Improving Prince Laboratory: Environmental Design 2

Designing Light | Sound

Environmental Control Systems II Improving Prince Lab Group 8: Adrian Au, Seoyoon Stacy Choi, Shu Chi Pony Weng, Caitlin Weisman, Rawan Al-Saffar

Qualitative Analysis: Site Location, Site physical attributes, Circulation, Current program

QUALITATIVE SITE ANALYSIS Context

Site Location The Prince lab engineering department is three blocks east of the brown university main green.

The building is directly connected to the Barus and Holey building.

Circulation through and arround the doesn’t follow a consistent routine. main green. The building is directly connected to the Barus and Holey Building. Circulation through and around the building does not follow a The Prince lab engineering department is building three blocks east of the Brown University Depending on the projects assigned in the lab there can be anywhere from to 5 students labstudents at one time. consistent routine. Depending on the projects assigned in the lab there can be50 anywhere fromin5the to 50 in the lab at one time. Even though B is on the main facade, it is the least used. Because of this, students prefer to go Even though Entrance B is on the main facade, it is the least used. through the Barus and Holey entrances D and A to enter the lab.

Students prefer to go through the Barus and Holey entrances D and A to enter the lab.

A. D. C.

B. A.

E.

D.

B.

C. Qualitative Analysis: Site Location, Site physical attributes, Circulation, Current program

E.

Site Physical Attributes There is a combination of vegetation and paving the surround the Prince lab. The main entrance had a paved path with a stretched lawn on either side, two rows of planted trees and a seating area made of stone by the entrance. On the Western facade of the building, there is minimal vegetation not really indicating it as an entrance. Behind Prince lab there is a large parking lot for the building staff.

QUALITATIVE SITE ANALYSIS

Physical Attributes There is a combination of vegetation and paving that surrounds the Prince lab building.

The main entrance has a paved path with a stretch of lawn on either side, 2 rows of planted trees and a seating area made of stone by the entrance. on the Western facade of the building there is minimal vegetation not really indicating it as an entrance.

Behind prince lab there is a large parking lot for the building staff.

Southern Elevation- seating area

Main entrance

Northern Northernelevation Elevation The North side of the building holds a lot of the mechanical equipment of the The North side the building holds lot of the mechanical equipment building like theofmain power box anda ventilation of all the shops.

Therelike is also the main power box and ventilation of all the shops.

There is also drainage to drainage here to prevent water from flooding the asphalt ground. prevent water from flooding the asphalt ground.

Qualitative Analysis: Site Location, Site physical attributes, Circulation, Current program

Western Elevation

Lab parking lot

The East Side Tunnel ďƒžrst opened in 1908, running from Waterman and Thayer to Amy and Gano. The tunnel runs under Site Physical Attributes Prince Laboratory. However, the tunnel was abandoned and The East sidein Tunnel first opened 1908, running from Waterman and Thayer Amy and Gano streets. The tunnel runs under Prince Laboratory as well. However, the tunnel was abandoned and sealed in 1981. Constructed out of sealed 1981.

The intunnel, constructed out of toreinforced reinforced concrete, the tunnel is 22 feet tall and 30 feet wide. concrete, is 22 feet tall and 30 feet wide.

Thayer Street Gano Stre

treet

nS Waterma

et

et

Amy Stre

Qualitative Analysis: Site Location, Site physical attributes, Circulation, Current program,

rculation Current Circulation

Primary Circulation Primary Circulation

Primary Circulation Egrees Egress

Egrees

Qualitative Analysis: Site Location, Site physical attributes, Circulation, Current program

Current Program Layout Old Program Organization

Offices Office Student Workshop Student Workspace

Office

Wind Tunnel Wind Tunnel

Student Workspace Jepis Shop Jeppis Shop

Wind Tunnel

Jeppis Shop Storage Storage Storage

Qualitative Analysis: Site Location, Site physical attributes, Circulation, Current program

QUALITATIVE SITE ANALYSIS

Winter | Summer Solstice Sun Angles

Light

Winter solstice sun angle: 24.67 December 22 Equation: 90 - (latitude - subsolar point) = 90 - (41.823 - 23.5) = 24.67

Summer solstice sun angle: 71.67 June 22 Equation: 90 - (latitude - subsolar point) = 90 - (41.823 - 23.5) = 71.67

Horizon Shading Mask: Exterior, Location of Points, Recording, Interior, Location of Points, Recording

Horizon Shading Mask | Exterior

HORIZON SHADING MASK Exterior

Horizon Shading Mask: Exterior, Location of Points, Recording, Interior, Location of Points, Recording

