Lesson 3 arabic pronouns

LESSON 3 ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ‫مائ ْر‬ Pronouns ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َ‫مائر املُنْف‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Detached Pronouns

I am a student.

ٌ ‫أَنَا ﻃﹷﺎﻟﹻ‬ ‫ﺐ‬

She is a student.

ِ ‫هيَ طَالِبَ ٌة‬

He is a cook.

‫خ‬ ٌ َ ‫ُه َو طَبَّا‬

She is a cook.

Her daughter is hardworking, ma shaa' Allah.

My school is beautiful, ma shaa’ Allah.

Our son is hardworking, ma shaa’ Allah.

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َ‫مائر املُنْف‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Detached Pronouns

َ ‫ِهيَ طَبَّا‬ ‫خ ٌة‬ ‫ ما شآء اهلل‬،ٌ‫ِبنْتُ َها ﻣﹹﺠﺘَﻬﹻ َﺪة‬

‫ ما شآء اهلل‬،‫جمي َل ٌة‬ َ ‫س ِتي‬ َ ‫م ْد َر‬ َ ‫ ما شآء اهلل‬،ٌ‫ابنُنَا ﻣﹹﺠﺘَﻬﹻﺪ‬

ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ‫مائ ُر‬ ِ َّ ‫املُت‬ ‫ص َلة‬ Attached Pronouns

ِ ِّ ‫ُه َو ُم َعلمي‬ He is my teacher.

ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ‫مائ ْر‬ Pronouns can be classified according to: ‫ا ْل َكال ُم‬ CONVERSATION

‫ا ْلجِنْس‬ GENDER ‫ا ْل َع َد ُد‬ NUMBER

‫ْاملُت َ َك ِّل ْم‬

َ ُ ‫ْامل‬ ‫ب‬ ُ َ‫خاط‬

ِ ‫ا ْل َغ‬ ‫ب‬ ْ ‫ائ‬

First Person

Second Person

Third Person

‫ْاملُذَ َّك ُر‬

‫ث‬ ُ ‫ْامل ُ َؤ َّن‬

Masculine

Feminine

‫املُفْ َر ُد‬

‫ْاملُثَنَّى‬

ُ‫الجمع‬ ْ

Singular

Dual

Plural

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ‫مائ ُر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬

ِ َ‫مائ ُر املُنْف‬ ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬

Attached Pronouns

Attached to Attached to

Nouns Prepositions

Detached Pronouns CONVERSATION

‫ا ْل َكال ُم‬

ِ ‫غ‬ َ ‫ا ْل‬ ‫ب‬ ْ ‫ائ‬

َ ُ ‫امل‬ ْ ‫ب‬ ُ َ‫خاط‬

ْ ‫املُتَ َك ِّل ْم‬

GENDER

Attached to

Verbs

‫ا ْلجِنْس‬

‫ْاملُذَ َّك ُر‬

‫ث‬ ُ ‫ْامل ُ َؤ َّن‬

‫ْاملُذَ َّك ُر‬

Feminine

Masculine

Feminine

Masculine

‫ا ْل َع َد ُد‬

She

He

(Female)

You

You

I

‫مفْ َر ْد‬ ُ

ِ َ‫هي‬

ُ َ‫هو‬

ِ ْ‫أَن‬ ‫ت‬

َ ْ‫أَن‬ ‫ت‬

‫أَنَا‬

You(two)

You(two)

NUMBER

Attached to

‫ث‬ ُ ‫ْامل ُ َؤ َّن‬

Singular They(two)

‫مثَنَّى‬ ُ Dual

‫ج ْمع‬ َ Plural

They(two)

(2 Females)

ُ ‫ه َما‬ They all ( Females)

ُ ‫ه َّن‬

(2 Females)

ُ ‫ه َما‬

‫أَنْتُ َما‬

‫أَنْتُ َما‬

They all

You all

You (all)

‫أَنْتُـ َّن‬

‫أَنْتُ ْم‬

ُ ‫ه ْم‬

( Females)

We

‫نَحْ ُن‬

ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ِ ‫مائ ُر لِ ْل ُمتَ َك ِّلم‬ First person Pronouns

‫مفْ َر ْد‬ ُ

Singular

‫ج ْمع‬ َ

Plural

I

‫أَنَا‬

We

‫ح ُن‬ ْ َ‫ن‬

ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ِ ‫مائ ُر لِ ْل ُمتَ َك ِّلم‬ First person Pronouns

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َ‫مائر املُنْف‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ

