Above & Beyond | Canada's Arctic Journal May-June 2014 by above&beyond

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CANADA’S ARCTIC JOURNAL

MAY/JUNE 2014 • $ 5.95

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Nancy Columbia Inuit Star of Stage, Screen and Camera Northern Lights Offer Year-round Splendour

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Long John Jamboree Arctic Winter Games

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Brock Friesen / XÇ4 K‰n8

Setting the bar higher for you At First Air, we are focused on the continuous improvement of our operations and customer service to meet and exceed the expectations for air services across the North. I am happy to say that all three of our latest 737-400 series aircraft are now in full service, with much positive feedback from our passengers to date. Servicing the Montreal-Kuujjuaq, Ottawa-Iqaluit and Edmonton-Yellowknife routes, these most recent additions to our fleet have increased our daily cargo capacity, resulting in more expedient deliveries to our northern customers. These aircraft have also allowed us to increase scheduled passenger service between Iqaluit and Ottawa. Last September, we added two passenger flights to this route on Mondays and Fridays. We further expanded this service by adding a second flight on Wednesdays, bringing the total of flights to ten per week. The increased flight frequency not only benefits our services to Iqaluit, but provides more options for sameday travel to Ottawa from several northern destinations in our route network.They have also improved air connections with other Canadian and international destinations. With the summer season upon us, we have also increased flights between Iqaluit, Arctic Bay and Resolute Bay. Since April, we are now operating six flights per week, up from four. The additional frequencies will remain until the end of September 2014. With more flight frequencies, it is our goal to maintain on-time departures and arrivals. We value the expectations of our customers to remain on schedule. To ensure our passengers arrive at their destinations on time, we have revised our check-in and baggage drop-off deadlines to 30 minutes prior to scheduled departure. With all of these improvements that we’ve made to our already premier air service, I have no doubt our passengers and cargo customers are already noticing more convenience and comfort. And for those who still have yet to experience these new improvements, I look forward to meeting you on board First Air, The Airline of the North.

Brock Friesen First Air President & CEO

Jobie Tukkiapik / JW bexW4

ᐊᑲᐅᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᖏᓐᓇᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᕗᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᑎᑦ

ᕘᔅᑎᐊᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ, ᐊᐅᓚᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᑲᐅᓯᑎᑦᑎᒋᐊᕋᓱᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᒍᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᖅᐸᒃᑕᑦᑕ ᐱᔪᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᙳᒪᑎᓇᓱᐃᓐᓇᖅᖢᑕ ᐅᖓᑕᐅᓪᓗᒋᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᓕᕆᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᕐᒥᑦ. ᖁᕕᐊᓱᒃᑐᖓ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᓄᑕᐅᓂᖅᐹᑦ ᐱᑖᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᕗᑦ 737-400 ᖃᖓᑕᓲᑦ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᓕᕐᒪᑕ.

ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᒪᑯᑎᒎᓇ ᒪᓐᑐᔨᐊ-ᑰᔾᔪᐊᖅ, ᐋᑐᕚ-ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᐊᑦᒪᓐᑕᓐ-ᔭᓗᓇ, ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᕆᓕᓵᓚᐅᖅᑕᕗᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᓯᑎᑦᑎᔾᔪᑕᐅᓕᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᐅᑕᒫᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ, ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑎᑭᑲᐅᑎᒋᒍᖕᓇᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᑦ ᐅᓄᖅᓯᒋᐊᕈᖕᓇᕈᑎᒋᓯᒪᓕᕐᒥᔭᕗᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᖕᓇᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓄᑦ ᐋᑐᕚᒧᓪᓗ. ᓯᑎᐱᕆᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᒥᑦ, ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓚᐅᖅᑐᒍᑦ ᒪᕐᕈᐃᖅᑕᖅᖢᒍ ᐅᓪᓘᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓂᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒃᑰᕐᕕᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐋᑐᕚᒥᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓄᑦ ᓇᒡᒐᔾᔭᐅᒥᑦ ᑕᓪᓕᒻᒥᕐᒥᓪᓗ. ᐃᓚᓯᒋᐊᒃᑲᓐᓂᓕᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᒍᑦ ᐱᖓᑦᓯᕐᒥᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒃᑰᕐᕕᒃᓴᓂᒃ, ᖁᓖᖅᑕᒻᒪᕆᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᓯᐅᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓂᑦ.

ᐅᓄᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᕐᓂᖏᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒃᑰᕐᕕᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᕚᓪᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᖏᒻᒥᔪᖅ, ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᕐᒥᑦ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᓪᓘᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓂᑦ ᐋᑐᕚᒧᑦ ᑎᑭᒍᖕᓇᖅᓯᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᓪᓗ ᐊᙳᑎᔪᖕᓇᖅᑎᑦᑎᖕᒥᔪᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒃᑰᕐᕕᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐃᑭᒋᐊᖅᑐᒃᑲᓐᓂᕈᖕᓇᖅᓯᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᓪᓘᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓂᑦ.

ᐊᐅᔭᙳᓛᓕᕐᒥᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐅᓄᖅᓯᑎᑦᑎᖕᒥᔪᒍᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒃᑰᕐᕕᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐊᑯᓐᓇᖓᑦᑕ ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ, ᐃᒃᐱᐊᕐᔪᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᐃᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ. ᐄᐳᕈᒥᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᖢᓂ 6-ᖏᖅᑕᖅᖢᒍ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒃᑰᕐᕕᒃᓴᖃᓕᕐᒥᔪᒍᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᓯᐅᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓂᑦ, 4-ᖑᓚᐅᖅᑳᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐅᓄᖅᓯᒋᐊᖅᓯᒪᓛᖅᑐᑦ ᓯᑎᐱᕆ 2014-ᖑᖅᓯᐊᕆᓗᒍ.

ᐅᓄᖅᓯᒋᐊᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒃᑰᕐᕕᒃᓴᖁᑎᕗᑦ, ᑭᖑᕙᖅᓯᒪᙱᓪᓗᑕ ᐊᓪᓚᕈᒪᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᕗᑦ ᑎᑭᔪᒪᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᕗᓪᓗ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᑎᒋᔭᕗᑦ ᓱᓕ. ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᑎᒋᖕᒥᒐᑦᑎᒍ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᖅᑕᑦᑕᑦᑕ ᑭᖑᕙᖅᓯᒪᑦᑕᐃᓕᒍᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔨᖁᑎᕗᑦ ᑭᖑᕙᖅᓯᒪᙱᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑎᑭᑦᑎᐊᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᕐᓂᒐᓱᒃᑕᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᐊᓯᔾᔩᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᒍᑦ ᐃᑭᔾᔪᑎᑖᕐᕕᑦᑕ ᑭᔪᖁᑎᓂᒡᓗ ᑐᓂᓯᔭᖅᑐᕐᕕᖁᑎᕗᑦ ᒪᑐᖃᑦᑕᓕᖅᑐᑦ 30 ᒥᓂᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᑉ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᕐᕕᒃᓴᖓ ᓈᓚᐅᙱᑎᓪᓗᒍ.

ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓕᒫᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᓯᑎᑦᑎᒋᐊᕈᑎᒋᓯᒪᔭᕗᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᐊᒻᒪᕆᖕᓂᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᐅᑐᒃᖢᒋᑦ, ᓇᓗᒋᔭᖃᙱᑦᑐᖓ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᖅᑎᑦᑎᕙᒃᑐᓪᓗ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᖁᑎᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᕙᓪᓕᐊᓯᒪᓕᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᑲᐅᓂᖅᓴᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖢᕐᕆᓇᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᐃᒃᑯᐊ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᒫᓕᑕᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᓱᓕ ᓂᕆᐅᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᖓ ᑕᑯᓛᕋᒃᑭᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᖃᑎᒌᓕᕈᖕᓄ ᕘᔅᑎᐊᒃᑯᑦ, ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᕐᒥᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᓕᕆᔨᒻᒪᕇᑦ.

ᐸᕌᒃ ᕗᕇᓴᓐ ᕘᔅᑎᐊᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖅ & ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᒻᒪᕆᒃ

President, Makivik Corporation & Chairman, First Air xzJ6√6, mr=F4 fxS‰nzk5 x7m w4y?sb6, {5 wsf8k5 Président, Société Makivik et président du conseil, First Air

De nouveaux objectifs toujours plus élevés First Air est axé sur l’amélioration continue de ses opérations et de ses services à la clientèle afin de répondre aux attentes des services aériens dans l’ensemble du Nord et de les dépasser. Je suis heureux d’annoncer que nos trois dernières séries d’aéronefs 737-400 sont maintenant complètement opérationnelles, avec beaucoup de rétroactions positives provenant de nos passagers. Les plus récents ajouts à nos liaisons aériennes, c’est-à-dire Montréal-Kuujjuaq, Ottawa-Iqaluit et Edmonton-Yellowknife, ont augmenté notre capacité quotidienne de chargement. Les livraisons à nos clients du Nord sont par conséquent plus efficaces. Ces aéronefs nous ont aussi permis d’augmenter le service aérien régulier entre Iqaluit et Ottawa. En septembre dernier, nous avons ajouté deux vols de passagers à cet itinéraire tous les lundis et vendredis. Nous avons amélioré davantage ce service par l’ajout d’un autre vol les mercredis, pour un total de dix par semaine. L’augmentation de la fréquence des vols améliore non seulement nos services vers Iqaluit, mais elle fournit aussi plus d’options de déplacement d’un jour vers Ottawa en provenance de diverses localités du Nord au sein de notre réseau aérien. Les liaisons aériennes entre d’autres destinations canadiennes et internationales ont par conséquent aussi été améliorées. Avec l’arrivée de la saison d’été, les vols entre Iqaluit, la baie de l'Arctique et la baie Resolute ont été augmentés. À compter d’avril, nos vols ont été augmentés de quatre à six par semaine. Nous maintiendrons ces fréquences additionnelles jusqu’à la fin de septembre 2014. Avec ces vols additionnels, nous comptons maintenir la ponctualité des arrivées et des départs. Nous apprécions les attentes de nos clients quant au respect des horaires. Pour faire en sorte que nos passagers arrivent à leurs destinations à temps, nous avons modifié les délais d’enregistrement et de dépôt de bagages à 30 minutes avant l’heure prévue pour le départ. Grâce à toutes ces améliorations apportées à notre service aérien de première qualité, je suis convaincu que nos passagers et nos clients de fret aérien ont déjà remarqué plus d’efficacité et de confort. Au plaisir de retrouver tous ceux qui n’ont pas encore eu l’occasion d’apprécier ces améliorations à bord de First Air, la Ligne aérienne du Nord.

Brock Friesen Président-directeur général de First Air

ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᑎᑦᑕᕗᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᓃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᔭᓐᓇᒦᒃ ᕘᔅᑎᐊ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᕐᒥᒃ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᓕᕆᔨᒻᒪᕆᐅᑎᒃᑲᕕᐅᒃ.

We value your support and thank you for making First Air The Airline of the North. Nous apprécions votre soutien et vous remercions de votre appui à First Air la ligne aérienne du Nord.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Publisher & Editor Tom Koelbel Contributing Editor Teevi Mackay Advertising Doris Ohlmann (Ottawa) 613-257-4999 Circulation Patt Hunter Design Robert Hoselton, Beat Studios email: editor@arcticjournal.ca Toll Free: 1 • 877 • 2ARCTIC Volume 26, No. 3

May/June 2014

CANADA’S ARCTIC JOURNAL

MAY/JUNE 2014 • $ 5.95

23 Nancy Columbia Inuit Star of Stage, Screen and Camera In the summer of 1911, Nancy Columbia appeared on screen in a film that she had written, The Way of the Eskimo. This was the first Inuit-written and Inuit-cast film ever made. At that time, Columbia was the most famous Inuk in the world. Now largely forgotten, this is her amazing story. — Kenn Harper

31 Northern

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Nancy Columbia

Lights

Inuit Star of Stage, Screen and Camera

Offer Year-round Splendour

Northern Lights Offer Year-round Splendour

Tidal waves of aurora crash overhead, as if we’re standing at the bottom of a sea of light, here on the salt plains of Wood Buffalo National Park. It’s midnight on a warm Northwest Territories evening in September, as a dim fountain of white turns into a purple-green arc stretching from the eastern horizon all the way to the west. — Peter McMahon

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Long John Jamboree Arctic Winter Games

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NANCY DRESSED IN ALASKAN COSTUME 1914. PRIVATE COLLECTION/KENN HARPER

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arcticjournal.ca Celebrating our 26th year as the popular In-flight magazine for First Air, The Airline of the North.

May/June 2014

9 NORTHERN YOUTH Our Changing Arctic by Teevi Mackay 15 LIVING ABOVE & BEYOND 19 NEW MEDIA Profiles from the Arctic 20 RESOURCES

36 COMMUNITY Long John Jamboree 41 ARTS, CULTURE & EDUCATION Watching History Being Made by Nick Newbery 44 SCIENCE Wildflower DNA by David Smith

47 SPORT Ivakkak Cain’s Quest 49 Arctic Winter Games 53 NORTHERN BOOKSHELF 54 INUIT FORUM by Terry Audla

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NORTHERN YOUTH

Our Changing Arctic ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᑦᑕ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓ Ukiuqtaqtutta Asijjiqpallianinga © WALTER & DUNCAN GORDON FOUNDATION

he Arctic has, in the last several years, generated a great deal of attention, particularly in research relating to climate change. Inuit should play a part in this research to create more meaningful partnerships between Inuit communities and Southern researchers. In this, the organization ArcticNet is a leader. “ArcticNet is a Network of Centres of Excellence that brings together scientists and managers in the natural, human health and social sciences with their partners from Inuit organizations, northern communities, federal and provincial agencies and the private sector to study the impacts of climate change in the coastal Canadian Arctic. Over 145 ArcticNet researchers from 30 Canadian Universities, eight federal and 11 provincial agencies and departments collaborate with research teams in Denmark, Finland, France, Greenland, Japan, Norway, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the USA,”reads ArcticNet’s website. I had the opportunity to take part in a social science project entitled, Improving Access to University Education in the Canadian Arctic, co-funded by ArcticNet. In the second year of my journalism studies at Carleton, I worked part-time on this project. The work included interviewing Inuit who had either experience in post-secondary studies, or had successfully completed a program of study. Through these interviews I learned how to succeed in university. One individual in particular said to never give up even when things seem very difficult. It was encouraging to ultimately gain advice through research into Inuit postsecondary experience — anecdotal of how research is educational. The information gathered was used to create the Tukitaarvik: Inuit Student Centre website, geared to help Inuit access postsecondary education through pertinent information related to succeeding at this level and also gives appropriate information related to Aboriginal-specific transition programs nationwide. Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK) now administers this website. ITK currently staffs a full-time ArcticNet

