The Irish Volunteer - Volume 2 - Number 26 by An Phoblacht

THE

EDITED 8 Y EOIN MAC N_EILL. Vol. 2.

No,

26 (New Series.)

NOTES.

The re 1:; daily iucre<Lsing evidence u f actiYity , ou the part uf those who are enthusi astic for militari:;m, to fo rce some fom1 of comp ulsory military serYice on the p ublic, and they base a good deal of hope on the fact that the L~beral Home Rule Gm·ernment has ;given place to a U nioni st-Liberal admini tra;t ion . It is hardl y likely that this sai11ple uf '" Pruss ian method:; ·: will be introduced in a :general way as practised on the Continent. We may rather expect the thin end of the wedg to be tried first, in the form of rai:;ing a limited number of men by compulsory levy . If this could be managed, the process coul d be repeated, or even a bolde r measure of conscription adopted, until the last available man would be held at the tli:;posal of the Go,·crnment .

Some of the leading adrncates of conscription or comp ulsory military service a re rather timid, and are afraid of arousing popul a r opposition. They show this by dodging the right name of the thing and calling it by a .s1reetening sort of name, "national sen ·ice. " Jt'rom this we may reckon that full discussion a nd fo ll preparation of the p ublic mind wil I .also be dodged and avoided! as far as pos ible, . :a nd that the thin end of the wedge will be . p ushed forward, if possible, in some sudden ancli secret manner, so that protests, when they come , may come too late. In a case of thi s kine!, there is a special force in sayi ng that "silence gives consent. "

SATURDAY, JUNE 5, 1915. OlJ[JOS ite of what is said. " A free gift ,. means that there 1rill be no compu lsion, and " a free people" means ·a people acting for itself without outs ide interference . Mr. Asciuith's declaration, in fact, is identical in meaning with the 1rnrds contained in the statement of policy of the Iri sh Vol un teer Com ention: 3.- T o resist any attemp t to force the men of Ireland into Military Service under any Government until a free National Government is empowered by the Irish people themselves to deal with it .

·X·

question. If an attempt was made to enforce compulsory service on any one of them, the attempt would be evaded if possible and resisted if res i s t~nce became inevitable . This is all implied in the agreement not to recognise the proposed law . But His Majesty's Attorney General for England _goes much farther than this, ancli lays down that, in a case of this kind, the opponents of the proposed measure should arm, train, a.nd organise tbemse!Yes in military form beforehand.

l(·

Tbe op inion of the ·Attorney General of England, chief law adviser of the Imperial Government, comes next in order. Sir Echrnrd Carson, being a lawyer, cannot be expected to deal with a law that does not yet exist as if it were alread y in force . H e has no objection, howeYer, to laying down 1i·hat can be and ought to be done to defeat a future law which, if e1iacted, would bring about a fundamental change in the relat ions between a large body of citizens and the existing Sta te, and which 1rnultl be gravely obnoxious ancl repulsive to the fee lings and comictions of the said large body of citi zens. Sir Edward Carson has bad no hes itation· in statin g and recommending the attitude which the citi zens ought to take up lo1rn rds such a la"-. ._, They ought, in bis opinion , to bind thc1rnelves together by n. solemn underslancling, which may be ca lled n. Covenant. Their first poiut of ag reemen t :;hould be tbat , when the obnoxiou~ measure becomes Jaw, if it ever becomes law , they will refuse to recognise it. -:\-

Let us see what exactly thi s would mean in the case of a law of conscription, or of partial For the benefit of the J ri~h 1~ublic, tl1e con ·cription, of compulsory military sen·ice op inions of leading men in the new Govern- imposed on any number .of citizens, large or ment have been asce rtained . The first to be small. It would mea n that none .of those who consulted was natuqLll y the P rime Minister , agreed in thei r opposition to comp ulsory serYice "·oulcl gi1·e any assistance whatsoever to ~fr. Asquith . Mr. Asquith's advice is that military service in Ireland sho\.1ld be " the free carry the law into effect. They would bebaYe in all circumstances as if the law were null and ~ift of a free people. " This pronouncement vo id. They ·1rnuld a nS\\'eI no questions, fi\l up leav~s nothina to be desi red except , what is • 0 nn returns, offer or di sclO:se no i.n fonnation that ~1lways to be de. ired in ministe rial pronou ncements, that 11·hat is done may turn out th<' ex;1.-;L wa~ requi red for . the: purposes of the b1Y i11 -X·

Price One Penny.

·Ji:-

These riew:; of Sir Edw ard Carso n haYe the hearty concurrence of Hi s Mn.jesty's Solicitor General for EI)gland, Mr. F. E. Smith. They are also understood to haYe the support of Mr. Ba lfour, First )~ord of the Admiralty, Mr. Bonn.r Law, Secretary of State for the Colonies, Lord Lansdowne, Cabinet Minister -,~ without 0{9rtfolio, and various other members. of the Government. Any contrary op1mons ascribed to " Liberal " members of the present Government must not, Sir Edward Carso~1 thinks, be taken qui te ~P,riousty. Sir Edward reminds us that a certain performance of his own, when he put these views of bis in action, was described by the Premier, 1fr. Asquith, as "a grave and unprecedented outrage." H e on his part declared Mr. Asquith's attitude to be "a hypocritical sham," but the use of these high dictionary explosiYes has not at any time ", impa ired mutual good relations, which at this moment are better than eyer. -x-

·X·

Kot to n1ake the list Loo long, and omitting X, Y, Z, we shall take the next last letter, W . Lord Wimborne, the Liberal Horne Rule Lord Lieutenant and Lieutenant GoYernor of Ireland, appears equally impressed with tbe soundness of Sir Edward Carson's position. H aving graciously interviewed as many as po5sible of Si~ Ed1rard's leading adherents in this particular programme, · the Viceroy bas taken occasion to declare publ icly several times that . what bas most impressed him in this ottitudc of theirs is its "loyalty," which Mr. -Birrell , Chief Secre tary for Ireland, :ilso assures us, " h:b nOL been c;i.llcd io questkm . ...

l'HE IRI SH VOLUNTEER. We have here a yery definite programme for opposing conscription laid down for us by the highest Imperial authorities, but it is· not en,ough. Every public representatiYe man who is silent about conscription is inviting conscription.' Conscription is not the Jaw of the land. EYery man is free to speak again st it, to 'rnrk against it, to ag itate against it, to make preparations to d'efe<1t it. Labour represen tati1'es a11d . w me Libe ra ls in England openly oppose conscription. The man who is not against consrr iptiorr is for it. EYeryone who holds a pos ition of respons ibility to the p ubli c and who neither S]Jeaks nor moYes while the fingo Press of Engla nd is doil!lg its utmost to bring about (·onscription- e1·ery _such man is the ally of the Jin go P res. . Keep· tl1at fact Lefore you now, and ·don't forget it in the future. i(·

Murphy's wealth, but Just, let us say, one half of what Mr. Murphy coul d spare and still remain comfortably well off. I only mention Mr. Murphy as a stJeCimen. Any meastUe of conscription, it it is not intended to be oppressive towards the poor and ·p artial to the rich, should comprise po1Yers to commandeer a cer•tairi amount, let us say, two-thirds, of the \ve.a lth that ri ch men have to spare. If it is ri ght to take life a nd all from the poor , it_ is surely rjght to take all the rest from the n ch and leaYe them tbe ir exalted li1·es.

