The Irish Volunteer - Volume 2 - Number 25 by An Phoblacht

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EDlTED BY EOlN MAC NEILL. Vol. 2.

No. 25.

(New series.)

SATURD~Y, MAY ~9, 1915. '

NOTES.

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The end of the Liberal Government pledged to Home Rule for all Ireland. and to no Home Rule for part of Ireland is now announced. The " H ome R ule Government " has come to an end and Home Rule has not come to a beginning. We are now under ·a UnionistLiberal coalit_ion, and a ' Unionist-Liberal roalition I)1eans .for Ireland. a Unionist government, nothing else. · Never ·m ind. We still have the British D eroocrncy to fall back on .

On the subject of broken pledges, I am now reduced to silence. Not only are the pledges now broken, but the brnken bits of them are burppd. . Home. Rule is on the Sta:tµte. Book, and not a single one of England's Statesmen is now boun?: to. Home Rule. The Liberal Cabinet was pledged iri the lump to Home Rule, and broke the pledge. T he pledge that could not bind them in .ho11our altoget.J1er is not binding on the indiyidual members. We ·know , the Irish l'arliameritary leaders know too well , th.at, e\·e~ while the H9nl.e. Rule ' Bill was the Ministerial poli~y',. it ,had bad· £riend'.s . in the Cabinet. Now · a:I\_ is in the melting pot once more, and nothing will come out of that pot .in

tlw ..s~me..shape as '. . "·* ~ .

it . w~pt in. ·X·

· · This ·outcome ·I' foretold months ago · when I 1• s~w · the first announcement of the · <sdfcori.stituted inner committee of the Committee of · Imperial Defence .. I lay ,claim to no gift of prophecy. I.only claim to have faced! the facts when other and more responsible people refu11ed to .face them, and to have used common se~1s~ on them ·when other people were using: uncommon nonsense, and to have told the I rish public the truth when other people did not dare tell it. T hose other people have either . ordin~fy : politi2al 'sagacity\ or they 'have not. If they have not, th~y are unfit for their trust. · 1f they h~ve ordinary political sagacity, they have forecast this outcome and done what the'y . t.'Ould to tbe . Irish public in ·· the dark. , Peop,le will draw their own co!1dµsions. Mr.

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1'. P. · O'Corinor; broker-in-Chief · to the-' Li beral wing of the lmpe;ial Oligarchy, sa):s that, 116 matter ·what M~. · Redmorid doe~ now, he ;~ i ll have the stipport of the Irish pubiic. The Irish public will be proud ·of the character. It must be "time now for another round of YOtes of confidence . ;(·

The dep ths of childlike and bland irony on this subject are reached by the Unionist "Irish T imes ." The "Irish Times" insists that Mr. Redmond's duty is to join the new" ~ational " M.ir1ist:ry . Why? B ccau~e "Mr. Asquith ba s . . r . . given a solemn pledge "·--·solen1H pledges n re burstin~ over us like shrapnel' in these days" Mr. Asquith has given a ·solemn pledge, a n<l Mr. Bonar Law has endorsed it, that the new

The Chancellor of the Exchequer Qn May 4th, gave the following interesting 'figures: Cost of war for 8 months. ~360,000,000 Loans to Colonies and Allies (inctuded in this) £52,000,000 National Debt increased by £458~000,000 Bringing ' it up to ·tile" total · . .. £ 1;165,000,0QO Estimated cost of war . on Mar. 31 , 1916 £1,136,434,000 Estimated deficit at same time ... £862,322,000 Government is bein.g formed solely for the purposes ot'the war, and that , when the war is over, rhe course of domes tic politics will be resumed at tl;ie point where it stopped in the August of last year. Mr. Redmond's doubts on the subject seem to us to ~ unworthy of himself and of his party. H is contin ued adhesion to 'the unbroken tradition ' "-the quotation marks, if ironical, · belong to the original article---" is from his own stai1dpoin t illogical, for a Home R uie Act is on the Statute Book, and he has said a thousand ·times in tne last . two years ·,,_·~:mce every sixteen hours-" tl~at the triumph of the. Home ·Rule policy is secure." The " I rish Times" does not mean to be unp leasant .

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Price One

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Pen~y.

There are pledges that men can keep if they are viilling and honourable. Th~re are other p ledges that are better .never given, unless to entrap fools, for their fu lfilment is impossible. If we ass ume the ,best of good-will on the part of Messrs. Asquith and Bonar · Law, all the power· that both together could command wou ld be powerl.ess t6 resume the couFse ·of domestic pol itics at the point where it stopped in August . I do not say that what has Bappened up to August has gone foi· nothing. But I do say that an entirely new situation · wi'll ·face the J rish people at the end of the' war, and that anything short of the fnost thorough . prep~ra tion is likely to leave us in a weaker and worse position than . ever. Whiggery triillnphant, a crush ing burderi of taxes, a people distracted and dishea.rtened,_...:these will be the ·rewards of any policy of. drifting irresolution . There is not, I regret to see, a: .sign of anything . better in the pronouncements of our Nathanal Press on this unexampled eris1s and op1:iort unity. Mr. Devlin's Belfast organ, like · the " Iri sh Times,'' would have its readers 0 bel~e\1e that .Mr. · Asquith's latest pledge will rule the course of fut ure British politi cs. They won;t believe it.

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It-. must have been a prolonged: agony for some ·of our " .Nationalist " guides to sup pres!; their true and genuine ~entirnents d uring all these years in deference to olclhfashioned and vulgar notions of patriotism. , F rom the " J rish Daily Independent,'' after two columns disc cuss ing the "political crisis," 've learn that the real danger threatening. Ireland at the moment is the susp~nsion of horse-racing . Nevertheless there is comfort. ""The meeting of the ltish T urf Club will not be regarded: with anxiety by lrishm~i1 . The Stewards, · Mr. Percy . La T ouche; Lord Enniskillen, ai1d .Lord Decies, know too much of what · is necessary and are too sound patriots to err on an·y side ." . When the same''paper, on the same ·day, finds only · "weakness and iheptitude " ·in..:the Statesmen of the Liberal Government, Ireland mu~t be· proud . to know that her destiny is safe in ·the : hands . of her thNe infallible patriots : · : ·

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Satur~ay, May 29th, 1915.

