TH£ I 1 ~
I 1
I
j. I
l
EDITED. BY EOIN MAC NEILL. ~
Vol. 2.
I
No. 31
(New-- s.e·rie•)· .
N<)TES.
I
The war and its rumours :ire discussed by everybody . There is anxious talk about the Coalition Government and the plight of Home Rule. · Party claims and party services and party interests and party apologetics keep politicians occup ied. There are State prosecutions , imprisonments 7 fines, dismissals, deport~tions, showing how strenuously the Realm is defended in Ireland-and these things are warmly discussed. All the time, newspapers and politicians and the man in the street are playing mum about 0ne thing of gi~antic .importance to Ireland,. the economic, mdustnal, and financial prospect immediately in front of us.
I
I
SATURDAY, J:ULY 10, 1915. Burglar. I warned my fello\v-countrymen months ago, in the early weeks of the war, as soon as I read of the formation of the Committee of Imperial Defence apd of the act:lon of certain Imperial statesmen-the Rulers, as Churchill calls them- within that Committee, who formed tltemselves into an inner· Committee and allowed the· fact to ibe made public : I warned them that a Coalition was establishing itself in total disregard of Ireland's claims and rights. I repeated that warning from time to time. It has been fully verified. I was not an alarmist then. I am not .ill1 alarmist now. I say again, Ireland at this moment is threatened with a completion of her economic ruin , a ruin that ,will involve all parties and dasses alike, if it be not warded off.
Price One Penny. the dolls that say "Mamma " and " Papa" when they are suitably squee~e d . They were manufactured to do it, and they ·do it until they are worn out. They are Products, and serve the purposes of the Producer.
*
*
*
The Ulster Presbyterians a.re, mentally and physically, a. fl,Jie people. Before the L.:nion they we re.fr~ men. Since the Union, by dint of a careful and constant moulding process, they have become for the most part Products. There are, of course, very numerous excep- . tions. One of .the chief instruments in mal1i- / pulating ai1d moulding them in the Imperial, interest is the Belfast "Northern W·hi g. " I say in the Imperial interest, because only .for the glorious' lmpeiial Peace, the Pax Britannica, imposed on Ulster, the Ulster Presby* * * The most powerful class in this country are terians would be twice as numerous and twice the farmers. Next to them come the capitalists as prosperous as they . are. The "~orth e rn and the business men. I fear that most of Whig " is itself a manipulated and mou.lcled * * * Product, though the editor no dotiibt sincerely Time and again, since the war began, I have these are blinded to the coming danger by the imagines otherwise. . It cla ims to be the produced by artificial .and temporary conditions tried to draw attention to Ireland's dangerous "organ " of a certain section of Irish opinion: economic position. I have IO<(ke.d arqund in the war. Farmers ar~ get.ting good prices for A horse that never saw its d:river .might possib.ly They wiU,,_ pay dearly for this their prodtJCe. vain for any sign that the danger is generally . imagine that the reins, 'bit, br idle, and blinkers realised. I do not complain of being ignored . advantage before Jong. Monied men and :busi- were part of its.;;;, own organism. The The Pope will not be listened to in these times ness men are able to proteCt .themselves for a "Northern Whig ·1'. was not always the Prodt1ct It will not be long till the strain breaks time. if he speaks his mind; and I am not even an it now is. It is tlie--R1ost bitter champion of infallible politician--! am a No'body, a Sore- 'through all their means of protection. If theyc sectarian hatred in• Irelan d. The reason why do not look ahead they will run upon disaster .hea d, a ~r:ank, a F actionist. National econoit is the most bitte·r js becfatse the Ulster Dismics a.re not my_ particular business. Why unawares. Now is the time to examine the senters , as their history sho1~s, required special and take the measures that alone can dan"'er should I concern myself_ with them? My only manipulating and moulding in that directionanswer is that I am an Irishman, that the def;at ·.it. Wfien the danger is examined, the in the Imperial interest. They needed spec ial 1rny to defeat it will becom~ plain. general silence and heedlessness makes it all machi11ery. the more necessary for me to speak out, and * * * '* * * An English tourist was one day sta.lking up with the help of God I will ~o_ on sp.e~kin.g A special sort of~ memory ha.cl to be worked out until the rrravity of the national pos1t1on IS and down the platform o'f a French railway into them, a memor/ in water,tight COmp<Lrt-. driven into the most unwilling intelligence . station. His manner and his rig-out were ap- rnents. They had to forget their Gaelic origin, The ·1>osition in a word is this, that Ireland. is parenily intended to be a complete and defiant . and to remember the Solemn League and Covenow threatened with an increase of Impenal challenge to the urbanity and good tast:e of nant; to forget Wallace and Bruce , and to burdens thaf promises to be more ruinous to the natives. In those- days the French and remember St. Bartholomew's D ay; to forget everv class in the country than any part of the Italians were not "our brave and honoura~le Strafford, and to remember William III..; tu opp~ession and injustice the country has a llies " ; they were " the decadent Latin for&et the persecutions that drove their kindred ~uffered since the linioI1. The menace over- peoples " of British journalism i11 general, to America, an.cl to remember DoUy's Brae ; to hangs us all, Nationalists, Union ists, land- " the murder races " of the Anglo-Saxon forget how under W ash.ington their brothers lords, tenants, freeh0lders, purchase holders, "Review of Reviews." T)vo Frenchmen stood fought for liberty; to forget Orr, M'Cracken , business men, employers, employes, profes- talking on the platform. A friend of mirie Munro, Russell, Hope, and to identify themsional men, rich men, and the poorest. of t~e stood near them. As the portent strutted past, selves with the party of Castlereagh; to forget poor. If we submit to it, our population. \~Ill the Frenchmen pa used in their chat to take :a. the Irish Volunteers, a11d to remember Scul!abe again reduced by half, and ~he remammg view of him. Then one of them turned to the bogue; to forget their welcome to .the Catholic other and. s::ticl quietly, " Que! prod.uit !" half will be little better than chamed slaves . Emancipation delegates, and their celebration in arms of the opening of . the first Catholic * * * * * "What ~ product !'' The express ion con- Church in Belfast, and to remember Dr. Cooke I hope nobody will imagine that I am using strained and exaggerated language. I am not stantly comes to•mind when I look around here and Dr. Hanna; to forget how they were freed an alarmist. I ' have warned my fellow- in Ireland. . There are so many persous, so from landlord oppression, and to remember countrymen, especially those of .my native. pi;o- many agencies, that take themselves· seriously, the British Constitution. All that, and a great vince . Gf the existence of an Impenahst and imagine their words and acts to be free, deal more of the same kind , requi red ca reful Pogr~m Plot. fo giving that warning, I had spontaneous, and autonomous, 'when all 'the manipul ation, and there could be · no better to incur 'the risk, especiaUy repugn~nt to me, time they are simply Products - -the manufac- .machinery than the ")iortbern Whig " .to turn of inoreasinrr the tension of feeling 111 parts of tured :uticles of the Imperial Exploitation Co. out the finished Product, British Imperial Irel and. Against that risk. I set the counter- Ltd. I hear things said every day; :tnd rea d manufactme. But t he "Whig " itself required things in J ri sh newspape rs, th at remi.nd me of a turn or two in the machine. w~rning-Do not mistake the Tools for the
j. '"1
0
0 ·
_ _)
l'HE IRISH VOLUN1'EEA. The "~orthern Whig., is to - d~y arnweclh opposed to Home Ru le on ~ec tanan ground;. It is a l\o-Popery organ. How did that come about? Two generations a <ro, an editor of the "::\o~thern Whig " a nd a Catholic. priest we re pu~ _111 the do~k ~ ide by side, indicted '~Y :the Bnt1s~ Const1tut1on, and duly punished, for · exposmg_ the me tho ds by which the Imperial Power, m Pl unket'::; words, was then eno-aaed ' in "ha.llooing Catholi c against Protes ta;1~ ~nd Protestant -a gainst Ca,tholic," in County Anlrini. The ed itor, . if T reme mbe r correctly. wbal I have beard, 1'1:1s Mr. Finlay ; the priest was my- grandfather's lbrul11er, Father' Bernard · They wen~ J'\il'Aul ey, l'. l' . of .Ba llymena. e a~·h, .l think, fined £soo, but if the present e d~tor looks up his file be will find the whole h_istory. The Process fias been going on eve r s111ce, and now we ha Ye the Product.