May/June 2014

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ᑭᐅᓄᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᕐᓚᐅᓕᖅᑐᓄᑦ, ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᑉ ᐊᕙᑎᒋᔭᖓ, ᐊᖏᔪᒻᒪᕆᒻᒥᒃ ᑐᓴᖅᑕᐅᔪᒪᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᓕᕐᒪᑦ, ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᕙᑦᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥ ᑐᕌᖓᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓯᓚᐅᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᓪᓚᒃᐳᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓇᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᓕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂ ᐱᑕᖃᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᒥᑦᓯᖃᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᑎᒍ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᒌᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖃᑎᒌᓕᕋᔭᕐᓂᖏᑕ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓇᓕᒋᔭᖏᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᕙᑦᑐᓂ. ᑕᒪᑐᒪᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᒥ, ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓕᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ. “ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᖕᓂᖅᐸᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖃᑎᒌᒃᑎᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑎᒥᖁᑎᒋᔭᐅᒻᒪᑕ ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᕙᑦᑐᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᒥ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖃᓕᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᕙᓐᓂᖏᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓅᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᕙᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᔨᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖃᑎᒋᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᓐᓂᑦ, ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂᑦ, ᒐᕙᒪᑐᖃᒃᑯᓐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐳᕌᕕᓐᓯᐅᔪᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᖅᓇᐃᔭᕐᕕᓐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓛᒃᑰᕐᑑᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᕝᕕᖃᖅᑎᓂᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥᓐᓂ ᓯᓚᐅᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓᓂᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑕ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑕᕆᐅᖓᑕ ᓯᓈᓃᑦᑐᑦ. ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ 145-ᖑᔪᑦ ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᑦᕝᑯᓐᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᔪᑦ 30-ᐅᔪᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑦ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᖏᓐᓂᑦ, 8-ᖑᔪᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᑐᖃᒃᑯᓐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 11-ᖑᔪᑦ ᐳᕌᕕᓐᓯᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᕐᕕᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᓇᕝᕕᐅᔪᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒋᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᑎᓐᒫᒃᒥᑦ, ᕕᓐᓛᓐᒥᑦ, ᕗᕌᓐᔅᒥᑦ, ᐊᑯᑭᑦᑐᓂᑦ, ᔭᐹᓐᒥᑦ, ᓄᐊᕖᒥᑦ, ᐴᓚᓐᒥᑦ, ᕋᓴᒥᑦ, ᓯᐸᐃᓐᒥᑦ, ᓱᕖᑕᓐᒥᑦ, ᔫᓇᐃᑎᑦ ᑎᖕᑕᒻᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒥᐊᕆᑲᒥᐅᓂᑦ,” ᐅᖃᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊ5-ᑯᑦ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᑕᕐᕕᖓᓂ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ. ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᓚᐅᕋᒪ ᐃᓅᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᑲᐃᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᑕᐃᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ, ᐱᐅᓯᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᖃᕈᓐᓇᖅᑎᑦᑎᕙᓐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᓕᕆᓂᖅ, ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖁᑎᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᒋᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᕈᑎᔅᓴᓂᒃ ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᓐᓂᑦ. ᑐᒡᓕᕆᔭᖓᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᒥ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑎᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᖓ ᑳᕈᓪᑕᓐ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᖓᓂ, ᐅᓪᓗᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᓂ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᑲᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖓ. ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᔭᒃᑲ ᐃᓚᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᐱᖅᓱᐃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᑐᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᓐᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥᓐᓂ, ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕌᓂᒍᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᑦᐊᕐᓂᖃᓚᐅᕐᒪᖔᑕ. ᐊᐱᖅᓱᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᕆᓚᐅᒃᑲᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᑦᑎᓪᓗᐊᕐᓂᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖓ ᖃᓄᖅ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᖅᓯᒪᓂᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᑦᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᓐᓇᕆᐊᒥᒃ. ᐃᓚᖓᑦᑕ ᐊᐱᖅᓱᓚᐅᖅᑕᕐᒪ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓗᐊᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕚᖓ ᐅᖃᐅᑎᒐᒥᖓ ᓴᐱᓕᖅᑕᐃᓕᖁᓪᓗᓂᖓ ᐊᔪᕐᓇᖅᓯᓪᓚᕆᖅᑰᔨᒐᓗᐊᖅᐸᑕ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᓇᓱᑦᑕᒃᑲ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᑕᐅᒻᒪᕆᓚᐅᕐᐳᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᔨᖃᓕᕋᒪ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᓂᖃᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒻᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᒐᐃᓂᒃ — ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᖃᓄᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖃᕐᓂᖅ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑕᐅᕙᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ. ᑐᓴᒐᔅᓴᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᖅᓱᐃᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᒃᑲ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᔅᓱᐃᕙᓪᓕᐊᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑐᑭᑖᕐᕕᒃ: ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᕝ-

kiunut amisurlauliqtunut, Ukiuqtaqtup avatigijanga, angijummarimmik tusaqtaujumaqattaqsimalirmat, piluaqtumik qaujisarniuvattulirinirmi turaangatillugit silaup asijjiqpallianinganut pijjutiqaqtunik. Inuit ilagijauqataujariaqallakput tamakkunani qaujisarniuliqsimajuni pitaqaliqtitauqullugit anginiqsaujumik mitsiqattiaqtutigu ikajuqtigiillutik piliriaqaqatigiilirajarningita Inuit naligijanginit ammalu qallunaat nunangannit qaujisaqtiuvattuni. tamatumani piliriangujumi, ArcticNet-kut Katujjiqatigiingit sivuliqtiuliqsimavut. “ArcticNet-kut quttingniqpaullutik pilirivvigijaujut piliriaqaqatigiiktiullutik timiqutigijaummata sunatuinnanik qaujisaqtiuvattunit ammalu aulatsijigijaujunit nunami, Inuit kikkutuinnait aanniaqaliqtailimavanningini ammalu inuusilirinirmi qaujisarniuvattunut pilirijimmariujunit piliriaqaqatigillunigit piliriaqaqtigijaujut Inuit katujjiqatigiinginnit, ukiuqtaqtumi nunaligijaujunit, gavamatuqakkunni ammalu puraavinsiujuni iqqaqnaijarvinni ammalu ilaakkuurtuullutik pilirivviqaqtinit qaujisainiqarnirminni silaup asijjiqpallianinganit aktuqtausimaningita Kanatami Tariungata sinaaniittut. Ungataanut 145-ngujut ArcticNet-kunni qaujisaqtiujut 30-ujuni Kanatamiut Silattuqsarvinginnit, 8-ngujut government-tuqakkunni ammalu 11-ngujut province-sini iqqanaijarviujut ammalu sanavviujut katujjiqatigillunigit qaujisaqtigijaujut Denmark-mit, Finland-mit, France-mit, Akukittunit, Japan-mit, Norway-mit, Polandmit, Russia-mit, Spain-mit, Sweden-mit, United Kingdom-mit ammalu America-nit,” Uqaqsimallutik ArcticNet-kut qaritaujatigut attatarvingani titiraqtausimajut. Ilagijauqataujunnalaurama inuusilirinirmi qaujisarniulluni piliriangukainnalauqtumut taijaulluni, Piusigiaqtittiniq Silattuqsarvimmi Iilinniariqarunnaqtittivannirmut Kanatamiut Ukiuqtaqtungani Ilinniarniliriniq, kiinaujaqutiqaqtitausimagilluni piliriaqarutissanik ArcticNet-kunnit. Tuglirijangani ukiumi titiraqtiunirmut ilinniarutiqaqtillunga Carleton Silattuqsarvingani, ullup ilangani tamatuminga piliriangukainnaqtumik piliriniqalauqsimavunga. Piliriarijakka ilaqalauqput IInunnik apiqsuiqattarnirmut pijjutigillugit atulauqsimajangit silattuqsarvinmi ilinniarutiqarnirminni, uvvaluunniit ilinniaraanigutiqalauqtut ingirratarniqalaurmangaata Apiqsuqattarnirilaukkakkut Inunnik ilittilluarniqalauqpunga qanuq silattuqsarvimmi above & beyond

NORTHERN YOUTH

From the left, Victoria, BC researcher, Tanya Brown assists as Joey Angnatok of Nain (vessel owner and operator) takes ring seal blood sample as Nain’s Dorothy Angnatok looks on.

Coordinator, who oversees Inuit Research Advisors working in Canada’s four Inuit regions and also administers ArcticNet’s Northern Travel Fund. The fund was developed to provide opportunity for Inuit from these regions to attend ArcticNet’s Annual Scientific Meeting (ASM), held in December of each year and to provide them with the opportunity to learn, participate, present and share their knowledge about climate change. This past December in Halifax, ArcticNet held their annual meeting. Inuit participated and presented in the sessions — sessions meant to share with others about certain research projects that span across the Canadian Arctic. Jordan Konek, one of the recipients of the Northern Travel Fund says, “it was nice to see other young Inuit succeed in other research backgrounds. I did a presentation with McGill University on working with young people in filmmaking.” Konek worked with other young Inuit in Rigolet, Labrador, in April 2013 as a filmmaking mentor.

Inuit Research Advisors Inuit Research Advisors (IRA) are mandated to help communicate research results, build capacity 10

arcticjournal.ca

ᕕᖓᓂ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᑕᕐᕕᒻᒥᒃ, ᑐᕌᖓᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᓐᒧᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᕈᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᖃᑕᐅᕙᒍᓐᓇᓕᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᑎᔅᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᕐᓂᖃᑦᑎᐊᕋᔭᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑐᓴᒐᔅᓴᖁᑎᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᕐᒥᒃᑎᒍᑦ ᑐᕌᖓᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᑦᑎᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᓕᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᖏᓄᑦ ᑕᒪᑐᒪ ᖁᑦᑎᖕᓂᖓᓃᓕᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓈᒻᒪᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᑐᓴᒐᔅᓴᖁᑎᖃᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᕐᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᓱᖏᐅᑎᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᓯᒪᓕᕋᓱᐊᕈᑎᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᓕᒫᒥ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ (ITK) ᑖᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᑕᕐᓯᒪᕝᕕᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᐅᓕᖅᐳᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖃᓕᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᑕᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᔅᓱᐃᔨᐅᔪᒥᒃ, ᓇᐅᑦᑎᖅᑐᐃᔨᒋᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᒋᐊᖅᑎᖏᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᓯᑕᒪᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᕆᔭᖏᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨᐅᖏᓪᓗᓂ ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᖃᖓᑦᑕᐅᑎᔅᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖁᑎᔅᓴᕆᔭᖏᓂᒃ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖁᑎᔅᓴᕆᔭᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᑦᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᖖᒐᑦ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᕆᔭᐅᔪᓂ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᑕᒫᑦ ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖏᓄᑦ (ASM), ᑎᓯᐱᕆᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᑕᒫᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᕙᒃᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓕᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᔭᖅᑐᕈᓐᓇᖅᑎᑕᐅᕙᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᕙᓪᓗᑎᒃᓗ, ᓴᖅᑮᔪᓐᓇᖅᐸᖁᓪᓗᒋᓪᓗ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒥᖅᑲᖃᑕᐅᕙᒍᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᕆᔭᒥᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓯᓚᐅᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓᓄᑦ. ᑏᓯᐱᕆᐅᓵᓚᐅᖅᑐᒥ ᕼᐋᓕᕚᒃᔅᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᑕᒫᕐᓯᐅᑎᒥᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᖅᑮᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ — ᑲᑎᒪᓂᖃᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᐃᓚᖏᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᑲᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᒥᓐᓄᑦ ᓴᖅᑮᔪᓐᓇᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᓕᒫᖓᓂ. ᔪᐊᕐᑕᓐ ᑰᓂᐊᒃ, ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᖃᖓᑦᑕᐅᑎᔅᓴᓂᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑕᐅᖃᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᕐᐳᖅ, “ᖁᕕᐊᓇᓚᐅᕐᐳᖅ ᐊᓯᖏᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᒪᒃᑯᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖃᑕᐅᑦᑎᐊᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᖃᑕᐅᓯᒪᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᐅᖃᓪᓚᐅᓯᑦᓴᓐᓂᒃ ᓴᖅᑮᔪᓐᓇᖃᑕᐅᓚᐅᕋᒪ ᒪᑭᐅᓪ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᖓᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖃᑎᖃᓐᓂᓐᓄᑦ ᒪᒃᑯᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᒐᔅᓴᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ". ᑰᓂᐊᒃ ᐊᓯᖏᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᒪᒃᑯᒃᑐᖏᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᖃᑎᖃᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᕆᒍᓕᑦ, ᓛᐸᑐᐊᕆᒥ, ᐊᐃᐱᕆ 2013-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᒐᔅᓴᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᔪᖁᓐᓃᖅᓴᐃᔨᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑐᑭᒧᐊᒃᑎᑦᑎᔨᐅᓪᓗᓂ.

ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᒋᐊᖅᑎᖏᑦ

ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᒋᐊᖅᑎᖏᑦ (IRA-ᖑᔪᑦ) ᐱᓕᕆᐊᔅᓴᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᒻᒪᑕ ᑐᓴᖅᑎᑦᑎᔨᐅᕙᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓕᕐᒪᖔᑕ, ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᕈᓐᓇᖅᓯᑎᑕᐅᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖅᑲᑎᒌᑦᑐᑦ, ᓇᓗᓇᐃᔭᐃᕙᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐱᓯᒪᓕᖅᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ, ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᐅᕙᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᑎᐅᖅᐸᓐᓂᕐᓂ, ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᔨᐅᕙᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓇᑭᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖁᑎᔅᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᓯᒪᓕᕈᓐᓇᕐᕕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖃᑎᒌᓕᕋᔭᕐᓂᖏᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖅᑲᑎᒌᑦᑐᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᔅᓱᐃᔨᐅᕙᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᒋᐊᕐᓂᕐᓄᑦ. ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ IRA-ᖑᔪᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᒋᐊᖅᑎᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᐅᔪᓂ. ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖁᑎᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐱᖓᓱᐃᖑᔪᓂᑦ: ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ, ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑐᖁᓐᓇᖅᑐᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᕙᓐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖑᔪᓂᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᕐᑎᐅᕝᕕᒋᔭᒥᓐᓂᑦ. ᓵᓇᓐ ᐅᕼᐃᐊᕋ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᒋᐊᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᕗᖅ ᐃᓄᕕᐊᓗᐃᑦ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓂ, ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᕐᕕᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᐃᓄᕕᐊᓗᐃᑦ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪ-

ilinniariaqsimaninnik ingirrataqtittijunnariamik. Ilangatta apiqsulauqtarma ikajurlualauqsimavaanga uqautigaminga sapiliqtailiqulluninga ajurnaqsillariqquujigaluaqpata piliriarinasuttakka. Tamanna ikajurutaummarilaurpuq uqaujjuijiqalirama qaujisainiqarnikkut Inuit silattuqsarvimni ilinniariaqsimallutik atuqattalaugainik — uqausirijausimajunut qanuq qaujisarniqarniq ilinniarutauvanninganut. Tusagassanik katiqsuinirilauqtakka atuqtaulauqput aaqqissuivallialiqtillugit Tukitaarvik: Ilinniaqtut Inuit Ikajuqtauvvingani qaritaujatigut attatarvimmik, turaangatitausimallutik Inuit silattuqsarvinmut ilinniariarumajut ilinniariaqatauvagunnaliqullugit ikajurutissaullutik aturniqattiarajaqtunik tusagassaqutiqaqtitausimanirmiktigut turaangatillugit ingirrattiaqtittisimalirunnarninginut tamatuma quttingninganiilirlutik ammalu naammattunik ikajurutaujunnaqtutik tusagassaqutiqaqtutik nunaqaqqaarsimajunut piluaqtumik sungiutijjutiqaqsimalirasuarutiullutik piliriangujunut Kanatalimaami. Inuit Tapiriikkut Kanatami (ITK) taakkuninga qaritaujatigut attatarsimavvinnik aulattijiuliqput. Inuit Tapiriikkut Kanatami maannaujuq iqqanaijaqtiqalirmata atainnaqtumik ArcticNetkunnut Aaqqissuijiujumik, nauttiqtuijigijaujumik Inuit Qaujisaqtiullutik Uqaujjuigiaqtinginik piliriniqaqtunik Kanataup sitamaullutik Inuit avittuqsimanirijangini ammalu aulatsijiungilluni ArcticNet-kut Ukiuqtaqtumi Qangattautissaullutik Kiinaujaqutissarijanginik. Taakkua Kiinaujaqutissarijauniaqtut aaqqittausimalilauqsimavut Inuit taakkunanngat avittuqsimanirijaujuni ilagijauqataujunnaqullugit ArcticNet-kut Ukiutamaat Sunatuinnanik Qaujisarnilirinirmut Katimaniqaqtittininginut (ASM), December-mi ukiutamaat katimaniqaqtittivaktillugit ammalu ilippalliajaqturunnaqtitauvaqullugit, ilagijauqatauvallutiklu, saqqiijunnaqpaqullugillu ammalu amiqqaqatauvagunnaqullugit qaujimanirijaminnik pijjutiqaqtunik silaup asijjiqpallianinganut. December-saalauqtumi Halifaxmi katimaniqaqtillugit, ArcticNet-kut ukiutamaarsiutiminnik katimaniqalauqput. Inuit ilagijauqataujunnalaurmata ammalu saqqiijunnarniqaqtitaullutik katimaniqaqtittitillugit — katimaniqaqtutik ilanginik qaujisarniullutik piliriangukainnaqtunut pijjutiqaqtunik asiminnut saqqiijunnaliqtitausimallutik pilirianguliqsimajunut Kanataup ukiuqtaqtulimaangani. Jordan Konek, Ukiuqtaqtumi Qangattautissanit Kiinaujanik pijunnaqtitauqataulaurtuq uqalaurpuq, “Quvianalaurpuq asinginik Inuit makkuktunik piliriaqaqatauttiaqsimajunik asinginni qaujisaiqatausimalauqtunik. uqallausitsannik saqqiijunnaqataulaurama McGill Silattuqsarvingani piliriaqaqatiqanninnut makkuktunik tarrijagassaliurnirmut pijjutiqaqtunik". Konek asinginik Inuit makkuktunginik piliriniqaqatiqalaurmat Rigolet, Labrador-mi, April 2013-ngutillugu tarrijagassaliurnirmut ajuqunniiqsaijiulluni tukimuaktittijiulluni. May/June 2014

in Inuit communities, identify research needs, help with research proposals, identify funding sources and create partnerships between researchers and Inuit communities. One IRA is allocated to each region. Their positions are funded by three sources: ArcticNet, the Northern Contaminants Program and their host organizations. Shannon O’Hara is the Inuit Research Advisor for the Inuvialuit Settlement Region, housed at the Inuvialuit Regional Corporation. She has served as advisor the longest and has done a lot of great work with communities promoting community-

Left, Michael Ford Jr. (Nain and Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Labrador) records results for Sheena Merkuratsuk (far right). Merkuratsuk is cutting sculpin fish otolith (inner ear) for research purposes. Minnie Okkuatsiak (middle) bags the samples. Both women are from Nain, Nunatsiavut.

based research. O’Hara also publishes an annual newsletter that focuses on research topics happening in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region. “The IRAs have a good understanding of the challenges Inuit face in regards to traditional knowledge and science, and work hard to bridge those gaps in their everyday work and at conferences and events,” says Kendra Tagoona, ITK ArcticNet Coordinator. Tagoona says, “Betsy Palliser, IRA Nunavik, is located in Puvirnituq, therefore she works and lives independently from her host organization, the Kativik Regional Government. She is a strong Inuk woman who takes pride in Inuit culture, language and family. I believe that she contributes greatly to research and her region,through providing her knowledge about Inuit culture and values. This is essential to any research being conducted in Inuit regions, and Betsy is doing a great job to ensure traditional knowledge is respected and included in research.” While at the ASM in December, I interviewed Carla Pamak and Romani Makkik. Carla Pamak, the Nunatsiavut IRA, says that “within Nunatsiavut we are looking for research that is going to benefit our region. We may be going out looking for researchers that are going to come in and help us. I think this is something that May/June 2014

ᓂᖓᓂ ᑯᐊᐳᕇᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᕝᕕᖓᓂ. ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᒋᐊᖅᑎᐅᓯᒪᓕᕐᐳᖅ ᐊᑯᓂᐅᓂᖅᐹᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᒋᐊᖅᑎᐅᖃᑎᒥᓂᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒥᓱᑲᓪᓚᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂ, ᖁᕝᕙᖅᑎᑦᑎᒋᐊᖅᐸᑦᑐᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᓂᖃᖁᔨᓂᕐᓂᒃ. ᐅᕼᐃᐊᕋ ᐅᑭᐅᑕᒫᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᓄᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᔅᓴᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᑦᓱᐃᕙᒃᑭᕗᖅ ᑐᕌᖓᔪᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᕕᐊᓗᐃᑦ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓᑕ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ. “IRA-ᖑᔪᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᐅᒪᑦᑎᐊᕐᒪᑕ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᔅᓴᑲᓪᓚᒋᔭᖏᓂᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᑐᖃᒥᓐᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᑐᖃᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᕙᑦᑐᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑦᓱᕈᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᐃᓚᑰᓂᖃᕐᕕᐅᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑮᓯᒪᓕᕆᐊᖅᑎᐅᕙᒻᒪᑕ ᖃᐅᑕᒫᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᕙᑦᑕᒥᓐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᓂᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᓪᓗ,"

ᐅᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᑭᐊᓐᑐᕋ ᑕᒍᕐᓇᖅ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦᑯᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᔅᓱᐃᔨᒋᔭᖓᑦ. ᑕᒍᕐᓈᖅ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᕐᐳᖅ, "ᐱᐊᑦᓯ ᐹᓕᓱᕐ, IRA-ᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ, ᐳᕕᕐᓂᖅᑑᕐᒥᐅᑕᐅᕗᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪᓗ ᐃᓛᒃᑰᕐᑑᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᔅᓴᕆᔭᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᕐᐳᖅ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᕐᕕᒋᔭᒥᑕ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖑᔪᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᕝᕕᖓᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᖃᖅᑑᓪᓗᓂ. ᓴᖖᒋᑦᑎᐊᖅᑑᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᕐᓇᐅᕗᖅ ᐃᓅᓪᓗᓂ ᖁᕕᐊᒋᒻᒪᕆᒃᑐᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᑐᖃᖓᑦ, ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖓᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓚᒌᖑᔪᑦ. ᐅᒃᐱᕆᕙᕋᓗ ᐊᖏᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᐅᕙᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᕆᔭᒥᓄᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᕐᒥᒍᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᑐᖃᕆᔭᖏᓂᒃ ᐃᑉᓕᕆᔭᖏᓂᒃᓗ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑕᐃᒪᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᓪᓚᕆᒃᐸᒻᒪᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᑐᐃᓐᓇᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᕆᔭᖏᓂ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᐊᑦᓯ ᐊᖏᔪᒻᒪᕆᒻᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖃᖅᑑᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᐅᓯᑐᖃᒥ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᑐᖃᐃᑦ ᐅᐱᒋᔭᐅᖁᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᑕᐅᕙᖁᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᔪᓄᑦ.” ASM-ᑯᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑎᓯᐱᕆᒥ, ᐊᐱᖅᓱᕈᓐᓇᖅᓯᓚᐅᕋᒃᑭᑦ ᑳᕐᓚ ᐹᒪᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕈᒫᓂ ᒪᒃᑭᒃ. ᑳᕐᓚ ᐹᒻᒪᒃ, ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᕗᒻᒥ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᓕᕆᓂᖏᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᒋᐊᖅᑎᐅᔪᖅ, ᐅᖃᓚᐅᕐᐳᖅ " ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᕗᑦ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᓕᕋᔭᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᕿᓂᓕᖅᓯᒪᒐᑦᑕ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᖃᕋᔭᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᕆᔭᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ. ᕿᓂᓕᖅᓯᒪᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᖅᐳᒍᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᓕᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑎᑭᖃᑦᑕᓕᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐅᕙᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ. ᐃᓱᒪᕗᖓᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᓕᒫᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᔅᓴᖅᑕᖃᓕᕆᐊᖃᕋᓱᒋᓪᓗᒍ. ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑦᑕᓕᕆᐊᖃᕐᒪᑕ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᑐᐃᓐᓇᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᓕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖃᕆᐊᖃᕐᒪᖔᑦ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᕆᔭᒥᓐᓂ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓯᒪᓕᕈᓐᓇᕐᓗᑎᒃ.” “ᐊᖏᔪᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᕐᒪᑕ ᓯᓚᐅᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓂᑦ ᐊᕙᑎᐅᔪᑉ ᐊᒃᑐᒐᐅᓯᒪᓕᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒥ ᐃᓚᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓗᐊᕋᓱᒋᒐᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᑐᖃᖏᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓕᐊᓂᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᖃᑕᐅᕙᒋᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᑕ, ᓱᓇᐅᒻᒪᑕᓕ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓯᒪᓕᕐᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᓯᓚᐅᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓᓂᑦ?" ᐅᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᕈᒫᓂ ᒪᒃᑭᒃ, ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᒋᐊᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ.

NORTHERN YOUTH

Inuit Qaujisaqtiullutik Uqaujjuigiaqtingit Inuit Qaujisaqtiullutik Uqaujjuigiaqtingit (IRAngujut) piliriassaqaqtitausimammata tusaqtittijiuvanniarnirminnut qaujisarniulauqtut qanuilingalirmangaata, piliriaqarunnaqsititauqullugit Inuit nunaqqatigiittut, nalunaijaivallutik qaujisaqtaujariaqaqtunut pisimaliqtaujariaqaqtunik, ikajuqtiuvallutik qaujisarumanirmut isumaliurutiuqpannirni, nalunaiqsijiuvallutik nakit kiinaujaqutissanik pisimalirunnarviujunik ammalu piliriaqaqatigiilirajarninginik qaujisaqtiujut ammalu Inuit nunaqqatigiittut aaqqissuijiuvallutik pigiaqtittigiarnirnut. Atausirmik IRAngujumik uqaujjuigiaqtiqaliqtittisimavut atuni avittuqsimaniujuni. iqqanaijaqtiuningit kiinaujaqutiqaqtitausimavut pingasuingujunit: ArcticNet, Ukiuqtaqtumi Tuqunnaqtuqaliqtittivannirmut Piliriamit ammalu katujjiqatigiingujunit pijjutiqartiuvvigijaminnit. Shannon O’Hara Inuit Qaujisaqtiullutik Uqaujjuigiaqtinut ilagijauqatauvuq Inuvialuit Avittuqsimaningani, iqqanaijarviqaqtuni Inuvialuit Avittuqsimaningani Kuapuriisakkut allavvingani. Uqaujjuigiaqtiusimalirpuq akuniuniqpaamik uqaujjuigiaqtiuqatiminit, ammalu amisukallannik piliriniqaqattaqsimalluni nunaligijaujuni, quvvaqtittigiaqpattuni nunaliujuni qaujisainiqaqujinirnik. O’Hara ukiutamaat piliriangujunut unikkaassanik aaqqitsuivakkivuq turaangajunik qaujisarniujunut Inuvialuit Avittuqsimaningata iluani. “IRA-ngujut tukisiumattiarmata Inuit piliriassakallagijanginik isumagilugit piusituqaminni qaujimajaujutuqarnik ammalu sunatuinnanik qaujisarniuvattunut, ammalu atsuruqtutik ilakuuniqarviunirnik aaqqiisimaliriaqtiuvammata qautamaat piliriarivattaminni ammalu katimavigjuarniqaqtillugit qanuiliuqtittiniqaqtillugillu,” uqaqtuni Kendra Tagoona, Inuit Tapiriikkut Kanatami ArcticNet-kut Aaqqissuijigijangat. Tagoona uqalaurpuq, "Betsy Palliser, IRAgijaujuq Nunavimmi, Puvirniqtuurmiutauvuq, taimalu ilaakkuurtuulluni piliriassarijaminik piliriniqarpuq pijjutiqarvigijamita katujjiqatigiingujut allavvingani ammalu taikani nunaliqaqtuulluni. Sanngittiaqtuulluni arnauvuq Inuulluni quviagimmariktugit Inuit piusituqangat, uqausingat ammalu ilagiingujut. Ukpirivaralu angijumik ikajuqtiuvanninganik qaujisarniujunut ammalu avittuqsimanirijaminut, qaujimanirmigut Inuit piusituqarijanginik iplirijanginiklu. tamanna taimaujariaqallarikpammat qanuittutuinnanut qaujisarniujunut Inuit avittuqsimanirijangini, ammalu Betsy angijummarimmik pilirittiarniqaqtuulluni piusituqami qaujimajaujutuqait upigijauqullunigit ammalu ilautitauvaqullunigit qaujisarniujunut.” ASM-kut katimaniqaqtillugit December-mi, apiqsurunnaqsilaurakkit Carla Pamak, ammalu Romani Makkik. above & beyond

NORTHERN YOUTH is needed across the North. More Northerners need to get involved in the type of research that is happening and ask for the type of research they would like to see happening in their region.” “There has been a lot of research conducted on impacts of climate change on the environment, but I think the most important part of research is looking at how we can include Inuit knowledge into the work that’s already happening — what is the human side to the impacts of climate change?” says Romani Makkik, the Nunavut Research Advisor.

