Charge N' Relax Hub _ Electric Charging Hub _ Thesis Project

CHARGE

N’

In recent years, interest in electric vehicles (E V ) has increased among the general public, the government, and the academic world The exceptional benefits that EVs have over conventional inner-combustion vehicles, such as their (1) comfort, (2) economy, and (3) cleanness, have led to their growing popularity

RELAX HUB

The place where you charge your EV and yourself

INTRODUCTION

The majority of the automobiles in Nepal's roadways are expected to be electric within the next ten years It seems to be clear that electric vehicles will be a major feature of the urban landscape But roughly a very small number of public charging stations have been established only in the urban context of Nepal Therefore, the major factor driving the growth of the EV market is charging stations

The charging station's serviceability is another important consideration which would have an impact on how EV vehicles are lined up Although being faster than at home, charging at charging stations might still take a considerable amount of time Because of this, excessive wait times at charging stations may prevent the adoption of EVS

Significant air pollution has been brought on by automobiles' usage of fossil fuels, particularly in metropolitan areas By switching to electric vehicles, this problem would be considerably eased because water would be produced from energy use rather than carbon dioxide from burning fossil

PROJECT INTRODUCTION

PROBLEM STATEMENT

There is pollution in this area, particularly air pollution brought on by the constant, heavy traffic that surrounds us As a result, the government is attempting to introduce clean EVs as an alternatives

The first obstacle that needs to be overcome by the government in order for EVs to be introduced successfully is the building of charging stations In addition to the financial issue, there are other factors that are significantly more crucial and urgent The status of the traffic is one of these factors Planning for charging stations requires thorough research

PROJECT JUSTIFICATION

Nepal is perfectly positioned for a complete transition to clean transportation and could serve as a model for the rest of the world The transition is occurring gradually, and it is only a matter of time before Nepal obtains self-sufficiency and becomes a carbon-neutral country As a result, charging stations aid in reducing range anxiety in Nepal, where journey time is long but distance is small As a result, we must strategically place charging stations on roads and in cities to ensure that distance is never an issue

METHODOLOGY

The topic of what to do while charging EVs, therefore, comes after the charging station is constructed This thesis proposal, which is intended to complete a portion of the requirements for a Bachelor of Architecture, focuses on designing a "EV Charging Hub and Experience Center" This relates to creating a hub where anyone who access the site can charge both their electric vehicles and themselves The ideal answer for a charging station will be to build a hub that serves as a commercial hub by providing various programs for users at their stopping point, such as a cafeteria, motel, workshops, showroom, supermarket, open playful space, recreational area, theatre, etc

PROJECT OBJECTIVES

• Address range anxiety by eliminating the fear of charging stop.

• To create a stopping point in the long road trips, in the city for EVs so that EV users experience this extraordinary facility that’s never been built in Nepal.

• Rethink EV charging infrastructure from the ground up, instead of adapting existing, infrastructure.

• Make something amazing happen for Nepal.

• Make a hub of Electric charging station fusing with EV workshops, Display areas, Motels, supermarkets, cafeteria, kiosk, open playful space, theater and more.

LIMITATIONS

Disturbanceto ElectricSupply Problem to Operate all Seasons Process Parking Issues User Experience Leading The Business Downhill

ADVANTAGES OF CHARGING STATION

▪ No fuel, no emission: Electric Vehicle is Carbon-neutral thus no greenhouse gas emissions.

▪ Low running costs: Using electricity instead of gas to power your car is cheaper and more efficient.

▪ Low maintenance: Fewer maintenance requirements and low maintenance cost.

▪ Health benefits: No carbon footprints means less health problems.

▪ Environmental friendly: In Nepal’s context, transformation from ICE to electric vehicle is entirely end to end green cycle

▪ Trade deficit: Nepal spent approx. Rs. 200 billion last year in importing petrol (40% of import bill), diesel and gas, widening the country’s already yawning trade deficit.