*
*
*
*
*
*
The ·" .\' orthern Whig " is now as king: Where would England be if Ireland had Home Rule and England was engaged in a Iife and death struggle like the prese nt war? The question is enough to show whose agent a nd instrument is the "Korthern Whig. " The a nswer sought for is, that, in the inte rest of Engla nd, Ireland, including the U lster Di ssenters, is tu h e depri1·ed of autonomy, 'boun d hand a ud foot, and kep t down in the dirt, the banba ruus anJ degrad ing dirt of sectarian ha tred , fo r the production of which the once pur~i:;he d "_\'orthern Whig., is now Imperialism s most perfect machine. Quel produit ! On :the night of Friday, June 11th, the Burglar \;roke into the house of the Treasurer of the Trish Volunteers. Having waited till Tuesday , June z 2, for the cere monial call to iuquire, on that day the Treasurer, to enjoy a bard-ea rned holida y, we nt with his family to Ve ntry, Co. Kerry, where he owns a cottage . \' ext day, We dnesday, he received a deporta~i o n order from the British military a uthority m tba,t region, commanding him to re tire from the counties of K erry , ·cork, and Limerick. This news bas Yery much relieved the preva le nt depression.
*
*
*
The Jin go journa .l s of London are reJo icmg 01·er the Coalition's new R egistration me asu re, 11·hich they proclaim to be the thin edge of Conscription. The Irish public has been wa rned . that o ur valiant Rulers, if they coul d not make us slaves by open means, would attempt it . 'by underhand and roundabout stratagems and by small be gjnnings. The Irish Parliamentary Party has oound itself by resolution, in its lates t pll!bli c declaration, to resist conscription in any form. In this they ha1·e ·d one rightly, fo r the whole public op in ion of Ireland i:; opposed to conscriptiori'. The introduction of comp ulsory military sen ·icc wo uld be a ·wee ping constitutional or u11constitutional change . In two main respe<;:ts, therefore, any measure of co11'sqiption wou: d be a violation of t he princ iple of Irish selfgovernme nt. Ireland's answe r to con ·cription in any fo rm is : ".We won't have it. " ·
.•."
posals, th in e nd o r thick end , <ire plain ly no b etter than a tyrarn~i ca l scheme to enab le yo ur wealthy landlord · and cagita lists and your dividenders to liv~ on in riches, c0mfort, and luxury by sacrificing .the lives a nd labours of , the poor. " .
-- -~~-----
I
ju\y
rnth, 19t 5.
An Example trom the
1·
D~rdat)elles. ,,_ H. -i- ·;.
0
~~
. Tbv., -foll01ring '· acc0t1~f. ,o.( a sma ll ni crbt ·dttack which prove,d enti're-Jv successful is fr~m , .. In Irela nd, the q ue,;tion has a_· ~ at i o\1~] ~ a:. recent ,. F rencI1'" despat~h, a nd. rrtakes ,·en · _ readin & for _Volunteers-: _:_·-· '. ··. ' -. aspect besides·, and to yield the .ri.gb.ts we '> b0w ,in structive ·H b • ,.. ; possess · wou Icl be a N ationa I su d'ebder. We :. A detachment of tb1'r ty~f~iar Europe ans and .· · will gi\·e nothing but th~ F ree Gifts :-Of a . F.tce tb 1rty-tll'o Se.negalese, a ll' 1·o lunteers, un ~le r ;\ ". People, unless we giYe it to 01~iipowei·ii1:i' suual l!':rn , receive d orct&:s ,to lea 1·e the first. Ii nc '... force . The . l/ish P a rli amenta ry P;irty :·i~ tre nch in !11dian {L_fr, a_;f~ _'cr.eep 011 tlf:eir ltauiis '.' uound to keep its pledge, it::; la tes t p{rlJ.ti ~ · and !w ees ~o the immediate. ne igl~ix>tfrhood ' of ' · pi_eclg~ to the people of Ireland. The ptioriJ~ the . small fort There . tbe v \1i?!re' to ·:i -sembl e ·t. of I rel and are no less bound, for the honour a ii d· de live r a si1rpris ~ , att ac!~. wid1out ' firi1ig a·· and safety of their na tion , to refu se to rende r shot. Two o ther parties we re ordered to leaYe the seffile duty of a country that i ~ not free. o ~r trenches in the sa,me ma nner · on the right The rep! y to every' a ttemp t a t comp ulsion is a nd left , bu t they were to stop ha If-way . a nd :Mr. Asquith's Magna Charta: "The F ree Gift ho ld themselves in read iness to shield the- \:olu nof a Free P eople. " ~ee r s in the event of a rep ulse, or support them 111 the event of success . The weather was verv '* .. * * fine. The moon was at full, but, happi ly, s~ The Irish Volunteers should be strictly on their guard against any attempt to fo rce their low on t!te horizon I!tat its beams s !ton e in tlt e eyes of th e Turks. Thi s favoured the moveact~on or direct their activ·i ty by means of barments of the volunteer section, who began their ass mg a nd provocati1·e tact ics , whe ther such stealthy a lh-ance at q ine </dock. The two tactics a re d irected against those in chi ef redetachme nts left an hour later. A q uarter of sponsibiJ.ity or aga imt loca l bod.ies or their :: 11r.hour ·before midnight· the band of rnlunteers officers. \Ve can see bo w an exte rnal situation had _ w) t within forty ya rd s of the fort. is being used as a coYer and pretext fo r politiSpr1ngmg 01·e r the parapet, they completel1'· cal hos tility within Ire land. The situation i11 sur prised t!t. e T ur!u, who, afte r firin g the]r Irela nd is, in all essentials, precise ly what it nftes, fled . Tltanks to tlte suddenness of our was b ~fo re the extern al ·ituation arose , and assault, we !tad . only thr ee wounded- a sergea nt and two men. " One point to no tice is the extreme care and patie nce the attacke rs disp layed. The ach·a nce occ~pi ed almost thr:e hours, and yet it i .. very SATURDAY, July 10th, to unlikely that the distance to be traYersed was a:bo1·e half a mile a t the o utside . The method · SUNDAY, July 18th. of advancing was of course Ye ry slow- uut nu For particulars !ee Bulletin and Nctes. other way \:as possible . Freq uently the lri sb Vo lunteers 111 field exercises are far too much what it would ' ha1·e been if the exte rnal situa- bent on rushing things. They try to carry out tion had not a.risen. The rights and Iibenies an attack far more qu ickly than is possi\;Je in whi ch the Irish Volunteers enro ll ed themse h·es real wa rfa re; where men who don't take the to secure a nd . maintai n have not been affected trouble to make reasonabl e u:·e of co1·er are in an y important deg ree b.y t he .exte rnal .situa- simply shot clo wn a nd no mo re about it. Ano ther rem ~r ka b l e point is the com)Jle te tion that has s·ince a ri .en. The objec ts of the Iri sh Vo lunteers rema in unchanged, and the a nd uverwhelmrng nature of the succe ·s •\; y duty of the I rish Vo lunteers is to proceed reason of surprise . The defenders ·impl y steadily with the o rga ni sation and provisio n lil azed off a random rnlley and bolted. Thi s necessary to enabl e the m to attain t ho e ob- ts what troops surp r.ised at night invariably do. We kno w from other narratives the ve ry bra.\·e jects. and stea~l y _ ch a rac~e r of the Turkish troops, * * * and the mc1dent simp ly pr01·es tha t the best It can only be through the· bl indness of faction if Iri sh ~ ationali sts, no matter un der troops a re he lp less if taken at such a di swhat leaders they may group the mselves , fa il to advantage. Note also how the e lement of surd early recognise that eYery act of hostility to pri se ver y much reduced the casual ties of the the Iri sh Yolunteers is an act of hostilit y to attacking force. The numbe rs· e rnpioyed correspond fairly the Irish Nation. These hostilities 'b egan o n the 1·ery day that the Iri sh Volunteers Gego n, well to the strength of a large number of the and that w a.~ nine .-months 'b efore the E uropean Volun tee r corps; and several Voltmtcer officers vVar began. They began under a coalition are q uite able to handle such a force in all tha_t existed a ll the time, though it ha> not b een ordinary circumstances . ' In carrying o ut w ch publicly avowed till a few weeks ago . It is an a.ttack b)'. one corps, the position of the supnot likely no w that they will succeed , and the ir por t111g bodies need onlv be indicated and the only chance of success will be if the coa Iit ion entire force worked in tl1e actual attock.
.