Singular

Plural

‫أَنَا‬

‫ح ُن‬ ْ َ‫ن‬

I

We

Detached Pronouns

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ

‫ـي‬

‫ـنَا‬

You/Yours

You (all)

‫لِي‬

‫َلنَا‬

For/to me

For/to us

Attached Pronouns

Examples:

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ

ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ِ ‫مائ ُر لِ ْل ُمتَ َك ِّلم‬

Attached Pronouns

First person Pronouns MY book

Attached to

Attached to

Nouns

Prepositions

Attached to

Attached to

‫ي = ِكتَا ِبي‬

Book

ِ َ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ + ‫اب‬ ٌ

For/to me

I

For/to

‫ِلي‬

= ‫ ي‬+

‫لِـ‬

Indeed I

I

Indeed

‫إِنَّي‬ Verbs

I

= ‫ي‬

+ ‫إِ َّن‬

ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ِ ‫مائ ُر لِ ْل ُمتَ َك ِّلم‬ First person Pronouns

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Attached to

Nouns

My book

ِ َ ‫ِكت‬ ‫ابـي‬ My pen

‫َق َل ِمـي‬ My house

‫َب ْي ِتـي‬ My name

ِ ‫اس‬ ‫مـي‬ ْ

My

Book

= ‫ ـي‬+ ‫اب‬ ٌ َ ‫ِكت‬ My

Pen

= ‫ ـي‬+ ‫َق َل ٌم‬ My

House

ٌ ‫َب ْي‬ = ‫ ـي‬+ ‫ت‬ My

Name

= ‫ ـي‬+ ‫اس ٌم‬ ْ

Me

ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ِ ‫مائ ُر لِ ْل ُمتَ َك ِّلم‬ First person Pronouns

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Attached to Prepositions

When the prepositions ‫َع َلى‬ ِ and ‫ إلى‬are attached to any pronoun, the

Alif Maqsura

is changed to letter

‫يـ‬

‫ى‬

On/upon me

َّ‫َع َلي‬

‫َع َلى‬ = ‫ ـي‬+ ‫ى‬

To me

َّ‫إِ َلي‬

= ‫ ـي‬+ ‫إِلى‬

With me

‫ِبـي‬

= ‫ ـي‬+

In me

َّ‫ِفـي‬

= ‫ ـي‬+ ْ‫ِفي‬

From me

‫ِمنِّي‬

= ‫ ـي‬+ ‫ِم ْن‬

To/for me

‫لِـي‬

= ‫ ـي‬+

From/about me

‫َعنِّي‬

= ‫ ـي‬+ ‫َع ْن‬

‫ِبـ‬

‫لِـ‬

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ

ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ِ ‫مائ ُر لِ ْل ُمتَ َك ِّلم‬

Attached Pronouns

First person Pronouns Our book

Attached to

Attached to

Nouns

Prepositions

Attached to

For/to Us

Us

For/to

‫َلنَا‬

= ‫ ـنَا‬+

‫لِـ‬

‫إِنَّنَا‬ Verbs

Book

ِ َ ‫ ـنَا = ِكتَابُنَا‬+ ‫اب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ٌ

Indeed We Attached to

Our

We

Indeed

= ‫ ـنَا‬+ ‫إِ َّن‬

ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ِ ‫مائ ُر لِ ْل ُمتَ َك ِّلم‬ First person Pronouns

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Attached to

Nouns

Our office

‫َم ْكت َ ُبنَا‬ Our pen

‫َق َل ُمـنَا‬ Our house

‫َب ْي ُتــنَا‬ Our name

‫اس ُمـنَا‬ ْ

Our

Office

= ‫ ـنَا‬+ ‫ب‬ ٌ َ ‫َم ْكت‬ Our

Pen

= ‫ ـنَا‬+ ‫َق َل ٌم‬ Our

House

ٌ ‫َب ْي‬ = ‫ ـنَا‬+ ‫ت‬ Our

Name

= ‫ ـنَا‬+ ‫اس ٌم‬ ْ

‫‪My office‬‬

‫َم ْكت َ ِبي‬

‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ‫م‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ٌ‬