Arctic Change 2014

ᑎᓯᐱᕆ 2014-ᒥ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᓕᒫᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ 2014-ᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᓂᖃᕐᓂᐊᖅᐳᑦ, ᑐᒡᓕᕆᔭᖓᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᖃᕐᓗᑎᒃ, ᐋᑐᕙᒥ. ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᓕᒫᓂᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᒌᑦᑐᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᕐᑎᒋᔭᖏᑦ ᑲᑎᓐᓂᖃᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᓂᖃᕐᓂᐊᖅᐳᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᓂᖃᓕᕆᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒥᖅᑲᖃᑎᒌᓕᕐᓂᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐸᐅᓂᐊᕋᓱᒋᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᑎᖖᒐᓂᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᓕᒫᒥ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖖᒋᑦᑑᓪᓗᓂ ᓯᕗᕐᖓᓂ. ᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᑉᐸᒃᑲᓗᐊᕐᒪᑦ, ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᑕᒫᑦ ᑎᓯᐱᕆᐅᓕᕌᖓᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᕙᒃᑐᑎᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ 2014-ᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᓂᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᐅᒪᓂᖃᑦᑎᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᐃᔭᐅᓂᖃᕐᒪᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓ 2014-ᒥᒃ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓯᒪᒋᐊᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᓂᐅᕙᑦᑐᑉ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᓕᒫᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᐅᓂᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᒻᒪᑕ. “ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓ 2014-ᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᒡᔪᐊᓂᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᒥ ᑐᕌᕐᕕᖃᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑎᒌᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᓂᖃᓕᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖃᑕᐅᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓂ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᑦᑐᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᓯᒪᓕᕐᓂᖃᕈᒪᔪᓂᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᒋᔭᖏᓂᑦ,” ᐅᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᑖᒃᑐᕐ ᒫᕐᑎᓐ ᕗᐊᑎᐄ, ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᕝᕕᒻᒥ ᐃᓱᒪᑕᕆᔭᖓᑦ. ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑐᖅᑑᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓ 2014 ᑲᑎᒪᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᓂᐅᓂᐊᕐᑐᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᑦᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖃᕐᒪᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᖕᓂᖅᐸᐅᔪᒦᓐ-

December 2014 will see the International Arctic Change 2014 conference, the second event of its kind, taking place in Ottawa. ArcticNet’s national and international partners will team up at the conference to collaborate and share research in what is expected to be one of the largest Arctic research gatherings ever held in Canada. Normally, ArcticNet hosts its ArcticNet Annual Scientific Meeting in December, but the

ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓ 2014

ITK/IRA Coordinator Kendra Tagoona (left) with IRAs: Carla Pamak (Nunatsiavut), Betsy Palliser (Nunavik), Romani Makkik (Nunavut) and Shannon O'Hara (Inuvialuit).

IRA-ᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᕆᔭᐅᔪᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᕐᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ:

To contact the IRA in your region: IRA-gijaujunut avittuqsimanirijaujuni qaujigiarviujunnaqtut: ᓄᓇᕗᑦ | Nunavut ᕈᒫᓂ ᒪᒃᑭᒃ | Romani Makkik

ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᕗᑦ | Nunatsiavut ᑳᕐᓚ ᐹᒻᒪᒃ | Carla Pamak

rmakkik@tunngavik.com

carla_pamak@nunatsiavut.com

bpalliser@krg.ca

sohara@inuvialuit.com

ᓄᓇᕕᒃ | Nunavik ᐱᐊᑦᓯ ᐹᓕᓱᕐ | Betsy Palliser

ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᒋᐊᒃᑲᓐᓂᕈᒪᔪᑦ IRA-ᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖓᓐᓄᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᕈᓐᓇᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᑯᓐᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᑦᓱᐃᔨᖓᓂᑦ ᑭᐊᓐᑐᕋ ᑕᒍᕐᓈᖅ ᐅᕙᓂ ᑐᕌᕈᑎᖓᓂ:

For more information about the IRA program, contact ITK ArcticNet Coordinator Kendra Tagoona at:

arcticjournal.ca

ᐃᓄᕕᐊᓗᐃᑦ | Inuvialuit ᓵᓇᓐ ᐅᕼᐃᐊᕋ | Shannon O’Hara

Tukisigiaqtitaugiakkannirumajut IRAgijaujunut piliriangannut, qaujigiarunnaqput Inuit Tapiriikkunni Kanatami ArcticNet-kut Aaqqitsuijinganit Kendra Tagoona uvani turaarutingani:

ktagoona@itk.ca

Carla Pamak, Nunatsiavummi Inuit Qaujisarnilirininginut Uqaujjuigiaqtiujuq, uqalaurpuq “Nunatsiavut iluani qaujisarniulirajaqtunik qiniliqsimagatta ikajurniqarajaqtunik avittuqsimanirijattinnut. Qiniliqsimatuinnariaqaqpugut qaujisaqtiulirunnaqtunik tikiqattalirunnaqtunik uvattinnut ikajuqtiujunnarniarlutik. Isumavungalu ukiuqtaqtumiulimaani qaujisainirmut ikajuqtissaqtaqaliriaqarasugillugu. Ukiuqtaqtumiut ilagijauqattaliriaqarmata qanuittutuinnanut qaujisarniuliqsimajunut ammalu qanuittunik qaujisarniqariaqarmangaat avittuqsimanirijaminni nalunaiqsisimalirunnarlutik.” “Angijumik qaujisaqtausimalirmata silaup asijjiqsimaninganit avatiujup aktugausimalirninganut, kisianilu qaujisarnirmi ilaulluni pimmariuluarasugigakkut Inuit qaujimajatuqangit piliriangulianiktunut atuqtauqatauvagiaqarningita, sunaummatali Inunnik aktuisimalirniujut silaup asijjiqpallianinganit?” uqaqtuni Romani Makkik,Nunavummi Qaujisainiqarnirmut Uqaujjuigiaqtigijaujuq.

Ukiuqtaqtuup Asijjiqsimaninga 2014 December 2014-mi Silarjuarmiulimaat Ukiuqtaqtuup Asijjiqsimaninganut 2014-mi katimavigjuarniqarniaqput, tuglirijanganik katimaqatigiinniqarlutik, Ottawa-mi. ArcticNet-kut Kanatamit ammalu silarjuarmiulimaanit ikajuqtigiittutik piliriaqartigijangit katinniqarlutik katimavigjuarniqarniaqput katujjiniqaliriarlutik ammalu amiqqaqatigiilirniarlutik qaujisarniujunik ammalu anginiqpauniarasugijauvuq ukiuqtaqtumi qaujisarnilirinirmut katinnganiuniaqtuq Kanatalimaami taimannailauqsimanngittuulluni sivurngani. Imannaippakkaluarmat, ArcticNet-kut Ukiutamaat December-liraangat Katimaniqaqtittivaktutik, kisianili 2014-mi katimavigjuarniuniaqtuq aaqqiumaniqattiaqtitaulluni taijauniqarmat Ukiuqtaqtuup Asijjiqsimaninga 2014-mik nalunaiqsisimagiaqtutik katimavigjuarniuvattup silarjuarmiulimaanik ilauniqaliqtittisimammata. “Ukiuqtaqtuup Asijjiqsimaninga 2014-mi katimavigjuaniuniaqtumi turaarviqaliqtitausimavuq uqallaqatigiiliqtittijumallutik ammalu katujjiniqalirlutik piliriaqaqatauliqtittijumanirmut Inunni nalunaittutigut pisimalirniqarumajunit ukiuqtaqtumit ammalu Inuqutigijanginit,” uqaqtuni Dr. Martin Fortier, ArcticNet-kut Allavvimmi Isumatarijangat. Ukiuqtuqtuup Asijjiqsimaninga 2014 katimavigjuarniuniartuq aaqqittausimaniqarmat Kanatamiut quttingniqpaujumiinniqaliqsimatillugit iksivautarijaullutik Ukiuqtaqtumi Katimajirjuarijaujunut ammalu nalunaiqsijjutaulluni 10-gijanganik nalliutisimanniqaqtillugit ArcticNet-kut pigiaqtitaulauqsimaningini. Kate Snow Inuvikmiutaq sunatuinnanik qaujisaqtiunirmut uumaniqaqtulirinirni ilinniaraaniksimautiqarpuq ammalu ilinniaraanikpallialiqtuni quttingniqpaujumik aulatsijiunir-

May/June 2014

2014 conference has been fittingly titled Arctic Change 2014 to highlight the conference’s international expanse. “Arctic Change 2014 aims to stimulate discussion and foster collaborations among people with a vested interest in the Arctic and its peoples,” says Dr. Martin Fortier, ArcticNet’s Executive Director. Arctic Change 2014 comes at a time when Canada is at the pinnacle of its chairmanship of the Arctic Council and it also marks the 10th anniversary of ArcticNet. Kate Snow of Inuvik has a science biology degree and is currently finishing her masters in management. Snow says,“my dad is a researcher or was and all of my life I have been learning from him so it was a natural transition to go right into research myself to the point where I didn’t think it was a rare thing to happen until I realized there weren’t many other native people like myself involved.” Snow is the Inuit Communications Officer for the ArcticNet Student Association (ASA) and will be assisting coordination for Student Day-Arctic Change 2014. She can be reached at kgasnow@yahoo.com. From my personal research experience, interviewing Inuit about their successes and experience helped me along in my own studies at Carleton. This is why I strongly believe that taking part in research is beneficial and educational. It teaches you about the world around you and provides you with insights that you may not normally receive or endeavour to explore. I strongly encourage Northerners to take part.

Teevi Mackay

May/June 2014

ᓂᖃᓕᖅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᕆᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᔾᔪᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ 10ᒋᔭᖓᓂᒃ ᓇᓪᓕᐅᑎᓯᒪᓐᓂᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓂ. ᑲᐃᑦ ᓯᓅ ᐃᓅᕕᒻᒥᐅᑕᖅ ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐆᒪᓂᖃᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕌᓂᒃᓯᒪᐅᑎᖃᕐᐳᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕌᓂᒃᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᖅᑐᓂ ᖁᑦᑎᖕᓂᖅᐸᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ. ᓯᓅ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᓂ, "ᐃᓄᕕᐊᓘᓪᓗᖓ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓚᐅᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᖓ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᓄᑦ, ᐃᓅᓯᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖏᓐᓇᕐᒪᑦ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ — ᐊᑖᑕᒐ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᒻᒪᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᒻᒦᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᒻᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓅᓯᓕᒫᓐᓂ ᐃᓕᑦᑎᕙᓪᓕᐊᕝᕕᒋᓯᒪᒐᒃᑯ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᔨᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᓕ ᐊᔪᕆᓚᐅᖖᒋᑕᕋ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᓕᕆᐊᓐᓄᑦ ᓲᕐᓗᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᑉᐸᓕᖅᑐᖓ ᑕᑯᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖖᒋᑦᑑᓇᓱᒋᕙᖖᒋᓕᖅᑐᒋᑦ ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓕᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑕ ᑎᑭᑦᑐᒍ ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᓕᓚᐅᕐᓂᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᖖᒋᓗᐊᒻᒪᕆᒻᒪᑕ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᕐᓯᒪᔪᐃᑦ ᐅᕙᑦᑎᑐᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᖃᑕᐅᓕᖅᓯᒪᔪ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᓄᑦ.” ᓯᓅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑐᓴᐅᒪᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓕᕆᓂᖏᓄᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒋᔭᖏᓄᑦ (ASA) ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᐃᑦ ᐅᓪᓗᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓂᖓᓐᓄᑦ — ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓ 2014-ᒥ. ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᕐᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᐳᖅ ᐅᕙᓂ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᑐᕌᕈᑎᖓᓂ kgasnow@yahoo.com. ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖃᖅᓯᒪᓂᓐᓂ ᐊᑐᖅᓯᒪᔭᒃᑯᑦ, ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᐱᖅᓱᕐᓂᕆᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑕᒃᑲ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᑦᑎᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᓂᖏᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᓄᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᑕᐅᒻᒪᕆᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᐅᕙᓐᓄᑦ ᑳᕈᓪᑕᓐ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᐊᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎᒋᔭᓐᓄᑦ. ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᕐᓴᕐᕕᓐᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥ ᐋᒃᑎᒃᓂᐊᑦ-ᑯᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᑐᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᔭᖓᓐᓂᒃ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᕐᓴᕐᕕᒻᒥ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇᓗ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒍ ᐅᒃᐱᕆᓪᓚᕆᒃᐸᕋ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓂᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᕙᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᖃᓪᓚᕆᒐᔭᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓕᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᕝᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ. ᐃᓕᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᒪᑕ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᐊᕙᑎᒋᔭᖅᐱᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑑᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᑭᓯᐅᒪᓕᕈᑎᒋᔪᓐᓇᕋᓐᓂ ᑐᓴᐅᒪᓕᕋᔭᓚᐅᖖᒋᑕᕋᓗᐊᕐᓂᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᖅᓯᒪᓕᕈᒪᓇᔭᓚᐅᖖᒋᑕᕐᓄᑦ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ. ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᓪᓚᕆᒃᐸᒃᑲ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓕᕆᐊᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ.

ᑏᕙᐃ ᒪᑲᐃ

NORTHERN YOUTH mut. Snow uqaqtuni,“Inuvialuullunga ammalu ilauqataullunga qaujisarnirnut, inuusinnut ilagijaunginnarnmat tamanna — ataataga qaujisaqtiummat uvvaluummiit qaujisaqtiulaursimammat ammalu inuusilimaanni ilittivalliavvigisimagakku qaujisaijiunirmut taimali ajurilaunngitara nangminiq qaujisaqtiuliriannut suurluluunniit imannaippaliqtunga takujaulauqsimanngittuunasugivanngiliqtugit sunatuinnait qanuilingaliqsimaningita tikittugu ujjirusulilaurninnut amisuunngiluammarimmata nunaqaqqaarsimajuit uvattitut ilauqatauliqsimaju piliriangujunut.” Snow Inuit Tusaumaqattautilirininginut Iqqanaijaqtigijauvuq ArcticNet-kut Ilinniaqtut Katujjiqatigiigijanginut (ASA) ammalu ikajuqtiuniaqtuni aaqqiksuivallianirnut Ilinniaqtuit Ulluqaqtitauningannut — Ukiuqtaqtuup Asijjiqsimaninga 2014-mi. Qaujigiarviujunnarpuq uvani qaritaujatigut turaarutingani kgasnow@yahoo.com. Nangminiq qaujisarniqaqsimaninni atuqsimajakkut, Inunnik apiqsurniriqattalauqtakka ingirrattiaqtittisimaninginut ammalu atuqsimajanginut ikajurutaummarilaurmata uvannut Carleton Silattuqsarviani ilinniarutigijannut. Piliriarillugit silattursarvinni ilinniariarunarnirmut atuinnauliqtitijariaqarnirmi ArcticNet-kut qaujisartutik piliriarijangannik silattursarvimmi. Tamannalu pijjutigillugu ukpirillarikpara ilagijauqatauniq qaujisarniuvattunut ikajurniqallarigajarninganik ammalu ilippalliavviujunnarninganut. Ilippallialirutigijaujunnarmata silarjuap avatigijaqpit qanuittuuninganik ammalu tukisiumalirutigijunnaranni tusaumalirajalaunngitaraluarnik uvvaluunniit qaujigiaqsimalirumanajalaunngitarnut nangminiq. Ukiuqtaqtumiut ikajuqtullarikpakka ilagijauqatauliriaqullugit.

