround'htg ·cour'i"' coupled with i.ntellj.g~nt rea<;ljng . of ,servi<"e <}u1c9}; Jumped bacl~ in~o t)le tr~ch and_' sfood' try ,at his .il eis.~:re; :and ,decides on -:his.> p:l.a:n of· n:i~,I.U!.a!.ef: .: ... : -·· ' ... _'__ '...· -~ :::.· .:...--:::-::: w·:·· arm :'. It · was still' · dark, so fea ring a1'l actio:q.. . I n t/u: sl!bS(Iqffe,n t ia,ctic.al exercise th~{-, . Tt--Zvould be friosr·of a) I advisable if -a.Ti the. a lt!l r'k we opened ·fire where we imagined the officer shoul(l,, .of course, .c ommand the ambus- i'neilitiefr ·.6£ su~l{ sma'tf\.1n]fs th~s~ e11emy to be, not being ,a qle to s~e any th ing. cade, no(·tlze main body. The only 1nforn1a'.) cycli~ts;"'~.}tho~igh tfilis ~s . not _i.1~d~si:>en~~l e., At chybreak we were very . surp ri sed to fiqd tiol) given .to the officer .commanding :the ·111·ain: ~ ut. ,Jf .~ rhey wer,e a ll ~ c-y;cbsts ,;t.b.~y would be' hasty entrenchments acros · bur front . about column ·m·a rching . out wo1Jld be .to. march .on: easily able to join the nearest full Company and' 40 yards a w·a y, \vhen the day before they had such-an.d-s uch a road ,at some point on which wo u~a. -pro'Ve a very welCtm\.e rerri'for2emeli'f"f0' been fully 2 50 yards back. We had nev:er he would be ambushed. It would 'be his busi- it.. ·u ·is dear .that eYer)·thi-ng tha;t cari -·be ;c.fo'ne heard .t)1em digging in spite of havin,g a listen:, ' ness then to fake. the proper counter-mea;mres. ought ,t o 'be done . to in_cr~as". the . strength l.>f ing patr91 otit every hour.';; This affair is very The. most com·enient system w:ill be for the the. V.ol unteers, and as far as can be ju_dgecl , instructive on ·several points. It shows · how cyclist portio_n of the corps to for.!TI the ambush, this is a direction in which w.i th a little- effort· 1·ery .close it .is possible to get under cover .of for this system greatly econorb.ises rime. The something certainly can be d0lle. It is 1:iof·,too darkness, and the consequent need for the .nl0\t detachment can ride off quickl y ·to the require·d high an .i d,eal to set .before the ~n of Ii:e1apd rhorough reconnaissance , everi at night . . Note point, and should have all its arr_q,ngements that there should be a dozen trained meo in also the feigned attack at another point , unde_r completed befor e the a:clv:iriced scouts of the e1·ery parish in the coun try___:a form icfahle fore<> cover of which the Germans were able to steal approaching force can observe them. "'hen a 11-'s sa i cl and <lone.. · Cyclists possess certa in great advanta ge.s .in up u9observed. . .. · There is no need to point out '. how' . easy ..a any enterprise of this kind . Their mobility . . .. . ,. . ~.: ,. ·.~ ' , .. ~ : s urprise of this kind is in an in tersected coui1~ ·e nables them to reach a suita:bk po.i nt yery rry ;l ike lreland . By proper use of all t he : rapidly., and ~qually to escape ..safely if pnhedges and fe.n ces a small , well-l1andled p-a.rtM'.. success:t:u1 in completely -surp rising the enemy_. Undelivered"":.:t·~e : tt6rs~=--· could easily ste,al close in unoµs erved, beat up Again, it may be possible to withdraw by aii . .· ,,_ . . ;: -_ . ~~: :·.:··:.:the enemy's bivou acs, and create untol? con- entirely distinct route. For•example, ·the am-' .· :~. ·•· · ·" ·· fus ion in his forces. Cont imfed e nterprises of bush may ·b e in a wood be.twe.en .two ,para,lle,l. Lhis kirid very quickly impair tlie effectiveness roads, anp the machines may l:Je ?ta.eked <;>n the.. .:..~-s .· 1 the.