This booklet contains a proposal for the Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio Urban Design Studio C 2019 Studio leaders: Prof. Kim Dovey & Matthijs Van Oostrum Proposal by: Audrey Leonore Lopez #935419
temporary tactical guerilla austerity cheap pop-up spontaneous do-it-yourself urbanism
Studio Study Area
4 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
readings cases capacity mapping design
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 5
Insurgent Public Space Guerrilla Urbanism and the Remaking of Contemporary Cities Jeffrey Hou (2012) An insurgent public space, in essence is the opposition to the formal meaning of the public space that is regulated, controlled and maintained by the state. The book contains different stories from various authors ranging from architects to planners, community organisers to artists who have had a firsthand experience of the burgeoning public space insurgence in their cities. These stories are then grouped according to the main intent that is highlighted by these guerrilla urban practices, namely, Appropriating, Reclaiming, Pluralising, Transgressing, and Uncovering. Elaborating on these purposes, appropriating is when the citizens repurposed existing public spaces to their fitting. Reclaiming is the adaptation and reuse of abandoned or underutilised spaces, Pluralising is the way people from the same ethnic background make the public space inclusive by transforming the functions of the spaces to appropriate their social and cultural activities. Transgressing, where it starts to be more aggressive as of them, means triggering legalities with such interventions that blurs the boundaries between private and public. Uncovering or the rediscovery of a public space in the existing urban fabric and last but not the least, Contesting, which is basically in any form, the reclaiming of rights to the public realm. The book preludes with the evolution of public space and how overtime its meaning in the city changed. It’s interesting to see that the cases presented here are not always in a western setting but rather in the eastern world but on more formal cities as described here, like Japan, Hongkong and Taiwan. For me, this gave a renewed understanding that there has always been a resistance to the public space whenever it is not how the citizens feel like it, and even in very small ways of laying a mat in the middle of an open space of a private building.
Source: Hou, J. (ed) (2010) Insurgent Public Space, Routledge, New York
6 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
Austerity urbanism and the makeshift city Fran Tonkiss (2013) The paper is by Fran Tonkiss, a spatial theorist and professor of Sociology from the London School of Economics. It is written in the context of post-crisis Europe, where austerity, or cut down on public expenditure due to economic difficulties, was evident and gave rise to makeshift urban interventions in the cracks left by crisis-stricken European cities The literature is sectioned into four parts The first part runs through on how the policies and planning systems in the context of austerity enables different kinds of austerity urbanism – enabled in the sense that it promoted, permitted or prohibited them. Four approaches of policy and planning model are identified in relation to this, namely, positive, permissive, proscription, and abandonment. Positive model provides conditions for interim projects through legal, property and policy measures. Community Land Trusts, co-operatives, cheap leases of public land are some of the examples in this model. Permissive model, on the other hand, doesn’t necessarily enable them but doesn’t also stop them, so it relies more on self-organisation. Third is the proscription model wherein over-planning left no space for any intervention and last but not the least, abandonment model, meaning the government have given up on an urban territory. The second part, then goes to identify two types of interstitial urbanism; it is either a seedbed or a sell-out. The former is how persistent and inventive urban practices makes its way through the cracks of the cities by working both and against the inconsistencies and the latter is where interventions such as these tend to be used by developers to valorise or increase the value of these terrain vagues. This goes to show there is fine line for this kind of interventions to be either a seedbed or a sell-out. The third section is about the issues of time, use and value on these vacant sites and in this part the author states that “there is no such thing as an ‘end-user’: there are only users over time.” Again, something to consider when dealing with the time scale. The fourth and last section, the author closes on the idea of the ‘possible city’ where design involves not only physical interventions in space, but a re-making of space in time, or rather underused time. The literature is a pretty straightforward reading. It is not too theoretical though sometimes the author uses economic terminologies and excerpts from French authors but nothing that is not searchable online or that doesn’t justify the idea or thoughts being expressed. Lastly, it also discusses some examples of urban interventions as part of the narrative rather than as separate case studies.
Source: Tonkiss, F. (2013) ‘Austerity Urbanism and the Makeshift City’, City, 17 (3): 313-24.
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 7
Is “Tactical Urbanism” an Alternative to Neoliberal Urbanism? Neil Brenner (2015) The essay is a response and a critic to the exhibit of MoMA called Uneven Growth. The exhibit portrays the potentials of tactical urbanism as an urban design intervention geared to social justice in six contemporary mega cities. Various urban theorists contribute to the catalogue of the exhibition to help frame tactical urbanism. Recurring ideas defining tactical urbanism emerged: tactical urbanism is a response to a broader governance crisis where both the states and the markets have failed; is not a uniform intervention but rather a broad range of projects; usually mobilised from below as it lies outside any formal control by an institution; as “acupunctural” modes of intervention and generally promoting grassroots, participatory, and DIY or other words, an open source model of urban space reappropriation. The author further discusses the complex relationship of the contradiction and similarities that arise between tactical urbanism and neoliberal urbanism. Both forms enable private actors and organisations in commodifying urban spaces though the former has a tendency to promote “urban profit for the few.” In the train of thought, tactical urbanism tend swing to the same issue with neoliberalism when there’s difficulty in large scaling and creating longer-term impacts. In this essay, the author also criticised the projects proposed in the exhibition for some proposals lack resemblance of the practices of tactical urbanism, that is acupunctural, participatory and open-sourced. These projects are too large of a scale that they probably happen through assistance from higher authorities and others are tactical but still lead reflect neoliberalism. Only few projects according to the author seem to have directly responded the criteria of the exhibition.
Source: Brenner, N (2015) ‘Is ‘Tactical Urbanism’ an Alternative to Neoliberal Urbanism?’, Post, http://bit.ly/1D0lvoP
8 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
Tactical Urbanism: The New Vernacular of the Creative City Oli Mould (2014) In this article, the author argues on how Tactical Urbanism, whose origin is about citizen-oriented activism, turned into a neoliberal agenda by the government through urban policies branded under the “creative city” concept. Tactical Urbanism in this sense have become more vulnerable to be used as superficial, intermediate response to the underdeveloped parts of a city through urban policies. The article is divided into two sections. The first part summarises the history of Tactical Urbanism, its etymology and how the meaning of it evolved over time. Focusing on the origin of the term “Tactical Urbanism”, the author elaborates how the diverse set of activities under the terminologies “‘insurgent’, ‘do-it-yourself’(DIY), ‘guerrilla’, ‘everyday’, ‘participatory’ and/ or ‘grassroots’ urbanism” have been popularised into an umbrella term “tactical urbanism” by Mike Lydon of Streets Plan Collaborative. In return, the process reduced the meaning of TU to solely be instigated by the trends brought by recession, shifting demographics and Internet dominance considering that activities such as these have long been part of history. The next part focuses then on how this change of meaning on tactical urbanism devolved to only as ‘urbanism’ and lose the ‘tactical-ness’ especially how it is used as a political agenda by the government to promote neoliberal urban developments or regeneration under the slogan of the “creative city.” Overall, the author’s argument reflects the fine line between tactical urbanism and the neoliberal urbanism and undeniably, is problematic as it divorces to the main ethos of Tactical Urbanism and have become a tool and justification for state-led gentrification. The literature is a pretty straightforward reading. It is not too theoretical though sometimes the author uses economic terminologies and excerpts from French authors but nothing that is not searchable online or that doesn’t justify the idea or thoughts being expressed. Lastly, it also discusses some examples of urban interventions as part of the narrative rather than as separate case studies.