THE IRISH VOLUNTEER. The " Independent " has also been ma.king pronouncements plainly intended to encourage the new Government to en~orce conscription in Ireland. - Irish public opinion is entirely and determinedly orposed to conscription. If any Irish member of parliament were to resign 'his sea.t and· seek re:.election as a supporter of conscription, he would get about as ma11y rntes as he cotild get half-pay ex-military keepers of the public conscience to sign his nomination papers. ,When these doughty warriors were creatiug an impression last . yea r that the obsolete and oppressive machinery of the Militia Ballot Act might be revived, the fathers of families d rew their money from the banks to send their sons to America. Those who know · the reluctance of Irish dep_ositors to spend their banked savings will understand ·how much these people were in earnest. . Mr. Dillon understands it. At the time of that particular scare, he gave a public assurance more than one: that conscription would not .be attemp.ted. 'rhe other day, a member. of parliament was teported as having said that conscription would be introduced , and he promptly wrote to the papers denying that he had said anything of the kind .

If publ ic opin~on in Ireland we.re not almost. completely silenced at p resent, it would quickly ~h;->w tha t conscription of any sort 1rould meet Now that with vety effectiYe opposition. Home Rule is on the St.a tute Book, the Iri;;h people need hardly fear being lectured even by Mr. Birrell if they insist on being consulted and having the decisive voice in any measure affecting their national resources. They have recently been lectured by English Liberals for daring to express, and to enforce, their wishes· in a . matter of taxation. It does not appear . that the lecturing has frightened them into subm1ss1011. If any scheme of forcing or of springing conscription on them is adopted, they will know . who is to be ·h eld responsible.

Conflicting explanations are becoming as plentiful as conflicting pledges. Last week I quoted Major-General Powell's Belfast explanation of the Ulster Army in Reserve. The Army in Reserve must be reserved/ in reserve . until: eight thousand Reserves. could be raised as Reserves for the Reserves, and· after much exertion some three hundred of the eight thousand were already in sight. Now we have . another Belfast expl anation from Sir Hugh Having reviewed! the men on M'Calmont. parade, Sir Hugh went to the Ulster Club and· made a speech. . " Men of such a fine type as I have · seen to-day, " he said, "are wanted badly" at the present time in France, and it is to be regretted that many of these fine fellows of the . Ulster Division have had no musketry , p ractice." I suggest that the .rest o.f the Generals might hurry ji1 thei r explanations·; and that the whole collection inight be put into an . ;1lbum and ·r resented to .the .11ew. Vi ceroy as. a ,;ou1·e nir of his visit to Belfast .

ActiYity in the fields of our national history and literature is a healthy sign. I have recently 1relcomed in this paper several new books. This week I offer welcome to a handsome little yol ume, " Saint Fechin of Fore, the Apostle of Connemara ," drawn from variou: lives·, ancient and modern. The English is by Re\·. John B. Coyle, C.SS. R. , the Irish by Padraic O'Dombnallain. There is a p reface by the Arch~is hop of Tuam. The volume, 124 pages, ~ with illustrations,. price sixpence, is pulJlished by M .. H . Gill & Son, Dublin. The worlz in it is in very respect well done and worthy of its authors . EOIN MAC NEILL._,

High-Power Rifles in Ireland.

A number of Volunteers are .of the opiniop tha.t the onl y fire-arm of real use is the newes t type of. small c~ li bre , high-power explosive, magazine rifle . They imagine that if_this is not obtainable it is not worth while buying any other arms . • As a matter of fact this is qot the case at all: many types of fire-arm. are good enough to win battles with . The difference between the newest rifl e and older rifles is not so great as is thought. '.t his i~ especially the case in lreland, for two reasons. First of all, the countr y is so broken and cut up by f ences, hedges , an"J walls of all kinds that it is practica"lly impossible ,, ) get such a field of fire as would give full scope to the great range of the newest makes of rifle . Second I y, there is so much moisture in the air in Ireland at all times . that. at ordinary long ranges the error in sighting would :be so great th a t 'on·l y p'icked men would be able to make any p ractice worth ·men'tioning. rn view of these facts it is dear that the proper use of the rifle in Ireland consists of steady, careful, aimed fire at short ranges. Some of the Voluntee-r instructors ·place. the greatest range for practical purposes in Ireland at 500 ya rds ; some as low· as a quarter of a mile . Clearly, then, any rifle that will shoot fairly well fo1: a few hund.red yards is good en;ugh. Victory has often gone to the infantry with the . For instance, the German worse fire-arrn. needle-gun in 1870 . was only accurate up to about a quarter of a mile , while the French Chassepot was accurate to three times th·a t range . And, that was in a country far more open than Ireland. A more striking example stil1-though it occurre_d in the muzzle-loading days- was the victory of Washingtpn;s soldiers - armed .with anything that would burn powder -- over the well-trained and well-armed British troops. In the American Civil War the Southem s m9stly beat the better-anned Federals, and the Russians were worse armed than the Turks in ,i 877. The main th ing is the spirit of the man I1?hino th<> g1111;-m11ch more so th:\11 the gun it~di'.

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Saturday, May · 29th, 1915.

THE IRiSH

VOLUNTEER.