· Garrrisol'J· . stop · l>nr . :letters\ ·:. wh Y of the troops th us harassed. Thi s method of road away from that on w'hich fhe ambush i ~ shou,l d'n':t we · stop theirs? H e,re i ~ a .chpi.ce. attacking the enemy's biYouacs was on num~r being laid. In the orcfinary course th is wi-11 specimen: · ous occasions put in practi ce by the Boers; w1t'h not qe reconnoitred at all by 'the appmachi1Jg : D UB~IN ·\:b;i~\~~,. . . . ' crreat effect. . . . col.umn. . . ..... '. ...... ·.. Saturday." . The most favourable time for attacking a M-y Dea·r Downing 'S:fre~t, " The ordinary rules gornrning the conduct.of .. . niaht operations can be found in any text-boqk , convoy is when 'i t is passing through "'w'.oods; ·a: : It has struck me th:<11t .. . we .w~ght · iew:p.l: o.y,.. and shoul d be thoroughly studied . In Ireland defile, ·or over a bridge; :w:hen it is going against the Jrisl1 Vol ui;it~rs, d propos. :.o,t ,.tpe i.t m.iaht often be necessary fm a small force around a sh~ bend in the ,r.o;'ld ;. whe.o as<:;eL1µto p:Ss through a fence in single file by a ing o r descending diffici.ht slppes or passii1g · stink bombS ~1se0 1)y the. Hi,fris, a " powerfol · local agerit .. "Agent>"' is 'the:·worrl . The Irish narrow gap.. In such a case one officer s~oul d over bad 'sections ofthe. road; when it is for m-· remain on the near side ·of the g:tp ·unti l all _ ing Jaager for :the :night :; when the ·teaITuS .are : Daily T elegra ph ca lls the stink in tl:te bornbs have passed thro ugh, and shoul d then "bring u p being .,wate~ed; o_,r _-generally ·when. _the cqn~li:· , -an ag:et;i,t:.. The-reJo:r.:e., J -: ~rngge,s:t that ,w,e lease the rear. Another officer should! -be at the head · tions are such that the e,scrut can not qujckl y the pe'ifuine of th~ Liffey at l.o\\· tide: . We must be up-to-date' iri -our methods.. I of •the column . v ery often it <.vill be found prepare for defence. ·-'A: ·coiuinn of hoops may : that a ~p:(ic e·wftere on_e nran 'at ·a time can pass be attacked in pra<;ticallx sjJ.1!,ilar circumstanq;s hac\;.e Ibegti-n ite ':revise::Gr.ay's,· iEoo-gf.~ -+.'.T .:.. . exists at th'e fobt of _i:z .-large $r,e e,. £~ch a tree · - but in this case care riiust "be taken to escape " :F 11ll :;rna:i:iy a:,b<>qr~ ~i s J;i.r~<l; f<;> b~rs.f. u11seeri..-· is also a. aood fanfrrri.ark ; ·and' is better lo make the observation of _:soouts . : The advance gixattj And waste its sweetness on the. desert a.ir." f~i' lhan ipy 1rnphazard sectibn ~of t~e hedge. shmild . pe a!low~<l ,.to Ha~s, . ~d . th,e . IHa;~n .b<;>.Qy ~ · i ~~~- 't'l~e Jris~i Daily 1,"e-j'e'g1'clpj1 ·i-ef~rred 'to' On more than one QGCasion small parties of the atta,cked.. . . AccorcJ.ing:· . ~o _. CHctJ._mstances " t:he . the--'s-6-rrk: oomb :a.s ·a ··<.! fia.gh:dt !Pfe~h. of . the : Volunteers have made a very good show at centre; reai."; or "head arid rear 'of the column · Hague C01t.v.en,:~i9.µ ''.--:r-sl<l.reJy " fi;a,g r!!-nt " ~<,mJ ~l . crossing cotintry by 11igbt: in thi:s fashion._ . _ ma y :l)e attacked. [ f the party is: judic,-:iomsly ; b.e . a be~te.r ,,term . ... :. '. ·; ._,.... ,;. .. . .·.. .: Anothecimpo1;ta!1t poin:t t~ remember is :that ha;11.dled: ~~,Ij' _:.!nfer:iq.r; fqr,c:es ~ · inf.ii.~ ,gcrie.v~ : . I 'm a~atj1y in ~arries't_ aoouCthe l ease of the !·, ·!:J:f\ve·:aon't :gei:...-1f;: :t4aose·'Ce. lesti a!J.-. ~ fi sh.: at. n i.ght SllJ!ei;iority of .~rms ..~~pf,no avaiL :. A . ou~ lQs~, a,qc!, iJ ,th.~,,,a.t~s:f,¢9 .. ~()lEn:!J- .f aJls;,L~,t<? , V ·j {~t ,-. ·'JJ--a,,..,;,...rt:'in1"i*_, .:it. ....,,_.' ''· : <- ... :...-.... -.....,,"'"' <T . :1·:; heavy d'iib . iS:-pi~. Ctic;~ll y as usefti1 ·as a ·mag'a'·, di sorde:r 1t rria f~asii:y·M-oom p letel y·'aestroyelJ;: " •9 :t.... ee<r~. '·"" i ._ ,,~ ..--t· 1:-" ''>f'i~e~ ';$fride&t·· :P,~aliti<;l'.iis . n)U;St;. ;be.' . .' f a:ken : <to·> c.:J _ ;:, :~:.-:;.c::.~ .. .:::i · Y f~Yf'.O~tp;-;.''.:: . : ,,.~ ~·.i '.'.>..~ ~, : zrrre·1!fie: t 1+r·: tlie qarkitess :'fi:re-a6foi1 is '.' 6f'.' small· arrount- the men fri:e '.'.Wildly and often el'lfQr1'e.: siww·~ cm t~-:tir>ops:_lyj.rig, jn . ~ m_hv.~~; : ,: ; -~~:·,; , -, ::? :;.~· . '_:..:,::.''. " f[ _:.:._;;-,;, ..~ '.\SHA. ~ .. t

