Project: Pavillon 3 Toilettes_Rest stop
group 03 isabella balzano sara breda enrico carboni lei chen paola garatto xiaying liu nicholas restivo moreno zandonĂ
Laboratorio Design del Prodotto 8 Atelier Rwanda Workshop
university
IUAV | ClasDip The building has a modular structure, with a square base (81 mq), that use two differents typologies of gilder. On this gilders there is the roof that take the water like a waterfall from the center of the building. That water can be used in the toilettes or in a rest stop. The cover is made up a modular structure that make easier the assembly and the maintenance. The central sheet can be transparent to exploit the zhenital light. If the structure is joined with another it will create an external covered space.
teachers
Gaddo Morpurgo Filippo Mastinu
Techinical drawings top view structure
top view columns 505
906
36
0
12
0
12
0
80
scale 1:50 | unit cm
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
02
top view cover
module cover 906
section A-A
168
443
a.
b.
c.
906
a. 623
b. 355
c. scale 1:50 | unit cm
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
03
detail sheet fastening
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
04
section A-A structure
385
906
527
bamboo calculation total meters: 720 m cover meters: 300 m total m3: 1,44 m3 total kg: 893 kg cover kg: 382 kg
1 module: 55 bamboo whole structure: 220 bamboo total 3-meters bamboo: 660 m toilettes columns: 80 m
scale 1:50 | unit cm
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
05
section B-B structure
280
240
385
40
1300
120 290
720
290
scale 1:50 | unit cm
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
06
girder A 120
590
300 300
300
300
girder B 78,5
367
215 172,5
227 163
scale 1:50 | unit cm
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
07
columns
toilettes
eight 9-bamboo-columns twelve 5-bamboo-columns
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
rest stop
panel system
roof
panel system
doors
scale 1:50
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
scale 1:100
group 03 | barycentric structure
08
Toilettes
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
09
Biogas storyboard
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
10
temperature Kigali temperatures
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
19,6
19,0
19,5
19,6
19,0
18,6
19,0
20,0
20,5
20,0
19,6
19,6
J
J
A
S
O
N
average annual temperature: 19,5 째C
temperature 40 째C
19,5 째C
J
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
F
M
IUAV | ClasDip
A
M
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
D
months
group 03 | barycentric structure
11
materials for produce biogas
wastes of 50 adult and 100 children
durgs of 10 cows
food debirs and peels
vegetables straw fallen leaves
Biogas can be obtained from any organic materials after anaerobic fermentation
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
12
parameters Total solid (TS) contains calculations of organic materials Organic materials Solid part: Total Solid contained in a certain amount of materials is usually used as the material unit to indicate the biogas produceing rate of the materials. Most favourable TS value desired is 80% liquid part.
Favourable temperature, PH value & C/N for good fermentation Temperature: Meso philic, 20째C to 35째C PH value: neutral PH and rages 6,8 to 7,2 C/N ration: ranges from 20:1 to 30:1
Table showing discharge per day, TS value of fresh discharge and water to be added to make favorable TS condition
Kinds
Body weight (kg)
Human
50
Cow Chiken Pig
Discharge per day (kg)
TS value of fresh discharge (% by weight)
Water to be added with fresh discharge to make the TS value 8% (Kg)
0.5
20
0.75
200
10
16
10
1.5
0.1
20
0.15
50
5
20
7.5
Hydraulic retention time (HRT)
For Mesophilic digestion where tempersture varies from 20째C to 35째C and HR T is greater than 20 days.
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
13
biogas volume calculation
For volume
For geometrical dimensions
Vc
D = 1,3078 x V1/3
Vs
V1= 0.082 D3
Vgs + Vf = 80%
V2= 0.0501
Vgs = 0,5 (Vgs + Vf + Vs) K
V3= 0.3142 D3
Vgs = 0,5 (Vgs + Vf + Vs) K
R1= 0.725 D
K = gas production rate per m digester volume per day .