The Irish member&of Parliament in general ;1re keeping silence now al>out compulsory serYice. Mr. Dillon spoke against it, but that was sonie . months ago. Mr. Gwynn and Mr. Sheehan ha,·e been facilitating conscription by their prophecies . The public opinion of Ireland· i_s entirely hostile to conscription. Is p ublic opinion going to be gagged and bound and sold in the· marke t by those who cla im to be its representatives ?

There is one aspect of con scrip li~n that the a dYocates of conscription are careful to ii:,ri1ore. Life and he_a lth are the ·whol e property and capital of the poo1: m(ln, the only resources he has · for himself and those dependent on him. When a poor man is enlisted , be gives up to the State all that he bas.· In time of war, the rich man pay ~ somethi1ig extra in taxes ·and is still well off . If he goes to the war. and risks his life or health, · he still leaves those dependent on him with a comfortable subsistence. Under the voluntary system, the poor man offers all he has , he · offers it freely, and the offer is accepted. What rich man in these days ever offers all his property and capital to the State for the purposes of waF? The Yiews of Mr. William Martin Murphy, proprietor of the " Irish Daily Independent," al·e well known. How much of his wealth has Mr. Murphy offered? How niany thousand .pounds has he enlisted of his own money ? If he gave up two-thirds of his wealth, he could live in comfort and luxury 011 the remaining third. Thousands of poor men have given all. Will Mr. Murphy give two-thirds and be content to live comfortably on the remainder? Will he giYe half? Will he giYe a third ? If he refuses, how can he propose th at any poor man should giYe all? ·X-

}\ow look at this from the standpoint of compulsory service. Mr. Murphy's newspaper has come Yery near advocating compulsory service. If that is what Mr. Murphy wants, why not let him ha Ye it? Compulsory service, in the case of the poor man, means taking all .he has from him without his consent. Mr. Murphy would be among the first to admit that what is '.sauce for the goose is sauce for the gandeT. H e would, I am sure, be ashamed to skulk behind a poor man. H e would welcome any pr9posal that would make his burden proportionately equal to the poor man's. Therefore I conclude that, if it is right to take the poor man's all, it is ri ght to take Mr. Murphy's all for the same purpose . But let us be tender and merciful toward s the ricl) man . Suppose th:il the CO\·ernment oommancleers, i1ol al l Mr.

Saturday, June 5th, i915. Alasdair that are still preserYed in the Scottish Gaeldom and have .been recorded in Lor~l Archibald Campbell's " ·Records of Argyll ." The editor quotes from Buchan that the Irish soldiers under Alasdair " were probably the best foot in Britain at th time ." The race is not yet extinct . EoIN l\'L'\c ::\mLL. •

m1mce.