‫‪My city‬‬

‫َم ِدين َ ِتي‬

‫‪Our office‬‬

‫‪Our city‬‬

‫َم ْكت َ ُبنَا‬

‫َم ِدينَتُنَا‬

‫‪My class‬‬

‫صلِي‬ ‫فَ ْ‬

‫ص ٌل‬ ‫فَ ْ‬

‫م ِدينَ ٌة‬ ‫َ‬

‫‪My garden‬‬

‫َح ِدي َق ِتي‬

‫‪Our class‬‬

‫‪Our garden‬‬

‫ص ُلنَا‬ ‫فَ ْ‬

‫َح ِدي َقتُنَا‬

‫ح ِدي َقة ٌ‬ ‫َ‬

ِ ‫الض‬ َّ ِ ‫مائ ُر لِ ْل ُمتَ َك ِّلم‬ First person Pronouns

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Attached to Prepositions

Us

On/upon us

‫َع َل ْينَا‬

‫َع َلى‬ = ‫ ـنَا‬+ ‫ى‬

To us

‫إِ َلينَا‬

= ‫ـنَا‬

+ ‫إِلى‬

With us

‫ِبـنَا‬

= ‫ـنَا‬

+

In us

‫ِفـينَا‬

= ‫ـنَا‬

+ ْ‫ِفي‬

From us

‫ِمنَّا‬

= ‫ـنَا‬

+ ‫ِم ْن‬

To/for us

‫َلنَا‬

= ‫ ـنَا‬+

From/about us

‫َعنَّا‬

= ‫ ـنَا‬+ ‫َع ْن‬

‫ِبـ‬

‫لِـ‬

ِ ْ‫ك لِنَف‬ ُ ِ‫مل‬ َ ‫ما‬ َ ‫سي نَفْ ًعا َو َال‬ ُ ‫شا َء اهللُ ۚ َو َلوْ ُك‬ ‫ع َل ُم‬ ْ َ ‫ُقل َّال أ‬ َ ‫ض ًّرا إِ َّال‬ ْ َ ‫نت أ‬ َ ‫ت ِم َن ا ْل‬ َ ‫ا ْل‬ ْ ِ‫السو ُء ۚ إ‬ ُ ‫ستَ ْكث َ ْر‬ ‫ن أَنَا إِ َّال نَ ِذي ٌر‬ َ‫س ِني‬ ُّ ْ ‫ب َال‬ َّ ‫م‬ َ ‫ما‬ َ ‫خيْ ِر َو‬ َ ْ‫غي‬ ِ َ‫َوب‬ َ ‫شي ٌر ِّل َقوْم ٍ يُؤ ِْمنُو‬ ‫ن‬ Say, "I hold not for myself [the power of] benefit or harm, except what Allah has willed. And if I knew the unseen, I could have acquired much wealth, and no harm would have touched me.

I am not except a warner and a bringer of good tidings to a people who believe."

Surat Al-'A`rāf (The Heights) - ‫سورة األعراف‬ 7:188

ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َّ ُ َ َ ‫ض‬ ‫ر‬ ‫األ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ل‬ ‫صلِ ُحو َن‬ ‫م‬ ‫ن‬ ُ ‫ح‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ف‬ ‫وا‬ ‫د‬ ‫س‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫َو إ‬ ‫ال‬ ‫يل‬ ‫ق‬ ُ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ ْ And when it is said to them, "Do not cause corruption on the earth," they say, "We are but reformers

Suratul-Baqarah (The Cow) - ‫سورة البقرة‬ 2:11

Translation of the interpretation of the meaning of the Ayaat

ِ َ ‫سي َوأ‬ ِ َ‫ني ا ْل َقوْم ِ ا ْلف‬ ِ ْ‫ك إِ َّال نَف‬ ُ ِ‫مل‬ َ ‫َق‬ َ ‫اس ِق‬ َ ْ َ‫خي ۖ فَافْ ُرقْ بَيْنَنَا َوب‬ ‫ني‬ ْ َ ‫ب إِنِّي َال أ‬ ِّ ‫ال َر‬ [Musa] said, "My Lord, indeed I do not possess except myself and my brother, so part us from the defiantly disobedient people."

Suratul-Maidah 5:25

ْ ‫منَّا فَا‬ َ ‫ا َّل ِذي َن يَ ُقو ُلو‬ ‫اب النَّا ِر‬ َ ‫غ ِف ْر َلنَا ذُنُوبَنَا َو ِقنَا‬ َ ‫ن َربَّنَا إِنَّنَا آ‬ َ َ‫عذ‬ Those who say, "Our Lord, indeed we have believed, so forgive us our sins and protect us from the punishment of the Fire,"

Surat 'Āli `Imrān (Family of Imran) - ‫سورة آل عمران‬ 3:16

Translation of the interpretation of the meaning of the Ayaat

َ ‫ُمذَ َّكر ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬ Masculine(2nd person pronouns)

ِ ِ َ‫خاط‬ َ ‫للم‬ َّ ‫ر‬ ‫مائ‬ ‫ب‬ ُ ُ ‫الض‬ Detached Pronouns

‫مفْ َر ْد‬ ُ

Singular ‫مثَنَّى‬ ُ

Dual ‫ج ْمع‬ َ

Plural

You

َ ْ‫أَن‬ ‫ت‬

You(two)