ITyrone
I
*
*
*
Training
Headq~arters
Camp~I
I
is succes ·ful . in putting its fingers into the two !'! yes of the I rish Nation. The ·main hope of * * doin g so depends on the working up of fa ctious Ld \1::; p{1 t thi s R egistration . bµ sincss to the differences a mong Iri shme n, but every day that lest. My life is a ll my goods. The working-· pas~es brings fresh proof th a t Irishmen ha ,·e man's life is :ill his goods. hi this well robbe d too cl ear a view of what is going on and too land of ours, for nine ty-nine men out of a clea r a p urpose to a llow themselves to be ni a.ni- . hundred our fo·es a re al I· we have to· live by. pulated in this way through any instruments. If we are asked to p ut our names on a Govern* · me nt register, so tha t the . Government m ay * * commandeer our lives , our work, and our liYeI'. ask Voltint~e rs , and especia ll y Vol unteer lihood, we answer, "When Lord Lansdowne, officers, to strain e very point to get the benefit L~rd Londonderr y, the Duke of Abercom; a nd othe r great Impe rial patriots, abandon all of the camp training 11·hich i:; now beginning, their l)ossess ion·s_and throw them into the com- and about which pa1tlculars are g iven in H.Q. mo n stock--:"·lYe.n the law compels them to do so- then it wi ll J,e time e noug~ to come down bull etin s, in ad \'ert isem::nt:;, a nd _on appl_ication 0 11· the poor· h1:ni and compel him to surre1H k r to H e ; 1d r'jl1~ rte rs . Jif<' and :ill. 'fill the n, your C<Hnpul so1:y prn-
. *
"''
S: ttl.irday.
The Va1U:e of Uniforms. It is a pririci)Jle of Volunteeri1i.g tha t the gun a nd a mmunition must p recede the uni~orm_. An~ , after a ll, a uniform is hardly a d1sgw se . 1 here are occasions when its use might be undes irable . A Vo lun teer who must study economy should get bis suit, shirt, and soft coll ar dyed green , and ask his tailor to do the rest. Ano ther alternatil'e is to b"'et one's . next sm t made of green cloth, a nd hal'e a pair of ri ding b reeches made as well. The prob lem of a hat is eas il y solved . A soft green hat can be tran ·formed instantly by turning up one side and p innin g it with a brooch, which H e ad~ <JU<1r te rs can su pp ly ~t t·he :11hsurdh· l01r n ·:s t () f I / I pns I. f re' ('. . .
Saturday,
I
Jully
Why Artiillery would be '·I Ineffective in Irelan.:_J
Occasiona lly one still meets Volunteers who despai r of ever be in o- able to take effecti,·e milita.ry action becaus~ they haYe no artill erv. · An? the important results achieved by artille ~y act1.on rn the present war seems to ,,·ive some <"Olour to their \·i ews. As a matte; of fact tho ugh, the character of the ground in Ireland JS for the mO·St part totally different from that ~n any part of cont inental Europe. Indeed, it is not too much to say that in Ireland it wou.l d in the first place b e practically impossible to em.ploy artil.l ery at a ll; and .in the second eYe n if it _we re tised, it would be prac;ica ll y meffectwe. I. The men who want artillery fo r the Vol unteers never stop to th ink what it woul d me:tn. A battery of artillery on the march takes up about 200 ya rds of road; and the Irish roads are usuall y so narrow that g uns on them would choke them and prevent the movem·ents of other troops . Bes ides , on the Irish roads guns wou]<l be· li ab le to be arnbushed, in whi ch case they would be quite helpless . Many of the side ro;tds have so poor a surface that the guns would get bogged, and the fields are often so soft that it would be very difficult to manreuvre in them . Thus even on the march the diffic ulties artillery would labour unde r would be very serious indeed. . · In action the case would if possible be worse . ~o one will ventur.e to assert that an ordinary two- 11·heeled farmer's cart can be driven across co untry in Ireland . And a moment's thou n-ht will conv ince anvone tha t to drive the brr uns ~nd • waggons of a battery across country is a much more difficult task. It migh t easily happen that at the moment when it was mos t importan t to bring the guns into action it woul d be a uite imposs ible to get them off the road at" all. Besides, very often it would not be ve ry easy to deploy the guns . A battery in action ta kes uµ a front of a lmos t 100 yards, and in many parts of Ireland the average size of the fields woul d not be as much as that. Conseriuentl v it would often be unavoidab le to split up eve;1 one battery, with the consequent lack of control. In the case of even so small a body of artillery as, say, three batteries the diffi culties would be so enormous that it is difficult to see how they coul d be overcome at all.
- which would be very unlikely- the :irtillery could not accompli sh very much in action. Artillery must have a target, and in freland it would not he at a ll easy to find the targetwhich, of course, is the enemy's infantry . These are lying close in the cover of a hedge: and how is the battery commander two miles away to kno w whi ch parti cul ar hedge of the hundreds around is the one that hides the in fa ntry ? The on ly way to locate the concea led troops is to search eYery spot, and the huge expend iture of shell s . this would need would p ut it out of the question. Not onl y would the artillery commander himse lf l.Je quite una.ble to locate the hos til e infantry, bi1t eYe n hi s ae ropl anes woul d not be :1.hl e to ass ist him Yc ry much. The hedges give such exce ll ent r.o ncealme nt that an obsen·er .in ; ~11 aeroplane can ha rd ly at all observe men lyin g unde r them. A hedge gives to a skirmi sh line the same concealment from abO\·e that a wood gives to a large formed body of troops. Finally , a hedge gives considerable protection against a large proportion of the she] Is striking in its neighbourhood. The ordinary infantryman's pack gives a very considera!ble degree of protection against shrapnel b ullets to infantry lyin g clown: and it is not hard to understand tba t a hedge is much more effec tive cover than that.
-3
1t ~ h o u!J IJL: /'airly clc;H llic 11 lliat 1·cr\ · lill lc t·cu Id be expected from artil lery in l ;eland.
li' di.re m c11ts s!t.0 11td be gradual , a fe w me n ~ li pp ing
The man-killing po1Yer it woul d h ave would not Le at a ll sufficient to compensate for the excessiYe d ifficulties experienced in handling it. More th an that, it is so bulk y on the march and so p owerless in the same case, that it might easil y prove more of a hindrance than a help to the force p laci ng much reli ance on -it. .
I
Delaying
A~tion~
The close, intersected nature of the countrv in Ire land offers great scope for the practisin ;, of de laying actions by smal I bod ies of troops~ The movements of large 1bodies would b e a Imost entire]y confined to the roads, and at first only the heads of these columns coul d rnme into action . The length of time required fo r d ~ploy i.n g the colurnns--even if fairl y sma 11-- \voul d al w'ays be sufficient for a we!(. hand!ed small part y to withdraw and take up another position in rear, there to repeat the performance . Continued harassing tactics of thi s nature woul d eventuall y demoral ise the troops subjected to them and leave them an easy prey .
RECRUITING CAMPAIGN:: '
.
~
~
Window Card- "Enrol under. the Green Flag." Leaflet--" Bow to help the Volunteer Movement." Instruction to Companies aad Coun!y Boards on Recruiting. Specimen Official Handbill. Supplies of the above can be procured fr om Headqunters. Companies and County Bo:uds s houl~ get busy without delay Those wi ~hin g to organise new Companies are requested to communicate without delay wi th THE DI REC ro.R OF R~:C RUITIN G, Headquarter~ , 2 D AWS O N STREET, DUBLIN.
awav at a time and the others keepin a up the firing_- A few of the in~st active should rema in firing b ri skly until fhe Yery last ,- and then slip away. The entire force will be assembled at · some distance away, and will take i1ost further on for a second stand . · These delay ing actions will 1be much easier and more effective if p ut into operation by two sma 11 parties mutually supporting each other. The first section engages the enemy's columJ1 at A, the second sect.ion engages it at B, a few miles further on. Meantime the first section has plenty of time to reach C, yet another few miles on, and take its measures there, and so on. Two well-handled sections can delav a large force in this way to ar.i incredible 1legree . · A furthe r development of this kind of action can be managed by well-trained cyclists. In their case practicaJly every turn of the road can be. turned to good account and contested. But cyclists are not at all confined to roads in operations of th is kinrl. It does not inconvenience them to move across country for short distances. There is practicall y no place where hi<'ycles ca nnot be wlte.e.led . They can also be I ifted ov~ r a gate, barik or fence without any tro uble . So the cyclist is not in such da nger of being cut off as might be thought at first sight.