1r f.o:o .o. . .o.no1r 6 tor11t1\t;e.o.m.o.p ,\5 cup .o.5ur .0.5 c(m;e ...\li1 m.o.r t;e.o.Ll .o.r1 .0.11 5ce1p:; reo 11.0. 11-lt111f1Ce. 1r 10111"0.0. 6p.11"0 tlpe.<I. S uo c;u5.o.u 111-&f' ~ e.o.ll t11f1f1l. 1r 10111-0.0 Le15-xe.<.\f uo ce.l\p.o.'6 -00' 11 5.o.L.o.r1 ti..,tti.o.r..&c ro 1 * * I find that in one or two places young men 1r 10111-0.0. 1.0.f'f'.O.Cc; uo c;u5~\'6 re'n .o. Le15e.o.r, ha1·e the curious notion th at :being in the Vol un- .o.cc; i::: ~I e.o.5t.o. orim 5u1,.o.b e """11 ueoc uo'n teers mi ght mark them out specially for con- i:::.o.rc; n.o.c ui:;"5.11115 " e 5 6 nm:se reo . c..& 1M scrip tion. The Yery contrary is the fact . "O.O.Oll1e <l-5 r..&5.&1l 11.(\· c;lf'e I 11-.0. 5ce.O."Q(;.(\10 Active membersh ip of the Volunteers is their "OU0.0. .o.1101r r e 111..0.JI tJlOD.O.f' f.O.f' .0.fl tOfnt11$ best guarantee against conscription. If con.o.n c.o.11rnc;. "OC1op.o.u teo reo .o. ol .o.r .l\1511e scription came, it would begin by taking the men it coul d take most easily from the abl e- uuL t.o.r Le.o.r 50 mbfe.o.11t'"-' -0610 r -"'n.o.rn.\rnc; r.o. mb.o.1le: 50 mbe.o.u .<.\11 n;eul re.o.cc; bocl iecl pop ulation of the proper age . 11-ll.O.lf'e nlor 1ne-"'r.o. .o.c.o. t.<.\LL, 1 50 fl.0.10 11.(\ * * * 1111Lc;e '0.0.0111e 5,c.11 Ob.l\111 111f 11..0. fc;,&c;,c.11) 1 Sean MacDiarmada is to take his trial this 111r 11..0. c;16pt.c. 1t'> e1Le t ..o.p te.o.p, .o.cc; 1 nu1.c.1u week under the Defence of the R ealm Act. H e is a stro ng soul in not too strong a frame . lt 1M co1i1.o.1pLe 1 n"' c..o.mc;e 50 te1r1 11l'L ..o.on C.o.u r e may console him to know tbat the Irish- L.o.5uu5.o.u c;.c.5.o.1te .o.p .o.n 11111rce. nue.o.p .o.n r:seuL .o. t'>e1t 111.0.f' r111 ? .<\ Le1t·1mperi a li st combine is now no more, and that his colleagues of a season last );ear :ire not bi s e"'u feO .(\ U.0.0111e t11l111111c;e.O.tlD.0. 1 11i tl)'.'U.0.1JI n.o. u.o.0111e <1. t'>l <I.JI .o.15ne -out t.0.1' Le.o.ri .o.cc; ja ilers. .0.11 ue.o.5-c.o.11111c; .o.5ur .o.n ue.o.t;-co1i141pLe. * Mr. Fawsiu, Secretary lo the Irish Indus- lHor ct11pe.c."6 11.c. h-01bpe ..,,c.o. ..o.p bun , 11ior1 trial Developmen_t Association of Cork, p ub- cm1,eo.u 1M n1 u1tne 41' rrno.c.L 1 ucpeo 50 lished some days ago a return showing that the mbe.o.u re .&fl o. 5cum.o.r c;u.c.p.o.ru.c.1L uo poultry industry is one of the three largest ancl tu1lLe..o.1i1 .o. co1111e.6.ur.o.u be6 1 11 -..o. uc;1r1 )'.'e111 most profitable industties of Ireland. (It is 1.(\"Q. ,<\n .o.on 1011511.0.1) m:.o.p rm 50 oru1\., tl.(\ the soundest industry of a 11, for the poorest u.o.0111e -"'5 b.<.\1l1l1$-"'D leo r e111 50 ll -.<\meprural labourer can be a sharer in it.) Immec;l- 1oc..o. 1 50 uc;l 11.0. c;lopt..o. eite 1 5 ce1n co1i1 iatel y afterwa rds, Mr. Fawsitt received notice c;1u5 1 ne1p11111 ..o.'r 1r rern1p Leo ?. {;,-\ rlof under the D efence of the Realm Act to clear ..0.5 ..0.11 r..o.05.o.t 11-0.c rern111 u..o.0111e "00 cotu5out of Cork City and County. And yet Lord Northcliffe's papers insist that the Defence of ,.o.1) ..o.p m..o.1'6m C.l\111nc;e, ~· 111 cotl115e.o.1111 the Realm is _not carried on as Yigorously as it b11e1tpe 11._, bp.o.1t1,e." .<\cc; c.c.u .o. uetmr.o.. ought to be. If eggs are getting plentiful, m urn cu11 11.0. u.o.0111e .(\ co1me.au .0.5 b.c.1te? shells are scarce. I don't deny that we have C\11 .o.n.o.-tiocc; 1re.o.u 1 peo .o.5ur- - . -0.11 e.&"6, mm re ? m.a'r c;lp .0.11.0.-oocc; j c.& tir.c.5too many soft eggs in the country. .<.\1111 rl .0.11 c;-.o.1p5e.o.u .(\ c.c.1te..o.11n rl .O.lfl oe.o.t· * * K ow that the greater part of the Irish Press u1r5e 1 .o.1p oeci1p ? C1011nur .o. t.o.ptm;Se.0.1111 is so fully occupied with the affairs of all the nlor 1i10 .o.1115e.o.u 111r 11-0. b.o.nc..0.10 .o.1cl 11 ..., world, there is a growing demand for papers m.o.r1 .o.c;.-\ .(\5 .0.011 c;lp e1Le .o. oru1t .o.n mern 1r pipurc; .c.n that p ut Irish affairs first and foremost. One ceuun<.\ ue u.i..0111 10 11111c;i? of the papers that have come to supply this ce1rc; u 'tpe.o.5.o.1pc ni 'L .0.011 101111c;..,01ti .0.5 demand is " Na Bae Leis." Its . writers use 111U11111(;1fl 11.(\ ll-e1pe.<.\1111 .o.rco re111, 1 1f '001$ the Irish Jangua.ge only. One effect has been Leo ,, ...,c op11t .0.011 m.o.1te.o.r 111 .o.on n1-o ..o. to stimulate the study of Irish in strange ueunc;..0.1-1 1 n -e11111111 . C.o.1te.o.1111 ..o.n f e.o.p places. f.'\1'61'.>1p cul.<.\ lt e.o.u..0.15 .<.\ ueu11.o.m 1 lo1111u..o.111 * 1 pe1pe bp65 .o. ueun ..\1i1 1 11~-0.111ep1oc..o.. fl! The Gaelic League has just published a rern1r1 Le1r -"' Le1ternl f .&t;.&1L 1 11 -eq111111 u.0.11 book, comp iled by Seosam.h Laoide, under the te1r re111 , 1 "Q,-\ "Oelpe.o.'6 ..:\0111ne Leif n.&p title "Alasdair Mac Colla." The con tents are Yarious pieces of Irish prose and verse relatin g. ce.o.r{; u6 ..0.11 i:::-.o.q15e..o.u uo Le 15111c; .o.r ..0.11 to the fa mil v and fortunes of a ·heroic soldier c;lp , u 'e1peoc <\U r e .o.p blllle .O.lJI .0.11 uc;o1pc;. of the Gael., When the war of 1641 broke out, -0.11 -0615 te 11 -.o.011111 e 50 Le15re..o.u c. te1tern Alasdair inflicted two smashing defeats on the reo u 'te..o.p .o. 6urn .o.1p5rn u.0.1"6 cun 01b1,ec.c~' c ...\1111 -re Un Parl iamentarians in County Antrim. After- uo cup ..0.11 btm 1 11-e1pmn ? war}:lS ·he brought two Irish ·reg iments, one c 11111c;e 11.0. Le15te.o.u , 1 c;.o.1rb e.<.\n..o.1111 J'111 11.0.c from. each side of the Bann, oYer to Scotla.nd .0.011 e..o.rp.c.11'.l ..o.1r15rn ""c;.& ..0.5 cul' op.0.11111 .o.cc; to a id Montrose, and won a series of victor ies e.<\rb..0.1-0 1i11r111 5, 1 101111i::.o.01oe ..o.5.l\11111 ..o.r..0.11111 against larger and better armed forces of the re111. n1 11-..0.011 1i1.<\1te-"'r ·ou11111 .c. oe1t ..o.:s Covenanters . In 1647 he returned to Ireland bp.&t .:\It' 11.6. D..c\0.111 10 f.C.1-01'.>pe CUil Olbpe 1)0 and joi ned Pres ton's Arm y. At the .battle of rot.o.t.0.111 "00 11.l\ "0..0.011110 .o.c;..1 -"'ll .o.1511e .0.11 Cnoc na n-Os in Munster, he was outflanked c;lp u '}'.6.5..o.1t. C..o.1tf1mrn ..o.p 5coc;..o.1"6e uo and cap tured by Murchadh O'Briain , the Irish o.o.mc; uinn 1tt11;S1rc;e.<.\c f.&11 ob..o.1p r11111 re111 . ally of the Parliamentarians, and was murc.a r10J' c.5..0.11111 50 rn.o.1t 11..0.c Ofllll .0.011 uu111e dered on the field by an English officer. Had 1 5-Connp.o.'6 11.<.\ 50.e"61l5e com r..o.1'60111 le Alasdair and his comrade Maghnus O'Cathain kept their Irish regiments in Ireland, they Cpoerur, .ace; c;.6. mop.in ·o..o.0111e f-"' 5Con11might ha Ye made a different history. The book 11.\"6 :so OfUlL pOH111(; m.o.1t ..0.1f151'D .<.\ CC.. 10.'0 contains a brief history in Tr ish of Alasdair's ro 50 ormL re ,\Cu Cl1 1J'1"01r Le ce1Le e :-/ ca11eer. \\Tit ten by me . for " F ainne an L ae" cu1r1u1r mu1te..o.1111 otnc. 116 mt11te..o.1111 U11 scvent<"cn yt·<t r ~ ago. I am sorry that the e.o.uu15 nO pe f .O.$,l t' l11l11le.<.\1111 lJ' 1Yl.d1t Leo edi.tor Ill issLd ~C)[Ue interesting memor ies 0 r .o.p bun . 11io11 be.(.\s (\11 me 1"0 111 .0.J' c;op1u5·

The Conscri·p tionists ban; . nol yel pro]Josed to force compul so ry sern cc on Canada, Australia , or New Zealand. \"ihy on Ir land ?