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THE IRtSH VOLUNTEER.

. ,.:,_ ,

'·

-CAELS ! Remember an Irish . .Irela:nder. when .you want New . or Secondhand Typewriters, Duplicators, ·Stencils, Stencil Ink; . Ribbons, · Carbons, Any make of Papers, &c. Typeuit.er Repaired. THE FOLEY TYPEWRITER TRAD.ING 00. Reis Chambers, DUBLIN.'

Telephone

iny.

ARTISTIC · PJiOTOGRAPHERS. Por,traits, Family Groups, . I;Iouses, .etc. Everything Photog~aphic, from a Sticky Back · to the 18:rgest Oil Painting.

The~ Franco~Portrait Studios; GRAFTON ART STUDIO,

t ·l'l Grafton Street; 46 ·Harrington Street, 85 Talt ot Street, 11 Lr. .Camde0: Street and, 39 Mary ·street, DUBLIN• .

All literary· ·communications· for the " Iruh V9lunteer" should .be addressed in future to VOLU~TEER HEAD~UARTERS, 4.l Kildare Street, DUBL.IN. All communications re Advertisements · to be add ressed to the · IRISH PRESS BUREAU, 3o Lower Abbey Stre.e t, DUBLIN.

get int:o tbuch with individua~s here a.nd there who are fa sympath)1 wit:h the. Ii~sh v~J1¥1te~rn and who would be able, with a little hel p from Hea<lquarters, to .organise · new Comp~nies, H alf-Companies, or Sco~ting Sections. O~~:rs and other Volunteers who are in a pos1t1on to lend a hand in this. most important branch of our work should communicate immediately with the Director of Recruiting. A

SPECIAL RECRUITING NUMBER.

In connection with the campaign a special.

Recruiting Number of the "Irish Volunteer " will be .- issued about Whitsunti<}e. It will contain matter of a propagandist nature which will make it appeal to a wider circle than can the average number of the "Irish Volunteer, " with its strictly military tone and its technical a rticles . The "Irish Volun~eer " is publish~d prima ril y for Irish Volunteers, but' the Recruiting N umber will be published primarily for those who are not yet I rish Volunteers . Company Officers should make arrangements for ,a wide and effective distribution of the special number. \

RECRUITING MARCHES :

Recruiting Ma.n:;hes should be promoted everywhere. Jn many places they have proved fruitful even beyond expectation, The public of a district cannot fail to be impressed by th'e orderly march of obviously disciplined ·and tra ined men, Our discipl ine and our training a re J our most valuable assets , and well•-;.;.•. organised marches of trained and disciplined :. l'he . Ceµtral Executive of the Irish Volun~ ' Volun,t~rs will be .found by far the most tee~s· . me( at Headquarters on Wednesday effective of a ll recruiting de\1ces we can eY,ejiitig; 21st inst., Erofessor Eoin Mac Neill, employ. After all , the best claim we can ma.ke P.r;es-id~nt1 in the ,chair. upon p ublic support. is to show that we are : ··Reports on Organisation, Training; and not a sham. i.1inance wer~ cxmsidered. T HE D UBLIN MARCH. ' °Fiigbl~ . ~atisfactory reports from the Organisers operating i.n Counties Kerry , The Recruiting March of the Dublin . ~jm~nGk, and~"Galway were received, and also Bri gade on Sunday, 18th inst ., was an extra-

:'T he Irish Volunteer SATURDAY, MAY 1st, 1915, =====

r.~~adquarters'

r-P0fft'0rtthe'

Bulletin.·

speei ~1 w'°eek'~· tiaini~i· i~: :Kii~:

1{'.eri.r;iy.,lfn$1 -W~terforq. . ... ,

... ~~ ~ ·S-· <.; .,..v1 ,1'-.'I.~ .'. ~ :, ., :_, · ·'· '-· ~~ ; " " , ~ }'he . General Council µiet on Sunday, 25th i:tlst., ·the Ptesiderit iri the chair. · The Central EX;frutive ·reported ·on the - month's ,work . F inance, Affiliations, · Insurance, a nd Recruiting were specially dealt with. . The. forthcoming issue, about Whitsuntide, of a ' special Recruiting Number of the "I rish Volu.~.teer !' .was ·announced . FI;~d(luarters; 41 Kildare Street, ;~ ".· . ,:b~blin, 26th April, 1915 . . •'.'· < "

NO'I'ES 'F ROM HEAPQUARTE~S : , • ·. , ,', .

1 .

R]!;CR1JITING.