The Tyrone Training Camp. - -·:
T.
This Camp, which will be a moving one,
wi 11 start from _D ungannon on Saturday, Jul y 1 oth, as soon after 6-30 p .m . as tlte Volunteers attending it are all assembled. 2. The Camp will make a circul ar march in the soi:ithern part of County Tyrone, and w ill
fini.slt .(Zt Dungannon on tlte afternoon of Sunday, f zily z8tk 3. The force ·in Camp will take part in com-
bined field exercises with all the Volunteer Corps in the part of the county included in the march . 4 .. A number of·spare teats will be carried ; so that members of local V9 lnnteer Corps who arc unabl e to attend the Ca.11J;ll.. will be ahle to -have some nights under canYas.,,.., and learn a i'ert_a in amount of the duties of troops in ca mp .
.
OFFICERS' UNIFOgMS
AND IRISH KILTS.
II. But even if all the difficulties were overcome
..
THE .1RISH_VOLUNTE£R.
ioth, 1915.
A section of lightl y-eq ui pped infantry well acq uainted with the countr y they are operating in ca n effect great results agai nst an enemy not so suitably trained. The papers at the present ti me afford many examples of this in the case of the Itali an Alpine troops. We will assume that the section commander has occupied a good concealed position from which he can bring the road under heavy fire at close range, a.nd has posted a couple of men to look out fo r the enemy. The enemy may have scouts out, but unless these discover the little force it is better not to interfere with them at all. Tlie inain point is to sur prise tlt e princi pal body. The method of ac tion is to open fire suddenly and keep on firing as long as it is safe to do so.
Every care should be taken to keep the men thoroughly in hand , to insist on accurate a iming, and to make every shot tell. Sooner or later, of course , the enemy will recover from hi s surprise, will deploy very superior forces and compel the little party to reti re. Consequently it is of the utmost importance to have t!t e line of retreat decided on beforehand. This
w.ill almost a lways be possible; but if for any reason it becomes necessary to retire over unknown ground, one or two active intelligent men should be sent on in advance to find and point out to the others the best paths by which to fall back.
Irish Kilts,
Tara Brooches, Sporrans, Balmoral Caps, and all classes of
Equipment at
Fallon's. ...................... Tailors' Workroom-
53 Mary Street. Equipmellt Factory-
38Stafford Street. Head Office and Warehouse-
8 Mary · stre~t, DUBLIN.
THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.
4 GAELS! Re n:ember an Irish Ireland er when you want New or Secondhand Typewriters, Duplicators, Stencils, Stencil Irik, Ribbons, Carbons, Papers, &c. Any make of Typewriter Repaired. THE FOLEY TVF'EWRITER TRADING CO. Reis Chambers DUJl.Lllf. Telephone ll 7Y.
to the e1·cni11g of Sunday , 18th inst. The week's cour e ";ill embrace e\·ery essenti a 1 department of fi e ld training. The training force will march over· a la rge part of the hill country of Co. T yrone, . the route bein g by Pomeroy, Omagh, F intona, and Donaghmore back to Dungannon. The officer in cha rge will be Captain J. J. O'Connell of the H eadquar ters Orga ni sing Staff, to whom Vol un teers who are join ing the Camp will report in Dungannon at 6 p.m. on the 10th inst. H ea<l'] uarters, 2 Dawso n St ., Dublin, 2nd Jul y, 19 15.
TYRONE TRAINING CAMP. Everything Photographic, from a Sticky Back to the largest Oil Painting.
The Franco-Portrait Studios, GRAFTON ART STUDIO • .
111 Grafton Street, 46 Harrington Street,
85 Talbot Street, 11 Lr. Camden S 1treet and 39 Mary Street,
DUBLIN,
All literary communicaticms for the " Irish V1?lunteer" should btt addressed in future to VOLUNTEEIR:' HEADQUARTERS, 2 Dawson Street, DUBLIN.
All communications re Advertisements to be ao j ressed to the IRISH PRESS BUREAU, Jo Lowc~r Abbey Street, DUBLIN. SUBSCRIPTIOl!li.-The Irish Volunteer will be posted free to any address for one year at a cost of 6/6 ; fo r half a year, 3/3; for the quarter, 1/8. Cheq ues and Postals should be crossed and made payable to the Manager, Irish Voluntur.
The Irish Volunteer SATURDAY, JULY 1 Oth, 1915
I Headquarters' Bulletin. J Th e Ccntr;1l Executi ve of the Irish VolunLccrs met at H ea dquarters on Wednesday c1·cning, June 30th, P-rofessor Eoin Ma,c Keill , Pres ide nt , in the cluir. Reports on Orga11isat\on, Recruiting, Training, Summer Camps,. and Fi nance were received and discussed. The spl endid d emo nstrat ion at Cappagh, near Pomeroy, €0 . Derr y, on J u.ne 29th, and _the successful despatch of two cyclist columns f rom Dublin to T tt ll nw, Co. Carlow, on June 25th, were reported on. The attiLUde of Lhe Ir ish Volunteers towards Comp ul sory Registratioa fo r war p urposes was d iscussed , and it was unanimousJy agreed that Trish Volunteers must resol utely oppose. the a ppli cation of any such meas ure to Irefand, as ·h(O ing a form of Conscription, ~ again,:;t which i11 any form Iri sh Voluntee'rs stand p ledged . Bt:tft arra ngements for the Tyrone Training Camp , which starts at Dungannon on Saturday, Jul y :ioth, were . app roved of. , The period in • • • .I• . .... cam p will e;-;tencl from Saturday evening, . 10th,
GENERAL SCHEME.
The period in camp will extend from the evening of Sat urday, Jul y 10th, to the evening of Sunday, Jul y 18th. 2. Volunteers join ing the ca mp will report to Capta in J. J. O'Connell, C.O . , in Dungannon at 6 p. m. on the roth inst. The force will leave Dungannon at 6-30 p .m. and march to Galbally, where it will camp. 3. The general route of the force during its wee.k's training will be by Pomeroy , Ca rrickrnore, Gortin, Omagh, Fintona, Clogher, Hallyga11" ley, and Dona ghmore back to _Dungannon. 4. The course will cover all the essenti als of field train ing. 5. The loca l corps will be included in com< Lined field exercises with the force in camp. 6. T ents and commi ·sa riat will be provided for a ll Volunteers in tr; ining. :Particulars as to output required and all other necessa ry information will be furni shed to appli cants. Bicycles :ire to lie brought , if poss ible . 7. A certain number of spare tents will be carried to provide arcommocla tion for any local Volunteers who wish to spend a night' or two in camp . 8. It has been found that the cost per man will probably work out at not more than 15s. a week, so that it will p rdbably be possible to refund 5s. to each man out of the £r paid.
Saturday , Jul y 10th, 1915. ·-- · - - - - - - -- - - - - · Vo lunteer T own for the g reen hills of Tyrone. They will train a nd operate in the very county in whi ch the so ldiers of Hu gh 0'\"eill, the victors of Clontibret and the Yellow ~<' o re!, trained and operated. F ield training in all its branches- scouting, skirmi bing, the selection and improvement of cover, range-finding and fi ring- protection at rest and on the march, pitching camp, camp-routine, striking camp , transport, supply, and communi cations- all will come within the purl"ieiv of the week's work. The local corps will join the force in training fo r combined field exercises of a very useful kind . On the whole, it will be, from the training point of view, the ·best-spent week in the hi story of the Vo lunteers.
•
T.
NOTES FROM HEADQUARTERS. ~O COMPULSORY REGISTRATIO N.
The E xecutive at its last meeting defined the attitude of the Irish Volunteers towards Compul so ry R egistration for war p urposes. That :irtitude is one of resolute opposition. The Tri sh Volunteers are pleclgccl tooppose Conscri pl ion in any fo rm , and Compul sory Regi stra tion is a form of Conscri pt ion. An y attempt, therefore, to apply any such scheme to Ireland or to any pa rt of Ireland will ·be unflinchin gly opposed by the Iri sh Vol unteers. THE TYRONE CAMP .
The Tyrone Training Camp, the first of its kind, starts in Dungannon on Saturday evening next . The place is of happy omen. At 6-30 p. m. a fo rce of Volunteers will march from the
OTHER CAMPS.
Dublin, Cork, and Galway will probably be the next training centres. Appl iC'a t ions shou ld be sent in at once, as the number of appli cants will be a factor in deciding the exact locality of each ca mpin g scheme. ARMING.
