1 in 4 people worldwide suffer from mental disorders (970 million)
14.3% deaths worldwide from mental disorders (8 million / year)
90 suicides every hour worldwide (800,000 / year)
25% increase in anxiety and depression rates worldwide from COVID-19
21% of Americans experience mental conditions (53 million)
56% of Americans with mental conditions do not receive treatment (27 million)
11% of Americans with mental conditions remain uninsured due to costs (5.5 million)
50% of mental health patients are non-compliant with prescribed psychiatric medicine
Additional methods of psychology care are needed outside of medication and the typical therapy model. A holistic and humanistic approach will provide better care and healing.
Dependency on Psychiatric medicine
Restricted Access through Health Care Insurance
Sterile Therapy Environments & Hospitalization
Phenomenology:
Study of consciousness and direct lived experience.
Overcomes Barriers of Theory & Practice, Mind & Body, Individual & Shared experience
Goal:
Exploration of experiential architecture and design aiding in treatment of multiple mental conditions.
A blend of visual arts, phenomenology and therapy which is interactive and interchangeable.
Experiment and research sight, form, scale, colors, texture, lighting, atmosphere, sound, etc.
Beyond Biophilic DesignReturn to lived experience.
YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH
Collaborative campus that provides access to mental health care through exploring sensory therapy. A prototype that breaks the stigma of mental health conditions and care, and promotes public awareness.
Anxiety
Autism
TEEN MENTAL HEALTH
Depression
Dementia
ADULT MENTAL HEALTH
ELDERLY MENTAL HEALTH
Palliative Care
PTSD
Schizophrenia
Sensory processing disorder
Research Facilities
Computer Lab
Library: Books, Materials, Products
Design Labs
Material Labs
Sound Labs
Multi Use Classrooms
Presentation spaces
Collaboration spaces
Offices
Admin
Typical: Restrooms
MEP Rooms
Storage
“New approach to science in which scientists and artists would share ideas”. Jonas Salk main vision for the campus aligned with his approach to science, for collaboration of science and the arts.
The form was derived of the notion that science has 2 components, the Measurable (making of observations) and Unmeasurable (giving of meaning to the observations).
Kahn designed the campus to focus on wholeness. The original campus concept included laboratories, housing, a meeting house, and additional facilities. The combination of such was to represent work, residence, seeking knowledge, recreation, and immersion in a culture.
SOURCES:
1. https://www.salk.edu/about/buildings-of-wonder/
2. https://archeyes.com/salk-institute-for-biological-studies-louis-kahn/
126,000 sf of loft- like space for all visual arts media.
Central atrium connects multiple collaboration spaces through stairs
Seven “centers of light” are carved out of the plan allowing natural daylight and ventilation deep into the mass
SOURCES:
1. https://architizer.com/projects/visual-arts-building-university-ofiowa/
Consultation rooms
Individual Therapy Rooms
Group Therapy Rooms
Specialized Therapy Rooms
Individual Reflection space
Social Reflection space
Outdoor Therapy Space Garden Walking Paths
Offices Admin
Typical: Restrooms
MEP Rooms
Storage
Functionalist building built as a tuberculosis sanatorium.
The campus includes a main building, senior physician’s house, row houses, morgue , garages and other technical spaces.
Functionalist design aimed to cure tuberculosis through good hygiene, clean air, and light therapy. This was before vaccinations and antibiotics were invented.
“ The walls are light and the ceilings darker. This makes the general tone more peaceful from the perspective of a lying-down patient.”
SOURCES:
1. https://www.finnishdesignshop.com/design-stories/architecture/ alvar-aalto-and-the-colors-of-the-paimio-sanatorium
Residence and Day center for the mentally handicapped that organizes different spaces around a central courtyard-garden which opens up and shifts to provide users direct contact with nature and light, allowing reflections.
Program is structured by levels instead of volumes, minimizing vertical movement. The day center is situated almost entirely on the ground floor for public spaces. The residence is given the privacy of the second and third floors with a connection to the gardens and exterior spaces.
The courtyard divides the building longitudinally into two unequal volumes at the lower levels. This articulates the mass and function, becoming the basic orientation reference for users.