Horizon Shading Mask | Exterior | Location of Points

LOCATION OF POINTS Exterior

Horizon Shading Mask: Exterior, Location of Points, Recording, Interior, Location of Points, Recording

RECORDING

Horizon Shading Mask | Exterior | Recording

Exterior

Horizon Shading Mask: Exterior, Location of Points, Recording, Interior, Location of Points, Recording

Horizon Shading Mask | Exterior

PLOTTING POSITIONS Exterior

Horizon Shading Mask: Exterior, Location of Points, Recording, Interior, Location of Points, Recording

Horizon Shading Mask | Interior

HORIZON SHADING MASK Interior

Horizon Shading Mask: Exterior, Location of Points, Recording, Interior, Location of Points, Recording

K1, K2 J3, J4 J5 J1, J2 I3, I4 I5 I1, I2 H3, H4 H5 H1, H2 G3, G4 G5 G1, G2 F3, F4 F5 F1, F2 E3, E4 E5 E1, E2 D3, D4 D5 D1, D2 C3, C4 C5 C1, C2 B3, B4 B5 B1, B2 A3, A4 A5 A1, A2

M1, M2 L3, L4 L5 L1, L2 K3, K4 K5

M3, M4 M5

Horizon Shading Mask | Interior | Location of Points

LOCATION OF POINTS

Interior

Horizon Shading Mask: Exterior, Location of Points, Recording, Interior, Location of Points, Recording

LOCATION OF POINTS

Horizon Shading Mask | Interior | Location of Points

Interior

* Point of consideration taken at 3 feet above ground (2nd FL), average table height, 3 feet.

M

L

K

J

I

Horizon Shading Mask: Exterior, Location of Points, Recording, Interior, Location of Points, Recording

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

*Point of consideration taken at 3 feet above ground (2nd ďƒ&#x;oor), average table height.

RECORDING

Horizon Shading Mask | Interior | Recording

Interior

Point

Height

Prole Angle

Point

Height

Prole Angle

Point

Height

Prole Angle

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

8.07° 7.29° 8.26° 9.17° 9.56°

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

18.50° 16.75° 18.76° 20.68° 21.75°

K1 K2 K3 K4 K5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

12.76° 11.52° 9.80° 10.87° 13.07°

B1 B2 B3 B4 B5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

9.26° 8.34° 9.63° 10.68° 11.04°

G1 G2 G3 G4 G5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

20.77° 19.85° 18.89° 20.82° 23.30°

L1 L2 L3 L4 L5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

10.76° 9.70° 8.38° 9.32° 11.11°

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

10.79° 9.73° 11.42° 12.65° 12.96°

H1 H2 H3 H4 H5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

20.74° 18.81° 16.79° 18.55° 22.12°

M1 M2 M3 M4 M5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

9.19° 8.30° 7.29° 8.09° 9.60°

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

12.80° 11.55° 13.71° 15.18° 15.45°

I1 I2 I3 I4 I5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

18.36° 16.62° 14.05° 15.55° 18.75°

E1 E2 E3 E4 E5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

15.35° 15.88° 16.58° 18.30° 18.57°

J1 J2 J3 J4 J5

17.60’ 15.84’ 15.84’ 17.60’ 19.62’

15.36° 13.89° 11.65° 12.91° 15.60°

Horizon Shading Mask: Exterior, Location of Points, Recording, Interior, Location of Points, Recording

Horizon Shading Mask | Interior

PLOTTING POSITIONS Interior

A1, A A3, A 2 A5 B1 4 B3, , B2 B C5 B4, C51 , C2 C3 ,C 4, D D5 1, D 2 D3 ,D 4 E1 ,E 2

2 ,K K1 5 K4 K , 2 5 K31, L L 4 L 5 , L M2 M L3 1, 4 M 3, M M

E5 4 ,E 2 E3 1, F F

I5

I J1 3, I4 , J2

J5 J 3 ,J 4

F5

F4 F3, , G2 G1

G5

G3, G4 H1, H2

H5

H I1, 3, H4 I2 Horizon Shading Mask: Exterior, Location of Points, Recording, Interior, Location of Points, Recording

Shadow Casting | Site | September 21st, 2011

SHADOW CASTING September 21st

12:00pm

Shadow Casting : Shadow casted on site hourly, Compiled

9:00am

10:00am

11:00am

1:00pm

2:00pm

3:00pm

Shadow Casting | Site | September 21st, 2011

Shadow Casting : Shadow casted on site hourly, Compiled

Electrical Lighting Survey 1. The current existing electrical lighting environment relies mostly on fluorescent lighting rather than natural lighting. From the lobby entrance there are three fluorescent light fixtures that light up the room which are fairly dim.

