şŬŤŕ ŭŬŮŞŢŦ ŢũŽ ŨŬŤūŬšŬ
æćąĐüĄĄĖ
Ƙ ţƎƌƙƚ ƀƜƌƙƖƱƎƝƨƖ ŮƔƐƌƎƙƔƢƞƎƚ ¨ŬƛƚƝƞƚƗ© 2017 1
űƍƌƎƝƂƋƆƈƆ žƑƞƫƙƌ ƁƘƱƗƨ ţƎƌƙƙƌ ŰƚƜƚƤƑƙƖƚ ŢƆƅžƇƋ Ɛž ƀƃƎƏƐƈž ŷƑƝƱ ŭƱƗƚƍƜƚƎƖƚ ŲƌƐƌ ƌſƈƉžƂƆƋƈƆ ţƏƚƜ ŰƔƐƌ ŭƚƒƱ ƛƚƜƌƐƔ ƐƗƫ ƖƚƒƙƚƏƚ ŻƜƚƥƑƙƙƫ ± ţƎƌƙƚ ƀƜƌƙƖƱƎƝƨƖ ŮƔƐƌƎƙƔƢƞƎƚ ¨ŬƛƚƝƞƚƗ© ± Ɲ
ƂƔƞƌƞƔ ƎƓƫƞƚ ƱƓ ŽƎƫƞƚƏƚ ŻƔƝƨƘƌ ƛƑƜƑƖƗƌƐƟ ƚ ţƎƌƙƌ ƁƚƘƑƙƖƌ Əƚ ƃŽŮŮ
ſƝƱ ƛƜƌƎƌ ƓƌƝƞƑƜƑƒƑƙƚ ŭƑƓ ƛƔƝƨƘƚƎƚƏƚ ƐƚƓƎƚƗƟ ƎƔƐƌƎƢƫ ƒƚƐƙƌ ƣƌƝƞƔƙƌ ƞƑƖƝƞƟ ƙƑ ƘƚƒƑ ƜƚƓƛƚƎƝƪƐƒƟƎƌƞƔƝƫ ƣƔ ƞƔƜƌƒƟƎƌƞƔƝƫ Ɵ ƍƟƐƨ ƫƖƚƘƟ ƎƔƏƗƫƐƱ ƝƪƐƔ ƎơƚƐƔƞƨ ƞƌƖƚƒ ƠƚƞƚƖƚƛƱƪƎƌƙƙƫ ƓƌƛƔƝ ƙƌ ƢƔƠƜƚƎƱ ƙƚƝƱƲ ƞƌ ƜƚƓƘƱƥƑƙƙƫ Ǝ ƱƙƠƚƜƘƌƢƱƕƙƔơ ƝƔƝƞƑƘƌơ ƛƚƤƟƖƟ
ŮƔƐƌƎƙƔƢƞƎƚ ¨ŬƛƚƝƞƚƗ© 2
1 şŬŤţ ŭŮŬŷţūūŽ şţťŪţŤūţ ǟ ȒȖȓȐ Ȕȭȑ ȕȈȘȖȌ ȡȖ ȏȊȍȚȤșȧ ȔȖȮȔ ȭȔ¶ȧȔ țȗȖȒȖȘȐȚȤșȧ ȉțȌȍ ȔȖȓȐȚȐșȤ ȚȈ ȠțȒȈȚȐ ȖȉȓȐȟȟȧ ȔȖȋȖ ȑ ȕȈȊȍȘȕȍȚȤșȧ ȊȭȌ șȊȖȮȝ ȓȐȝȐȝ ȌȖȘȭȋ ȚȖ ȧ ȗȖȟțȦ ȏ ȕȍȉȈ ȑ ȗȘȖȡț ȋȘȭȝȐ Ȯȝȕȭ ȑ ȊȐȋȖȦ ȮȝȕȦ ȏȍȔȓȦ ǽȘ ǩȓȈȎȍȕ ȒȖȔț ȗȘȖșȚȐȓȖșȤ ȉȍȏȏȈȒȖȕȕȧ ȒȖȔț ȋȘȭȝ ȗȖȒȘȐȚȖ ȉȓȈȎȍȕ ȚȖȑ ȒȖȔț ǩȖȋ ȊȐȕȐ ȕȍ ȏȈȓȭȟȐȚȤ ȭ Ȋ ȒȖȋȖ ȕȈ ȌțȠȭ ȕȍȔȈ ȓțȒȈȊșȚȊȈ ȇ ȊȐșȗȖȊȭȌȈȊ ȚȖȉȭ ȋȘȭȝ Ȕȭȑ ȭ ȕȍ ȏȈȚȈȮȊ ȗȘȖȊȐȕȐ ȔȖȫȮ ȇ ȔȖȊȐȊ ©ǷȘȐȏȕȈȦșȤ ǫȖșȗȖȌȍȊȭ Ȋ ȔȖȮȝ ȗȘȖȊȐȕȈȝª ȭ ȚȐ ȗȘȖșȚȐȊ ȊȐȕț ȋȘȭȝȈ ȔȖȋȖ Ƿș