‫أَنْتُ َما‬

You (all)

‫أَنْتُ ْم‬

َ ‫ُمذَ َّكر ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬ Masculine(2nd person pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َ‫مائر املُنْف‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Detached Pronouns

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ

Dual

Plural

َ ْ‫أَن‬ ‫ت‬

‫أَنْتُ َما‬

‫أَنْتُ ْم‬

You

You(two)

You all

‫ـ ُك َما‬

‫ـ ُكم‬

Singular

َ ‫ـك‬

Attached Pronouns

Examples:

You/Yours

You/Yours(two)

َ ‫َل‬ ‫ك‬

‫َل ُكمَ ا‬

For you

For you(two)

You (all)

‫َل ُكم‬ For you all

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ

َ ‫ُمذَ َّكر ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬

Attached Pronouns

Masculine(2nd person pronouns)

Attached to

Nouns

Your book

‫َك = ِكتَا ُب َك‬ For/to you

Attached to

Prepositions

‫َل َك‬ Indeed you

‫إِنَّ َك‬

Attached to

Attached to

Verbs

Your

Book

+ ‫اب‬ ٌ َ ‫ِكت‬

Your

= ‫َك‬ Your

َ ‫ك‬ =

For/to

+

‫لِـ‬ Indeed

+ ‫إِ َّن‬

َ ‫ُمذَ َّكر ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬ Masculine(2nd person pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Attached to

Nouns

Your book

َ ‫ِكتَا ُبـ‬ ‫ـك‬ Your pen

Your

Book

َ + ‫اب‬ = ‫ـك‬ ٌ َ ‫ِكت‬ Your

Pen

َ + ‫َق َل ٌم‬ َ ‫ـك = َق َل ُم‬ ‫ـك‬ Your house

َ ُ ‫َب ْيت‬ ‫ـك‬ Your name

َ ‫اس ُم‬ ‫ـك‬ ْ

Your

House

ٌ ‫َب ْي‬ = ‫ـك‬ َ + ‫ت‬ Your

Name

َ + ‫اس ٌم‬ = ‫ـك‬ ْ

َ ‫ُمذَ َّكر ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬ Masculine(2nd person pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

(dual)

Your country

‫ ـ ُك َما = َب َل ُد ُك َما‬+

(plural)

Your pens

‫أ َ ْق َال ُم ُك ْم‬ (plural)

Your house

Attached to

Nouns

Country

Your

Your

= ‫ـ ُك ْم‬ Your

‫بَ َل ٌد‬ Pens

+ ‫أ َ ْق َال ٌم‬ House

ٌ ‫َب ْي‬ ‫ ـ ُك ْم = َب ْيتُـ ـ ُك ْم‬+ ‫ت‬ (plural)

Your names

‫س َما ُؤ ُك ْم‬ ْ َ‫أ‬

Your

Name

= ‫ ـ ُك ْم‬+ ‫اس ٌم‬ ْ

(plural)

Your children

‫أ َ ْو َال ُد ُك ْم‬

Your

Children

= ‫ ـ ُك ْم‬+ ‫أ َ ْو َال ٌد‬

You

َ ‫ُمذَ َّكر ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬

On/upon you

‫َع َل ْي َك‬

= ‫ـك‬ َ

+ ‫َع َلى‬

To you

‫إِ َل ْي َك‬

َ = ‫ـك‬

+ ‫إِلى‬

With you

‫ِب َك‬

َ + = ‫ـك‬

In you

‫ِف ْي َك‬

= ‫ـك‬ َ

From you

‫ِمن ْ َك‬

َ + ‫ِم ْن‬ = ‫ـك‬

To/for you

‫َل َك‬

َ + = ‫ـك‬

From/about you

‫َعن ْ َك‬

َ + ‫َع ْن‬ = ‫ـك‬

Masculine(2nd person pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Attached to

Prepositions

When the prepositions ‫َع َلى‬ ِ and ‫ إلى‬are attached to any pronoun, the

Alif Maqsura

is changed to letter

‫يـ‬

‫ى‬

‫ِبـ‬

+ ْ‫ِفي‬

‫لِـ‬

َ ‫ث ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬ ْ َّ‫ُم َؤن‬ Feminine 2nd person (pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َ‫خاط‬ َ ‫مائ ُر لِ ْل ُم‬ َّ ‫ب‬ Detached Pronouns