Source: Mould, O. (2014) ’Tactical Urbanism: The new vernacular of the creative city’, Geography Compass, Volume 8 (8): 529-539
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 9
Gangsta Gardening South Central Los Angeles, USA Timeline
2013-Present
Intent
Fight food desert Provide access to fresh produce in the neighbourhood
Mechanism Growing own food on the parkways (verge) in front of the houses and the residents do the upkeep Influenced an LA ordinance to allow planting of edible plants on parkways in residential zones Proponent
Ron Finley, LA Green Grounds
Source: https://archpaper.com/2010/11/new-york-expands-pop-up-cafe-program-in-2011/ https://annabrones.com/2010/09/15/parking-space-turned-cafe/
WHAT (FORMS)
HOW (OPERATIONS)
WHEN (CYCLES)
WHERE (CONTEXTS)
WHY (ACTIVITY)
plants
modify
year(s)
nature strip
protest/debate
trees
cover
permanent
vacant lot
meet
occupy
10 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
eat
Pop-Up Cafes New York, USA Timeline
2013-Present
Intent
Cramped sidewalks and no space for outdoor seating To increase public space and help promote businesses
Mechanism Adjacent businesses sponsor the spaces (design, construction and maintenance) City’s transport department provides technical assistance Proponent
NY Department of Transport
Source: https://popupcity.net/shift-shop-helps-local-entrepreneurs-kickstart-their-business/ https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/ex/sustainablecitiescollective/collective-approach-local-entrepreneurship/129171/ https://mamalouise.nl/initiatieven/wisselwinkel/over-de-wisselwinkel
WHAT (FORMS)
HOW (OPERATIONS)
seats
attach
surface
modify
plants
occupy
WHEN (CYCLES) season
WHERE (CONTEXTS)
WHY (ACTIVITY)
roadway
meet
sidewalk
eat/drink buy/sell create Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 11
The Pallet Pavillion Christchurch, New Zealand Timeline
201-2014
Intent
Provide a community and venue space for small to medium activities Fill in the gaps created by the vacancies after the 2010 earthquake
Mechanism Initiated by creatives and land lent by the council Sponsored materials and labour Retained for a year more than the initial six weeks through public refinancing Proponent
Gap Filler, later: businesses and residents
Source: https://gapfiller.org.nz/project/pallet-pavilion/ http://www.creativespaces.net.au/case-studies/gap-filler-nz-pallet-pavilion
WHAT (FORMS)
HOW (OPERATIONS)
WHEN (CYCLES)
vacant lot
WHY (ACTIVITY)
enclosure
enclose
seats
construct
remember
stage
occupy
meet
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year(s)
WHERE (CONTEXTS)
perform
College Square Croydon, London, UK Timeline
2018-present
Intent
Activate key regeneration areas through public installations
Mechanism Steel-frame archways containing reconfigurable blocks bookends the plaza. The reconfigurable blocks can be used for sitting, gathering and even as ramps for skateboarding. A ‘kit of parts’ is produced for occupying vacant spaces for revitalisation Proponent
Meanwhile Croydon by Croydon Council, CSM Students
Source: https://www.dezeen.com/2018/07/25/croydon-street-furniture-fiona-hartley-ellie-fox-johnson-london-architecture/ https://the-dots.com/projects/college-square-croydon-2018-269652 http://news.croydon.gov.uk/colourful-new-civic-space-to-be-launched-in-croydon-town-centre/
WHAT (FORMS)
HOW (OPERATIONS)
enclosure
add
seat
modify
WHEN (CYCLES) year(s)
WHERE (CONTEXTS) plaza
WHY (ACTIVITY) relax meet
stair
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 13
De Ceuvel
Polluted land turned temporary workspace Buiksloterham, Amsterdam, Netherlands Timeline
2013-present, 10-year lease
Intent
Promote a circular way of life and regenerate the toxic-polluted, vacant land Provide a workplace for creative and social enterprises
Mechanism A group of architects won a tender to lease the plot for ten years to regenerate a former shipyard Mobility and reuse were the key concepts; they use old houseboats, retrofitted with closed-loop technologies Phytoremediation techniques to decontaminate the polluted land Proponent
ATE TIV AC
Space&matter, Smeelearchitecture, Jeroen Apers architect, Marcel van Wees, Metabolic, DELVA Landscape Architects & Bureau Fonkel, Studio Valkenier, Waterloft
NERATE GE RE
Source: http://www.spaceandmatter.nl/de-ceuvel http://deceuvel.nl/en/about/general-information/
WHAT (FORMS)
HOW (OPERATIONS)
vehicle
attach
plants
cover
WHEN (CYCLES) year(s)
WHERE (CONTEXTS)
WHY (ACTIVITY)
waterfront
meet
vacant lot
eat/drink
recycle
buy/sell
occupy
work
14 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
Prinzessinnengärten Mobile urban garden Van der Pekstraat, Amsterdam Noord, Netherlands Timeline
2009-present (99-year lease)
Intent
Turn a wasteland into an urban garden and address the negative impact of vacant land and buildings to the neighbourhood Introduce gardening as a social cohesion activity for the residents
Mechanism Due to the uncertainty of use of the land (initially one-year lease only), the organisers used baker’s crates, rice sacks and cardboard boxes to serve as garden and ensure mobility Shipping containers are also used for the ‘buildings’ of the kitchen, café and event space in the site Proponent
Nomadisch Grün (Nomadic Green), Robert Shaw and Marco Clausen
Source: https://prinzessinnengarten.net/ https://www.facebook.com/472584390102/photos/d41d8cd9/10161393464170103/ https:// hiveminer.com/User/prinzessinnengarten
WHAT (FORMS)
HOW (OPERATIONS)
WHEN (CYCLES) year
WHERE (CONTEXTS) vacant lot
WHY (ACTIVITY)
plants
enclose
perform
container
cover
eat/drink
occupy
learn