~.l l the si@S go to show

tha.t the Irish Volunteers ate, iti fot period of vigorous and s uccess£~ · rec[ 1,1iting. , ~ompanies everywhere a~.e .w~rking pp .tQ. . fµIl _stre~gth, old mem}?ers . coming back and ne\v members joining. The . · · Executive has decided to seize · the ni.omenf to push ·~~ its :Reel1.liti~g, Camp~ign . . A Director of Recru.iting has been appointed whose duty . it will , be to advi!le · lOcal' commanders, to st:ppl ~;· them with recruiting literatu"'re, and to

_....__

ordinarily impressive display . It was the largest tum-0ut of Dublin Volunteers that has C\'er been seen in our streets : larger than . the lJowtb muster or any · other · of the big city musters of last summer. But more impress.ive than the size of the column was the obvious fact that every man in it was trained. In this it differed from all our early marches. We have now a year and a-half's training behind us, and more espe~ially the· steady, systematic, a nd espe0all y-adapted training of the past four months . It is not surprising that the march made ~ deep -impression on .the city, and that ·practically every Company rePorts a notable a~ssion .?f strength. C-0NFE~CES .

Saturday, May 1st, 19 I 5.

proved . so _fruitf1.1l in Dublin.. that .the .Headquarters' St·:'lff urges on lor.al Comma.n<lants and County. Hoards to promote similar .conferences m their respective districts . .... .... '~ HEADLINE S.

H ere are. head lines for all conferences of officers and for the activities of all Battal ion and Company Commanders during the next few months: 1. Recruiting. 2 . Mobilisation Schemes. 3. Training. (a) Target-Practice. (b) Scouting. (c) Forced Marching. Taking it for granted th~t Arming goes on all the time, this _may be regarded as a 'l::ompl,ete Vol unteer pn?gramme for the present.

Cumann na mBan.

REPORT OF PROGRESS . Since, the Convention in Dublin last December, the work of Cumann na mBan has been The Executive progressing satisfactoril y. Committee then elected consisted of fourteen members, two of whom have since withdrawn their names and have been replaced by cooption. The Executive now consists · of the following :- Mesdames Colum, M'Neill, O'Rahill y, Tuohy, Wyse Power; Misses Bloxham, Dobbs, Gavan Duffy, M'Coy , Ylac Swiney, O"Flaherty, Treuseach, Walsh . During tJ:e months of March and April the Southern Branch.es were visited by Miss M'Carthy, oaganizer for Cumann na mBan. She held . successful meetings 111 ·Cork, K ii larney, and Limerick, where the society has flourishing Branches; and also es tablished p romising new cent~es at Tralee and Dingle. She is at present visiting Wexford 1 meeting the members of existing Branches at Enniscorthy and Wexford town, and arranging to organize new Branches in other districts. Miss M'Carthy's tour having proved so successful and so helpful to country Branches, ,it is hoped to arrange shortly fo r a similar tour in other parts of Ireland .. The Executive Committee have pleasure ,in announcing receipt of remittance for £6 1 ros: forwarded through thei r organizer, Mr. Wm . Col um, by Cuqia.nn na mflan Branches in the United States .

A Return to National Sanity.

, The most largely-attended meeting of Dublin Officers that has yet been held was that BY A. N EWMAN. which met on t he 11th inst. to hear tb.e Director People have been going about-I mean the of Organisation's criticism of the . Easter. people who are not '"actively associated with Mobilisation · and OJ>erations: . A.nother Wellattended meeting was h~ld on the. 24th inst. to either Mr. Redmond or ·ourselves--and they confer with the Director of Training on various have been say.lng of us: "The Irish Volunteers . aspects of trruhing . These conferences have ha'"~ won. V.Qlen they come. to us they say:·