‫مفْ َر ْد‬ ُ

Singular ‫مثَنَّى‬ ُ

Dual ‫ج ْمع‬ َ

Plural

You

ِ ‫أ َ ْن‬ ‫ت‬

You(two)

‫أَنْت ُ َما‬

(Female)

(2 Females)

You all ( Females)

‫أَنْتُـ َّن‬

َ ‫ث ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬ ْ َّ‫ُم َؤن‬ Feminine 2nd person (pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َ‫مائر املُنْف‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Detached Pronouns

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ

Dual

Plural

ِ ْ‫أَن‬ ‫ت‬

‫أَنْت ُ َما‬

‫أَنْتُـ َّن‬

You

You(two)

You all

Singular

ِ ‫ـك‬

Attached Pronouns

Examples:

‫ـ ُك َما‬

You/Yours

You/Yours(two)

ِ ‫َل‬ ‫ك‬

‫َل ُكمَ ا‬

For you

For you(two)

‫ـ ُك َّن‬ You (all)

‫َل ُك َّن‬ For you all

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

َ ‫ث ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬ ْ َّ‫ُم َؤن‬ Feminine 2nd person (pronouns)

Your

Your

book

(Fe.)

Attached to

Nouns

ِ + ‫ِكتَاب‬ ِ‫ـك = ِكتَا ُبك‬ ٌ For/to you

Attached to

Prepositions

‫َل ِك‬ Indeed you

‫إِنَّ ِك‬

Attached to

Attached to

Verbs

Book

(Fe.)

(Fe.)

Your

(Fe.)

ِ + = ‫ـك‬ (Fe.)

Your (Fe.)

ِ = ‫ـك‬

For/to

‫لِـ‬ Indeed

+ ‫إِ َّن‬

َ ‫ث ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬ ْ َّ‫ُم َؤن‬ Feminine 2nd person (pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Attached to

Nouns

(Fe.)

Your book

ِ ‫ِكتَا ُبـ‬ ‫ـك‬ (Fe.)

Your pen

ِ ‫َق َل ُم‬ ‫ـك‬ (Fe.)

Your house

ِ ُ ‫َب ْيت‬ ‫ـك‬ (Fe.)

Your name

ِ ‫اس ُم‬ ‫ـك‬ ْ

Your

(Fe.)

Book

ِ + ‫اب‬ = ‫ـك‬ ٌ َ ‫ِكت‬ Your (Fe.)

Pen

ِ + ‫َق َل ٌم‬ = ‫ـك‬ Your

House

ِ + ‫ت‬ ٌ ‫َب ْي‬ = ‫ـك‬ Your

Name

ِ + ‫اس ٌم‬ = ‫ـك‬ ْ

Your (Fe.)

َ ‫ث ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬ ْ َّ‫ُم َؤن‬

On/upon you

‫َع َل ْي ِك‬

ِ = ‫ـك‬ + ‫َع َلى‬

To you

‫إِ َل ْي ِك‬

ِ ‫ـك‬ = + ‫إِلى‬

With you

‫ِب ِك‬

ِ + = ‫ـك‬

In you

‫ِف ْي ِك‬

ِ ‫ـك‬ = + ْ‫ِفي‬

From you

‫ِمن ْ ِك‬

ِ ‫ـك‬ = + ‫ِم ْن‬

To/for you

‫َل ِك‬

ِ + = ‫ـك‬

From/about you

‫َعن ْ ِك‬

ِ + ‫َع ْن‬ = ‫ـك‬

Feminine 2nd person (pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Attached to

Prepositions

‫ِبـ‬

‫لِـ‬

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َ‫خاط‬ َ ‫مائ ُر لِ ْل ُم‬ َّ ‫ب‬ (Detached) Pronouns for 2nd person

EXAMPLES َ ‫ث ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬ ْ َّ‫ُم َؤن‬

َ ‫ُمذَ َّكر ُم‬ ‫خاطَب‬

Feminine 2nd person pronouns

Masculine 2nd person pronouns

ِ ْ‫أَن‬ ‫سلِ َم ٌة‬ ْ ‫ت ُم‬

َ ْ‫أَن‬ ‫سلِ ٌم‬ ْ ‫ت ُم‬

‫ُمثَنَّى‬

‫سلِ َمتَان‬ ْ ‫أَنْتُ َما ُم‬

‫سلِ َمان‬ ْ ‫أَنْتُ َما ُم‬

Dual

You both are Muslimataan

You both are Muslimaan

‫َج ْمع‬

‫ات‬ ٌ ‫سلِ َم‬ ْ ‫أَنْتُـ َّن ُم‬

‫سلِ ُمون‬ ْ ‫أَنْتُ ْم ُم‬

Plural

You all are Muslimaat

You all are Muslimoon

‫ُمفْ َر ْد‬ Singular

ِ ‫ب‬ ‫ائ‬ ْ ‫ُمذَ َّكر َغ‬ Masculine(3rd person pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َ‫مائر املُنْف‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Detached Pronouns