ǵȈ ȕȈș ȚȧȎȭȦȚȤ ȗȘȖȊȐȕȐ ȕȈȠȭ ȚȐ Ȯȝ ȗȘȖȡȈȫȠ Ƿș ǩȓȈȋȖșȓȖȊȐ ȌțȠȍ ȔȖȧ ǫȖșȗȖȌȈ ȭ ȕȍ ȏȈȉțȊȈȑ țșȭȝ ȌȖȉȘȖȌȭȑșȚȊ ȑȖȋȖ ȕȭȒȖȓȐ Ǫȭȕ ȗȘȖȡȈȫ țșȭ ȚȊȖȮ ȗȘȖȊȐȕȐ ȏȞȭȓȧȫ Ȋșȭ ȚȊȖȮ ȕȍȌțȋȐ Ƿș ǴȐȓȖșȍȘȌȕȐȑ ǫȖșȗȖȌȤ ȭ ȌȖȉȘȐȑ ȗȖȊȭȓȤȕȐȑ ȌȖ ȋȕȭȊț ȭ ȊȍȓȤȔȐ ȔȐȓȖșȚȐȊȐȑ ǵȍ ȉțȌȍ ȊȭȟȕȖ Ȋȭȕ ȏȔȈȋȈȚȐșȤ ȑ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍ ȋȕȭȊȈȚȐșȤ ȗȖȊȭȒȐ ǵȍ ȏȈ ȋȘȭȝȈȔȐ ȕȈȠȐȔȐ țȟȐȕȐȊ Ȋȭȕ ȭȏ ȕȈȔȐ ȭ ȕȍ ȏȈ ȗȘȖȊȐȕȈȔȐ ȕȈȠȐȔȐ ȊȭȌȗȓȈȚȐȊ Ȋȭȕ ȕȈȔ ǩȖ ȧȒ ȊȐșȖȒȖ ȕȍȉȖ ȕȈȌ ȏȍȔȓȍȦ ȚȈȒȈ ȊȍȓȐȒȈ ȑȖȋȖ ȔȐȓȭșȚȤ ȕȈȌ ȚȐȔȐ ȡȖ ȑȖȋȖ ȉȖȧȚȤșȧ ȇȒ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ șȝȭȌ ȊȭȌ ȏȈȝȖȌț ȚȈȒ ȊȭȌȌȈȓȐȊ Ȋȭȕ ȊȭȌ ȕȈș ȏȓȖȟȐȕșȚȊȈ ȕȈȠȭ Ƿș ǵȍ ȌȖȊȗȖȌȖȉȐ ǪșȍȊȐȠȕȤȖȔț ȕȍȟȍșȚȐȊȐȝ ȗȘȐȕȖșȐ ȭ ȋȘȭȝȐ Ȋȭȕ ȗȘȖȡȈȫ ȸ ȕȍ ȏȈ ȟȐșȓȍȕȕȭ ȎȍȘȚȊȐ ǹȐȘ ȇ ȘȖȏȭȋȕȈȊ ȕȍȔȖȊ ȚțȔȈȕ ȚȊȖȮ ȗȍȘȍșȚțȗȐ ȚȊȖȮ ȋȘȭȝȐ ² ȕȍȕȈȟȍ ȝȔȈȘț ǷȖ
2 šŬůŭŬŢź ŢŞŮűœ ŭŮŬŷţūūŽ ŰŦŪ ŽŨŕ ŭŮŬůŽŰź ŧŬšŬ ǴȍȚȕțȊșȤ ȜȈȘȈȖȕ ȗȖȒȓȐȒȈȚȐ ǴȖȑșȍȧ ȚȈ ǨȘȖȕȈ ȚȈ ȑ șȒȈȏȈȊ ©ǯȋȘȭȠȐȊ ȧ ȗȍȘȍȌ ǫȖșȗȖȌȖȔ ǩȖȋȖȔ ȊȈȠȐȔ ȚȈ ȑ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȊȈȔȐ ǟ ȖȞȍ ȉȓȈȋȈȦ ȗȘȖșȚȭȚȤ Ȕȍȕȭ ȡȍ Ȟȍȑ ȘȈȏ Ȕȭȑ ȋȘȭȝ ȭ ȗȖȔȖȓȭȚȤșȧ ǫȖșȗȖȌț ǩȖȋț ȊȈȠȖȔț ȡȖȉ ȊȭȌȊȍȘȕțȊ ȊȭȌ Ȕȍȕȍ ȚȭȓȤȒȐ ȖȞȦ șȔȍȘȚȤª ǺȖ ȭ ȊȐȑȠȖȊ ǴȖȑșȍȑ ȊȭȌ ȜȈȘȈȖȕȈ ȚȈ ȑ șȚȈȊ ȔȖȓȐȚȐșȤ ǫȖșȗȖȌȍȊȭ ǪȐȝ ǪȗȈȊ ǴȖȑșȍȑ ȗȘȐȚȤȔȖȔ ȕȈ ȒȖȓȭȕȈ ȑ ȗȖȒȓȖȕȐȊșȧ ȌȖ ȏȍȔȓȭ ȭ ȔȖȊȐȊ ©DzȖȓȐ
ȧ ȏȕȈȑȠȖȊ ȓȈșȒț ǫȖșȗȖȌȐ Ȋ ȚȊȖȮȝ ȖȟȈȝ ȕȍȝȈȑ ȭȌȍ ǫȖșȗȖȌȤ ȗȖșȍȘȍȌ ȕȈș ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȡȖ Ȟȍ ȕȈȘȖȌ ȚȊȍȘȌȖȓȖȉȐȑ ȚȈ ȚȐ Ȋșȍ Ȏ ȚȈȒȐ ȗȘȖșȚȐ ȉȍȏȏȈȒȖȕȕȧ ȕȈȠȍ ȚȈ ȋȘȭȝ ȕȈȠ ȭ ȊȭȏȤȔȐ ȕȈș șȖȉȭ Ȋ ȕȈșȓȭȌȌȧª ǪȐȝ ǷȘȖșȚȐ ȚȊȖȫȔț ȕȈȘȖȌȖȊȭ ǟȏȘȈȮȓȍȊȭ ȡȖ ȑȖȋȖ ȚȐ ǫȖșȗȖȌȐ ȊȐȏȊȖȓȐȊ ǪȚȖȘ ǺȖȌȭ ǹȈțȓ șȒȈȏȈȊ ȌȖ ǹȈȔțȮȓȈ ©ǯȋȘȭȠȐȊ ȧ ȗȍȘȍșȚțȗȐȊȠȐ ǫȖșȗȖȌȕȭȑ ȕȈȒȈȏ ȭ ȚȊȖȮ șȓȖȊȈ Ȉȓȍ ȧ ȉțȊ ȏȓȧȒȈȊșȧ ȕȈȘȖȌț ȑ țȊȖȓȐȊ ȑȖȋȖ ȊȖȓȦ ǺȍȗȍȘ Ȏȍ ȗȘȖșȚȐ ȗȘȖȠț ȋȘȭȝ Ȕȭȑ ȭ ȗȖȊȍȘȕȐșȧ ȏȖ ȔȕȖȦ ȧ ȗȖȒȓȖȕȦșȤ ǫȖșȗȖȌȍȊȭª ǹȈȔ ǺȖȌȭ ǬȈȊȐȌ șȒȈȏȈȊ ȌȖ ǫȖșȗȖȌȈ ©ǹȖȋȘȭȠȐȊ ȧ ȚȧȎȒȖ ȏȘȖȉȐȊȠȐ Ȟȍ ǶȚȖȎ ǫȖșȗȖȌȐ ȗȘȖȠț ȗȘȖșȚȐ ȗȘȖȊȐȕț ȚȊȖȋȖ ȘȈȉȈ ȉȖ ȊȟȐȕȐȊ ȧ ȌțȎȍ ȕȍȘȖȏțȔȕȖª ǹȈȔ ǹȚȈȊ ǹȖȓȖȔȖȕ ȗȍȘȍȌ ǫȖșȗȖȌȕȭȔ ȎȍȘȚȖȊȕȐȒȖȔ ȗȍȘȍȌ țșȭȫȦ ȋȘȖȔȈȌȖȦ ǟȏ15