mome1it, · wliei1 · niri&tenths of · the · ~vo~id'~ s.e-,;eral miles fr: om, tlte comniando . in camp. markets a.re closed and likely to remain so, is 'I;"hey knew that at a long c:listance from the not the time for finding fault nor for yearning camp the en_emy would have to use the roads or after· the unattainable. .· tracks and took advantage of thi,<i fact. To all · the objections of th.e supercritical A suitable selection of the camp site will there is only one reply. To all problems of. often be of considerable ltelp when i:::onsidering The primary characteristic of ·the Volunteer type and pattern there is onl)i ohe solution. For the question of outposts. Thqs the ~a)11p might Mov.ement .js that its men must be armed, This . all serious. Volunteers there .is on)y one rule to suitii:bly have one fl ank entirely cov~reQi by an is . the kernel of its Co11stitution, · the reason for follow, and it is .t his: - . unfordable ·river or even by a very formidable its existence, the defi.ni te outstanding feature Procure - for yourself to-day the most thorn hedge. This would be of considerable which distinguishes it fi:om the mo\·ements that effective weapon THAT IS AV'AILABLE HERE AND assistance as an immediate protection. preceded it. · NOW. Again, ar.~i-/i.cial ltelps ·can be ·usefully Worthy and desirable Irish organizations we employed in thi11 service. For example; a rifle have always had in plenty, their ideals have carefully la i'd by daylight to cover a given line been the highest, their adherents have been of approach; barriers of thorn bushes or whins numerous and sincere, and they have included or trip-wir~s, laid after dusk; tin-can alarms practically the same men who are now in the fixed on strings or \yires. It must be pa.rVolunteers. And yet it is reeognised that someticul a.rl y remembered that the duties of sentries 1n thing was wanting from them, the absence of and patrols are very arduous, and consequently ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1!1!111.... which impaired their efficiency. This " someonly the smallest possible number of troop,; thing" was, as a matter of fact, · a gun. The ordinary text-books take it for gra.nterl should be emp loyed on them. at one time . For These statements · may look like platitudes in treating cif outposts that the force to be this reason any measures that will relieve a and' may ·_appear to be unnecessary. Perhaps protected in camp is a large {\.i:id regul arly few extra men should be availed of. The mwe they are platitudes, but strange to say they are appointed army . Consequently they describe men sleeping soundly at i;iight, the more mf'n not en ti rely unnesessary, because even to-day an elabornte system of sentries, .p i ~kets, in good trim for battle in the morning. after eighteen months of activity there are sup.p orts an.cl.reserves . Voli.111leer officers stud}· actually some men who consider themselves ing this matter w.ill often be at a loss as to how Volunteers and who neither possess guns nor to adapt this system to their own requirements. are· they making any superhuman efforts to Fo:r it must be rei11emberecl thi~t ordi narily the BELFAST eUMANN NA MEAN. secure them. Evidently these men don't ·realise · outermost sentries are couple of . miles away Of Tuesday last, in the Lecture H.all, that they are at present onl y pJaying at Volun- from the -body they are protecting ! On such Queen . Street, a largely attended meetipg, teering, that they · are neglectirig their most a ystem the entire corps would be used up presided , o\·er by, Una ni Riain, Wl\S h~l q. elementary duty, and that, except for the long before the requirements of the text-book. More than three hundred were present. Mr. ex~rcise they get a,t their drills, they might as as ·;to completeness were fulfilled. M. CarOliJ.n·" deliYe'red an interesting lecture on well pass their time playing cards as on th.e Now the whole theory of outposts is ,this: the VoJ.uriteer Nfovement. In connection with parade ground. . . tltey are designed to gain time. If the force a proposal of the Cumann na Ii1Ban -to comThey ar~ 9f little more use to the Volunteer. in <~amp has e11;.puglt time at its {l.isposal it 7.0ill , mence drill , Miss Ryan explain~d that she had Movement than the butterflies that we had last nbt be surprised, for it will be able to get into asked Mr. Kewman to outline the reasons why summer, and it is high time that somebody battle order witlzout confusion. drill was desirable, whi'ch he accordingly did. should gently but firmly tell them so . . But evidently the smaller tlu force tlte nmre And it was ag reed to undertake this work the Their explanations for their attitude are q'ijickly it can form for action and tlie less tlte following Tuesday and each Tuesday there- · many and interesting, and they would be danger of confusiou. If the force is srriall and after in 9 College Square N. at 8 p.rn . amusing if the matter were less serious. hand',- it should be ready to fight one milzute One man is postponing a purchase because · after. the men are awake. The only requi:rerifles will be cheaper and easily procurable after the war. He ·o ught to remember that ULSTER WILt BE RIGHT ! , tickets for the grand stand are always chea.p Galbally Company, Pop'.leroy, Co, Ty.tQne, and easily procurable the day after the races . has affiliated with the Irish Volunteers. A large Another insists that he will have the same number of recruits have come in, and a rifl e weapon as all the otlzer Volunteers have or he fund has ·been started. will have nothing. At present he has nothing , From other parts of the country there i!!., a and truth compels me to add that he is likely splendid sameness about the news : Recruits to remain so. Then I am told there is a Comare corning in ; rifles are wanted ! pany which is still holding its rifle fund and' is looking for magazines at £3 apiece. They might as well look for submarines at the same price while they are about it. Several people BATTLE OF .(\NTRIM ANNIVERSARY. are in the market for British short service rifles, The Belfast Committee has arranged to hold and! will take no others. They appear to be a recruiting meeting, at which a lecture will be oblivious of the fact that Lord ~itchener, with delivered by Mr. Newman, on Friday, 4th ome,what better facilities than theirs, is on the June, at St. Mary's Hall (gmund: floor same quest. entrance). Men only will be admitted. One man will tell you that Type A is too long, Type B too short, Type C too dear, and ments to ensure this are good camp arrangeType D too hea.vy for the pocket, and the next ment and capable LV.C.O.'s. In reality then man won't touch Ty-pe E because it has no the small force of good troops only needs to be NATHANAL ACTIVITIES . bayonet, nor Type F because it doesn't carry a wa:rned of the enemy's approach and all In addition to the " Castle" recer,tion danger dfisappears. A few alert and wellmile. I have even met a critic who objected t:o the pattern 0f the grain on ·a walnut stock. post:ed _sentries will give the necessa ry warning provided on Whit Sunday in Li~erick_for the _ Volunteers who came from Dublm, which took Meanwhile the time is passing, a time of - and give it in ample time. The reason of this .is that rifle-fire is of little th~ form of disapproval expressed by the crisis and possibilities unparalleled in the world's history, and! these heroes are com- use at night. There is no danger of the com- relatives of a "'G" man and . several drunks , placently postponing the purchase of the mand being overwhelmed by .fire .before they the copy for this issue of the Volunteer required weapon with which at any moment they may can form up, for the enemy must be actually on almost as long to cover the jomney from have to defend their lives. This neglect is top of them before he can be effectiye. If, Dublin to the printer's .office as is required for then, rhe enemy is detected at even a moderate a journey to America. In-_ consequence of absol utely criminal. · this no Headquarter'.s matter is yet to hand as · Now that the movement is eighteen months distance away, all should be well. Consequently the only stationary outposts we go to Press . old there is no valid! explanation or excuse fo.r a single Volunteer being without. his glll'.. required will be a few sentinels posted on Good, serviceable firearms have d.unng practi- points of rnntage- to observe a road or the cally all that period been available,. and n;i.en like--and a camp guard to rouse the men - If yoJt want .DJlY fEET and P~QFECT F·~T . - TRYwho really want them have succeeded m gettmg instantly and systematically. These should be them. As to how and where they were got, supplemented by cyclist patrols on the roads I must leave it to .the ingenuity gf the Volun~ in the· neighbourhood, who could be .at least a teers to find ou't. The nien who know have too mile a\vay. It must be remembered that at Ua ~~Jnet Road, 11).~~ic~re~ · ·· . much sense to put it in print or write it by pos~ night the only panger from a large force is ~o · ~2 Sto~eJb~ttet 1 A~il 2~ .B~$h.91t .S.tr~_1t•.. or to mention it over the telephone. · be l~ked for by the ~oads. The . Boe~s m . REPAIRS lleatly Exflailti ·•i - ftl>Q~RATE CHA'~~· What I want to impress is that the present South Africa frequentl-y posted theu pickets