‫مفْ َر ْد‬ ُ

Singular ‫مثَنَّى‬ ُ

Dual ‫ج ْمع‬ َ

Plural

He

‫ُه َو‬

They(two)

‫ُه َما‬

They all

‫ُه ْم‬

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َ‫مائر املُنْف‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Detached Pronouns

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Examples:

Singular

Dual

Plural

‫ُه َو‬

‫ُه َما‬

‫ُه ْم‬

He

They(two)

They all

‫ـ ُه‬

‫ـ ُهما‬

‫ـ ُه ْم‬

His

Their(two)

Their’s (all)

‫َل ُه‬

‫َل ُه َما‬

‫َل ُه ْم‬

For Him

For them(two)

For all

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ

ِ ‫ُمذَ َّكر َغ‬ ‫ب‬ ْ ‫ائ‬ Masculine(3rd person pronouns)

Attached Pronouns

His book Attached to

Attached to

Nouns

Prepositions

Attached to

‫ـ ُه = ِكتَا ُب ُه‬

Verbs

Book

ِ َ ‫اب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ + ٌ

For/to him

Him

For/to

‫َل ُه‬

= ‫ ـ ُه‬+

‫لِـ‬

Indeed he

He

Indeed

‫إِنَّ ُه‬

Attached to

His

= ‫ـ ُه‬

+ ‫إِ َّن‬

ِ ‫ب‬ ‫ائ‬ ْ ‫ُمذَ َّكر َغ‬ Masculine(3rd person pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Attached to

Nouns

His book

‫ِكتَا ُبــ ُه‬

His

=

His pen

His house

‫َب ْيتُـ ُه‬

‫ ـ ُه‬+ ‫اب‬ ٌ َ ‫ِكت‬ His

‫= َق َل ُمـ ُه‬

His name

‫اس ُمـ ُه‬ = ْ

Pen

‫ ـ ُه‬+ ‫َق َل ٌم‬ His

=

Book

House

ٌ ‫َب ْي‬ ‫ ـ ُه‬+ ‫ت‬ His

Name

ْ ‫ ـ ُه‬+ ‫اس ٌم‬

ِ ‫ُمذَ َّكر َغ‬ ‫ب‬ ْ ‫ائ‬

On/upon him

‫َع َل ْي ِه‬

ِ ‫َع َلى‬ = ‫ ـه‬+ ‫ى‬

To him

‫إِ َل ْي ِه‬

ِ ‫ـه‬ =

+ ‫إِلى‬

With him

‫ِب ِه‬

ِ ‫ـه‬ =

+

In him

ِ‫ِف ْيه‬

ِ = ‫ـه‬

+ ْ‫ِفي‬

From him

‫ِمن ْ ُه‬

= ‫ـ ُه‬

+ ‫ِم ْن‬

To/for him

‫َل ُه‬

= ‫ـ ُه‬

+

From/about him

‫َعن ْ ُه‬

= ‫ـ ُه‬

+ ‫َع ْن‬

Masculine(3rd person pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

‫ِبـ‬

Attached to Prepositions The letter ‫ هاء‬in the 3rd person pronouns (masculine) changes to Kasrah ( ِ )when it is preceded by a letter with Kasrah or with letter whether this ‫ ي‬is a long vowel or with Sukoon.

‫ي‬

When the prepositions ‫َع َلى‬ ِ and ‫ إلى‬are attached to any pronoun, the

Alif Maqsura

is changed to letter

‫يـ‬

‫ى‬

‫لِـ‬

ِ ‫ب‬ ‫ائ‬ ْ َّ‫ُم َؤن‬ ْ ‫ث َغ‬ Feminine (3rd person pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َ‫مائر املُنْف‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Detached Pronouns

‫مفْ َر ْد‬ ُ

Singular ‫مثَنَّى‬ ُ

Dual ‫ج ْمع‬ َ

Plural

She(Female)

َ‫ِهي‬

They(two)

‫ُه َما‬

(2 Females)

They all ( Females)

‫ُه َّن‬

ِ ‫ب‬ ‫ائ‬ ْ َّ‫ُم َؤن‬ ْ ‫ث َغ‬ Feminine (3rd person pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َ‫مائر املُنْف‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Detached Pronouns