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 15
Book Stop 2
Micro library | Public | Event Space Manila, Philippines Timeline
2017-present, the initial library opened since 2016
Intent
Rethink the role and importance of libraries in the public spaces
Mechanism —A structure for keeping books and reading books —The stair-like structure is also multipurposely used for events such as open mic poetry, blind dates with a book and local community programs Proponent
The Book Stop Project (non-profit organisation), WTA Architecture and Design Studio (creative partner)
Source: https://www.facebook.com/TheBookStopPH/ https://www.wtadesignstudio.com/thebookstop
WHAT (FORMS) stair
HOW (OPERATIONS)
WHEN (CYCLES)
occupy
seats books
month
WHERE (CONTEXTS)
WHY (ACTIVITY)
park
perform
plaza
meet debate learn
16 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
Wisselwinkel Van der Pekstraat, Amsterdam Noord, Netherlands Timeline
2013-Present
Intent
Provide a flexible space for crafts, invisible entrepreneurs and start-ups Strengthen community ties and offer opportunities for entrepreneurial residents of the neighborhood to earn income
Mechanism A storefront is converted to a flexible space to accommodate different types of business T
AN
C VA
Start-up local entrepreneurs are given six months to experiment with their business in the shop and after that period, assistance is given if they chose to permanently setup a shop in the neighbourhood Proponent
OPEN
SIX MONTHS
Mama Louise Foundation, MOS Collectief, Waarmakers
Source: https://popupcity.net/shift-shop-helps-local-entrepreneurs-kickstart-their-business/ https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/ex/sustainablecitiescollective/collective-approach-local-entrepreneurship/129171/ https://mamalouise.nl/initiatieven/wisselwinkel/over-de-wisselwinkel
NEIGHBOURHOOD
WHAT (FORMS) enclosure
HOW (OPERATIONS) occupy
WHEN (CYCLES) month
WHERE (CONTEXTS)
WHY (ACTIVITY)
interface
buy/sell
vacant building
eat/drink
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 17
Floating Ballast Seed Garden
Seeds of Change: A Floating Ballast Seed Garden Water near Castle Park, Bristol, UK Timeline
2012 - 2016
Intent
Re-establish the history of ballast flora and the city’s trade and maritime past
Mechanism Utilised a disused grain barge to create a garden populated with a variety of nonnative plants Programs were organised with scientists, artists, musicians, preformers and writers Story-telling events, school tours, planting days and boat tours were conducted; also served as community and events space Proponent
Maria Thereza Alves (artist), University of Bristol Botanic Garden and Bristol City Council, Arnolfini Gallery
Source: http://www.mariatherezaalves.org/works/seeds-of-change-a-floating-ballast-seed-garden?c=16 https://twitter.com/search?f=tweets&q=%23ballastseed&src=hash https://polimekanos.com/bristol-city-council/seeds-change-floating-ballast-seed-garden/ https://www.arnolfini.org.uk/learning/projects/seeds-of-change/ballastseedgarden
WHAT (FORMS) plants
HOW (OPERATIONS)
WHEN (CYCLES)
attach modify
year
WHERE (CONTEXTS) barge
WHY (ACTIVITY) perform remember learn
18 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
readings cases capacity mapping design
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 19
street furniture - things
greening - planting
pop-ups - enclosures
ground surfaces
interface adaptations
key map
SITE 8 20 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
S
0
500m
legends bus stop tram stop/train platform shop interface street furniture - things greening - planting pop-ups - enclosures ground surfaces interface adaptations
adaptation map Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 21
greenspace permanent
periodic
carspace permanent
periodic
pedestrian space permanent
periodic
laneway
interface
vacant
key map
SITE 8 22 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
P
0
500m
periodic
permanent
legends
greenspace carspace pedestrian space laneway interface vacant
capacity map Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 23
24 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
readings cases capacity mapping design
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 25
about Pop-up railway cinema! Located next to Victoria Park Station, Collingwood The pop-up railway cinema takes place on an underutilised rail reserve on the northwest exit of Victoria Park Station. Currently, the underutilised land and the blank interface of an office factory building make an unpleasing built environment for the train users. The 120-m long stretch of land is impermeable on both sides because of the elevated railway on the east and the blank wall and fences on the west. The land is also periodically utilised for excess cars when the parking lots are full. (See image 1 next page) The purpose of the temporary intervention is to interrupt the usual uneventful pedestrian traffic flow with the insertion of the railway cinema. The intervention will create an interesting
walk for the people using the train station. Train users can also view the cinema from the platform and passer-by’s can get a glimpse. Other activities can possibly be hosted in the place such as performances, festivals, or simply as relaxation space. It can also provide live feed of the AFL games during the football season. In the long run, the pop-up railway cinema is envisioned to be an attractor for other temporary/tactical interventions for the neighbourhood. The intervention may serve as precedent in activating leftover land created by infrastructures such as railways or highways.