When walking into the double story space facing the entrance of the wood shop, the average fc is 15. The student working space is the brightest compared to the entrance lobby or the circulation spaces and the darkest part of the building is the offices located on the south facade of the first floor with minimum daylight. The color quality of the lights is mainly bright white and yellow in certain rooms like the garage near the entrance. Without natural light, there a total of 576 light fixtures and a total of 1,152 lamps in the area.

2. Artificial Lighting photos without daylight. (April 29th, 2012 9:00 pm)

Electric Lighting Survey: Notes, Photos, Fixture Type, Reading, Estimate, Record, Total Lighting Power, Average Value of Light Level, Hours per year light is on, Lighting consumption, Lighting per cost, Lighting Power Density, Lighting Efficacy.

Existing Lighting Quality

Light

Dark

Existing Conditions: Light Diagram, Sound Diagram

Existing Sound Quality

Loud

Loud

Quiet

Existing Conditions: Light Diagram, Sound Diagram

Quiet

Types of Light Fixtures There are three different fixtures that are used in the lab. For the lobby and office spaces located on the first floor, the fixtures used are lamp prismatic wraparounds, that have a quality of diffusing light off of a direct fluorescent lamp.

In the work spaces, there are diffuse aluminum reflectors with a 35 째 CW shielding. For the upper classrooms there are diffused aluminum reflectors with a 35 째 CW x 35 째 LW shielding .

Electric Lighting Survey: Notes, Photos, Fixture Type, Reading, Estimate, Record, Total Lighting Power, Average Value of Light Level, Hours per year light is on, Lighting consumption, Lighting per cost, Lighting Power Density, Lighting Efficacy.

Data for each Room Room Number

Area (sq. ft)

200 200A 201 202 203 204 206 206A 214 218 219 220 220A 220B 220C 221 221A 210 211 212 213 215 209 208 207 Stairwell 222 222A 223

384 452 197 127 381 458 229 228 409 410 561 3120 147 594 59 962 472 112 112 229 465 225 230 230 229

305 310 310A 312 313

1100 1248 164 233 230

3289 1220 3289

Program

Lamp Type

Fixture Type

Prismatic bottom and sides Entrance Fluorescent Entrance foyer Fluorescent FloPrismatic bottom and sides Prismatic bottom and sides Office rescent Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Storage Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Storage Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Prismatic bottom and sides Storage Fluorescent Jepis office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding JEPIS wood shop Fluorescent Jepis office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding Wood shop Fluorescent Storage Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding Equipment/storage Fluorescent Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding Student work space Fluorescent Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent FluoPrismatic bottom and sides Office rescent Prismatic bottom and sides Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Lab Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Circulation Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding Student work space Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Classroom Fluorescent Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding Wind tunnel Fluorescent

Computer lab (open) Desks (enclosed) Conference room Conference room Office

Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent

Metal diffusing sides with shielding Metal diffusing sides with shielding Metal diffusing sides with shielding Metal diffusing sides with shielding Metal diffusing sides with shielding

No. Lamps Power (KW)Hours/Day

Days/Week

1

2

3

4

2 1 6 3 4 8 12 6 3 9 6 40 6 30 2 18 144 3 3 6 12 6 6 6 11 3 108 10 90

0.06 0.03 0.18 0.09 0.12 0.24 0.36 0.18 0.09 0.27 0.18 1.2 0.18 0.9 0.06 0.54 4.32 0.09 0.09 0.18 0.36 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.33 0.09 3.24 0.03 2.70

10 10 7 7 1 7 7 7 1 1 8 10 8 10 1 1 12 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 24 12 5 5

7 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 7 7 7 7 5 5 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 7 7 5 7

7 11 13 10 10 11 12 13 8 10 15 31 32 22 10 9 24 15 20 12 19 12 20 12 19 13 32 23 32

4 12 15 23 12 24 16 24 10 8 15 30 33 14 15 12 30 24 16 23 15 16 24 16 24 6 25 22 25

6 5 16 18 14 18 15 17 9 9 16 22 37 15 14 13 27 13 10 10 11 12 18 20 27 8 20 21 24

6 11 17 20 12 19 17 19 10 10 18 19 30 9 17 16 25 16 14 14 12 14 22 21 21 27 32 24 23

10 11 1 2 2

0.3 0.33 0.03 0.06 0.06

7 10 5 5 7

7 7 5 5 5

23 20 16 16 23

22 33 21 24 60

21 42 34 16 42

21 21 21 24 56

Surface 7 11 16 21 15 20 20 21 13 14 22 35 33 19 19 18 54 30 24 25 23 15 25 15 19 20 43 40 35 12 29 34

Electric Lighting Survey: Notes, Photos, Fixture Type, Reading, Estimate, Record, Total Lighting Power, Average Value of Light Level, Hours per year light is on, Lighting consumption, Lighting per cost, Lighting Power Density, Lighting Efficacy.