Teevi Mackay

above & beyond

arcticjournal.ca

May/June 2014

ÂŠ AANDC

LIVING ABOVE & BEYOND

L to R: Parliamentary Secretary for AANDC, Mark Strahl; Minister of AANDC The Honourable Bernard Valcourt, Minister of the Environment and Minister of the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency and Minister for the Arctic Council The Honourable Leona Aglukkaq; and MP for Yukon Ryan Leef sign the document granting Royal Assent for the Northwest Territories Devolution Act.

Northwest Territories receives Royal Assent The Government of Canada has granted Royal Assent for the Northwest Territories Bill C-15, the final step in the legislative process to begin the implementation of the NorthwestTerritories Devolution Act and the devolution of provincelike powers to the Government of the Northwest Territories. This Act gives northerners

May/June 2014

more control over their land and resources, allowing northerners to make decisions about resource development in the territories so they benefit from the regions great resource potential. Governments will be able to ensure that development is appropriate, sustainable, responsible and aligned with the NWTâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own

priorities and values. It will help create jobs and improve the economy for northerners. This landmark occasion comes as a result of cooperation between the Government of Canada, the Government of the Northwest Territories,Aboriginal governments and groups, industry, stakeholders and northern citizens.

above & beyond

LIVING ABOVE & BEYOND

Role models awarded for achievements

L to R: Elizabeth Zarpa, last year’s Indspire Award Inuit Youth Recipient; Sarah Arngna’naaq, this year’s recipient; and Jean La Rose, Chief Executive Officer, Aboriginal Peoples Television Network.

Indspire has announced the recipients of the 21st Annual Indspire Awards. Two recipients are from Nunavut: James Eetoolook and Sarah Arngna’naaq. James Eetoolook received the Lifetime Achievement award. For over 45 years, James Eetoolook has been dedicated to serving the people of his home of Taloyoak. He was very involved in the negotiation of the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement when he was president of the Kitikmeot Inuit Association. Now, as VicePresident of Nunavut Tunngavik Inc.and Chair of the Inuit Wildlife and Environment Council, he works to protect Inuit culture and heritage, championing environment and wildlife issues. Sarah Arngna’naaq won in the Youth-Inuit category. She completed her Juris Doctor at the University of Victoria in 2012, is currently articling with the Department of Justice for the GNWT, and was called to the Bar in September 2013. She has always had a passion for law, particularly for laws of the Inuit people. Much of her work has been in the development of new laws and regulations for Nunavut as a separate territory. Nominations for the 2015 Indspire Awards are now open. https://indspire.ca/indspireawards/nominate-an-achiever/ 16

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James Eetoolook accepts his award.

May/June 2014

ÂŠ PAULA HUGHSON

LIVING ABOVE & BEYOND

Ukkusiksalik National Park.

More park land for Nunavut The Kivalliq Inuit Association (KIA) and the Government of Canada have completed a mutually beneficial land exchange including Crown lands and Inuit-owned land under the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement. The KIA transferred the parcel of land within Ukkusiksalik National Park, located on the eastern shore of Wager Bay,to the Crown.In exchange, the Government of Canada transferred two parcels of Crown land to the KIA, one located just west of Baker Lake and one northeast of Repulse Bay,for a total of 327 square kilometres.

The transfer will result in this culturally and archaeologically significant land becoming part of the Park, benefiting all Inuit and Nunavummiut from its conservation and economic opportunities. The 20,500-square kilometre Park is located on the northwest shore of Hudson Bay in the Kivalliq Region of Nunavut, near Repulse Bay. It is home to a reversing waterfall, 500 archaeological sites, polar bears, grizzly bears, Arctic wolf, caribou, seals and Peregrine falcons.

Cold Amazon, a new 22-minute documentary, profiles the geographical vastness, ecological vulnerability and cultural significance of the Mackenzie River watershed.Produced by theWalter and Duncan Gordon Foundation in Toronto and shot by Northerners, it is narrated by well-known Northerner and former journalist Paul Andrew and features interviews with government officials, Dene elders, scientists, policy makers, and artists. It was shot by NWT production company, aRTLeSS Collective and written by a former NWT resident, journalist Tim Querengesser. The film provides some beautiful footage of the basin in the winter and summer, in the air and on the water. May/June 2014

COURTESY COLD AMAZON

Cold Amazon promotes discussion

Its purpose is to promote discussion on what sustainable freshwater management means and what can be done to ensure that natural wonders like the Mackenzie basin are protected, because theyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re beautiful and sustainable for people in the North. For more information, contact Megan Lorius at Megan@gordonfn.org. above & beyond

LIVING ABOVE & BEYOND

Expedition specimen turns 110

“This a.m. Commander & I went ashore, got a good collection of plants,”wrote Dr.Lorris Borden in his journal on August 20,1904. Despite being picked 110 years ago, the plants that Borden collected that morning at Pond Inlet are still part of the National Herbarium of Canada. In 1903-04,the Neptune set out on a Dominion government expedition,commanded by geologist Albert Peter Low.It was the first government expedition to over winter in the North,spending nine months frozen in Fullerton Harbour,Hudson Bay.The expedition’s mission was to establish an official presence in the Arctic. It carried a detachment of six North West Mounted Police who would set up a post and keep an eye on foreign whalers. The expedition company This Alopecurus magellanicus Lamarck (labelled as Alopecurus alpinus Sm.), is one of the plants that Dr. Lorris Borden collected at Pond Inlet on August 20, 1904.

included a geologist, naturalist, topographer, and meteorologist.Along with its administrative and policing duties, it was also a scientific expedition. Borden was the ship’s surgeon and botanist. Borden was not a trained botanist. Although he had no idea of what they were, he carefully collected 64 plants to bring back to the Geological Survey of Canada museum. Back in Ottawa, botanist James Melville Macoun identified and named them. Borden’s botanical specimens are still part of the collection at the National Herbarium of the Canadian Museum of Nature, which holds more than 100,000 Arctic plant specimens. Borden could not have imagined that the plants he collected would still be of interest to botanists over a century later.

Season Osborne

Carving up inspiration Northern winners included Eli Nasogaluak ofYellowknife and son Desmond of Tuktoyaktuk, NWT and Randy Sibbeston from Fort Simpson and John Sabourin from Yellowknife, NWT. The judges for the 2014 event were: Lead Judge Chad Hartson, Ohio; Ikuo Kanbayashi, Ottawa; and Bill Nasogaluak, Toronto.

Dean Murray and Chris Foltz created Space Cowboy during the third annual De Beers Inspired Ice - NWT Ice Carving Championship in Yellowknife.

Wind chills up to -40C at times did not deter the perseverance of the artists chipping away at the ice in late March as they participated in the third annual De Beers Inspired Ice – NWT Ice Carving Championship. Eight teams from across North Lady in Glass by father and son team, Eli and America created works Desmond Nasogaluak. of art from cowboys to mermaids, with the top prize going to Dean Murray of Wisconsin, and Chris Foltz from Oregon, for their Space Cowboy sculpture.

The Catch by Randy Sibbeston, Fort Simpson, NWT, and John Sabourin, Yellowknife

arcticjournal.ca

May/June 2014

NEW MEDIA

A new web-documentary series is profiling people involved in research in Canada’s Arctic. Launched March 31, on the web at: arcticprofiles.ca — the site breathes visual and auditory life into the adventures researchers face in the field, with an emphasis on the critical importance of conducting meaningful environmental research in the North. Profiles from the Arctic will ultimately feature 25 interviews conducted with prominent scientists, students and staff working around Nunavut’s Resolute Bay area Polar Continental Shelf Program, an important research facility and logistics centre operating in Canada’s High Arctic. New profiles will be released regularly, in which the audience can engage with audio clips, short videos, and photographs. A key message of the series is the urgent need for more research in Canada’s Arctic.Large gaps in knowledge still remain in understanding how the Arctic environment will respond to socio-economic growth and development. Researchers are working hard to fill those gaps, studying such subjects as contaminants,

May/June 2014

Web-series profiles researchers in Canada’s Arctic

L to R: Steve Kessel, Caitlin O'Neill, Vicki Sahanatien, and Richard Crawford prepare for fish surgery on the coast near Resolute Bay, Nunavut.

bacteria, permafrost, glaciers, sharks, lakes, meteor impact,narwhals,and more.Their fieldwork exposes them to encounters with polar bears and wolves, all the while offering them a chance to work amidst some of the most spectacular landscapes in Canada.This unique web-series is a rare chance to gain an intimate

view of what researchers do and the challenges they face. Profiles from the Arctic is produced and directed by Katriina O’Kane and supported by the Canadian Polar Commission and a dedicated group of crowd-funders. To explore, visit www.arcticprofiles.ca

above & beyond

RESOURCES

New ship to service Nunavik mine

Nunavik waters will be frequented by a new ship, thanks to the newest Fednav icebreaker, MV Nunavik. MV Nunavik will service the Canadian Royalties owned Nunavik Nickel mine. The Nunavik is a Polar Class 4 vessel, which means it will be capable of year-round operation in thick, first-year ice. It is also the most powerful bulk-carrying icebreaker in the world. Fednav named the new ship to recognize the inhabitants and the region in which it will operate, as well as its project partner, Nunavik Nickel. The Nunavik Nickel mine is located at Deception Bay, just east of Salluit on the Hudson Strait coastline of Nunavik.

More women and youth wanted

World class diamonds found Three diamonds from CH-6 bulk sample Batch C. The largest diamond is an 8.87-carat octahedron; the other two are 1.60 and 0.59 carat yellow stones.

Results of a valuation done on sample diamonds from the Chidliak exploration site near Iqaluit is showing promising potential for the viability of developing the first diamond mine for Iqaluit. The sample, weighing 1,042.1 carats, is estimated to be worth $215,605 U.S., with an average per carat price of $213. The biggest stone found, an 8.87-carat octahedral diamond, is worth $36,158, $4,076 per carat. “These results establish Chidliak as a world class diamond district,” Peregrine Diamonds Ltd.’s CEO Eric Friedland says.

Canada’s Leading Retailer of Inuit Arts & Crafts

There are currently between 200 and 230 Inuit employed in Nunavik’s mining sector. Over the next 10 to 15 years,it is estimated there could be as many as four to six thousand jobs in the mining sector. To find ways to bring more workers to the mines, a number of regional organizations are joining together to form Nunavik’s mining employment strategy. Plans include prioritizing the hiring and retention of Nunavimmiut women and youth,forming training centres More women and youth are encouraged to seek training to work in the mining sector. and providing on-the-job training for retaining and promoting Inuit staff. Presently the partnership includes three Nunavik mines:Glencore Raglan, Canadian Royalties’ Nunavik Nickel and Oceanic Iron Ore, which is still in the exploration phase.

“Grazing Caribou” by Esa Kripanik, Igloolik, Nunavut

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www.northernimages.ca 20

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May/June 2014

MV Nunavik in Deception Bay.

KIKIAK

CONTRACTING LTD.

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May/June 2014

PRIVATE COLLECTION/KENN HARPER

Filming a scene in Michigan for Lost in the Arctic.

Nancy Columbia I N U I T S TA R O F S TA G E , S C R E E N A N D C A M E R A

By Kenn Harper

In the summer of 1911, Selig Polyscope Company, a pioneering Chicago venture in the new industry of silent film making, released a movie called The Way of the Eskimo. It played to large audiences and was widely reviewed as far afield as New Zealand and Australia. Early silent films were short and shot on relatively low budgets. This one was no exception. Filmed on the shores of Lake Michigan, which doubled for the Labrador coast, The Way of the Eskimo used only six actors. Four of them were Inuit. The star was 18-year-old Nancy Columbia, billed in this film as Columbia Enutseak. She also wrote the treatment from which the film was shot. This was the first Inuit-written and Inuit-cast film ever made, ninety years before Zacharias Kunukâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s highly acclaimed Atanarjuat, the previous claimant to this honour. Eleven years before Robert Flahertyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s groundbreaking work in Nanook of the North brought Inuit to mainstream audiences, Nancy Columbia appeared on screen in a film that she had written. At that time, she was the most famous Inuk in the world. Now largely forgotten, this is her amazing story.

May/June 2014

above & beyond

PRIVATE COLLECTION/KENN HARPER (4)

Esquimaux Village at the Chicago World’s Fair 1892.

Abile, Helena and Esther, holding Nancy, in the Eskimo Village at the Chicago World’s Fair 1893.

In the fall of 1892 a small schooner, the Evelena, arrived in Boston from Labrador, carrying a cargo unlike any that had arrived in that port before. It attracted the attention of the Boston Globe, who reported “queer-looking natives” crowding the ship’s rail “with their eyes protruding from their flat, flabby faces...” The Evelena carried a cargo of 60 Inuit. Ralph Taber, 28-year-old promoter and showman, had travelled the Labrador coast to recruit Inuit — Eskimos — to take to Chicago for a human ethnic exhibit to entertain and educate visitors to the World’s Columbian Exposition, better known as the Chicago World’s Fair, which would open the following spring. The life of a hunter on the Labrador coast was hard. Taber promised the Inuit they would be paid for their attendance and performances at the fair. They would be expected to demonstrate kayaking, dogsledding, native music, and hunting and fishing methods. The promoters would return them to their homes at the end of two years and pay them each 2000 Newfoundland shillings, about $100 in today’s money, plus a Winchester rifle and 200 cartridges for each man, thirty yards of calico and four woollen blankets for each woman, and a quantity of food and fish hooks for each family.