3 şŬŤŞ ũżşŬŠ ůŭŬūűŨŞœ ūŞů ŭŮŬŷŞŰŦ ǩȓȐȎȕȤȖȔț ȚȊȖȫȔț ȒȘȐȊȌț ȗȘȖșȚȐ ȚȖȎ ȗȖȗȘȖșȐȊȠȐ ȑ șȈȔ ȗȘȖȡȍȕȕȧ ȋȘȭȝȭȊ ȖȌȍȘȎȐȠ ǹȐȘ ǷȈȔ¶ȧȚȈȑ ȗȘȖ ȏȈȗȖȊȭȌȭ ȕȍ ȋȕȭȊȈȑșȧ ȕȈ ȉȓȐȎȕȤȖȋȖ ȗȘȖ șȖȦȏ ǪșȍȊȐȠȕȤȖȋȖ ȸ ȭ ȗȘȖȊȐȕț ȗȘȖȉȈȟ ǹȐȘ ǷȘȖșȚȐ ȕȈȔ ȌȖȊȋȐ ȕȈȠȭ ȧȒ ȭ ȔȐ ȗȘȖȡȈȫȔȖ ȌȖȊȎȕȐȒȈȔ ȕȈȠȐȔ ǴȚ DzȖȓȐ ȊȐ ȗȘȖȡȈȚȐȔȍȚȍ ȓȦȌȧȔ Ȯȝȕȭ ȗȘȖȊȐȕȐ ȚȖ ȑ ǶȚȍȞȤ ȊȈȠ ȕȍȉȍșȕȐȑ ȗȘȖșȚȐȚȤ ȊȈȔ Ǩ ȒȖȓȐ ȊȐ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚȍ
ůŠŽŰŕ ŭŮŬ ŭŮŬŷţūūŽ
ǝȌȐȕȖȦ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȦ ȌȖ șȗȖȒȖȦ ȫ ȗȘȖȡȍȕȕȧ ǷȘȐȑȕȧȚȚȧ ȭ ȎȍȘȚȊȈ ȗȘȖȡȍȕȕȧ ȗȍȘȍȘȐȊȈȫ șȗȭȘȈȓȤ ȕȍȕȈȊȐșȚȭ ȚȈ ȗȖȔșȚȐ ȒȘȐȠȐȚȤ ȒȈȑȌȈȕȐ ȏȓȈ ȉȍȕȚȍȎȈȟȐ șȍȘȞȧ șțȗȘȖȚȐȊȕȐȒȭȊ Ǭȓȧ ȒȘȈȮȕ ȧȒȭ ȗȘȈȋȕțȚȤ ȫȌȕȈȕȕȧ ȭ Ȍȓȧ Ȋșȭȝ ȧȒȭ ȗȘȈȋȕțȚȤ ȔȐȘȕȖȋȖ șȗȭȊȭșȕțȊȈȕȕȧ ȓȦȌȍȑ ȭ ȕȈȘȖȌȭȊ ȕȍȔȈ ȭȕȠȖȮ ȌȖȘȖȋȐ ȕȭȎ ȗȘȖȡȍȕȕȧ ȗȘȐȑȕȧȚȍ ȭ ȌȈȘȖȊȈȕȍ dzȦȉȖȊ ȌȖ ȚȐȝ ȧȒȭ ȕȈș șȒȘȐȊȌȐȓȐ ȔȖȎȍ ȏȔȭȕȐȚȐ ȕȈȊȭȚȤ ȗȖȓȍ ȉȖȦ Ȋ ȔȭșȞȍ șȖȓȭȌȈȘȕȖȮ șȗȭȊȗȘȈȞȭ ǹȊȧȚȐȑ ǟȊȈȕ ǷȈȊȓȖ ǟǟ ǵȍȝȈȑ ț ȝȈȖșȭ ȗȘȐșȚȘȈșȚȍȑ ȭ ȏȕȍȋȖȌ ȌȖȓȭ ȗȭȌȚȘȐȔțȫ ȕȈș ȕȈȌȭȧ ȕȈ ȉȍȏȒȖȕȍȟȕȍ ǩȖȎȍ ȔȐȓȖșȍȘȌȧ ǹȗȖȊȕȍȕȭ ȌȖȊȭȘ¶ȧ ȉȭȎȭȔȖ ȌȖ ȚȘȐȉțȕȈȓț ȗȖȒțȚȐ Ȍȍ Ǫȭȕ ȏ ȉȈȚȤȒȭȊșȤȒȐȔ ȏȈȕȍȗȖȒȖȫȕȕȧȔ ȖȟȭȒțȫ 26