Average 6 10 15.2 18.4 12.6 18.4 16 18.8 10 10.2 14.2 23.4 33 15.8 15 13.6 36 19.6 16.8 16.8 16 13.8 21.8 16.8 22 13.5 30.4 26 27.8 19 29 25.2 20.8 40.8

Notes Door to outside Dark

Yellow light

Dark intentional Dim Enclosed Opaque window

Projector Blue wall

Calculations

Room Number

Area (sq. ft)

200 200A 201 202 203 204 206 206A 214 218 219 220 220A 220B 220C 221 221A 210 211 212 213 215 209 208 207 Stairwell 222 222A 223

384 452 197 127 381 458 229 228 409 410 561 3120 147 594 59 962 472 112 112 229 465 225 230 230 229

305 310 310A 312 313

1100 1248 164 233 230

3289 1220 3289

Program

Lamp Type

Fixture Type

Prismatic bottom and sides Entrance Fluorescent Entrance foyer Fluorescent FluoPrismatic bottom and sides Prismatic bottom and sides Office rescent Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Storage Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Storage Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Prismatic bottom and sides Storage Fluorescent Jepis office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding JEPIS wood shop Fluorescent Jepis office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding Wood shop Fluorescent Storage Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding Equipment/storage Fluorescent Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding Student work space Fluorescent Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent FluoPrismatic bottom and sides Office rescent Prismatic bottom and sides Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Lab Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Office Fluorescent Circulation Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding Student work space Fluorescent Prismatic bottom and sides Classroom Fluorescent Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding Wind tunnel Fluorescent

Computer lab (open) Desks (enclosed) Conference room Conference room Office

Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent

Metal diffusing sides with shielding Metal diffusing sides with shielding Metal diffusing sides with shielding Metal diffusing sides with shielding Metal diffusing sides with shielding

No. Lamps Power (KW)Hours/Day

Days/Week

Energy/Day kW/h

Energy/Week kW/h

Energy/Month kW/h

Energy/Year kW/h

2 1 6 3 4 8 12 6 3 9 6 40 6 30 2 18 144 3 3 6 12 6 6 6 11 3 108 10 90

0.06 0.03 0.18 0.09 0.12 0.24 0.36 0.18 0.09 0.27 0.18 1.2 0.18 0.9 0.06 0.54 4.32 0.09 0.09 0.18 0.36 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.33 0.09 3.24 0.03 2.70

10 10 7 7 1 7 7 7 1 1 8 10 8 10 1 1 12 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 24 12 5 5

7 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 7 7 7 7 5 5 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 7 7 5 7

0.6 0.3 1.26 0.63 0.12 1.68 2.52 1.26 0.09 0.27 1.44 12 1.44 9 0.06 0.54 51.84 0.63 0.63 1.26 2.52 1.26 1.26 1.26 2.31 2.16 38.88 0.15 13.5

4.2 2.1 6.3 3.15 0.6 8.4 12.6 6.3 0.45 1.35 10.08 84 10.8 63 0.3 2.7 362.88 3.15 3.15 6.3 12.6 6.3 6.3 6.3 11.55 15.12 272.12 0.75 94.5

16.8 8.4 25.2 12.6 2.4 33.6 50.4 25.2 1.8 5.4 40.32 336 43.2 252 1.2 10.8 3628.8 12.6 12.6 25.2 50.4 25.2 25.2 25.2 46.2 60.48 1088.48 3 378

201.6 100.8 302.4 151.2 28.8 403.2 604.8 302.4 21.6 64.8 483.84 4032 518.4 3024 14.4 129.6 43545.6 151.2 151.2 302.4 604.8 302.4 302.4 302.4 554.4 725.76 13061.76 36 4536

10 11 1 2 2

0.3 0.33 0.03 0.06 0.06

7 10 5 5 7

7 7 5 5 5

2.1 3.3 0.15 0.3 0.42

14.7 23.1 0.75 1.5 2.1

58.8 92.4 3 6 8.4

705.6 1108.8 36 72 100.8 Total : 76,990.56

Electric Lighting Survey: Notes, Photos, Fixture Type, Reading, Estimate, Record, Total Lighting Power, Average Value of Light Level, Hours per year light is on, Lighting comsumption, Lighting per cost, Lighting Power Density, Lighting Efficacy.