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ

Singular

Dual

Plural

َ‫ِهي‬

‫ُه َما‬

‫ُه َّن‬

She

‫ـ َها‬

‫ـ ُه َما‬

Her

Their’s(two)

‫َلها‬

‫َل ُه َما‬

Attached Pronouns

Examples:

They(two)

For Her

For them(two)

They all

‫ـ ُه َّن‬ Their’s (all)

‫َل ُه َّن‬ For all

ِ ‫ث َغ‬ ‫ب‬ ْ َّ‫ُم َؤن‬ ْ ‫ائ‬

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ

Feminine (3rd person pronouns)

Attached Pronouns

Her book Attached to

Nouns

Prepositions

Attached to

Verbs

Her

For/to

‫َل َها‬

‫ا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ـ‬ َ = +

‫لِـ‬

Indeed her

Her

Indeed

‫إِنَّ َها‬

Attached to

Book

ِ َ ‫ ـ َها = ِكتَا ُب َها‬+ ‫اب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ٌ For/to her

Attached to

Her

= ‫ ـ َها‬+ ‫إِ َّن‬

ِ ‫ب‬ ‫ائ‬ ْ َّ‫ُم َؤن‬ ْ ‫ث َغ‬

Her neck

Feminine (3rd person pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Attached to

ِ ‫يد َها‬ ُ ‫ج‬ Her office

‫َم ْكتَبُ ـ َها‬

Her

Neck

ِ = ‫ ـ َها‬+ ‫جي ٌد‬ Her

Office

= ‫ ـ َها‬+ ‫ب‬ ٌ َ ‫َم ْكت‬

Nouns Her table

‫طَا ِو َلـتُــ َها‬ Her bag

‫َح ِقيبَـتُــ َها‬

Her

Table

= ‫ ـ َها‬+ ‫طَا ِو َل ٌة‬ Her

Bag

= ‫ ـ َها‬+ ‫َح ِقيبَ ٌة‬

ِ ‫ب‬ ‫ائ‬ ْ َّ‫ُم َؤن‬ ْ ‫ث َغ‬

On/upon her

‫َع َل ْي َها‬

= ‫ ـ َها‬+ ‫َع َلى‬

To her

‫إِ َل ْي َها‬

= ‫ ـ َها‬+ ‫إِلى‬

With her

‫ِب َها‬

= ‫ ـ َها‬+

In her/it

‫ِف ْي َها‬

= ‫ ـ َها‬+ ْ‫ِفي‬

From her

‫ِمن ْ َها‬

= ‫ ـ َها‬+ ‫ِم ْن‬

To/for her

‫َل َها‬

= ‫ ـ َها‬+

From/about her

‫َعن ْ َها‬

= ‫ ـ َها‬+ ‫َع ْن‬

Female(3rd person pronouns)

ِ ‫الض‬ ِ َّ ‫مائر املُت‬ َّ ‫ص َلة‬ ُ Attached Pronouns

Attached to Prepositions

‫ِبـ‬

‫لِـ‬

____ He is a student.

She is a student. ____ ________ They(dual)are excellent players, ma shaa' Allah.

They(dual) ________ are active girls, ma shaa' Allah.

They are clean students. ________ They are clean (female) ________ students.

ِ ‫ب‬ ٌ ‫ُه َو طَال‬ ِ ِ ‫هيَ طَالبَ ٌة‬

ِ ‫عا‬ ِ ‫ما َال ِعبا‬ ‫ ما شآء اهلل‬،‫ن‬ َ ‫ن بَا ِر‬ ُ َ ‫ه‬

ِ َ‫ن ن‬ ِ ‫شيْطَتَا‬ ِ ‫فَتَاتَا‬ ‫ ما شآء اهلل‬،‫ن‬

ُ ‫ه َما‬

ِ ُ ‫ب نَظ ْيفو َن‬ ٌ ‫ُه ْم طُ َّال‬ ِ ِ َ ‫ات‬ ٌ ‫ات نَظ ْيف‬ ٌ َ‫ُه َّن طَالب‬

‫م ِدينَ ٌة‬ َ

Their(pl.) city

‫َم ِدينَت ُ ُه ْم‬

ٌ ‫ح ِدي َقة‬ َ

ْ َ ‫ب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ‫م‬ َ ٌ

His office

‫َم ْكتَب ُ ُه‬

Their (dual) city

Our office

‫َم ِدينَت ُ ُهما‬

‫َم ْكت َ ُبنَا‬

Your(female) garden

‫َح ِدي َقت ُ ِك‬ Her garden

‫َح ِدي َقت ُ َها‬

‫ص ٌل‬ ْ َ‫ف‬

Your(male) class

‫ص ُل َك‬ ْ َ‫ف‬ Your(plural) class

‫ص ُل ُك ْم‬ ْ َ‫ف‬

He is in the room.