analysis user flow A public life survey was conducted in the area next to the northwest exit of Victoria Park Station and to the pedestrian tunnel adjacent to it. The survey was conducted to understand pedestrian flow during peak and non-peak hours, the mode of travel (walking/cycling), the number of trains arriving, people using this train station for departure and arrival as well as number of passer-by’s going through the pedestrian tunnel.
pedestrian tunnel
TUNNEL
NORTHWEST ENTRY/EXIT
Non-peak
Non-peak
Departure 11
Walking 13
Arrival 5
Cycling 4
Peak
Peak
Departure 4
Walking 36
Arrival
Cycling 10
44
railway sidewalk
TRAIN FREQUENCY 2 every 10 minutes 26 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
platform waiting area
VICRAIL PROPERTY LINE
TO MERNDA / HURSTBRIDGE
HODDLE STREET BUS STOP PEDESTRIAN CROSSING TO COLLINGWOOD RESIDENTIAL AREA
FARESHARE KITCHEN GARDEN
LULIE STREET
HODDLE STREET
VICTORIA PARK
TURNER STREET NORTHEAST ENTRY/EXIT NORTHWEST ENTRY/EXIT SOUTHWEST ENTRY/EXIT
SOUTHEAST ENTRY/EXIT
LT. TURNER STREET
JOHNSTON STREET BUS STOP 0
5
JOHNSTON STREET
25 M
TO MELBOURNE CBD
attractor
entry/exit
train user flow
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 27
site photos
28 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
(Top) Existing condition of the subject site. (Left-Right) View of the subject site from the train platform, a woman viewing the public poster of the project, and the public poster.
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 29
proposal The pop-up cinema maximises the 13-m wide land as seating area and the blank interface of the factory as screen wall. In the succeeding stages of the intervention, the cinema’s seating area will expand to the slope of the elevated railway and will later be connected by an amphitheatre-stairs that connects the platform directly to the cinema.
mechanism WHAT
HOW
WHEN
WHERE
WHY
(FORMS)
(OPERATIONS)
(CYCLES)
(CONTEXTS)
(ACTIVITY)
seats
project
evening
vacant lot
eat/drink
sound/light/image
cover
season
occupy
day
blank wall sidewalk railway
look watch relax
diagrammatic thinking
30 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
implementation location acquisition •
setting
lease land from metro through the Metro Site Access program
1. turf and equipment are to be lend by council 2. residents will source out first set of beach chairs
proponents
3. films will either be acquired through lending from video stores; live fee of AFL games through it’s association
•
students
•
council
•
YOU! (interested citizens)
•
other parties
4. permission of using the wall from the adjacent warehouse office 5. nearby bars can host and set up drinks and snacks stalls during the show
objects
beach chairs
turf
projector
paint
spandex screen
sound system
staging 01 Preliminary occupation of the test site by covering the land with turf, installing spandex screen on the wall, using portable screen projector, removing low fence, and painting over the sidewalk as identifier of the cinema zone.
02
03
Furnishing of the amphitheatre stair and removal of the platform railing next to it to provide direct access to cinema. Projector will be installed and stored in the amphitheatre stair.
