The London Borough of Barking and Dagenham Statistics, Demographics and Social Index of Barking and

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The London Borough of Barking and Dagenham Statistics, Demographics and Social Index of Barking and Dagenham

2 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Contents Page 3 - Contents Page 4 - The colour red Page 6 - Barking and Dagenham Overview Page 8 - Mapping Population Density via OAPF Sites Page 13 - Mapping of Barking and Dagenham’s Public Infrastructure Page 28 - Industrial and Commercial Development Page 30 - Meeting with Matt Scott Page 33 - Readings Page 39 - Bibliography

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4 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

The Colour Red The colour red has various literal associations, such as; red is assertive, daring, determined, energetic, powerful, enthusiastic, impulsive, exciting, and aggressive. Red represents physical energy, lust, passion, and desire. It symbolizes action, confidence, and courage. The colour red is linked to the most primitive physical, emotional, and financial needs of survival and self-preservation.

However, politically it is associated towards socialism and communism, with a rather literal meaning, the colour red so often used by left-wing parties like Labour represents ‘the blood of the angry workers’. These angry workers being the ones rising up against the bourgeoisie during the first French uprising in 1789. In fact, red as a representation of the struggle between the working and upper classes may even date back as far as the slave uprisings at the end of the Roman Empire, as revolutionaries brandished red flags as part of the rebellion.

For my proposition, this colour is representing the political mandates that Barking and Dagenham are undergoing which is creating a void between new developments and existing residential needs in the borough.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

“So in cities today we must think beyond the design of the buildings and circulation systems. We must establish volumes of space that are in scale with the needs of the present time and defined by means which in harmony with modern technology.

These volumes of space must be infused with a spirit which is generated by architectural forms. In this way richness and variety can be established in the city, and through cumulative effect of various kinds of association with the different parts of the city, its citizens may build loyalty to it.”

Edmund Bacon

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6 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham Barking and Dagenham Overview

Average Housing price: 310,000 Lowest in London

Qualification: 8.2% have no qualification Higher than the London Average (6.7%)

Education: 46.1 average attainment 8 score per pupil (GCSE) Below London Average (49.3)

Green/ Public Space: 13% 28 pen spaces with 463 ha total area across borough Total Population: 211,998 residents 7th smallest population in London

Employment: 71.3% Below London Average (74.5%)

NEET:3.7% NEET and Not Known Below London Average (4.5%)

Crimes: 92.6 crimes per 1000 people Below London Average

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Barking and Dagenham Overview 31% Of working people who live in Barking and Dagenham are paid below the London Living Wage.

46% Of 19 year old in Barking and Dagenham do not have Level 3 qualifications (NVQ L3, 4 AS Levels or equivalent).

7.2% The working age people in Barking and Dagenham are unemployed.

Barking and Dagenham is a north east, Outer London borough. It has long-standing issues of deprivation, and in our ranking across a range of indicators, it performs worst among London local authorities. It ranks particularly low on education and health outcomes, and on low pay. Nearly half of 19 year old lack Level 3 qualifications, higher than any other borough, and infant mortality and premature mortality are also high. Barking’s 7.2% unemployment rate is lower only than Tower Hamlets, though it has decreased significantly from the 2011-2013 figure.

On the positive side, it has the lowest rate of income inequality of any London Borough. And 43% of new housing completions in Barking & Dagenham were affordable – a higher proportion than any borough except Waltham Forest.

Barking & Dagenham has experienced significant demographic change since 2000. Part of the Thames Gateway is in Barking and Dagenham, and has been designated as a priority for urban regeneration.

The rankings below give a snapshot of how Barking & Dagenham is performing on some key poverty and inequality indicators. The deeper the red, the worse the problem. Those coloured green are in the top half of London boroughs.

The slider shows whether the issue is getting better or worse on comparative years. Where there is no change, the circle is orange.

Where there is no comparative data, the circle is grey.