ُ ‫هوَ ِفي ا ْل‬ ُ ‫غ ْرفَ ِة‬ ُ‫املَطْبَخ‬

She is in the kitchen.

And where is A’ishah?

ِ ‫ع‬ َ ‫ائ‬ ‫ش ٌة؟‬ َ ‫َوأ َ ْي َن‬

It is on the table.

Where is the book?

It is on the bed.

ِ .‫الس ِري ِر‬ ‫على‬ َ َ‫هي‬ َّ

‫ير‬ َّ ُ ‫الس ِر‬

ِ ‫أ َ ْي َن َي‬ ‫اس ٌر؟‬

ِ .ِ‫هيَ ِفي املَطْبَخ‬

ْ ‫على‬ ُ .‫ب‬ َ َ‫هو‬ ِ َ‫امل َ ْكت‬ ‫ب‬ ُ َ‫امل َ ْكت‬

Where is Yasir?

ِ َ ‫اب؟‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ‫أَيْ َن ا ْل‬ ُ And where is the clock?

‫َوأَيْ َن‬ ‫ع ُة؟‬ َ ‫السا‬ َّ

A House

ٌ ْ‫بَي‬ ‫ت‬

The House

ُ ْ‫ا ْلبَي‬ ‫ت‬

My house

‫َب ْي ِتـي‬

Our house

‫َب ْيتُـنَا‬

Your house

َ ُ ‫َب ْيت‬ ‫ـك‬

(Female)

Your house

ِ ُ ‫َب ْيت‬ ‫ـك‬

Her house

‫َب ْيتُـ َها‬

His house

‫َب ْيت ُـ ُه‬

Plural

Dual

‫ج ْمع‬ َ

‫مثَنَّى‬ ُ

Singular

Their(pl.) book

Their(dual) book

His book

‫ِكتَابــُ ُه ْم‬

ِ َ ‫ابــ ُه َما‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ُ

‫ابــ ُه‬ ُ َ ‫ِكت‬

(Females)

Their(pl.) book

(2 Females)

Their book

‫ابـ ُه َّن‬ ‫ِكت َ ُـ‬

‫ِكتَابـُـ ُه َما‬

Your(pl.) book

Your(dual) book

‫ابـ ُك ْم‬ ُ َ ‫ِكت‬ ( Females)

Your

book

ِ َ ‫ابـ ُك َّن‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ُ

َُ ‫ِكت‬ ‫ابـ ُك َما‬ (2 Females)

Your book

‫ِكت َ ُابـ ُك َما‬

ِ ‫اب‬ ٌ َ ‫كت‬

‫مفْ َر ْد‬ ُ

Her book

‫ِكت َ ُابــ َها‬ Your book

ِ َ ‫ابـ‬ َ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ـك‬ ُ ( Female)

Masculine

‫ْاملُذَ َّك ُر‬

ِ ‫ا ْل َغ‬ ‫ب‬ ْ ‫ائ‬

Feminine

‫ث‬ ُ ‫ْامل ُ َؤ َّن‬ Masculine

‫ْاملُذَ َّك ُر‬

َ ُ ‫ْامل‬ ‫ب‬ ُ َ‫خاط‬

Your book

ِ ِ ‫ابـ‬ َ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ـك‬ ُ

Our book

My book

ِ َ ‫ابـنَا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ُ

‫ِكت َ ِابــي‬

Feminine

‫ث‬ ُ َّ‫ْامل ُ َؤن‬

‫ْاملُت َ َك ِّل ْم‬

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‫وعن أبي هريرة رضي اهلل عنه قال‪ :‬قال رسول صلى اهلل عليه وسلم‪" :‬كل سالمى من الناس عليه صدقة‪ ،‬كل‬ ‫يوم تطلع فيه الشمس‪ :‬تعدل بني االثنني صدقة‪ ،‬وتعني الرجل على دابته فتحمله عليها‪ ،‬أو ترفع له‬ ‫عليها متاعه صدقة‪ .‬والكلمة الطيبة صدقة‪ ،‬وبكل خطوة تمشيها إلى الصالة صدقة‪ ،‬وتميط األذى‬ ‫عن الطريق صدقة" ))متفق عليه((‪.‬‬

‫الكلمة الطيبة صدقة‬

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