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CONTENT 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction 1.1 Project Title / Project Information 1.2 Location 1.3 Dates: Inception, Planning and implementation 1.4 Scope: Site/s with areas, project components 1.5 Owners/ Clients 1.6 All consultants, developers, implementing agencies
2. Urban Design Definition 2.1 Concise Definition 2.2 Elaboration of Urban Design Definition 3. Context and Opportunity 3.1 Socio Economic Context 3.2 Urban Development context in which the project is visualized. 3.3 Urban Design opportunity the project is looking for. 4. Project Proposal 4.1 Project Brief and Design concept 4.2 Design Strategy 4.3 Complete Design- Structure plan/ Master Plan/ Urban Design Plan 4.4 Implementation Strategy- Finance model, Legal Framework, Physical Plan 4.5 Process and Implementation- Phasing Plans 5. Actual Realization on site 5.1 Realization period and present status 5.2 Recent photographs with supporting drawings 6. Analysis and Critical Appraisal 6.1 Holistic understanding of the project 7. Bibliography
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 1.0 INTRODUCTION I would like to thanks Prof. P V K Rameshwar for framing out the basic idea behind before undertaking a project to study, understand and critically analyze. Thanks to Prof. Rajeev Kadam and Umesh Shurpali for their constant guidance and feedbacks. Thanks to all the people associated with the various organizations. Thanks to Naidunia press, Indore for providing me permission to access their library. Thanks to Ar. Himanshu Dudwadkar for providing me data I needed. Thanks to my friend Prasanth for his advice and help. And special thanks to Arpit for motivating me. This report would not have been complete without the help, support and motivation of my family Maa ,Pappa and Dada.
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Title Rajwada Palace, Square and its Precinct.
1.2 Location Locate in the heart of the city, Indore (Madhya Pradesh)
1.3 Important Dates Executed in year 1747, it was in burnt in year1802,1834 &1984. In 1976 it was declared a monument & Restored in 2006.
1.4 Scope 1.5 Owner/ Clients Built by Holkars Kings and Owned by MP Archaeology, Bhopal Directorate of Archaeology, Archives and Museums.
Source: Flickr.com Photo copyright to Faizan Khan
1.6 All Consultants, Developers, Implementing agencies Peshwa Bajirao got a sanad of khasgi jagir executed with the permission of Chhatrapati Shahu in the name of Gautama Bai Holkar the first wife of Malhar Rao Holkar in 1734 A.D. In which Indore, along with many villages of Malwa and Khandesh was included. After obtaining the khasgi jagir Malhar Rao Holkar constructed the Rajwada around 1747 A.D.
Source: Flickr.com Photo copyright to Faizan Khan
2.0 URBAN DESIGN DEFINATION 2.1 Concise Definition The Urban Design in this project was an deliberate attempt to build an administrative centre with the creation of public space in the fore court. The Palace and the square was once the centre of all trading activities. The inner court was the venue of all state and religious functions. From the medieval era to present time the square is a city level public realm.
Aerial View of Rajwada Palace and Square, Indore(M.P) *Photo Credit- Mr. Bhalu Mondhe
3.0 AND OPPORTUNITY 1.0 CONTEXT INTRODUCTION
Juni Indore
Location of M.P in map of India. *Source- wikipedia
Location of Indore in map of Madhya Pradesh. *Source- wikipedia Regional Location Map of Indore *Source- Drawn by Author
3.1 Socio Economic Context
Evolution Map of Indore. *Source- Drawn by Author
The River Khan determined the growth of the city. If we look at the maps of Indore and they would tell us that the Fort, the Palaces with large gardens, the Cenotaps, the Residency, and several other structures of merit were built along the river of close. The „Juni Indur‟ or the „Old Indore‟ in fact prospered in a triangular land wedge that came to be formed where river Khan branched out into Pimpliya drain. Located here is Indreshwara temple- the oldest shrine at Indore, believed to have been named on its original patron- the Rashtrakuta king Indra III of the 10th C. The Shiva temple was restored by Subedar Malhar Rao in 1741, in whose time Indore was an existing trading post and a camping site for guerrilla activities. It was this temple that gave Indore her name, and the Juni Indur came around. However, with the decision of establishing the aristocracy, the historical confusion trailed once again.