Removal or reconfiguration of the high fence and extension of cinema zone to the slope created by the elevated railway. Projector is now temporarily attached below the platform.
feedback During Week 11, the studio conducted an on-site crit of the proposals and posters for public comments were put up on each site to know what are the response of the community and users if the project is implemented. The feedback/s received will be considered for the actual implementation of the proposal. On the right is an excerpt of a public feedback:
The open cinema idea sounds great. it’s something the people in Melbourne are familiar with but not at such a local scale, so it would be interesting to see how people respond to the idea. There is a significant interface with the rail assets due to the proximity to the railway line and station. I am not sure if there are rail services running beneath or whether Metro would require 24 hours access to that location. It would be something to discuss with Metro, but only if this project was actually going to happen. Also, although the area is quite run down, Metro will surely raise a whole bunch of other issues: • how will the cinema lighting affect train drivers? • how will you undertake crowd control and emergency procedures? • who will clean up afterwards?
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 31
scenarios Multiple other scenarios are envisioned that can happen to the proposal. This is to reflect a non-trajectory outcome for the intervention and in recognition of the reality that the project can be a success or a failure. Success of the project may also not lead to the expansion of the popup railway cinema, but rather give way for other temporary/tactical uses or semi-permanent occupation to be implemented on the area. Either way, this will help activate the previously underutilised land.
1_ The underutilised land along the railway and the long expanse of blank interface from the office factory building make an unpleasing and dull environment for the train users.
3a
0
1
2a
3b
2b
3c
Framework adapted from “The Flexible City� by Bergevoet, T., & Van Tuijl, M. (2016). The Flexible City: Sustainable Solutions for a Europe in Transition. Nai010 Publishers.
32 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
2_ A pop-up railway cinema is setup to activate the land. The temporary intervention creates a livelier and safer environment not only for the train users but also to the residents in the area.
4a_ The pop-up railway cinema becomes a main attractor to other temporary activities. Community residents and train users utilises the area for open-air markets, dining, play, etc.
3a_ Temporary intervention well received by the public train authorities, allows expansion through reconfiguration of fences and connection with the platform allows retention for three more months.
4b_ The land is adapted to another temporary to semi-permanent use meeting the changing demand in the area, for example, a pop-up office for creative people.
3b_TTemporary intervention put down due to legal conflict with the authorities or due to lack of popularity from residents, and train users.
4c_ Office factory owner decides to open up a cafĂŠ on that side since the market is already there.
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 33
scenarios scenario 4a
D/N
D/N
D/N
cinema hub
stairplay* porta-playground D/N
D/N
D/N
tennis court/wall
skate park
The Pop-up Railway Cinema is envisioned to kickstart other temporary/tactical urban interventions that could maximise this underutilised railway land. In the scenario presented here, beside the open-air cinema, a skate park, tennis wall and climbing wall are set up on the southern end, all utilising the blank interface of the warehouse. On the other end, open-air markets, portable playgrounds and take-away cafe can be set up to provide more variety in activities.
34 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
climbing wall
am
outdoor cinema
D/N
mobile cafe
garden crates
D/N D/N
flip benches
open-air market
mphitheatre seats
a
6.9
cti
se on
17-36˚
13.0
3.7
6.0 6.9
17-36˚
13.0
3.7
Adapted from Charlotte Miller’s T/T proposal D/N
Day or night use possible
6.0
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 35
after intervention
before intervention
36 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 37
Source: MUD Studio Outline
Reflections Big thanks to our studio leaders, Prof. Kim Dovey and Matthijs Van Oostrum for a studio full of new learnings and renewed understanding of our city. Melbourne is full of capacities and so we must take every opportunity to make it a better city!
38 Urban Design Studio C 2019 | Audrey Leonore Lopez
Week 3
Temporary/tactical urbanism involves experimental urban design projects in underutilized urban spaces. Variously called ‘pop-up’, ‘DIY’, ‘spontaneous’ or ‘guerrilla’ urbanism this is a multiplicitous approach to urban design that can work as complement or counterpoint to the permanent, strategic, fixed and formal outcomes of traditional urban design. Examples from temporary beaches, container villages, parklets and public living rooms to informal markets and guerrilla gardens are an increasingly pervasive feature of contemporary urban design. Such approaches can add agility, innovation, vitality and community engagement to underutilized urban space. They can also be seen as a form of ‘austerity urbanism’ or cheap urban design that meshes well with deregulated planning regimes and boom-bust cycles of neoliberal urban development. Contradiction is part of the challenge.
Process Week 1
The Studio
Week 13
Week 8
Week 7
Week 6
Photo by Kim Dovey (2019)
LECTURES , READINGS & CASES CAPACITY MAPPING DESIGN & CRITICS
Temporary/Tactical Urbanism Studio 39