R2= 1.0625 D f1= D/5 f2= D/8 S1= 0.91 1D2 S2= 0.8345 D2
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
14
Volume calculation of digester chamber Data: 10 cows of body weight 200 kg each. 50 adults and 100 minor (the minor here= 1/2 adult) Temperature = 30째C (average) Soln: Let HRT = 40 days ( for temp. 30째C) Discharge of cows = 0.5 kg x 10 = 100kg/day Discharge of persons = 0.5 kg x 100 = 50 kg /day Total discharge = 150 kg /day TS of fresh discharge of cows = 100kg x 0.16 = 16 kg TS of fresh discharge of persons = 50 kg x 0.2 = 10kg Total TS of fresh discharge = 26 kg In 8% concentration of TS ( T or make favourable condition) 8 kg of Solid = !00 kg influent 1 kg of Solid = 100/8 kg influent 16 kg of Solid = 100x26/8 = 325 kg influent Total influent required = 325 kg Water to be added to make the discharge 8% concentration of TS = 325 kg - 150 kg = 175 kg Working volume of digester = Vgs + Vf = Q.HRT = 325 kg/day x 40 days = 13000 kg (1000kg = 1 m 3) = 13 m3 From geometrical asumptions: Vgs + Vf = 0.8 V V = 13/0.8 = 16.25 m3 V= 3.14 x D2 x H 4
(Putting V = 0.3142 D3)
Or,H = 4 x 0.3142 D3 = 1.36m 3.14 x D2
Say H = 1.4m
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
15
biogas consumption Medium quantity of biogas consumer goods
m /hour
min 0,15 m3/(m3 per day) - max 0,3 m3/(m3 per day)
kitchen
7 m3
Expected quantity of biogas
hot water
2 m3
3
for the expected volume of biogas needed 20 days of fermentation V = (G . Ts . HR T) / (r . m)
lamp
0,025 m3
Persons at the Centro San Marco: 50 adults, 100 children biogas volume produced: 0,6 m3/(m3 per day) - 1,2 m3/(m3 per day) With 10 cows biogas volume produced: 0,9 m3/(m3 per day) - 1,8 m3/(m3 per day)
consumption (m3)
7
total biogas volume produced: 1,5 m3/(m3 per day) - 3 m3/(m3 per day)
2 0,025 lamp
water heating system
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
kitchen
IUAV | ClasDip
objects (piece/hour)
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
16
lists of construction materials and appliences
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
17
digester construction process
digging of the digester pit and curvature
the digester floor is sphere shaped and concrete made
the bricks wall is circular
the inlet pipes for dung and toilet are placed
using “S� hooks to install the bricks
digester dome are nearing completion
a mould is made to place the last bricks in the lop of the dome
the main gas pipe is placed and the dome closed
the bricks wall reach the height of manhole
careful plastering with a special mortar mix renders the dome gastight
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
18
plan view of the structure for biogas
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
19
section view of the structure for biogas
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
20
section view of the structure for biogas
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
21
sections tank for biogas
section A-A
section B-B
section C-C
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
22
accessories hand pump
rubbish bin
objects
unit
data
volume flow
m3/hour
valve stroke
mm
350
diameter
mm
64
frequency
volt/min
60
weight
Kg
17,5
maximum strength to pull
Kg
10
maximum pulling force
Kg
1
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
4
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
23
Rest stop
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
24
Water Storage and Recycle The part of the project regarding the storage and recycle of water revolves around the fundamental notion that water is an incredibly precious resource, and that it must be savoured and re-used as much as possible. First of all, the accumulation and storage of rainwater (as our analysis shows, showers are quite prequent in this part of the world) plays a very important role in our project: very large quantities of rainwarter will be accumlated in tank 1. This tank is connected to a second tank, of the exact same capacity, to ensure that a situation in which the water reserves might be completely depleted will never occour. From tank 2 the water is allowed to flow through a series of fossets (we chose to analyse in partcular the cheapest alternative: plastic fossets, and a competitor analysis was developed). At this point the water which was used to wash one’s hands is reiceived and stored in a third tank, which is connected to a forth tank (as were the first two); here the dirty water will be released at intervals to clean and flush the bathrooms.
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
25
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
KIGALI RWA (L)NDA CLIMATE GRAPH (Altitude 5069 ft)
90
18
80
16
70
14
60
12
50
10
40
8
30
6
20
4
10
2
0
0
Jan
Feb
IUAV | ClasDip
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Min Temp (°F)
Max Temp (àF)
Precipitatin (in)
Wet days (> 0,004 in)
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
precipitation / wet days / sunlight / wind speed
temperatures / relative humidity
Rwanda Climate Studies
Average temp
group 03 | barycentric structure
26
Rwanda Climate Studies
precipitations
8
200 mm
6
150
4
100
2
50
0
0 J
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
F
M
IUAV | ClasDip
A
M
a.a. 2009/2010
J
J
A
S
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
O
N
D
group 03 | barycentric structure
27
Rwanda Climate Studies Internal Renewable Water Resources (IRWR),1977-2001, in cubic km Rwanda -Surface water produced internally -Groundwater Recharge -Overlap (shared by groundwater and surface water) -Total Internal Renewable Water Resources (surface water + groundwater - overlap) -Per capita IRWR, 2001 (cubic meters)
Sub-Saharan Africa
5 4
3812 1549
4
1468
5 638
3901 5705
5 638
X X
1 141
X X
22 %
X
-Withdrawals by Sector (as a percent of total) Agriculture 94 % Industry 2% Domestic 5%
X X X
Natural Renewable Water Resources Total, 1977-2001 (cubic km) Per capita, 2002 (cubic meters per person) Water Withdrawals Year of Withdrawal Data:1993 -Total withdrawals (cubic km) -Withdrawals per capita (cubic m) -Withdrawals as a percentage of Actual Renawable Water Resources
Desalinated water production (million m3) ‘
0
X
Fonte: earthtrends.wri.org
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
28
Design & Concept
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
29
Design & Concept Infograph that shows the accumulation, circulation and recycle of water through the various tanks .