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Mapping Population Density via OAPF Sites Various mapping illustrating different impacts on London infrastructure around OAPF sites.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Enfield

Barnet

Harrow Haringey

Brent

Hillingdon

Waltham Forest

Redbridge

Havering

Hackney

Camden Islington

E a lin g

Barking and Dagenham

City of London

C ity o f Westminster Kensington and Chelsea

Tower Hamlets

Southwark

Hammersmith and Fulham

Hounslow

Richmond upon Thames

Newham

Greenwich

Wandsworth

Bexley

Lambeth

Lewisham

Merton Kingston upon Thames

Bromley Sutton

Low

Croydon

High

London 2018 Population Index by Borough Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End The current population of London is approximately 9,176q,530. As London expands the demand for various infrastructure increases; housing, public space, green infrastructure and a variety of services will also need development. However, the shift from the Victorian houses to skyscrapers means that a higher density of people are living in the city centre. To put into perspective, the central population of London is almost equivalent of the total population of people living in the outskirts of London. The current population of inner London is 3,673,800 and the population of outer London is 5,432,277. Furthermore, the area of density varies greatly. Inner London has a population of 101.2 per hector, and outer London has a population of 39.4 per hector. This means that the centre has more than twice the density of outer London.

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10 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Enfield

Barnet Harrow

Haringey

Brent

Hillingdon

Ealing

Wandsworth

Havering

Islington

City of London

Kensington and Chelsea Hammersmith and Fulham

Richmond upon Thames

Redbridge

Hackney

Camden

City of Westminster

Hounslow

Waltham Forest

Barking and Dagenham Tower Hamlets

Newham

Southwark Greenwich

Lambeth

Bexley

Lewisham

Merton Kingston upon Thames Bromley Sutton

Low

Croydon

High

Estimated Population Increase of London 2050 Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End The current population of London is approximately 9,176q,530. As London expands the demand for various infrastructure increases; housing, public space, green infrastructure and a variety of services will also need development. However, the shift from the Victorian houses to skyscrapers means that a higher density of people are living in the city centre. To put into perspective, the central population of London is almost equivalent of the total population of people living in the outskirts of London. The current population of inner London is 3,673,800 and the population of outer London is 5,432,277. Furthermore, the area of density varies greatly. Inner London has a population of 101.2 per hector, and outer London has a population of 39.4 per hector. This means that the centre has more than twice the density of outer London.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Enfield

Barnet

Harrow Haringey

Brent

Hillingdon

Waltham Forest

Redbridge

Havering

Hackney

Camden Islington

E a lin g

Barking and Dagenham

City of London

C ity o f Westminster Kensington and Chelsea

Tower Hamlets

Newham

Southwark

Hammersmith and Fulham

Hounslow

Richmond upon Thames

Greenwich

Wandsworth

Bexley

Lambeth

Lewisham

Merton Kingston upon Thames

Bromley Sutton

Low

Croydon

High

Income Deprivation Across London Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End The current population of London is approximately 9,176q,530. As London expands the demand for various infrastructure increases; housing, public space, green infrastructure and a variety of services will also need development. However, the shift from the Victorian houses to skyscrapers means that a higher density of people are living in the city centre. To put into perspective, the central population of London is almost equivalent of the total population of people living in the outskirts of London. The current population of inner London is 3,673,800 and the population of outer London is 5,432,277. Furthermore, the area of density varies greatly. Inner London has a population of 101.2 per hector, and outer London has a population of 39.4 per hector. This means that the centre has more than twice the density of outer London.

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12 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

New Spitafields Market

Smithfields Market Billingsgate Market

Public Area OAPF The London Opportunity Area Planning Framework (OAPF) Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End The current population of London is approximately 9,176q,530. As London expands the demand for various infrastructure increases; housing, public space, green infrastructure and a variety of services will also need development. However, the shift from the Victorian houses to skyscrapers means that a higher density of people are living in the city centre. To put into perspective, the central population of London is almost equivalent of the total population of people living in the outskirts of London. The current population of inner London is 3,673,800 and the population of outer London is 5,432,277. Furthermore, the area of density varies greatly. Inner London has a population of 101.2 per hector, and outer London has a population of 39.4 per hector. This means that the centre has more than twice the density of outer London.

Mapping of Barking and Dagenham’s Public Infrastructure Series of illustrated mappings depicting future impact in areas of high development in contrast to current public needs.

14 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Low

High

Areas of Deprivation by Ward Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End Barking and Dagenham is one of the most deprived areas in the country, ranked 11th most deprived in England in the 2015 Index of Multiple Deprivation. Fifty-five percent of lower super output areas (LSOAs; small areas) are within the 10–20% most deprived in England and 26% of areas are within the 20–30% most deprived.

A total of 85% of LSOAs were in deciles 1–3: i.e. the 30% most deprived in England. The areas within Barking and Dagenham are therefore fairly uniformly deprived; within the borough, there is not a large amount of inequality due to deprivation.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Low

High

Areas of Deprivation in Children by Ward Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End Barking and Dagenham has the highest income deprivation affecting children across London, with 31.9% of children affected through the borough. A range of other factors affect the social welfare of the children, such as domestic abuse (with LBBD being highest across London). However, this may be more apparent as the diversity of the borough also includes a number of different communities and practices.