Rajwada
Juni Indore
Rajwada Palace and its Square . *Source- Indore Nagar- ek jalak
This one desired to distinguish the past from the present, and the new city with the Rajwada or the royal palace as the gaddi or the seat of the Holkar dynasty was thus founded on the opposite bank of river Khan. Right in the face of the older counterpart! Malhar Rao tried to rubberstamp the city as Malharnagari but the old name was not to call quits. A vivid and an almost architecturally complete picture of the two cities (the old and the new), emerges immediately in the following extract from the State Gazetteer: “The city is divided into two main divisions- Old Indore, and the modern city with its continually spreading suburbs. The main thoroughfare leads across the Khan river into the great square in front of the palaces, and the remaining streets are poor and narrow”. No buildings have special claims to architecture, the most striking being the old palace, but many houses are adorned with fine wood-carving. Outside the city proper, on the western side of the railway, lie the cotton-mill, the new town hall, and the State officer‟s club; while to the east a new quarter known as Tukoganj is being opened out, containing the official residences of State officers and other houses.
Evolution Map of Indore. *Source- Drawn by Author
Rajwada was also known as Religious and Cultural Center
3.0 AND OPPORTUNITY 1.0 CONTEXT INTRODUCTION 3.2 Urban Development context in which the project is visualized. Already existing Trade route to Ujjain
Towards Juni Indore Rajwada
A PREMEDITATED FORM
THE INHERENT GRID
Juni Indore
Evolution Map of Indore. *Source- Drawn by Author
THE PHYSICAL MANIFESTATION
The most important event of this period which influence the growth of the city was location and construction of Rajwada quite a distance from Juni Indore, the then important area of the town. This shifted importance of the city to this area and new developments started humming with commercial activities.
Town in 1750
Town in 1850
Town in 1940
Town in 1960
Town in 1900
Town in 1920
3.0 AND OPPORTUNITY 1.0 CONTEXT INTRODUCTION 3.3 Urban Design opportunity the project is looking for. Rajwada, almost a pictogram of Indoreâ€&#x;s heritage would be known to anybody. Malhar Rao Holkar I started its construction in the year 1747. The old palace was a vast walled mansion distinguished by a lofty seven storied gateway, and both mansion and gateway were built in the style of the town-house of western India, the wada. The palace was destroyed in 1801 by a general of the Scindias, who also plundered the famous Sarafa bazaar- associated widely today with Malwaâ€&#x;s food culture, and razed all houses of any importance. Soon after, the capital migrated. It was the treaty of Mandsaur signed with the British in 1818 which proved a turning point. Indore once again became the capital of the Holkars. The palace was reconstructed and there was a surge in stately construction.
Rajwada Palace and its Square . *Source- Indore Nagar- ek jalak
As we enter the impressive entrance-archway, it leads us to a central courtyard with the arcaded Darbar Hall called the Ganesha Hall. This was used in earlier days for all state and religious functions. Among these were the investiture ceremonies of the kings, the royal procession of Dussehra which would commence from the fort and proceed to Dussehra ground with palanquin of Malhari Martand on elephants, and also the Moharram procession during which the Maharaja would ride to Karbala along with an eleven storey Tazia of the Holkar state. The interiors of Rajwada are adorned with fine wall-paintings in the oil medium, depicting Hindu gods and goddesses decorated in the meticulous attires of the Maharajas and Maharanis while the laity is dressed up as Darbaris.
4. PROPOSAL 1.0PROJECT INTRODUCTION 4.1 Project Brief and Design concept The Project is an set up an Administrative building with an urban square in forecourt. Surrounded by the commercial activities on the ground floor and residential on upper floor . The square and its garden is actively used by citizen in a whole day and specially on major festivals and on any pubic events. Area of Rajwada including the square is 6175 meter square.
4.2 Design Strategy Its strategic location makes it functional and from where the city started growing
4.3 Complete Design- Structure plan/ Master Plan/ Urban Design Plan Already existing Trade route to Ujjain
*Source: Vintage Indore
Towards Juni Indore
A PREMEDITATED FORM
THE INHERENT GRID
4.4 Implementation Strategy- Finance model, Legal Framework, Physical Plan Around 4 lakhs were spend for the construction of Rajwada in year 1747.
Moharann Celebration *Source: Vintage Indore
Plan of Rajwada Chowk *Source – Design Cell- Architect. Himashu Dudwadkar
*Source – Design Cell- Architect. Himashu Dudwadkar
4. PROPOSAL 1.0PROJECT INTRODUCTION 4.5 Process and Implementation- Phasing Plans
Two- Wheeler ParkingTange walaâ€&#x;s
Google Earth Plan-Feb 2001 *Source- Google Earth
4. PROPOSAL 1.0PROJECT INTRODUCTION 4.5 Process and Implementation- Phasing Plans
Google Earth Plan-Feb 2006 *Source- Google Earth
*Source: Apna Indore, Naidunia.
*Source: Apna Indore, Naidunia.
In year 2006, Rajwada square was re-designed by engulfing the road between the Palace and the garden and making it one big central garden for pubic.