JA Word to the Foolish.

.Protection . ~f a Volunt:;--] Corps Camp. .

To· ·~

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VOLUNTEER HcADQUARTBRS,

'.THE i ,RISH- VOLUNTEER. -.

\ll.'e have no comment to make upon the un-. w!sdom of~ CGercive policy in Ireland. Eve~ts will produce wonders ; and not . the least of these wonders will be a _vigorous and genuine Volunteer revival, in which there will be ·an extraprdinary influx of rifle-and-amrnunitiondemandiIJg recruits. These are the men who will save Ireland. The Coalition Government should prove a · blessing spl endidly disguised. Sir Edward Carson hand-in-hand with Asquith ! Sir Edward Carson as A.Hom ey-General . of E ngland ! . ~fr. Balfour in open alliance with the Liberals ! · These things should lead even the . mqs t reluctant tQ. <l;cl:mjt .that in. the eyes of every English pol itic ian we are the Irish, and :i: .subject race .! -· ..: , .. ~ Coalition re\iea!s the Iii.sh f arty stripped of every vestige_· 'of power as · a ·parli amentary.. machine. · The complete ignoring and pushing aside of Mr.. Red mond over the H ome Rule Bill farce · was sufficient to convince any Irishman that .the l:lst place to fight for Irelan d is on -the " floor " of the " House." Coalition Il}eans an admission. that · Tories a nd LilY>.-rals are simply the English, and we are th~ Irish. . There was an alliance in the · " Ulster will fight" days . When Sir Edward· Carson talked abo ut the Liberal H ome Rule campaign as a "hypocritical sham" he meant more than he seemed to mean . Behind , the scenes we know that Sir Edward received the Asqui~hepiscopal

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· · Jo· Lower Abbey Street, DUBLIN.

THE

The Irish Volunteer

Saturday, May 29th, ' i915 . b.a:ai -ten years of ·thl?' "' 'sa.Xon smile/' tha;f sinister grin which an Irish proverb ~yams, us.. to dread . " )T he Saxon scow 1 '1 is much ·less · dangerous; and we await"'the open ha.trea'"of our _ancient foe with calmness, knowing tha there is a spirit in our _people, a spiri t strong as ever, and that the unconquerable soul of the nation need no longer exp ress i't"self _in feeble words , but in deeds. For in · this darkest hour of lter history, Ireland has lzer, Volzmteers . Mother of martyrdoms, · See every true man comes Offering · his sword ! Traitors shall bendl the knee, When we have set thee free, Pledged is out word !.

ULSTER TRAINING CAMP. It is intended. to have a camp for Irish Volunteers at Ardglassduring a part of Jul y. Those who would ·be prenared to join the camp will kindly communicate at once with the Secretary of Training Camp, 30 Divis Street, · Belfast. · The minim.um charge will be lo / - per week .; and! those writing to the Secretary will kind! y say ·which week or weeks in Jul y wopld be · most sui table. ·

BATTLE OF ANTRIM ANNIVERSARY. . . Under the auspice.s of the .Belfast Co~mittee I.V. a special meeting for men only will be held on the Ground Floor St. Mary's Hall, Belfast, on Friday, 4th June, at 8 p.m: sharp, at which a lecture will be delivered by Mr. A. Newman. · · All Belfast Volunteers a re ordered to be present. Admission free.

Goo

SAVE IRELAND

SATURDAY, MAY 29th, 1915.

Hea~quarters' Bulletin.

BARGAINS.

IR ELA.\'"D AND THE CUTTLE FISH. For the edification of those who are interested in .prophecies we reproduce the follow ii;ig poster:.--, . . / · r · · IRISH ·VOL UNTEE R. _ · ' ' " .. 1 • Saturaa·y, May 8th, _1915 _.·· THREE .DOUBLE D l) TIES : P~s'T' (Woodenbridge)-For tlie Volunteers . PRESENT (House of Com~oi1s)-For Irish Industries.

, bl~ss ing

upon his activitie.s ; and the Curragh re¥olt was hatched .in Downing, Stre~ -!· lMost of our Irish people a re on t~ alert ; th~y have that healthy suspicion · which often · d upon. But prf vents one f rom be'mg impose th~:i:~ i§ a difficulty in .the present case ... A national upheaval is required to liberate the Press. For the Press is more firml y gagged than anyone would suspect. · This is no idle boast; it is a statement ba?ed upon absolute] y FUTURE (Coalition .Ministry>=-For the Irish indisputable evidence. Nation: remain a Province and.:be loyal. And in these days the Irish people are asked C9mment is superfluous: . to take the coercion and imprisonment of Without r~st or pause we 'have told the. Irish Irishmen quietly. Just ponder on that fact . people that in the Volunteer and his rifle and · The destroyer is abroad in the land, and the· ammunition lies lhe one hope of Ireland, and sp ies of England are ever at our heels . This is a supremely important hour in that . V0l unteering is the only sane policy. And · now~let every reader of · these words Ireland's destinv . And in this hour we utte r a ask.himself.:.- " H ave the Irish Volunteers been warning. It is' this : . . T ake Volunteering seriously; get a rifle; riglht or· wrong?" The inexperienced , the sore-headed, the and refuse t() part wfrh it. If you can't get facti<inists, have been right: They have seen a riffe, get a revolver. the cuttle fish; and upon us the cuttle fish .has Recognise a friend in every Irishman who is fixed! hi s ugly eyes . Out he puts his socker- true . to his birthright. Let Ireland drill and arm now as never. studded anns, and picks. a man here and a man. there. i<?.iver a partially submer-ged i,I reland be I. before. The machinery for perfecting our sprawls; and rn tn6se wlio ·would dislooge him - national army is in . existence. We can am1 he recogi:ii§es the only seri9u~ ,obstacle to his . our recruits-never mind how .. Ireland's national life ~nd honour depend triumph. ~ We in:vit~d his, ~rsive attacks; fo[ ". when he is active in , ev.}l the Irish people see upon the Irish people seeing the danger ahead him )n . unlovely ciov.ement ;· apd anything and preparing to face it . . · which ' moves· may be.:.dislooged,~ay in fact The " Friendly (l-overnmept" .is dead; and mm"-' ~:way 'o f its 6Wn aecorcl ·!• .. , ' . ..... the "-ancient enemy " is in its place . . We have