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May/June 2014

Among the Inuit was a family of three from the small Moravian mission station of Zoar. The breadwinner was Abile, a man in his late 40s who had been born at Nain. He was a hunter and fisherman who traded at the nearby Hudson’s Bay Company post of Davis Inlet. One report said he had “received something of an education at the missionary post in his native village, and is an exhorter of the Christian creed to his wild-mannered tribesmen...” He had married his wife, Helena Jeremias, five years his junior, when she was only sixteen. They were accompanied by their only child, a fifteen-year-old daughter, Esther. When she boarded the Evelena at Davis Inlet in late August, she was unmarried and four months pregnant. On January 16, 1893, over three months before the exposition would officially open, Esther gave birth to a daughter, a girl born for the camera. The first pictures of this American-born child of Labrador show her facing the camera directly, sometimes even smiling for the photographer. She would go on to become the most famous and most-photographed Inuk of her time. She was given the unwieldy name of Nancy Helena Columbia Palmer. Nancy was the name of her paternal grandmother, an Inuk herself, the mother of the young man in Labrador whose dalliance with Esther had resulted in her pregnancy. Helena was for Esther’s mother. Columbia was for Christopher Columbus, in whose honour the World’s Columbian Exposition was held. And Palmer? Mrs. Bertha Honoré Palmer was President of the fair’s Board of Lady Managers. She took an interest in the child and became her godmother. The girl was usually known as Nancy Columbia. The world into which Nancy was born was a world of hype and humbug, of ethnic stereotypes, of gawking visitors in search of the exotic and the unusual. Her first home was a wooden hut in winter, a sealskin tent in summer, both constructed incongruously on the edge of a lagoon in a burgeoning metropolis in America’s heartland. Surviving photographs of the infant Nancy show her in clothing which bears the distinctive trimmings of a Labrador Inuit costume. Perhaps Esther had already determined that returning to a life in Labrador was not in her own future, that the world of hucksters and flim-flam artists, the circus, the carnival and the midway, held more excitement and more promise. The Chicago World’s Fair, Nancy Columbia’s birthplace, was also her introduction to show business. It would become her life. The promoters who had brought the Inuit to Chicago left most of them stranded in the United States. Most straggled back to Labrador over the next few years. But Abile and his family of four remained voluntarily in America, putting on their own small “Eskimo” show at country fairs, dime museums, and even at the Ethnological Congress at Barnum and Bailey’s Circus. Abile demonstrated his skill with the whip, while Helena and Esther prepared skin clothing. Young Nancy was an attraction in her own right, the famous World’s Fair Baby. In 1894 the family even visited the White House. In 1896 Abile and Helena finally returned to Labrador, taking their granddaughter with them. Esther had married and stayed in New York. In Labrador Nancy was part of a community filled with aunts, uncles and cousins. Had she remained there, her life would have turned out quite differently. She would probably have attended the Moravian mission school at Hopedale. Eventually she would have married, probably to a hunter or fisherman. Her descendants would live in Nain or Hopedale today. But fate, in the person of Ralph Taber, intervened. The Chicago promoter sought out Esther in New York and promised to make her a star. In 1899, she and Taber sailed for Labrador where they recruited 30 Inuit, including Esther’s parents and Nancy and a number of other relatives, for a European tour. Some would not return to Labrador for two years. A few would die far from home. For Esther the unknown always held promise. Nancy inherited this trait from her mother. She was seven years old and had spent half her life in Labrador. But she would never see that rugged coast again. Their first engagement was in London, where they wintered. At the great exhibition hall, Olympia, they were part of a show called Briton, Boer and Black in Savage South Africa. The program advertised The Eskimo Encampment, bizarrely placed among the African attractions.

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Esther holds Nancy for the camera in Chicago 1893.

Nancy as a Baby on her Mother Esther's knee, Chicago 1893.

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Nancy poses with her bicycle.

Visitors flocked to see the Inuit. A reporter contrasted them with the Africans a few days after the event opened: “Very different are the little Eskimos. They stand about with a delightfully roguish air and a merry twinkle in their soft Mongolian eyes.” Published material from Olympia refers to Nancy’s “regular features and rosy complexion.” A newspaper described her as “one sweetly pretty little maid of about six” who was already “a finished coquette.” The troupe of Inuit entertainers moved on to Spain in the spring, and set up an Eskimo Village in a park in Madrid. During their two months there, at least one baby was born, another died, and one marriage took place. They put on the usual displays of Inuit life. At a kayak “regatta,” the winner won a number of packages of tobacco. From Madrid, they continued their strange odyssey, travelling to Barcelona, Paris, North Africa, and Naples.

PRIVATE COLLECTION/KENN HARPER (5)

Nancy and Esther pose with a visitor outside their tent at the Buffalo World’s Fair in 1901.

Nancy at play, St Louis 1904.

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Ethnographic shows were at the height of their popularity. Unlike the equally popular freak shows, these displays explicitly acknowledged the humanity of the Inuit — or Indians, or Japanese Ainu, or Arabs, or Filipinos, or others — and displayed them with an intent to entertain, but also to educate. Villages were built to be as realistic as possible. Promoters sometimes even employed scientists from the new discipline of anthropology, to ensure authenticity and bestow a seal of approval. The popular press had already brought an exotic world of people from far-off lands to the attention of readers in Europe and America. But ethnographic displays made that world a threedimensional reality, complete with sounds, smells, and actions. The Inuit established daily routines, performing tasks they might have carried out back home. Of course the men couldn’t hunt, but they demonstrated their prowess with the whip, cared for the dogs and made works of art. The women prepared skins and sewed, and cooked and cared for the children. It was important that they wore traditional clothing — in Chicago in 1893 the public had expressed strong disapproval when Inuit appeared in jeans instead of sealskins in the summer heat. Nancy was part of this world. The European shows set the stage for the next 20 years of her life. She had been an ethnographic specimen, an exhibit, for half her life. Strangers had stared at her, pointed at her, and perhaps occasionally laughed at her. But through all this, she had persevered. Her photographs from these years show an apparently well-adjusted girl. Scholars have commented that ethnographic exhibitees seldom smiled for the camera, instead averting their gaze and often looking sullen and dejected. Not Nancy. More often than not, she gazed directly into the camera, smiling. She had done this since infancy, usually radiating self-confidence. On occasion her stare even appears defiant.

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The Inuit left Naples in 1901 aboard the Trojan Prince, bound for the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. This was the least pleasant of all their experiences at ethnographic exhibitions anywhere in the world. Their quarters weren’t ready when they arrived and they were put up in a cattle pen at the stockyards. Soon three were in the hospital. Esther explained, “They all have colds. They are not well any of the time and they will never be well till they get back in the cold country.” The Buffalo show marked the first appearance of Inuit in film. The new medium was in its infancy and features were unbelievably short. Thomas Edison’s company shot three films of the Labrador Inuit there. The first, Esquimaux Village, lasted 51 seconds. The shortest, Esquimaux Game of Snap-the-Whip, was only 24 seconds. The final film was a demonstration called Esquimaux Leap-Frog. All three films total just over two minutes – 128 seconds. Yet they are important for they are the first films ever made of Inuit, and, miraculously, they have survived. They would also presage a later phase in the lives of Esther and Nancy. Ralph Taber left the show in Buffalo and turned his interests over to a man named John Smith, who soon married Esther. Brief shows followed in Charleston and Atlanta, Nancy Columbia in 1909.

then Smith relocated his family and the few other Inuit who remained with them to work at Coney Island, the most famous amusement park in America. In September of 1903 the population of the Eskimo Village increased by one when Esther gave birth to a son, Norman. Two years later, Abile died, and sometime thereafter his widow Helena returned to Labrador. The rest of the group remained at Coney Island until 1906 except for their appearance at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis in 1904. At Coney Island they were part of an attraction called Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea, a simulation of a submarine ride to the North Pole, and a later attraction, New York to the North Pole. It was here also that Esther adopted the name Esther Eneutseak; the surname means “good person.” In 1909 Esther’s family, which included two relatives, Zacharias Zad and Simon Aputik, who had been with them since Buffalo, appeared at the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition, more commonly known as the Seattle World’s Fair. There Nancy, aged sixteen, won the beauty contest and was crowned “Queen of the Pay Streak,” that fair’s fanciful name for the midway. The ever-fawning press called her “Columbia, Gem of the Arctic,” and added, “Columbia isn’t anything if she isn’t attractive and she knows she is as she flashed her sunny smile at you... She is wholly feminine and her Eskimo trappings but add novelty to her other charms.” Photographs from Seattle show her in her usual fur costume, holding a long whip with an ivory handle.

Nancy at the Seattle World’s Fair 1909.

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Nancy as “Queen of the Pay Streak” in Seattle 1909.

The Seattle World’s Fair marked the last hurrah for the ethnographic shows that had proved popular for so many years. They would continue for some time, but they dwindled in popularity because of new competition. The motion picture industry had evolved from its modest beginnings. Film was becoming all the rage. By 1910, 15 to 20 new films were released in America each week. In the fall of 1910 Nancy and her extended family were entertaining at the Appalachian Exposition in Knoxville, Tennessee, where they met a then-unknown cowboy performer called Tom Mix. He hired them and took them to Jacksonville, Florida, where they would perform in at least three films for the Selig Polyscope Company. Their roles were small, bit parts really. Ironically, a stereotype had already developed as to what an “Indian” should look like in the movies, and the Plains Indian was seen as the ideal. The Seminoles in Florida didn’t look enough like “picture Indians,” so white men in painted faces and Inuit from Labrador portrayed them. The first of these films, The Seminole’s Sacrifice, like so many movies from this era, is a “lost” movie, a film of which no print survives. The Witch of the Everglades, however, survives intact, and Nancy plays a brief role in it. Only a snippet of Life on the Border exists, but Nancy can be seen dressed in Plains Indian costume.

Below: Nancy Columbia in Plains Indian Costume on a movie set.

The Inuit left Florida for Chicago with William V. Mong, a Selig director. In Escanaba in northern Michigan in early 1911, they made two films in which Nancy Columbia played a starring role. The first, written by Mong, was called Lost in the Arctic. It was followed by The Way of the Eskimo, written by Nancy herself. Tragically, these are also “lost” films. No copies are known to survive. But release flyers exist, as do a few still shots and the continuity script for The Way of the Eskimo. That film probably lasted only 10 minutes, an average length for the time. Reviews for both movies were generally favourable. The Way of the Eskimo was described as “a romance enacted on the snowfields of Labrador.” One review noted that “the leading part has been taken by a young Esquimo girl of American birth, and that all the other characters — with the exception of two American trappers... — have been sustained by Eskimos.” Nancy was described as “a bright intelligent young lady” and “a clever actress.” Mysteriously, the Inuit starred in no more movies after the 1911 success of these two Selig films. Instead, the family travelled to Germany where they performed at an ethnic show at Hagenbeck’s Zoo in Hamburg. They appeared briefly at an ice-skating rink called “La Pole Nord” in Brussels, then returned to Seattle, where John Smith took a job at the Hudson Bay Fur Company. In 1915 Smith opened an Eskimo Village at the Ocean Park pier in Santa Monica, California, on the shores of the Pacific Ocean. Predictably, Nancy was the star of the 28

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show. But the attraction was short-lived; it was destroyed by fire in late December, and Smith did not rebuild. Nonetheless, Santa Monica provided Nancy and her siblings — two more brothers and a sister had been born since Coney Island – with something they had never really had before — a home. They never left the city, settling into an attractive home on Marine Drive. Hollywood, next door to Santa Monica, was by then the undisputed centre of the film industry in America. Westerns were a popular genre, but there was a similar type called “the Northern” or “the snow picture,” also popular during this period. Nancy and Esther returned to acting, and played roles in a number of westerns and “snow pictures.” Both women played Inuit and Indian roles, usually working for Thomas Ince and his Inceville studio, located in the Santa Monica hills. Esther also played Japanese roles, despite the existence of a burgeoning Japanese community in the Los Angeles area. Family lore has it that she played in one movie with the most famous Japanese actor of the time, Sessue Hayakawa, and that she appeared in a movie directed by the young Cecil B. deMille. Nancy appeared in a number of movies, most of them lost films, and once again played a Plains Indian role in the 1920 release of The Last of the Mohicans, a film that has survived. In 1920, the involvement of this remarkable Inuit family in movies abruptly ended. Two years later Nancy married Ray Melling, a film projectionist at a local theatre. They had one child, Esther Sue, who herself worked in the costume department of MGM Studios as a wigmaker. Nancy and Ray eventually divorced. Nancy never returned to show business. She found work as the manager of La Playa Apartment Building, near the beach in her beloved Santa Monica. She, her siblings and their mother Esther remained close. Esther and John Smith separated in the 1930s and remained apart until his death in 1940. Nancy suffered a stroke in 1948 and walked with a limp for the rest of her life. She died in 1959 and is buried in the peaceful Woodlawn Cemetery in the city that had become her home. Esther outlived her by two years and is buried next to her. Nancy Columbia was a professional child entertainer, an accomplished young woman who had spoken Inuktut in her childhood, and was fluent in English, French and German. An accomplished musician, she played the violin, piano and mandolin. She knew Buffalo Bill and Geronimo and her formative years were peopled with an assortment of sword-swallowers, jugglers, contortionists, fat men, bearded ladies and

Nancy dressed in Alaskan costume 1914.

PRIVATE COLLECTION/KENN HARPER (4)

clowns. She and her family saw more of the world than any Inuit of her generation. She visited the White House as a baby, and was present in Buffalo on the fateful day in 1901 when President McKinley was assassinated. She began her journey into the hearts of Americans as a baby in Chicago. Her three years of childhood in Labrador helped to equip her for the roles that would follow, as a star of ethnographic attractions and film. She, her mother Esther, and the Inuit associated with their various shows appeared in at least 19 films over two decades. Nancy smiled for the camera, posed in her Labrador costume, and was instrumental in creating for many Americans their first impression of Inuit life. This attractive Inuit woman, the first Inuk to be an actress and screen-writer, made her mark on show business in the first half of her life, before fading into the anonymity that one suspects she craved, out of the limelight, at home in Santa Monica.

Nancy Columbia and Ray Melling on their wedding day.

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O F F E R

Y E A R - R O U N D

S P L E N D O U R

ÂŠ PETER McMAHON

By Peter McMahon

May/June 2014

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idal waves of aurora crash overhead, as if we’re standing at the bottom of a sea of light, here on the salt plains of Wood Buffalo National Park. It’s midnight on a warm Northwest Territories evening in September, as a dim fountain of white turns into a purple-green arc stretching from the eastern horizon all the way to the west. “This is by far the best I’ve ever seen,” says Amy Lusk. A resident of nearby Fort Smith, she’s out here on the salt plains with some friends after learning online of a possible solar storm tonight.“It’s like a cosmic gymnast twirling her ribbons across the sky,” she continues, noting that she’s seen the aurora throughout the Rockies but never with this much movement. Last year, Wood Buffalo became the largest of the world’s 40 dark-skypreserves, “astronomy parks” that defend the night from urban light pollution. The park — already a UNESCO World Heritage site — is large enough to swallow Switzerland, or Saturn’s moon Mimas. Around 1 am, the purple-green arc of light lets loose into a full-out all-sky aurora, like a projection on a great IMAX screen of nature. “Awesome,” says Lusk, with no words left. Here in total darkness — an hour from Fort Smith (pop. 2,496) — we see the full glory of the Northern Lights: every wisp, strand, curve and filament... not to mention the sparkling river of the Milky Way beyond. The grandness of this experience isn’t lost on the folks at Parks Canada, who partnered with the local astronomy club for their dark sky designation from the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. Through this partnership, the town holds an annual astronomy festival (August 22-24 this year) – something cities of 50,000 struggle to do. What’s more, the Wood Buffalo main office recently took ownership of two 30-seat digital planetariums, able to rocket audience members off the Earth, orbiting around planets, and flying through dense spiral arms of whole galaxies. The portable domes are outfitted to travel between the theatre at Wood Buffalo’s interpretation centre in Fort Smith and remote locations across the NWT, as well as being able to bring the park’s dark skies to larger centres like Yellowknife and Fort McMurray. Such science-centre-level experiences, based out of a town that only has three restaurants (four in the summer) are a sign of a larger trend across the NWT: While traditional tourist draws like fishing are dwindling in their appeal, night-sky-based tourism has roared to life, rising 50 per cent in the last year alone. Now, more and more people are starting to realize what the astro-nerds have been saying for years, space tourism is the next big thing in Canada’s North. James Pugsley drives down 50th Avenue on the way to his part-time gig... as a lighthouse keeper in the largest town in the territory. The lighthouse isn’t a beacon on the shores of Great Slave Lake, though; it’s on the top of a sushi restaurant in downtown Yellowknife. A brainchild of Pugsley’s, the Northern Lighthouse project is the latest way the NWT is capitalizing on the surge of Northern Lights-based tourism and distinguishing itself as the “aurora capital of the world,” a designation backed-up these days by scientific data and a constant stream of packed hotels. With the help of local and territorial sponsors, Pugsley’s non-profit group, Astronomy North, built five metre-high model lighthouses that glow different colours according to the Northern Lights forecast for the coming 24 hours: blue for periods of relative auroral calm, green for the likelihood of an average evening of Northern Lights, and red for a chance of geomagnetic storms that could trigger vibrant multicoloured displays across the sky.