Saturday, June 5th, r9r5.

THE IRISH

VOLUNTEER.

,\'() b10D n.o. t'.6.1'M'0.6.t' 1 n-.o.nn 11iOf mo IM '0.6.0tlle '00 co1me"'\'O J'.<.\ mb.o.1te . 'Oe1re.o.n11 TM u .o.orne e.0.5110.15 1 .o.5 .o.1n11e 110.c c61p -oi11nn ueum::ur.o.i 50.eue.o.t.o.c.o. , .o. ce.0.1111.0.c mun.o. 1'lp11tm com m.c.1t .c.;sur corn r.c.or te1r.. 1i.c. ueum::mr11'l 1.0.r.c.ci:::.c.. Sm e .c.11 com.o.111te .o. u.c.tt no. u.c.0111e 1 .c. rrnne<.'.'6 -01051'l.&1t .c.11 .&f' 'Oeum:;mpl'l. nl 't r.c.n cotil.c.1rte flll <.\CC b.C.Ot-C~11111C fe"'-11 -tiln.&. "{;.& .c.n C-.111':Se.C.'O ""':S li"'- 5.c.tto.11'> 1 c .& 11"'- uq1t1r1u e 1r re.o.rt' .o.c.<.\ , 1 c.& C"'-t15e .c.c ..., -<.\f' .c.n 5n6 , 1 'O' .o. 1'lr1s rm 1r rern1r Leo 11.1 11-e.o.rr.o.1'6e .o. '6et111.o.1i1 nior r.c.01re ti.c. 1r rern1r l11111 1.6.'0 <.\ '6euno.1i1. -6.t' .0. ton f111 lJ' C61t' 'OU11111 cmlleo.'6 o. t.c.o.c.1f1c, m.1'r rlM:c.c.11.c.c e, cun e"'-r11.d1"6e 5.0.eue.dl.c.c.o. "" t.o.;S.&tl 1 11-1011 ~\'0 e.c.11r,.,1-oe 1.0.V.C.CC.:l.. °R.U'O e1le f6J': m.& Ce.dllntll E:)Ce.0.11 e.c.rr.o.1ue 5 .0.eue&.c.c.o. r'-'11<.\1111 .M1 i::-.c.1r;se<'<-o :SO le1l' f.C.n Cit' reo , .C.CC m.& ce.c.1111u15ce<.\11 e ...'l't'"'1"6e 5.0.ll'O.<.\ nl f <.\11<\1111 p15111n f.d rctllm :s .0.5,,.mn, .c.cc 1mt15e.c.n11 .c.11 c-.11t':se.o.u 50 S.&r.:1.11.0. 116 cir e15111 e1le, 1 mmM t>rmt .o.n C-.6.lt':Se.C.'O f.C. Cit' 111 f P.1"01t' 11,'\ 'OeUllCUlfl .o. cur .0.11 bun. Se .c.n c -rtl;Se 1r re.o.pp cu11 co1r:s "' cu 11 Le1r Mi 1m111ce n.o. ueunc111r1 .o. cur ~T' bun, 1 lf e .o.n c-rtl;Se 1r re.0.1111 Cl111 uet11icmr1 .6. CU!'I .c.111 bun 11.6. e.O.f't'.<.\1De 5.0.e'Oe.o.l.o.c<\ <.\ ce.dnn.c.c. "Ci, ""n be.c.L.<.\c ·olre.c.c 1101iM1\'J , .:1 5.c.eue.,.L.o.n.& c e J.11 11u15 e"'r110.1'0e .o.cc ec.p11.c.1'6e 50.eue.6.LlC<\ 1 If' 5 e.o.11p :so mbet"O ue111e.c.-011 le1r .c.11 1m1pce. Clbe 11uu ,,i:;.,,1 l1~1C 1 biO'Oll fe Clpln 116 piop.1.\ , beO.Jl.6.'0 116 c ut.o.1t e.c.-0.<\15, c.c.111n:se 116 r e1n1e.c.c, n,\ ce.11111i115 ce.c.nn ~'C"'- .c.cc ce.c. nn <\ u e un<\1i1 I n-etp11111 . 111 l1t':Sl.C.1'0h .C.1101)' 1 blE:)mh ,'\5 obc.111 , .:lcc .c.p 51'"''011 1'.>e 11,\ cto1rm1 r .c. cu1lle.o.1i1 c.<\t nnce. Ob.o.1r 1r e~rn l1 .,\C,\ t.1.<\11111 . ru~e

THE QUESTION OF ARMS. (A LESSON FROM 1'"LA:\ DERS .) The following is an extract from a recent French comm unic1ue : "At Harcour t, to the south of Chaulres, an attack by about 80 men was made against our lines . The assailants were armed with wire-cutters, grenades, Brownings and knives." There is considerable grounJ for enco uragement for us Volunteers in that. It describes the kind! of arms that are good cnozcg/1 for close, determined fighting by small bodies of men. The weapons which the Germans are described as using are such as they clearly considered suitable for hand-to-hand encoun ters. The Germans could have carried any wea pons they wished- there was no shortage with them. But they deliberately selected those they thought handiest. T he incident should furnish a sensible lesson ·to those Volunteers who are still too particula r a bout the kind of arms they want. What the great European armies thirik good enough for them-·in detached combats of small bodiesshould certainly in the same circumstances Le good enough fo r us. lt is to be hoped that wi th an example of thi s kind before them the Vo l unteers will not be so particular in fu ture . There is no shortage whateYer of arms in a general sense. There are obtainable large numbers of those identical Browning autom::itic pistols which were used by the German troops on ~he occasion described ! There are also considerable supplies of suita!ble anummition for these wea:pons. If any Irish Volunt er fails to get hold of some kin d of a "shootingiron " it is entirel y his own fault, and nobody else's. Those Volunteers who are rbest qualified to judge qf the relati ve merits of the different kinds of fire-arms, are the very men who are forem0st in urging every man to secure any good w eapon at all.

s.-<C.

IRELAND WITHOUT HER VOLUNTEERS .

ENGLAND'S TASKS. Conscription, the Contemporary Review assures its readers, wo uld 1be neither useful nor ornamental. It would defeat the very .object which England has before her- the destruction of militarism. The des truction of militarism, says the Contemporary, is the second great task which England has undertaken. The . first was the destruction of clericalism, which still exists, however, in a part of the British I sles . But if we except th is stronghold of clericali sm, E ngland hris succeeded in her first great task . Clericalism is clear] y, according to the C ontemporary, a spot on the One Bright Spot! While con~rad ictin g the Contemporary, we coul d mention seYeral spots ourselves . -:~

-x-

SPOTS ON THE ONE BRIGHT

SPOT .

Tlzc "G " iv! an. The " G" Man was the "last to lea Ye"; H e had a birdcage up his slee\"e; The birdcage had three linnets in it, Who ~ang a Marseillaise a minute.

The "G" Man was both s;pick and span !