Swords, Steel Scabbards, 7/6 . .Martini Sword Bayonet, 3J6, no Scabbard . . 22 Short Ammunition, ro/- ·per 1,000. . 22 Long Rifle Ammunition, rj,/4 per r,ooo. Leather Belts, ~ecpnd-hand, 9d. ·each, ·Postage, 1 d. Officers' Whistles, 6d, 9d., 1/3. Postage, id. Bugles, 8/6 Bugle Cords, r/9. Riding Saddle, 25 /-. Spurs, r/ -. Haversacks, Sd. Knapsacks, · loµ. . R.iqing Breeches, 3/6, 5/- each. · Remington -. 22 Scout 'Rifle, with Bayonet, 37 /6. Sporrans, 3/ 6. Get our New Price List. Wonderful Va,lue.

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Saturday,. May 29th, 1915.

:THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.

I VICTORIES. OF IRREGULAR TROOPS I IX. :_ISANDLWANA. THE ZULUS . Of all the forces with which European regular troops ever came in contact in Asia or Africa the Zulus were by far the most interesting and formidable . " H ere was a well disciplined a rmy ";ith a definite organization 0f its own, capable of car.rying out ma:nreuvres on the battle-field with order and · precision ; but the Zulu weapons were those of savages." The Zulus had enjoyed a succession of warlike rulers under whom they had' perfected their military system . and gained innumerable victories ove.r _a ll their neighbours. B.riefl y, the Zulu system was as follow : Military service , was uniYersal. and compulsory; and the reg iments, or ' impis' as they were called, were each com.po eel of men of the same ag~. The young men were not al lowed to marry until they haa first proved their valour in battle, when an entire regiment was married at once. Commonly the first att1tcks in battle were entrusted to the youngest troops, the vete~·ans b~ing held in reserve . The weapons of the Zulus were 't he assegai or light throwing· spea.r, of '~~hich the warri~r carried two or three, the knobkerry or hardwood club, and the bangwan or short-handled stabbing assegai. The blade of this weapon was long · and broad, ai1d · double-edged for cutting as well, as thrusting . The Zulus were p hysically magl)ificent- tall, powerful and extraordinarily nimble. . The Zulu method of attack was always enveloi:iing, the army advancing inthe form of a crescent to surround the enemy qn all sides. On a given front the I mpi attacking it advanced in deep formationi n a succession ·of lines. E ach lii~e was deploy~d at fairly .wide intervals to give the warriors ,.room to use . their weapons. A small proportion . carried fire-arm s, bt1t were poor shots unless at such a large target as a square . T .he Imi) is were under an iron discipline ancl yielded unquestioning obedience to the King. "I am the King's ox, " was the saying of .the Zulu warrior: and the obedience the King required of his "oxen '. ' is best pictured in their wa.r-cha_n t- " If I go on I am killed : if I go back I qm killed--~lt is . better to go' on.", PRELIM INARY

MANCEUVRES.

011 the morning of t~1e 20th the centre column of 1,600 E uropea ns and 2,500 natives- with which was the Commande.rcin-chief- wa.s enCa\Ilped- at Isancllwana. The camp was pitched with its back to Isandlwana Hill, faced out on a plain 8 miles by 4, surrounded by mountains which were split 'by many ravines · or kloofs. There had been frequent reports of reconnoitring parties that they had seen groups of the enemy. It should have been known that the Zulus would be unlikely to have small isolated bodies-organised as they were into regiments. Still the camp was not entrenched: it was, in fact, not even protected by forming round it a laager of the numerous transport waggons which were packed in a long line . The ca.mp .. was guarded by -a. chain of vedettes two or three miles out-a dangerous p:oceeding, for in that ground the swiftlymoving Zulu· warriors could practically alway~ k~p pace w~th a horseman . So quickly did t~e Zulus move from point to point, and appear and d isappear, that. Chelmsford could form no 7 estima te of their strength or position. .Believing that the Chief Matyana occupied hi ~ strongh_o ld in a great kloof some ten miles to the ~out~-east, Chelr:isford sent out a strong force under Major Da.rtnell to re-connoitre the position-150 mounted police and volunteers on the high ground, and two na.tiYe ba.ttalion.s to ··sea.rch the valleys . Thi s force started at

Vt.Cl"l IT''{

INS'll Nt> HI.WA.NA.