▪ Short and long distance: Charging stations ease range anxiety issues in Nepal as travel time is long and distance is short

CHARGING STATION

A Charging Station, similar to a gas station, provides energy to charge the batteries of 'electric vehicles ' A charging station, also known as an EV charger or Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE), is a piece of equipment that provides electricity for charging electric vehicles (including hybrids, neighborhood electric vehicles, trucks, buses, and others)

Although batteries can only be charged with direct current (DC), most electric vehicles have an onboard AC-to-DC converter that allows them to be plugged into a standard household alternating current (AC) electrical receptacle

To allow for higher power charging, which necessitates much larger AC-to-DC converters, the converter is built into the charging station rather than the vehicle, and the station supplies pre-converted DC power directly to the vehicle, bypassing the vehicle's onboard converter These are referred to as "DC charging stations "

SITE SELECTION STRATEGY

ACCESSIBILITY

Indicators: Visibility, access from major roads and local roads, 24x7 access

Various Charging Process

UTILIXATION

Indicators: Population and employment densities, traffic volumes, point of interest, transit station

Key Principles For a Location Planning Framework

COST Indicators: Cost of EVSE, land and power supply connection

EV CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE TYPES

In general, the governance of EV charging infrastructure is determined by its ownership and use EV charging infrastructure can be broadly classified as public, semi-public, or private

PRIVATE CHARGING

Usage: Dedicated charging for personal EV or EV fleet owned by one entity

Locations: Independent homes, dedicated parking land availability

CHARGING

Charging Layout For Off- Street Public Parking

CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE INSTALLATION WITH 6 CHARGERS

2 nos. DC chargers-1 x 25 kW

4 nos. AC chargers- 1 x 3.3 kW (industrial socket)

4 EV parking bays-

2.5m x 5m each

2 bays for e-cars, 2 bays for e-scooters/e-autos

Charging Layout For On- Street Public Parking

CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE INSTALLATION WITH 6 CHARGERS

2 nos. AC charger- 1 x 7.4 kW (Type 2 connector)

4 nos. AC chargers- 1 x 3 kW (industrial socket)

6 EV on-street parking bays

2 nos. e-car bays- 2.5m x 5.5m

4 nos. e-scooter bays- 2.5m x 1.4m

CHARGING METHODS

The supply of direct current (DC) to the battery pack is required for EV charging Because electricity distribution systems supply alternating current (AC), a converter is required to provide direct current (DC) power to the battery AC and DC charging are further subdivided into four charging modes, with Modes 1-3 for AC charging and Mode 4 for DC charging Modes 1 and 2 are used to connect an EV to a standard socket outlet via a cable and plug Mode 1 also known as dumb charging, allows no communication between the EV and the EVSE and is not recommended for use The portable cable used in Mode 2 has built-in protection and control and is typically used for charging at home Modes 3 and 4 have improved control systems and are used for commercial or public charging because they use a separate charger device to supply power to the EV

Charging Port Types

DIFFERENT TYPES OF EVs

PUBLIC CHARGING

Usage: Open for all EV users.

Locations: Public parking lots, on-street parking, charging plazas, petrol pumps, highways, metro stations

SEMI-PUBLIC CHARGING

Usage: Shared charging for a restricted set of EV

users

Locations: Apartment complexes, office campuses, gated communities, shopping malls, hospitals, universities, government buildings, etc

Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)

Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV)

CHARGING PORT LAYOUT PLAN

There are many possible arrangements and designs for EVSE installations, depending on the parking area layout, availability of power, and other site considerations

PERPENDICULAR CHARGING PORT

Wall Mounted Charging Port

WALL MOUNTED CHARGING PORT

It is typically the most cost-effective means of providing charging equipment if the parking area configuration allows for this Installation costs are reduced by eliminating pedestal mounts and by allowing shorter conduit runs along building walls

The majority of workplace and public EV charging will be located in parking lots with perpendicular parking for employees, visitors, and customers.

Perpendicular Charging Port

PARALLEL CHARGING PORT

Numerous locations with the potential to accommodate parallel parking along highway rights-of-way may make ideal locations for EV charging

CHARGING PORT STANDARDS

Following many standards in global market, Charging Port dimension ranges from 60 inches (1 5 meter) to 86 inches (2 2 meter)

WORKSHOP STANDARDS

To design a mechanical workshop, it is necessary to organize “mechatronic” activities (mechanic-motorist and electrician) or include additional spaces where further activities are to be carried out

MechanicalWorkshopZoning

CAFETERIA STANDARDS

Cafeteria is a place of business where employees prepare and serve drinks and foods to customers in exchange for payment. Planning should be done to allow for a variety of seating arrangements.