Tank 1, accumulation of rainwater. Tank 2, exit of water through the fossets. Tank 3, accumulation of dirty water. Tank 4, exit and recycle of the dirty water through the bathroom facilities.
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
30
Schizzi & Concept
Infograph showing the circulation of water through the various tanks and tubes.
Tank 1, accumulation of rainwater. Tank 2, exit of water through the fossets. Tank 3, accumulation of dirty water. Tank 4, exit and recycle of the dirty water through the bathroom facilities.
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
31
Design & Concept Infograph showing the flow of water through the various tubes.
Tanks 1/2 Connection Tank 2/ Fossets Connection Fiossets/ Tank 3 Connection Tanks 3/4 Connection Tank 4/WC Connection WC Dirty Water Storage
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
32
280
Views
360 South Side View.
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
33
80
120
Views
LT
East Side View.
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
1:200
group 03 | barycentric structure
34
280
80
120
220
Views
LT
East Side Section.
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
1:200
group 03 | barycentric structure
35
Views
Top View.
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
36
Views
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
37
Rendering Bary centric Structure (with and without cover).
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
38
Rendering Snks and Lavatories.
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
39
Rendering Various components of the internal structure: 1- Clean Water Tanks; 2- Dirty Water Tanks; 3- Tubes; 4- Sinks; 5- Lavatories; 6- Covers; 7- Banana Panels; 8- Doors.
1
4
3 2
7
8
6 5
Laboratorio design del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda workshop
IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010
Gaddo Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu
group 03 | barycentric structure
40
Competitor Analysis Product
Possible fossets that could be used in the project; made in plastic and extremely cheap and easy to install.
Price € 8,65
€ 7,20
Model
Characteristics
Esska
plastic-valve - male thread - nozzle 23 mm
-fits for screw size R 3/4" -flow rate approx. 5 l/min
http://www.esska.it/ esska_it_s/plastic_ valve_male_thread _nozzle_23_mm_p. html
plastic-valve with cap nut - outlet Ø 13mm
-fits for screw size 51mm ... 61mm -flow rate > 2 l/min
http://www.esska.it/ esska_it_s/plastic_ valve_with_cap_nut _outlet_oslash.html
-fits for screw size 51mm ... 61mm -flow rate > 5 l/min
http://www.esska.it/ esska_it_s/rubinetto _di_plastica_con_ dado_per_racco. html
€ 8,35
plastic-valve with cap nut - outlet Ø 23mm
€ 2,65
Plastic drum tap valve HEX 3/4"
Plastic tap 61 mm
€ 4,70
Laboratorio designdel del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda Rwanda workshop Workshop Laboratorio Design Prodotto 8 | Atelier
Brand
University
date
teachers
IUAV IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010 12.03.10
Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu GaddoGaddo Morpurgo, Filippo Mastinu
Link
http://www.esska.it/ esska_it_s/plastic_ drum_tap_valve _ hex_3_4_quot_ can_.html http://www.esska.it/ esska_it_s/rubinetto _di_plastica_per_ fusti_61_mm _ru.html
group 03 | Group barycentric structureBaricentrica 03 | Struttura
41
Competitor Analysis Product
Possible fossets that could be used in the project; made in plastic and extremely cheap and easy to install.
Price
Brand
â‚Ź 9,50
â‚Ź 25,85
Laboratorio designdel del prodotto 8 | Atelier Rwanda Rwanda workshop Workshop Laboratorio Design Prodotto 8 | Atelier
Model
Characteristics
Link http://www.esska.it/ esska_it_s/plastic_ tapping_valve_ valves_ball _valves.html
Esska
Plastic tapping valve
Artiglass
Rubinetto Kartell Tipo Inglese con Attacco 3/4
http://www.arti glass.it/equipment. aspx?cat=2_70
Celli
Plastic FC4 Tap.
http://www.celli.com /products/rubinetti -vino_155.html
Esska
University
date
teachers
IUAV IUAV | ClasDip
a.a. 2009/2010 12.03.10
Morpurgo | Filippo Mastinu GaddoGaddo Morpurgo, Filippo Mastinu
valve and sleeve 51 mm
http://www.esska.it/ esska_it_s/rubinetto _di_scarico_con _molla_di _rimess.html
group 03 | Group barycentric structureBaricentrica 03 | Struttura
42