· 5 11: the morning of the 21st, and at 4-30 111 the ··afternoon word was brought back th~t ·a considerable force had been seen, and asking for reinforcements . . These Chelmsford refused to send. . A second and more urgent request was received about 2 in the morning of the 22nd ,

ln January, 187 9, the English army under and thereupon Chelmsford in person marched Lor<;! Chelmsford invaded Zululand. 1t out wi.th most of his remaining horsemen; 4 nurnbered 6,500 Europeans ~nd 8,200 natives . gui1s, 6 English companies, and some nati ve Of _the latter 3,000 garrisoned the Natal pioneers. H e left in camp I 1 o mounted men frontier, .while 400 and 1 ,400 English were :ts vedettes, 6 English companies and 4 nat i\·e .Three ·companies under .Col. J)ulleine. He forther st:itioneo 111 the Utrecht district. colilmns .crossed the fronti er _from the Lower ordered Col. Durnford up from Rorke's Drift Tugela, from Rorke's Drift; a;1d from Utrecht with all bi's mounted men. Durnford was the senior of Pulleine, and took over command of to i::om:mge on Ulundi, t~~ -9a.pit(ll. . All three invading forces .,were . un~posed, alt~ough , the ~;1tire · force. The vedettes were pushed

King Cetew.ayo's ?-rmY numb~red about 40;000 men.

further out,' and the infantry posts drawn in. Durnford, upon hearin g eonflictin g reports

of the enemy's. movements,.. pushed out ·-two troops of native horse to the hill s on his left,, and moved into the plain \Vi th two mme t·roop1' ·. and a comi:iany of native infantry. · It will _be remembered that Dartnell's and Chelmsfor<li ~ troops were well in advance of the right. Al l the troops · Durnford took out were from his _ own contingent just come up . One English company was pushed out to the left. Durnford1s object apparently was to push in between the impis reported on his left and' those engaged against Chelmsford. Presently definite evidence was obtained o:f the Zulus adva ncing in great force on all sides. THE BATTLE .

The Zulus pressed on in thei r ordinary battle formation, moving 'with great . rapidity and firin g as "they ca.me. The fi.re of the mounted men checked them from time to time, but weight of numbers from the reinforcing waves bore them constantly back. The left horn of their array moved towards the English .r ight, , the centre moved straight down on the camp, the right horn passed wide round a big hill :· to turn the left and get -·into the rear of the ca mp. .Thi s las t contingent- the Nonkenke and Nodwengu impis-drew fire from the English company on the left at 800 yard's, but pressed on regardless of it. This company was r·einforced by another, but when the mounted covering troops in the centre fell ·back these companies were forced to conform, and took post some hundreds of yards closer in. At the same time the two guns were moved a·b out aimlessly. The mounted troops on the right fell back in front . of the camp to a water-course: . the native infantry was in the middle, and t.he pressure of the two impis of the Zulu right horn forced back the two left companies still • further. The rest of t'he English formed up , and the long weak line of about 2,000 yards was closely threatened by the Zulu army of io,ooo men. The withdrawal of the wi.\}gs had in part uncovered the fl anks of the native infantry in the centre, and these troops then began to waver. · With the true inst inct of born warriors the Zulus realised this and pressed in on them, whereupon they broke. The Zulus poured in after them into the gap thus formed, and t'here ensued a scene of bloody confusion. The two l·eft companies were surrounded before they could fix bayonets, and slaughtered to a man . The rest of the line was rolled up and wiped out with incredible speed. Only forty mounted men escaped, the casualties being. 52 European officers. and 806 other ranks and 471 natives. All these were killea. When Chelmsfor<l got news of the disaster he headed back to camp, but darkness fell before. he rep.ched it. H e . caused the site of where the camp had. · been to be shelled by ·artillery, but · the Zulus . were gone. Ne_xt morning he retreated to Rorke'.s Drift.

rHE IRISH V09=-UNTEER. CoMMENTS .

. ft app.e ared that the Zulu force in front of Da·rtnell and Chelmsford was designed to lure away· a certain .proportion of the English army --a .:cdntaining force·; ..in. fact, while· the ma in h<:x:ly attacked · the camp. · Durnford handlecl his troops very badly' sp]jtting them into small parties against opponents who could be beaten · only by the most compact concentration. The Zulus displayed many h1arks . of the true warrior. The resolutely-pushed attack to pin· the enemy; the de termined flanking movement, not to be diverted by a mere outpost; rhe grasp of the critical situation when the . troops in the centre wavered; finally, the matchless skill-at-arms in hand to hand combat rt nd the ~ve rwhe lm i n g speed of the final cha rge.

Field Training. CHAPTER VI. RECONNAISSANCE.

A. Unless the situation requires instant action, no commander of any unit smaller than a Division should ever give battle without making, a personal survey of the ground. Therefore everv Volunteer Officer must train himself in the surveying of ground and the app recia tion of its tactical features. In order to make them efficient scouts the men must be trained similarly; an otherwise excellent scout may be of very little value from the military point of view unless he receives military train ing . As a prelimin ary the officer should take his men to a high position which commands a good view of the surrounding cotm try. H e should point out the characteristic features of the country- hills, valleys, woods, rivers, marshes, plains, roads, houses, villages, etc.-and explain the importance of each in field operatiqns . . H e spould get all the men to draw maps of the ground, and if possible get a few to draw panoramic sketches from different points of view. He should now produce the map he will have brought with him, and compare ·it with theirs. H e should also show how · i:he various features of the landsc.a pe are represented on the map. This is a suitable opportunity for a few words on map-reading and the use of the compass. B. On anotber day the officer, having previously chosen a position in which an enemy is supposec] to be, should bring out his unit and send forth parties to reconnoitre it as if preparatory to an attack. They will be in structed to report on the following points: '. The extent of the position . This will requi re training in judging lateral dista11ces. The results can afterwards be verified on the m~.

Tlte weak parts of t!t e position. These include ground destitute of cover; groundl too hard to entrench ; ground affording cover to the assai lant; breaks in the rising ground .: salients ; fl anks; etc. 3. The strong points of the pnsition. Marshes; rivers.; woods ; etr. 4 . Suitabte fire positions for the attackers . Points . the occupation of which will b ring an enfilade or reverse fire on the position. Points from · ";hich an effective fire :can .be d~ve loped against the weak parts 0f the positioJl. Points from which covering fire can be developed. 2.

5 . The best line of attack. This will depend largely on · what has gone before, especially in section z. The officer, having now made his personal observation, will receive the reports of the reconnoitring parties. H e must not hesitate to correct their mistakes, and must train them to deliver their reports intelligentl y, clearly, folly, and briefl y. For this, constant practice is essential. The oftener men are trained to carry verbal reports the better. ~obody can · acquire perfection at once.

C, The officer will also take the opportunity of training himself. H e will p ut himself in the position of the commander of an attacking force and try and d iscover th.e best line for hi s main attack. H e will be guided in his choice by the amount of cover avail able, by the enemy' weak points, and by the ground's capabilities for aidfog combined action on the part of his d ifferent arms . (Cyclists and infantry will be foremost .in hi s thoughts.) H e will also choose the best objective for hi s developing attack . The same principles, somewhat modified, will guide him in this.