CafeteriaFlowDiagram

In primary space planning, "rules of thumb" for determining the area requirements of the restaurant is:

• Dining room: 60% of total area

• Kitchen, cooking, storage, etc. 4550% of total area (storage and ancillary: 1.5-2 times of kitchen)

Differentparkinglayouts

Turningradiusforvehicularcirculation

ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS

The administrative office building incorporates a number of space types to meet the needs of staff and visitors These include: ▪ Reception room

MotelFlowDiagram

OUTDOOR SPACES

Open space design, as an integral part of urban design, is the art of relationship The duty is therefore to explore new, hidden relationships or strengthen existing ones that provide a visual urban experience, unveiling the values and characteristics of the specific place to the

SUPERMARKET STANDARDS

Architecturally, the mart is a medium scale emporium of merchandise that doesn't have to shout to be noticed New, free-standing mart average 22,700 sq ft to 31, 000 sq ft with 75 to 80 percent of the total store devoted to selling space and the remaining 20 to 25 percent of floor space devoted to service areas such as storage coolers, prepackaging areas, grocery storage, etc

Estimatingdiningareaspaceforfood servicefacilities:

MOTEL STANDARDS

A motel, also known as a motor hotel is a hotel designed for motorists, usually having each room entered directly from the parking area for motor vehicles

Motels are typically constructed in an "I"-, "L"-, or "U"-shaped layout that includes guest rooms; an attached manager's office; a small reception; and in some cases, a small diner and a swimming pool

ALEKTRIFY CHARGING STATION, INDIA

General Information:

Site area: 5,914 sq m

• Shape: rectangular in shape

• Zoning: specialized center zone for 96 charging port and the vehicles

Key Features Includes:

• Truss covered bay of charging ports with ample spaces.

• Administration offices.

• Sub- station area.

• Store spaces.

• Workshop and maintenance spaces.

• Guard room

• 30’-0” wide entrance.

BALLINA HIGHWAY SERVICE CENTER, AUSTRALIA

The proposed kiosk site will be in the Service Centre court It is located on the Far North Coast Region of South Wales Access to the Highway Service Centre will via a direct Pacific Highway off-ramp

Site Information:

• Site area area of 17 02 ha 75,150 sq m (7 515 hectare)

• Shape - rectangular in shape, with a curved western boundary The only easement affecting the subject land is an easement for

It Is Comprised Of 6 Buildings Including:

• Car and truck service station and FastFood Outlet (Building A)

• Truck Service Centre and Fast-Food Outlet (Building B)

Architectural Character

• The charging station has four blocks on the northern side of the site and all blocks are rectangular shape with simple design

• Long 3 rows bay of truss covered charging ports are centrally located on the site

• Sufficient space for the circulation of vehicles

AlektrifyChargingStation

AlektrifyChargingStationPlanning

SORTIMO INNOVATION PARK, GERMANY

General Information:

• Approximately 35,000 m² site

• Covered area of the funnel-shaped structures: ca 400 m²

• Covered area of the bottom roof: ca 1600 m²

• Architect: KE Alm (Firm)

• Completion: 2021

SortimoInnovationPark,Germany

Key Features Includes:

• Spaces for recreation while waiting.

• Workspaces with stations to connect computers.

• Meeting offices and conference rooms for events or conferences.

• Bakery

• Amazon parcel station

• Mart

• Public toilets

• Workshop

• Shopping and dining areas.

• Public toilets.