Re turns whi ch ha1·e been reaching the Director of Organi sation go to show that a number of Companies ~ re still "i'ery imperfectly armed . In some cases no genuine effort to arm the men seems to have been made by the officers in charge. Such officers are li ghtly bearing a very grave responsibility . Tq.e day may come when they will have reason to regret a neglect which borders on the crimina l. Superior officers must real ly insist on compa ny offi cers arming their men. And company officers who are unwilling to do so must step clmrn and make room f<>r offic:: rs who arc. W E
HA VE
THE G U NS
!
It is a matter of wi.ll ingness, not of abi lity. Guns are avail able. Headquarters is pledged to produce a gun fo r every Volun teer \\,ho undertakes to pay for it. Lee Enfielcls and Martini Enf1 elcls are sca rce at the moment, b ut a gun of some sort- and a gun whi ch will shoot - can l>e had b very Irish Volunteer who can p ut up the price of it ; nay, who can pay fo r it by instalments. Why shoul d any Company remain unarmed ? RECRUITING LITERATURE.
Jt has been :1ssumed by some Co mp ~1 ni es th.at the parcels of recruiting literature recen tl y sent out from H eadqu art ers exhaust the supply that is available for each Company. Thi s is not the case. The Director of Recruiting ha s a large stock of li terature in han<l , a nd is in a position to suppl y any demands likely to be ma.de on him . Companies, fo r instance, ca11 have . as many copies . of the window card, "E nrol under the Green Flag," as they are able to dispose of, as a !so of the leaflet " H ow to Help the Volunteer Movement. " Instructions to Co~panies and County Boards and specimen handbill s arc also avail able.
Saturday,_ July roth, 1915.
THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.I
5
/
~~=~~1~1_v1_CT_OR_IE_S_OF_l_RR_E_CU_LA_R_T_RO_OP_ -. s.~1 At the P arade Ground , Bogsicle, on Wednesday evening, Mr. .!\ewm an addressed one of the largest gatherings that has been held in D erry fo r a consi dera ble time . An armed guard met Mr. Newman at hi s · hotel, and coi1ducted him to the p la ce of meeting. Mr. S ewman read a message to the peop le o f Derry from Eoin Mac :\eill, as fo llows :An urgent call to H eadquar ters has, to my extreme regret , p reYen ted me from keep ing my appoi ntment to speak in Derry. What I des ired to say to the peop le of Derry, at thi s most critical time in Ireland's hi story, is exactl y reported in the fo rthcoming issue of the lrislt 11 olzmteer in the speech which I delivered a t the Cappagh monster meeting yesterday. Mr . Newman will outline for your 1)enefit the facts wh ich I ha\·e fe lt called upon to put lJefore vou. Let ~e say that in thi s hour of danger no K a tionalist ca n afford to sneer at a U nioni st ; and no ~ a tio n a li s t is worth y of the name who treats either U nionist or Redmondite with d isPoliteness and ftrmness will win courtesy. more friends for our cause than controversy . In the fa ce of a united Engli sh oliga rchy 'Irishme n must rea li se that they are Irishmen, :and must permit no im position, either fin ancial .or otherwi se . I have calcul ated tha t the present wa r loa n will mean £3 in perpetuity from ever y house in Ireland . Three pounds a year for ever. I t is for Ireland to decide whether she will have taxes imposed upon her whi ch will !bankrup t the land and perh aps red uce our pop ulation to half its present ftgure . The future is the future of small nations; and in a sound nation al pol icy there is room for all. The substance of Mr. Newman's add ress was the disclosure of the Pogrom Plot, and has already ' been embodie d in the report of Eo in Mac ~ e ill 's add ress at Cappagh monster meet-
XIII. - VALMY. When France, in r7 92, declared wa r on the great Powers of Europe, her p rospects of success seemed very poor indeed . L nder the mona rchy her armies had consisted large ly of foreigners, who had either been slaughtered or di sba nded at its overthrow. Moreover, the emi gration of the nobility dep ri ved the wrecks of the army of nea rl y all its hi gher officers and of most of its subaltern s. H owever, t here was no lack of Volunteers whose fierce enthusias m parti a lly atoned fo r their Jack of discipline and tq ining. O PENI NG. OF THE CAMP AIG N .
F rance's one hope was to take the enemy b y surp ri se . Accordingl y, before they had time to knock the ir vas t levies into an ythin g like the shape of an arm y, they invaded the Austri a n ~e the rl a n ds. But eYen their great numerical ·uperioPity coul d not preva il over the di scipline and training of the Austrians, and a series of d isgraceful routs turned the invasion into a farce. Meanwhile the a llies had ·collected t heir forces on the Rhine . Sixty thousand Prnssians, fort y-five thousand Austrians, and ftfteen thousand of the French noblesse prepared to march into France through the Ardennes , by Ch alon ·, upon P aris. Two French armies were op posed to thern--0ne of twenty thousand, under Kelleman, at Metz ; another of twenty-three thousand at Sedan . Sedan, Longwy, and Verdun , then wretched Iy weak fortresses, were the on] v other ba rriers · on the road to P aris . PRELIM INARY l\11\NCE UV RES.
seriously fo rmer.
jeopa rdi si ng T HE
the
po ition of
the
BATTLE .
On the .mo rning of the 20th September, the ri ght wing of the al li es moved out on Kell erma n's left in orde r to cut him off from Cha Ions. The rema inder of the allies were to as. ail hi m in front, and , as their pos itio n partia ll y enveloped hi s, to interpose between him and Dumouriez. · Dumouriez, .seeing his colleag ue's da nger, moved up supporting troops on hi s fl anks. · The Pruss ian guns on La L u_ne now opened fire, while their infantry and cavalry advanced to the attack . For once the French held their ground , and the ir own artillery replied vi.gorously to the enemy, doing great damage to the close ranks of their in fa ntry . Then K ellerman led out a column of F rench in fa ntry to the assault, a nd was ibeaten back wi th loss . The Pruss ians followed up their success lby an infantry a.track iri force. At first the F rench showed signs of gi ving way, ibut K ellerman ra llied them in person, and thev stood thei r ground. Dumouriez' men were nm~' actively co-operating with them, a.nd the Prussian ad vance, torn iby the F rench artiller y, .• came to a standstill. The allied generals, despa1iring of ta king st1ch a position, called off their men, and the b attle was over. COMMENTS .