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Locals and visitors to Yellowknife get street-level aurora forecasts for the evening ahead, thanks to colour-coded alerts on top of five 'Northern Lighthouses’ placed at high-traffic areas throughout the city.

“It’s a high-traffic area here,” says Pugsley as he aims a specialized remote-control at the ‘lighthouse’ on the roof of Sushi North restaurant to change the beacon from flashing green to flashing red. “At the very least, we’re pretty much reaching the entire community that craves sushi.” You could say this is the lowest-tech space “app” ever built: Pugsley and a series of volunteer Northern Lighthouse Keepers as young as age nine drive, walk or take public transit to one of five locations around town to flip each Lighthouse from one colour to another every time that ‘space weather’ from the Sun headed towards Earth heralds a possible change in Northern Lights activity. “Lots of people stop to photograph them,” Pugsley says. “I’ve gone up to change a light and watched a group of visitors jump up and down with excitement. It’s been a dramatic way to teach locals and tourists about what’s in store for them in the sky each night.” For ‘Version 2.0’ of the project, Pugsley says he’s aiming to have the lighthouses update remotely from a web-based alert system. Such a system would make the lighting changes more accurate and allow additional sets of lighthouses in Yellowknife and other northern communities to synchronize their beacons (there’ve already been requests for lighthouses in several other NWT communities.) But perhaps the most important development in the NWT tourism trade is something long-time connoisseurs have suspected for decades: That the concept that aurora activity “peaking” every 11 years-or-so is a fallacy in the North. For centuries, scientists have noted that the number of sunspots — “energy volcanoes” that spew charged particles into space in the form of solar flares — on the surface of the Sun is greatest every 11-years (giveor-take-a-year). During this peak, the auroal-oval — a halo of Northern Lights that hangs over the North Pole tilted slightly towards Canada and away from Europe — can extend from the North down to Edmonton, sometimes Toronto, and in very rare cases, Miami. Because of this phenomenon, tour operators and marketers have long assumed that the best time to view

the aurora in the best place on Earth was during this once-every11-year “Solar Max.” That was, until researchers with the University of Calgary and the Canadian Space Agency joined forces with Pugsley and his Astronomy North team to analyze three years of data from a series of sensors and cameras that had been placed around the Yellowknife area. After looking through thousands of images and 678 time-lapse videos, they found that in the North there effectively is no “maximum” — the Northern Lights look the same month-over month, year-overyear. According to data from the CSA/U Calgary-funded AuroraMAX cameras, out of 559 nights that were clear enough to see auroras from 2010-2013, auroras were spotted above Yellowknife on 556 of those nights. The AuroraMAX Project, in particular, is providing new evidence that strongly supports the territory’s claim. “We’re thrilled to provide this data to the people of the Northwest Territories,” says U Calgary physicist Eric Donovan, one of the world’s top aurora researchers.“This is an outstanding example of how scientific research is supporting tourism in Canada.” The scientific evidence is vindication for what some tour operators say they’ve known all along. “In 22 years, I’ve never noticed a difference,” says internationally renowned aurora photographer and videographer Yuichi Takasaka. Since 1992, Takasaka has led Japanese travellers on photography tours of the Yellowknife area in a career that’s spanned two solar cycles. “If you take a look at my photos over the last 10 years of the current solar cycle, there’s no change at all in the quality of auroras,” he says, scrolling though screen-afterscreen of his online portfolio from 2002-2014. We’re outside now with Yuichi’s latest tour group, waiting for the sky to darken enough for the chance to photograph an aurora. Suddenly, the sky ignites with a grand orchestration of green and red. So far, the awed silence of the night’s reward is broken only by the random clicks of shutters opening and closing at 1-20-second intervals. “Sugoi!” says one tour member several times with giddy enthusiasm, her head turned skyward, transfixed on the aurora. “That means, ‘Great!’” says Takasaka. It’s at this point that I realize that we are literally looking at a piece of our Sun — a nuclear furnace more than a million times the size of our planet — reaching out across the Solar System to tickle the Earth’s atmosphere. For tourists in search of the perfect place and time for a cosmic adventure, who could ask for anything more? Peter McMahon has written space articles for Canadian Geographic, the CAA, Air Canada’s enRoute, Frommer’s Travel, and SkyNews: The Canadian Magazine of Astronomy & Stargazing, where he is a contributing editor. For more on the Northern Lighthouse project, aurora-based activities in Yellowknife and Wood Buffalo, as well as a gallery of aurora photos spanning more than a decade, check out WildernessAstronomy.com

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May/June 2014

RANKIN INLET cq6Oi6 (Kangiqliniq)

Rankin Inlet, or Kangiqliniq (â&#x20AC;&#x153;deep bay/inletâ&#x20AC;? in Inuktitut), is one of the largest communities in Nunavut. It is the business and transportation hub of the Kivalliq region and the gateway to Nunavut from Central and Western Canada. Due to the large volume of traffic through the area, as well as a history of regional government, mining and exploration, Rankin Inlet has developed a strong taskforce of entrepreneurs. Freight expediters, equipment suppliers and outfitters provide tourists and businesses in the area with a wide variety of services.

The Iqalugaarjuup Nunanga Territorial Historic Park is a favourite spot for hiking, fishing and bird watching. Archaeological sites, such as the European whaler shipwreck near Marble Island and the Thule site in the Ijiraliq River area offer an historical perspective. Come take a Walking Tour and you will see where an ancient past borders on a vibrant present. The community includes various recreational facilities such as a hockey arena, curling arena, baseball diamond, recreational volleyball, basketball, soccer, badminton and hockey, an outdoor beach volleyball court and soccer field, an 18-hole golf course, and playgrounds. A variety of events are planned throughout the year such as arts and crafts shows, square dances, bingo, Pakalluk Time (town festival), Avataq Hockey Tournament, Christmas activities and many more.

With the welcoming attitude of the people, mining development, hotel construction, and opening of the Wellness Facility in 2013, Rankin Inlet is a great place to live, visit, work or start a business. Rankin Inlet is a growing community with great potential.

867-645-2895

info@rankininlet.ca

www.rankininlet.ca

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Yellowknife welcomes the sun at its annual Long John Jamboree Photos by Kyle Thomas

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ARTS, CULTURE & EDUCATION

Annie Aningmiuq addresses the land claim signatories and Nunavummiut on behalf of Inuit youth.

Watching history being made ay 25, 1993: The big day. Prime Minister Mulroney arrived at the parking lot in the front of Inuksuk High School in Iqaluit in a large black bulletproof vehicle that they must have flown up from Ottawa especially for the day.He got out,flanked by the usual contingent of intimidating men in dark suits (until we realized that most were just local Mounties who we all knew) and was then greeted by the usual dignitaries outside the building before striding into the school. However, we, the teachers, had anticipated this event for some time and thought that since the school was playing host to history, then perhaps history could contribute something to the school. Inuksuk High had been looking somewhat tattered for quite a while. It had been due for a retrofit on more than one occasion but it just never seemed to get it. So, being teachers and thus a somewhat devious bunch,we decided to make it happen in our own sweet way. As part of the event May/June 2014

planning for the prime ministerial visit to our school we had ensured that the country’s leader would have to proceed through as much of the building as possible,in particular through rooms and halls where the paint was peeling and the flooring shabby. Naturally the GNWT Department of Public Works did not wish to look inadequate so it spent a busy couple of months prior to the big event painting and repairing everything in sight and so we finally got the school retrofit done in our uniquely own roundabout way. Once inside the building,Mulroney and the chief Inuit land claim negotiators ended up in the freshly painted staff room. There were only two others present, both photographers, myself and Terry Pearce. It was an interesting experience. Here was the culmination of two decades of negotiations crowded into a small teachers’ lounge, with the famous players so familiar to us from appearances in the media all standing quietly around an old worn table

while the PM signed six copies of the land claim document. There was no clapping, no cheering, no overt emotion. Almost passing for innocuous,this little gathering was actually major history being made as if in slow motion,

Annie Aningmiuq and Annie Attagoyuk.

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Elders and other Nunavummiut watch the signing ceremony in the school gym.

After the signing, the official group then proceeded to the school gym where a stage, dressed up with qamutiit, Inuit weaponry and

ÂŠ NICK NEWBERY (2)

the first final steps of the most powerful and successful event to date in native politics in North America.

seal and polar bear skins (that had mysteriously disappeared from various parts of the school over the previous three days) awaited the politicians.It had been just over 20 years since the InuitTapirisat of Canada and the new young Inuit leadership had set the first political ball rolling towards a land claim and a reclamation of their own territory. Now, today, the buzz of anticipation that had been percolating in the gymnasium gave way to a roar when the northern leaders and the PM walked in. The ceiling almost blew off with the noise of the applause combined with the swelling sense of pride and delight. Mulroney may, according to the media of that time, have been one of the most disliked men in Canada then â&#x20AC;&#x201D; on that day, in that room, in that school, no such sentiment existed. For all the rhetoric of other political parties, it was Mulroney who actually got the land claim settled, albeit with a push from the poor press he got over the treatment of native people during the 1990 Oka crisis.

Nellie Cournoyea (then Premier of GNWT) and John Amagoalik (then Chair, Nunavut Implementation Commission).

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ARTS, CULTURE & EDUCATION The gym had been divided into sections, for Inuit leaders, for elders, for school children, and for everyone else.The balcony was packed. It was later rumoured that the fire marshal might have been decoyed to another part of town that day so that he would not be aware of the possible threat to the gym’s capacity limits being challenged by the over-crowding in the school due to the huge public interest in this event! Of the many speeches given that day, most of us liked best the one given by Annie Aningmiuq. Annie, dressed in a white amauti, speaking on behalf of Inuit youth, was poised, poignant and powerful and you could have heard a pin drop during her delivery.This land claim settlement and this newly proposed Nunavut territory offered Inuit hope and emancipation. And to non-Inuit, the event was also a source of pride, that, despite the many mistakes made in the recent past, at least Canada had finally recognized Inuit as full partners and was welcoming them into the Canadian federation. After Annie’s speech, the representatives from the federal government, the GNWT and the Tungavik Federation of Nunavut all put their names to the six documents that Mulroney had first signed in the staff room. When Paul

Quassa (the chief land claims negotiator) and Brian Mulroney held up signed copies for the crowd to witness, the roof almost came off the building. Then, to confirm that this was very much a Canadian treaty-signing occasion, Susan Aglukkaq, the ex-land claim worker and now famous singer, stepped up to lead a choir singing the national anthem in Inuktitut,French and English,a first-time event in Canada.There were tears in many eyes. This was a day of great achievement, which came with happiness and a feeling of pride. For some, particularly those who had worked so hard for so long to make this happen, there must have been an undeniable sense of relief. Inuit had taken on a large, powerful southern government and negotiated the largest native land claim ever. It was the writing of a page of history. So when the signing event was over and as the signatories proceeded from the room, people rose to their feet to show their approval of their leaders and what had just occurred... that Inuit had agreed to join Canada but as equals, on their own terms. Once more, after the event, the Prime Minister found himself in the parking lot at the front of the high school, this time surrounded by several hundred cheering elementary school children holding Canadian

flags. For a short while, as his car tried to pull away, it was blocked by the enthusiasm of youth that wanted to peer and wave at him through the bulletproof glass. This was the North.We didn’t get Prime Ministers dropping in every day and naturally the kids wanted to take a look at the famous man who they only knew of from their television screens and who was only visiting for a few hours. Of course, eventually the men in suits had their way, law and order was somewhat restored and the Prime Minister of Canada was driven slowly away, having finally agreed to return to Inuit the inheritance and territory that was rightfully theirs.

Nick Newbery Nick Newbery was a teacher in Nunavut for 30 years and was at Inuksuk High School in Iqaluit in 1993 when the Nunavut Land Claim Agreement was signed.Sensing the importance of the occasion,he took pictures of the events that day and was allowed behind the scenes with then Prime Minister, Mulroney, and the Inuit leaders. This story is a personal account of that significant moment in northern history.

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SCIENCE

Blooming Yukon fireweed.

Ancient arctic beasts feasted on wildflowers W

alk out your back door and take a look around.What do you see? If you’re a city dweller,you likely see cars, concrete, and construction.If you’re a rural resident, maybe forests, farms, and firewood.But whatever your surroundings, try to imagine what they looked like 50,000 years ago. Were they similar or drastically different?

Scientists have been asking this exact question about the Arctic tundra. Specifically, they want to learn about the evolution of Arctic vegetation, and if the plants that make up the vast northern plains have changed over the past tens of thousands of years. You may think of the Arctic as a landscape frozen in time,but its biodiversity has undergone major shifts over the millennia — remember, it wasn’t that long ago that colossal creatures, like woolly mammoths, roamed the Far North. Luckily the details of these ecological shifts,

like much of the Arctic’s natural history, are preserved within ancient DNA found deep in the permafrost. Given enough time, just about everything in the Arctic worms its way into the permafrost. This means that the DNA trapped inside permafrost is a genetic hodgepodge, originating from a diversity of sources, such as the toothy and bony remains of long-dead animals, decomposed plants, miscellaneous microbes, and even prehistoric poop and age-old urine deposits.

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SCIENCE Recently, to better understand prehistoric northern landscapes, an international team of researchers isolated DNA from hundreds of permafrost samples taken from twenty-one sites across the Alaskan,European,and Siberian Arctic. Carbon dating showed that the sediment samples range from a few hundred to over fifty thousand years old, but the coolest findings came from the DNA sequences within the frozen dirt.