SOURCES:
1. https://www.archdaily.com/342719/residence-and-day-center-forthe-mentally-handicapped-aldayjover-arquitectura-y-paisaje?ad_ source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_ content=current-user
Maggie’s Centres are conceived to provide a welcoming ‘home away from home’ – a place of refuge where people affected by cancer can find emotional and practical support
Maggie Jencks founder’s mission statement is to provide a center with great value upon the power of architecture to lift the spirits and help in the process of therapy
Manchester center aims to establish a domestic atmosphere in a garden setting that is welcoming, friendly and without any of the institutional references of a hospital or health center – a light-filled, homely space where people can gather, talk or simply reflect
Staff will be unobtrusive, yet close and accessible. Support offices are placed on a mezzanine level positioned on top of a wide centralspine,withprogrambelow,maintaining natural visual connections across the building
SOURCES:
1. https://www.archdaily.com/786370/maggies-cancer-centremanchester-foster-plus-partners
Intake & Visiting
Individual Therapy Rooms
Group Therapy Rooms
Social Reflection space
Garden/Courtyard
Workshops / Multi Use
Patient Rooms
Kitchen
Dining Room
Gym
Pool Spa
Nurse Residences
Admin
Offices
Typical: Restrooms
MEP Rooms
Storage
Counseling rooms are the center of the design, each on their own level cascaded down the site’s slope, allowing for privacy and connection.
Spaces between the counseling room are open, flexible and connected to nature
Warm natural materials, combination of private and public space, gentle lighting is used to create a sense of home and welcome
SOURCES:
1. https://architizer.com/projects/maggies-centre-1/
2. https://www.archdaily.com/941540/maggies-leeds-centreheatherwick-studio
CARMODY GROARKE
WIRRAL, UNITED KINGDOM
Small scale therapeutic center focused on connection to nature and reflection.
Exterior wrapped in a translucent panel allowing privacy and diffused day light.
Center spaces for communal gathering and perimeter spaces for secluded reflection.
SOURCES:
1. https://architizer.com/projects/maggies-merseyside-at-clatterbridge/
Permanent Exhibits
Rotating Exhibits
Virtual Reality Exhibit
Immersive Exhibit
Exterior Gallery
Cafe Store Workshops / collab space
Typical: Restrooms
MEP Rooms Storage
“How can the implications and the sensuality of the association of these words be interpreted, architecturally?”
- Peter Zumthor
The combinations of light and shade, open and enclosed spaces and linear elements make for a highly sensuous and restorative experience.
Zumthor’s Phenomenology design notions:
Design utilized the mystic qualities of local stone as it was built into the mountain.
A play on darkness and light.
Reflections on the water or through the steam saturated air
Unique acoustics of the bubbling water echoing off the stone
Feeling of warm stones against naked skin, the ritual of bathing
SOURCES:
1. https://www.archdaily.com/798360/peter-zumthors-therme-valsthrough-the-lens-of-fernando-guerra
2. https://divisare.com/projects/388269-peter-zumthor-morphosisarchitects-thom-mayne-fabrice-fouillet-thermes-vals-at-7132-hotel
The museum strives to be the intersection of art and architecture, opening itself to culture and international influence.
The interior of the museum complements the exterior simplicity and minimalist aesthetic. The gallery spaces are composed of materials that are minimal in design, but highly effectual in detail and atmospheric conditions.
Mixture of diffused natural light and the neutral material palette come together cohesively as a contemporary art museum where art nor architecture overshadow the other.
“ From the outside, the building looks like a lamp. It absorbs the changing light of the sky, the haze of the lake, it reflects light and color and gives an intimation of its inner life according to the angle of vision, the daylight and the weather. ” -
Peter Zumthor
SOURCES:
1. https://www.archdaily.com/107500/ad-classics-kunsthaus-bregenzpeter-zumthor
#49 least access to Mental Health Care
#25 highest mental condition % in adults
#30 highest mental condition % in youth
#6 highest suicidal thought %
#1 substance abuse
#1 highest autism %
Best and Worst States for Mental Healthcare
21,220,000 Florida population
2,706,000 Miami-Dade County population
461,080 Miami population
Miami receives 24,200,000 visitors per year
SOURCES:
1. https://healthcareinsider.com/best-states-for-mental-healthcare-346733
2. https://mhanational.org/issues/2022/mental-health-america-adult-data#:~:text=Adult%20Prevalence%20of%20Mental%20 Illness%20(AMI)%202022&text=19.86%25%20of%20adults%20are%20experiencing,experiencing%20a%20severe%20 mental%20illness
3. https://www.nami.org/mhstats
2,889,000 adults in Florida have a mental health condition. That’s more than 6x the population of Miami.
Nestled between North Miami and South Hollywood, the site is at the north point of Biscayne Bay and located on Florida International University Biscayne Bay Campus The site is connected to nature and water, adjacent to state parks and nature reserves, but does not impede on these protected lands.