Some said a trifle more than span; Others a trifle less than spick, Because he made his linnets sick . H e taught those early birds to sing By feeding them on fiddle string; And when they uttered f eeble notes H e i~ ulle cl it sharply from their throats. That artful man would also press Their trembling tails in wate r-cress, And dip their little feet in. lime To keep them from the pa.th of qi me. -lE-

·lE-

The above innocent nonsense rhyme was · some time ago illustrated and sent forwa rd for reproduction; b ut the ·" Castle" approp ri n:.:l it, either because the originality of the draw-. ings appealed to the P asha's artistic instinct, or because the illustrator was foolish enough to say that "a healthy contempt fo r the . pow~rs that ought ;,ot to be was a desirabie state. of affairs.

·.

THE IRISH, VOLUNTEER.

4 GAELS! Remember an Irish Irelan<ler when you want New ·or Secondhand Typewriters, Duplicators, Stencils, Stencil . Ink, , Ribbons, - Carbons, Papers, &c. Any make of Typewriter Repaired. THE FOLEY TYPEWRITER TRADING CO. Reis Cliambers DUBLIN. Telephone 117Y. -

·.

Everything Photographic, from a Sticky Back to t.he largest Oil_Painting.

'l"he Franco-Portrait Studios,

I It's an

Ill Wind.

In reply to a Yery pol ite letter from one of the three gentlemen at the head of the Par! iarnentary P ar ty, we said, in so many words,_ not so very Imig ago , "stick to your constitutional ism, and lea 1·e Volunteerin g to us. " W e went on to point out that as the Party had made itself responsible- for a section of the Volunteers it was the Party's duty to keep its Volunteers at concert pitch,_ howm·er parado~i ca l this dual a dmonition might appea r. For dea rly the paradoxical position was no fault of ours. One obvious bless ing, a n outcome of the Coa lition Cabinet, is Mr. Redmond's refusal to enter that Cabinet. But a greater blessing is the determination of Mr. R edmond to stick to Constitutionalism and fi ght his- battles hy means of the Lea gue. We are exceedingly g lad that Mr. Redmond has accepted our advice; and the reasons for our glad ness may be stated without much effo rt. Whe n you \\"ant your ha ir cut , -Y?U don't go to a greengrocer's; a nd you do not 1·isit a plumber when you des ire to purcha se a silk hat. On the sa me principle, if you want an effectiYe Volunteer force you don't go to a

THE RECRUITING NUMBER. . There was a large dema nrl for the Special R ecruiting Number of the "Irish Volunteer " t1he week before last, and ma ny ~ housand copies were distributed at the great Volunteer or Gaelic Leag11e rallies which marked the WhitAH -literary communications for the " Irish . sµntide in so many parts of the country. Despite the fact that the daily press apparently Volunteer" s~ould -b~ a_d dressed in foture to da re not any longer chronicle o ur activities, we ' ' VOLUNTE.ER HEADQUARTERS; have managed at the right moment and in the · · 2 Dawson Street, DU'BLIN. right way to bring our \vork , a nd the fruits of All communications re Advertisements to be our work, very effectively before the public. ~o one , for ins,tance, could po -sibly have b een addressed to the abroad at Whitsuntide wi thout realising that IRISH PRESS 'BUREAU, the Tr:i sh Volunteers are a 1·ery Yital force . -3o- Lower Abbey Street, ~UBLIN. WI-HTSUNTIDE RALLIES . Three great rall ies of Iri sh Voluntee r~ Constitutionalist. marked the Whitsunti de holida1' season. First There a re two side - to these situations, the in the a mount of public a tte ntion it attracted SATURDAY, JUNE 5th, 1915. \\-as the parade of oYer a thousand armed men tradesman's side and the customer's side. at Limerick. The me n we re drawn fro m the The -customer \vho wishes his haii: cut simply L ime ri ck, Cork, and Dublin Brigades . The ;woid~ troub ling a greengrocer, because he has distingui shing feature of the p :uade was that on ly armed men took part in it. The march no confi dence in the :ihility of that trarlesman eYidently impressed very favouralbly the citizens to cut bis ha ir. of Limerick, the vast ma jority of whom were And the_ greengrocer docs not encoura ge plainly sympathetic. _The hostile demonstrae who require their hair c ut, because be peopl tions chronicled in the ne\rspapers were con- The Ce11tral Executi.ve "of the Irish Volunfined to a single 11uarter cf the city, and to a has ne ither the inclination to undertake such a teers met at Headquarters on \Vednesday sect ion of t!he people even in that quarter. At task as hair cutting, i;ior does he possess sui te\'e ning , 12th May, Commandant · Thomas Killarney on the same day, in connection with . Mac D onagl1 in the cJiai r ; on Wedi1esday ab le tools: the local Feis, a parade quite as large, if not l'\'ening, 19th May, Commandan~ P. H. larger, was held 6f Irish Volunteers drawn There you a re ! Pearse in the chair; and on Wednesday evenfrom the rnrious centres of o ur activity in Th ere's 1101 a man i11 I rd and who wilt deny ing, a6th May, · Professor Eoin Mac Neill , Kerry. In a rough way of speaking, K erry is T'resirlent, in the chair . _ t lial t lie people who were attracted to V olu11unanimously with us, and the fact was Reports on Orga nisation, Train ing, Recru itemphasised more clearly _than ever at Whit teeri.i·1g were attracted because the foimders of ing, and F inance were submitted at each Sunday's · demonstration in Killarney. Both tlze l 'olunteers meant busi11ess; and there's not meeting, and various Battalion and Company townspeople a nd country contingents were at appo intments made or _ratified. one with the spirit and aims of the Irish a -man in Ireland who will deny that Mr. The Headquarters' Staff desires to express Volunteers. At Enniscortby again, where R edmond took up Volunteering, shall we say, its satisfaction with ·the parade of Irish Feis Loch Carmain was being held, the Irish reluctantly, or that the L eague and its rulers Volunteers held at- Limerick, at .Killarney , and Volunteers were well in evidence . at Enniscorthy on Whit Sunday. possessed no taste for Volunteering or the TRAINING. H eadl,1 ua rters, 2 Dawson Street, a bility or inclination to prm·ide proper a rms D emonstrations a re good once in a 1ray, but Dublin , 28th May, 1915. training must go on always. It is to be hoped and ammu ni tion under th present difficult conthat Companies and Battalions everywhere are ditions_ N OTES FROM H EADQUARTERS. utilising the present very favourable weathe r If Mr. R ed mond had a llowecl the Volunteer T -HE RECRUITING BooM_ for outdoor work. Field, training should be to remain unclisturl1ed, the position rnoYement the order of the ho-ur. Our men must get to R ecruits a re coming in a lmost everywhere. Few of the active Companies have failed to know the country, every inch of it. Judging o f Ireland to-day and the position of M r. receive an'ltccession -o f strength during the-past distance, the use of co\'er, protection on the Redmond, would base been very d ifferent. His few w~ks, old members coming back and new march, the attack and · defence of Yillages, action in returning to Constitutionalism,--Gy members- joining. In centres where ~ Companies scouting in all its branches, open-air target had unfortunatel v been dormant during the pra.ctice,-here _a re items of our programme declaring that his policy is_ a. reviYal of the winter they have· revived again and taken up wh ich req uire a 11 the time we are able to devote U. l.L., shows that be ap preciates these facts _ to them. Let no Comp-any omit its weekl y the ir p rogramme of work where they -left off. H ad he left the Voluntee rs alone , the men The whole movement is swinging back to the _ parade for open-a ir training dur ing these the ranks would ha.Ye been supplied with in summer months. Whether an instructor be pos-i tion ·it occupied twelve months ago, \Yhen it was so evidentl y the dominant fact of the available or not, the men must get out into the proper rifles . We should have had a standin g ::ituation in Ireland. It has really been the country and learn, where alone they can learn :umy of Ol'er 200,000 men, who could tn1st dominant faM all alon g , although not so mtich it, the trnde of Voluntee r~ . . GRAFTON ART STUDIO.