They then used these data to piece together a history of the different plant species that populated the Arctic over a fifty-thousand-year period. The results of this analysis, which were published in the journal Nature, suggest that there was a surprisingly large amount of plant diversity in the ancient Arctic, slightly more diversity, in fact, than the contemporary Arctic environment. What’s more, the types of plants found in the Arctic have changed considerably over time. After sequencing huge amounts of permafrost DNA and digitally sifting through millions of genes, the scientists were able to tease out the genetic information that came from plants. They then used these data to piece together a history of the different plant species that populated the Arctic over a fifty-thousandyear period.The results of this analysis, which were published in the journal Nature, suggest that there was a surprisingly large amount of plant diversity in the ancient Arctic, slightly more diversity, in fact, than the contemporary Arctic environment. What’s more, the types May/June 2014

of plants found in the Arctic have changed considerably over time. For example, if you travelled back in time fifty millennia and landed in the Arctic, you would probably spot lots of wildflowers and other types of herbaceous vascular plants (things commonly referred to as forbs) spread across dry steppes. But fast-forward to the present-day Arctic and you’ll find more woody plants and grasses scattered across wet tundra. The researchers believe that the forbs declined from the Far North around fifteen thousand years ago, and at around the same time there was a slow transition from a relatively dry to a more moist tundra environment. I know what you’re thinking: Is there really much of a difference between forbs and grasses? Well, if you are a ten-thousand-pound woolly mammoth,there is a big difference.Wildflowers, and forbs in general, pack a lot of protein and are more nutrient-rich and more easily digested than grasses.Thus,if you’re a prodigious woolly beast wanting to put on and keep on weight, forbs are likely a better bet than grasses. The researchers argue that the decline in forbs might be associated with the extinction of ice-age beasts. To explore this hypothesis further, they explored the stomach contents of ancient woolly mammoth, woolly rhino, bison, and horse specimens from Siberia and Alaska, some of which are estimated to be fifty-five thousand years old. Sure enough, they found an abundance of forbs within the tummies of these ice-age giants, supporting the view that the disappearance of the large woolly mammals that once grazed the northern steppes is linked to the decline of forbs from the Arctic. This study is a testament to how innovations in DNA sequencing technologies are transforming how we do science. Ten years ago it would have been inconceivable for a relatively small team of researchers to sequence and analyze DNA from hundreds of samples of permafrost. One can’t help but wonder what new genetic techniques the next decade will bring — techniques that will not only help the health sciences and the fight against disease, but will change the way we view the history and evolution of life on Earth.

David Smith David Smith is an assistant professor in the Biology Department at Western University.You can find him online at www.arrogantgenome.com.

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May/June 2014

SPORT

Kuujjuaq musher wins Ivakkak

Allen Gordon and Manngik Kooktook from Kuujjuaq race to victory at Ivakkak 2014.

uujjuaq musher Allen Gordon and his partner Manngik Kooktook are the 2014 winners of Nunavik’s Ivakkak dog team race, completing the race with a time of 31 hours and 46 minutes. The 400-kilometre race began in Kangiqsujuaq on March 10 with 11 teams and 128 dogs. Gordon received $9,000 from Makivik Corp.,the race’s main organizer and sponsor, along with a $12,000 gift certificate from the FCNQ,and other prizes from race sponsors like the KMHB, First Air and Nunavik Creations.

And the winners are… T

he 2014 winner of Cain’s Quest is Team #73 Watkins-Willmott of Labrador City, Newfoundland. In second place is Team #77 Backcountry Ravens of Happy Valley-Goose Bay and third place,Team #7 snowXcapes.com of Ontario.Teams receive prizes of $50,000, $30,000 and $20,000 respectively. Conditions for this year’s race were the toughest yet with frigid temperatures, night riding and rough terrain for most of the 3,300 km run throughout Labrador. Twenty-nine teams signed up for the race, with less than one-third of the teams crossing the finish line. Cain’s Quest is the world’s longest and toughest snowmobile endurance race,Teams of two snowmobile over un-groomed trails stretching around Labrador, through 20 checkpoints over five to six gruelling days. For more information on Cain’s Quest, visit cainsquest.com. May/June 2014

Cain’s Quest 2014 winners are Jason Watkins and Kevin Willmott, Team 73 Watkins-Willmott, of Labrador City, Newfoundland and Labrador.

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May/June 2014

SPORT

2014 Arctic Winter Games Bringing home gold ulus Athletes participating in the 2014 Arctic Winter Games represented their home province in a variety of sport disciplines from Arctic sports and Dene games to snow shoeing, skiing and dog mushing to badminton, table tennis and soccer.The top award in each category is recognized with a gold ulu. Here are some highlights of athletes earning top awards in their category from Greenland, Nunavik, Nunavut, the Northwest Territories, and the Yukon. Team Nunavik This year’s Games saw Nunavik’s largest contingent ever, with 62 athletes ranging from 11 to 32 years of age.The Team brought home seven gold ulus.

Edua Jones, flag bearer for Team Nunavik-Quebec, with other athletes and coaches of the TNQ contingent during the Opening Ceremony at the 2014 Arctic Winter Games in Fairbanks, Alaska.

Dylan Gordon for Team Nunavik-Quebec won two gold ulus at the Games, one in Kneel Jump and one in All-around Junior Male.

• Kuujjuaq’s Dylan Gordon, 16, won gold in the Junior Male Kneel Jump with a distance of 135.3 cm and also received a gold for All Around Junior Male. • In the Juvenile Female Finger Pull, 14-year-old Nikita Johannes took home a gold ulu as well as a gold for the All Around Juvenile Female. • Edua Jones, the Team’s 29-year-old flag bearer from Inukjuak, won gold in the Open Male Finger Pull event. • Penina Chamberland won a gold ulu in the Arctic Sports Arm Pull Junior Female category. • Team Nunavik Quebec also won gold for the Dene Games Hand Games Juvenile Female event.

Team Greenland Overall Team Greenland brought home 23 gold ulus and also won the Hodgson Trophy for best overall sportsmanship during the 2014 Games. This is the third time Team Greenland has won this award having previously won in 1994 and 2002. • The Greenland Badminton athletes had a strong showing winning a total of 10 golds in the sport. • Tonny Fisker won a gold ulu in the Arctic Sports Head Pull category. • Team Greenland won five gold ulus in a variety of Dene Games with Jens Jørgen Lange also receiving a gold in the Dene Games All Around Open Male category.

May/June 2014

• The Junior Male Greenland Team won the gold in Indoor Soccer. • Mathias Mark won three golds in snowboarding in the Slalom, Rail Jam and Team competitions. Jonas Strømsted received his gold for Arctic Air snowboarding. • Ivik Nielsen, Junior Male and Nuka Jeremiassen, Juvenile Male won gold in the Table Tennis Singles.

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May/June 2014

SPORT • Snow shoeing Short Distance gold winners were Aidan Bradley for Combined Junior Team Yukon brought home 22 gold ulus from the Arctic Winter Games. Male and Alice Patricia Frost-Hanberg for • Skiing participants brought home six gold Combined Juvenile Female. Kieran Lewis with Katie Vowk winning in Alpine Skiing Halliday won a gold each in Snow shoeing Slalom Juvenile Female, Josie Storey in 5.0 km Cross-Country Junior Male and the Alpine Skiing Kombi Junior Female, and 10.0 km Cross-Country Junior Male. Daniel Nadia Moser in the Biathlon Ski 7.5 km David Sennett earned his gold ulu in Individual Junior Female, Biathlon Ski 6.0 km the Biathlon Snowshoe 3 km Individual Sprint Junior Female and Biathlon Ski 7.5 km Juvenile Male race. Mass Start Junior Female. Kieran Haliday, Team • Robyn Poulter won a gold ulu in Arctic Sport Yukon, competes in the Junior Boy Snowshoeing. Kneel Jump Junior Female. • In the Dene Games Snow Snake event, Junior Male participants Anthony Matt Primozic brought home the Team Yukon Haylie Grant (L to R) Brayden Klassen wins two gold in gold in the Junior Male category, Doronn and Trygg Jensen, both Snowboarding. Fox in the Open Male. for Team Yukon, compete for a gold ulu in Curling. • Haylie Elizabeth Grant earned two gold ulus in snowboarding: one for Slopestyle Juvenile Female and one for Arctic Air Juvenile Female. • Team Yukon also placed first in the Snow shoeing 4 X 400 m Relay Reanna Newsome received her gold in Snowboarding Rail Jam Junior Mix, Dene Games Hand Games Junior Female and Open Juvenile Female and Esa Suominen for his in Snowboarding Team Male, Junior Male Curling and Junior Female Indoor Soccer. Competition Juvenile Male.

Team NWT Team NWT’s 271 athletes came home with 25 gold medals from the 2014 Arctic Winter Games in Fairbanks, Alaska. Speed skating, Arctic sports, Dene games and dog mushing were some of the NWT’s strongest sports.

Drew Bell with his first gold medal, one of five he won at the Games.

Team Nunavut Nunavut’s contingent of 279 athletes participated in 20 sports throughout the games, bringing home six gold ulus. Team Nunavut received a gold in the Short Track Speed Skating 2000 m Relay Juvenile Female category. • Drew Bell received a gold for the Arctic Sports All Around Open Male, earning the top spots in the One Foot High Kick, Two Foot High Kick, Kneel Jump and Triple Jump.

May/June 2014

• Top NWT medallist Veronica McDonald from Fort Smith, participated in her fifth AWG and won two gold medals in Arctic sport events: one in the Two-Foot High Kick and one in the Triple Jump as well as for Arctic Sports All Around Open Female. • Fort Smith’s Ryan Tourangeau, NWT athletes pose for a team photo at the 2014 Arctic Winter Games. a first-time AWG athlete, was named the top male competitor for the Junior Males Finger Pull and took home a gold ulu for Overall Individual Dene Games Champion. • Dominique Bennett and Lauren Eggenberger, both junior speed skaters from Yellowknife, each earned four gold medals in their sport, while Daphné Cloutier took three golds in Juvenile Female Speed Skating. • Brittany Leanne Green won gold in the Arctic Sports Arm Pull Open Female category. • Stephanie Charlie and Holly Archie each won a gold in the Dene Games Snow Snake event for Junior Female and Juvenile Female respectively. • Jared Tordoff took home a gold ulu in the Wrestling Up to 90 kg Junior Male category. • Team NWT also won golds in the Junior Male Basketball competition and the Four Dog 7.5 km Junior Coed Dog Mushing Race. © 65 ROSES PHOTOGRAPHY

Team Yukon

For more coverage on the Arctic Winter Games, visit www.awg.ca. The 2016 Arctic Winter Games will take place in Nuuk, Greenland, March 5 to 12.

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May/June 2014

NORTHERN BOOKSHELF

Sanaaq: An Inuit Novel Mitiarjuk Nappaaluk Bernard Saladin d’Anglure (Translator) University of Manitoba Press and Avataq Cultural Institute January 2014

In Those Days: Collected Writings on Arctic History Kenn Harper Inhabit Media Inc. February 2014 Kenn Harper, historian, writer, and linguist from Iqaluit, Nunavut, gathers the best of his stories about Inuit history and traditional life in a new series of books.In Book one of InThose Days, Harper shares the life stories of many Inuit from early contact times to the modern era.The result of extensive interviews,research, and travel across the Arctic, the collection includes stories of Charles Francis Hall’s Polaris Expedition disaster of 1871; Nancy Columbia, the belle of the Seattle World’s Fair and the best-known Inuk of her time;and John Sakeouse, whose kayak feats in the early 1800s created a sensation in Scotland.

May/June 2014

In the early 1950s, at the age of twenty-two, Mitiarjuk Nappaaluk invented a group of characters and events and, over the next twenty years, wrote the first Inuit novel. With the assistance of French anthropologist Bernard Saladin d’Anglure, Sanaaq was first published in syllabic Inuttitut in 1987.Saladin’s French translation appeared in 2002.This English translation brings this important piece of Inuit literature to Anglophone readers and scholars.The story recounts the daily life of Sanaaq, a strong and outspoken young widow, her daughter Qumaq, and their small semi-nomadic community in northern Quebec. Marriages, births, hunting on the land, violence, spiritual beliefs and their relationship with nature are all themes covered as the community adapts to the changes brought by the coming of the qallunaat, the white people.

The Other Side of The Ice: One Family’s Treacherous Journey Negotiating the Northwest Passage Sprague Theobald with Allan Kreda Skyhorse Publishing 2012 In The Other Side of the Ice,a reunited family navigates unrelenting cold, hungry polar bears, haunting landscapes and severe weather to traverse the Northwest Passage.It becomes a life-changing journey of actively pursuing one’s dreams while coming to terms with past hurts and personality clashes. The 8,500-mile adventure culminates in a reconnection with family from facing adversity together.Includes colour photos of icebergs, Arctic wildlife and some artefacts from the Franklin Expedition of 1845. The documentary of the trip was released in March 2013 as well.

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INUIT FORUM

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f there was ever any doubt, Killaq EnuaraqStrauss showed us the true power of the internet this past March. The 17-yearold from Iqaluit shot a seven-minute video about the importance of sealing in her community. Then she uploaded it to YouTube, and shared it with Hollywood comedian Ellen DeGeneres — and, by extension, the world. But in many communities in Inuit Nunangat, it is difficult even to watch YouTube videos, let alone upload them. In parts of Nunatsiavut, online infrastructure is in such short supply, the service provider maintains a waiting list for internet customers — someone must disconnect their service and move away before a new customer can join. Crowds of young Killaqs-in-training congregate outside the hotel in Hopedale, site of the only wireless network, for a fleeting glimpse at Facebook. Canada’s founding fathers dreamed of building a national railway to connect Canadians coast to coast, to close distances, power commerce and unite Canadians. In an information economy, digital infrastructure is the new expression of nation building, and the Arctic is decades behind. In the human body, diabetics are told, the diminished capacity blood flow to the extremities leads to a breakdown of the central nervous system. Our fingers and toes turn gangrenous and die. Limbs are amputated. The effects on the patient can be fatal. We like to think of Canada as an Arctic country, but if this is to truly have any meaning, we must keep the blood flowing in both directions. We must keep the patient alive. As the Nunavut Broadband Development Corporation has argued, broadband access is an essential service, and this service needs to be affordable and adequate. Funding is an essential component of this, and NBDC has

The Anik satellite, launched in 1971, opened the Arctic to modern telecommunications. Much of the Arctic is still served by satellites. Disruption to the Anik F2 satellite in 2011 grounded planes, and disconnected cell phones, banking services and almost all internet services in Inuit communities.

long argued for long-term and sustainable funding. But too often it has been up to the private sector to determine what level of service is adequate for business and consumers. “There is a strong argument to be made that significant IT investments would do more than any other form of physical investment,” argued a 2011 Government of the Northwest Territories report,“to assist in developing the social economy and addressing the... poverty and sustainability challenges facing many Arctic communities.” In March, the federal budget committed $305 million over five years to extend and enhance broadband internet service for rural and Northern communities. It remains to be seen whether this will deliver the target speed of five megabits per second — about twice the top speed currently available.(By comparison, the Obama government set a goal of

connecting 100 million people at speeds of 100 megabits per second by 2020.) In April, the government launched a digital strategy aimed at connecting and protecting Canadians as we approach the 150th anniversary of confederation in 2017. Largely filled with techno-populist buzzphrases such as debundling cable packages and cellphone tower location, it is yet to be seen whether it it will bring bandwidth to the Arctic in any meaningful way before its proclaimed deadline. The Arctic needs a broader vision for connectivity — one that recognizes not only the wealth contained beneath the land and sea, but in the talent of its people. The Arctic merits an onramp to the information superhighway.

Terry Audla

Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami 75 Albert Street, Suite 1101 Ottawa, ON K1P 5E7 t. (613) 238.8181

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Ida Evic recently retired from First Air after serving 25 years in Pangnirtung. Pictured with her are (from left) Noah Mosesie, Louisa Dialla, Ida Evic, Mark Kilabuk and Pitulusie Kakee.

ÂŠ DAVID KILABUK