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16 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Low

High

Area of Household Overcrowding by Ward Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End Census data show high levels of overcrowding affecting children. By ward, this ranges from 24.4%–52.1%; between one in two and one in four children aged 0–15 in every ward was living in an overcrowded home at the time of the census. This overlaps with the areas of Fuel poverty, (excluding industrial estates), it affects an estimated 8,433 households in Barking and Dagenham: around one in nine (11.6%) households in the borough. This is the sixth highest proportion in London and the 67th highest of 152 local authorities in England.

Furthermore, areas of high consumption also shows a deviation in the data, where mass development is occurring.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Low

High

Areas of Property Ownership by Ward Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End Land usage and property ownership varies throughout the borough, with only 45.9% of the residents currently owning their properties, excluding social and council estates. The areas of most residents that owns their property are closest to the border of the borough, with Romford and Ilford.

The areas of least likely property ownerships are the Thames, Abbey and Gascoigne Wards, where regeneration/ development are the highest. The mass development in the Thames, Abbey and Gascoigne wards have brought out a social argument, where the areas of most deprivation is facing so called “social gentrification”.

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18 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Low

High

Household Income by Ward Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End Census data show high levels of overcrowding affecting children. By ward, this ranges from 24.4%–52.1%; between one in two and one in four children aged 0–15 in every ward was living in an overcrowded home at the time of the census. This overlaps with the areas of Fuel poverty, (excluding industrial estates), it affects an estimated 8,433 households in Barking and Dagenham: around one in nine (11.6%) households in the borough. This is the sixth highest proportion in London and the 67th highest of 152 local authorities in England.

Furthermore, areas of high consumption also shows a deviation in the data, where mass development is occurring.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Low

High

Area of Public Space by Ward Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End Land usage and property ownership varies throughout the borough, with only 45.9% of the residents currently owning their properties, excluding social and council estates. The areas of most residents that owns their property are closest to the border of the borough, with Romford and Ilford.

The areas of least likely property ownerships are the Thames, Abbey and Gascoigne Wards, where regeneration/ development are the highest. The mass development in the Thames, Abbey and Gascoigne wards have brought out a social argument, where the areas of most deprivation is facing so called “social gentrification”.

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20 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Low

High

Population by Ward Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End Census data show high levels of overcrowding affecting children. By ward, this ranges from 24.4%–52.1%; between one in two and one in four children aged 0–15 in every ward was living in an overcrowded home at the time of the census. This overlaps with the areas of Fuel poverty, (excluding industrial estates), it affects an estimated 8,433 households in Barking and Dagenham: around one in nine (11.6%) households in the borough. This is the sixth highest proportion in London and the 67th highest of 152 local authorities in England.

Furthermore, areas of high consumption also shows a deviation in the data, where mass development is occurring.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Low

High

Qualification Gained by Ward Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End Land usage and property ownership varies throughout the borough, with only 45.9% of the residents currently owning their properties, excluding social and council estates. The areas of most residents that owns their property are closest to the border of the borough, with Romford and Ilford.

The areas of least likely property ownerships are the Thames, Abbey and Gascoigne Wards, where regeneration/ development are the highest. The mass development in the Thames, Abbey and Gascoigne wards have brought out a social argument, where the areas of most deprivation is facing so called “social gentrification”.

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22 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham Ward with Highest Development Progress

Abbey Ward

Gascoigne Ward

Median Housing price: £227, 500 Lowest in the borough

Median Housing price: £317,995 Higher than the borough average (310,000)

Education: 48.7 average attainment 8 score per pupil (GCSE) 3rd highest in the borough

Education: 44.6 average attainment 8 score per pupil (GCSE) Below the borough average (46.2%)

Green/ Public Space: 29.1% Below borough average (33.7%)

Green/ Public Space: 20.8% Below borough average (33.7%)

Total Population: 15, 708 residents Highest in the borough

Total Population: 12,516 residents 6th highest in the borough

Unemployment: 3.8% Below borough average (3.9%)

Unemployment: 4.3% Above borough average (3.9%)

NEET: 2.9% NEET and Not Known Below borough average (3.7%)

NEET: 1.6% NEET and Not Known Below borough average (3.7%)