Lighting Consumption

Existing

Proposed

1. Lighting Energy Consumption per year

1. Lighting Energy Consumption per year

Total Lighting Cost Per Year: 76,990.56 kW/h

Total Lighting Cost Per Year: 57,742.5 kW/h

2. Lighting cost per year ($ to be determined per kWh)

2. Lighting cost per year ($ to be determined per kWh)

76,990.56 kW/h x $ 0.07 = $ 5389.33 per year

$ 449.111 per month

57,742.5 kW/h x $ 0.07 = $ 4041.9 per year

$ 336.83 per month

3. Lighting power density (W/ft2)

3. Lighting power density (W/ft2)

76,990.56 kW/h / 28363.85 ft2 = 2.7143 W/ft2

57,742.5 kW/h / 28363.85 ft2 = 2.04 W/ft2

4. Lighting Efficacy (lumens/W)

4. Lighting Efficacy (lumens/W)

2709015 lumens/

2031761.25 lumens/

Electric Lighting Survey: Notes, Photos, Fixture Type, Reading, Estimate, Record, Total Lighting Power, Average Value of Light Level, Hours per year light is on, Lighting comsumption, Lighting per cost, Lighting Power Density, Lighting Efficacy.

Poposals

Our group proposed four main changes that could be made in Prince lab.

1. New Programmatic Layout 2. Light Scoops for Circulations 3. Artificial Lighting Grid System 4. Skylight Strategy

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Proposals

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Poposals | New Program Layout New Program Organization

Lounge, Lobby Computer Lab Office

Lounge/lobby

Student Workshop

Computer Lab Office

Wind Tunnel

Student Workspace Jepis Shop Lounge/lobby Wind Tunnel Computer Lab Jeppis ShopStorage Office Storage Circulation Student Workspace Circulation Wind Tunnel Classroom Classroom Jeppis Shop Storage Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Circulation Classroom

Proposals

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Poposals | Light Scoops

December 21st, 8 a.m

10” below pitch

2’ below pitch

3’ below pitch

2’ below pitch 10 degree rotation

2’ below pitch Panel deformation

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

December 21st, 12 p.m

December 21st, 4 p.m

Poposals | Light Scoops Corridor Section showing collective panels December 21, 8 a.m

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Poposals | Light Scoops Corridor Section showing collective panels December 21, 12 p.m

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Poposals | Light Scoops Corridor Section showing collective panels December 21, 4 p.m

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Light Scoop Daylight Method Calculations Recommended (for hallway): 1.5 ~ 2.5 % A. DF = SC + ERC + IRC No external obstruction Window transmittance: 70% or 0.7 D = 5’ 5” (65”) W = 7’ 1” (85”) H = 22’ 7” (271”)

Proposed Area (ft2)

P

AxP

Ceiling: 169

0.85

143

Floor: 154

0.12

19

Walls: 279

0.45

125.55

Glass: 30

0.15

4.5

Total: 466

P average: 292/632 = 0.46

W/D = 1.3 H/D = 4.1 SC = (SCw – SCo) t = 10 x 0.7 = 7%

Pfw = (1/2 wall area x 0.45) + (floor area x 0.12)/293.5 = (139.5 x 0.45) +(154 x 0.12)/293.5 = (62.77) + (18.48)/267 = 0.27

B. Find IRC: (0.85 x A window)/ [A total – (1 – P Average)] x (C x Pfw) + (5 x Pcw) = IRC

Pcw = = (1/2 wall area x 0.45) + (floor area x 0.85)/308.5 = (62.77) + (169 x 0.85)/308.5 = 0.67

P

AxP

0.85

143

0.12

19

0.45

51

0.15

4.5

Floor: Dark wood Walls: White paint Ceiling: White paint Glass: Clear

Pfw = (1/2 wall area x 0.45) + (floor area x 0.12)/267 = (56.5 x 0.45) +(154 x 0.12)/267 = (25.425) + (18.48)/267 = 0.16 Pcw = = (1/2 wall area x 0.45) + (floor area x 0.85)/282 = (25.425) + (169 x 0.85)/282 = (169.075)/282 = 0.59 IRC = [0.85 x 30 ft2/466 x (1 – 0.46)] x (39 x 0.16) + (5 x 0.59) = 25.5/251.64 x (6.24) + (2.95) = 1.35% DF = 7% + 1.35% = 8.35%

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

IRC = [0.85 x 30 ft2/632 x (1 – 0.46)] x (39 x 0.27) + (5 x 0.67) = 0.02 x (10.54) + (3.3) = 2.7% DF = 7% + 2.7% = 9.7%