• Saturday, May 1st, 1915. ''. You have won, .there's no . doubt - about ·it. '' .\ u \\' it is not my rl e~ irf' . no r. T c;in ;iss nrc . yo u, is it Lhe desire uf those with whom l a rn . associated, to do any crowi ng. I have not ciuite made up my mi.nd whether it is desirable to ana lyse what anyo.ne m~ght mean about us when he says: " You have won, there's no doubt about it. " Analysis of ten disturbs one's sense of proportion . You k'now wha t is meant by the phrase; "You have won,'" as applied to us; so do I; and th at's enough for both of us . Don't you know vvhat queer things people are? Haven't you sat in the room with someone who .was very angry or frightened; and without a word being said, you were conscious of th at individual's emotion? It is so with the crowd . T here are d ull crowds, interested crowds, ang ry crowds. You can feel their being one of these things without -a single individual uttering a word. It is so with nations. You can feel the way the ;.;-ational sympathy is tending, and it is through a conscious11ess that the National instinct is sound , that the National .instinct is with us, th at people are led a t the p resen t time to ~ome to us. an d say : " You've won , there's no doubt about it.'" When peop le Lalk of winning , one immediately thinks of a contest. A.nd, af ter all , what rnntest are they talking about in this p articular ·case ? How we take things for granted ! And when we come to consider some apparently : imple idea, how 1·ery complex it turn s out to be ! Take an intellectual jump to the year i. 965 , and look back, and ask yourself: "Wha t were these people in confl ict about in the year 1915 ? What represented one side, a nd what represented the other?" F rom that d istance of time you will have little difficulty in coming to a true conclu ion . You will d iscover .that· the easiest way of arriving at the cause of .the confl ict wil l be to con sider the symbols which distingu ished the cambatants. And then you will . say to yourself: " Oh , the Irish Volunteers stuck t0 the Green Flag and the Golden Harp f rom th e very start; and the .leaders of ttie Parliamentary Party tried to force the U nion J ack upon their followers ; and it seemed, at first, as though their followers were prepared to discard their K ational Flag and adop t the smybol of Empire." An d then you will look back and read the history of these present cl ays, You will read about suppressed papers, imprisonments, feloncsetting, loss of employment, house-searching for those who would not accept the Union Jack. And you wi 11 see that the peop le of Ireland begai1 to wonder if, after a ll , there was real liberty under the flag of Ernpire in the land where me n, w4o clung to \he ancient banner of their nation, ·were , persecuted; and whether, after .all , it was an hono.urable and a . decent thing for men to be satisfied with the comfor t and security which is the reward of any obed2ent ·slave. And then you wi11 see that the Irish pe.o ple openl y admi tted that the men wlio refused to change l heir flag were the winning men, an~ that an y policy which demanded a change of fl ag' was no policy fo r the Irish N ation!

THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.

l,_v_1c_r.oR_I_Es_oF_1. ... ~-~~-EG_u_LA_-R_TR_~_o_Ps_.."'___-..J,.J VI. -- MAJUBA HILL. f n .l p ril, 18n, England annexed the Boe r

South African Republic to her E1n pire. The Hoers, thinking it useless to resist, rem ai 1~ed in a state of sull en quiet. Sir Garnet Wolseley decla red . that "so long as the sun shone and ·the Vaa 1 river flower to the sea the Trans\·aal would remain British territory ." In March, r88o,. Mr. Gladstone became Premier m Englan d, ·and the Boers, imagining that he would act up to his speech.es when in opposit ion, · called on him to repeal the annexation. Of course their request was curt] y re fused, and at las t, in Decem;ber, 1880, they hel d a mass ' meeting to p roclaim their independence. Kruger, J oubert, and Pretorius were elected to carry on the government of the re-establi.shecl republic, who ·e capital was fixed at H eidel burg . Immedi ately the Engli sh ·.garrison.s at Pretori a and elsewhere were besieged, and a relief co lumn ma rching from .L ydenburg to Pretoria was cletroyed at Bronkhoist Sprni t.

top, across which is a rocky reef about 4 feet high . Its circumferynce is about 1 , 200 vards. The lower slopes ar~ grassy , but near the top the sides of .the hill are rocky, with deep hollows . The Boer camp was on the lower ground to the north-west.

PRELIMINARY MOVEMENTS .

Al though th Bbers were only capable of · puttin g· at most 8,ooo men in the field, the Engli sh hurried reinforcements to Afri ca THE B Nl' TLE . which · woul d soon ha ve brought their garri son there to a strength of 20 , 0~0 . :But Sir George On the night of F ebruary 26 Lh , Colley left Co lley, th Hi gh Commi ss ioner , was deter- the can1p with 650 officers a nd men. Dropping mined to set out at once to relieYe the besieged some detachments at Inguela H ill and the ~ek garrison . H e left Newcastle on J an uary the between it and Majuba, the ·force commenced 24th , 188 1, with 60 officers and r ,zoo men , and the toilsome climb up the sides of the latter. entrenched h imself at Mount P rospect on the The men were heavy ·laden with ration. and 26th. Hi s force was utterly inadequate for the ca rtridges, and only 400 succeeded in reaching task before it , but Colley had great contempt the summit at 5 o:clock in the morn ing . for the Boers, and exp1Cted to accomplish bi s When the Boers, 2,000 f eet bel.01:V , saw that object rapid ly and easily . T he Boers, as a the hill was occup ied their fi rst impu lse was to ~ a fter of f act, were r1uite untrained, qut were fly. General S~ij t however rallied them, a nd all crack sl;tots. sent a number of young men tc skirmish up the On the 28th Colley's further progress was mountain side . T hey went up , using the scrul> .: stoppe<;l · by a seYere reverse a t Lang's Nek , • and stones as cover , whi le picked shots among 11·here the Boer marksman · showed what he tbe older men acted as supports from below. could do in face of artillery. The ': Re lief niping at' an y E nglish head that showed _itself Column " was . now practically in a sta te of on the skyline . siege itself in its camp on Mount Pleasant,The English were not strong enough to hold being surrounded by Boer commandoes which the whole pl ateau , ·and gradually w~re ; urcompletely cut off its communications . An rou ncled on north, east, and south-west. As the attempt to re-open the comm unications resulted Boer skirmi'shers worked their way up almost in a nother bl ood}: reve rse on the Inga.go Ri ver unda unted, their ·accurate shooting began to on the 8th of F eb ruary. tell on the morale of the E ng lish . Their On the 17 th Sir Eve ly n Wood arri ved at reserves. hesita ted to come to the help of their :\" ewcastle with reinforcements from India . fi ring-li ne, and fi nally bolted . There was H e was met here by Colley, 1rho sen t him back general pani c. s_mall bodies of men clung to to Pieter Maritzhurg for fu rther assistance, scanty cover. The remainder rushed down · the promising to make no move in his absence , and hillsi de in rou t. led the Indian contingent without opposition · The Boers now reached the summit, and , · to the Prospect camp . In spite of his promise aba ndoning cover, shot them down at their to \i\Tood, the Boer camp near Majub'a Hill leisure ._ The disaster was onl y pr~vented frorri proved ru1 irresistible temptation to him. ·. and being complete by the entrenchment on the he decided to attack it . - Ma juba-Ing uela Nek. General Collev was T H E GROUND.