Thi s trifling affair was one of the deoisive b attles of the world , and changed th.e course of history. As the German poet, Goethe, who was p resent, said : " From thi s place, and from this day forth , commences a new era in the world's hi story ." Artisan s, tradesmen, mechanics, and peasa nts had stood up to the bes t troops in Europe and saved the new-born F rench R epublic from destruction. Yet t he ir general had merely marched them well and posted the m well , and done very littl e els.e :
At the "end of Jul y, 1792, the Allies advanced. Their who le forces we re under the command of the Duke of Brunswi ck , who ha.d acq uired a considerable reputa tion in the Seven Years' War. Moving for wa rd at a leisurely p ace he invested Long·wy on the :wth August. ing. Longwy opened its gates ;it the ft rst cannon- · At the conclu sion of the proceedings ade, and Verdun surrende red soon after. the meeting declared itself determined The allied army wa s now interposed between to resist any attemp t, either direct or the two F rench armies at Metz ·and Sedan, and indi rect, to fo rce Conscrip tion upon I re land, might have crushed each of them in turn but and as the Regi stration Bill now before P arl ia- for the arrival of Dumouriez, the new French ment wa · probalbly the thin encl of the Commander-in-Chief , 11·ho took instant and I. Conscription wedge, the audience declared vigorous action. Probabl y Ireland is the most d ifficult countr y H e quickl y ma.rchecl the itself determined to refu se an y info rma tion , Sedan army to the rea r of the Argonne, and in the worl d in which to carr y out reconnaiseither ve rba l or written, whi ch woul d ri ssist the ordered Kellerm an to wheel round from Metz sance . An d in a general way it may be taken enforcement of Conscri ption. to St. Menehould, where be was .. to be met by that reconnaissance a nd securi ty a re the sa me . R econnai ssance is commonly desc 1~bed as the · reinforcements. Dumouriez' plan was to hold the ·pas es of art of searching for the enemy, and securi ty the difficult country of the Argonne , :i nd so is the art of protecting one·s own troops on l\tlr. vValsh , T .C. , who ad \·erti ses hi s start in force the enemy to ma·ke a de tour in hi march, the ma rch. But a single field day will prove business in Dublin, preside d over the inaugural and pe rhaps expose hi s fl anks to attack. Thi ~ to anyone that the only 11·ay to have one is to meeting of the Iri sh Voluntee rs in Cork . H e p lan fa ile_d , fo r the Austri ans forced one of have the other. Furthermore, the cond itions that p ut was well-know n as Chairman · of the CGrk the passes, a nd he had to fall back. The onl y County Board of the G.A.A . Shortly after the thing left to do wa s to try and join Kellerman, obstacles in the way of one are a lso those that Cork meeting, where he !bore the brunt of the and so · p lace himself at the head of a forre interfere with the 'other. F or instance, it is hostility to the Volu nteers, he conteste? a ~d strong enough to menace the enemy and draw easy for the enemy to lay an amlhush in a large won a counciIlorshi p in Cork Cit y.. Be111g 1n him bark from the advance to P aris, which it _wood : and that is a !so the pl ace where it is the postal service, he was removed later on to was now impossible to ba r. By a. rapid move- ha rdest to find him. Wha t is true of a wood En a land by the friendly Gove rnment , and me nt southw ard he evaded the Germ ans, a nrl is true of countl ess other fe a turc -. of ground , ulti~1~ tel y, a. few weeks ago, he was di smi ssed with some difficul ty reached St. Menehoul d . and every count y in Trela nrl is full of possiibk from his i1osition. O n his w:iy home, he was H ere he was joined 'by K ell erm an and hi s examp les . The question of reconn a issance and secu,ri ty stopped by the military authorities a i~d 20 ,000 men. cleported. H e is now making a fresh start 111 Dumouriez wa s stron gly p lared at St. Mene- has been a very important prdhl em for VolunIn the main, too, they have life, and he may rel y on the good-will of Tri sh hould , protected by the Ri Yers Ai sne a nd teer officers. it i~ a very intelligent and businesstackled Volunteers and athletes . Aube . H e had chosen a pl ateau to the northwest as Kellerm an's pos ition, b ut Kellerman like wa y. It needed time and thought , plenty of fi eld work, and a good many mistakes b eDO YOU FEEL WEAK, DEPIESSED, or RUM DOWM ? . moved on to the pl ateau of Va lmy, a weaker fore satisfactory p rinciples were establi shed . position , and separa ted from Dumouriez by a CAHILL'S AROMATI C QUININE AND IRON Still , the thing was done-owing , indeed , to a da ngerous interval. TONIC will tone you up , steady· your nerves, improve large extent to the' natural ca·pacity of the The allied arm y mean1Yhile lep loyed on the )"'.:Ur appetite, enrich your bldod. For summer Voluntee rs.· The resul t is that even now the heights of L a Lune, running south-w~s t and lassitude, for Neuralgia, try a bottle l s. and ·2s_ ; north-east , opposite the two F rench anrnes, but average good corps of Volunteers is probably postage 4d. Made only by ARTHUR J. CAHILL. nearer to Kellerma n than to Dumouriez, thus better cap ab le of taking care of itself in Tre-
Security on the March in Ireland.
·-·
The Nation al C hemi~t, 82.~ Lower Dorset St., Dublin
6 - ·---·---- ---· - - --------
THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.
5taturday, July r-oth,
· - - - - ·- -- - - - - - - - -
Janel t\i; 111 a. co rrcspu1 1diug !Judy o f a1 1y ullicr Afte r all, th is is something to be .troops. thankful fo r, because it is a b ig a.dva.n ce. ~0 11' it is up to the othe r corps to ri,ral the good ones . AN INFANTRY COLUMN ON THE ROAD . All text-books whi ch trea:t of reconnoitring a nd securit y lay clown that a col umn on the march should be covered by an advance guard a nd flankers. The advance guard normally consists of a point, a vanguard a nd a main guard . Contact between the d!ifferent portions of the column is maintained by connect ing ftl es; and average distances between all bodies are set out. Thi s is the general scheme, and any arrangements adopted must fol.low to some extent. But the particular m ilitary character of the Volunteers and the nature of the country call for very considerable ch:rnges from the ordina ry methods. · Firs t of all, t he Volunteers are all either i.H-fantry or cycli sts, and the special training of cyclists is not at all as fa r advanced in some corps as it is fr1 others. Freq uently a corps consist ing of infa ntr y has had to do its own reconnoitring and provide for its o wn security. When this is so, one of two things h appens : either (a) the scouting is Yery imperfectly performed, or (b) the rate of march becomes very sfow. One corps at least -has grappled with thi s difficulty in the fo ll o\ving way : every • man in the corps has been trained in the sema. phore, and can thus convey information to the main body while it is on the move, and at considerable distances away . F urther, whenever halts occur lost ground i.s made up by doubling the men . This is- a metl;.0d that might he adopted wi th profit in hilly countr y particul arly. Very often, though, the system of infantry flankers will break down al together- the more enclosed the country the more hopel ess is their task. E ven if they can keep a fixed distance down the road on which the column is march~ ing, they will tend to drop to the rear, no matter how light their equipment may ibe. They will lose many yards of ground at eve ry fe nce. Besides, if they reconnoitre the line of the nea rest fences, there will be others beyon d, and still others beyond those, and no limit ca n he set to thi s. Jt ,1-oulcl. seem, then, that the infant ry col umn in Ireland can onl y reconnoitre directly to the fro nt alo ng the road on which it ·is marching. This is not really so, but it will be b etter to postpone the q uestion of flank protection to a su'bsequent article . The column on a road will be spli t up into three usual d ivi sions; but, as a -rule, the .d istances between them will be less than those usually set out, bee.a.use the count ry is closer than o rdinary. Besides, the numbers in a column a re not very great : and thi s leaves fewer men for connecting ftles . Indeed , it will prOihal)ly 'h e fo un d best to lzave no infantry connecting files at all . It is much more economical to haYe two cyclists - one riding from head to rea.r of the coli.1 mn , and one from rea r to head . Even one man , rid in g from rear to head , ha lting until the rear is dosed up to him, ·a nd then riding on aga in , will do the work better tha n a ny number of_ infantry fil.es, who are merely so t;zanv m en out of hand in case .of a surprise . l:sually it will be best for the rm-e ring detachme nts to mow· in fi le nr single fil e on otw or both sides of the ronrl. Jn tl rnt way they obtain n ce rtain nrnount nf <'O \·e r fro1n Yi r 11· from the fenrcs, nnd nlso ;ire better plar:ed t.n k neel down in shelter if suddenly fi red in to.
J J. 'WALSH. T.C., (o:F CoRK), begs , to intim ate to his numero us Vol:1'.1 teer fri ends thn t be has opened a ma grnficent Tobacco, Chocolate, Sweets, and ::--J ewo Emporium in Dublin at the corner of Blessington a nd Berkeley Streets . 1 rish goods 8 speciality.
LField Training. I CHA PTER XI. RECONNAISSANCE I N DE FENCE .
R ead this chapte r in conjunct io n wi th Chapter VI. , whi ch dealt wi th reconnni ssance in geperal a~ well as reconnai ss.a.nce in attacJ, _ A - Unl ess tlt e situation demands instant action . no commander of any uuit smaller than ~ division should ever give battle wit !1out mal1i7lt_ a personal survey of tlte ground . Take your men to a good position which commands ;:i. view of the surrounding country, a nd point out its p rincipal characteri sticshill s, valleys, woods, rive rs, mnrshes, i) !ains, roads, ra ilways, houses, 1·ill ages, e tc., indicating their milita ry use. Now choose out a. position which you might dec ide to hold aga111st a n enemy, and send your men in patrols of 4 or 5 to reconno itre it. Instruct them to report under the fol lowin g heads :(1) .T!te extent of the position . (z) The nature of tlte position . Whe the r it is nat urally clefensi1ble, or wi ll req uire artifi cia l defences; whether the ground is easy tr} entrench or no t ; whether it is dominated l>v high ground; whether the flnnks are defensible. (3) The weal1 points of t Ile position . (4) The strong points . (s) Th e probable po sition of t!te enemy' s artillery. (6) Firing positions lil1ely to b e sei:<ed by tlte enemy . [See Chapter VI.]. (7) .Tlte enemy's probable line of attack (8) T lze best ground for t !te cozmter-attacl1 . (9) .Tlte line of retreat .