SOURCES:
1. https://usafacts.org/data/topics/people-society/population-anddemographics/our-changing-population/state/Florida/county/miamidade-county?endDate=2021-01-01&startDate=2010-01-01
2. https://datacommons.org/ranking/Percent_ Person_WithMentalHealthNotGood/City/ geoId/12086?h=geoId%2F12086&unit=%25
Miami Dade County ranks #20 of 67 for poverty levels (15.81%)
Miami Dade County % of Mental
Health Prevalence (67 cities) #10 (17.60%) North Miami #12 (17.30%) Miami Gardens #17 (15.60%) North Miami Beach #19 (14.70%) Miami #20 (14.70%) Hialeah
Applicable FIU Degrees at Biscayne Bay Campus:
BA in Psychology
BA in Interdisciplinary Studies
Ratcliffe Art + Design Incubator
Other FIU Campuses
Master of Architecture (M. Arch)
MBA in Healthcare
MS in health informatics & analytics
Master of Fine Arts (MFA) in Visual Arts
From 1935 - 1975 Miami architects and public officials planned a permanent worlds fair, that would act as the “Gateway into Americas”. The Interama city would promote curtural exchange of Western Hemisphere nations. The major dredging and infastructure project failed due to funding and the developed portion of the land was sold to FIU and the remainnig reserved as a protected state park.
SOURCES:
1. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1531-314X.2008.00213.x
2. https://www.paulrudolph.institute/196404-interama
j
TRANSPORTATION LAND USE
MAJOR HIGHWAY
MAJOR ROAD
STREETS
TRAIN LINE
BUS ROUTE
BUS STOP
SINGLE FAMILY OFFICE
MULTI FAMILY
COMMERCIAL/RETAIL
INDUSTRIAL/MANUF
UNDEVELOPED
DEDICATED PARKS
10’ - 20’ ELEVATION
5’ - 10’ ELEVATION
AE Flood Zone
1% annual chance of flooding
SUMMER WINDS
WINTER WINDS
SUN PATH
84°F Average High Temp
71°F Average Low Temp
73% Average Humidity
9.2mph Average Wind Speed
Design Strategies for Comfort: Reducing Solar Heat Gain
Reducing Internal Heat Gain
Dehumidification
SUMMER SOLSTICE
SOURCES:
1. https://www.cove.tools/
SURROUNDING NOISE
VEGETATION
WINTER SOLSTICE
Due to climate change, it is estimated that sea level will rise 6’ by 2100. Most ground plane of Miami (5’ above sea level) will be a foot underwater due to this rise.
Sea level rise threatens Miami’s ecology, economy, habitable infastructure, and culture.
Miami and it’s government are working to combat rising sea levels and adapt to climate change, through a $4 billion storm water management plan including new storm water pumps, seawalls, raising existing critical infastructure, relocating from ground floors to upper levels, elevating road networks, and excavating low elevation areas to create dedicated storm water storage.
Rather than abandoning Miami, existing and new construction needs to adapt to sea level rise and climate change.
This site will explore adapting to sea level rise creating a sustainable resilent structure for Miami’s imminent future. Becoming a connected resource that improves the present flood management, and converts into an oasis retreat as Miami becomes a saturated landscape.
As climate change progresses, natural storms and hurricanes will increase. Miami coastal sites are vunerable to flooding and coast erosion from storm surges.
The existing coastline will need to be restored and additional natural sustainable eco-protection systems installed to attenuate wave damage during storms.
Major boat ways / access
Green infastructure: Create BioShoreline and coral/oyster reef combined with decks & water walkways
Gray infastructure: Integrate seawalls and breakwaters in site & at perimeter to reduce storm surge damage
Existing natural barrier island
BioReef
BioMound
SOURCES:
BioShoreline BioMop
1. https://www.behance.net/gallery/108849247/Unplanning-Miami-A-Sea-Level-Rise-Adaptation-Strategy?moduleId=764919459&action=moodboard
Amphibous structures for buildings, pavillions, dedicated greenscapes, walking paths, and docks to raise with sea water. In the future the site will only be accessible by boat.
- Raising the first floor levels 10’ - 15’ above grade (16’ - 24’ above sea level)
- Grade level remains landscaping with open spaces, outdoor programming, and parking
- Dedicated access paths at grade that float in flood conditions with buildings
- Creating a self-sustaining site
Independent utilities
Self generating electricity
Water collection, treatment, re-use
Features a hanging garden and a complementary, tropical landscape filled with native plants and irrigated by the building itself. The design integrates parking and planting beds with irrigation system water storage, storm water infiltration, temporary storm surge storage, and aquifer recharge.
The parking garage has a porous floor with rain gardens, designed to capture rain water and funnel it into the ground water system, reducing local flooding and storm water runoff into Biscayne Bay
SOURCES:
1. https://arquitecturaviva.com/works/museo-de-arte-perez-proyecto6v
2. https://landscape.coac.net/perez-art-museumv
The tropical monsoon climate of Miami fosters lush veggetation which can be used for cooling down prevailing humid winds and blocking solar radiation. The raised buildings with porous structure at grade allow for winds to continue deep into the site. Landscape features will be used to de-humidify the site’s micro-climate through water features and landforms. The landforms will double as green storm water management and breakwaters.