Write to I.V. Headquarters, 2 Dawson St., Dublin, For Address of Nearest Corps. H e will then choose out suitable positions for his Local and G eneral R eserves, and for his Field Ambulance and Transport. Finally, he will remember Napoleon's maxim and choose the line of retreat he will take if defeated, and the position he will subsequently hold. In carrying out his reconnaissance, if the ground is at all extensive, he will use a bicycle. For practice sake he should also make use of cover. An officer who is keen on hi s work, when wa.lking in the country will, whenever he sees a crefencible position, immediately begin to think out a plan for taking it.

Review.~

THE CRACKLING oF THORNS. By Rev. J ohn Condon, 0.S.A. (Dublin : Gill & Son.) Father J ohn Condon, of the Order of Saint Augustine, has kindly sent me his book, "The Crackling of Thorns," with a request that 1 shall review it. l am not certain whethe r Father Condon has written any story of considerable length. In the present vol ume there are ten short stories. When a man gives a complete full-length novel to the world for the fi rst time, it is u~;ually quite easy to say" That is a first book. " And it often takes a good deal of cri ticism and tbe writing of several books to give a man who is going to do fine work that quality in his " '. riting which ind icates maturity . In . two of the stories in this volume there are signs of the beginner;

Saturday, May 29th, 1915. in the rest there are signs Bf maturity , ··and in ·some of them of complete matur.ity . l like to see a man falling into' certain errors at the start. There is hope for him, -But for the " safe " man there is no hope . He never trif;; hi s wings; in consequence of this he never falls to earth or flies bad ly to begin with; fo r,. as Wilde says, " if they know nothing of ,the triumph , they a re at least spared the knowledge of defeat .. , As I say, there are those who begin at a safe level, and who share that unlovely world of mediocrity where Charles . Garvice and Marie Corelli thrive, and, where Patrick ~acG ill claims the company of the Muses because he was a navvy . The entrance gates to that world are T.P.'s Weekly, j ohn Bull, Tit-Bits and all its works and pomps, and london Opinion; and at the last-;nent ioned gate, James Douglas endeavours to impersona te Maecenas and ass umes the powers of Saint P et.e r. Any writer recommended to the p ublic by Mr. James Douglas should be rega rded with grave susflicion. It is this sort of thing and these sort: of people that Iri shmen must look upon wi th dlisgust if they are to be genuine Irishmen ; for in contact with the wonderful Gaelic cultu re which we find among our really Irish people, such unlo-rely things cease to ex·ist. I venture to say that in one sense the inanity and blethering idiocy of certain English journals and novels is almost as much a danger fo r Irish people as England's improper newspapers, which are permitted to come unhindered in their countless thousands across the Irish Sea while ri.fles are seizec], and which circul ate freely in Ireland while the National newspapers are supfl ressed and N ai:ionalists arrested. Not the least important act of an Independent Ireland would be to rid the land of English journalistic drivel and dirt. I turn from the contemplation of these things to declare that Father Condon's book is a godsend, the work of an Irish priest, printed on 'Irish paper, and more than that- the work of a man who has a high respect for his art. As a writer of short stories, as I have pointed out, Father Condon possesses an advantage over the writer of long stories, he can arrive at maturi ty with less fatigue. I should say that these stories wer.e written during a period of five or . six y,ears. In the ·first two 'hi s literar.y feet are not so firmly f)lanted as in the others . A character in the second .story is described as " the most talked of surgeon in Paris. " The superl ative in the description of anyone is what one expects to find in an early The description in the first story effort. indicates earl y .worki and there seems to be a straini~g after effect . From two pages I take phrases which ·irritate me; these are : " scrupulo.usly . methodical, " "profound thought," "ineffable relief,"." galling fet ters ," "strained alertness," and such a ·sentence as" In his _dark eyes there bl azed a fierce anger, and the· sensitive lips' were· curled in cruel . scorn ." It is because Father Condon - is a

______ __7

'THE IRISH VOLUNTEER. £el.low artist, whose book has delighted me,

FALLON'S

tli~t I Yenture to criticise certain parts of it.

In the. extraordinary tale on page 87, which is one of the most creepy St0i;ies I have eYer read, Father Condon exetcises tha t restraint which I desire to see exercised in the parts indicated. This r~ally good ghost story , which leaves upon the mind an i·mpres·~ ion that it must be t ~: ue, should take its i:ilace on page one if there. is a reprint of the volume . Were this book freely circulated ~n Ireland it would tend to stop emigration. · Father Condon d raws from life, and . writes about what he has seen and felt. H e is one of those who go about with opeu eyes, and he has ears to hear. Some of his sketches re,·eal the petty hideousness which a phase of Americari life has to offer, the hideousness which is first cousin to the hideousness of a Manchester slum; and he te11.s of the loneliness, poverty, and false pride of many exiles. . His explanations ring true. There is the girl who would not go back to Irelalld, even though love cal.led her. Why? Because of " the reluctance of the Iri sh emigrant to return home a confessed failure ." A. N.

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~-_,.......,.......,.-,-.,..~~------~~-~·-

V.OLUNTEER-SAUCE• . Mariufaetur>ed by

TWINEM .. BR:o-s., DuBLL\J BATTALION. Boys wishing to join Na Fianna Eir10ann should apply to the officer in charge of any of the following Companies : COMPANY A . "

R ight-Half- 34 Lower Camden Street, Mondays and Thursdays, from 8-30-9-30 -p .m. Left"H alf- Teach Laighean, Rathmines, Mondays ancl Thursdays, from 8-30--9-30 p.m. COMPANY

C OMPANY

.COMPANY

COMPANY

'I RISH VOLUNTEERS

Iri sh Made Sh irts, Caps, P0plin Ties, Collars, Hosiery, etc. The best value for Cash in Limerick.

. 21 HENRY STREET.

No· Foreign Foodstuffs.

For- "IRELAND . OVER ALL."

Words and Mu~ic as s~ng by Gerard Crofts, _the Dublin tenor, to the air of the great German· .War Song, "Deutscbland Ueber Alles." Send Three Penny Stamps to . Eamonn Ceannt; 2 Dolphin. Terrace, Dolphin's Barn, Dublin. PROFITS TO IRISH VOLUNTEERS.