\ fa juba H ill is a plateau witl:i ·saucer-shaped

killed ,

and

the

total

English

casualties

a moun ted to 283, over fort y per cent . of their

----- - - - -

)

Sat:urday, May rst; , 1915.

nu riiber "The· B6m; "k)st oiie- mai1 killi>a and five wounded. These figures are sufficient romrn:ent on the · battle. They show on which side good shooting and -use of cover weTe employed . As a 'result of the battle the Boers regained their independence, and sti I l " the sun shone and the Vaal river flowed to the sea."

attacks by the enemy : Send oi.1t six men as !iring line as before, and indi cate tn one ol the Section Commanders . a co'u nter-atta ck b1· the enemy on on e or other flank . H e ~]u;t then rapidly deploy his section and advance to a su itable fi~ing position. Let each Section Commander ha.Ye a chance to practice th is. ' · • D - - PREPARING AN ASSAULT .

LFi,eW Trainin g.

Extend one of your sections to 4· paces and send it forward to "Decisive Range ." ' This position (which in act ual warfare is about 500 to 800 yards from the e nemy) must be carefully chosen so as to afford a continuous line of good cover. Let the section ha.It and 1ie clown. This section represents the origina l firing-line and supports o:f the attack. - The other three sections are local reserve . Extend these. sections and sen.cl them forward in successive lines to build up solid firing line . (Jn all this let us repeat once more that everything . ·said in 'the previous chapters, -especially as regards· section commanders, n1u t stlll be remembered.) Units are now completely mi~ecl up . In actual -w arfare companies and e ven battalion' / a re similarly affected . ~o re-organisatron is necessary, but the line must be re--divided intv sections and the men informed as to who· is their new corm:nander. This must be done rapidly, a nd , of course, under cover. ~ow continue the advance by alternate rushes for 200 yards. Then pract ice " ragged rushing" for another 200. Then del iver the assault .

CHAPTER IV.

/'.J(ENC!SES JN THE ATTACK . (Continued.) A - - RECAPITULATION .

Up to this we have dealt with a .Company 1n ac tion from the' training point of view, with ve ry little reference to actual conditions of war-

fare. We have shown bo~1• a firing-line and ; upport should be taught bow to advance over · 2 ,ooo yards of moderately irregular ground s uch as is within easy reach of Dublin. When in a later chapter we come to deal fully with attack we shall have to modify much of what we have said, but for training purposes it should be followed accurately. The matter contained in the p resent chapter, though easie r t rom the training point of view than what has gone before, req uires some knowled'ge of the geenral principles of the attack to be properly understood. An· infantn·. attack normal! .1· co nsisb of thrl>L· stages: Pirst- .\n advance to fire pos ition s :h <'lose LO the enemy as possible. Second - The establishment o f fire superiority. Third- The assa ult. ·vvben the orig.inal firing-line reaches decisive range it halts and opens fire to hold the ground gained until it is built up b); reinforcement' from the rea'r to a strength sufficie nt to gain :;.,uperiority of fire over the enemy. lt is with this a.spect of the atta.d : that the follo1Yin g

E - A \i OTE

ON THE ASSA ULT.

fn form er chapte rti t.he ass;wlt was assumed to be deli\'e red by a single line.- In this case, if the men are prevented ·from spreading out. a charge probably 3 deep wo uld be made. This approximates .to actual -conditions. If your men have long poles or sticks aYa ilabl e, y0t~ shou Id pra.ct'ise them in p ike charging. Arrange them 2 deep, with th:e pike Of each man in the rear rank projecti ng in front of the man in front of him. as in the ri1t.

note' deal : B-

this ~nee

twi ce .

C---CouNTER ATTACKS.

Explain to the 'Company · that it is one of the'.· c1uti.es of Locirf Reserves to repel counter-

THE A U THOR - OF THE WAR KoTEs.