Photos of Physical Model | 1/2 Scale

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Rendered Views of Light Scoops Winter Solstice December 22, 2011

9am ~ 10 am

11am ~ 12 pm

1pm ~ 2 pm

3pm and 7 pm Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Proposals | Artificial Lighting Grid System | Coefficient of utilization

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Proposals | Artificial Lighting Grid System | Plan

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Artificial Lighting Grid System | Calculations

Room Identification: Student Workspace 1

Proposed

Illuminance: 50 Fc

Illuminance: 50 Fc

Luminaire Data

Luminaire Data

Designation: Semidirect Lamps per Luminaire: 2 LDD: 0.85

Designation: Semi direct Lamps per Luminaire: 2 LDD: 0.85

Lamp Data

Lamp Data

Designation: Fluorescent Initial Output: 3,150 lm

Designation: Fluorescent Initial Output: 3,150 lm

Lumens per Luminaire: 6,300

Lumens per Luminaire: 6,300

Hcc: 4’3” Hrc: 15’3” Hfc: 3’

Hcc: 13’ Hrc: 7’ Hfc: 3’

Length: 116’ Width: 52’

Height: 22’6”

Length: 116’ Width: 52’

Height: 22’6”

Ceiling Cavity Ratio: 0.56 Room Cavity Ratio: 2.1 Floor Cavity Ratio: 0.41

Ceiling Cavity Ratio: 1.8 Room Cavity Ratio: 0.9 Floor Cavity Ratio: 0.4

Ceiling cavity reflectance: 71% Floor cavity reflectance: 28% Coefficient of utilization: 0.70 Adjusted CU: 0.74

Ceiling cavity reflectance: 54% Floor cavity reflectance: 28% Coefficient of utilitzation: 0.65 Adjusted CU: 0.67

Fc = 70.3

Fc = 60.6

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Photos of Physical Model | 1/2 Scale

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Rendered Views of Artificial Lighting Grid

Winter Solstice December 22, 2011

12pm Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Proposals | Sky Light Strategy

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Proposals | Sky Light Strategy | Existing Daylight Factor

90o Solar altitude (clear Sky, Unglazed aperture) 10 dots= 10x0.1%= 1% daylight factor

45o solar altitude (clear sky, unglazed aperture) 14 dots= 14x 0.1%= 1.4% daylight factor

75o Solar altitude (Clear Sky, Unglazed aperture) 8 dots= 8x0.1%= 0.8% daylight factor

30o solar altitude ( clear sky, unglazed aperture) 25 dots= 25x 0.1%= 2.5% daylight factor

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

60o solar altitude (clear sky, unglazed aperture) 8 dots= 8x0.1%= 0.8% daylight factor

15o solar altitude ( clear sky,unglazed aperture) 32 dots= 32x 0.1%= 3.2% daylight factor

Proposals | Sky Light Strategy | Proposed Daylight Factor Daylight factor for Horizontal skylights A= ( DF average)x(A floor)/ AE A= required area of aperture (ft2) DF average= Target daylight factor A floor= illuminated floor area (ft2) AE=Aperture effectiveness factor DF= 5% which means 0.05 A floor= 9339.759 AE= 0.5 A= (0.05)(9339.759)/0.5= 933.976 ft2 If each skylight is 4ftx4ft the ft2= 16 933.976/16= 58 skylights

The number of skylights used in the design is 55

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Sky Light Daylight Method Calculations

Horizon Shading Mask with Azimuth Angles Skylight 1 A

B

C

D 2 A

B

C

D 3 A

B

C

D 4 A

B

C

D 5 A

B

C

D 6 A

B

C

D 7 A

B

C

D 8 A

B

C

D 9 A

B

C

D

Azimuth (o) 5.45 15.97 19.47 6.72 23.23 31.79 37.45 27.94 39.03 45.04 51.056 45.05 64.08 80.80 116.78 146.55 83.83 85.72 103.11 108.60 86.73 87.35 98.21 100.1 174 162.50 165.40 175.04 154.69 145.66 150.55 158.65 138.22 132.18 137.64 143.56

Profile Angle (0) 37.06 34.44 39.72 42.95 32.81 36.65 36.65 37.9 30.4 36.67 28.88 33.37 82.04 67.88 65.80 77.15 58.82 50.67 50 57.59 43.05 35.43 35.28 42.65 39.74 36.86 34.54 32.15 35.4 34.62 31.17 31.03 31.94 27.83 29.06 25.64

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Proposals | Sky Light Strategy | Proposed Daylight Factor

90o Solar altitude (clear Sky, Unglazed aperture) 60 dots= 60x 0.1%= 6% daylight factor