B. ' iVhen you ha1·e sen t o ut the \·arious part·ies and appointed a time to meet aga in , set out yourself to sun·e y the ground. T ake note of all the points on wh ich you have ordered the rema inder to report, a nd in the I ight of thi s kno wledge think out the d ispos ition of your forces in case you h ad to defend the pos ition . T ake it th:tt the availabl e force consists of infan try and cyclists, a nd remember that ·its general dispos ition should confo rm as far as poss ible to thi s type :·
1:41
Cy1a,1~T'
t:c.l\l'IH~."($,
A
Clly
_ Th is rcpr~:se 11 ls ;1 ,!Jatt;il iuH with ,.) Cle ~cuub in battle fOTma tion . Yo u will bave to choose o ut µositions for each of these divis ions of yo ur fore~ , as we ll as for your ambulance and transport . A thorough ~nowleclge of the functions of each , as shown j n the forego ing chap ters, wi ll be s t~ffic ient guide to the dispositio ri of Firing Lrne, Supports, a nd Loca l R esen·e . The general R eserve (ha lf your fo rce) is p laced in . good cover and ready to cle li\·er the decisive counter-attack. The Ambul ance a nd Transport must, of cou rse, be secure from clanger.
c. When ;rou a nd your .men have collected togethe r agif.in , receive their reports a nd compare them with your own observations. You will probably Je;un more than you will teach -in the process, but that wi ll be all the better. If there i.s time, the ,,-hole party sho uld then go m·er the ground togethe r nncl ,·omp;i r<" notes .
Things a Sentry Should Know . The yo ung V <?lunteer ne w
to
sentry duty is
I table to make mistakes at first, b ut a little care
w ill q uickly enable him to carry ou t ·hi s d uties ]JIOperl y. It is on I y necessary to know what is the right course of action in such-and-such a case, and mos t men will do it then . One example of a natural enough mistake is fo r the raw sentry to take post on the skyline. J1:e can obserYe well from there, and may :l:orge t tha t he can easily be seen tlt ere also ]3ut this is the sort of thing an intelli gent man needs to be tol d only once. ll uotlter mist ake is to challenge to o soon. P ersons approaching the post should be .a I lowed fair! y close before challe nging . Otherwi se the sentr y cannbt be certain of ·hitting, in case the person challenged tries to get away . a nd it is necessary to shoot. Agnin , it is most importan t that the sentry should never allow more titan one man to approach in case it is necessary to make one of a group a.elm.nee to .be recognised . A sentry shoul d never fire unless absolutely 1iccessary . F iring a t ni ght upsets the entire · ca mp , and should be aYoidecl when poss ibl e. H e must never leaV'e !tis post . If he ta kes a p ri soner he shoul d keep him if necessa ry until the next visiting patrol. I t i,s better to be sure tha n sorry; and in :my case in which the sentry is in do ubt as to the proper course of actio n he shou lcl summon the commnncler of the gumd to whi"h he helongs.
--
c-=-
.J)
coy · -
coy
---
LOCl\L
RESERvt::..s
• • •• £
F
G
H
C.tNtRJ) 'ft£"~
l?'RVt::,.
THE UUSH VOLUNTEER
Sa,turda y, j ul y roth, r 9 i 5.
I
Is Rebellion Against Authority a Sin?
EYen after Ire land's se,·en centuries of protest agai nst the fore ign yoke of England, tbere are quite a nu mber of good souls who ha\·e sc ruples as to wh ther it is a righteous thing tu protest either in te ri oril y, by refu sing assent LU the existing go1·ernment, or by takillg up arms tu 1lcli\·er the .l.rish people from sb\·ery. These pwple cannot haxe it bo~h ways. Arming is mere ly a detail , it is the logical uutcome of a refusal to assent to foreign rule . lf it be a sin to oppose any government which possesses the power to force it elf upon a nation, it is ·equally wrong to refuse "loyal" support to that government by assenting· will .ingly to its existence. This point is dealr with most effectiYely in A. Figltt for Freedom, a fine study of the rising in the Tyrol which was the means of liberating that oppressed Catholic people. A. Figltt for Fr eedom is a gracefully 90111posed bu()k, and the details uf the fight ing are gi\·en with realism and res traint , a Ye ry clesiralile literary combinatjon . Before the rising the 4uestion of the moral justification for re bell ion is raised, and a pries t \·ery effectua IJ y cl isijoses of the point in con1·er ation with a penitent, who, as a matter of fact, JHo,·ecl a spy in disguise. Thi s is the con \·ersat ion : - "I can unly a·u sohc you if yvu hold the holy___ faith as a Tyrolese, as our forefathers have always held it in the Tyrol. " " Hut my conscience, your re\·erence ! H Uii" shall [ see my way? T he Austrians h:we made peace, and gi\·en the Tyrol to the Bavarians, and the KiJ1g of Ba\·aria is now the authority ~e t orer us by God. A.nd in the Tyrol they say 11·e must rebel against the Ba\·arians and chase them out of the co untry . And now my conscience tells me : 'That is seditious. We must be sub ject to the authority set o\·er us 'by Goel and the law.' ~ow, your reverence, how am I to kee1 that ?"' The priest answered. " When the P harisees tempted our Lord ,1Jy aski ng whether they were to pay trib ute to Cresar or not, he answered : ' Render unto C:E ·ar the things tha~ are Cesar's, and unto Goel the thi ngs that are Goers. ' Is there any. question vf a King there ? ?\o, only of the Emperor aud God. Jn our case, too, the matter is su Ycry clear that a doubt almost · amounts to imp iety. Yvu mu~t be -subject to the authority set up by God. l2uite right , liut who is the authority set over u · Catholi~ Christians by Gvd? l s it the apostate who · was made Kin•,. vf Rwaria by the insurgent Bonapaite ? j\ 0 , j~ is H is Apostolic Majesty, Emperor of the Holy Roman · Emp ire. Or to whom _ha Ye you ~worn
al legiai1ce ? To the King of Bavaria? No, you have not sworn a) legiance in holy baptism to t!_ie Ca.tholic Church, which is now separated from him, not of our own free will blit by force. If robbers drive your flocks out of their stall , does that make them theirs by ·right? ~ot at all, they are yours, and it is your duty to take them back again by force. I tell you : be ready for the struggl e !" To t·bis the penitent replied : "I understand, I 11uite understand , but we are quite powerless. .Poor little Tyro! cannot res ist al !-powerful Fra nce and :-tll the other great nati ons who are united with her . It is abs urd , we shall 'be trodden under foot like a worm ." ' " Ob ! faithless Christian !" cri ed the confessor. "As faint-hearted as the disciples on Peter's ship in the storm; but the Lord commanded the waves. Vile must not sit still with our hands folded. Help thyself, and G(}d will A . N. help thee!" "A Fight for Freedom,'' by Peter Rosegger. Gill & Son, 6/-.
13/6
M
easure.
I
SHOP Por Big Value In Ch"ndlery, LITTLE
Tobaccos, Cigarettes, &c.
I
Dublin:
IRISH
c;oous A SPEGIALIJY.
WEXFORD
STl~EBT,
DUBLIN.
Irish Volunteers should support
JAMES LENNON Ulster's Leading Nationalist Bookseller and Newsagent,
Castle Street and Chapel Lane, · Everyone should read " T he J ail Journal," " New Ireland,'' " Speeches from the Dock,'' r / - each ; by post, r / 2. All National Publications Stocked. l'rnyer Books and Objects of Devotion at lowest prices. VISITORS TO BELFAST SHOULD INSPECT OUR STOCK,
I ~o~s~l:::t~!,~,~~~~~ \ ~
j
I can givt:: lJesl value in lrdand 111 Razors. T1y my Special 2/6 H.azor. Monc=y refunded if no t satisfied. Old Rator:s l•ro ~ nd and Se1 1 J.d.
!/ M 'QUILLAN '
I
26 William Street LIMERIOK. All Classes of FEEDING STUFFS Stocked.:
Miss E. MacHugh,
Write for particulars to the Sec;,i:.etary, I. V. Headquarters, 2 Dawson Street;· Dublin.
KEOGH BROS. , Ltd.,
BAKERIES,
Sarsfield Street,
Insures Irish Volunteers agains t Victimisation by their Employers. . . . •
. Groups! Groups! _ Groups!
JOHN DALY'S AND
35 /36 CAPEL ST. , DUBLIN.
AN CUMANN COSANTA
I
Lower Dorset Street, Dublin.