• Green Roof

BallinaHighwayServiceCenterPlanning

• Auto Repair Centre (Building C)

• Regional Expo Centre (Building D)

• Service Centre and Food Outlet (Building E) and Fast Food Restaurants (Buildings F)

SIDDHARTHA FUEL STATION, BHAKTAPUR

This Siddhartha Fuel Station's site selection was a major problem It is situated close to a roundabout with heavy traffic and lags the necessary distances from the highway so that any vehicles obstructing traffic are easily seen

MapshowingvehicularobstructioninSiddharthapetrolpump

Siddharthafuelstationvehicularflowobstruction

Siddharthafuelstationvehicularflowobstructionaerialview

DHOBY GHAUT MRT STATION, SINGAPORE

Dhoby Ghaut MRT station is an underground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) interchange station on the North South, North East and Circle lines in Singapore

The Dhoby Ghaut MTR Station features several amenities for peoples engagement

• Parklane Shopping Mall

• Peace Centre

• Dhoby Ghaut Green

• Ji Hotel Orchard Singapore

• Singapore Shopping Centre

• The Istana and Istana Park

Chargingpods withgreenroof

LUMBINI EV CHARGING STATION, LUMBINI

Nepal’s first electric vehicle charging station has opened in Lumbini The charging station housed 16 vehicle chargers, 13 normal chargers and three quick chargers

• Plaza Singapura

• Art Gallery, etc

MapshowingDhobyGhautMRTStationwithvariousamenities

Architectural Character

• The entrance with guard house leads to the large rows of charging ports in the gap of 3m

• 10m vehicles circulation routes

• Solar plant and the control room is 600m away

PlazaSpace ArtWorkDisplay Openarea&amphitheater Shoppingmalls

REST STOP, TAYALGHAR, NAUBISE

TAYALGHAR

This rest stop provides insight into the needs of the general public and the types of activities they engage in People traveling by car stop at Tayalghar to take in the scenery of the greenery, use the restroom, eat some snacks, etc

MapshowingreststopatTayalghar,Naubise

CaféatTayalghar

ViewfromTayalghar,Naubise

LumbiniEvchargingstationwith3types ofcharger

LumbiniEVcharging stationflowdiagram

SITE CONTEXT (CURRENT USE)

The site is government owned land of Satanchuli Samudayik Ban The site lies in the border of Satanchuli Samudayik Ban and has a public highway currently There is around 70,000 square meter barren land of which the proposed program is to use about 17 000 sq m

easily accessible and clearly visible from the site entrance

Provide ample space for vehicle circulation

Demarcate the parking spaces reserved for EV charging with sinage

Ensure charging area is secured against theft.

SITE INFORMATION -

• Location- Ramnagar Chitwan

• Altitude- 415 m

• Site Area- 14,850 sq m

• Site Orientation- NE-SW

• Topography- Flat Land in inner terai

LAWS -

Set Back= 3 5 m from the highway

SAMUDAYIK BAN

PROGRAMMATIC DATA

Wishthere is EV Charging Stationnearby

will there be a spot nearby thisroadtorelax/

toooomuchtired travellingtheselong distance

DESIGN IDEA

Creating a stop point near highway area which acts as a common hub for peoples travelling through that highway Letting many of them get into a single platform with various amenities

Ordinay Highway directing travelers towards their destination.

Path makes a loop to create a stopping point.

LOOP OF WHAT

CHARGING STATION

WITH WHAT

THE BRANCHING LOOP

VARIOUS AMENITIES

The shape of the internal road derived from the division of the major and minor axis and site offset

• Analyzing the site and identifying its shape in order to determine the location of the major and minor axes as well as the central point

• Three elliptical shapes are formed around the site perimeter, originating from the central point

Extended the central portion in the y-axis to enlarge it to fit amenities in the central portion of the site

Enlarged the central portion in the x-axis to respect the shape of the site while fitting all the functions within

• Curvilinear access is formed along the drop of zone in the site

• Multiple amenity placements are positioned along the same axis, following the LOOP

PROGRAMMATIC DATA

• Major Vehicular access is created along the OFF Zone from the major and minor axis of the site

• Charging area Is created along the same axis

• Different points along the same pathway feature various amenities with differing volumes

• Using the "LOOP" concept, several dispersed amenities are connected along the same pathway with the assistance of a charging area truss

• Incorporating green space throughout the site to create a harmonious connection between the blocks

• The final volume on the site, including various elements and openings

2. EV GALLERY

3. CONVENIENCE STORE

4. CAFETERIA

5. INNER COURTYARD

Reg. No: 022600-17