in evidence. a ~ it was when the newspapers "'ere advertisl11g it.. The Irish Volunteers ha1·c shown an amazing vitality, an :<mazing stayirig power. They desen·ed to win, and they are winning. As Company after Company gets to work again, as recruit after recruit comes in , we feel more defi nitelv ·than ever how ·1yel l worth while jt was to fight the stubborn fight o f la ~t :rntumn and winter. Ho w ro HELP. E\·ery Irish Volunteer is naturally anxio us to help to give the present recruiting boom a little p ush on. The Director of Recrui ting h:i ;; leaflets a nd circulars ready which will p ut helpers on the ri ght track. There is something for every Company to do, something fo r e\·ery indiYidual to do. Find out- the J1eeds and possibi lities of your district, find o ut your o wn capabilities, cons.ul t the local leaders and the Director of R ecruiting at H eadquarters : the n go to work and show results . Report progress now a nd then so that we may not get out of touch with you.

Saturday, June 5th, ' 1915.

11_1 . Grafton Street,. 46 Harrington Street, _ . 85 Talbot Street, 11 Lr. Camd_e n Street and 39 Mary- Street, DUBJ.,IN.

lhe Irish ·Volunteer

I·HeadqUarters' Bulletin J

THE IRl·S H VOLUNTEER.

Saturday, June 5th, 191 5. t!icjr karkr~ to" mean husines<· ri nd 1rhe n the cri sis came .M.r. R edmond coul d h:wc pointed to the Volu nteers and 5a id- " My clear Asquith, [ wri sh nw hands of them. I am a gentle , My harml ess soul; but those V olimteers ! clear hap , if they don't ge t H ome Rule fo r all Irela nd ' ri ght now ,' I really tremble for the fa te o f yo ur excellen t police force and your bea utiful Saxon institu tions. If the y go , well don't blame me ." C learly the refusal of Mr. R edmond to enter Lhe Cabinet was ~1 n act di cta tee! by a clesi re for self-preservation. We pred icted a retu rn to national sanity long ago ; and the healthy min d of the nation ha s e rtecl itself. Modern society has inven ted a furn ace by \1·hich bodies , coffins and all, are cremated. Home Rule , already in i_ts coffin- in fact, unfortunate creature! cradled in a coffin, the Statute Book- has gone , coffin :i nd all, into the Coa lition cre matorium . :tvir. J ohn Red mo nd had no desire to follow it. So we have the energies of the men who know how to conduc t the United Irish L eague rleYo ted to that work henceforth ; a nd we ha Ye the Irish Volu nteers un der their military counc il devot in g themse h·es to b usiness as ;1,s .

Vo lunteers . That is a genuine economy of Iri sh energy. vVe can't afford to waste energ y in Ireland . In· future it will be a case of every man to his trade . And already the "diverted" Volunteers are resuming their old J2laces under the "me n who mean -busines~ ." Ire land shall h a.Ye reason to rejoice O\'er this, as the future will certainly sho\\' .

KILLARNEY. A l) RlVATE REPORT. The f(>llowing is a translatio n of a le tter written in I rish from one who is unconnected with the Volunteers. The value of th is cYidence of the Vol un teer revival is there fore much grea ter , ns the comme nt" is a di sin terested . <)ne : -

" The re ll'Cre OYe r r ,ooo Volunteers from all p;u-ls of K erry. They had an excellent a ppearancc, and neither drunkenness nor disturbance marred the ir assembly. Thank Goel we haYe two· prie sts with the spirit of fr ee me n, Fathe rs Charles Brennan and J oseph Breen . They were present throughout the clay with Eoin Mac Ne ill , and they were by hi s sid e when 'he presented a banner of the R isi ng Sun to the hosts of Kerrv 's army. . . . U p to the \'Cry clay before "the meeting inspired rumours of disaster were sp read through Killarney ; and nothing was left undb ne to mar rhe success of the day. Besides the Voluntee r,;, ro,ooo people came to the town . The Volunteers of Killarne y macle £80 rlear p rofit on 1he day! " From wha t we know of the Killarney men. this money will not be spent on "G'aspipes !"

If you want DRY FEET and PERFECT FIT -

TRY-

~AHEEN,

Bootmaker,

115 Emmet Ro.ad, Inchicore, 22 Stoneybatter, and 23 'Bishop Street. REPAIRS Neatly Executed at MODERATE CHARGES .

THE STUDY OF MILITARY HISTORY. · I

The fir t tho ught tha t will occur to readers of such battles as Kinsa le, Ne w R oss , o r B a.ylen will probab ly be , "Wh at a sill y a nd obYious mi stake it was that lost this fi ght,'' and the majori ty \\'ill a dd compla en tly, " I coul d neYe r have made tha t mistake ." But there a re others who 11" il1 think, " How freq ue nt ly and ho w te rrib ly easily these mi stakes a re made . What woul d I ha,·e clone in the same circumstances ?" I t is to these las t th at the study o f military hi story is of value ; the complacen t ones will nernr ge t beyond reading . For it is in wa r that a ll the p ro \·erbs come true, and all lhe pla titudes ha ,·e a me aning . R ea.cl the accounts of three o r fo ur battles , a nd you will immecli::itely come to the concl usion that hi story repeats itself, that there's nothin g ne w unde r the sun, that the man who never made a mi stake ne,·er mad e anything, and tha t Pride co me~ before a fa.II. There fore if a person wants to learn a nything from military history kt him humbly reali se that there is not a mis take in the \\·hole anna ls of wa r that he coul d not ha Ye As an aid to thi · study we ha\·e p uhl isbecl in the VOLUNTEER two series of battles . The ii.rst con isted of twel \'e battles fou ght in Ire1ancl:; the second, not yet complete d, o f b a ttles fought 'in various parts of the world by untrained or parti al] y trained troop s ag ainst regular armies. We hope to follow this series b y a series of street fights . The study of thi s aspec t of wa rfare is, o f course, of infini tely greater importance to Iri sh Volunteers than the study o f the world's more importa nt ba ttles fought by professio nal soldiers on both sides, since the conditions are those under which we ourselves shall fight, and the lessons to be learnt are more obvious and of greater value . J .et us con icler what lessons can be learnt from the l>a:ttles a lread y publishe d . Fir5t, take the series of Irish battles . First in time comes Hugh O'Neill's victo ry a t the Yellow F ord , a splend1d example of the A Jess .talenter'l commander active defence . woul d haYe been content to wait in the de fi le unt il the enemy h acJI attacked him , and he migh t have been off his assailants . But he would never have freed Ireland that way. T o do th:i t it is necessary to attack as well as defend , an d to des troy your enemy. So O'N eill's skirmi she rs h"arr assed the advancing English , a nrl O'~ eill took up his position on his own side o f