Crimes: 117.4 crimes per 1000 people Highest in the borough

Crimes: 95.4 crimes per 1000 people Above borough average (89.3%)

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Barking and Dagenham Overview

Thames Ward

River Ward

Median Housing price: £308,995 Below than the borough average (310,000)

Median Housing price: £296,250 Below than the borough average (310,000)

Education: 47.6 average attainment 8 score per pupil (GCSE) Above the borough average (46.2%)

Education: 45.5 average attainment 8 score per pupil (GCSE) Below London Average (49.3)

Green/ Public Space: 43.8% Above borough average (33.7%)

Green/ Public Space: 20.5% Below borough average (33.7%)

Total Population: 15,333 residents 2nd highest in the borough

Total Population: 12,111 residents 9th highest in the borough

Unemployment: 4.4% Above borough average (3.9%)

Unemployment: 3.7% Below borough average (3.9%)

NEET: 3.9% NEET and Not Known Above borough average (3.7%)

NEET: 2.5% NEET and Not Known Below borough average (3.7%)

Crimes: 111.5 crimes per 1000 people 2nd Highest in the borough (89.3%)

Crimes: 90.7 crimes per 1000 people Below borough average (89.3%)

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24 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham Conceptual Considerations

Eastbrook Ward

Goresbrook Ward

Median Housing price: £345,000 2nd highest in the borough

Median Housing price: £290,000 Below the borough average (310,000)

Education: 43.9 average attainment 8 score per pupil (GCSE) Below the borough average (46.2%)

Education: 51.6 average attainment 8 score per pupil (GCSE) Highest in the borough (46.2%)

Green/ Public Space: 50.4% 2nd highest in the borough (33.7%)

Green/ Public Space: 14.1% Below borough average (33.7%)

Total Population: 11,500 residents 6th lowest in the borough

Total Population: 12,202 residents 8th highest in the borough

Unemployment: 4% Above borough average (3.9%)

Unemployment: 3.8% Below borough average (3.9%)

NEET: 3.8% NEET and Not Known Above borough average (3.7%)

NEET: 5.4% NEET and Not Known Below borough average (3.7%)

Crimes: 72.3 crimes per 1000 people Below the borough average (89.3%)

Crimes: 80.8 crimes per 1000 people Below borough average (89.3%)

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Barking and Dagenham Overview

Eastbury Ward

Longbridge Ward

Median Housing price: £315,000 Above than the borough average (310,000)

Median Housing price: £450,000 Highest in the borough (310,000)

Education: 44.8 average attainment 8 score per pupil (GCSE) Above the borough average (46.2%)

Education: 50.5 average attainment 8 score per pupil (GCSE) Below London Average (49.3)

Green/ Public Space: 17.4% Below borough average (33.7%)

Green/ Public Space: 28.3% Below borough average (33.7%)

Total Population: 13,003 residents 4th highest in the borough

Total Population: 12,819 residents 5th highest in the borough

Unemployment: 3.5% Below borough average (3.9%)

Unemployment: 2.1% Lowest in the borough (3.9%)

NEET: 2.4% NEET and Not Known Below borough average (3.7%)

NEET: 1.9% NEET and Not Known Below borough average (3.7%)

Crimes: 71.7 crimes per 1000 people Below borough average (89.3%)

Crimes: 70.8 crimes per 1000 people Below borough average (89.3%)

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26 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham Route through the Borough

The London Opportunity Area Planning Framework (OAPF) Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End Barking and Dagenham is a diverse and unique borough of London. The current political climate and mass development of the London has and is affecting the borough, with issues in infrastructure, housing settlement and affordability. The borough is facing large scale development of its industrial and marsh lands as well a economic growth that, (factored with BREXIT) is affecting small scale business and the dominants working class in the borough. Majority of people in the borough have refuted that the development is going to force the working class that makes up majority in the borough, as well as being the highest % of residents living in the poverty line, the borough is now, according to some residents “social cleansing” the areas to allow newer and richer residents to come in.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Industrial Designation

The London Opportunity Area Planning Framework (OAPF) Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End Land usage and property ownership varies throughout the borough, with only 45.9% of the residents currently owning their properties, excluding social and council estates. The areas of most residents that owns their property are closest to the border of the borough, with Romford and Ilford.

The areas of least likely property ownerships are the Thames, Abbey and Gascoigne Wards, where regeneration/ development are the highest. The mass development in the Thames, Abbey and Gascoigne wards have brought out a social argument, where the areas of most deprivation is facing so called “social gentrification”.