"63 " Talbot Street, DUBLIN. Lucania. Pierce. Swift. Rudge. B.S.A. New Bicycles. Cash. Easy Payments . Repairs. Accessories. ·Second-hand Bicycles from 15/-. Prams. and Gramophones Repair ed.
LUCANIA GYGLES ARE
Phone 2902.
Rl~DE
IN IREl.ANO. J
Best Terms (Cash Only) from
If you want DRY FEET and PERFECT FIT -
i
uomn.o.tl u.o. bu.o.c.o.tl.o., I m l11s tl U.6.U.d'O.j
TKY -
LAHEEN,
Bootmaker,
115 Emmet Road, Inchicore, 22 Stoneybatter and 23 Bishop Street. REPAI;iS Neatly Executed at MODERATE CHARGES
TttEcvcLE PEOPLE,
To . .
LARKIN'S
JOIN THE IRISH VOLUNTEERS.
TREASON!
It is treason for I rishmcc1 to
buy the ~~ore ign ~ Article and neglect Irish Ind u~tries.
LOUGHLIN'S IRISH OUTFITTING
is bette r than the Foreign Shirts, Hosiery, Gloves, ALL I R IS H. Braces, H ats, Caps, Boots, etc., etc.
Dunlop Tyres,
FAIR PRICES.
IRISH OUTFITTING HEADQUARTERS, 19 Parliament Street, OUBLIN.
13 Aungier Street.
'l"he Volunteer Boots.
1782
DON'T FORGET
BELFAST.
S \\llFT Aflli(D IONA CYCLES. Fitted with £~~ 15s. Cash or ·2/- Weekly.
MU~PHY,
7
1914
Specially desig ned for marching, and manufactured in my own factory by Irish Trade Union Labour. · Post Orders. promptl y a ttended to.
JOHN MALONE, NORTH KING STREET, D_UBLIN.
Don't Buy a Watch by the Case! By all means let the case be as good as yo.i can afford. But remember that a good case does not necessarily mean a good watch. Be sure you are buying an accurate timekeeper. An excellent watch is our i,3 3s. Silver Keyless Lever, whose average variation is less than a minute a month.
GANTER BROS., 6 3 SotJ t h Grea t Georg e ' s Street , DUIS L !N,
•
THE iFUSH VOLUNTEER.- Telephone 222,
JOHN A. O'CONNELL,
6LE-ESON -& co., IRIS~N~~ODS .
· $~culptor,
KING
" Ever1thing that is not Irish. m~st be · Foreign.'' ~rish
sr~EET, CO~K.
GAELS-Where to get your News, Stationery, ~Cigarettes, General Fancy Goods, etc., etc.-
0 Faolain.
News~gent,
IM
CHAPEL LANE, BELFAST.
S. C. ROAD, DUBLIN.
Ulster De.,Ct for "Tracts for
th~
Times."
1 Dozen nssorted Post Free for 1/ -
BADGES FOR VOLUNTEER UNIFORMS, Etc. MEDALS FOR IUFLE SHOOTING in Gold and Sliver, . ORIGINAL DESIGNS.
p.&un.o.115 o t>o'Otem,
CATALO GUE S and QUOTATI ONS FREE.
2 L10WER ORMOND QUAY.
Opposite O'CONNELL MONUMENT, DUBLIN. 1 'Rmn 6 :sCu.dn.<.\c 1916.
RING I:S YOUR PLACE. TEACHERS. Riug.i~ the best place for · Teachers. Its teaching methods are renowned. SPLE~DID
Telegrams: "Meyther, Dublin."
Telephone : 3569.
CITY CLUB CIGARETTES.
10 for 3d.
P. CONWAY 8l. CO., TOBACCONISTS,
31 Exchequer Street and lOa Aungier Street Established 1894.
.VERY SPECIAL attention is giYen to conversation. Beginners have a special tutor alw:iys with them. ACCOMMODATION.
First Session • July 5th to 30th. Second Sessfon • Aug. 2nd to 23rd. l'ROSPECTUS ON APPLICATION TO
RING, DUNG ARV A_N, CO. WATERFORD:
VOLU.NTEEllS !
S.nd your COLLARS, · SHIRTS, etc., to
THE NATIONAL LAU~DRY, 60 South William Street, DUBLIN. Suns and UN Jl'ORMs CLEANED and P RES SED IN Two DA Ys.
Camping .Equipment for Volunteers. Volunteer Tents,
55/• each.
these, 12/6 each.
THE Bl'IST VALUIE FOR CASH IN LIMIERICK.
o
SUPPLI ED ONLY TO VOLUN T EERS.
11 .. .0.ttmun.&111,
APPLY: AT ONCJ:
Draper,
10 WILLIAM STREET, LIMERICK.
MERCHANT TAILORS, 5 ROSEMARY ST.. BELFAST (First Floor)
Irish Tweed and Serge Suits. Specialities--Irish National Costumes and Irish Volunteer Uniforms. We are p repared to carry out the suggestion of transforming dyed civilian suits into unifoqns_. Dye your suit, a-nd we'll do the rest at lowest cost. ·
te.<.\1Mm :so utut uo ctfl
IRISH
.&r
Sinnre"'t'·
VOLllNTEE~S
IRISH FARM PRODUCE CAPE, 21 HENRY STREET. No Foreign Foodstuffs.
TARGET RIFLES Etc. Greener Marti11i Rifles ... 22 cal. Steven's Favow-ite Rifles Marksman Rifl es Crackshot Rifles ,, Little Scout Rifles ,, Winchester Single Shot Rift ~ _ ,, ,, Heavy Model - ,, Retieater Rifl es Heavy Model ,, Hamilton Boys' Rifles Britannia Air Rifles ·Adaptors for 30·3 Rifles ... Targets, 22 cal. Cartridges, Clea,ning R ods, All Sundries.
REPAIRS A SPECIALITY.
Irish Made Shirts, Caps, Poplin Ties, Waterproof Ground Sheets for Collars, Hosiery, &c. p.&un.0.15
Daniel : M'Devitt & Co.,
Support you\ own. TRY THEM.
If yo1i want to learn IrishIf you want to get a thorough grip of 1he Language in ..the shortest possible timelf you want a hap1;>y, healthy holiday
/
No objectionable Etigli'sh Papers stocked.:
LADIES' AND GENT'S TAILOR. -
Ring Irish College.
Manufactured by
TWINEM B:flOS.,-
Manufacturers of
we appeal to you as a Gael only for a trial order, We are certain to &ive you Satisfaction .
1ot-Scot tM nlmiMn
.·· ~
(Wholesale Religious· Goods Depot),
St. Mary's Catholic Reposifory
Hopkins & Hopkins'
35 LOWER DORSET STREET.
c:e11.
VOLUNTEER SAUCE.
Volunteer Tailors and - ~rapers,
M. O'BOYLE,
Sc.&t .(\ t:: Se.<\'O m.d1f11U '0..!01ne,'' - .<\ 5.<\e'Oe.dt.i.-
,.
Ask for
11 UPPER O'CONNELL STREET, D~BLIN
Monuments, Headstones, etc.
( .O.fl
.
~
Saturday, July rnth, i 9i 5.
HEADQUARTERS, 2 DAWSON ST., DUBLIN.
USE
"Green Cross Night Lights." MADE IN IRELAND.
DRINK Dry 6in2:er Ale. KER NAN'S
55 / 27 / 6 20 / -
16/ 6 13/ 6 20 / -
27 / 6 50 / 60 / 10/ 6
37/ 6 3/ and
Catalogues Fne.
L. KEEGAN, Gun & Rifle llaker aud Ammunition Merchant 3 llNN'S QUAY, DUBLIN. Telephone 2674.
LAUGH AS •USUAL' AND READ
WAR HUMOUR and Other Atrocities, By Will E- Wagtail, Brian na Banban an d Myles Malone. '76 Pages of Genuine Racy Irish Humour-all with a War Flavour- Stories, Jokes, Skits, Songs, including-
" Eig!ht Millions of Eng li ~hmen ," "When the Pigs begin to, Fly," "A Nail in th·e Kaiser's Coffin," etc.
Post Free for 6d.
Whelan 81. Son 17 UPPER ORMOND QUAY, DUBLIN. T'rin ted for 1be Proprietors .. r. the Northgate Printing Work s, llelfast, and ptA>li sbed at 1:he Volunteer Headquar)!!rs, 2 Dawson Street, Dublin.
"