WATER
- Fountains
- Mist Gardens
- Evaporative pools
- Water fall
- Water decks
- Water Garden
LANDFORM
- Gardens
- Light Wells
- Amphitheater
- Valley paths
- Ridge paths
- Zen Rock Garden
- Exterior Gallery
LIGHT
- Diffused Sunlight
- Extended Roofs
- Building Mass Shades ground floor program
SOURCES:
1. https://landezine.com/geometrical-designed-corporate-park-roofgarden-landscape-architecture/
2. https://nzebnew.pivotaldesign.biz/knowledge-centre/passive-design/ resources-tools/
ENERGY
- RENEWABLE ENERGY
- Solar Harvesting
- Geothermal (Pond Loop)
- Water Heat Exchange
- Wave Power
-Buoyant Energy
- Self generating electricity
- WATER COLLECTION & TREATMENT
- Rainwater Collection & Irrigation
- Greywater treatment
- De-Saltifying sea water treatment
- Independent utilities
SOURCE Hydro-Solar panel converts humidity in air to water that can be re-used for gray water and filtered for clean water. Self-powered by solar energy, provides energy and water.
SOURCES:
1. https://www.tudelft.nl/oceanenergy/research/thermal-gradient-otec
Geo-Thermal cooling systems are perfect for Florida’s climate due to the steady warmer atmosphere above ground and water table that cools the warm return air to supply air. A pond loop system can be installed taking advantage of the adjacent bay.
WATER HEAT EXCHANGE
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion OTEC systems use the water temperature difference between warm surface water and cool deep ocean water to convert vapor into energy. De-Salinated water is also a byproduct of this system that can be treated and re-used.
OPPURTUNITIES
- In-patient site being it’s own secluded oasis that is un-disturbed
- More public focused landscaping and experience
CHALLENGES
- In-patient being far away from research and other therapy resources
- In-patient site being separate may reduce the collaboration of those patients
OPPURTUNITIES
- Increased collaboration and research
- Integrated site design of all programs
- Better overlaps in programming
CHALLENGES
- Privacy of In-patient services
- Scale of buildings balanced with landscaping
At entry you transition into the campus through a double story water fall into the exhibit space. Research is the pivot point of the site adjacent to the center, having connections to each of the programs. An east/west and north south axis is created by outdoor amenity space. Small ponds and streams are weaved through the site connecting at the center through waterfalls and tunnels.
- Larger masses
- Integrated water design
- Reduced landscaping and features between the programs
- Reduced open area of site
Porous massing that separates programs and create experiential space between at grade and the base. Main programming categories are connected at base. Sea of roofs connect the programming and provide shade for buildings and outdoor space. Center of scheme is an open garden and water feature area between the exhibit, research and out patient therapy. In patient therapy is separated by a continuous path of water and green wall, creating a moat barrier.
- Passive Cooling of smaller footprints
- Smaller amphibious structures
- Increased shading of site
- Connections between programming
- Functionality of multiple smaller scale programs
ENTRANCE COLONNADE VEIL SKETCH
Organized around a central courtyard and radially organized along edge of site. Exhibit program creates the entrance as a bridge and transition point below. Cascaded landscape paths create a green border between the private and public areas. Ponds of water create thresholds to site destinations
- Emphasize the axis of the site
- Major Landscape design at grade
-
- Privacy of Inpatient Area
- Reduced landscaping and features between the programs
SITE ENTRY
SITEENTRY
THRESHOLD Transition
Ethereal Curiosity
PROMENADE CLEANSING
Physical Mental Soul
VEIL
PROPORTIONS SURREAL
SOUL CLEANSE MENTAL CLEANSE PHYSICAL CLEANSE
Journey Incline
Exertion
CURATED JOURNEY
RAMPS/STAIRS DISORIENTING UNPROTECTED
Restore Breathe Passage
VEGETATION SHADE PROTECTED
SOULCLEANSE
Reflect Purify Refresh
WATER SECLUSION STILL
EXHIBIT EXPLORE Ascend Maintain Descend
FLEXIBLE SHARED JOURNEY
FLUID INVITING SENSORIAL INTERACTIVE
THERAPY HEAL EVOLVE WHOLE
Evaluate Clarity Empathy
ORGANIC POROUS RICH LANDSCAPE
Epiphany Purpose Energy
RESOLUTION Direction Whole
FLEXIBLE PERSONAL JOURNEY
INTIMATE PROGRESSIONAL UNITY
SIMPLICITY OPEN PATH
Reconnection
SITE SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
INTANGIBLE
NEXUS POINT
SITE ORGANIZATION DIAGRAM
TANGIBLE
FLOOD / SEA LEVEL RISE 100+ YEARS