the de fil e itistead of in it , thus m a.king it a trap in which to slaughte r the defeated army. A simple device , you say. But would you have thought of it? Later on the same great commander was forced against hi s judgmen t to fight an unnecessary battle at Kinsale , and to try the exceeding! y dangerous experiment of a n ight attack. T hereupon hi s hitherto Yictorious career ended iri d~saster .

Fifty years la ter Hugh's still greater nephew fo ught the ancient enemy at Benburb . From this battle -we learn , a s from nearly a ll the battles o f the French R evolu tion, the impor ta nce o f the soldier's legs . The U lstermen ou tmarched the foi·ces that were concentrating to crush them, a nd · o · ~ei ll's genius . carried the day in the actual b a ttle . The appalling slaughte r of the Brit ish Army .i llustrates the gross blunder of fi~1 tin g with a river in your rear. Will our young officers remember when the y ta ke the field to have t wo or three lines of retreat ? The frui ts of Benb urb were blighted at R athmines . H ere an utterly incon;petent commander fa iled to realise the necessity of concentratin g on one object, and by neglectil1g-hi s communica t ions allowed himself to be defeate d by a n in fe rior force. 'J;'his disaster should teach our embryo strategists to ask themselves o n all occasions, "What is the ·real key to thi .situation ?" and, h aving foun d it, to leave all o the r keys a lone . H~re ap p lies the old p roYerb, " A bird in the hand is worth . rwo in the bush. '' H a d Ormond apprecia ted the fact that a ga-rrison in Dublin i wmth any number of a rmies in Mun . te r, who knows where we shoul<1 be to-day?

We hate to thi.nk of the _B attle of the Boy.ne . A bad general put a ba d anny in a bad way in a bad position . Bes ides , the battle shoul d neYer have been fou gh t at all . L e t us leave it at that. · Aughrim ·bowed wh at U1e s::ime army coul d do when a few years' fight;ng· had knocked it into shape . But if the army fought well, it was badly handled , and the e nemy was handle d correspondingly well. ·R es ult- another di sas ter. And now we come to the Ninety-eight baltles , from whi ch \Ye can learn more than from an y others . First , there was Oul a rt, where our reverend and a mate ur general chose a splend id position, and kept hi raw troops splen~lidly in hand. Then there was Enni scor thy , whe re the same general would ha ve achtevecl nothing b>ut for his superiori ty of ,numbers . And ye t here · we reali se the importance of hedges in Irish b attl es . If you \rant to know how to prep are a n :i rnibush , rea d carefu 11 y the account of Tubberneerin g, and if you \\iant to know how not to lead an ;urn y pay special a ttention to the conduct of t·he Engli sh general in that battle. From Vinegar Hill you will lea rn the uselessness of lhe passive de fence . F inally, from New Ross you will learn th at pikemen · who know their business have nothing to fe a r fmm cava lr y, and you wtll receive a n a wful lesson on the eYil of bad disci pline. Now we co~1e to the \·i ctories of Trregul a r Troops .

6 :-\e\r Orlt\1 J1s sh<ms hm1· IJo! ll11css u11 the p:-irl ot the irregulars gave - them the Yictorv 01·er double their number of regul ars . It is also exceptional in illustrating a successful night attack by untrained men. Those Volunteers who cry out for Magazine rifles should read of the defence of the Gate Pah, where the Maori warriors, armed with muskets and spears, beat off a superior force of English regulars, assisted by artillery. As has often been saicli before, it is the man behind the gun that counts . Baylen ·bows the fate vf the in dec i~iYe general. Do anything in a. battle r:Hher than hesitate . The Spaniards in this case did not hesitate. They certainly rnudctled, but they came out on top. Calatafimi and Majuba Hill both show the importance of acC'urate shooting and the use of cover. Maju'ba, moreoveT, is a lesson in blundering. Saratoga shows how a retreat should be conducte d, anrl how the offensivealefensive works. At Bull Run both s ides were only partially trained, but both sides had regular officers. This battle shows the element of chance in warfare, and how the best 71:.tid plan s can be frustrated by the initiative of an indivichial officer. Coulmiers showed that irregulars acting as regulars cou]c] only w,in by "·eight of numbers, and that irregular canlry is much harder to train than infantry. Isandlwana shows what discipline can do. These are the battles already described. More will follow. To the young officer who studies them we gi1·e the following adv.iceFollow eYery movement carefully on the map, marking each one in pencil. In most cases the Pirelimina!ry Manreuvres are more important than the battle itself. In fact, mo ·t J attles are lost and won in the manreuvres that precede the actual fighting. Bavlen is one example of this; andl W aterloo another. The Boyne was lost when J ames IT. landed in Ireland. You should try to criticise each movement in your own mind, and if possible think of an alternative . When you harn finished consult the author' comments a nd see how :far they agree with your own .

THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.

Saturday, June 5th,

sale, R11tbmines, Oularl, a11d ~ew Ros>; Baylen, Calatafimi, New Orleans, and Sara toga.

[ Field Training. CHAPTER

FIRST

IN THE

DEFENCE. r1--INTRODUCTOR\'. Choose some waste ground, or ground which you may be a llowed to damage . Equip your men with entrenching tools, and divide them into F iring Line and Supports . Before marching them out, give them a short lecture in the 1hill hall on what they are going lo ch fJ D UTIES OF FIRING LINE. Exte nd the Firing Line to 3 pares, and o rde r them · t0 dig hasty fire-trenches, 5 feet long, 3 :feet wide, mid 3 :feet deep, with a parapet 1} :feel high. One man should lie ab le to finish this in 1i hours in easy so il. ]n this first lesson the trenches shoulct be all in one straight line. The Section Commanders · rnus-t assist the officer in superinte nding the 11·ork. C- D UTIES OF SUPPORTS. Meanwhil the Supports will be rbm ugbt in :front of rhe Firing Line and ordered to clear the foreground. All obstacles in the line of fire are to be removed; hedges and brushwood a. re to be cut down, and ravines and ho.Jlows Lo be filled up with the de bris. Singl e trees may be left standing, as they a re useful to the defence a. range indicators. Others of the Supports will be engaged in cutting sods for Joor holes anrl in fill ing saP'..i bags . ~ow withdraw Lhe Supports behind the Firing Line, and show the m bow walls, hedges, ditches, e tc. run ning forward to the fire-trenches can be used a shelter or communicating trenche . They should be improved, if possible, by artificial means. If stones are plentiful, get the men to bui ld 'rnlls 10 feet fong, 3 fee t wide, and! 2 feet high, parallel to tbe fire trenches, at interrnl s of 40 yards between the latter and themselYes, thus: SJ"

-j ()

Iii

( l>

,.r

II'

E- ~OTES.

