THE MAKING OF A UNIVERSAL HUMAN RIGHT
Abla el Bahrawy 1945–ongoing United Nations (UN)
WHO NEW YORK, US
DIFFERENT
· MEMBERS 193+
UN BODIES
1946–2006 United Nations Commission on Human Rights (UNCHR) 2006–ongoing United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) NEW YORK, US · MEMBERS
53 NEW YORK, US · MEMBERS 47
1975–2002 United Nations
→ FORMERLY (UNCHR) WHAT
Habitat and Human Settlements Foundation (UNHHSF)
MOMENTS SHELTER HAS BEEN
2002–ongoing United Nations Human Settlement Program (UN-Habitat)
DEFINED AND DETAILED AS RIGHT
NEW YORK, US
Centre for Human Settlements, UNCHS (Habitat) NAIROBI, KENYA · MEMBERS 58 → FORMERLY UNHHSF, UNCHS,
1977–2002 United Nations
While the right to shelter had been previously articulated at the national level by certain Western countries, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights set out in 1946–8 to make it so for all. First declared under the umbrella of ‘an adequate standard of living’, the UN has charged itself since its inception with determining what the right to shelter actually means and how it can be both provided and ensured. To actually do so in a universal – not to mention appropriate – manner is quite the daunting task though and stands largely unresolved. These diagrams chart out the historical evolution of the universal right to shelter in anticipation of witnessing its future during the Habitat III Conference, to take place in Quito in 2016.
UN COMMISSION ON HUMAN SETTLEMENTS NEW YORK, US · MEMBERS 58
1977–2002 United Nations
Commission on Human Settlements HOW UN EVENTS
NEW YORK, US · MEMBERS 58
IMPLEMENTING THE RIGHT
1985–ongoing Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR)
CONFERENCES
DOCUMENTS NEW YORK, US · MEMBERS 18
TEXTS
1993–ongoing UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
2000–ongoing Special Rapporteur on adequate housing** ** as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, and on the right
UN OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS (OHCHR)
THE INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF SHELTER FOR THE HOMELESS (IYSH)
to non-discrimination in this context
THE GLOBAL STRATEGY FOR SHELTER TO THE YEAR 2000
(HABITAT) UNCHS
(HABITAT) UNCHS
DECLARED 1981 · RECOGNIZED 1987
1988
HABITAT I
HABITAT II
HABITAT II, Istanbul +5
WORLD URBAN FORUM #7
HABITAT III
VANCOUVER, CANADA, 1976
ISTANBUL, TURKEY, 1996
NEW YORK, US, 2001
MEDELLIN, COLOMBIA, 2014
QUITO, ECUADOR, 2016
UNHHSF
(HABITAT) UNCHS
HABITAT AGENDA
VANCOUVER DECLARATION
STARTED 1996
ON HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
(HABITAT) UNCHS
UN-HABITAT
UN-HABITAT
MEDELLIN DECLARATION
DECLARATION ON CITIES AND
EXPECTED RESULTING DOCUMENT:
OTHER HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
NEW URBAN AGENDA
IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM STARTED
2001 OPTIONAL PROTOCOL TO THE INTER NATIONAL COVENANT ON ECONOMIC SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS
THE INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON ECONOMIC,
CESCR
SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL RIGHTS (ICESC R)
ADOPTED
UNITED NATIONS
PUT INTO FORCE
NO. OF COUNTRIES 45
DRAFTED 1954 · SIGNED 1966 · EFFECTIVE 1976
2008 2013
SIGNATORIES 71 · CURRENT # OF PARTIES 164 NEW YORK, US
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION
THE INTERNATIONAL COVENANT
GENERAL COMMENT #4:
GENERAL COMMENT #7:
OF HUMAN RIGHTS (UDHR)
ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS (ICCPR)
THE RIGHT TO ADEQUATE HOUSING
THE RIGHT TO ADEQUATE HOUSING
UNITED NATIONS
UNITED NATIONS
CESCR
CESCR
DRAFTED 1946 · ADOPTED 1948
DRAFTED 1954 · SIGNED 1966 · EFFECTIVE 1976
ADOPTED 1991 · PUBLISHED 1992
ADOPTED 1997 · PUBLISHED 1998
SIGNATORIES 48 · # OF ACCEPTING COUNTRIES 193
SIGNATORIES 74 · CURRENT # OF PARTIES 168
GENEVA
GENEVA
PARIS, FRANCE
1945
1950
1955
1960
NEW YORK, US
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
visualization Julia Neller
2010
2015
2020