EXTREME OCULARITY PAR FACADES + INNOVATION CONFERENCE OCTOBER 11, 2012
JENNIFER MARMON
AIA, NCARB, LEED AP
RUSSELL FORTMEYER
LEED AP
FACADE DESIGN & ENGINEERING TEAM
Architect
Engineers
Project
PAR Structural Engineering Facade Engineering Environmental Consulting
Type Status Area Budget Floors
Civic Competition 2012, In Procedure 14,000 M2 85 M USD 5
PAR Platform for Architecture + Research is an ofďŹ ce interested in architectural possibilities. Setup as a platform for exchange within a global context, a team of 10 architects and designers translates an ongoing effort of spatial research into building form.
A global, integrated, multidisciplinary ďŹ rm of professionals working together to tackle complex building, design, and systems issues. 10,000 engineers, designers, planners, management consultants and exonomists working in buildings, infrastructure, and consulting 90 networked ofďŹ ces in 38 countries
5 KILPAILUALUE SITE AREA
Helsinki
6 Pyh채n Johanneksen Kirkko 74m
Mikael Agricolan Kirkko 30 m
Helsinki
5 Klippan Islanti It채meri
6 Pyh채n Johanneksen Kirkko 74m
Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art
Helsinki Music Center
3 Finlandia-talo 14m March 21st, 08:00
March 21st, 12:00
It채meri 1 Helsingin Tuomiokirkko 123m
4 Kansallinen Museo 58m 3 Finlandia-talo 14m
March 21st, 10:00
Site Conditions
5 Klippan Islanti It채meri
Maximum Occupation
Superimposition
Stacked Strips
Increased Solar Access
Performative Morphology
Landmark Axies
Views to Bay
Taso Neljä Suunnitelmaa | Level 4 Plan
Tasolla Kaksi Suunnitelma | Level 2 Plan
St. John’s Cathedral 0
Finlandia Hall
0
5
5
20
20
Poikkileikkaus A | Transverse Section A
Pitkitt채isleikkaus Osa | Longitudinal Section 1
Poikkileikkaus B | Transverse Section B
Poikkileikkaus C | Transverse Section C
0
5
20
Pohjoiseen Korkeus | North Elevation
Pohjoiseen Korkeus | South Elevation
0
5
20
0
5
20
0
5
20
L채nsi Korkeus | West Elevation
Pitkitt채isleikkaus Osa | East Elevation
Comparison | Extreme Ocularity Pantheon | Apollodorus of Damascus
Image: PAR
Rome | June 21st - Noon
Image: PAR
Rome | December 21st - Noon
Image: PAR
Rome | December 21st - Noon
Comparison | Extreme Ocularity Sendai Mediatheque | Toyo Ito
Image: PAR
IVisualization: Labtop
Images: Toyo Ito Architects
Comparison | Extreme Ocularity Burton Barr Central Library | Will Bruder+Partners
Visualization: Labtop
Visualization: Labtop
Image: Will Bruder+Partners
Image: PAR
Oculus Facade
Comparison | Extreme Ocularity Seattle Public Library | OMA
Visualization: Labtop
Image: OMA
Visualization: Labtop Image: Arup
Image: Arup
Comparison | Extreme Ocularity Arab World Institute | Jean Nouvel Architects
Images: Jean Nouvel Architects
Images: ARUP
Helsinki
Rome
Images: ARUP
Helsinki
Rome
Images: ARUP
Helsinki
Rome
Images: ARUP
Helsinki
Rome
Images: ARUP
Helsinki
Rome
Images: ARUP
Helsinki Conclusions
Rome Conclusions
Heating dominated climate
Cooling dominated climate
Need to increase daylight in winter, but mindful of glare
Ample daylight year round, glare a concern
Solar gain is helpful for all but a few months
Minimize solar gain in warm months (solar control, more solar control...)
Peak summer sun control Natural Ventilation opportunity in MaySeptember Facade must prevent heat loss, amplify and modulate dualight, prevent glare, and enable natural ventilation
Opportunities for natural ventilation in shoulder season, but daily peaks exceed comfort in summer
Images: ARUP
Helsinki
Rome
90 째
Rotation of Oculus
Helsinki | December 21st - Noon
Helsinki | June 21st - Noon
Images: ARUP
Comparison | Extreme Ocularity Pantheon | Rome, Italy
Pantheon | Interior Elevation
Pitkitt채isleikkaus Osa | Longitudinal Section 1
L채nsi Korkeus | West Elevation
Pantheon | West Elevation
0
5
20
Image: ARUP
Sun Diagram Looking Straight Up
Image: ARUP
Sun Diagram Forms Oculus
Comparison | Extreme Ocularity Smithsonian Institution | Foster + Partners
Image: Foster + Partners
Comparison | Extreme Ocularity Pantheon | Apollodorus of Damascus
Visualization: Labtop
Visualization: Labtop
Roof Unit Type 2+3
South Facade Unit 1
East Facade Unit 1 West Facade Unit 1
North Facade Unit 4
Image: PAR
Environmental Analysis Subtractions within the roofline increased solar access for upper floor areas while the volumetry along the west orients surfaces to capture daylight.
Solar Access The library’s outer contours were designed to scoop light from Helsinki’s low sun angles during the winter along a 35° rotation against the N-S-axis.
Image: PAR
Sectional Model 1:100
Diffused Daylight Winter
Image: PAR
Solar Access The building’s outer contours were designed to scoop light from Helsinki’s low sun angles during the winter along a 35° rotation against the N-S-axis.
Exhaust
Displacement Ventilation Macro Airflow
Cross Ventilation
Ventilation Heat Recovery
Ventilation To best ventilate the structure, the facade will be closed in the winter and opened in the summer to bring fresh air into the space.
Image: PAR
Performance Parameters Taking a holistic approach, we propose a framework of performative design criteria based on program and environmental parameters.
Pre-Panelized Elevation Study
Concave Paneled Elevation Study
Concave Solar Collectors Concave panel proďŹ les could magnify light and heat, focusing it into the building and reducing energy demand.
Image: PAR
Visualization: Labtop
Visualization: Labtop
Facade Detail
Image: PAR
Picture Windows Anthropometrically scaled 2m high windows act as frames, offering unparalleled views of the city.
Aperature Distribution Minimal Light Desired - 10% Open
Transition Panel - 75% Open
Transition Panel - 25% Open
View Corridor - 90% Open
Diffused Light Desired - 50% Open
Image: PAR
Prevailing winds naturally assist in exhausting hot air from the cavity Open vents in summer to exhaust cavity
Raised access floor with underfloor dispacement ventilation.
High - Level Automatic vents to exhaust air through cavity.
High performance glazing to reduce western facade solar heat gain.
Swirl diffusers for raised floor venitlation cooling.
COOLING MODE
Snow melted by heated gutter system Closed vents retain heat in winter
Heat recovery at air handling units at top of cores and roof.
Heat is radiated through a raised floor displacement ventilation system
The facade will be closed in the winter, and the double skin will provide a thermal buffer to help retain heat within the building
Perimeter throughs within the raised floor will conceal linear hydronic radiators to provide perimeter heating
Swirl diffusers for underfloor displacement heating.
HEATING MODE
FACADE UNIT TYPE 1 WEST ELEVATION Oculus Aperature Varies
FACADE UNIT TYPE 2 ROOF Oculus Aperature Varies
THANK YOU
Visualization: Labtop