45o solar altitude (clear sky, unglazed aperture) 138 dots= 13.8 % daylight factor

75o Solar altitude (Clear Sky, Unglazed aperture) 90 dots= 90X 0.1%= 9% daylight factor

30o solar altitude ( clear sky, unglazed aperture) 125 dots= 12.5% Daylight factor

60o solar altitude (clear sky, unglazed aperture) 121 dots= 121X 0.1%= 12% daylight factor

15o solar altitude ( clear sky,unglazed aperture) 106 dots= 10.6% Daylight factors

Proposals | Sky Light Strategy | Section Details Winter Solstice December 22, 2011

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Proposals | Sky Light Strategy | Section Details Summer Solstice June 22, 2011

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Photos of Physical Model | Full Scale

Without Diffusers

With Diffusers Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Rendered Views of Sky Lights

Winter Solstice

Summer Solstice

December 22, 2011

June 22, 2011

1pm

1pm

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Photovoltaics | Calculations

1. Determine Power Consumption Demands

B. Prince Lab PV Solar Supply: Watt-Hour/Day

A. Total Power Consumption Per Day: 1,003.25 kWh/Day = 1,003,250 Wh/Day March 4th, 2012 = 3,597,215.75 kW/h = 3,597,215,750 W/h March 3rd, 2012 = 3,596,212.50 kW/h = 3,596,212,500 W/h B. Total kW/h per day needed from PV Modules 1,003.25 kW/h x 1.3 (the energy lost in the system) = 1,304.225 kWh/Day = 1,304,225 Wh/Day 2. Sizing PV Modules A. Total W peak rating needed for PV Modules Watt - Peak Rating: 1,304,225 Wh/Day / 4.60 = 283,527 Wp Finding average “Panel Generation Factor“ = 4.60 Month

Sun Hours/Day

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

3.10 3.80 4.60 5.30 5.70 6.00 6.00 5.60 5.00 4.30 3.20 2.70

Averge PGF

4.60

Photovoltaics: Power consumption, Sizing PV Modules, Placement of PV Modules, Section Details

Month Sun Hours/Day Watts Watt-Hours/Day

Jan 3.10 28,440 88,164 Feb 3.80 28,440 108,072 Mar 4.60 28,440 130,824 Apr 5.30 28,440 150,732 May 5.70 28,440 162,108 Jun 6.00 28,440 170,640 Jul 6.00 28,440 170,640 Aug 5.60 28,440 159,264 Sep 5.00 28,440

142,200 Oct 4.30 28,440 122,292 Nov 3.20 28,440 91,008 Dec 2.70 28,440 76,788

1,572,732/12

=131,061 Wh/Day Average B. Number of Panels Needed: 283,527 / 240 (Watts Per Panel) = 1181.36 Panels 3. Selecting Type of Panel Type: Monocrystalline Silicon Size per panel: 5’ x 2’ = 10 ft2 Total Area of Coverage: 12,424.91 ft2

Photovoltaics | Calculations

Existing

Proposed

4. Determine Power Consumption with Solar Panels

4. Determine Power Consumption with Solar Panels and New Light Grid

Total Power Consumption Per Day (existing) = 1,003,250 Wh/Day

Total Power Consumption Per Day (w/ new light grid)

966,742.58 Wh/Day

5. Costs

- Power Provided By Solar Panels

Total Power Consumption with Solar Panels

- 131,061 Wh/Day __________________ 835,681.58 Wh/Day

A. Existing Monthly Electric Bill Without Photovoltaics

Convert to kWh: 835,681.58/1,000 = 835.68 kWh/Day

Convert to kWh: 1,003,250 Wh / 1,000 = 1003.25 kWh/Day

Electric Bill Per Day (w/o solar panels): 1003.25 kWh x $0.07 = $70.22/Day Electric Bill Per Month (w/o solar panels): $70.22 x 30 = $2106.82/Month

5. Costs A. Monthly Electric Bill With Photovoltaics Electric Bill Per Day (w/ solar panels): 835.68 kWh x $0.07 = $58.49/Day Electric Bill Per Month (w/o solar panels): $58.49 x 30 = $1754.92/Month

C. Long-Term Costs vs. Savings You save $351.90/Month

$4222.80/Year Cost per panel $500.00 Cost for 1,181 panels: 1,181 x $500.00 = $590,500.00 Long term cost: $4222.8 x 25 years = $105,570.00

Photovoltaics: Power consumption, Sizing PV Modules, Placement of PV Modules, Section Details

Photovoltaics | Roof Plan

Photovoltaics: Power consumption, Sizing PV Modules, Placement of PV Modules, Section Details