Lt has been repeatedly pointed out in the "Irish Volunteer" that an officer q:>mmanding in such an intricate couiltrv as Ireland cannot be too care.fol and thorough-going -in the duty of reconnaissance. AU his men should be thoroughly instructed: in this branch of militarv training, and there must be no excuse for th~ neglect of it. A Yery striking exampl~ of· the importance of this point is offered in the following quotation a bout the rece nt bloody · fighting at .Neuve Chapelle :". Eye-Witness expl ains that the beav-y (01! of regimental officers was largely due·-to the fact" that in adV,ancing over the intricate col.lntry, intersected with hedges and ditches, the .platoon ·commanders had to go forward to discover the best way round or across these obstacle . The~ were forced ·to risk their o wn . lives in order to save their men from the r;ange r of ueing crowded together · in narrow places, sucb asbridges or gaps in -hedgerows. " ~ow every word in that paragraph deserves careful study. It l\Ould appear that the troops · emp loyed'--1ar gel y recent) y-trained rnen~had not what is C8l!ed an " eye for ·roi.nitn·:Because if the y had, a judicious use .o f the existing cover could have been used to a id their · advance. T he only course left, q:msequentl y, was for those who understood the requirements ' of the case to risk their own Yaluab le lives to make good the deficiency . Of course, the. officer is always quite ready to risk his life;, but., all the same, to have to force officer.s t() risk their lives unnecessarily is a great calamity . One wonders what would Wellington think of such an explanation being put forward for heavy losses among the officers of his old Peninsular Army. In the Light Division the men could take care of themselves in difficult f'Ount ry without hazarding the officers . . Fortunatelv the Volunteers are not i.n such a serious wa):· The great major.ity of the me11 -·-even in town 'corps- have a much better eye for country than men .reared in large cities . What is required is to develop this natural Sound instinct 'o n strictly military lines. general ideas as to the best method of rnm-ing r1uickly across difficult country- whethe1· heir! ·. by the enemy or not- should be frequently explained to the men on the _blackboa ''I ,or utherwise. Afterwards continUO\JS practice in I arge or small bodies shou] d. be the order of the day. It is extraordinary what an amoun 1 of good cftn be done in this way by :i. rompetent instructor taking even half-a-dozen men for n. n outing. The knowledge they actwire can lw imparted by them to the ir comrades, and thus Lh er will take the part of a leaven to work () It the. mass. · Of course -all the· Volunteer units have given laTge share of attention to this matter. But all the ..same, such a very remarkable lesson from actual warfare, at the precise time when Volunteer training is being systematically renewed after the bad weather, should not he ~llo:wed to pass· unnoticed. The English losses :it 1\euve Chapelle included over 700 oflkers. :rnd the proportion of officers was q ui te (111 nsually high. Similar heavy losses .. i.n the corn - . . missioned ranks would have .been impossib.le if every N.C.O . and man had been thoroughly practised in the use of ground. ·

LOCAL RESERVES .

The Compan y Commander will take his men Lo a suitable field a,nd detach six men to act as a skeleton ft.ring-line . He shoulcl explain r"hat these men are going to act the part performed by th e whole Company before , while the Company will now act as a local resen ·e . Extend the ,;ix men to an interviil of 12 paces, and send t hem forward about 600 ya.rcts. Explain that they are now with in decis·ive ·range of the enemy . The six mei;,i lie down and open fire. Now dep loy each section in turn and send it forward to reinforce the firing line . Practice

I~ Lesso~ of Neuve Chapelle I

Some manipulation is rC"iuired to -tea r.h the men to charge in this w8y wi t hout opening out. VVlwn they have J(~ arnt ho w r.o do it , form thc·m into a skinnishii)g line and 'wach them how to close into thi ,; form :Hion whil e running fift1· yards :

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S. C. ROAD, DUBLIN. A Woiw TO YOUNG VOLUNTEERS. think { 'am _right in sayi ng th-at th e Gig majority of [rish :volunteers fully reahze ·the \ralue of a boys' organizatio11 like the Fianna Eireann. a?d are sincerely desirous· of helping the movement as far as they know how . The importance. of the boys' movement to the Irisi1 Nation and to the future of the Irish Volunteer· is, I think , obvious to every man who has given the matter any thought. _.\. strong and vigorous boys' organization is not only a guarantee of the perman.ence of the Volunteer movement, but is a gu~rantee of its efficiency and strength.