Officers will see that, in the preparation of the position, e1·erybody gets a chance to rlo each separate kind of duty. Versatil ity is desirable in the Volun teers . The exercise contained in Section D should he practised as often as possibl e. May we again remind Section Commanders of their 01r n import::ince ?

SUMMER TRAINING CAi\II)S. The Secretaries of Volunteer Corps should without delay make up lists o f their men who wish to attend any of the Training Camps at present being arranged by lhe Heaclriua r ters' Staff. The Camps will be heln o n the follo\\'ing cbtes :July roth to qth, a week's trai ning. July 31st to Aug. I4th, a fortn ight's training. August 21st to 28th, a week's training. Sept. 4th to 18th, a fortnight's training . Lists should be sent into H eaclriuarters :1S early as possible.

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Choose out the mistakes which seem to have decided the battle, and think out alternative courses. You will find mistakes on both sides, for it is the ~de that makes :fewest mistakes that wins. Then _eut yourself in the defeated general's place and try and work out a new plan for him from the beginning. This ought lo be interesting as well as instructive. The writer has found it a real recreation to work out the manreuvres of quite comp! icated battles . With this new light shed on the subject, take up the back numbers of the VOLUNTEER, and read up past battles. You ought now to be :1ble to learn something from them. The most instructive battles we have published are Kin-

9 I 5.

hedge lo hedge, ::is t·lw r;ise may be, u11 tu tile Fire Trenches . In the Firing Line the Section Commanders ll'ill exercise fire control exactly as in the a ttack. As the enemy prepares to assault, rapid fire will be kept up till the last moment, when ba rnnets will be fixed and! the defenders will lea~·e the ir trenches and rush at the attaC'kers.

vrr.

l~XERCISES

IO WILLIAM STREET, LIMERICK. National_Pamphlet Seriesl f the re is time these wal Is should ~e loopholed, anct shallow trenches rh1g behind them. D - A SKIRMISH. Tell off a squad to march away and form a skeleton firing line to attack the position. Their \\'hole d'uty will be to advance. :;\ow, d'ivide the rema inder into Firing Line a 1id Support, the former being double the strength of the latter. The Firing Line will occupy the Fire Trenches, the , 'upports being in the rear Shelter-Trench. As tl).e attack develops reinforcements from the Supports will go foxward to re1)lace upposed casualties in the Firing Line. They will double forward from wall to wall, or from

1. THE SPANISH WAR BY THEOBALD WOLFE ~TONE .

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The Fiannn. spent the Whitsuntide in rnriou s clay, and were tbe fast lu gra_sp tbusc principles Radiant · sunshine · beckone.cl many whi ch brought the Yoiunteer movement into ways. towards the hills or to tbe sea. Some sluaighte existence. went into camp and lived for three glorious Mr. Hobson, in addressing the meeting, days the full life of the re::d scout. Some \Vent appealed for a reciprocity bet1reen volunteers to Limerick and spent eight hours of a most and Fi::urna, and pointed out how the future delicious day in the atmosphere of a rail way of the volunteer movement would depend upon carriage. These were good propagandists who the training and spi rit of the boys of to-day. sacrificed the pleasure of a camp to the H e urgecli Volunteer officers to set :lbout at once interests of the organization . The-y made n. the formation of boy scout corps in connection ga_llant show in the Volunteer parade , and Yery with their companies, and pointed out h@w the favourably 'impressed the local Volunteers. scouts could be of great nlue to the Irish Those who were fortunate enough to stay over · Volunteers . He hoped that the Central Council till the Monday were the recipients of a real of the Fianna would be able to start a summer Irish hospitality from the people of Limeri.ck . training camp for Fianna officers in J uly or The organized rowdyism of Sunday night was August, and that an officer from eYery sluagh forgotten in the kindness and good-will .of the in Ireland would be a'ble to attend. people on Monday. Monday was more in The following resolutions were carried: accordance with ~he traditions of the City of LrMERICK.-That with the view of fur therthe violated treaty. ing the progress of the Fianna Eireann 111 -X· Munster a provincial council be formed. When we were passing down Barrington That a conYention be summoned as soon as Street we got the command, "Eyes right." possible to meet in Cork, consisting of one The salute was acknowledged .by a venerable delegate from each Munster sluagh, to elect old man sitting near a window. He looked a this council and to consider ways and means huge man and had a long beard. There was a for organizing, the province. quiet smile on bis face . It was John Daly, the CoRK .- That Na Fianna Eireann is worthy Fen,i an . of the s·upport of all Irish national organiza* * tions, and we appeal to them and especially to · A colonel of the lrish Volunteers, who is the Irish Volunteers to .assist in the formation also president of the Limerick Fianna, of Sluaighte of the Fianna cl'uring the present presided at the Munster Conference in the city year. of Limerick on Whit Monday . There is an FERMOY.- ,11ji1at in the interests of the boy s active co-operation between the Volunteers and of Ireland this Conference req uests the ArdFianna in Limerick. They find it to their Choisde to consider the possibility of intron1tltual advantage. Other ·centres 111 Munster ducing the Fianna to the schools and colleges are also falling into line. of Ireland. CLONMEL.-That we consider an Inspector * * THE MUNSTER CONFERENCE. sl].ould be appointe_cl to visit and help in the Such A conference of the Munster Sluaighte was training of the Munster Slauighte. held in Limerick on Whit Monday. Col. position to carry with it a seat on the ArdJames L edden, president of the City of. Choisde. (The appointment was left over till the Limerick Sluagh took the chair. Delegates were in attendance from the following centres : Munster convention.) That eYery support be gil'en to the monthly Cork, Fermoy, Q ueenstown, Tipperary, Clon1 mel, Limerick, Foynes, and Ballylanders. journal, " Fianna.' It was decided to utilize the Honorary Amongst the Dublin officers p resent were Mr. Bulmer Hobson , Captains C. Colbert, E. Members' scheme instituted by the Ard-Choisde Martin, Sean Mac Aodh<1.;, and Padraic as a means of raising funds to organize the O'Riain, hon. general secretary . A large num- province. Capt. J . A. Dalton was unanimous] y apber of ladies and Irish Volunteers attended as pointed Hon. Secretary for the Munster visitors . Apologies for non-attendance were recei \·ed Council, and was instructed to arrange wi~h the Sluaigbte as to the most convenient date of from Tralee, Waterford and Thurles . All communications The Chairman welcomed the delegates and holding convention. visitors, and said it was the Fianna Eireann should ,be sent to h is address : 18 Catherine who first started the military movement in our Street, Limerick.

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