4. PROPOSAL 1.0PROJECT INTRODUCTION 4.5 Process and Implementation- Phasing Plans
Tange walaâ€&#x;s Bus Stop
Rajwada Palace
Gopal Mandir
Google Earth Plan-Feb 2012 *Source- Google Earth
Rajwada Square
Rajwada square
Today, we can see the Rajwada Palace and its square as the most dynamic place of the city with mixed use around the square and near by area as the main commercial business district of the city. The central garden is actively used by the citizens in the whole day. The square is surrounded by commercial activities on the ground floor and residence on the upper floors.
Hawkers on the other side of the Rajwada *Source: Author
5. ACTUAL REALISATION ON THE SITE 1.0 INTRODUCTION
Rajwada during Rangpanchami
Tange Wala and Auto Stand
Aerial View of Rajwada Palace,Square And its Precinct *Photo Credit- Mr. Bhalu Mondhe
C i t y
B u s
T i c k e t
C o u n t e r
a n d
H a w k e r s
Indore(M.P)
a r o u n d
B u s
S t o p .
Inner court of Rajwada Palace now used for art exhibitions and classical music concerts.
5. ACTUAL REALISATION ON THE SITE 1.0 INTRODUCTION
Rajwada
Ara Bazzar
Sarafa Bohraa Bazaar
Juni Indore
Ara Bazzar
Plan showing the specialized bazaars *Source- Drawn by Author
Rajwada
Sarafa Bazzar
Sarafa Bohraa Bazaar
It deals with the trading of diamond gold and silver items. The retail shop size in this market is rages between 6 – 35sqm. The size of wholesale shop ranges from 20 – 40sqm.
Juni Indore
Plan showing the specialized bazaars *Source- Drawn by Author
5. ACTUAL REALISATION ON THE SITE 1.0 INTRODUCTION
Rajwada
Kasera Bazzar
Sarafa Bohraa Bazaar
Juni Indore
Kasera Bazzar
Cloth Market, Indore *Source: Author
Plan showing the specialized bazaars *Source- Drawn by Author
In 1728, the chief of the Marathas, Bajirao Peshwa, granted Holakr State to Malhar Rao. He ruled the state from 1728 to 1766. During this period development was primarily for military and commercial development was incidental. In 1818 the capital was . shifted from Maheshwar to Indore, though the proposal was initiated by Rani Ahilya Bai, daughter in law of Malhar Rao. Ara Bazar functioned as an important market place for a quite a long time. Important localities which came in early Holakrs period, were Chhatri Bagh,State bungalows of Juna Mali now known as Moti Tabela housing collectrate, Gadi Khana, Malhar Mohalla, Zambur Khana, Ara Bazar, Old Palace, Palcae Garden now occupies Shiv Vilas Palace, River Ghats etc. Malhar Rao gave a new image to the city by building important state buildings like Government offices, Law courts, State Mills, Lla Bagh Palace.
6. ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL APPRAISAL 1.0 INTRODUCTION 6.1 Holistic project
understanding
of
the
•The Administrative and the religious centre co-existed to constitute the core. •The royal palace formed the generator of the urban organization. •Imposed order in terms of ordering principles of the imperial and the religious, structured movement patterns and fortification. •Coming up of street bazaars along the axis of religious institutions and the political power emphasized the city core. •Accretive growth within the imposed order. •Development of specialized spaces for various crafts, specialized bazaars and mohallas based on caste and occupation was manifested by the allocation of space.
Rajwada and its square during 18th century
•Pattern of meandering streets is seen in a sequential branching pattern •Creation of a public space in the fore-court of the administrative, religious or connecting the two.
Rajwada and its square during 19th century *Source: Vintage Indore
Rajwada and its square during 21st century *Source: Author
7. 1.0BIBLIOGRAPHY INTRODUCTION 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Geddes, Patrick. “Town Planning towards City Development”, Part I and II, Holkar State Printing Press, Indore, 1918 “Indore Development Plan”, Town and Country Planning, Bhopal (M.P) “Indore City Development Plan “, Indore Municipal Corporation, Technical Support Mehta and Associates, Indore Indore Nagar, ek jalak Indore Rajya Gazetteer 1909 and 1939 Apna Indore Dar, S.N. “Indore and its vicinities” Gate,Smita, Jain, Hemant , Yadav, Ramesh. “The Vintage Indore”, Commissioner, Archaeology, Archives and Museum, Government of Madhya Pradesh, 2009
Papers: 1. Mishra, Soma. “Urban Transformation of Indore”. 2. Jain, Jinisha. “Building anecdotes from princely past”, Insite story 3. Naidunia Newspaper, 02. June. 2012