ȕȈș ȒȖȎȕȖȮ ȝȊȐȓȐȕȐ ǟ ȝȖȟ ȔȐ țșȊȭȌȖȔȓȦȫȔȖ ȕȈȠț ȕȭȒȟȍȔȕȭșȚȤ șțȗȘȖȚȐ ǵȤȖȋȖ ȚȈ ȖȌȕȈȒ ȕȍ șțȔȕȭȊȈȑȔȖșȧ Ȋ țȘȖȟȐșȚȖ ȗȘȖȋȖȓȖȠȍȕȖȔț ȗȘȖȡȍȕȕȭ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȋȘȭȝȭȊ ǷȖȒȓȈȌȭȔȖ ȕȈ ȕȐȝ ȕȈȌȋȘȖȉȕȐȑ ȒȈȔȭȕȤ ȧȒ Ȟȍ ȏȘȖȉȐȊ ǫȖșȗȖȌȤ ǹȊȧȚȐȑ Ȗ ǷȭȖ Ǩȕȭ ȗȖȌțȔȒȐ Ȉȕȭ ȗȭȌ ȟȈș șȊȧȚȖȮ ǹȗȖȊȭȌȭ ȕȍ ȚȘȍȉȈ ȗȖȊȍȘȚȈȚȐșȧ ȌȖ ȗȘȖȊȐȕ ȧȒȭ ȔȐ ȊȐȏȕȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȗȖȗȍȘȍȌȕȭȝ șȊȧȚȐȝ șȗȖȊȭȌȧȝ ǯȈȊȌȧȒȐ ȕȈȠȖȔț ȌȖșȒȖȕȈȓȖȔț ȎȈȓȦ ȧȒȐȑ ȊȐȗȓȐȊȈȫ ȏ ȓȦȉȖȊȭ ȌȖ ǩȖȋȈ ǟșțș ȗȘȖșȚȐȊ Ȯȝ ț ȚȈȑȕȭ ǹȗȖȊȭȌȭ Ǫȭȕ șȈȔ șȚȈȊ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȈȔȐ ȑ ȕȈȠȐȔȐ ȕȍȔȖȟȈȔȐ ȧȒ DzȘȍȌȐȚȖȘ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȉȖȘȎȕȐȒȖȔ ȒȖȚȘȐȑ ȉȈȋȈȚȖ ȏȈȉȖȘȋțȊȈȊ ǮȍșȚȖȔ ȉȍȏȔȍȎȕȖȮ ȊȍȓȐȒȖȌțȠȕȖșȚȭ Ǫȭȕ ȗȖȘȊȈȊ ȭ ȏȕȐȡȐȊ ȊȍȒșȍȓȭ ȊȐȗȐșȈȕȭ ȕȈȠȐȔȐ ȋȘȭȝȈȔȐ ǴȐ ȕȭȒȖȓȐ ȕȍ ȏțȔȭȓȐ ȉ șȗȓȈȚȐȚȐ ȕȈȠȭ ȉȖȘȋȐ ȧȒȉȐ ȕȈȔ ȕȈ ȌȖȗȖȔȖȋț ȕȍ ȗȘȐȑȠȓȈ DZȖȋȖ ǩȖȎȍșȚȊȍȕȕȈ ȗȘȐȝȐȓȤȕȭșȚȤ ǷȖȊȍȘȕȍȕȕȧ ȌȖ ȞȐȝ ȗȘȖȊȐȕ ȉȈȎȈȕȕȧ ȏȈȕȖȊȖ ȊȐ27