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Industrial and Commercial Development Illustrative mapping describing concentration of vast redevelopment located near the A13 and interview with Matt Scott, who highlights negative impacts of the developments.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

The London Opportunity Area Planning Framework (OAPF) Understanding the scope of development opportunities across the East End Barking and Dagenham is a diverse and unique borough of London. The current political climate and mass development of the London has and is affecting the borough, with issues in infrastructure, housing settlement and affordability. The borough is facing large scale development of its industrial and marsh lands as well a economic growth that, (factored with BREXIT) is affecting small scale business and the dominants working class in the borough. Majority of people in the borough have refuted that the development is going to force the working class that makes up majority in the borough, as well as being the highest % of residents living in the poverty line, the borough is now, according to some residents “social cleansing” the areas to allow newer and richer residents to come in.

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30 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham Development Strategy in LBBD “There is massive deficit in public amenities - a lack and there should be more. Especially noting the huge amount of developer activity that builds housing units of variable quality and safety and neglects social infrastructure - transport, GP, post office etc…”

“So, if you look at the council cooperate plan strap line from 2012 it talks about constructing 50,000 homes, so... those housing units are going to go somewhere and predominantly they are going to go here in the borough. The land that this development near Valance House used to be a vastly contaminated area, which was worth not very much but now is worth billions… and then If you look at the council’s inclusive growth strategy, then one of the challenges is how, what will you achieve in terms of growth; because growth varies in proposition. There will be physical growth as you construct the schemes, there maybe some economic growth. BREXIT is quite uncertain. Social, in terms of inclusive, well usually not. Usually that doesn’t happen and people who are either homeless or otherwise, who will be resettled in the Midlands or north west for example. So there is a real challenge in terms of the pressures from the housing market...”

“It is divisive and a form of social cleansing and gentrification. There is a lack of scrutiny on planning issues and a failure to provide a duty of care to residents.

Especially looking back to the fire which devastated 20 homes similarly to Grenfell”.

The interview made it quite clear that there are number social issues throughout the borough and the councils approach to tackle these issues through development is not the right answer, as it does not provide inclusive growth to the extend predicted. Companies such as; Be first and Barking Riverside often market their concepts to the public but fail to deliver an accurate report at the end of construction. Furthermore, public engagement programs which are hosted in the vicinity of the development often compromises community project.

Matt explained on one occasion, a small gardening club in the Thames ward required some piece of land for temporary use, he contacted the developer of Barking Riverside asking to occupy for a small piece of vacant

phase 4 land. He then stayed that; “On numerous occasion the developer just ignored my requests and simply pushed responsibility of the matter around various bodies in the organisation”.

This meant that the public engagement is superficial to the extent provided in their delivery of the project. After out meeting, he introduced us to Lye Owengo, who is a mental health supervisor at GLA, and overlooks the vast number of mental health programs in the borough.

Lye, as a resident of Barking and Dagenham felt that the social issues are being undermined through the focus of development. He stated; “There is a huge demand for funding in the community projects and mental health awareness. The council has provided some arrangements in regard to tackling metal health issues in the borough, but majority is managed by charities and community engagement programs.“

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Meeting with Matt Scott, Thames Ward Community project Member Pictured on far top right, with me and numerous other peers from unit 14

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32 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham Development Strategy in LBBD I conducted a survey in East Street market, an historic asset of the borough that has been present for over 200 years. There, I questioned locals, street vendors, shoppers and security guards in terms of how they felt in regard to the development in the city centre and what their view was regarding the Barking Riverside Project. In 2012 there were concerns that the development in the town centre will compromise the East Street market, the street vendors took off to protest against the construction of high-rises22.

However, after numerous talks between the council and the street vendors, a conclusion was made that there will be no impact on the market, nor are they going to be resettled. I informally questioned 12 people and received a variety of responses from the public, though will only be providing 2 conversations.

Survey Questions: Q1) Area of Residence. If in Barking and Dagenham, which ward?

Q2) Age Q3) Ethnicity Q4) If you are from Barking, do you identify as someone from London or Essex?

Q5) Favourite place in the Borough of Barking and Dagenham?

Q6) What do you think about the public amenities in the borough? Is there a lack of it or should there be more?

Q7) With the Barking Riverside project going on, what do you think about the general development across the borough?

Q8) Do you know if the development is going to affect you in anyway or is affecting you already? Long term and Short term.