Photovoltaics | Section Details Winter Solstice Noon December 22, 2011

Photovoltaics: Power consumption, Sizing PV Modules, Placement of PV Modules, Section Details

Photovoltaics | Section Details Summer Solstice Noon June 22, 2011

Photovoltaics: Power consumption, Sizing PV Modules, Placement of PV Modules, Section Details

Photovoltaics | Detailed Section of Installation frame

Photovoltaics: Power consumption, Sizing PV Modules, Placement of PV Modules, Section Details

Acoustics

Acoustics: Calculations, Material Proposal

Acoustics

Existing

Noise Reduction between Wind Tunnel Room and Wood Shop (in dB)

Find Room Absorption For Wood Shop (in Sabins)

1. NR = TL + 10 log a2/S

B

outside

TL = 30 dB (16mm gypsum board at 500 Hz) a2 = Total room absorption (after treatment) in receiving room (in sabins).

Wind Tunnel

A

Wood Shop

C

S = Surface area of common barrier (sf ).

NR = 30 + 10 log (304.8 / 610) NR = 30 + 10 log (.5)

D Surface Area

outside

A : 61’ x 10’ = 610 sf B : 53’ x 22’ = 1,166 sf C : 61’ x 10’ = 610 sf D : 53’ x 22’ = 1,166 sf Ceiling : 53’ x 61’ =3,233 sf Floor ’ : 53’ x 61’ =3,233 sf

Total Room Absorption

A : 610 x 0.05 = 30.5 sabins

B : 1,166 x 0.06 = 57.24 sabins

C : 610 x 0.05 = 30.5 sabins

D : 1,166 x 0.06 = 57.24 sabins

Ceiling : 3,233 x 0.02 = 64.66 sabins

Floor : 3,233 sf x 0.02 = 64.66 sabins TOTAL:

304.8 sabins

Acoustics: Calculations, Material Proposal

NR = 27 dB 2. Find the sound level L2 in Wood shop NR = L1 - L2 L2 = L1 - NR L2 = 135 dB - 27 dB L2 (Receiving wood shop) = 108 dB @ 500 Hz

Acoustics Proposed

Noise Reduction between Wind Tunnel Room and Wood Shop (in dB)

Find Room Absorption For Wood Shop (in Sabins)

1. NR = TL + 10 log a2/S

B

TL = 104 dB (lightweight concrete blocks with gypsum board both sides with glass-fiber insulation in cavity)

outside

a2 = Total room absorption (after treatment) in receiving room (in sabins).

Wind Tunnel

A

Wood Shop

C

S = Surface area of common barrier (sf ).

NR = 102 + 10 log (4,814 / 1,342) NR = 110 dB

D Surface Area

outside

A : 61’ x 22’ = 1342 sf B : 53’ x 22’ = 1,166 sf C : 61’ x 10’ = 610 sf D : 53’ x 22’ = 1,166 sf Ceiling : 53’ x 61’ =3,233 sf Floor ’ : 53’ x 61’ =3,233 sf

Total Room Absorption

A : 1,342 x (0.31 + 0.08 + 0.68) = 1,047 sabins

(double row of 2x4 wood studs 16 in oc with 3/8 gypsum board on both

sides of construction, glass-fiber insulation in cavity)

B : 1,166 x 0.06 = 57.24 sabins

C : 610 x 0.05 = 30.5 sabins

D : 1,166 x 0.06 = 57.24 sabins

Ceiling : 3,233 x 0.02 = 64.66 sabins

Floor : 3,233 sf x (0.18 + 0.02 + 0.68 + 0.10) = 3,168.34 sabins

(reinforced concrete slab with wood flooring on wooden battens flaoted

on glass fiber)

TOTAL:

4,814 sabins

Acoustics: Calculations, Material Proposal

2. Find the sound level L2 in Wood shop NR = L1 - L2 L2 = L1 - NR L2 = 135 dB - 110 dB L2 (Receiving wood shop) = 25 dB

Existing Lighting Quality

Light

Dark

Existing Conditions: Light Diagram, Sound Diagram

Proposed Lighting Quality

Light

Light

Dark

Existing Conditions: Light Diagram, Sound Diagram

Dark

Existing Sound Quality

Loud

Loud

Quiet

Existing Conditions: Light Diagram, Sound Diagram

Quiet

Proposed Sound Quality

Loud

Loud

Quiet

Existing Conditions: Light Diagram, Sound Diagram

Quiet

The End

Environmental Control Systems II Improving Prince Lab Group 8: Adrian Au, Seoyoon Stacy Choi, Shu Chi Pony Weng, Caitlin Weisman, Rawan Al-Saffar

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy