Professional Placement Logbook - 2017-2018

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH ARCH10008 PROFESSIONAL PLACEMENT DEVELOPMENTAL WORKBOOK (1500 WORDS STATEMENT INCLUDED) LOK CHI AUDREY CHAN (S1433555) APRIL 2018

PLACEMENT YEAR SUMMARY During this placement year, I have travelled to multiple destinations to pursue working experience, and to compile a series of evaluated database of case studies, through visiting landscape projects in person located across several countries, with different culture and landscape practices. This placement year was very fruitful, in terms of reflecting and improving my personal organisation, professional knowledge in the landscape architecture industry and working efficiency, through learning from my working peers, project visits and participating internal continuous professional development. To measure the improvements, I had in these aspects, I have set out a list of objectives at the beginning of the year as below:

After travelling in Japan, I undertook an internship in Ramboll Studio Dreiseitl, the Singapore branch and the Asia headquarter of Ramboll Group, an international consultancy specializing in climate adaptation, water engineering and landscape services. I was responsible for producing graphics and presentations for multiple project types, ranging from competition entries and landscaping in commercial developments. This internship is the most fruitful of all I have done this year, as I got to learn all the things I want to improve this year.

For Professionalism, technical knowledge and judgements, I found the spatial analyses produce from this phase are very similar to the current output I produce for coursework. Additional assessments 1 Professionalism, technical knowledge and judgements like biodiversity impact assessments and tree assessments are outsourced to specialists. When 1.1 Operation on the different working phases design consultation phase starts, landscape architects should keep every team members, relevant 1.2 Inter-communication across project team consultants, decision makers updated on design progress through transparent information sharing 1.3 Code of practice as a landscape architect systems and regular communications. A landscape architect should also balance the client’s request 1.4 Technical knowledge to planting, detail design and master planning. with professional knowledge and environmental stewardship, ensuring the design proposal fulfils client 1.5 Case studies and Continuous Professional Development request, as well as providing a sophisticated environment for all organisms to dwell comfortably. If 2 Personal Organization – Time and Project Management possible, a consistent design character should also be shown across design projects. One should be 3 Working Efficiency aware of the environmental impact the design intervention shall bring to the site, which can be related 3.1 Adobe Creative Suite to compensating the biodiversity impact to invite local wildlife to live here again. At tender drawing 3.2 Autodesk CAD stage, planning application such as tree felling plan and tender drawing needs to be drawn precisely 3.3 3D modelling Software (Sketchup, Rhino) and accurately. During construction, an advisor from each consultancies should be appointed on site to discuss design changes. Changes made on-site should be documented on the as built drawings. On In August, I have travelled to Japan to explore the design principle of traditional Japanese landscape handover, landscape architects should deliver a package of maintenance instruction, as built drawings and how these principles translate into recent development, through visiting multiple landmarks and relevant documents to ensure proper maintenance. developed in different time periods across central Tokyo. I found that traditional Japanese landscapes are heavily religion-driven, where it revolves around creating naturalistic hideaways for god figures to Besides, landscape professionals should engage into landscape discussions, and keep updating reside in. the changes in local Design Guidelines, software updates and new award-winning projects for future reference. One might not be able to memorize all technical knowledge, however one should acquire a These hideaways balance geometrical layouts with a natural material palette applied on structures list of reliable sources to research any technical knowledge whenever in need. and hardscapes. Points of interest create a tranquilizing atmosphere and ambience experience to human’s sensory, isolating all urban noises regardless of the site’s proximity to urban environment. For personal organization, I found that being stubborn and fear of failing on the first try are the main Pathways and forms are arranged in an organic, meandering manner, imitating the natural forms of contributor to affect my time management. Throughout this internship, I have been trying to get other different features and creating a sense of mystery through enclosing views. Sceneries offered are colleague’s assistance whenever I needed help, that I can work at a higher efficiency and prevent composed with multiple layers, increasing the depth of landscape, despite occupying a small space. from getting carried away on a wrong direction. However, the fear of failing is still hindering me from Plants are also carefully chosen to balance between geometries and nature in the garden. Conifers kickstarting my task and refine my work, which also contribute to my stubbornness. I shall work towards such as pines and neutral-coloured plants are used in singular form to pair with architectural embracing failure to refine designs in preparation for my master year. structures, whereas broadleaved plants and bright flowers are used along corridors and dense canopy across the park.

For working efficiency, I have learnt some tips and tricks from company workshops and peer learning from my colleagues on computer graphic manipulation including photoshop, InDesign and AutoCAD. These design principles are carried across to contemporary landscape architecture practice in It has drastically improved both the quantity and quality graphics I am able to produce in a given Japan. Single specimen trees are used to pair with architectural structures, and wherever possible, timeframe. To prepare for my master year and future career, libraries of resources should be created to outdoor furniture and pathways are arranged in organic forms, built with natural materials of neutral- minimise the time required to source images every time. colors. Creative approaches are also experimented in these new developments, including blending in ground.

During weekends, I visited a lot of major landscape projects in Singapore, to observe and evaluate the different landscape designs and the effectiveness to accommodate the programme of the This trip is very insightful for my landscape design knowledge. Japanese landscape designs are very project. I have also attended landscape architecture related events in Singapore, which expanded effective in providing refuge for public visitors, as well as local species. It corresponds to my design my professional insights to current landscape architecture discussions and development trend, style to create refuge in urban environments. They provide a good reference point for both project for maintenance equipment and plant support systems. These hands-on experiences equipped me a Japanese landscapes and urban refuge. wide range of knowledge to be applied and referenced whenever my colleagues strike up a design 2

PLACEMENT YEAR SUMMARY discussion for a certain project. In terms of knowledge and exposure to landscape projects in Singapore, I am very competent, often better than a local, which brings me to conclude that having a proactive exposure to local and recent new landscape development and technologies can be a powerful tool for design conversations, and I would like to keep up the habit.

After completing my internship in Singapore, I flew to Canberra, Australia for a second internship at Harris Hobbs Landscapes. It is a small award-winning company which specialises in landscaping services for both residential and commercial landscape design. Expecting to learn more about business management in landscape architecture industry, I was disappointed to find myself only working as an AutoCAD draftsman for landscape plans and tree assessments for majority of the time. Nevertheless, my internship in this company improved my AutoCAD skills drastically, in learning and practicing different commands, producing precise drawing with an inaccurate drawing base and producing easy-to-read drawings for non-landscape professionals.

Since the company also curate art exhibition for the Canberra city, I had the opportunity to assist on the graphic production of catalogues, websites and merchandise, as well as participating in event planning meeting. Although it has little relevance to landscape architecture industry, it is a great reference to curate social activation events to activate landscape developments, which can invite more visitors into a landscape.

Throughout this year, although I struggled to memorize technical knowledge by heart, I have improved in researching design standards from reliable sources, and graphic manipulation except 3d modelling. I have also established a habit to actively update myself on latest landscape architecture trends. However, I have improved the least on 3d modelling skills and making design decisions. I am able to evaluate the main factors that hinders me to become a better professional in the landscape industry. To prepare myself better for master year and kickstarting my career, I would continue to visit different landscape projects at my location and attend landscape related events whenever possible. I aim to keep myself updated to the latest landscape development through reading online magazines and researches. While maintaining my graphic manipulation skills with weekly practices, I should improve my 3d modelling skills through online learning and practicing with previous projects I have completed. To improve my work efficiency, I shall try doing design practices to slowly accept and familiarize failure is not shameful but useful to inspire better designs, as well as find the best way for me to develop a design for a site.

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01-02 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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FINDINGS

ASAKUZA/ TOKYO SKYTREEE

- RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE - ASIA LANDSCAPE -URBAN LANDSCAPE

-ROOFTOP TERRACE - VERTICAL GREENING -

01-02 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

ASAKUZA/ TOKYO SKYTREEE

- RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE - ASIA LANDSCAPE -URBAN LANDSCAPE

-ROOFTOP TERRACE - VERTICAL GREENING -

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS

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01-02 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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FINDINGS

ASAKUZA/ TOKYO SKYTREEE

- RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE - ASIA LANDSCAPE -URBAN LANDSCAPE

-ROOFTOP TERRACE - VERTICAL GREENING -

03 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

DAIBA/SHIODOME/HARAJUKU/ SHINJUKU

FINDINGS - WATERFRONT DESIGN - URBAN PLANNING - RECREATIONAL LANDSCAPE

- STREETSCAPE - LINEAR PARK

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03 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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DAIBA/SHIODOME/HARAJUKU/ SHINJUKU

FINDINGS - WATERFRONT DESIGN - URBAN PLANNING - RECREATIONAL LANDSCAPE

- STREETSCAPE - LINEAR PARK

03 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

DAIBA/SHIODOME/HARAJUKU/ SHINJUKU

FINDINGS - WATERFRONT DESIGN - URBAN PLANNING - RECREATIONAL LANDSCAPE

- STREETSCAPE - LINEAR PARK

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04 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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SHINJUKU/SHIMBASHI/ SHIBUYA

FINDINGS - ROOFTOP TERRACE - URBAN GREENING - PLANTING PALETTE

-PLANTING DESIGN - DETAIL DESIGN - STREETSCAPE - PRIVATE LANDSCAPES

04 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

SHIMBASHI/SHIBUYA

- ROOFTOP TERRACE - URBAN GREENING - PLANTING PALETTE

-PLANTING DESIGN - DETAIL DESIGN - STREETSCAPE - PRIVATE LANDSCAPES

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04 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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EAST SHINJUKU BUSINESS DISTRICT

FINDINGS - PLANTING PALETTE -PLANTING DESIGN - DETAIL DESIGN

- STREETSCAPE - PRIVATE LANDSCAPES

04 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

EAST SHINJUKU BUSINESS DISTRICT

FINDINGS - PLANTING PALETTE -PLANTING DESIGN - DETAIL DESIGN

- STREETSCAPE - PRIVATE LANDSCAPES

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04 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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EAST SHINJUKU BUSINESS DISTRICT

FINDINGS - PLANTING PALETTE -PLANTING DESIGN - DETAIL DESIGN

- STREETSCAPE - PRIVATE LANDSCAPES

05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

SHIODOME/KOKYOGAIEN/ MEIJI JINGU

FINDINGS -RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE -PLANTING DESIGN - PLANTING PALETTE

- DETAIL DESIGN - PICTURESQUE DESIGN - RECREATIONAL DESIGN -HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE - WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN

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05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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H A M A - R I KY U G A R D E N , SHIODOME

FINDINGS -RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE -PLANTING DESIGN - PLANTING PALETTE

- DETAIL DESIGN - PICTURESQUE DESIGN - RECREATIONAL DESIGN -HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE - WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN

05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

H A M A - R I KY U G A R D E N , SHIODOME

FINDINGS -RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE -PLANTING DESIGN - PLANTING PALETTE

- DETAIL DESIGN - PICTURESQUE DESIGN - RECREATIONAL DESIGN -HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE - WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN

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05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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H A M A - R I KY U G A R D E N , SHIODOME

FINDINGS -RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE -PLANTING DESIGN - PLANTING PALETTE

- DETAIL DESIGN - PICTURESQUE DESIGN - RECREATIONAL DESIGN -HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE - WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN

05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

H A M A - R I KY U G A R D E N , SHIODOME

FINDINGS -RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE -PLANTING DESIGN - PLANTING PALETTE

- DETAIL DESIGN - PICTURESQUE DESIGN - RECREATIONAL DESIGN -HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE - WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN

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05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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H A M A - R I KY U G A R D E N , SHIODOME

FINDINGS -RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE -PLANTING DESIGN - PLANTING PALETTE

- DETAIL DESIGN - PICTURESQUE DESIGN - RECREATIONAL DESIGN -HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE - WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN

05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

K O KY O G A I E N N AT I O N A L GARDEN

FINDINGS -PLANTING DESIGN - PLANTING PALETTE - DETAIL DESIGN

- PICTURESQUE DESIGN - RECREATIONAL DESIGN -HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE

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05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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K O KY O G A I E N N AT I O N A L GARDEN

FINDINGS -PLANTING DESIGN - PLANTING PALETTE - DETAIL DESIGN

- PICTURESQUE DESIGN - RECREATIONAL DESIGN -HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE

05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

K O KY O G A I E N N AT I O N A L GARDEN

FINDINGS -PLANTING DESIGN - PLANTING PALETTE - DETAIL DESIGN

- PICTURESQUE DESIGN - RECREATIONAL DESIGN -HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE

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05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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K O KY O G A I E N N AT I O N A L GARDEN

FINDINGS -PLANTING DESIGN - PLANTING PALETTE - DETAIL DESIGN

- PICTURESQUE DESIGN - RECREATIONAL DESIGN -HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE

05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

K O KY O G A I E N N AT I O N A L GARDEN

FINDINGS -PLANTING DESIGN - PLANTING PALETTE - DETAIL DESIGN

- PICTURESQUE DESIGN - RECREATIONAL DESIGN -HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE

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05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

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FINDINGS

MEIJI JINGU, TOKYO

- RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE - DETAIL DESIGN - PICTURESQUE DESIGN

- RECREATIONAL DESIGN - HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE - MIXED USE LANDSCAPE

05 AUG 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

MEIJI JINGU, TOKYO

- RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE - DETAIL DESIGN - PICTURESQUE DESIGN

- RECREATIONAL DESIGN - HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE - MIXED USE LANDSCAPE

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01 SEP 2017 CASE STUDY

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READING LOG FROM MAGAZINES

FINDINGS - PLANTING PALETTE - RESIDENTIAL DESIGN - GARDEN DESIGN

- ACCESSIBILITY DESIGN - LIGHTING DESIGN

-

01 SEP 2017 CASE STUDY

PRIVATE GARDEN BY MARK LANE DESIGN

FINDINGS - PLANTING PALETTE - RESIDENTIAL DESIGN - GARDEN DESIGN

- ACCESSIBILITY DESIGN - LIGHTING DESIGN

-

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01 SEP 2017 CASE STUDY

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READING LOG FROM MAGAZINES

FINDINGS -DETAIL DESIGN -SKETCHING/ HANDDRAWN MEDIA

01 SEP 2017 CASE STUDY

READING LOG FROM MAGAZINES

FINDINGS -DETAIL DESIGN -SKETCHING/ HANDDRAWN MEDIA

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SINGAPORE

02 SEP 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

ESPLANADE - THEATRES BY THE - urban planning - landscape design - detail design BAY & DOWNTOWN CORE

Upon arrival at Singapore, I realised their streetscape is full of greeneries - trees are planted, wherever possible, along the traffic roads to separate the pedestrian access, and in residential areas, lawn strips are planted in between traffic road and public access, providing a scenery of dense vegetation. Compared to other urban cities like Hong Kong and Edinburgh, I am surprised by how much plantation are present in a dense city.

This impression is further reinforced when I visited the waterfront along Singapore River, especially along Fullerton Road, a tourist-intensive area with a lot of hotels and access to panoramic view of Singapore cityscape. Different from the public streetscape, the choice of plants are Streetscape in a residential area of Tiong Bahru more colorful, and builds character to private developments.

Exotic planting seen along the waterfront of a hotel in downtown core, giving a vibrant character to the landscape

Walking along the waterfront, greeneries are consistent along the Singapore cityscape.

- planting design

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS Although the waterfront area is owned by multiple corporate/ owners, and the planting palette differs across each area, the hardscape design eg paving was what keeps the waterfront coherent in terms of design language. Although it was not completely the same, the paving remins to be cool colored, with brushed steel railings. Moreover, the color palette of the hardscape matches up with the water of the waterfront, blending all landscape elements into unity.

This gave me insight to the importance to have a coherent material and planting palette across a landscape, since changes in hardscape elements can create a quickshift in atmosphere, leaving the landscape fragmented when it is supposed to be connected.

On the occasion where the site is co-owned by multiple owners, an advance design coordination meeting would help improving the public perception of a place, while all it takes is a little cooperation on what materials to use.

Besides, human are naturally drawn to water, therefore the several landscape elements such as the viewing deck, merlion fountain and the open water edge/seating area on the waterfront enhances the near-water experience for visitors, allowing the visitors to draw a closer connection to the water, where they have a more-rounded view towards the estuary and provides a photogenic spot.

In a landscape architect point of view, one should try to open up access to waterfront to the public as much as possible since it allows people to relax and breathe from the compact cityscape. Moreover, a closer relationship to the water, would enhance one's experience at the landscape, and achieves a more therapeutic effect if intended.

ESPLANADE - THEATRES BY THE BAY Located at the estaury of Singapore River, Esplanade a multicultural venue, hosting both outdoor and indoor performances.

Outside the pricklydesigned concert hall building, an outdoor amphitheatre, a near water promenade and a front yard garden awaits for visitors to explore.

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Focusing on the front yard garden, the landscape layout echoes the design language from the main concert hall structure. Meandering paths are layed out carefully across different planting areas, which provide a different encounter from the heavily urbanised area, as well as access to other facilities such as sitting area and picnic tables. There are also several water features that runs across the front yard. I personally liked the details that were added to the drains, which conceals the fact that it is a drainage channel.

Theatres by the Bay is tightly connected with its surrounding, through overground and underground structure. It is connected to the Merlion Park through the Jubilee Bridge, the National Gallery of SIngapore through underpass, and Gardens by the Bay ot Marina Bay Sands through the Helix Bridge. It provides a stunning view both in daylight and night.

03 - 04 SEP 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

DOWNTOWN CORE

- Vertical greening - landscape history - waterfront design

Due to complications on my visa, I got two extra days available to explore Singapore before commencing my internship. I continued to explore the Downtown Core area, which includes a lot of historical heritage from the past.

I walked past the Singapore Parliament House, a relatively new structure built at 1995, as well as the National Gallery Singapore, a hybrid structure of the former supreme court and city hall, dated back in the 1930s. Besides hosting art exhibitions, it also has a rooftop terrace, accomodating outdoor installations and temporary exhibitions. Plantings of different height were used in zone out different exhibition area and visual access to the artist's preference.I started to wonder how the rooftop manages to carry all these loads despite being a part of the old historical structure, as well as the way Singapore Parliament House they utilise planting as a tool on curating spaces for exhibitions.

Image from Internet (Pinterest, 2017)

Image from Internet (E-flux.com, 2017)

CLARKE QUAY/SINGAPORE RIVER WATERFRONT 10 minutes walk from the National Gallery, I arrived at one of the waterfront promenade of SIngapore River. It is accessible through all types of transport, both light and heavy vehicles. It overlooks towards a busy nightlife district called Clarke Quay, as well as central business district from different angles. The widely available visual access from the waterfront, and the interconnected water edges weave all cultural, commercial and recreational activities together, providing easy access to different areas and a stunning overview of Singapore. Regardless of if such spatial planning is intended or not, this is a very successful point of interest in providing different experiences to all groups of visitors: accomodating locals with small shops and seating area when they are jsut resting, or signages and clear access for tourists to enjoy the urban scenery. < Food and Beverages available along the stunning view across the river, where people can sit down and enjoy both the local delicacies and the view.

Views from different parts of the waterfront

FORT CANNING PARK (SEE CASE STUDY PAGE)

Signages explaining the history of Singapore River Waterfront >

-planting layout -planting palette spatial design

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS ANALYSIS - NATIONAL GALLERY The Rooftop Terrace's planting is arranged in a semi-open courtyard style, where the main space is enclosed with plantings, providing quick and major access to other facilities on the same floor, at the periphery of the rooftop.

Plantings of different heights are used to divide space and limit visual access. The central courtyard, where the art pieces are displayed have trees planted on the corner with <1m View of the rooftop terrace from interior (excluding planter box height), which defines and concentrate visitor's attention to what is actually happening to the central space. In contrast, next to the peripheral access path along the edge of the courtyard, shrubs of <60cm height are planted on platner boxes with seatings for people who are looking for some good rest, while still having sufficient visual access towards the central courtyard. In addition, climbers are planted along structures that restrict accesses, to screen unpleasant views from the courtyard, and providing privacy to adjacent buildings. They Multi-layered plantation, providing lush climb all the way up to the top of the structure, up greenery visually and divides space to 3.5m.

EVALUATION • I personally think using climbers on top of structures to

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provide screening is a very effective measure to block unpleasant views, however the choice of broadleaved climber species here is too different from the rest of small leaved shrubs, breaking the unity of the planting palette on the terrace A well maintained landscape with strategic planting layout that successfully censor away undesired views such as the glass ceiling of the gallery through plantings of different height. Spaces are also well Peripheral access on the defined under this simple but tidy planting layout.

FURTHER IMPLICATION 1. Look up any local guidelines for planting vertical/rooftop greening, limitations and design consideration when implementing greening on skyrises.

edge of courtyard, where climbers are grown on the right, screening views from adjacent building

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03 SEP 2017 EXPLORATION/ CASE STUDY

FINDINGS

greening N A T I O N A L G A L L E R Y -- Vertical landscape history - waterfront design SINGAPORE

-planting layout -planting palette spatial design

SUPPLEMENTARY DIAGRAMS

SCHEMATIC SKETCHPLAN AND SECTION TO SHOW THE EFFECTS OF PLANTING IN CURATING AND DIVIDING THE OUTDOOR EXHIBTION TERRACE

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02 SEP 2017 CASE STUDY

ESPLANADE - THEATRES BY THE BAY

FINDINGS -Water Sensitive Urban Design

- Landscape Architecture - Urban Landscapes

- Urban Drainage - Detail Design

LOCATION: MARINA BAY, SINGAPORE LAND AREA: 1.1 HECTARE YEAR OF COMPLETION: 2014-2015 ARCHITECTURE: DP ARCHITECT & MICHAEL WILFORD AND PARTNERS LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE: RAMBOLL STUDIO DREISEITL Esplanade Theatres on the Bay is a multicultural performance hall located along the Marina Bay waterfront in Singapore. Connected between the financial and cultural centre of Singapore, not only it receives millions of visitors annually, it is also a main venue for cultural events, both free and ticketed, open air and indoors.

Focusing on the landscaping of the site, despite the fact that the site has almost no access to the Singapore River Esatuary (which is the promenade situated on the other side of the architectural structure), the design was intended to accentuate the presence of water and the lush greenery within the densely uebanised condition. It is intended to create a natural hidaway from the urban environment and showcase the natural dynamism.

'Provided there are multiple entry points to the forecourt, which includes from the promenade, from the underground shopping mall, and through the concert hall building, all entry points introduces visitors a change of scenery through surround them with dense and butterfly-attracting planting, with water features of different rhythm situated across differnt areas of the site.

I especially like the open drain that is customised with small geometric steel pieces scattered across the channel, blending into the other hardscape elemets, at the same time inviting visitors to walk up the slope along the drain, bringing them into the forecourt.

Other water features include small water fountain, mist dispersing station and a small flowing water feature.

Planting palette are carefully chosen for different intention aside from aesthetic purposes. For example, Gelam Tree (Melaleuca cajuputi) and Sea Tristania (Tristaniopsis obovata) are used as a visual and noise buffer from the surrounding traffic. Aside from trees, multi-layered shrubs and accent plantings are densely populated across the landscape, with narrow meandering path breaking up and allowing visitor access across the planting block.

'As visitors meander through the pathways and water features along the various shrubbery and trees, the landscape itself becomes a performance of sorts within the man-made nature, changing constantly with time, light and the surrounding.' -Ramboll Studio Dreiseitl

Interior of the Concert Hall

Surrounding landscaping

Waterfront Promenade near the forecourt

V i e w u p o n e n t e r i n g f r o m M R T Exposed drain customised as part station, another water feature.on site of the landsacpe feature

A wide varieties of planting are Dense vegetation created through used to create a vibrant, colorful using planting of different heights, landscape concealing the urban surroundings and providing an urban hidaway.

Entry Point to the forecourt from the Waterfront Promenade

Details of the exposed drain

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02 SEP 2017 CASE STUDY

ESPLANADE - THEATRES BY THE BAY

SUPPLEMENTARY DIAGRAMS

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FINDINGS -Water Sensitive Urban Design - Urban Drainage - Detail Design

- Landscape Architecture - Urban Landscapes

EVALUATION AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS PICTORAL/DIAGRAM REFERENCE

DESCRIPTION

ANALYSIS/EVALUATION

FURTHER IMPLICATION

Choice of planting species are strategically chosen (Blue) Trees of 5-6m tall are planted to screen away urban sceneries and maintenance facilities; (Pink) A gradual increase in planting height of shrubs to introduce and invite visitors into the forecourt.

(Blue) Although a very typical way of providing screening, the planting is justified and carefully chosen as the colors, and the form of planting corresponds to the existing planting palette. The canopy provided by the trees only screened away the buildings from behind, but it does not screen away the planting and the bridge.

(Pink) A passive strategy to invite people into a landscape that breaks away from the typical (waterfront promenade) through gradient planting, which is very effective. I did not realise that until I looked back at the photos.

The idea of gradient height planting intrigues me, it was very effective but not bold. For landscape projects where topography are relatively less dynamic, and less vertical elements nearby, with multiple directions of movement are available, this can be an effective measure to attract visitors. Besides,this can also become a great welcome point with appropriate planting choices.

Urban drainage and different types of piping are essential in a landscape. Ramboll Studio Dreiseitl took the opportunity to use the open drain on site to create an additional water feature, distinguishing the forecourt as a place of its own.

Besides continuing the paving material along the drainage channel, small stainless steel triangles are placed across different parts of the open drain, generating ambient sound of water flowing, and attracting visitor's attention. This poses a strong contrast with the maintenance access along the edge of the concert hall building.

A common measure with a creative twist.

Narrow linear drainage channel, with a wider drainage underground are now very common since it allows minimum visual disturbance on the landscape surface, which creates a more pleasant landscape scenery. However, the simple addition of small stainless steel triangles across the channel is one of a kind: It blends the narrow strip of steel as part of the feature, simulating an architectural river, creating a very distinct style for the forecourt.

One should always look for creative ideas to blend technical requirements as part of the landscape. For example, as simple as using slot drain on landscape so the drain is not so exposed on hindsight, or building maintenance facilities in the style of treehouses in rural settings.

Besides the paved walkways on site, sandstone pavers were added across planting blocks, creating narrow paths between vegeataions on site.

This measure provides two benefits: To invite people to get in touch with nature, create pleasant encounters with nature and enhance circulation on site. As Ramboll Studio Dreiseitl seemed to heavily emphasize on bring people closer to nature, I think this is a very good measure to introduce near-nature experience in a very urban setting. It is a shame that due to how much is happening in this site, they could not implement more multi-sensory experiences, which can further enhance one's experience with the nature.

I think this might not be an effective measure to implement at any suburb or rural project because this is a curated design compared how rural design focuses at preserving local value.

However, this can be a easy and acceptibleto-public measure to re-introduce nature to a heavily urbanised area, such as union canal, Edinburgh.

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03 SEP 2017 CASE STUDY

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STUDY - STREETSCAPE IN SINGAPORE

FINDINGS - STREETSCAPES - URBAN PLANTING

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RAMBOLL STUDIO DREISEITL IS A SINGAPORE BASED CONSULTANCY PROVIDING LANDSCAPE SERVICES, AND WATER ENGINEERING DESIGNS. FORMERLY KNOWN AS ATELIER DREISEITL, THEY ARE ONE OF THE KEY DEVELOPERS TO SINGAPORE'S ACTIVE BEAUTIFUL CLEAN WATER PROGRAMME. SIGNATURE PROJECTS INCLUDE BISHAN ANG-MO-KIO PARK, SUNGEI BULOH NATURE RESERVE, AND JURONG ECO-PARK. THE COMPANY IS UNDER THE OWNERSHIP OF RAMBOLL GROUP, AN INTENRATIONAL CLIMATE ADAPTATION, WATER ENGINEERING DESIGN AND LANDSCAPE SERVICES CONSULTANCY. THEY ARE ACTIVELY RESEARCHING ABOUT CURATING A LIVABLE CITY THROUGH A BIOPHILIC APPROACH.

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[DATE] EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

[DESTINATION NAME]

[TEXT]

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS

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FINDINGS Project PDD – Realising ‘conceptual design’ submitted for competition design proposal – A longitude section drawn and rendered to inform the [DATE] [TEXT]

[DESTINATION NAME]

client how the landscape will look like.

EXPLORATION

CAD Base drafted by me

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS

Photoshop rendering Assistance in constructing design tender report for competition submission team A. Communication done through Skype and leaving annotation on PowerPoint, located on a shared server.

Majority of the text on PowerPoint written by me, along with research of mood board images.

Assistance in constructing design tender report for competition submission team B. Task was briefed on Skype first, then base files were transferred with basic landscape features and key information included in the file.

Write up on the base document and inform relevant staff upon completion.

Responsible for 80% of the text in this design report.

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09-10 SEP 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

URA CITY GALLERY

Interested in the urban development principles and ageneral knowledge of singapore, my colleagues recommended me to go to the Urban Redevelopment Authority City Gallery, as it hosts a permanent exhibition about the urban planning history of singapore and future development, with occasional temporary exhibitions.

This trip was very informative since I got to know about the Urban Redevelopment Authority, urban planning of SIngapore and one of the leading architects in Singapore.

URBAN REDEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY

(Urban Redevelopment Authority, 2018)

Urban Redevelopment Authority is Singapore's official governmental deaprtment that plans the city's land use, conserve environment. It aims to reduce land wasteage and maximise the things to achieve within minimual area.

They are the official body that produces architectural and spatial planning guidelines. Established in 1974, it also conserve historic and cultural buildings and national heritages sites.

50 YEARS OF DP ARCHITECTS On arrival at the gallery, I realised one of the leading Singaporean Architects - DP Architects is hosting a temporary exhibition there to celebrate their 50th anniversary of establishment. Except 3d models and developmental drawings, they also obtained permission from all their clients to display some of the architectural blueprints they have done since their establishment.

3D printed models of their building designs

3D landscape models of their multiple projects.

URA PERMANENT EXHIBITION A displaying rack, with all their There are two parts of the permanent exhibition: one discussing the future urban blueprints hung by year for planning trends and the other explaining the spaital planning history of Singapore. showcase

Due to time constraint, I only got to visit the future of Singapore urban planning section, where it covers all the creative ideas of maximising efficiency on a given land area, especially in providing sufficient food resources and minimising importing foods.

3D model of the entire SIngapore, illustrating the current and proposed developments

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- graphic and 3d representation

-landscape history - urban planning - design guidelines

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS Finding Urban Redevelopment Authority gives me a new insight into establishing a new career in a new country. Every country has one or more official department responsible for landscape architecture and urban planning. Looking up the department's official website will grant you access to local masterplanning strategies, design guidelines, development application documents and national design trends. For SIngapore, it is the following:

• National Parks Board - Nature reserves, recreational park management and local biodiversity guides

• Urban Redevelopment Authority - In charge of approving and planning land use

in Singapore, with design guidelines published for professionals and public use.

Utilities Board - In charge of the resource management in Singapore, including water, gas and energy. A co-developer of the Active Beautiful Clean Water Scheme in Singapore, promoting water sensitive urban design in Singapore to maximise stormwater harvesting for local reuse.

• Public

[DATE] EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

[DESTINATION NAME]

[TEXT]

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS

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[DATE] EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

[DESTINATION NAME]

[TEXT]

Given a list of plants to organize and research for planting ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS requirements, as well as constructing a powerpoint for internal design meeting, so that staffs have a reference point visually to choose which plants to include in the planting palette

Since the competition requires a animation to be produced as a final output, therefore illustrator must be used for multi-platform information sharing. After that, one of the design team member handed me a handsketch zoning plan on preliminary groundcover on the plan, so that I can start working on it at photoshop, while she works out the details for me.

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16-17 SEP 2017 EXPLORATION

TIONG BAHRU & ALEXANDRA PARK CONNECTOR

FINDINGS -streetscape -urban planning - art & cultural district

Tiong Bahru is known to be one of the 'hippiest' neighborhood Singapore can offer, due to the housing style and the cultural activities around.

Living in proximity to this neighborhood, I decided to study the role of architecture in curating such an identity to this neighborhood.

HOUSING STYLE AND SPATIAL LAYOUT

Tiong Bahru has a mix of housing built from different periods, and it is has the oldest housing estate in Singapore. Built in 1920s during the colonial times, the housing are normally in art deco style. They are 3-4 storeys high, with spiral staircased apartment, housing 900 units Typical pedestrian streetscape along the in this estate. Additional housing were also built around the area, but periphery of Tiong Bahru architectural styles have been adjusted since then.

-housing design - placemaking

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS • Tiong Bahru is a neighborhood with a very strong social and environmental identity,

•

•

Focusing on these distinctive public housing, the front of the house faces towards a main traffic road, whereas the back provides a relatively huge amount of communal green space, with two backs of the building facing each other. Vegetations are often seen at the backyard, but who owns and manages it remains unknown.

mainly driven by the type of housing offered here and the background of the curation of this neighborhood. Even with additional housing from other periods, the art deco housing stands strong and attracts a lot of foreign, and cultural investment The architectural style of the early colonial period for the housing does not only serve as a placemaking element of the neighborhood, it also provides a good opportunity to educate general public about the landscape history of Singapore, especially in terms of housing developments.

Moreover, under the immense housing pressure, the art deco houses demonstrated a relatively healthy housing layout through implementing accessible green space, and public facilities at the back of buildings, while the front is mainly for commute and traffics. The greenspaces at the back is providing private spaces for local residents, as well as getting a certain extent of privacy through planting. In addition, the intersections of these private corridors provide spaces for public facilities to be built around these backyards. With such proximity to green space, residents feel more relaxed residing here.

• With a lack of designed greenspace development around the neighbourhood, I Public housing built from 1920s, now converted partially mixed use buildings. ((Foo, 2017) (Beyond, 2017)

•

CURRENT USES

Due to its historical background, a lot of artist and independent grocers opens their gallery in Tiong Bahru, hosting cultural activites and art workshops periodically. The public streetscape are decorated with arts and prints in different styles. Galleries, book stores, vinyl CD stores and other cultural shops are situated,providing private space for extensive cultural exchange in Singapore.

•

found that architectural elements really defines a feeling of a space, through their building forms, height and historical values. For example, the colonial histoy and the distinct architectural style of the buildings differenetiates this residential area from the rest of SIngapore.

The housing layout in Tiong Bahru demonstrated the importance of green private space for any housing development. During my visit, I cannot help but to stop and explore these green corridors, where the lush vegetations screens away the urban environments of Tiong Bahru, creating a hidaway courtyard for mainly the resident, but also visitors.

This experience reinforced my belief in the importance of studying a site's history and current conditions before starting any design intervention, since it is a very effective tool to create site-specific landscape designs, and to interfere constructively with the local identity, where less objections from the neighborhood are likely to occur.

• • • As

further study, I would like to compile a case study of another housing in Singapore that has a very strong identity, to compare and contrast the different design devices that constructed the community identity with TIong Bahru neighborhood, and curating places,

Approved public artwork drawn around the neighbourhood.

Shopowners would decorate their shopfront with their own style

Tiong Bahru Market - a lot of Michelin reommended stall hidden here

Tiong Bahru Community Centre

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16-17 SEP 2017 EXPLORATION/CASE STUDY

FINDINGS

TIONG BAHRU PARK

-neighbourhood park - public park -local design guidelines

-urban park -urban landscapes

LOCATION: ALONG TIONG BAHRU ROAD AND ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS LOWER DELTA ROAD, TIONG BAHRU, SINGAPORE Overall, the park exceeded my expectations, because there is so much happening in the park, yet one does not LAND AREA: 3.3 HECTARES feel overwhelmed by everything happening there, in such YEAR OF COMPLETION: 2000 a limited area. However, I had a very low expectation to LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE: NATIONAL PARKS start with, due to the bad designs I have seen in visiting public park in Hong Kong, where all greeneries are BOARD Tiong Bahru Park is one of the cloest park to my residence, which gives me a good starting point to study the pattern of public parks in Singapore. 5 minutes walk from Tiong Bahru station, the park accomodates all the recreational needs of the general public, ranging from children's playground, picnic tables, open lawn or picnic pagodas and fitness equippments. It is a neighborhood park that activate social interaction through communal sports event such as weekly morning run, large group exercising and volunteering programmes.

restricted from access, and the park is very dominant is hard paving.

I am most surprised by how much greenery and plantation is accessible to the general public, despite being so simple in terms of number of species. I don't think this is a good park, since it is not visually attractive, which does not attract people to appreciate the landscape. Despite having a therapeutic garden, it is extremely underused, as A typical neighborhood public well as the mound retained from the former nursery. The park in Hong Kong. (Urbis.com. park needs to increase the number of natural attractions hk, 2017) such as ornamental plantings, for example adding plantings onto the seating area of the mound every two layers. The park should also rearrange similar features together, as there are two fitness areas in the park, where Multiple meandering pathways across the A sitting structure with maintenance Fitness area at the ned of the park, near one of them is located along slow paced features like park, taken near the park entrance from facilities in the centre.

Henderson Road. open lawn and therapeutic garden, disrupting the rhythm Lower Delta Road. of that part of the park; The other is close to a playing field, which is an appropriate choice of location.

Tiong Bahru Park has a distinctive history. It was first developed in 1967, which combined with a nursery nearby in 1977 and got redeveloped in 2000, to be one of the project for 'Old Frame, New Images' in terms of retaining Nevertheless, this park is connected to the Henderson existing structures and bringing in new facilities. In 2017, a therapeutic garden was added as part of the park, in park connector network according to the signboards. I the purpose of inviting visitors to engage with nature through a series of multi sensory experiences. It also provides would like to further investigate into this Park Connector a social activation programme through inviting the public to volunteer in taking care of the garden.

Network scheme in Singapore and what is it about.

The park embodies more than accomodating human demands, a wide range of small raptiles and insects are also seen on site. A heritage tree is also registered inside the park.

Plan of the therapeutuc garden

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A heritage tree and A running river, as a animals are seen in the water feature in the park. park.

16-17 SEP 2017 EXPLORATION/ CASE STUDY

ALEXANDRA PARK CONNECTOR

FINDINGS - water sensitive urban design - waterfront design - linear park

After some researches on Park Connector Network, I decided to visit one myself. Slightly north to Tiong Bahru lies the Alexandra Park Connector. It is a linear network situated along a canal, and at the end of the connector, it provided me some fresh insight into the landscape architecture design trend in Singapore.

PARK CONNECTOR NETWORK Park connector network is a pedestrian-centric network of path that provides access path for cycling, walking and running. It connects different parks and green space across Singapore. Managed by National Parks, the scheme began in 1991, after obtaining approval from the The Garden City Action Committee. It is provisioned that by 2020, Sinapore Signboard on entrance will have 360km of Park Connectors, an increase from 200km at the moment. of the Connector

ALEXANDRA CONNECTOR NETWORK

- pocket park - local planning guidelines

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS • Park Connector Network is a scheme every country should adapt in certain extent,

as it does not only imporve accessibility for human to use different greenspaces across a city, it also benefits local biodiversity, since corridors of habitats are curated along urban spaces, providing hidaway spaces and food supply for local faunas,

• As

simple as paving along the water edge goes a long way - with the basic pedestrian and cycling path arranged along the water edge, it effectively activates the water edge into a welcoming space for exploration

• Although the site is developed with a positive intention, the location of the site Park Connector Network today ((Ura.gov.sg, 2017))

This park connector is quite hard and unpleasant since it takes a long time to walk from Tiong Bahru, and there is so much road along the highways and pedestrian lights that one has to stop multiple times to get there. However, a bicycle would make things a bit easier since the pace is a lot faster.

is hard to access due to the lack of pedestrian infrastructures such as corssing lights, and long walking journey just to arrive at the park connnector. On the day of visit, I can only see 5 people as I walked through the entire 1.7km corridor. Based on a weekend visit, I would assume the park connector is underused due tolack of accessibility across the surrounding

• However, given there are residential development in construction on the other

side of the canal, I would assume the promenade to be used a lot more in the near future. Nevertheless, the National Parks should ask relevant authorities to .accessibility from the outside.

Due to a storm event yesterday, all the water in the canal Bicycles seen around the has gone murky. Nevertheless, the waterfront provides entrance of the connector. all the basic a waterfront has to offer: A separated path This network present between pedestrian and bicycles and a pleasant view. The a huge opportunity for waterfront runs on both edges of the canal, fenced off from stimulating surrounding people dropping into the canal. The promenade often development extends out towards the centre of the canal, providing a viewing platform for people taking a stroll.

• Within

the park connector, it has definitely improved pedestrian accessibility across its surrounding locations, accomodated with very pleasant sceneries of the waterfront.

• Although the waterfront is generally dominated by hard pavings due to the primary

function on site, plantings are implemented regularly to increase green covers, including climbers on fence railings, as well as traditional roadside planting such as trees, shrubs and groundcovers.

• As a further study, I would like to compile a database of how Singapore maximises

the opportunity to implement planting everywhere, especially the technical requirements for these strategies. For example, the requirement to plant climbers on fence railing, and water edges of a canal/channelised urban drainage.

View from one of the extended platforms along the waterfront.

Pedestrian and cycling paths runs along the edge of canal on both sides

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16-17 SEP 2017 EXPLORATION

ALEXANDRA PARK CONNECTOR (WSUD SHOWCASE)

FINDINGS - water sensitive urban design - waterfront design - linear park

- pocket park - local planning guidelines

LOCATION:STARTS AT TANGLIN ROAD, ENDS AT ZION ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS ROAD, SINGAPORE • A very informative and educative spaces while causing minimal disturbance to the visitor's PARK SPAN: 1.7KM experience through short but concise signages explaining the different features showcased on this site.

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE: NATIONAL PARKS BOARD • A good variation of landscape features without overloading visitor's perception, since they are very similar in nature i.e. different types of wetland and smooth transition to non-water WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN SHOWCASE related landscape designs through continuing the material palette on site.

Layers of planting filtering particle of different sizes from the water running through, as well as taking up excessive nutrients from t h e w a t e r.

Signages are putted up to educate the public.

Near the end of the Park Connector, there is a series of water intensive gardens and plantations, curated by the Public Utilities Board, intended to showcase how plants co-exist with water, as they filter and cleanse the water through uptaking excess nutrients from the water. Other than water sensitive gardens, a series of urban pocket spaces were also curated to provide a pleasant entry point for visitors to explore the park connector.

There are a wide variety of water sensitive planting design implemented in this site, including Rockscape Garden, Subsurface Flow Wetland, Sedimentation Bay, and an interactive water play area. The water from the canal is extracted from below to the wetland, filtered and treated by the plantation and reused in the water play area.

Sedimentation Bay

Rockscape garden with signage

Water gathered and getting filtered through the planting in the block

The interactive water play area is located next to the park connector entry point, introducing an active element to the passive walk across the canal, and a gradual change of atmosphere from the urban scenry to a nearwater experience, as the visitors enter the park connector.

Formal Plantation on the urban court next to the interactive water paly area.

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• Informal learning done through interactive water play area - On the situation general public did not read the signs, the water play becomes the last straw to provoke their curiosity, of where the water they are playing comes from, and are they cleaned.

16-17 SEP 2017 EXPLORATION

TIONG BAHRU/ ALEXANDRA PARK CONNECTOR

FINDINGS

- pocket park - water sensitive urban design - local planning guidelines -streetscape - waterfront design -urban planning - linear park - art & cultural district

-housing design -neighbourhood park -urban park -urban landscapes

SUPPLEMENTARY DIAGRAMS/ IMAGES TIONG BAHRU NEIGHBORHOOD

Streetscape and facilities in TB Neighborhood

Planting palette along the Tiong Bahru Neighborhood.

TIONG BAHRU PARK

ALEXANDRA PARK CONNECTOR Meandering Path and a bridge corssing the existing river in the central part of the park.

Signage by Public Utilities Board explaining the conditions of using this space.

Wetland that cleanse the water flowing through, which eveutally flows to the water paly area

Areas of the Park Connector without much presence of water

Signages explaining what the water feature is about

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MOODBOARD

EVALUATION/ FURTHER IMPLICATION

Before kickstarting the materplan I was going to render from last week, both me and the staff responsible wanted to make sure the design idea is communicated through, so she sent me a moodboard as a reference to how the different features look like on the landscape, such as amphitheatre, hardscape paving pattern and near water experience images.

In this project, I am playing two roles in this project, a CAD and graphic technician for the team, and the other being an apprentice of landscape designers, and the team structure is organised as below:

18-22 SEP 2017

Monitors staff's performance; Keep tracks of nterim deadlines for progress checks

WORK LOG

Reference images from the given moodboard.

Designs the project and in charge of other intended outpute for the project presentation

MASTERPLAN RENDERING To kickstart my masterplan rendering, the staff also provided me textures and materials to be used on the masterplan. After extracting the contour lines and importing it onto the photoshop baseWith all the reference and referred resources provided, I can finally start to render the masterplan as requested.

Translate and drafts out graphic output such as CAD drafting, photoshop plans and perspective rendering

PROJECT MANAGER

DESIGNER X 3

DRAFTSMAN X 2 (INTERNS)

Throughout the week, more information were added to the plan as the staffs made more design decisions, including In such team structure, max efficiency is achieved the other parts of the site by multiple staffs in the design team, where I have to render as part of the masterplan as through recommending the designers to assign well, details are as below: grpahic production task to draftsman when mandatory information is decided and ready to start, where more 18SEP/ SPORTS PARK -> 21SEP/ WATERFRONT -> 23SEP/ UNDERLINK PASSAGE information can be fed later to complete and refine the graphic, when time limit allows.

Waterfront rendered on 21SEP

Waterfront rendered on 22SEP, with designer's input

Underlink and Sports Park combined rendering on 22 SEP

CAD base provided as base

LESSONS LEARNT/ TECHNIQUES ACQUIRED From this task, I learnt quite a few tips and tricks on photoshopping plans, such as adding new customised textures onto the existing photoshop database, and applying layers style for fill on a given layer with a unified, seamless texture, which is particularly useful for open lawns, and long corridor. It saves time from endlessly copying layers, which also risks the unity and accuracy of the rendering. On the contrary, layer masks are useful to filter and isolate areas that does not required to CAD base with organized layers. be filled, and prevents textures from leaking towards other parts of the graphic.

Layer styles are also useful for creating outline on a filled area, or objects assigned to that layer, enhancing the sharpness of the masterplan.

On creating smoother change across textures, feathering selection can be used to delete and add gradient textures on top of existing fills/textures. Alternatively, blend mode can be used if the change applies to the entire layer.

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As CAD and graphic technician, I would have to listen and interpret designer's instruction and design concept to fully maximise what the plan intended to present.

Throughout this process, I realised how some of the graphics I have done are edited by the designers when I was away. Although slightly disappointed at how I failed to fulfill the designer's expectations, I realised it is impossible to 100% translate what the designers have in mind into reality, due to meaning lost in communication.

I have to recognize this is a shared output that even I am the person who mainly produced the graphic.However in my opinion, a honest and transparent feedback system within the team should be established to achieve best communication and working atmosphere.

WEEK 03

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS

C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND Besides, as a professional in the landscape industry, GUIDELINES I should actively try to improve their working efficieny through Continuing Professional Development, or informal learning through peer sharing to learn new tips and tricks.

In terms of software knowledge, I realised autoCAD is a very effective drafting tool to create masterplan base over photoshop rendering. With organisation on CAD layer planning, it helps producing graphic exports for differet intentions.

Combined materplan for the entire mount, from illutsrtaive diagrams to actual rendered plan.

25-29 SEP 2017 WEEK 04 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES

REFINING GRAPHICS

2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION

Final Masterplan before handed over to staff.

Sports park and underlink combined with satellite image underlay.

My masterplan rendering is checked by the staff once daily, to ensure progress and to provide feedback on graphics standards, and quality to improve (on top of some edits they have made after official office hours) After all the information has been provided, the masterplan is now combined with the existing satellite imagery of the site, to provide a better view and context of how the proposal shall enhance the conditions of the country park. Moreover, as the site area covers the entire mount, schematic designs are also implemented on other parts of the mount, therefore the masterplan also have to be combined into a plan that covers the entire mount, regardless of how small it looks on the final plan.

OTHER TECHNICAL GRAPHICS REFINEMENT After handing over the masterplan to the responsible staff, I was assigned to edit a already rendered section due to structural updates on the building. The building graphic was rendered by another technician and handed over, where I am reponsible to combine theh udpated building graphics with the surrounding environment, showing its relationship with the underground structure and central plaza of the country park. This section requires a lot more detail than ones have been producing for my school projects, especially proposed plant species and details of the interiors were also included.

B. DESIGN DECISIONS

EVALUATION/ FURTHER IMPLICATION PLAN & SECTION TOUCHUPS As I pick up the pace and some tips and tricks from my colleagues, my working efficiency have increased a lot, but grew very exhausted towards the graphics.

I realise and agree as a professional landscape architect, one should have patience and preserverence to touch up the same graphics over very long period of time due to client requests, inter-design teams meetings. However, since there are no client meetings and I am only receiving one graphic at a time, my eyes grew numb to any minor changes I made to the masterplan. Therefore, it is also important for a landscape architect to alternatively organize a collaborative peer review to ensure awareness on the changes made on graphic productions.

Besides, I have acquired skills on sub-layering on photoshop, which is a similar mechanism to layer mask but automatically detecting the selected areas in the mother layer. The mask provided by sub-layering does not require any manual update if the mother layer has changed since it is directly assigned for that mother layer. Secondly, one should provide an underlay to the masterplan as a backdrop to show context of the plan, while differentiating the proposed changes from the existing conditions. Transparency plays a crucial part here. This could have been particularly useful in my Landscape Reclamation Project from last year.

Ground Textures and underlay are not properly differentiated from one another especially on print, confusing viewers during presentation.

C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES Section assigned to be refined.

A well-rounded proposal should also include sections, since it provides information that is exclusive to sectionsm such as interior use of buildigns and the spatial relaitonship from different levels. Similar design language should be adapted, therefore a render material database must be kept to provide coherent graphic style in a project.

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PERSPECTIVE RENDERING With plans and sections ready, our team decided to produce perspective renderings to simulate the scenery from our proposed design. I was assigned to complete two renderings. The first one is to add more features and 'naturalise/de-dramatize' into an out-sourced rendering. I tried rendering from an existing site photo to replace the out-sourced rendering, but it did not work so I just added more features onto the out-sourced rendering to illustrate how the design looks like. I rendered the second rendering from an existing site photo with textures obtained online to simulate what the staff tried to recreate.

Reference textures for perspective rendering

Section assigned to be refined.

The different attempts of rendering the perspective from existing site photos, and changing to render from an over-the-top outsourced rendering

DETAIL DESIGN - 3D MODELLING After giving a headstart to all the required graphics for the competition submission booklet, one of the staff have designed a pavilion for the viewing point on the highest point of the mount. Given the lack of staff available and tight timeframe, I was given the task to model the pavilion in any 3D modelling software. At the end, I did not manage to finish this modelling task on time due to technical difficulties, with other task in higher priority to complete.

Reference Image/information provided by the designer, and the final product before I had to move onto other tasks.

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EVALUATION/ FURTHER IMPLICATION PERSPECTIVE RENDERING To be all honest, I was traumatized to recreate perspective rendering, as I am not confident in terms of my skillset in photoshop, and I never managed to produce a sophisticated perspective rendering in my past projects. However, by forcing myself to work on this task gained me a lot of experience and allow me to re-assess why I failed my past attempts. I learnt how to facilitate the Distort/Skew/Perspective/Warp in transforming layers, with layer adjustments to blend online images into part of the scenery and multiple textures together. To enhance the quality of output, awareness to shadows and lighting sources should be considered, which can be achieved through various ways such as manipulating brushes and filters.

Besides from techniques, I realised I can actually produce a good perspective rendering without others' assistance, but I have to understand no matter how much time I spent on it, there will be a turning point where an awful base is now transformed into a completely differen scenery. I should force myself to produce more perspective rendering as it is an effective communication tool with clients. It is more effective than moodboard, since it is essentially a moodboard but applied onto the landscape, despite being a very time consuming type of graphics. One also have to sample materials really smartly to minimise additional time spent in photoshop.

Despite failing to fulfill the task assigned by one of the designers, I gained a lot of insight in using Sketchup as my primary 3D modelling tool. The furniture has a high complexity that Sketchup cannot handle, such as creating planes ('faces') on non-planar surface - surfaces that does not align to any X,Y or Z axis.

Therefore, one has to use another software such as Rhinoceros, or Revit to create the 3D modelling, which can be imported back into sketchup. As a further implication, I should look up tutorials on Revit to equip myself on advanced and complex 3D modelling, as well as BIM coordination.

25-29 SEP 2017 WEEK 04 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

02-06 OCT 2017 WEEK 05 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

EVALUATION/ FURTHER IMPLICATION

Due to the company structure, I was not supposed to work on this competition (but nobody knew until this week). I was asked to return to my design team next week since they will be under a heavier workload and requires more workforce from next week.

Schematic Diagram Despite being a design opportunity to showcase my creativity, I was too caught up to consider this was a timed and collaborative task. I got stubborn and gave myself too much pressure on what to achieve on the first try, as well as trying to minimise my assistance required from my design team colleagues. It eventually lead to huge disappointment. On the contrary, I successfully made satisfactory diagrams within an hour after letting go of my designer’s temper.

Since the competition is wrapping up, I was assigned to create schematic diagram to explain the concept of our building desgn in the central plaza of our proposal. Given some project references, I needed to produce simple diagrams that illustrate the key features of the building. I was so out of ideas, yet I did not ask for clarification from our team designers since it is an opportunity for me to showcase my creativity. The diagrams I produced after a day of thinking did not get approval from both the project manager and myself. However, after getting clarification from staffs, I managed to recreate better diagrams an hour before the end of the work day!

4. COMPLETION PHASE 30m

A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

Plans produced with the CAD base. Right vertical one is rendered in a realistic style, whereas the horizontal one is schematic.

Two sections produced, with CAD base on the right.

Project Reference on their Schematic Diagram. Left Project curated by BIG Architects, Right Project curated by Effekt from Denmark

(Left) Diagrams I produced for an entire day, before receiving clarification from staffs (Right) Diagrams I completed in an hour, after clarification.

DESIGN FEATURES DETAILS RENDER Another task I received throughout the week was produce graphics to explain the featured bridges on site, which reconnects the long lost ecological network between small mounts separated by highway developments. Plans of two different styles and two sections were requested for each bridge design, in which I had to start from converting a CAD base from engineers.

The plans requested were for emphasis: The first one is very schematic to emphaisze on the physical connections and how it brings the separated mount together, with a strategic planting layout; The second one emphasizes on the appearance and the layers of planting on the bridge, which shows the multiple habitat and natural elements offered to the local wildlife, and invite them to travel across the bridge instead of risking their lives to cross the highway. A longtidutal and a lateral section were produced to show the details of the bridge design.

The design of such eco-bridge was inspired by a South Korea Project - Yangjaegogae Eco-Bridge Design by KILD from Lithuania.

This made me think as a landscape architect, one should keep an open mind to ask for clarification, no matter how simple/stupid it seems. Although certain degree of independency is awarded, projects are always collaborative, not a single of individual in the team will know 100% what is happening of the entire project.

From this task, I felt I had an appropriate degree of independency, but I forgot to plan/distribute the time I should spend on different diagrams and a deadline of request for help. As a further implication, I realise how crucial keeping up with the landscape architecture trend is, since this provide a good database of reference of projects and graphic styles from international landscape architects, which is especially effective when one encounters an artist block.

On the other side, it also realise how important to establish a brand of my own through creating my own graphic style. A successful graphic style should be unforgettable and effective to communicative.

Bridge Plans Although the scope of work is repeated from the past few weeks, I enjoyed producing these rendering. I have noticed my working pace has increased due to repetitive practice of the same skillset, accomodated with a standardised material database, to keep the graphics coherent and minimise the time to look up samples online.

Although producing two style of the plan seems to be very strange, it is effective when one attempts to emphasize on various aspects of the design, and it can be easily achieved within the same photoshop document without spending much more time. I should do the equivalent for my future projects.

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06 OCT 2017 CASE STUDY

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YANGJAEGOGAE ECO BRIDGE DESIGN COMPETITION

FINDINGS

-ASSESSMENT AND - GRAPHIC PRESENTATION ANALYSIS - PLANTING PALETTE -ECOLOGICAL DESIGN - ELEVATED STRUCTURE

06 OCT 2017 CASE STUDY

YANGJAEGOGAE ECO BRIDGE DESIGN COMPETITION

FINDINGS

-ASSESSMENT AND - GRAPHIC PRESENTATION ANALYSIS - PLANTING PALETTE -ECOLOGICAL DESIGN - ELEVATED STRUCTURE

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06-08 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

ARCHIFEST 2017 - 1KM JALAN BESAR

FINDINGS -DETAIL DESIGN -PLACEMAKING

On my way to work, I saw a promotion sign next to our office, promoting an event called WOHA Being, as part ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS of two festivals - 1km Jalan Besar and Archifest. Out of curiosity, I asked my supervisor for a few hours off to attend the lecture, and discovered much more events that might potentially broaden my insights in the design, The lecture from woha architects demonstrated all design elements, from landscape design and detail elements like furnitures are equally important in creating a architecture, engineering and construction industry. sophisticated development. All design elements have to strike a coherent langauge, LECTURE SERIES: WOHA BEING BY WOHA ARCHITECTS which invites visitors to immerse into the landscape, as if entering a new world.

- WOHA Architects discussing their recently established furniture design brand WOHA Being This is particularly evident as i visited the furniture showcase curated by industry+.

- WOHA Architect is a leading architecture consultancy in the Asia-Pacific Region, Although i really loved each of the furniture pieces, the space was not properly arranged with award-winning projects such as Parkroyal on Pickering, Oasia Hotel, Admiralty and decorated to accentuate the special details of the furniture, causing less impact to Park in SIngapore, and Alila Villas Uluwatu in Bali, Indonesia. the visitors.

- They perceive furniture design as an artistic interpretation, it is a statement made by an artist; It should consist of the following elements: Thoughtful, delightful, Moreover, Biro, the shop has shown a great example of curating a space which presents elegant, simplicity and meaningful; It should be emerged from existing condition; bold identity. The entire shop is decorated in a blue tone, posing a strong contrast to and embodies local value the timber furnitures and echoes with the neutral colored gadgets being sold in the (Above) - They then presented their furniture works as examples, with furnitures from Alila Parkroyal shop. I was completely immersed into the atmosphere of the shop that I forgot I was in a VIllas Uluwatu and SkyVille @ Dawson. shopping mall. on Pickering

Pictures of the Lecture. (Right) Alila Villas Uluwatu (ArchDaily, 2017)

(Expedia. com.au, 2017) (Right) Oasia Hotel Downtown (Thelolly chase.com, 2017)

DESIGNERS VISIT: BIRO - THE MADE IN JAPAN FACTOR, RETURN OF THE JALAN BESAR GANGSTA KITTIES & UNEARTH ASIA I picked up a brochure for 1km: Jalan Besar, I went to visit the different local design shops/companies which has opened their studio to showcase their designs. Although most of them are not related to landscape architecture, I felt like I entered a different world when I visited the different design studios. This is the power of placemaking - it applies to all spatial designs and every single detail in a space matters. I visited three different open studios: Industry+, Biro, and Supermama x Somewhere Else. Despite owning a small space, I like the design of Biro the most, whereas the other studios places less emphasis in curating an attractive space to visit, and more commercialised.

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FINDINGS -WATER SENSITIVE - LANDSCAPE -PLACEMAKING URBAN DESIGN REMEDIATION -URBAN PLANNING -CULTURAL EXPLORATION -LANDSCAPE DESIGN LANDSCAPE EXHIBITON - ARCHITECTURE AND PHOTOGRAPHY OF THE PIONEER ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS Architecture and Photography of the Pioneer generation shows the social impact of urban GENERATION 06-08 OCT 2017

ARCHIFEST 2017 - NATIONAL DESIGN CENTRE AND SOAS

A compilation of photos taken in Singapore by the Pioneer generation, illustrating the changing landscape of Singapore, and the memories embodied in these architectural structures.

planning and architectural structures. It is very intriguing to witness how Singaporeans are associating their memories to architectural structures and their neighborhood, and the sense of community changing as the neighborhood changes under the pressure of commercial developments. I have gained a sense of responsibility that as a to-be-landscape architect, preserving local cultural values and spirit of a place is crucial to accentuate the identity of an area.

On the other hand, the project of Eden in Iraq is very insightful in documenting the impact of landscape architecture in remediating environmetnal issues caused by climate change and inappropriate urbanisation practices. It demonsrates to me the roles of different professions in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction industry in revitalising a landscape, as the This exhibtion compiles photos from pioneer generations, regardless of taken recently differnt roles are explained at the exhibitions. It has showcased the technologies that remediate or preserved from history, to discover the personal association and private encounters environmental issues through implementing appropriate construction technology. Although of the pioneer generation with SIngapore architecture. Contrast to what has been I am not of the final proposal at the end, the design proposal for this project is culturally and promoted in Singpaore tourism board, these photo uncovers the vernacular side of ecologically sensitive, which in general brings a lot of benefits to the landscape.

architecture, and how they changed the living pattern of residents in Singapore. I recall a photo taken by an elderly in his 60s, where a gigantic dragon shape playground was recorded. Although the structure no longer exists, it was a major recreational playground feature in SIngapore for all the teenagers and children at that time.

'Singapore is a city on an island. As population continues to grow, warm neighborhoods and view of infinite agricultural fields are now replaced by cold, gentrified shopping malls.' - Ng Gek Choo (74)

EXHIBITON - EDEN IN IRAQ 'Eden In Iraq is an interdisciplinary, environmental art and design exhibition tracing the evolution of the wastewater remediation project in the marshes of southern Iraq near the historic site of the Garden of Eden. We have used environmental art, design, and wastewater to create a restorative wastewater garden for cultural memory, education, and shared social space. Drawing on Islamic and Mesopotamian traditions originating in this historically and symbolically charged region, the Eden in Iraq Waste Water Garden is designed to be a syncretic container for ecological and cultural restoration.' - (Base, 2017) 2D graphics such as masterplan, sections, engineering drawings are displayed with the support of photo and video documentarys.

From this exhibtion, the history of Iraq and their relationship with water is resolved, with their unique local hisotry unveiled.

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06-08 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

ARCHIFEST 2017 - FIFTY YEARS OF SINGAPORE DESIGN

EXHIBITON - FIFTY YEARS OF SINGAPORE DESIGN Fifty Years of SIngapore Design is a permanent exhibtion that celebrates the jubilee year in 2015. It records the differenet design movement happened in Singapore. Scope of design works include digital media, fashion, product design, landscape architecture and many more. Focusing in the landscape architecture aspect of the exhibition, it recorded the iconic landscape designs in Singapore over the course of 50 years, providing a sufficient comparison of how much landscap architecture in Singapore have progressed since their independence.

This exhibition provides a very good reference point for touist on iconic architecture or landscape architecture projects worth to visit locally. The photos on the right to this text block are the projects I found most fascinating.

Although Esplanade Theatres on the Bay is already 15 years old, the architectural design of the concert hall is very futuristic and timelss that nobody would have guessed it is that old. Connected to the Downtown devleopments such as Marina Bay Sands, ArtScience Museum, Helix Bridge and other parts of the waterfront, they are a very solid circle of attractions, providing a variety of experience to visitors, and attract the visitors to explore the waterfront longer due to the strong connectivity across and along the waterfront.

On the other side, One-North is proposed business district located central to the west of Singapore might be worth to visit since I have never done a business district masterplan, and the project was very well known due to Zaha Hadid's proposal.

Overall, it seemed to me that SIngapore really emphasizes on localised and unique design and they are very willing to invest into creative outputs, hence all the famous buildings, and singature districts to visit for people from the AEC industry.

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FINDINGS -PLACEMAKING -LANDSCAPE HISTORY -SPATIAL PLANNING

-URBAN ARCHITECTURE - OTHER CASE STUDIES

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS This exhibition provides a strong contrast to the urban planning In Hong Kong. Under a similar pressure of urbanisation, the architecture and landscape planning projects in hong kong ever since the return of China.

These projects are culturally insensitive, monotonous and does not improve the local environment. In recent years, there has been a rising awareness to curate landscapes and structures that are more environmentally friendly, however it still occupies a very small portion of land in Hong Kong. This has been causing a deterioating social health status in the Hong Kong population, and lower livability in the city.

As a younger city of 60 years, Singapore's vision of 'Garden City' and 'City in a Garden' is much more avant-garde and sustainable. Despite only having less than 1000km2 of land, Singaporeans have more livable adn relaxing areas, and structures with smart green strategies which can be seen from the highlight projects from the 50 years of Singapore Design.

This comparison reminded me that urban planning plays a crucial role in creating a more competitive city through implementing timeless and sustainable design strategies, which beenfits both the economic of the city and pays tribute to local culture, environment and social patterns. I predict that in no time, Singapore will out compete Hong Kong in terms of livability, environmental quality and economic opportunity.

07 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

BISHAN-ANG MO KIO PARK

-water sensitive urban design -recreational landscape -local design guidelines

-landscape history -public realm - detail design

As an intern in Ramboll Studio Dreiseitl, I felt the need to know more about the company's design apporach, therefore I took a site visit to one of the most famous project in Singapore: Bishan Ang Mo Kio Park.

CLEANSING BIOTOPE • A natural filtering system through several layers of plantation with

LOCATION:BISHAN, SINGAPORE YEAR OF COMPLETION: 2012 PARK AREA: 62 HECTARES CLIENT: PUBLIC UTILITIES BOARD & NATIONAL PARKS BOARD LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE: RAMBOLL STUDIO DREISEITL PROJECT COST: 76 MILLION SGD

• Based on design principles of natural filtration principles in a wetland

(optional) UV light treatment to the water

with contemporary technologies to purify water on-site, including UV treatment after all the water has been filtered through the multiple layers of plant that targets different nutrients

OVERVIEW Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park is one of the largest urban park located in central Singapore. It is a expansion and revitalisation project from Bishan, as part of the flagship project for the launch of Active, Beautiful and Clean Water Programme.The scope of project consists of restoring a 2.7km concrete channel for stormwater drainage into a naturalised river cannel, consturcting an artificial floodplain in the park to control stormwater flow, and filter stormwater on-site. The naturalised river channel now spans 3.2 km across the park and provides water resources to other park facilities. The park attracts more than 3 million people to visit annually and has been awarded with multiple recognition, such as ASLA Professional Awards in 2016.

Near water planting along the river banks, taking up excess nutrients from the water.

RECYCLING HILL • A hill made of recycled concrete from excavating all the concrete from the traditional conveyance channel

• Provides a picturesque view towards the sculpture on the hill, from the main park.

NATURALISED RIVER river originates from the Kallang River and flows into Marina Reservoir • The of concrete channel before redevelopment: 2.7 km; Length of naturalised section of Kallang River: 3.2 km • Length a combination of plants, natural materials such as rocks, and civil engineering techniques were introduced to soften the edges of the waterway, • give it a natural appearance and prevent soil erosion

• Heavily vegetated along the banks and the slopes of the river, softening the water edge from the soil, and creates multiple habitats for different insect and mammal species.

• Designed in a floodplain condition, the river banks are carefully calculated to accommodate drainage from potential floods such as 1 in 10 years flood events at 30% of their capacity

features varies across seasons. At low water levels, part of the river can be crossed through a series of stepping stones.

• Accessible Heavily Bio—Engineered: 10 different types of bio-engineering techniques were tested for 11 months before installation First in Singapore, • possibly the first few in the tropics to use soil bioengineering to stabilize river banks.

• A test reach was built and minotored for 6 months before construction in 2009 to experiment the selection of appropriate techniques and plants, and to assess the most efficient and effective construction methods.

• The new river bank provided residents a new recreational experience, the river can help to slow the flow of rainwater so that downstream •

waterways have more time to drain, which helps to prevent them from overflowing in times of heavy rain, through the meandering structure which imitates a natural catchment.

Heavy vegetation and bio-engineered soil also captures and absorbs and release water in a slower rate.

Naturalised Floodplain/ River: Near water planting along the river banks, taking up excess nutrients from the water.

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07 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

BISHAN-ANG MO KIO PARK

LANDSCAPE POND

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-water sensitive urban design -recreational landscape -local design guidelines

THEMED PLAYGROUNDS

-landscape history -public realm - detail design

LOTUS GARDEN

Picturesque view from the landscape pond

Bubble playground - I don't like this playground personally because it is very out of character from the park with a very bold outline.

Picturesque view from the landscape pond towards the cleansing biotope

Swing for wheelchair users in the bubble playground - It looks like a prison but it is providing an universal design for disabled children.

A performance platform on top of the landscape pond, forming a naturalistic backdrop.

Adventurous playground - Wood beams forming a structure for children to climb around.

A habitat for dragonflies and small insects

Landscape pond provide a new habitat for animals to rest and reside here.

Water-themed playground which opens limited time during the day.

Equippments are designed to let children experiment with the behavior of water, providing informal learning.

Blooming lotus in lotus garden

Lotus Garden - a pond with dense lotus plantation, providing a vibrant floral showcase to the public.

MAINTENANCE TRAINING POWERPOINT

09-13 OCT 2017 WEEK 06 WORK LOG

FINDINGS

MOODBOARD The design team was struggling to refine the design along the main corridors of the district, therefore the project manager decided to host a design meeting within the team and evaluate a series of case studies which can inform and serve as a moodboard to inspire improvement on the current proposal. They found all the case studies I suggested are very useful as an input for the project. This meeting shows the importance of a professional's exposure towards international case studies, it can serve as little as a moodboard reference, or a major reference to technical details and inspirations for a part of the landcape proposal.

1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION

While I was standing by for the PDD project, another project manager of our design team asked for assistance in updating maintenance instructions for a completed project where the DEFECT LIABILITY PERIOD is going to over soon, and ready to be handed over to the local council for maintenance. The powerpoint is very insightful since it demonstrates how to communicate maintenance and technical details to non-landscape architects, and informed me on some typical design details of water sensitive urban design features, and general maintenance instruction on these features. I enjoyed this task so much since I learnt so much from the powerpoint, as well as the project flow after completion of construction

DESIGN STUDY - ISOMETRIC Another design problem was raised due to the design changes made by the architects, which leads to a direct impact towards the landscape design in main access corridor. As a result, a study on slope, anf underground access was brainstormed to investigate the most suitable surface treatment to each of the design solutions. Although the designs were not adapted, the study provided me a practice to render 3d perspectives and reflect on how I lack the visual awareness to layer trees of different types and heights properly, as well as the knowledge to place trees strategically and sensibly.

B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

OTHER GRAPHIC DESIGN SUPPORT Assisting on updating designs from architect's drawings and fitting in the new base into our landscape design proposal; as well as updating schematic diagrams for spatial analyses of our design proposal.

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TREE TRANSPLANTATION

AIR SPADE EXCAVATION

Transplanting is the term used to describe the digging and replanting of trees from one location to a new location. Due to the wide extent and morphology of tree root system, transplanting of trees usually involves substantial removal of roots.

The whole transplanting process in particular for large trees is an engineering feat and requires substantial involvement of resources and time.

Priority should be given to transplant the affected trees to other permanent locations within the project site.

International practices generally recommend a range of 8:1 to 10:1 for root ball diameter:trunk diameter.

Air Spade is a tool that uses compressed air to excavate around Root Systems without causing damage to roots or underground Utilities.

It can be used for Soil Aeration, root damage investigation, Vertical Mulching, soil compaction reduction due to construction damage and pruning Girdling Roots.

Clay may be causing problems.

COMPLEXITY high

COMPLEXITY average

COST ab

COST ab

COUNTRIES Germany, USA, UK, China

COUNTRIES USA, UK

SOURCE https://www.greening.gov.hk/filemanager/content/ pdf/tree_care/Guidelines_on_Tree_Transplanting_e. pdf

SOURCE http://www.wftree.com/services

ROOT CUTTING

GRADE CHANGE

If it becomes necessary to precut or prune roots outside the PRZ during construction, require clean cuts perpendicular to the natural growth direction.

Digging and root pruning tools shall be sharp and clean in order to cut without breaking, crushing or tearing roots. Mechanical digging and root pruning equipment shall be operated according to manufacturers’ recommendations to minimise root damage.

Also, backfill within an hour of cutting roots and water the tree within 24 hours.

Cover the exposed roots with a wooden construction, so they won´t get exposed to light or air.

Moving large amounts of soil within the PRZ usually kills a tree.

You may be able to protect compaction-tolerant trees from additions of six inches or less of soil by using a porous fill within the PRZ. Porous fill can be made by mixing one part loam, one part coarse sand, and one part shredded bark.

Deeper fills require more expensive measures. A retaining wall beyond the PRZ may protect some trees. These walls preserve much of the original root system and redirect excess water away from sensitive plants.

Maximum of fill around the base: 24 inches.

COMPLEXITY low COST ------------

COMPLEXITY low

COUNTRIES Germany, USA, UK, China SOURCE http://forstbetrieb-kahmann.de/fbk/wurzelvorhang/ index.php

WEEK 06 WORK LOG (2)

FINDINGS

COST ------------COUNTRIES USA SOURCE https://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/yard-garden/trees-shrubs/protecting-trees-from-constructiondamage/

TREE TRANSPLANTATION STRATEGIES For PDD project, another intern was researching about tree transplantation strategies so that we can preserve some of the heritage tree whilst retaining the architect's proposal. This was a very informative research from her and I have learnt more about ways of transplanting trees on the occasions that a tree has to be preserved while there are conflicts to landscape design.

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09-13 OCT 2017

1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

09-13 OCT 2017

OTHER GRAPHIC DESIGN SUPPORT

WEEK 06 WORK LOG (3)

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

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14 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

URA GALLERY; GABO; MEDIA AND ARCHITECTURE

FINDINGS - URBAN PLANNING - MULTIMEDIA -ARCHITECTURE

-LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE - SOFTWARE AND TECHNOLOGY

GREAT ARCHITECTURAL BAKE OFF SINGAPORE (GABO) An imitation of Great British Bake Off, GABO invites Singapore-based architects to recreate iconic local architecture projects using edible ingredients and present it as a dessert dish. It seemed to me an intriguing and fun idea for design industries to experiement with different materials and present creatively. (Who says edible ingredients are not appropriate?)

2011 Singapore Land Use Masterplan (Urban Redevelopment Authority, 2018)

Gardens by the Bay Fruit Mousse

Theatres by the Bay Milo and Durian Cake

URA GALLERY - PATTERNED AIRFLOW As part of Architecture Festival in SIngapore, an installation is placed in the URA gallery called patterned airflow.

It is an experiement in the change of airflow in different urban forms, and the impact it brings to the thermal and wind variability to a space. This is very inspiring for both architects and landscape architects since this provides a reference point to how urban form similar to these model changes a space's airflow, as well as enourage professionals to experiemnt with airflow to ensure a design proposal provides a pleasant microclimate.

URA GALLERY - PERMANENT EXIHBITION Permanent exhibtion provides the latest insight to Singapore's urban and natural planning strategies, some of these information can be found online. The exihbition provided a great reference to urban development trends in a finite land area. Besides reclamation on the sea, underrgound constructions are encouraged with multiple benefits: To provide more effeicient transit, safer traffic, and multiple level usage. The exhibition also provided new meausre to increase nature connectivity in SIngapore, which is a crucial element as a biophilic city. I was inspired that landscape architects should also pursue ways to incorporate landscaping elements udnergroud, and innovate in technologies that allow undergroudn plantings.

'The Land Use Plan is a conceptual plan that outlines the strategies to provide the physical capacity to sustain a high quality living environment for a possible population range of 6.5 to 6.9 million by 2030. The Land Use Plan also sets aside land to meet national needs beyond 2030, so that future generations have options and room for future growth.

Results of the experiement and showcase of 3d maquettes used in experimentation.

• The strategies to sustain a high-quality living environment include: • Providing good affordable homes with a full range of amenities • Integrating greenery into the living environment • Providing greater mobility with enhanced transport connectivity • Sustaining a vibrant economy with good jobs • Ensuring room for growth and a good living environment in future' (Urban Redevelopment Authority, 2018)

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14 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

URA GALLERY; GABO; MEDIA AND ARCHITECTURE (2)

FINDINGS - URBAN PLANNING - MULTIMEDIA -ARCHITECTURE

FARRELLS ARCHITECTS - TEMPORARY EXHIBITION

-LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE - SOFTWARE AND TECHNOLOGY

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS

Less related to landscape architecture, the exhibtion presented by Farrells Architect provide a fresh insight to the development process of their architectural proposals. I really admired their quirky graphic style during design development, compared to their final proposal panels. Some of the sketches displayed for projects poses a very different approach to the final pieces, meaning the design process is not alway that smooth. This inspired me that as a professional (to be) landscape architect, one should always accept disapproval from clients, it does not mean the design is not sophisticated, it just does not fit the client's expectation. Moreover, I am motivated to learn more about hand sektching since it increases my working efficiency that if my hand drawings are precise and clear enough, I would be able to incoporate it as part of presentation panels (especially in academic work and client meetings), and not needing to redraw it electronically.

Exhibition in Nutshell - A combination of design development through hand sketches, which is then translated into accurate renderings and constructed in reality.

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14 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

URA GALLERY; GABO; MEDIA AND ARCHITECTURE (3)

MEDIA AND ARCHITECTURE

FINDINGS - URBAN PLANNING - MULTIMEDIA -ARCHITECTURE

-LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE - SOFTWARE AND TECHNOLOGY

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS

This seminar examines the Strength, Weakness, Threats and Opportunities offered between the interaction of although the discussion did not relate to landscape architecture that much, the media and architecture. Panelists from multiple backgrounds are invited to share their opinion on the relationship discussion shows the impact of media bring to the trend of architectural design and ways architecture are presented. Under the technology advancement, Augemented between media and architecture, and open a discussion with the audience, and virtual reality technology shall be one of the vernacular applications to present architectural materials in the near future.

With a huge interest in application of new tenchnologies to present landscape materials, I found the demonstration from Vouse - a 3d modelling specialising company the most interesting, since it practically built an example in ways to archive and present architectural materials in Augmented reality, which is something I would love to experiement in the landscape architecture field. The other one I found most interesting was the representative from DP architects. He explained the concept between the different media used in curating the '50 years of DP architects' exhibition, which incorporates interactive media, and traditional media to create an engaging environment for people to know about their work. This is particularly useful as a reference for our presentations in academic work.

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FINDINGS

15 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

PLANTING, BUILDING AND CITY

-LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE -ARCHITECTURE

This seminar examines the Strength, Weakness, Threats and Opportunities offered between the interaction of planting and architecture. Panelists from multiple backgrounds are invited to share their opinion on the relationship between landscape and architecture, with a Q&A session after an introduciory presentation from each of the panelist.

-GREENING -BIOPHILIC DESIGN

PUBLIC DISCUSSION (CONT'D) • Key Points: • The addition of greenspaces and plants in cityscapes changes the brhaviour pattern of how human moves and inhabit in a space A brief mention towards bio-mimicry/ bio-morphism design Tree replacement ratio in SIngapore: Every trree removed in a landscape development, three new trees have to be planted, therefore transplantation of trees are highly recommended in landscape proposals

A panelist who is an architect suggested that vegetation does not provide a strong identity to a place compared to architectural structure. She questioned if anybody have actually been able to associate a place with the local vegetation.

SINGAPORE BOTANIC GARDEN BUKIT TIMAH ENTRANCE - VENUE BACKGROUND • • The pergola/ open house the event is hosted is situated at the youngest part of the Botanic Garden, where it was planted full of economy crops such as nutmeg, rubber, coffee and more. The new structure implemented at the Bukit TImah gate visitor centre takes the shape of a hut with white strcutural beams, and branch-shaped beams located at two sides of the hut, where climbers are planted. In a few year, the climbers shall seep into the building and form a lush screening, hiding the architectural beams and creating a shady hut hiding in lush greeneries. Planting can serve a role in creating shading for an exposed structure, while a structure can provide support for climbing plants to thrive in a exposed setting. The relationship between the planting and structure forms a positive feedback on each other.

FROM AN ARTIST'S POINT OF VIEW - TOPIARY PLANTING ON STRUCTURES The artist viewed the relationship between planting and architecture as a piece of topiary - where architectural structures forms a frame, where plants can thrive and grow into. WIth his current poejct displayed in the Botanic garden, it consist of a topiary composed of a metal mesh modelled in the shape of Singapore iconic buildings, with a shrub growing into its form.

Although it is not entirely landscape-related point of view, it is intriguing to see how public perceive the relationship between structures and planting. His view is very well justified and reminded me of the Oasia Hotel Downtown, which uses climbers to form a green canopy on a red metal mesh.

• •

This event raised a lot inspiring point on exploring the relationship between plantation and architecture, which coincidentally also echoes to the discussion of relationship between human and nature. The artist's point of view sums up the ideal scenario of how with appropriate control and training to natural elements, a beautiful art piece such as a biophilic city can be curated.

On the other side, I disagree to the architect's point where nobody recognizes a place because of its vegetation. Natural elements in Urban environment forms ideneity for a place, especially heritage trees that has served different generations over the course of almost a century; Personally, I associate Scotland as a pine intensive woody area, paired with boring neutral colors. On the other side, SIngapore is the floral tropical showcase, with vibrant colors.

PUBLIC DISCUSSION • Q; How much greening is too much in city?

• A; All planting in urban areas must be purpose-driven. Greening imposed onto architectrual structures must

• •

be intended to achieve a certain effect such as to reduce prevailing wind, to provide refuge from urban environments and more. The planting scheme must be justified or else it would only be an eyesore visually and a burden to maintain Q; By altering the behavior of plants, aren't human are gaining too much control over nature? Isn't this an unhealthy mindset as human cannot actually control nature?

A: It is actually the contrary that humans are doing; Humans are 'training' and maintaining plants in a manner to allow them to thrive in urban environments, while the plants still have rooms to adjust their behavior.

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15 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

ARCHITECTURE IN PRINT AND CITY

FINDINGS

-PUBLICATIONS

- MULTIMEDIA -ARCHITECTURE -DESIGN

ARCHITECTURE IN PRINT

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS

This seminar examines the form of archietcture in print and its relation to architecture as a profession.

Architects on the panel suggest writing is painful thing to do, but it articulates and reinforms his work correspondongly. It is a powerful tools to clarify and communicate messages across, and to support graphics produce, as well as achieving marketing demands.

Although the discussion was less related to landscape architecture, I now understand the reason why producing publications alongside with visual presentation materials is important - as it is a process of encouraging one to think critically about one's work, to reject and filter unneeded and emphasizes the important elements.

Architecture in print can be interpreted as part of traditional media, where case sudies are discussed in magazines and other broadcasting agencies. Media is shaping new architects and poses a huge impact to design trends.

Writing in esepcially important in media because visual graphics like drwaings and photographs are generally open to interpreatation, which can be easily distorted. As digital media are slowly replacing traditional print medias, the experience brought from flipping a book, smelling the freshly printed papers are disappearing.One audience suggested that Architectural magazines are now targetting a very niche market due to the professional terminology used in these magazines,

I felt that in landscape architecture, archival is especially important. Despite landscapes are long-lived, it is also very dynamic that it changes over time. Archiving and recording through print and writing can provide an useful insight to the dynamic process of a landscape, on top of recoding design developments and technical details to a project.

Architet in print also means an archival process of architecture that is long gone, there are vast gaps in the architetural history of Singapore and buildings in Singapore are very short-lived, therefore archival process really serve as a remembrane to these remarkable structure that have served us. The archival process embraces the 'rejected' and 'accepted' - which provides a resourceful database to innovate, as these rejected designs can serve as an important inspiration to innovating architectural designs. it is also a process of filtering and digesting the historical record.

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Books displayed at the exhibition - all books related to architecture for diffrfernt research fields such as social architecture, biophilia and historical researches.

16 - 20 OCT 2017

ABC Waters Certification Criteria (updated on 1 Aug 2017) Active Category

WEEK 07

This section aims to encourage vibrancy and activity in each site. By providing new community spaces for people to enjoy recreational activities, we hope to bring people closer to water.

ACTIVE CRITERIA 1) Provision of facilities for new community spaces & public enjoyment, with possible educational values a) Provision of facilities that bring people closer to water and promote waterside or fringe activities in the development (e.g. Viewing decks / look out decks / Boardwalks / Seating spaces by the waterway or ABC Waters design features - excluding swimming pools / fountains) b) Accessibility and safety consideration for the facilities provided c) Maintainability of the ABC Waters design features (e.g. design features which involve minimal maintenance) d) Scope for public education (e.g. Signage to explain about facts about water / nature / ABC Waters design features) 2) Usage by stakeholders & community engagement a) Proposal for formation of interest groups or for organising activities (with plans to ensure sustainability of activities) at project site b) Convenience of usage by members of the public

WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES

Instructions and design bases provided by my supervisor.

Points 20 5

5 5 5 10 5 5

Beautiful Category This section focuses on integrating water and greenery to achieve scenic waterscapes.

2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

BEAUTIFUL CRITERIA 1) Integration of water features within site architecture

POINTS 20

a) Aesthetic improvements of surface water drainage (e.g. use of vegetated swales / bioretention swales instead of concrete drains, use of retention ponds, wetland plantings etc.)

10

b) Aesthetic improvements to the sky terrace / roofs (e.g. usage of intensive or extensive green roofs to slow down runoff)

5

c) Aesthetic improvements to the façade (e.g. through use of vertical greenery, planter boxes for treatment of rainwater) 2) Integration with greenery Planting scheme with a variety of plants (preferably native plants) that encourage habitat creation (e.g. for butterflies / dragonflies and birds) and enhance biodiversity

10

5

10

1

4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

IT E R ATIVE DE S IGN - RAIN GARDEN As my supervisor was away for a water engineering course, I spent most of the time brainstorming design for the rain garden he asked for last week. I did a aseries of iterative design and chose a few to develop, which actually did not really fit what my supervisor's expectation.

ABC WATER CERTIFICATION PROGRAM

I should have checked some reference projects My team supervisor returned from the water engineering online before proceeeding to produce more training course and shared the detail he has learnt about the Active Beautiful Clean Water Certification relevant designs for the rain garden.

Scheme for landscape development.

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17 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

PARKROYAL ON PICKERING, CHINATOWN

FINDINGS - VERTICAL GREENING - LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

As this project collaborates with WOHA architects, my supervisor recommended the team to visit two of their most iconic architectural piece in SIngapore to understand their design principles and predict the design they are going to be making. Therefore, we visited Parkroyal on Pickering and Oasia Hotel Downtown in Tanjong Pagar, Central Singapore.

Parkroyal on Pickering is a hotel located next to Chinatown in Singapore. The architectural design incorporates dense natural greenery in an innovative way, that forms an illusion as if a vertical forest is growing in the heart of the city.

-URBAN ENVIRONMENTS -SKYRISE GREENERY

DETAIL DESIGN The detail design at both the interior and exterior are very cohenrent, with a well thought color palette on vertical structures and walls. However, due to the weathering caused by exposure to the weather outdoors, the color of the pavings and outdoor structures have faded, which does not match the intended color palette anymore.

Also my supervisor suggested that the edge treatment on planting blocks are not as refined, which the craftmanship quality can be improved.

STRUCTURAL DESIGN Contrasting to the conventional geometries of a skyrise, the outline of the building takes the form of natural contours and meanders across. The PUBLIC ACCESS DESIGN proportion of the building is strictly divided in multiples of 3, referencing the golden ratio that theoretically Despite the requirement of providing public creates the most aesthetically pleasing features in access, the path is well thought through to isolate one's mind from the urban pace, and nature. provide a pleasant walkway through multisensory Plants and naturalistic 'cages'/'pergolas are installed experience. A water feature is stalled on one side on the edge of the building, providing a green of the access with screening on the other side. screen in front of the geometric modular hotel The sound of the water isolate urban sounds, rooms. Although the plantings are not accessible forming a pleasant hourney across. to the public, the planting curates a hideaway in the building, tricking residents as if they are isolated from the urban city.

This visit is very insightful since it is the first time that I realise how important it is to familiarise design style of other consultants in a project, so that consultants can blend their fesign style upon the design proposal to provide better blending and quicker design development. WOHA architect's architecture are very imporessive and timeless, with innovative solutions and utilising plants as a tool to enhance their arhitectural design.

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FINDINGS

17 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

OASIA HOTEL DOWNTOWN

-SKYRISE GREENERY - VERTICAL GREENING - LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE -URBAN ENVIRONMENTS

Oasia Hotel Downtown is a singular skyrise composed of a cylinderical interior with a red metal mesh on the outside as a facade. Climbers are plated on multiple floors to encourage growth onto the red mesh, forming a green facade as time goes by. Completed around 5 years ago, it is an award-winning project that experiements with green canopy in reality, with very innovative ways of using plants in creating relaxing encounters in an urban setting/

Similar to Parkroyal, the edge of the building are planted with lush greeneries. Edge treatment between the planting block and the hardscapes are treated better than Parkroyal as there is a level difference between the soil surface and the hardscape level. One thing I found dangerous was the lighting design. There was shallow pool on one edge of the building, where I almost accidentally fell into becuase the lighting did not clearly indicate the pool was a water feature. Apparently another intern in the design team also almost fell into it, so a safety concern was posed.

One highlight of their planting method was to transplant palm trees on higher levels, where holes on the ceiling are designed to acomodate the palm's growth, breaking into the level above. This has to be carefully engineered that the tree doesn't fail and it has to be transported all the way up through either a helicopter or heavy machinery. The material palette of the building blends really well with the red facade, through using bricks and wood as dominant materlais.

I especially like how they used planting and lighting to project a blurry shadow of plants onto the ceiling of the building. Besides providing minimal but sufficient lighting to the level, this creates a peaceful, zen atmosphere to the hotel, slowing down people to appreciate the deisgn.

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21 OCTOBER 2017 EXPLORATION

MALAY HERITAGE CENTRE & KALLANG STADIUM

FINDINGS - URBAN ENVIRONMENTS - LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

KALLANG STADIUM AND WATERFRONT

Kallang Stadium is the busiest stadium in Singapore, with two shopping malls nearby. It is a performance, sport matches venue with recreational faciliteis such as basketball court, waterfront promenade and beach volleyball court.

In terms of accessibility, the site is not very pedestrian friendly if one is arriving from Kallang River, since a lot of the roads are located next to a freeway which cars travelling in high speed are driving through.

There are not enough crossing facilities and currently has no scenery due to construction in progress. However, the waterfront promenade is very pleasant with water filtering plants and open spaces, providing a picturesque scenery with central Singapore as the backdrop when the sun sets. WIth proper lighting and water features installed, the landscape invites visitors to use the outdoor spaces at all times of the day.

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- WATERFRONT DESIGN - WATER FEATURES

-CULTURAL LANDSCAPE

MALAY HERITAGE CENTRE Malay Heritage Centre is an exhibition centre that displays about malay cultural and their diaspora in Singapore. As both countries share a similar if not identical history, the centre displays a very similar design pattern and material palette as the perankenan design (SIngapore local design). It is a realistic portray to the traditional SingaporeMalay architecture from the colonial period with a blend of local patterns such as the water feature in the middle of a star shaped labyrinth. Pergolas and open lawns are open for public to use, occasionally with performances.

FINDINGS

22 OCTOBER 2017 EXPLORATION

SINGAPORE BOTANIC GARDEN

-RECREATIONAL GARDENS - WATER FEATURES - PLANTING PALETTE

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS

Singapore Botanic Garden is a 156-hectare public park that is recognised as a unesco heritage site. It is a tropical garden composed of a number of themed gardens with research facilities to sustainable technology and planting innovations. This is already the 2nd/3rd time I have visited the park and I really hope I can finish visiting all parts of of the park. The three pictures above are from Evolution garden, which illustrates the Earth's history through simulating how it looked like at different historical periods. With a similar planting palette, I found this garden was very well designed to curate different atmosphere through using different cultivars of the same species. It creates different variations of sun exposure, micro-climate and different encounters with the assitance of hardscape elements. I would love to learn how they designed their hardscape layout, to create a naturalistic landscape.

Pond in Ginger garden

Forest walkway

Open theatre at a pond

Frangipani garden (Not in season)

Preseved pergola from the original garden structures.

National Orchid Garden, orchid version of disneyland. The garden is very vibrant in colors with dramatic designs at different corners of the park. It has a very active rhythm and eye-capturing flower arrangements as point of interest for phototaking. I would like to learn about the technical details into the different point of interest since it is very successful to emphsize the versability and vibrant colors of Orchids.

Tanglin gate, the oldest part of the Botanic garden with amazing planting scheme dated back when this was opened. It embodies a good balance between naturalistic and architectural layout through choosing specimen trees that are tidy and geometric. This is a good reference to create tidy layout in urban environments.

Lizard seen lingering in the park.

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AGS/15/2957/A1-05

Project Manager on SIT project briefing us on the project timeline and submission deadlines. This is particularly important to keep all team members up to date of what is happening, and to plan ahead to finish submissions.

Transparent information sharing maximises communication efficiency, prioritising tasks and human resources management.

23 - 27 OCT 2017 WEEK 08 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES

SIT is separated into multiple plots, 03 02 this is a design brainstorm to a 05 on a04corner water sensitive feature of the site, where there is a 10+m 06 height difference between site boundary and neighbor site.

AGS/15/2957/A1-05

2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

PDD PROJECT AUTOCAD PRELIMINARY SKETCH OF DESIGN ON MAIN CORRIDOR

4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS

CONTRACT TYPES IN SINGAPORE FOR ARCHITECTURE, ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

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C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

23 - 27 OCT 2017 WEEK 08 WORK LOG (2)

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

I was very lucky to be able to represent the company with my supervisor to attend a design meeting hosted by WOHA architects. The meeting covered several major design problems mentioned by client and their adjustment to the design proposal. One of the problem highlighted was the interaction between landscaping and structure due to drainage, since a swale is built perpendicular to a structure, where underground drainage is required to divert the water into a public sump. We raised several solutions to resolve this issue and presented to the architects, so they can get back to us. On the other hand, they also mentioned they need some advice to tree species and preliminary planting specification to vertical greening in a multiple levelled library, where trees are proposed to be planted above ground in planting blocks. Personally I find this meeting a bit meaningless because throughout the 2 hours of meeting, we are only engaged into discussion for 1 hour, which resolves our issues and questions from our side are also reported to the architects, which is also the project manager of this development. The other hour was just design discussion within the architect's team which we are not needed. I learnt that to maxmise working efficiency of different organizations, meetings should be held with a purpose and timed, so that more time can be spent on practical work. After the meeting, I volunteered to prepare materials for my project manager to follow up from the meeting, which became an useful starting point for him to repond to the architects promptly. (Seen below)

Gabion Wall Cost Estimate

Cratoxylum cochinchinense

Item

Unit

Price

Gabion Wall (as of 2009)

m3

332.4

Gabion Wall ( as of 2017, 3% inflation rate each year)

m3

421.07

Gabion Wall (as of 2009)

m3

276

•

Gabion Wall ( as of 2017, 3% inflation rate each year)

m3

349.6285

• •

Gabion Wall ( as of 2017, 5% inflation rate each year)

m3

407.7777

• • •

Round up to $500 /m3

Common Name: Tree-Avens Ultimate Height: 10m, Moderately fast growing Soil Requirements: At least 1.5m deep, 18-20 cubic metre per tree; free-draining, quality soil mix Roots: Wide rooting area required for stability Maintenance: / Peeling tree

(Above) Estimate cost of gabion wall structure for reference to a new building.

(Right) A series of tree suitable for confined soil volume above ground.

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FINDINGS

28 - 29 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

SINGAPORE BOTANIC GARDEN

-RECREATIONAL GARDENS - WATER FEATURES - PLANTING PALETTE

Continuing to explore the singapore botanic garden, I visited another few small themed gardens which showcases specific types of plants: Formal garden, with tidy hedges and shrubs accompnied with sculptural elements to form a open and symmetrical garden with English references.

Cactus garden Succulents and cactus, and drought tolerant plants.

They are thriving here since they receive much more moisture than they need.

Heliconia Walk - A walking path with different species of Heliconia displayed along. They are very exotic looking which is generally unsuitable for urban planting palettes.

Garden with a lot of accent and architectural planting, this is my favourite garden of all the themed gardens in the park, for the versatile planting choices and the tidy appearances.

THE LEARNING FOREST The learning forest is the latest addition to the Botanic garden, the original plantations are preserved to educate visitors about propoerties of a mature forest, accompanied by a elevated walkway around 5 metres above the ground level. It minimises the environmental impact to the mature plantations while providing access and handson experience to the visitors to explore the forest.

Multiple paths are provided for exploring different themed showcase, offering a wide range of experiences.

Multi-level walkways and paths are provided for public to explore the forest at their own pace.

Overheads structure leading to elevated walkway above the preserved mature forest.

Picturesque scenery offered in the park near waterbodies.

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Cyrtostachys renda - an iconic and recurring palm seen around Singapore. Elevated walkway leading towards a high part of the Educational panels hung along the forest, crossing through wetlands at bird's eye view. walkways about nature.

FINDINGS

28- 29 OCT 2017 EXPLORATION

SINGAPORE BOTANIC GARDEN

-RECREATIONAL GARDENS - WATER FEATURES - PLANTING PALETTE

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS This part of the botanic garden differs from the main garden, since it ensourages more informal learning and exploration. It embodies the cultural and ecological history of the site of Botanic Garden, while providing a near-nature experience without compromising mature plantations, which is a hidden treasure in an urban environment.

The learning forest is a very successful landscape intervention in balancing recreational value of the landscape and the ecological sensitivity in the mature plantation, through using elevated walkways and raised platforms that minimises the impact to soil and existing plantations. It curates an exicitng experience of exploring in a dense forest, escaping from the surrounding skyrises.

Picturesque views across the learning forest drop off Bamboo garden - showcases the different use of point, taken from the elevated bridge across the wetland. bamboo family as a shrub, ground cover in a single garden of multiple levels.

RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTRE ENTRANCE Exhibtion space is a carbon neutral structure, where all power are harvested through renewable resources, with vertical greening on facade..

Research centre is restricted from public access.

In conducts researches on plants and sustainable agriculture.

NEXT TO BOTANIC GARDEN ENTRANCE

Temporal vertical green wall planted on the side of a construction site. It is a very effective greening measure as it can be done anywhere, but it took up too much pedestrian space, posing safety risk for pedestrian to walk along a busy traffic.

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30 OCT - 03 NOV WEEK 09 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES

SCHEMATIC IRRIGATION DIAGRAM

2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT

As one of the design submission deadline to the client is near, schmatic diagrams are to be drawn to illustrate preliminary design in different facilities. I was asked to create a series of diagram, explaining the irrigation system across the landscape and inside architectural structures, and its relation to the rainwater harvesting systems, and other water sensitive urban design devices on site. I had to clarify this with a water engineer, which provides me a very fresh insight to how irrigation system are built and circulated in a landscape and architectural structures.

This task also informed me how a water sensitive urban design system works in reality, filtering stormwater and eventually detained in storage systems.

3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE

SCHEMATIC SKETCHES

PLANTING PALETTE IN ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE Besides irrigation systems, a preliminary planting palette is also required to provide initial insight to how the architectural structure will look like upon completion. While brainstorming the planting palette for the structure, I have learnt that for plantings located under a canopy, they still have a potential to survive through absorbing sunlight entering at an angle, which has to be determined through sketching (diagram on the left). All planting proposed interior has to be shade tolerant to some extent and accepts shallow soil content, which is espcially important for trees like palms and other broadleaved trees.

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To prepare for the next design meeting, my supervisor have sketched up some schematic sketches to visualise how the design is going to look like. I am supremely impressed by the effect that a 5 minute sketch can bring and display. I would like to practice a bit more on hand sketching skills. The sketches are then roughly colored on photoshop to show depth and appearance of the landscape.

A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

30 OCT - 03 NOV WEEK 09 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE

Base from Sketchup

Sketchup Base after rendering.

PERSPECTIVE RENDERING For another plot of the same project, several perspective rendering were required to fully illustrate the intended use and layout of the space. I was responsible to do two of them where another intern was responsible to render another two. I was very uncomfortable with the task since perspective rendering is my least confident skills out of all graphic manipulation skills. It took me at least an hour to mentally prepare myself on how I am going to do the perspective rendering. Despite completing the rendering with my colleague's approval, I felt I could have done better, including on adding shadows for different items on the image. After completing the renderings, I realise I have a very weak ability to visualise perspective axis. I should practice it more on my private time, and it is not scary!

Another incident risen from this was communication issue. After completing this task, both me and the other intern expected our perspective rendering to be included into the design submission package. However, it turns out the colleague asked the other intern to redo one of my renderings behind my back. As a professional or to-be-landscape architect, I accept the rejection of using my graphic as this is very typical in publishing design reports and publications, however I feel betrayed and curious of the reason behind this arrangement. I also personally think this is an unprofessional action, which I would avoid to do so when I start working as a formal staff.

A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

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04 NOVEMBER 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

MOUNT FABER PARK

- LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE - LOOKOUT POINT

-ECOLOGICAL NETWORK

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS MOUNT FABER PARK

Lookout point of Mount Faber Point - Tidy and The lookout point are planted with lush well maintained courtyard space with open plantations, screening the dominant white views towards Sentosa and SIngapore. architectural structure and blending it into a softer backdrop.

The view from lookout point of Mount Faber Park

Merlion statue on the lookout point, with a maintained garden as a backdrop.

Developed back in colonial period, Mount Faber Park provides a Calton hill equivalent point of interest to toursits and SIngaporeans. It provides a unique historical showcase with open lookout points, providing almost 360 degrees panorama views of SIngapore.

WIth easy access through cable cars, private and public transport, it is a 'hideaway' that everybody is capable to visit. However, I think the surrounding facilities of the park is far too developed, stripping away the sense being an actual hideaway. If I can adjust the design of Mount Faber Park, I would add pathways that allow people who would like to get closer to nature and still be able to reach the lookout point without having to walk through the well paved areas.

Very accessible through a 5 minute walk frim Harvbourfront station (Above) The beginning of the path is not as developed, like a hiking trail (Right)

The whole hike up to the lookout point are very well paved with asphalt roads acomodating coaches, since the cable car station is a tourist hotspot. (Above)

(Left) Cable car station on top of Mount Faber Park, before reaching lookout point.

(Right) Lookout towards Sentosa and other 'outlying island'

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04 NOVEMBER 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

THE SOUTHERN RIDGES

- LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE - PARK CONNECTORS - DETAIL DESIGN

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS HENDERSON WAVE

The Southern Ridges poses an excellent examples in promoting a biophilic lifestyle, where public can access more than 3 parks by crossing multiple iconic bridges that provides different experiences. I especially like Henderson wave since it is more dynamic in design, uses naturalistic materials to blend with the surroundings, as well as incorporating outdoor furnitures such as seatings into a single bridge structure. The construction technique shown in this bridge is superb, and attractive. To futher enhance the deisgn, I would add planting strips along the peripherals of the bridge, which can attractive local biodiviersity to use the bridge instead of only humans, as there is currently nothing on the bridges that attracts animals to use it and cross between habitats.

All these bridges improves the accessibility of the public to nature reserve of areas with lush greeneries, promoting near-nature interactions without having to travel far from the centre, however I think the signage can be improved since they have been exposed to extrerme weathers, where some signs are incomprehensible to guide visitors.

Breaking the conventional geometry of horizontal and vertical structures, Henderson wave blends the two axes together and forms a dynamic structure with beautiful lookout. This park connector uses wood to create a naturalistic palette.

[text]

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04 NOVEMBER 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

HORT PARK

-RECREATIONAL PARK- BIOPHILIC LIFESTYLE - URBAN AGRICULTURE Entrance of Hort Park, overlooking Alexandra Arch, a park connector bridge in Southern Ridges.

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS Hort park is a public park under the management by National Parks' Board. It is a park focusing towards research and community engagement, educating public about gardening techniques, sustainable innovation technology and provide experimental ground for public to engage with nature. It is more appropriate to describe Hort Park as an assemblage of community artwork, experimentation, technology.

The park is separated into 4 parts: Entrance and visitor centre, community gardens, research centre and test farm. Upon my arrival at the park, I realise there is a edible garden festival happening in Hort Park, where a series of garden showcases, community workshop on cooking with local crops, and a market is opened for the public to visit and purchase gardening products and local produce.

After taking a stroll in the garden festival, I have found a lot of interesting urban agricultural products, including hydroponic planting devices, artificial light for agriculture, self-filtering and sustaining 'living machine' that plants crops for human consumption while feeding fishes and micro-organisms in the machine. Although it is less relevant to landscape architecture, it is interesting to see the different innovations available to general public. This encourages a closer relationship between the public to engage with nature through urban agriculture of different scales.

Garden maintained by National Parks Board

Garden showcases

Hydroponic planting device with artificial sunlight

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One of the many Community Garden

Competition of largest crop yield from local produce.

Market for edible goods and gardening equippments, materials.

High vertical greening walls as a technology showcase.

Exiting the visitor centre and entering the gardens, I found myself welcomed by a series of community gardens designed and maintained by different organizations. The garden is carefully designed and explained through panels, welcoming public to explore the different features at the garden. Research centre and test farm is restricted to public access.

Although Hort park is not the best looking park I have seen in SIngapore, I admire the passion and commitment National Parks Board in trying to encourage community engagement into nature and provide access to informal learning in agriculture and horticultural sciences. The technology showcase is very useful for young professionals like myself to take reference and put them to experiement in projects. It educates public that nature can be right beside you, and everybody have the ability to improve local environments.

(Left) Centre for Urban Greenery and Ecology is a research centre of National Parks Board in the aim to innovate sustinable landscape construction techniques and planting methods in Urban environments.

They host workshop periodically to provide training to both professionals and public.

(Right) A sign showing this part of the park is constructed using this technology.

05 NOVEMBER 2017 EXPLORATION

FINDINGS

ISTANA PARK

- URBAN ENVIRONMENTS - LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE - FORMAL GARDENS

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS Located in the heart of Orchard road, the SIngapore shopping district lies Istana, the official residnecy of SIngapore's prime minister. As it only opens several times throughout the year, the Istana park is built to provide a recreational ground for general public and allow the public who cannot make it to Istana on the open days, to know more about SIngapore history and the history of the Istana. I personally do not like the park at all since it is too archietctural, where hardscape are very bold in presence and geometric, where softscape elements are highly maintained, leaving an impression of artiificial and man-made environment.

Although there has been attempts to bring in naturalistic encounter through introducing meandiering pathways in stone crazy pavings, and a still pond in the middle of the park, it is not effective due to the overpowering visual and tactile impact from the other parts of the park. Moreover, the materials used to construct the park are very out of character and does not blend well with softscape materials.

(Left) Climbers forming a sheltered corridor for people to walk through.

(Above) Planting arranged in a very tidy manner, leaving an articial impression.

It might be the designer's intention to leave this park a very tidy manner as it replaces the identity of the Istana when it is not open, however I find the park really disturbing and uncomfortable.

(Left) Plantings arranged in a very tidy manner, leaving an articial impression.

(Right) A pond located in the centre of the park, with lotus plantation as a refuge from the urban surroundings.

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NOTES FROM THE WEEK

06 - 10 NOVEMBER WEEK 10 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE

GRAPHIC UPDATE - TOPOGRAPHY VS STRUCTURE

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While updating this elevation, I acquired a lot of knowledge for water engineering since editing this elevation requires a lot of background knlwedge to how the vegetated swale on site in constructed and how it repsonds to the existing topography.

A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION

In the design process of water features, one must acquire data on the drainage direction and drainage facilities existing onsite or located on the neighboring site, with accurate levels provided. For this swale's case, the slope of the swale must be 1:20. The water then gets tranported through a concealed drain which connects to a public sump. Miscalculation of slope and levels can lead to drainage problems, leading to ponding of water and potentially flooding.

C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

B. DESIGN DECISIONS

06 - 10 NOVEMBER

GRAPHIC UPDATE - INTERACTION BETWEEN WATER ENGINEERING AND GABION STRUCTURE

WEEK 10 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

GRAPHIC UPDATE - SECTION OF STORMWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM AND PLANTATION ALONG A RETAINING WALL

4. COMPLETION PHASE

This section illustrates the water detention feature and maintenance access associated to this terraced rain garden/seating area on another part of the site, as part of the design submission package. While designing this rain garden/ terraced seating area, Fire Emergency Access was discussed as there is not enough room on the lower ground to accomodate FEA, therefore it is relocated to the top of the retaining wall, before meeting the adjacent site boundary.

A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION

I learnt that FEA is an important factor to consider on site for safety concern, however it also poses a huge burden on landscape design since it spans 6m across a landscape. Therefore, sacrificial landscape design might need to be implemented.

B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

ISOMETRIC DIAGRAM RENDERING

This is my first time rendering isometric perspectives. After given the task from a plan, I decided to model the site with the given levels and structure in Sketchup and export a 3D base before putting landscape elements on top.

This is proven to be very effective as it provides a lot of reference line for me to render, so that t h e p er s p ec t i ve i s kep t coherent. I will adapt this method into doing my coursework.

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FINDINGS

11 NOVEMBER 2017 EXPLORATION

GREEN URBANSCAPE ASIA 2017

- TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS -LOCAL POLICIES

- CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS

GREEN URBANSCAPE ASIA Green Urbanscape Asia is an annual conference hosting events, workshops and showcase of professional works from the Landscape Architecture and gardening industry. Hosted in the Singapore Expo, I had a lot of insights to the benefits of attending professional landscape events, as it refreshes and widens one's exposure to the landscape architecture design trends, product information and technology innovation, as well as workshops as a part of continuous professional development.

GREENING POLICIES IN SINGAPORE Expo MRT Station - Maximising greening area through implementing multiple layers of planting in the open air and less shaded corner of the station. It improves the general aesthetics to the station, provide cooling and reduce energy cost through minmising the need for air conditioning.

Expo entrace - A completely shaded access is provided to maximise accessibility under the tropical weather of Singapore.

Exposed corners of the structure are vegetated, softneing the hard corners of the Expo centre.

Besides showcases from landscape suppliers and gardeners, several Singaporean landscape institution and departments also displayed about the local design trends and featured policies that drives the greening and landscaping in Singapore forward.

The panels above is a showcase of future development and facilities offered by Urban Redevelopment Authority to acomodate the greening development of Singapore. I am especially curious about the LUSH planting policy update from 2.0 to 3.0, and the BIM plant library to be developed.

Although this BIM library is probably only appropriate to be referenced in the tropical climate regions, it provides a well rounded insight to planting specifications, and assisting the incorporation of Building Information Modelling as part of the essential landscapr architecture training.

92

FINDINGS

11 NOVEMBER 2017 EXPLORATION

GREEN URBANSCAPE ASIA 2017

- TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS -LOCAL POLICIES - CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS Besides updates on landscape and sustinable architecture guidelines, landscape suppliers from the Southeast Asia region were also invited to promote their latest products, where potential trade opportunities are provided, and keep landscape professionals up to date on the latest technology available on the market to be appliedi into the projects. I saw suppliers that sells water detention tanks which is useful for water sensitive urban deisgns, or infiltration systems underground.

Other than that, a showcase of design submissions to the Singapore Insititute of Landscape Architects were also displayed. They provide a very good reference point for landscape students and young professional to take reference from winning projects.

This visit to the Green urbanscape asia conference is very insightful as it keeps me up to date on latest technology products and landscape architecture design trend in Southeast Asia reigon. I would love to visit more of these conferences to gain more insight and information on the current landscape architecture industry.

Singapore Institute of Landscape Architect Awards - Showcasing presentation panels submitted by this year's winners.

93

13 - 17 NOV 2017 WEEK 11 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT

5.3. LANDSCAPE DESIGN REPORT 5.3.1. A SMART LANDSCAPE VISION The vision for SIT Campus aims to become a model of holistic sustainable campus development and allowing for the community to gain stewardship and integration with the Campus Court.

Weaving through the site and extending the network of paths for people, vegetation and wildlife creates a variety of options for adaptable spaces that are responsive to the site. The eventual SIT Campus will be a timeless inspiring development that will be memorable for students and at the same time contributing to the community lifestyle choices.

3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

FIGURE. 5.1 VISION DIAGRAM

5.3. LANDSCAPE DESIGN REPORT 5.3.4. ENTRANCE COURT 5

The entrance court is one of the major meeting point for campus tours and public visits as it locates in front of the administration building. Seating, in the form of timber decks are installed on the Step Lawn to accommodate crowds in need, or any visitors waiting for their friends and companions.

Sustainable: Recycling of any possible site features such as soil, forest saplings, timber from trees that are removed, existing hardcore that will be demolished.

4. COMPLETION PHASE

Besides, the entrance court is also the key access point for visitors arriving on the MRT. They will be welcomed by several key features that run across the entire plot. Firstly, a sheltered walkway on the ground level, which provides access towards the different points of interest at the campus. Oriented for public visitors and slower access, they shall find themselves accompanied by a linear bioretention swale, providing a relaxing atmosphere in the campus.

Maintainable: A self-sustaining landscape that strives to be of zero or low maintenance by restoring and enhancing the botanical, ecological and hydrological balance of the site. The school and local community are able to take part with the programmes generated as part of the sustainable education programmes introduced.

For quicker access to buildings and teaching facilities, an elevated bridge (FFL+115) is installed to connect from the Campus Boulevard to different academic buildings on site, which is more oriented for students and staffs. Visitors are welcome to start their journey in the campus through the different pedestrian accesses provided at the entrance court.

Adaptable: Efficient spatial management that allows the quick shift in the programmatic usage of dedicated multi-functional spaces. These spaces are anchorages within the campus where a diversity of programmes that complements different users group can be generate and brought together.

1 2 3 4 5

Responsive: Responsive design measures are deployed to respond to the unique on-site situation of history, topography, hydraulics, forest species, density and micro-climatic changes that are observed and recorded.

STEP LAWN TIMBER PLATFORM / SEATS BIO-RETENTION SWALE CROSSING BRIDGE EXHIBITION WALL

FFL+107.00

1

MRT STATION

FFL+107.00

A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION

2 FFL+107.00

FFL+106.50

FFL+106.80

FFL+107.00

PRECEDENT IMAGES

Timeless: Creating a Forest that everyone remembers. Forging timeless friendships and community bonding all in the heart of Punggol. A lifestyle difference; creating a biophillic environment filled with ecosystem services benefits.

4

B. DESIGN DECISIONS

3

FFL+107.00

FIGURE. 5.5 ENTRANCE COURT BLOW-UP PLAN

1. Entrance Court 5

8

The entrance court is one of the major meeting point for campus tours and public visits as it locates in front of the administration building. Seating, in the form of timber decks are installed on the Step Lawn to accommodate crowds in need, or any visitors waiting for their friends and companions.

Besides, the entrance court is also the key access point for visitors arriving on the MRT. They will be welcomed by several key features that run across the entire plot. Firstly, a sheltered walkway on the ground level, which provides access towards the different points of interest at the campus. Oriented for public visitors and slower access, they shall find themselves accompanied by a linear bio-retention swale, providing a relaxing atmosphere in the campus.

For quicker access to buildings and teaching facilities, an elevated bridge (FFL+115) is installed to connect from the Campus Boulevard to different academic buildings on site, which is more oriented for students and staffs. Visitors are welcome to start their journey in the campus through the different pedestrian accesses provided at the entrance court.

94

2. Mid-Court For visitors arriving on vehicles such as buses, taxis and cars, they will be greeted at the Mid-court. Being part of the main circulation of the plot, Mid-Court serves as a key vehicular drop-off and pick up point

C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

13 - 17 NOV 2017 WEEK 11 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

95

UPDATING DESIGN OF TERRACED SEATING AREA After a series of calculations, as the water detention volume in othe parts of the site has already reached the intended goal, the rain garden feature is removed from here, to reduce construction cost and difficulty in construction. This decision is also based on the criterias to obtain ABC certification, which informs the impact of recognition and qualification scheme in promoting sustinable and biophilic design, since clients would like to obtain as much qualification to enhance their reputation.

20-24 NOV 2017 WEEK 12 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

Before aligning

96

After aligning

SIT Plot 1: Cost Estimation for Landscape Elements

20-24 NOV 2017

No

WEEK 12

sq.m

2,121

150.00

318,150.00

Hardscape on E-deck Level 3 and above Hardscape on true ground Level 1

sq.m sq.m

6,579 1,171 7,750

150.00 150.00 Subtotal

986,850.00 175,650.00 1,480,650.00

Softscape (supply and install) Softscape on E-deckb Level 2 Softscape on planters Level 2/3 to 9 Softscape on planters Softscape on true ground Level 1

sq.m sq.m sq.m sq.m

153 5,000

1,587

644 7,384

250.00 250.00 250.00 150.00 Subtotal

38,250.00 1,250,000.00 396,780.00 96,600.00 1,781,630.00

Plot 1b & 1c Hardscape (assuming granite stone finish, supply rate only) Hardscape on E-deck L2 Hardscape on E-deck Level 3 and above Hardscape on true ground

sq.m sq.m sq.m

7,770 12,000 901 20,670

150.00 150.00 150.00 Subtotal

1,165,444.50 1,800,000.00 135,100.50 3,100,545.00

Softscape (supply and install) Softscape on E-deck Softscape on planters Level 2/3 to 9 Softscape on planters Softscape on true ground

sq.m sq.m sq.m sq.m

5,926 988

10,589

3,533 21,036

250.00 250.00 250.00 150.00 Subtotal

1,481,455.00 247,010.00 2,647,250.00 529,989.00 4,905,704.00

802 1,146 1,948

180.00 180.00 Subtotal

144,387.00 206,292.60 350,679.60

Nparks Requirement 60% of site area for Softscape URA Requirement 40% of site area for Softscape URA Requirement 60% of site area for Hardscape

1.3 Green Roof 1.3.1 Plot 1a 1.3.2 Plot 1b & 1c

sq.m sq.m

1.4

Climber Mesh System - EXCLUDED

sq.m

2

Sculptural Pavilions

nos

2

######## Subtotal

400,000.00 400,000.00

3

Benches (custom made per design)

nos

20

5,000.00 Subtotal

100,000.00 100,000.00

4

Landscape lightings

lump sum

Subtotal

300,000.00 300,000.00

5

Automated Irrigation System for all planting areas (exclude Nparks' Land)

lump sum

6 6.1

WUSD / ABC Waters Elements (supply and install) Retention Pond for Plot 1a Cleansing Biotope Pump / M&E circulation system at for Cleansing Biotope 1

sq.m sq.m lump sum

3,022 302 1

500.00 350.00 50,000.00

1,511,000.00 105,700.00 50,000.00

6.2

Retention Pond for Plot 1b Cleansing Biotope Pump / M&E circulation system at for Cleansing Biotope 2

sq.m sq.m lump sum

1,219 122 1

500.00 350.00 50,000.00

609,500.00 42,700.00 50,000.00

6.3

Retention Pond for Plot 1c Cleansing Biotope Pump / M&E circulation system at for Cleansing Biotope 3

sq.m sq.m lump sum

1,516 152 1

500.00 350.00 50,000.00

758,000.00 53,200.00 50,000.00

sq.m

4,900

25.00

sq.m sq.m

932 500

sq.m

6,394

150.00

959,100.00

4,262

120.00

511,440.00

6.4

Football Field

500.00 Subtotal

Subtotal

Subtotal

4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS

8 8.1 8.2 8.3

COST ESTIMATION this cost estimation editing opportunity gave me an initial insight to the scale of development a landscape project can go, especially in terms of cost, which is shocking.

This also informs me of how important is it to produce a clear drawing for a development, as it can affect the accuracy when quantifying a landscape proposal, including planting areas, planting type and hardscape pavement areas.

Total ($)

Plot 1a Hardscape (assuming granite stone finish, supply rate only) Hardscape on E-deck Level 2

FINDINGS

3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

Unit Price ($)

Qty

1.1

1.2

2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT

Unit

SOFTSCAPE & HARDSCAPE WORKS

WORK LOG (2)

1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES

Items / Description PLOT 1

1

1

PUB DR Requirement Vegetated Swales at Plot 1A Vegetated Swales at Plot 1B RC Box Drain 5.6m width x 2m depth x 90m length *C&S items - QS to advise Nparks' Land Softscape works on True Ground (inclusive of plants and soil) Assuming adding 30% of Nparks land with new planting = 6394 sqm.

180.00 180.00 Subtotal

2

Hardscape (supply rate w/o installation) Assuming 20% of Nparks land will be covered with walkway / footpath in interlocking pavers and pebble wash *Installation and labour cost are not inclusive

3

Outdoor Fitness Station - subject to Nparks' requirement

lump sum

4

Playground - subject to Nparks' requirement

lump sum

5

Sculptural Pavilions

nos

6

Benches (custom made per design)

nos

7

Landscape lightings

sq.m

lump sum

C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

-

800,000.00 800,000.00

3,230,100.00 167,791.85 90,000.00 257,791.85

RSD ACADEMY: INFORMATION SHARING SESSIONS RSD academy is a friday weekly event where different personnel in the company prepares a presentation on a certain topic to share with other staffs of the company. This allow a better transparency across the entire company, where people can find relevant projects easier for their own reference. Besides learning the developmental process of a design project, I also learnt the importance to maintain a close relationship between different design teams and keep updated on their project progress. With good intercommunication, one can find good reference project easier for their own purpose.

200,000.00 200,000.00

1

########

20

5,000.00

Subtotal

200,000.00 100,000.00

200,000.00 2,370,540.00

HAND SKETCHING PRACTICE - ROCKS 97

26 NOV 2017 EXPLORATION

MARINA BARRAGE/ ARTSCIENCE MUSEUM

FINDINGS - WATER INFRASTRUCTURE - ROOFTOP TERRACE - WATERFRONT PROMENADE

MARINA BARRAGE Located North to Gardens by the Bay, it is a dam and the fifthe largest reservoir in Singapore. Accessible from Gardens by the Bay, it provides recreational ground for water sports and the structure provides educational purposes to general public on the water resource management of SIngapore.

Views from the rooftop terrace back into Central SIngapore.

Quick access through the cycling path from Gardens by the Bay

Rooftop terrace indicated by blue arrow

98

-

A N A LY S I S , REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS

26 NOV 2017 EXPLORATION

MARINA BARRAGE/ ARTSCIENCE MUSEUM

FINDINGS - WATER INFRASTRUCTURE - ROOFTOP TERRACE - WATERFRONT PROMENADE

ARTSCIENCE MUSEUM WWF VIRTUAL EXHIBTION

ANALYSIS, REFLECTIONS, AND FURTHER IMPLICATIONS This exhibition displays the infinite potential and impact of implementing Augmented Reality into landscapes. It can act as a powerful educational devices in outdoor education, such as projecting a simulation of how a landscape used to look to provide comparison to the landscape changes in a given area.

INTERACTIVE MEDIA TECHNOLOGY AND ART Another exhibit I found the most useful is an interactive modelling installation, where the model simulates the connection and the landscape composition when different elements are implemented across different parts of the site area. If developed further, this can become a powerful design tool as this is a very versatile experimentation device which takes minimal time to set up and allow wide range of exploration without needing a lot of resources.

99

27NOV - 01DEC 2017 WEEK 13 WORK LOG

FINDINGS

LIGHTING COMPANY SHARING SESSION

1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

DIAGRAM OUTPUT

100

As SIT project is separated into two plots, two plots are producing their reports seprately. However my colleague reminded me that as a professional, the report style should be coherent since it is produdced by the same company, therefore he asked me to imitate the image above to create a similar programme for his plot to be insertedi nto the report.

OTHER DESIGN REFLECTION

27NOV - 01DEC 2017 WEEK 13 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT

MAINTENANCE TRAINING - DEFECT LIABILITY PERIOD HANDOVER

3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

I was brought to a site meeting where a test on the maintenance in the rain garden was carried out in the aim to see if the maintenance structure works, as well as to let the management authority clarify any additional query to the maintenance required.

4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

As highlighted by my supervisor, he mentioned the steel edge in this garden is not supposed to be exposed, which can be caused be lack of mainteance on the lawn grasses which leave the soil bare, as well as improper installation.

The rain garden was flooded 12 hours before the test was carried out, to allow sedimentation and loosening the excess nitrate scattered across the rain garden and under the discharge pipes.

On the test, freshwater was pumped into the maintenance pipes, which flushes all the excess nitrates out and drains from the rain garden. This should be done at least annually.

During the design stage of this project, the designer was a bit experimental, therefore the planting was designed in the form of circular blocks, which did not achieve a good effect when realised.

101

04 - 07 DEC 2017 WEEK 14 WORK LOG

LINK BRIDGE DESIGN An iterative deisgn process was carried out to determine the best modular link bridge, where several design consdierations were included, such as the link bridge's relation to overhead structure and how the structure for the overhead structure can be blended into the link bridge.

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

102

04 - 07 DEC 2017 WEEK 14 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

103

11 - 18 DEC 2018 WEEK 15-16 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

Diagrams I produced for SIT project design package submission.

104

11 - 18 DEC 2018 WEEK 15-16 WORK LOG

FINDINGS

15 DEC - CONSTRUCTION SITE VISIT I was bought to a construction site to learn about the preliminary works prior to commence construction and to observe the actual construction methods that we always apply on design proposals. This was one of the best work experience I get to try since it is a construction site in operation, led by an onsite supervisor therefore he can share a lot of construction details and methods to us the design team for other project. Although not everything he taught us will be used, but it is a great reference point to understand how the things we drew on autoCAD is translated into reality.

1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

105

11 - 18 DEC 2018 WEEK 15-16 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

106

11 - 18 DEC 2018

Masterplan of the construction site development

WEEK 15-16 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES

Gabion structures to be installed on the site

Coconut fiber textile to help plant growth

2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS

Pavilion under construction Stone setts are arranged to their desired look before getting fixed into the ground surface.

C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

Excavation on site to create landforms

107

11 - 18 DEC 2018 WEEK 15-16 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT Plants to be installed on site

Temporal plants storage before it gets planted

3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

Water barrier to prevent construction waste contaminating water resources.

108

Transplanted tree getting stabilised manually, until roots are established

Drainage outlet towards waterbody

11 - 18 DEC 2018

RSD ACADEMY - AUTOCAD TUTORIAL

WEEK 15-16 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

109

11 - 18 DEC 2018 WEEK 15-16 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

110

11 - 18 DEC 2018 WEEK 15-16 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE

MAINTENANCE HANDOVER - SITE MEETING The site meeting today was to teach realted management bodies to maintain the site. Drawings are provided and all of us walked around to see the actual site, so that the management council can actually understabd what maintenance method applies to which area.

Rain garden/ bioretention basin from powerpoint training

A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

Bio-retention lawn - Perforated pipes are hidden underground, where part of the lawn have to be dig up for maintenance. There is apparently a lack of irrigation or maintenace issue on patches of the lawn which requires follow up.

111

11 - 18 DEC 2018 WEEK 15-16 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS Bio-retention basin - the maintenance pipes (above) Plants condition are not well on one of the bio-retention basin, follow up required. (left) Vermin problems - Got bit on site, meaning there is ponding issue somewhere nearby, most likley caused by bad drainage. (bottom)

4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

112

CANBERRA 114

HARRIS HOBBS LANDSCAPES. IT IS A SMALL AWARD-WINNING COMPANY WHICH SPECIALISES IN LANDSCAPING SERVICES FOR BOTH RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPE DESIGN. BESIDES LANDSCAPE SERVICES, NEIL HOBBS AND KARINA HARRIS, THE OWNER OF THE COMPANY ARE PASSIONATE ART COLLECTORS. THEY ARE ALSO CURATORS OF THE BIENNIALE ART FESTIVAL IN CANBERRA: CONTOUR556.

115

JOINING AS A DRAFTSMAN During this first week I familiarize the working stages of a project in this company, as well as my scope of work as an intern. As the owners - Neil and Karina are the principal designers of all projects, I am expecting a lot less design opportunity, which is slightly disappointing.

However, it is a fresh experience for me to join a company as a draftsman, which can possibly allow me to practice autoCAD, and learn new tips from time to time. I canLEGEND possibly improve the working efficiency in graphic manipulation. proposed trees

My job as a draftsman is to translate handdrawn sketch plans into autoCAD. I was given a survey, a template and a scanned handsketch plan to translate and combine both into a technical plan. Just when I thought it was going to be easy, sometimes the scanned drawing does not have sufficient quality for me to translate the drawing accurately. Also, the designers often skew the drawing by accident, which causes the drawing to not align to the provided survey drawings.

Therefore, as a draftsman I should decide and balance out the possible human error and the precision of the survey. I spent the first two weeks doing the same thing for different projects, but I need help from my colleague to teach me on some additional principles in drafting drawings. shrubs

Hand drafted plan by designer

accent planting

hedge

22 JAN - 02 FEB 2018 #2 WEEK 01 - 02 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES

0

5 614.7

6 15 . 0

LAWN

BUXUS MICROPHYLLA JAPONICA SHRUB

2 NOS. ACERS

600x300mm unit pavers

5

VIBURNUM TINUS HEDGE

50

5

61

climbers

615.7

5.

61

6 14 . 50

ground cover

.25

3000 x 1000 x 600mm HIGH CORRUGATED STEEL VEGETABLE GARDEN

Ø 3100MM TRAMPOLINE ON MULCH OR ARTIFICIAL GRASS

230x115mm unit pavers

exposed aggregate concrete

FUTURE BUILDING

masonry wall stone wall

mowing edge

2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT

BRAGG STREET

table setting

1500MM HIGH SECRET MORTAR STONE WALL WITH CLIMBERS

3000 x 1000 x 600mm HIGH CORRUGATED STEEL VEGETABLE GARDEN

LAWN

STANDARD ACERS

COMPOST HERBS

PIZZA OVEN

ACER

BBQ

VIBURNUM TINUS HEDGE

STONE CLAD MASONRY WALL TO HEIGHT OF BBQ

3X FRUIT TREES

ESPALIERED FRUIT TREES

TANK

CLIMBERS TO STONE WALL

While trying to stick to the designer's drawing, all items have to be drafted into whole numbers, such as 445.6679 should be rounded to 450, which is more likely to be a standard measurement for materials.

ACER

61 6 .0

0 FIG TREE

TIMBER SCREEN

0 .75

.2 5

00

5 615.2

61 6.

0 6 15 . 0

EVERGREEN CLIMBERS TO STAINLESS STEEL CABLES ON FENCE

.25

5

ALL WEATHER VERGOLA OVER

616

614.7

615

61 6

6 15 . 5

614 . 50

Survey drawings have to be cleaned up of any unneeded details so that the drawing is easy to read and clear. To ensure everything is perpendicular, principal axis should be established when one first started the drawing, and any ambiguous lines shall be drafted based on the principal axes, so all lines are parallel and perpendicular.

BINS

VIBURNUM TINUS HEDGE

LEGEND

My first drafted preliminary sketch plan.

existing contours

.00

616

proposed trees

shrubs accent planting

0

ground cover

5

50

.2 15

6 VIBURNUM TINUS HEDGE

BUXUS MICROPHYLLA JAPONICA SHRUB

LAWN

2 NOS. ACERS

Ø 3100MM TRAMPOLINE ON MULCH OR ARTIFICIAL GRASS

climbers Landscape Architect

75

6 15 . 0

DATE 22/11/17 -

614.75

DRAWN APPR'D JET NH -

615.

DESCRIPTION FOR REVIEW -

5.

61

REV. A -

6 14 . 50

hedge

3000 x 1000 x 600mm HIGH CORRUGATED STEEL VEGETABLE GARDEN

FUTURE BUILDING

16 ROBE STREET DEAKIN ACT 2600 p +61 2 6273 4661 e hhl@hhl.com.au w www.hhl.com.au

SCALE @ A3

230x115mm unit pavers

0 .5 1

5

2 2.5

exposed aggregate concrete 10M masonry wall stone wall mowing edge

116

AGG STREET

table setting

1500MM HIGH SECRET MORTAR STONE WALL WITH CLIMBERS STANDARD ACERS

3000 x 1000 x 600mm HIGH CORRUGATED STEEL VEGETABLE GARDEN

LAWN

COMPOST HERBS

PIZZA OVEN

ACER

BBQ

VIBURNUM TINUS HEDGE

STONE CLAD MASONRY WALL TO HEIGHT OF BBQ

3X FRUIT TREES

ESPALIERED FRUIT TREES CLIMBERS TO STONE WALL

TANK

1:200

600x300mm unit pavers

00

616.

existing contours

To ensure maximum accuracy, a standard order of drafting different elements should be followed: Buildings & walls -> pathways ->trees, hedges and shrubs 6 BRAGG STREET HACKETT JAN 2018 -> furniture and other accessories. This is exactly SKETCH PLAN the reverse procedure of construction, and based on 17226 A buildings are very rigid 101 structure that has no room to be misclaculated, whereas softscape are more flexible and dynamic.

DATE

PROJECT

CLIENT

LANDSCAPE WORKS - PRELIMINARY

SHERRON & MATT FIELDEN N

JOB

REV

DWG

3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

22 JAN - 02 FEB 2018 #2 WEEK 01 - 02 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT

SITE MEETING - CONSTRUCTION DEFECT CHECK UP Besides staying in the office drafting, I was also brought to a n on-site meeting with other consultants, to check the craftmanship and defects of a construction project for the government. All consultants picked up some defects on site, including us. We found the level difference soil surface and hardpaving level is a bit to tall, causing a trip hazard; Some of the grasses are not growing to cover edges, and muiching should be done all the way, not just patches.

Defect check is very important because once approved by responsible consultants, all defect found on-site then bevomes the consultants' responsibility, regardless of whose fault is it to start with.

3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

117

Species Ulmus parvifolia

No. 1-3

LEGEND

8

/

/ /

3.

/

GU

/

57 /

TT

58

7 8-10 11 12 13 14 15 6 17 18 19-20

40 3.

ER

6

17

/

58

TREES PROPOSED FOR REMOVAL 42

TREE PROTECTION ZONE

/

/

/

BLK 9

4 4 1

3 7

5 3

Malus spectabilis Cotoneaster ssp (Hedge) Fraxinus ssp.

Prunus ssp Crataegus ssp Prunus ssp.

Eucalyptus mannifera Prunus ssp.

Quercus palustris

Dead 3 14 5 8 4 25 5 24

1 6 3 8 3 16 4 12

/

/

14

/ /

Retain Retain

600 450

No No

Medium Poor

Retain Retain (Dead Leaders)

-

1400 600 1100 500 2900 600 1400

No Yes No No No Yes No Street

Dead Poor Medium Medium Medium Medium High Medium Medium

Remove Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain (Registered Tree) Retain Retain

1 2 3 3 1 3 1

TREE ASSESSMENT AND PROTECTION PLAN

Recommendation Retain - Remove dead wood (extensive dieback) Retain

Another scope of work of this company is to provide tree assessments to a given site.

It is particularly important since it determines the management status of the tree and influence the decision on which trees to fell, relocate and retain.

TREE #4

TREE #5

TREE #6

4.

/

/

84

TT GU

/ /

/

/

/

/ /

58

4.

85

/

/

ER

/

Before construction commences, retained trees shall require protection zone from construction areas and heavy vehicles access, depending on the scale of the project.

Therefore a tree protection plan is normally produced as part of the tree assessment package. In Australia, tree protection zones are usually 2 metres away from the canopy of the tree, and wherever possible, temporal protection fencing must be put up to restrict access.

/

/

/

/ /

11

9

Medium Medium

2 1

TREE #1-3 58

/

/

Medium

Street No

-

/

/

16

/

Rating Poor

Street

750

1

/

739@ DP446

15

/

57

SEC 27

/

12

Regulated Yes

900

Circ.

1350

1 3

-

/

/

18

No. Trunks

/ /

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/ /

/

/

/

10

/

/

/

TREE #7

/

/

/

/

/

TREE #8-9

TREE #10

TREE #11

/

/

/

/

/

/ /

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

9

/

20

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

8

/

/

/

/

/ / /

/

/

/ /

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/ /

/

/

TREE #18

TREE #19 - 20

/ /

/

/

/

/

TREE PROTECTION NOTES

/

/

/

PROVIDE FENCING AS SHOWN ON DRAWING. INSTALL 1800mm TALL CONTINUOUS CHAIN MESH FENCE SUPPORTED BY 2400mm TALL STAR STEEL POSTS OR TEMPORARY CHAIN MESH PANELS + GUIDE BLOCKS AROUND EXISTING TREES AS SHOWN ON DRAWING.

/ /

/

IN

580

KL

/

/

9

/ /

ST

57

/

/

/

/

/

/ /

/

/

5

/

MAKE GOOD GRASSING ON COMPLETION AS NOTED BELOW.

/

/

/

CONSTRUCTION ACCESS IS TO BE FROM EXISTING DRIVE CROSSING ON EMPIRE CIRCUIT OR FRANKLIN STREET. OBTAIN ALL APPROVALS AS REQUIRED FOR NEW/REINSTATED DRIVE CROSSINGS, FOOTPATHS AND OTHER ASSETS TO PUBLIC LAND. FENCING TO BE ERECTED ON COMMENCEMENT OF SITE WORK AND REMOVED AT COMPLETION OF CONSTRUCTION. THE FENCE IS TO REMAIN CONTINUOUS THROUGHOUT THE PROJECT.

/

/

/

IT

/

/ /

/

/

/

GENERAL NOTES

EC PIR

/

/

/

REFER LANDSCAPE PLAN FOR DETAILS OF FENCE INSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY; HAND EXCAVATION FOR EACH POST HOLE, CLEAN CUTS BY HANDSAW FOR ALL ROOTS >30MM DIAMETER

0 58

DRAWN APPR'D JET NH -

MAINTAIN ACCESS FOR PEDESTRIANS ALONG EXISTING FOOTPATHS SURROUNDING SITE.

U IRC

/

ALL WORK IS TO BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE, 2002 MAKE GOOD ANY DAMAGE TO ADJACENT WORKS AND REINSTATE AS PER THE STANDARD SPECIFICATION. IT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE BUILDER TO ENSURE THAT ANY DISTURBANCES TO THE EXISTING GROUND COVER, TREES, PATHS, KERBS, ROADWAYS OR SERVICES OCCURING FROM EITHER CONSTRUCTION WORKS OR STORAGE OF MACHINERY/ MATERIALS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION WORKS ARE RECTIFIED TO THE SATISFACTION OF RELEVANT AUTHORITIES.

EM

NO CARPARKING OR EQUIPMENT PARKING PERMITTED ON SIT EXCEPT IN CONSTRUCTION COMPOUND. NO SITE SHEDS, STORAGE SHEDS, SITE AMENITIES OR BILLBOARDS TO BE ERECTED ON VERGES/PUBLIC LAND. NO CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL TO BE STORED ON VERGES/PUBLIC LAND.

DATE 05/02/18 -

DATE

SCALE @ A3

FEB 2018

1:200

Landscape Architect

N

Tj CHOOK RUN WITH ORGANIC MULCH

18003

EX. CAMELLIA

Aps

3 Hqu

LANDSCAPE WORKS Pmf Pmf

TREE ASSESSMENT

A

Aps

REV

4 Hpa

EX. SHRUBS

301

DWG

8 Sco

5 Csh

30 Jpn

Gps

Tj

new driveway 5 Sma

Ro

Lfn

13 Jpn

Tj

Ro

15 Tsm

Ro

4 Sma

Bs

Mrc 12 Cmi

590,950

LEGEND

10 Nd

22 Aam

Tj Fp

Ase POOL 12 x 4m

Bs

Proposed Deciduous Trees

14 Cvm

4 Leg

9

58

Tj

MB

14 Epp

Tj

Proposed Evergreen Trees

Tj POOL PUMP

30 Bmj

18 Bmj

Tj

+590.10

Shrubs

Lfn

8 Jpn

Tj

'HIDEAWAY' POOL COVER

6 Hqu

10 Ct

18 Jpn

Tj

Tj

Apa 10 Vt

Tj SLEEPER RETAINING WALL

14 Cvm

Tj

dryland grass

12 Tsm

Bs

24 Jpn

Ro

28 Jpn 34 Vt

CRa

12 Bmj CRc

CRc

CRa

DATE 13/02/18

DATE

SCALE @ A3

FEB 2018

1:200

Landscape Architect 16 ROBE STREET DEAKIN ACT 2600 p +61 2 6273 4661 e hhl@hhl.com.au w www.hhl.com.au

2 2.5

5

LEGEND REMOVE existing trees RETAIN existing planting RELOCATE existing planting .96

7 .47

.85 567

.10

567

.26

568

567 .67

568

.91 ^

302

140 mm 140 mm 140 mm 140 mm 140 mm 140 mm

42 145 156 60 258 3

existing trees retained existing planting retained existing planting relocated shrubs ground cover hedge

^

568

35

REMOVE CORREA

.40

.66

567

568

568

56

8

RETAIN AGAPANTHUS

568

.04

568

.99

567

.05

568

.94

.94

567

567

.27

.32

568

568

567

.81

.90

567

.72

567

.82

.92

.80

567

567

567

567

568

56

.91

.71

.86

567

8

24 Do

.13

568

156 Jsa @ 3/M²

567

.71

.50

567

60 Tj

568

.67

567

.57

.82

567

.00

568

.03 568 .00 .92 567

.63

567

568

567

.82

.22

8

56

8

567

567

56

8

56

568

568

RAMP TO CARPARK

568

.71

567

RETAIN LIRIOPE

.62

567 .63 .62 567 567

.00

.01

568 .00

568

.06

.56

.69

567 .75

567

42 Tj @ 3/M²

3 X Ju TO MATCH EXISTING

568

.60

567

.70

567

.74

567

^

.63

567

567 .81

567

.84

567

.05

568

.60

567

.99

567

.86

.92 567 567 .90

.81

567

567

.02

568 .09

.13

568

.60

567

RETAIN ABELIA

.58

567

.86

567

.98

567 .91

567

.83

567

.95

567

.26

568

RETAIN JUNIPER

.98

567

567

PAVING

.90

567

.18

568

.34

568

.02

567

.99

567

.37

568

568

.89

568

568

568

.65

567

.83

567

.82

567

8 56

.05

568

.01

.10

568 .12

568

8

RETAIN FLAX

568 .20

.19

56

SEC 100

RETAIN ALL ACERS, CALLISTEMONS, CASUARINA, PYRUS, WEEPING PRUNUS, AND ACACIA

.88

567

.07

568

568

.60

567

.19

568 .20

568 .09

568

568

TAP ^

.86

567

.19

568

.27

568

RETAIN DAPHNE

.05

568

8

8 56

568

RETAIN AGAPANTHUS

TAP

.19

.42

BLK 3

568

567

.34

568

33 Jpn @ 3/M²

.00

.57

567

.64

56

.21

568

.68

567

568

REMOVE WESTRINGIA

DWG

existing contours

8 56

TAP

.88

567

.99

567

^

.16

PLANTING PLAN

.88

567

.35

568

RETAIN JUNIPER

RETAIN ALL ACER + CALLISTEMON

A

^

.15

568 TAP568.10 PAVING

.22

568

24 7 60

Relocated Plants Relocated Dieties

^

60 Wwg

.24

568

.31

568 568

568

PAVING

568

72 Jpn @ 3/M²

REV

^

.09

568

RETAIN CONVOLVULUS

.36

.24

EDGE PATH

568 .22

568

568

.29

568 .18

.24

568

.33

.04

568

RETAIN 1X CLUMP OF AGAPANTHUS

.24

568

RETAIN MYOPORUM

568 .36

568

.39

568

.57

.23

568

568

.32

568

.36 568 .27 568

.26

568

8 56

.37

568 .61

567

568

568

.29

568 .28

568

.27

17086

60 Rbl @ 3/M²

40 Jpn @ 3/M²

567

.40

.26

.28

568

VOID .30

568

567

.39

.26

568

568

.33

568

.40

568

568

568

.33

.28

.20

568

.33

568

.36

568

.60

567

568

.30

568

.25

568

.32

568 .06

568

.39

.25

.27

568

.28

568

.28

568

.30

567

^

567

568

568

.25

568

.19

567

^

567

568

RETAIN 1 X CLUMP OF AGAPANTHUS

568

1200MM MULCHED PATH THROUGH GARDEN BE AS PER SUPERINTENDENT'S INSTRUCTIONS

RETAIN MYOPORUM

.30

.02

568

^

.24

567

56

56 7 RS STAI

.04

567

567

.36

568

No.

200 mm 200 mm 200 mm

8

567

566 .15

567

.23

568

.21

Size

56

.92

566

568

.25

568

JOB

LEGEND

PLANT SCHEDULE Symbol Species Shrubs Do Daphne odora Viburnum tinus Vt Westringia 'Wynyabbie Gem' Wwg Ground Cover Cvm Convolvulus mauretanicus Juniperus procumbens nana Jpn Jsa Juniperus sabina ‘Tamariscifolia’ Rbl Rosmarinus ‘Blue Lagoon’ Tj Trachelospermum jasminoides Juniperus to match existing Ju

RETAIN existing trees

RETAIN TRACHELOSPERMUM

LANDSCAPE WORKS

DANIEL McCORMACK + CAROL LEERDAM

10M

N

RETAIN JUNIPER

PROJECT

20 HUNTER ST. YARRALUMLA

CLIENT 0 .5 1

35 RELOCATED DIETES

RETAIN AGAPANTHUS PICK UP + RELOCATE 35 NO. DIETES REMOVE MALUS

RETAIN DIETES

.30

567

.47

.40 567 .52 567

.85 .92 567 .94 567 .92 567

567

567 .26 567 .43 567

BLOCK AND UNIT BOUNDARIES HAVE NOT BEEN SURVEYED

REMOVE CORREA ALBA, CORREA GLABRA + AGAPANTHUS

.57

567

.90

.85

567

567

150 Tj @ 3/M²

568

568

.09

568

.66

567

7 Vt

.81

567

.89

567

.91

567

.25 567 .44 567 .53

567

.81

567

.49

.73

567

567

RETAIN VIBURNUM TINUS HEDGE REV. A B -

DESCRIPTION FOR REVIEW FOR TENDER -

DRAWN APPR'D JET KH KH AC -

DATE 11/01/18 14/02/18 -

DATE

SCALE @ A3

FEB 2018

1:200

Landscape Architect 16 ROBE STREET DEAKIN ACT 2600 p +61 2 6273 4661 e hhl@hhl.com.au w www.hhl.com.au

2 2.5

5

10M

LANDSCAPE WORKS

C/- JUDITH HEALY N

118

PROJECT 'LAKEVIEW' 127 HOPETOUN CIRCUIT, YARRALUMLA

CLIENT

0 .5 1

JOB

17178

DEMOLITION PLAN

REV

B

DWG

301

REV. A B -

DESCRIPTION FOR REVIEW FOR TENDER -

DRAWN APPR'D JET KH KH AC -

DATE 11/01/18 14/02/18 -

DATE

SCALE @ A3

FEB 2018

1:200

Landscape Architect 16 ROBE STREET DEAKIN ACT 2600 p +61 2 6273 4661 e hhl@hhl.com.au w www.hhl.com.au

PROJECT 'LAKEVIEW' 127 HOPETOUN CIRCUIT, YARRALUMLA

CLIENT

0 .5 1

2 2.5

Different from a preliminary sketch plan, I was asked to draft up a planting plan/landscape plan for a project. As my boss clarified that this is another part of the scope of their services, I wonder how the filing system reflects the company's scope of service.

Aps

Ajv

Ro

RAMP

592

2 Sno

Ro

5 Aam

3 Llt

3 Pco

GARDEN SHED

590

DRAWN APPR'D KH AC

'POTTING' SHED WITH KILN

5 Vhe

591

BERRIES

5no. 3.0m x 1.2m x 600mm HIGH CORRUGATED STEEL VEGETABLE GARDENS

9 Afl

2 Pse

6 Rop

3 Mfi

Tj

DESCRIPTION FOR REVIEW

2 Tli

Pgr

5 Agn

irrigated grass

13 Bmj

6 Ct 22 Ho

14 Epp

16 Rbl

Tj

Tj

Climbers

GRASS

13 Leg

Tj

Tj

Hedge 40 Jpn

45 Ho

GRASS

Tj

MASONRY RETAINING WALL

Accent Planting Ground Cover

Ajv

30 Op 5 Cja

5 Ohs

Ais

10 Cvm

5 Ajr

6 Do

Tj

RECYCLED CONCRETE MULCH

REV. A

Existing Shrubs Retained

18 Rbl

Lfn

Tj HILLS HOIST CLOTHESLINE

9 Saj

7 Ssi

12 Jpn

23 Ohs

29 Jpn

Fp Tj

telstra cable jointing pit

Mip

7 Ssi

27 Ta

Tj

CHOOK SHED / FENCE / GATE

26 Vt

retain existing kerb ramp

8 Do 2 Amo

3 Tpb

2 Tpk

9 Aam

5 Osf

7 Cja

6 Cja

3 Mys

9 Csj

JOB

5 Osf

Tj

DOCUMENTATION

PROJECT

BLK 9 SEC 27 17 EMPIRE CCT FORREST

CLIENT 7 Epp

GARRY STURGESS

10M

591

5

0

2 2.5

59

0 .5 1

589

16 ROBE STREET DEAKIN ACT 2600 p +61 2 6273 4661 e hhl@hhl.com.au w www.hhl.com.au

2

/

/

/

/ /

TREE #17

59

/

/ / /

/

/

TREE #16

/

/

/

/

/

/

4

/

AN

This is very interesting since it highlights the preliminary jobs to be set up before a landscape construction actually commences. For further pursue, I would like to ask my boss, who wrote all tree assessments on how he determines the conditions of the trees.

/

/

TREE #15

/

/

/

/

/

/

DESCRIPTION FOR REVIEW -

TREE #14

/

/

FR

/

/

REV. A -

TREE #13

/

/

6

/

/

6

2

3

/

/ /

/

/

6

/

/

/

1

/

/

19

TREE #12

/

/

/ /

7

05 - 16 FEB 2018 #2 WEEK 03 - 04

/

/

/

13

Width 12

4 7 2

/

TEMPORARY PROTECTION FENCING

/

/ /

578

REGULATED, NON-REGULATED TREES FOR RETENTION / 2m TREE PROTECTION ZONE

Height 16

Prunus cerasifera Nigra Cryptomeria japonica Phontinia glabra Rubens (Hedge) Acer palmatum Betula pendula

4 5

5

10M

LANDSCAPE WORKS

C/- JUDITH HEALY N

JOB

17178

LANDSCAPE PLAN

REV

B

DWG

302

Compared to a preliminary sketch plan, landscape plan is much more specific as all planting details are provided and quantified, with annotation to hardscape elements. A landscape specification and planting schedule is attached as part of the documentation package, which informs the contractors what to do.

DEMOLITION PLAN To commence construction, some existing plantation and hardscape elements needs to be removed for disposal, or retained for relocation. A demolition plan hightlights all preliminary jobs onto the existing plantings and materials to inform contractors on which items to remove and which to retain before installing new plants and other hardscape elements.

This directly affects the landscape design of the project as well since changes in retaining, removal plants are going to affect the numbers of plants to order for fitting into the landscape.

WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

05 - 16 FEB 2018 #2 WEEK 03 - 04 WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

PROJECT STRUCTURE/ SCOPE OF SERVICES Harris Hobbs Landscape offers three types of services: Design consultation, documentation and tree assessments.

For design consultation, sketch plans (preliminary and final) are drawn to fulfill the client's request, with a clear layout of planting and hardscape arrangements. No products, plant species, maintenance and specification shall be attached in this package. Clients have the freedom to complete their services at this stage.

In the filing systems, all sketch plans are filed under the 100 system, where level of details are limited and still have huge gaps in terms of details.

4. COMPLETION PHASE

Both documentation and tree assessments are filed under the 300 system, as they are going to be realised or based on existing conditions.

Tree assessments are carried out on-site, to determine the conditions of the trees and decide which tree to retain, or remove depending on their condition, safety hazard, development requirements and if an tree removal application have to be submitted. A tree assessment plan will be completed first, followed by a tree protection plan if construction are going to be carried out.

A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION

The other part of 300 system/ documentation is a follow up to design consultations. If client wish to acquire more detail about the design and would like to carry out the improvements on the plan, tender drawings with all specific details are drafted into a package for the client to tender the landscape works. Often landscape architects are also responsible to superintend the construction work and act as the contract administrator in a landscape peoject ,which helps to calrify and communicate construction instructions to the contractors.

B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

119

DETAILS LIBRARY As documentation works requires construction details, the company has compiled a details library that has all kinds of structure, planting and micellanous construction detail drawings.

I think this is not exactly the best pracrtice as a landscape professional because this library has not been updated for a long time, which can contain inaccurate information. Judging that majority of this company's projects are residential and small scale, this inaccuracy would not make a huge imapct as one can explain and clarify with contractors in person without any additional chain of command.

However on commercial project, this can cause additional construction complications.

IRRIGATION PLAN

IRRIGATION REFER DRAWING 301 CLIENT WILL SUPPLY AND INSTALL 13MM PVC IRRIGATION PIPE FROM EXISTING WATERING SYSTEM (SW CORNER OF OLD GARAGE) TO LOCATION A, B AND C AS WELL AS CABLING TO LOCATION OF POSSIBLE FUTURE FRONT GARDEN SOLENOID BOX.

CLIENT WILL SUPPLY AND INSTALL SOME DATA CABLING IN A TRENCH APPROX. 200MM DEEP ALONG THE SOUTH SIDE OF THE HOUSE TO EXISTING OLD GARAGE - THE END POINTS ARE MARKED X & Y ON DRWAING 301.

CLIENT WILL REQUIRE 1 DAY DURING CONSTRUCTION WHEN THE SOUTH SIDE HAS BEEN EXCAVATED PRIOR TO PAVING.

Plants requires irrigation. When landscape works are carried out, additional watering point are added to a plot. An irrigation plan is provided as part of the documentation to ensure access of irrigation point from all corners of the site when needed.

CLIENT WILL REQUIRE 1 DAY FOR ACCESS DURING CONSTRUCTION WHEN SPECIFICATION ITEMS 2.1 & 2.2 ARE COMPLETE, PRESSURE TESTED, AND WATER TO NEW PIPE IS LEFT ON. ALL TRENCHES DUE FOR THIS PLUMBING MUST BE LEFT OPEN.

MULCH GARDEN BED

PROVIDE TEE WITH STUB END FOR FUTURE SOLENOID BOX

From working on this project, I realise how important and hard it is to arrange irrigation point in a commercial project, as the doestic scale landscapes already require this level of detail. I have also taken reference of the typical notations for diagrams of water engineering.

existing contours levels

+607.30

existing trees retained

A

B

proposed trees

DRYLAND GRASS

EXISTING GRASS RETAINED

accent planting

X

stockpiled unit paving type A stockpiled unit paving type B

C

WM

dryland grass mulched garden bed

HC 3

200MM WIDE STRIP DRAIN

timber sleeper on edge stone retaining wall

EXISTING 100MM SW LINE TO KERB

2 X 90MM DIA. SW DRAINS (1 X EXISTING)

CONNECT 2 X 90MM DIA. SW LINES AND DOWNPIPE TO 100MM DIA. SW DISCHARGE POINT OVER CONCRETE APRON

NEW GATES / FENCE

609.25

609.5

4. COMPLETION PHASE

SANDSTONE RETAINING WALL

REPAIR EX. POST + RAIL FENCE - 2 OR 3 PANELS

90mm dia. AG line set below paving level

MOWING EDGE 0.5

0.0

9.75

EX. PAVING RETAINED

DATE 26/02/18 19/03/18

EX. SUMP

stockpiled block wall

DATE

SCALE @ A3 16 ROBE STREET DEAKIN ACT 2600 p +61 2 6273 4661 e hhl@hhl.com.au w www.hhl.com.au

75mm SQUARE STEEL POST. FLUSH WITH BACK OF WALL

MAR 2018

1:200

Landscape Architect

FALL

hosecock

HC

61

61

60

ex. and new SW drain

Y

EXISTING IRRIGATION SYSTEM SOLENOID CONNECT TO 25MM PVC

2600

5

609.0

608.7

608.25

608.5

DRAWN APPR'D KH AC KH AC

DESCRIPTION FOR REVIEW FOR TENDER

NEW 450MM SQUARE SUMP

INSTALL WATERPROOF MEMBRANE UNDER PAVING

CLIENT 0 .5 1

2 2.5

5

10M

GRAHAM CARTER + JILLIAN HOSKING

N

JOB

17143

PROJECT

200 DUFFY STREET AINSLIE LANDSCAPE WORKS -

PLUMBING/ IRRIGATION PLAN REV

61

EX. GRASS

B

DWG

301

0.5

24 Iun

EX. GRASS RETAINED

FFL 610.0

608.0

DRYLAND GRASS

EX. DECK +610.0

LINE OF ROOF OVER

TAP

Aps

75mm SQUARE STEEL POST, FLUSH WITH BACK OF WALL

MOWING EDGE 8 Ta

EX. CONCRETE LANDING

TIMBER SLEEPER ON EDGE GARAGE FFL 608.624

EXISTING 100MM SW LINE TO KERB

REMOVE GRASS & TRIM TO FORM LEVEL RAMP AND MARRY INTO EXISTING GRASS

EX. VEGETABLES

200MM WIDE STRIP DRAIN

STEP

12 Iun WM

STEPS 570mm WIDE TREADS WITH 15mm FALL. 6 RISERS NOM. 135mm.

(CONFIRM ON SITE AFTER DRAINAGE WORKS)

EX. WALL

EX. GARAGE / SHED 90MM STORMWATER DRAIN TO SUMP

3% FALL

TIMBER SLEEPER ON EDGE

609.5

0.25

61

9.0

60

2 X 90MM DIA. SW DRAINS (1 X EXISTING)

BANKSIA

CONNECT 2 X 90MM DIA. SW LINES AND DOWNPIPE TO 100MM DIA. SW DISCHARGE POINT OVER CONCRETE APRON

STOCKPILED STACKED BLOCK WALL 400mm HIGH C.O.S. EX. RETAINING WALL

EX. APRICOT

NEW FENCE

610.0

5 609.2

5

8.25

608.