Q9) With the development in progress across Barking and Dagenham, should more be done to aid schools, creative arts and community centres than commercially develop the borough?

Q10) What exists in the rest of London that doesn’t exist in Barking and Dagenham?

Nasir from northern Punjab, is a market vendor (selling knock off sneakers) at the East Street market in the heart of Barking Town Centre for the last 14 years. He stated that: “I welcomed the development, as it brings more people into the market and allowed me to sell more stuff” and “though I don’t feel that much has changed since the protest, at least I was listened to and am able to keep my place here”. He further mentioned that there some small issues such as; pollution and redirection of routes to the market due to shipments to the construction sites, though only temporary.

One of the major concerns Nasir had was the impact of demographics in the town centre; he stated that “if only a little bit of housing is affordable and majority is privately sold then it would mean that the type of stock I sell will need to change”.

Continuing on the market, I talked to a couple from Bangladesh running a small food truck who have worked in the market for the last 2 years. I spoke to them in Urdu, as English did not seem applicable for them; I questioned on how they felt living in the borough, what they liked or disliked about the borough and what they had to say in regard to the upcoming development.

They said that they are happy where they are, and due to the large diversity of people, they felt right at home.

The wife stated that; “there is a lot of communities here, but the majority of what I have seen are mainly from Pakistan and Bangladesh”. Questioning their opinion on the development; they both agreed that it is good for the borough and may drive homelessness away from the streets. Furthermore, the had concerns in regard to the shopping centre, they felt that project may undermine their business as well as the market space. It seems that the perception of majority of people in the market was that social issues were being handled well by the local authority but statistics show that over 6531 people are homeless in the borough and waiting lists for social housing is an estimated 7000 households.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Readings Illustrations of readings which were used to understand the scope of development, local policy planning and government initiatives.

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34 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham Landscape as Urbanism

Similar to the Barking Infrastructure Report, this report specifically dwells into the prospect of development and a the OAPF strategy outlined by GLA. Furthermore, it states the outlook of the numerous developments including London Riverside.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Design of Cities

In most cities there are buildings of character which lose their effectiveness because they are situated in out-ofthe-way locations; there are prominent sites occupied by uninteresting buildings which make no contribution to the surrounding area. In urban design there should be a skilful deployment of architectural energy so that the influence of the fine buildings radiated outward, articulating the whole fabric of the city.

We as architects should initiate innovative and inclusive public architecture, that goes beyond housing and employment high rises.

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36 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham LBBD Infrastructure Delivery Plan

*1 ( - SQRZ

The Barking and Dagenham infrastructure delivery plan outlines future prospects and current situation in regards, to housing, family, education, public infrastructure, social infrastructure and development. The report outlines numerous strains in three major wards; Abbey, Gasciogne and Eastbrook. The report states that public infrastructure and development needs a balance to accommodate future prospects in the borough. Furthermore, the investigation aims to highlight key regions of necessary development of both social and private realms.

Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

Roding Made Action Plan

RODING - MADE A Creative Enterprise Zone in Barking & Dagenham

ACTION PLAN The river Roding action plan illustrated the de-industrialisation of the river front through the designation of numerous financial wharf and sustainable industry parks. This topology of development aims to bring in more employment within the financial sector by eliminating many of the existing jobs that are given to those in the borough with 60% of residents have a job within the borough. This guide also talks about the new Creative Enterprise Zone on the Roding, which the council as of 2018 has “Abandoned”.

DK- CM and New Economics Foundation for London Borough of Barking & Dagenham and Create 1

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38 Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham LBBD Land Use Strategy

3 LAND USE STRATEGY

3.1 Introduction 3.2 Employment Similar to the Barking Infrastructure Report, this report specifically dwells into the prospect of development 3.3 Housing and a the OAPF strategy outlined by GLA. Furthermore, it states the outlook of the numerous developments including London Riverside.

3.4 Education 3.5 Retail

3.6 The Green Enterprise District and LSIP 3.7 Safeguarded Wharves

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Oral History: An investigation of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham

References Bacon. (1974). Design of cities. London: Thames and Hudson.

Barking Riverside (2015). London Riverside Opportunity Planning Framework. Public Consultation Report.

London: London Borough of Barking and Dagenham.

Future of London (2015). Delivering Infill Development. London: Future of London.

Greater London Authority (2015). City in the East.

London: Greater London Authority.

Greater London Authority (2015). London Riverside Opportunity Area Framework. London: Greater London Authority.

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