Fianna existed were the first lo start the Volunteers . In many cases our offi cers bold commissions in the T.V . as well as· in the Fianna. In Dublin .two of our captains and two lieutenants hold the same rank in the Dublin Regiment' of the I.V. The duties need not ,necessarily confli ct. 1 therefore appeal to the young members of the Iri sh Volunteers to stand in with us and' help us to trai t-I the boys. If no sluagh exists in your dis!ri'ct, and if you .consider it in your power to organ ize a ne w sluagh, then make a tart' now in ainin D e. '

The young volunteer who undertakes tbe The ultimate a im of both organizations are . training of boys . must fully appreciate the identical. The work of one is complimentary importance and nobility of the "Work. . It is not N:> the other. They are ~lifferent, perhaps, jn all jam running a slnagh of the Fianna, and this res'p ect . In the Vol unteers the training one must endure many trials and m<1ke a good and keeping fit of a large military force as an ma ny sacrifices before he learns the secret of efficient weapon . for national defence is the govern ing boys . The chap ~vho imagines that main issue . In the Fianna it is the boy all that is necessary is to teach a bit of drill, himself, not the scouting or drill tha~ is the &c., and to boss " kids " will not take Jong to mair.i- factor. The training- in scouting, drill discover his delusion . :\Tearl y every boy is and mifitary exercises--is the means to the end. differen t, and will have to be treated To direct his military instincts', to guide his differently . It is the duty of the Fianna officer natural impulses , and to develop all the finer to know and understand the different types of characteristics of the boy- that is the object. boy in his sluagh , and to know how best to The Volunteer organization takes up the work stimulate each individ ual · boy to his best where the, Fianna E'ireai:m -leaves off . A .l arge endeavour . and strong Fianna means a steady stream of * * * good material to the adult movement. I would urge the Vollmteer who would like * ·* ·* to assist in organizing a sluagh 'of the Fiairna The \~ork of organizin g the Fianna through- to write at once to the H on. General Secretary, out the country is a task beyond the resources Fianna Headquarters, r z D'Olier ~ Street, of Fianna H eadquarters , unless we ~·eceiYe the Dublin. Full par ticulars regarding the· foractive co-operation of the Irish Volunteers . . A , mation of Sluaigbte will be forwarded with year a~d a half ago the centres where the the least poss ible delay. . WILLIE NEL~ON. ;c-

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Dry 6in2:er Ale.

l e6.n<.\m 50 ·ot.tit

uo ct.ti <i t' Smnre6.f\.

IRISH VOLUNTEERS Support your own.

llUSH FARM ·PRODUCE CAFE, 2, HENRY STREET. No Foreig n F oodstuffs'.

.For "IRELAND OVER ALL." Words and Mu,sic as sung by Gerard Crofts, the D ublin tenor, to the air of the great Ge~an War Song, "Deutsch-· land Ueber Alles." Send Three Penny Stamps to Eamonn Ceannt, 2 Dolphin T erra ce, Dolphin's B~rn , . Dublin. PROFITS TO IRISH VOLUNT-EERS.

DO YOU FEEL WEAK, Depressed, or run down ? ' CAHILL'S AROMAT IC QUININE AND IRON TONIC will tone you up, · steady your nerves, i mpr~ve your· a ppetite, enrich your blood. For summer lassitud e, for Neuralgia, try a hottle l s. and 2s. ; postage 4d. Made only by ARTH UR ]. C AHILL, The National Chemist, 82A Lower Dorset Street, Dublin.

TARGET RIFLES Etc. G reener Martini Rifles 22 cal. Steven's· Favourite Rifles .. . Marksman Rifles .. . Crackshot Rifles . ... ,, Little Scout R ifles 'Winchester Single Shot Rifles H eavy Model .. . Repeater Rifles , - Heavy Model Hamilton Boys' Rifles Britannia Air Rifles Adaptors 303 Rifles T a rgets, 22 cal. Cartridges, Cleaning Rods, All Sundries. REPAIRS A SPECIALITY. Catalogues

for

55/-

Z7/6

20/-

16 '6 13/6 20/-

'lt'l/6 50/60/10/6

37 /6 3/a nd

Free.

L. KEEGAN, Gun & Rifle Maker and Ammunition Merchant, 8 INN'S QUAY, DUBLIN. Telephone 2574.

Halt at ·K ELLY'S 40 AMIENS STREET. Volunteer Outfit Manufacturer.

5-Pocket L eather Bandolier Belts ... R ifle S ling Caps ... Haversacks ... P nttees (same as Uniform)

!(JJ-

1 /6 & 2/each 1 /from 2/6 _ 10d. & 1 /1/6 All above made on premi s es.

UNIFORM TO MEASURE ... 30/Spurs, 2 /6 3 /- . Speci~l Marching Boots, 1 0/6. Also SHIRTS, COLLARS; TIES, CAPS, HATS, SOCKS, BRACES, etc.

EVERYTHING TO EQUIP AN ARMY. RAZORS, SCISSORS, POCKET KNIVES, and RAZOR STROPS from 1/- to 5/6 ea,ch. WILLIAM RU.SSELL & SONS, Hairdressers, 55 SOUTH KINO STREET, DUBLIN. Printed for the Proprietors. at the North Gate .Printing ' Works~· Belfast, and published at the Volunteer Head·'· quarters, 41 Kildare S t reet, Dublin.