60

5

8.7

60

GOLDEN ELM

NEW 450MM SQUARE SUMP

LEGEND

In documentation stages, design amendment can happen at any moment, even during constructions. Therefore revision to documentation drawing should be updated whenever an amendment was requested, to prepare alteration in specification and quantity of plants to be ordered.

paling fence to match existing height

existing contours

fence / gates

levels existing trees retained

Drawing on the left illustrates a landscape plan with plant schedule, and landscape specification attached in a singular drawing sheet for documentation stage.

mowing edge 230mm stockpiled unit paving type B strip drains

proposed trees

ex. and new SW drain stockpiled block wall

accent planting

LANDSCAPE PLAN TOUCHING UP

This is potentially be a very heavy workload to the draftsman depending on how extensive the amendments are, and how much time is required to update the graphics. If one spends too long in editing a particular drawing, one might miss out basic but important details that will affect construction. Therefore on touching up drawings, one should always ask for a peer check whenever possible to ensure accuracy before sending it off to the client.

FFL 609.76

2800

EX. STRIP DRAIN

HC

hosecock 90mm dia. AG line set below paving level

ground cover stone paver stockpiled unit paving type A stockpiled unit paving type B dryland grass mulched garden bed timber sleeper on edge stone retaining wall

120

2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT

fence / gates

strip drains

DESCRIPTION FOR REVIEW FOR TENDER

1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES

paling fence to match existing height

OLD GARAGE

mowing edge 230mm stockpiled unit paving type B

REV. A B

FINDINGS

3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

stone paver HC 4

PEX PIPE TO HC 4 IS HERE (BURIED)

REMOVE HC AND CAP WATER LINE

+607.30

WORK LOG

ground cover

HC 1

REV. A B

#2 WEEK 05 - 06

HC 2

LEGEND

25MM PVC H20 PIPE

19 FEB - 02 MAR 2018

DRAWN APPR'D KH AC KH AC

DATE 27/02/18 19/03/18

DATE

SCALE @ A3

MAR 2018

1:200

Landscape Architect 16 ROBE STREET DEAKIN ACT 2600 p +61 2 6273 4661 e hhl@hhl.com.au w www.hhl.com.au

PROJECT

200 DUFFY STREET AINSLIE

CLIENT 0 .5 1

2 2.5

5

10M

LANDSCAPE WORKS -

LANDSCAPE PLAN

GRAHAM CARTER + JILLIAN HOSKING

N

JOB

17143

REV

B

DWG

302

A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

UPDATING ARCHITECT'S BASE

0

615.0

614.7

0

5

614.5

5

5.2

61

LAWN

VIBURNUM TINUS HEDGE

2 NOS. ACERS

75 615.

0 5.5 61

19 FEB - 02 MAR 2018

3000 x 1000 x 600mm HIGH CORRUGATED STEEL VEGETABLE GARDEN

Ø 3100MM TRAMPOLINE ON MULCH OR ARTIFICIAL GRASS

existing contours

6.00

61

EXISTING FENCE

WORK LOG

FINDINGS 1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES

proposed trees

3000 x 1000 x 600mm HIGH CORRUGATED STEEL VEGETABLE GARDEN

LAWN

shrubs accent planting

STANDARD ACERS

COMPOST HERBS

PIZZA OVEN ACER

hedge

3X FRUIT TREES

BBQ

ground cover climbers

STONE CLAD MASONRY WALL TO HEIGHT OF BBQ

VIBURNUM TINUS HEDGE

600x300mm unit pavers 500x500mm unit pavers

ESPALIERED FRUIT TREES

300mm wide strip with round river rocks

TANK

BRAGG STREET

#2 WEEK 05 - 06

1500MM HIGH SECRET MORTAR STONE WALL WITH CLIMBERS

Due to the working structure of a collaborative project, architects often update the base without consulting landscape architects, so landscape consultants will have to update their landscape design according to the new architect's base. I found that any minor adjustment made by the Architect can results in dramatic change in landscape design, since structures are pushed behind, windows/lookout points from the house are rearrnaged, where the locaitons of point of interest in the gardens and entire planting arrangement will have to be changed .

LEGEND

FUTURE BUILDING

CLIMBERS TO STONE WALL

unit paving

LEMON TREE

ACER

exposed aggregate concrete

MASONRY LETTERBOX WALL

irrigated grass

'PARALINE' CLOTHESLINE

61

615.800

0

6.0

stone wall masonry wall FIG TREE

mulch mowing edge existing fence

SHED 1.5 X 1.5 X 2.1M

VIBURNUM TINUS HEDGE

Meter

50

615.

table setting GATE AND SECTION OF NEW FENCE TO MEET EXISTING FENCE

LARGE POT WITH PLANT

ALL WEATHER VERGOLA OVER

75

615.

3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

DESCRIPTION FOR REVIEW FOR REVIEW -

DRAWN APPR'D JET KH KH AC -

DATE 29/01/17 08/03/17 -

5 6.2 61

61 6.0 0

5 615.2

5

615.00

614.7

614.5 REV. A B -

.25

0

616

2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT

DATE

SCALE @ A3

1:200

Landscape Architect 16 ROBE STREET DEAKIN ACT 2600 p +61 2 6273 4661 e hhl@hhl.com.au w www.hhl.com.au

0 .5 1

2 2.5

5

10M

N

PROJECT

MAR 2018

6 BRAGG STREET HACKETT

CLIENT

LANDSCAPE WORKS - PRELIMINARY

SHERRON & MATT FIELDEN JOB

17226

REV

B

SKETCH PLAN

101

DWG

4. COMPLETION PHASE A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS

COMPANY PROFILE UPDATE The company should also regularly update their public company profile, including complete projects that can be publicised and awards obtained. This helps attracting clients to approach as it showcases the latest works done and provide a good reference point for clients to choose the right consultants to go to.

C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

PUBLIC ART EVENT GRAPHIC PRODUCTION AND PUBLICATION Besides landscape drawing drafting, I am also a technician to update websites and produce graphic for Contour556, a public biennale art exhibition in Canberra to promote the event through websites and social media.

An example is seen that people called into the company after looking up the company website, and decides we are the best company to approach after visting our website. However it often also backfires since people might mistaken us as gardeners or contractors.

121

05 - 23 MAR 2018 recycled concrete mulched path to vegetable garden

#2 WEEK 07 - 10

615.00

sandstone logs / retaining walls

610.00 609.00

Nandina domestica

614.00

Fig

FFL 611.35

608.00

ex. stone retaining wall

612.00

611.00

TW 611.350

shrub planting to screen fencing Viburnum tinus hedge

LEGEND

613.00

TW 613.500

+609.60

shrubs

ex. stone retaining walls

+614.150

+609.70

WORK LOG

proposed trees

+614.00

accent planting FFL 612.75

FFL 611.35

600mm wide access path evergreen shrub

3m x 1m raised vegetable gardens

FINDINGS

ground cover hedge

1A

FFL 609.75

3

FFL 614.2

2

FFL 613.15

AS BUILT DRAWING UPDATES

unit paving B unit paving A

pond

unit paving B recycled concrete mulch

tank

1B

FFL 611.40

unit paving A

clothesline

low wall 300mm above paving level

cut back section of wall and realign to driveway as shown

climbers

evergreen Callistemon ssp. screening to reserve

exposed aggregate concrete tiles on slab to match existing steps

Lomandra 'Tanika'

Garage 608.650 (Reference Level)

Exposed aggregate concrete

water spout coming out of wall

pond

+613.10 +611.35

retaining wall A

AC

retaining wall B low wall 300mm above paving level

+612.95

tank

stone wall timber screen

+612.75

TW 612.75

615.00

614.00

evergreen climbers to fence

613.00

612.00

611.00

609.00

Viburnum tinus hedge

610.00

Viburnum tinus Letterbox

This is a project that constructions have been commenced. However, significant changes have been made to the structural details from the landscape plan originally proposed. Therefore to document all design changes and the final design decisions, a new set of documentation drawings are created to record the actualy construction detail from the design proposal.

timber bench

TW 612.850

LEGEND

proposed trees

REV. A B C D E

DRAWN SK SK SK SK AC

DESCRIPTION FOR REVIEW ACCESS PATH ADDED REVISED BASE shrubs LEVELS ADDED AMENDED SITE LEVELS

APPR'D KH KH KH KH KH

DATE 28/01/15 04/02/15 20/04/15 21/04/15 23/03/18

accent planting

QI WANG + XIA DU

CLIENT

Landscape Architect 16 ROBE STREET DEAKIN ACT 2600 p +61 2 6273 4661 e hhl@hhl.com.au w www.hhl.com.au

ADDRESS

BLOCK 3 SECTION 34 LAWSON ACT 1:200 @ A3

SCALE

JOB No.

DATE

15002

MAR 2018

0

10m

PROJECT

DRAFT

WANG LAWSON RESIDENCE

TITLE

PRELIMINARY SKETCH PLAN

DRAWING No.

101

REVISION

E

N

1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES 2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT 3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS 4. COMPLETION PHASE

ground cover hedge climbers unit paving A

PLANT SCHEDULE

tile

Symbol

timber deck

exposed aggregate concrete

recycled concrete mulched path to vegetable garden

Fig supplied by Client

tiles on slab to match existing steps

timber sleeper steps

sandstone logs / retaining walls 615.00

pond retaining wall A retaining wall B

610.00

600mm wide access path

5 Css

8 Plu

TILE

9 Csh

DECK

+614.00

ex. stone retaining walls

+614.15

+609.70

TILE

FFL 611.35

Lna 28 Ta

25 Cmm

retaining wall below clothesline

FFL 612.75

basketball hoop

3m x 1m raised vegetable gardens

sump

1A

18 Agn

31 Csu

sump

DECK

+609.60

5 Csh

11 Lbu

GARDEN BED

GARDEN BED

15 Ndgs

609.00

608.00

4 x steps set out on site

612.00

TW 611.350

gate + fence by builder

ex. stone retaining wall

611.00

stone wall timber screen

613.00

TW 613.500

614.00

steps - unit paving B

low wall 300mm above paving level

9 Nd

FFL 609.75

2 Nd

double GPO + UV filter

5 Ndgs

3

Ase 5 Gps

FFL 614.2

Lna

pond

cut back section of wall and realign to driveway as shown

30 Ndgs 28 Llt

2

FFL 611.40

tank

1B

FFL 613.15

19 Cvm Garage 608.650 (Reference Level)

TW 612.850

5 Do

+613.10

KJ 16 Jpn

REV. A B C D

122

DESCRIPTION FOR REVIEW REVISED POND DETAIL FOR APPROVAL AMENDED SITE LEVELS

DRAWN SK SK SK AC

APPR'D KH KH KH KH

DATE 02/06/15 15/06/15 18/06/15 23/03/18

GARDEN BED

Tj

Tj

Tj

Tj

Tj

Tj

?? Vt

11 Csh

Tj

TW 612.75

614.00

Tj gate + fence by builder

Tj

613.00

Tj

+612.95

+612.75

Tj

612.00

2 Nd

KJ

611.00

9 Vt

609.00

Letterbox

TW 612.75

tank

KJ KJ

610.00

Lna

9 Nd

AC

6 Nd

+611.35

Pco

Lab

DECK

water spout coming out of wall to match height of ex. wall ≈615.1 (refer detail)

sump

615.00

Exposed aggregate concrete

Species

Trees Ajv Apa Ase Ais

recycled concrete mulch

Size

No.

Acs Cfa Lab Lna Mso

Acer japonicum 'Vitifolium' 100 litre Acer palmatum 100 litre Acer palmatum 'Seiryu' 100 litre Acer palmatum Dissectum 'Inabe Shida Shidare' (weeping standard) trunk height 800mm above ground level Acer platanoides 'Crimson Sentry' 100 litre Cornus florida alba 100 litre Lagerstoemia indica x L. fauriei 'Biloxi' 100 litre Lagerstoemia indica x L. fauriei 'Natchez' 100 litre Magnolia soulangeana 100 litre

2 1 1

1 1 1 1 3 1

Shrubs Agn Aam Aku Csh Css Do Hbu La Ohs Osf Plu Tpb Vt Cmm Csu Lbu

Abelia grandiflora nana Azalea 'Alba Magna' Azalea 'Kurume' deep pink Camellia sasanqua Hiryu Camellia sasanqua 'Settsugekka' Daphne odora Hebe buxifolia Lavandula augustifolia Osmanthus 'Heaven Sent' Osmanthus x fortunei Prunus lusitanica Tree Peony 'Black Panther' Viburnum tinus Callistemon 'Mauve Mist' Callistemon subulatus Leptospermum 'Burgundy'

200 mm 140 mm 140 mm 200 mm 200 mm 200 mm 200 mm 140 mm 200 mm 200 mm 200 mm 200 mm 200 mm 140 mm 140 mm 200 mm

18 19 10 25 8 5 6 18 4 7 8 2 27 25 31 11

Accent Planting Bak Lmu Nd Ndgs Llt

Bambusa Alphonse Karr Liriope muscari Nandina domestica Nandina domestica 'Gulf Stream' Lomandra longifolia 'Tanika'

200 mm 140 mm 200 mm 140 mm 140 mm

10 13 28 50 40

Ground Cover Cvm Gps Ho Hon Jpn Op Rbl Ta

Convolvulus mauretanicus Geranium 'Pink Spice' Helleborus orientalis alba Helleborus orientalis nigrens Juniperus procumbens nana Ophiopogon Rosemary 'Blue Lagoon' Trachelospermum asiaticum

140 mm 140 mm 140 mm 140 mm 140 mm 140 mm 140 mm 140 mm

28 5 20 12 22 20 14 44

Climbers Tj

Trachelospermum jasminoides

140 mm

12

B. DESIGN DECISIONS

Water Plants Pco Pontederia cordata bagged up in approx 400mm diameter bag Contact Laurie Cullen proplantsupplies@bigpond.com 0423 837 836

Landscape Architect 16 ROBE STREET DEAKIN ACT 2600 p +61 2 6273 4661 e hhl@hhl.com.au w www.hhl.com.au

CLIENT

QI WANG + XIA DU

JOB No.

ADDRESS

BLOCK 3 SECTION 34 LAWSON ACT

DATE

SCALE

1:200 @ A3

0

15002

MAR 2018 10m

PROJECT

WANG LAWSON RESIDENCE

TITLE

LANDSCAPE PLAN

DRAWING No.

301

REVISION

D

A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION

N

C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

05 - 23 MAR 2018 °

103

28°

#2 WEEK 07 - 10

150≈

1862 450

450

150≈ 450

1862

150≈

450

804

804

50

FRONT STEEL SHROUD NOT SHOWN FOR CLARITY

EX. CONCRETE SLAB

EX. CONCRETE SLAB

SEAT 1:SEAT RECLINED SEATING DETAIL SETION - STEEL FRAME + TIMBER BOARDSSEAT 1 (S1) LOUNGE SEAT SEAT 1: RECLINED SEATING SECTION / ELEVATION - STEEL FRAME + TIMBER BOARDS 1 (S1) LOUNGE SEAT WITH BACK - SECTION / DETAIL WITH BACK - ELEVATION (2NO. PER BAY) SCALE 1:10 @ A1

ENTRY

ENTRY BUILDING 6 NEW EXTENSION

SCALE 1:10 @ A1

1500 850 1200

4000

2. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT

S2

S2

S1 S1

S2

TERRACE

S1 S1

S1 S1 564

FELLOWS ROAD

1,PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT, ETHICS, AND VALUES

400

FINDINGS

°

103

10

109

15°

WORK LOG

566.00

S3 566.00

3. ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

ICV

565.60 RA M

P

460

460

566.26

566.20

565

565.60

566.40

566.26

565

ENTRY

10

STEPS

5°

940

0°

10

566.26

410

420

4. COMPLETION PHASE

565.80 565.60

S2

S2

565.60

480

ENTRY

75

°

360

S3

EX. CONCRETE SLAB

A. GRAPHIC MANIPULATION B. DESIGN DECISIONS

SEAT 3: RECLINED SEATING DETAIL SECTION - STEEL FRAME + TIMBER BOARDS

SEAT 2 (S2) LOUNGE SEAT WITH BACK - SECTION / DETAIL SCALE 1:10 @ A1

SEAT 3 (S3) SEAT WITH STEEL FRAME- SECTION / DETAIL SCALE 1:10 @ A1

DETAIL AND FURNITURE DESIGN REV. A B C

DESCRIPTION FOR REVIEW FOR REVIEW FOR REVIEW

DRAWN JET JET AC

APPR'D NH NH NH

DATE 19/01/18 31/01/18 22/03/18

DATE

SCALE

1:200

Landscape Architect

PROJECT

MAR 2018

ANU LAW FACULTY

CLIENT

LANDSCAPE WORKS

I got a chance to work on deisgning and assist the graphic production of a series of outdoor furniture designed specifically for an university development.

It is very useful for GMB DETAILS 2 OF 2 me as it hightlights the underground constructure of fixated outdoor furniture, which can also be used in United Kingdom due to the similar climate. Also I have learnt that a 16090 309 C ergonomical chair should have a leaning angle of 95-115 degrees from sitting surface. ..\..\02_LOGOS\Shaw-Building-Group.jpg

Guida Moseley Brown Architects

C.ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES

KEY PLAN SCALE 1:500 @ A1

16 ROBE STREET DEAKIN ACT 2600 p +61 2 6273 4661 e hhl@hhl.com.au w www.hhl.com.au

0 1 2

5

10

20M

N

JOB

REV

DWG

123

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• Urban (2017). Urban Redevelopment Authority. [online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_Redevelopment_Authority [Accessed 23 Sep. 2017].

• En.wikipedia.org.

Beyond (2017).

Neighbourhood guide: Tiong Bahru. [online] Singapore n Beyond. Available at: https://www.singaporenbeyond.com/neighbourhood-guide-tiong-bahru/ [Accessed 25 Sep. 2017].

• En.wikipedia.org. (2017). Tiong Bahru.

Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiong_Bahru [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017].

• McKenna, S. and McKenna, S. (2017). [online] Singaporean paradise tourists forgot. [online] Traveller. Available at: http://www.traveller.com.au/tiong-bahru-singapores-laidback-secret-gp534r [Accessed 30 Sep. 2017].

• Visitsingapore.com. (2017). Best of Tiong [online] Available at: http://www.visitsingapore.com/en_au/walking-tour/culture/in-the-neighbourhood-tiong-bahru/ [Accessed 27 Sep. 2017].

• National Parks Board. (2017). Tiong BahruBahru. [online] Available at: https://www.nparks.gov.sg/gardens-parks-and-nature/parks-and-nature-reserves/tiong-bahru-park [Accessed 29 Sep. 2017].

• En.wikipedia.org. (2017). Tiong Bahru Park.Park. [online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiong_Bahru_Park [Accessed 28 Sep. 2017].

• Ura.gov.sg. (2017). Walk And Cycle Singapore Park Connector Network. [online] Available at: https://www.ura.gov.sg/ms/walkandcycle/about/pcn [Accessed 28 Sep. 2017].

• Base. (2017). Eden in Iraq. [online] Available at:- https://www.designsingapore.org/modules/events/eden-in-iraq [Accessed 10 Oct. 2017].

• Urban Redevelopment Authority. (2018). Urban Redevelopment Authority. [online] Available at: https://www.ura.gov.sg/Corporate/Planning/Concept-Plan/Land-Use-Plan [Accessed 15 Apr. 2018].

• PICTURES/IMAGES • E-flux.com. (2017). Danh Vo: Ng Teng Fong Roof Garden commission - Announcements - e-flux. [online] Available at: http://www.e-flux.com/announcements/76573/danh-vo-ng-teng-fong-roof-garden-commission/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017].

(2017). / rooftop. [online] Available at: https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/429601251938455039/?autologin=true [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017].

• Pinterest.

Redevelopment Authority. (2017). Urban Redevelopment Authority. [online] Available at: https://www.ura.gov.sg/Corporate/ [Accessed 22 Sep. 2017].

• Urban C. (2017). 5 rental units near Tiong Bahru for $3K (or less) per month - 99.co. [online] 99.co. Available at: https://www.99.co/blog/singapore/rental-units-tiong-bahru-3k-less/ [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017].

• Foo, (2017). Neighbourhood guide: Tiong Bahru. [online] Singapore n Beyond. Available at: https://www.singaporenbeyond.com/neighbourhood-guide-tiong-bahru/ [Accessed 25 Sep. 2017].

• Beyond • Urbis.com.hk. (2017). Urbis Limited - Planning, Urban Design, Landscape, Golf & Environmental Consultants. [online] Available at: http://www.urbis.com.hk/mobile/en/projects/detail.php?category=13&id=30 [Accessed 27 Sep. 2017].

Parks Board. (2017). Tiong Bahru Park. [online] Available at: https://www.nparks.gov.sg/gardens-parks-and-nature/parks-and-nature-reserves/tiong-bahru-park [Accessed 29 Sep. 2017].

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• Ura.gov.sg.

(2018). / rooftop. [online] Available at: https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/429601251938455039/?autologin=true [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017].

• Pinterest.

• ArchDaily. (2017). Gallery of Alila Villas Uluwatu / WOHA - 10. [online] Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/59740/alila-villas-uluwatu-woha/alila-villas-uluwatu [Accessed 9 Oct. 2017].Expedia.com.au. (2017). PARKROYAL on

• •

Pickering (Singapore, SGP) | Expedia.com.au. [online] Available at: https://www.expedia.com.au/Singapore-Hotels-PARKROYAL-On-Pickering.h5400381.Hotel-Information [Accessed 9 Oct. 2017].Thelollychase.com. (2017).

Staycation Singapore – A Review of Club Lounge Rooms at Oasia Downtown Hotel. [online] Available at: https://thelollychase.com/2017/07/19/staycation-in-singapore-a-review-of-club-lounge-rooms-at-oasia-downtown-hotel/ [Accessed 11 Oct. 2017].

Expedia.com.au. (2017). PARKROYAL on Pickering (Singapore, SGP) | Expedia.com.au. [online] Available at: https://www.expedia.com.au/Singapore-Hotels-PARKROYAL-On-Pickering.h5400381.Hotel-Information [Accessed 9 Oct. 2017].

Gardens, S. (2018). Singapore Botanic Gardens editorial photography. Image of plant - 60555432. [online] Dreamstime.com. Available at: https://www.dreamstime.com/editorial-photography-singapore-botanic-gardens-octoberhectare-botanical-garden-image60555432 [Accessed 15 Apr. 2018].