Cullens wood H ouse, · Oakley Road, Ranelagh, Tuesdays_ and Thursdays, from 7-8 p.m. · Route marches,· scouting, &c., on Saturday~ from 4-8 p .. m. · ' ··

A report of the Munster Conference in CAHILL'S AROMATIC QUININE AND IRON ~-imerick on Whit Mo'nJay readied me too late . TONIC will tone you up, steady your nerves, improve for insertion this week. · your appetite, enrich your blood. For summer lassitude,

for Neuralgia; try - a ·-bottle ·ls. - and 2s. ; postage 4d. Made only by ARTHUR J. CAHILL, The National Ch3mist, 82A Lewer Dor~t . Street, DubJin. .

vVrLLrn NELsoN ..

:Halt at KELLY'S TARGET RI~LES . . ~ 40 _AMitNS ·S'l'ReET. · ;. , -; . .: - Greener Martini Rifles Ete. .. 22 cal. 55},.

IO William Str-~ et, Lim~rick.

J0HN .DALYtS BAKERIES.,

26 William Street,

...

UNIFORM TO MEASURE · .. . 30/• · Spurs, 2/6 & 3 /•. Special Marching Boots, 10/6. Also SHIRTS, COLLARS 1 TIES, CAPS, HATS, SOCKS, BRACES, etc. . ;,~

. EVERYTHING TO .EQUIP

A.ii

"'°'1' ;Sc.dt . .1 Ceite Se.d-0 m.c.11'11'.>, n.d 'O.dome,"-;:-.d :E;.ae1'.>e.at.d : -

Sarsfield Street,

wive appeal to you as a Gael only f'or a trial o'rder. : We .a ·re certain to g~ve ~ ou Satisf'action.

LIMERICK.

. pson,0,15 6 bo'Otem.,

VER~)ES.

by our weaP.~ns . \Vere nierely w6oden st)earS, But rifles n.ow are carried Oy THE IRISH VOLUNTEERS.

In days gone

, ·

. Price ONE P~~NY; Post Free,, l ~d., to be obtained f~om

la Old Camden St., Dublin. ·'

•

16 16 13/6

'2fJ/-

27/6

50/60/10/6 37/6 3/and

Free.

Gun & Rifle Maker atid Ammunition Merchant, 3 INN'S QUAY, DUBLIN. Telephone 2574.

YOU SHOOT? ·

American made .22 "Hamilton" Rifle Sreven's .22 ".I..:ittle Scout" Rifle Steven's .22 "Crackshot" Steven's .22 " ' Marksman " · Steven's .22 "Favourite " Sav~ge-. 22 Repeate'r '

:'+

Irish Ireland Publications, Tracts, Pamphlets, &c., posted to :any· part of the world on receipt of order. to accompany all · o~ders._ Provincial Papers stocked to order.

Remittances · Five

' .

·-·

. 10/6 12/6v 16/·

.:. ~ . '20/.., 25/· . ..

30/ · .

•

. .

Pocket-Perfectly .New,,--Best" Leather-Irish Made-_Post ~re e, 6/~ each.

WHELAN 4 \. SON,

USI~

-"Green Cross Night -:·,

DRINK

'2fJ/-

L . . KEEGAN,

CAN

2 LOWER ORMOND QUAY.

MADE IN

27/6

LADIES' "AND GENT'S TAILOR •

All Classes of FEEDING STUFFS Stocked.

To~~~::~~~t~nd

ARMY~ ·- ~.

AND

VOLUNTEER

Steven's Favourite Rifles ... Marksman Rifles ... Crackshot Rifles .. . ,, Little Scout Rifles Winchester Single Shot Rifles .. . Heavy Model ... ,, ,, Repeater Rifles · , Heavy Model Hamilton Boys' Rifles Britannia Air Rifles Adaptors for 303 Rifles .. . T argets, 22 cal. Cartridges, · Cleaning Rods, All .Sundries. REPAIRS A SPECIAl,.ITY. Catalogues

5/. . . 1 /6 & 2 /each 1 /from 2 /6 1 Od. & 1 /1/6 Afl above made on prem _ ise$. ~-.

5-Pocket Leather Bandolier Belts . . . . Rifle Slings Caps ... Haversacks ... Puttees (same as Uniform)

Draper,

J. P. O'HICKEV,

IRISH FARM PRODUCE CAFE,

Volunteer '- Outfit Manufacturer.

p.<5:0-r-...<\15 6- 11-,o.,ttmutl,<5,m,

Support your own.

DO YOU FEEL WEAK, Depressed, or · run down?

Right-Half- Hibernian Hall, N . Frederick Street, Mondays and Wednesdays, from 8-9•30 p.m .

•f"-

le.an<1m :so utut uo ctu ..it' Srnnre.01'. _

Right-Half- -Father, Mathew Park , Fa-irview, Mondays and Fridays, from 7--8-30 p. m. Route 1narches, Saturdays at ·3-30. Left-Half-Foresters' H all , Dollymoun t, Tuesdays and Thursdays, from ·8--9-30 . .-Route marches on Sund'a.ys.

Right-Half---Rutland Avenue, Dolphin's Barn, Mondays and Thursdays, from 8-9 p.m. Left-H alf- Inchicore, Mondays and Thursdays, from 8-30--9 -30 p.m.; or Wolfe T one H all\ Chapelizod, on Tuesdays, at 8 p.m.

S • .C. ROAD, DUBLIN.

Left-Half.- -9 ·.Me rchants' Quay, · Monckn,.; and Thursdays , froin 8-30--9-30 p .m.

Lights~" .

Il~ELAND.

) 17 Qpper·Ormond Quay; • . • <· .. . ,; . .

DUBLIN.

RAZORS1 SCISSORS, POCKET KNIVES; and RAZOR STROPS from U·-to:6'/6 .~ch. \

WILLIAM RUSSELL & SONS. Hafrd'~essers,

KEpNAN'S

SS SOUTH KING .STREET, DUBLIN, : _,

Dr·y <iin2er·- A·Je. .

P rinted for the Proprietors at the North:'Gate Piin.ting Works, Belfast, and published at the Volunteer" Head " quarters, 2. Dawson Street, Du"bliil. · " . !

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A·'

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