'All Consuming' - Volume 49, Issue 9

STUDENT MEDIA AT THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 2017 · VOL 49 Issue 9 · BADGERHERALD.COM

ALL-CONSUMING Body hate and eating disorders, paired with pressures of campus setting, plague the mind of UW students pg. 14

Designed by Autumn Brown

MADTOWN CRIER

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Madtown Crier Madtown refuses to slow down. Here are some upcoming events The Badger Herald recommends to keep you up to speed.

Thursday 11/9 Free “Soapy Sundae” Party at The Soap Opera, 6-8 p.m., FREE

Tuesday 11/7 “Against Interpretation” Art Metals Show at Mosse Humanities Building, All day, FREE

Wednesday 11/8 “Faux Toes” photography exhibit closing reception at the Art Lofts, 5-8 p.m., FREE

Thursday 11/9 Tone Madison’s 3rd anniversary show at Art In, 8-11:59 p.m., $10 / free for Tone Madison Patreon donors

Friday 11/10

Friday 11/10

Best Buddies Food Fundraiser at Salads Up, 4-8 p.m., Prices vary

Saturday 11/11 Sleeping Jesus with Puzzle Quest at Der Rathskeller, Memorial Union, 9 p.m.-12 a.m., FREE

Sunday 11/12 Slow Pulp with The Evening Attraction and Lucille Furs at Der Rathskeller, Memorial Union, 9 p.m.-12 a.m., FREE

2 • badgerherald.com • November 7, 2017

Saturday 11/12 Winter Art Fair Off the Square at Monona Terrace, 9 a.m.-5 p.m., $5 at door

A Night with Janis Joplin at Overture Center for the Arts, 7-9 p.m., $25 - $65

Monday 11/13 Drink and Draw Mondays at Nomad World Pub, 6 p.m.-T.B.D., No entry fee

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Once a quarterback, Joe Ferguson now has found meaning playing on the other side of the ball.

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UW researcher uses research about astrobotany to create a website, a rap song and a science-themed clothing line.

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LIVE EXHIBIT RETURNS FOR ITS SECOND YEAR

The ‘Spoken For’ event includes performances by its organizers, among other prominent performers including JW Basilo, Antonie McNeail and Jolieth McIntosh

ONE YEAR LATER

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Policy failure, rampant spread of racism, white supremacy have become hallmarks of Donald Trump’s presidency.

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FIELD NOTES

New research in astrobotony inspires researcher to create fashion line

Rasmussen’s efforts have been ‘overwhelmingly positive’ for astrobotany as a research subject, science communication

by Kai Brito State Editor

After developing the first ever astrobotany website, Kai Nakano Rasmussen’s next big plans are to market his scientific research with an astrobotany streetwear clothing line.

Rasmussen is a University of Wisconsin senior and undergraduate researcher who works in the Gilroy Lab on a NASA-funded research project studying the effects of spaceflight on plant biology.

His lab tenure began in spring 2015, but since then, his more recent projects have evolved to include more of his artistic interests such as developing a rap song, website and now, a science-themed clothing line.

The website helps Rasmussen communicate his scientific research more broadly, however, it is not the only method he uses to tell the story of astrobotany, the study of plants in space.

“Astrobotany.com is just a piece of a loftier goal to make science education and research more integrated and more accessible,” Rasmussen said. “[This website] is a platform we use to inform not only the public, but also researchers, and hopefully help science move forward faster.”

Rasmussen said he started drawing at an early age, influenced from American cartoons and Japanese animation, but he has always gravitated toward science because of the impacts it has on society.

While he doesn’t necessarily want to understand the microscopic details of biochemical mechanisms, Rasmussen said he does recognize importance of a scientific education for his artwork.

“Really to be a science artist you should have [a scientific] background because you can’t really draw if you don’t know what you’re talking about,” Rasmussen said.

All of his past efforts have set him up to develop “COSMOS,” his new clothing line that is meant to connect scientific research, flowers, spaceflight, and art. He launched the commercial line after winning a runnerup prize of $500 at the New Arts Venture 4• badgerherald.com •November, 7 2017

Photo · Rasmussen’s work has led to a website which allows for a “loftier goal” to make science education more accessible.

Kai Brito The Badger Herald Challenge last spring.

Rasmussen saw streetwear clothing as a unique branding opportunity for astrobotany and a way to engage his newest passion — fashion designer work. His biggest concern, though, was whether a brand focused on science themes can break into a market where science hasn’t traditionally been seen as “cool.”

Rasmussen said the clothing line isn’t the only new product to come out of the Gilroy lab as advancements in research have provided more material for his website.

The Gilroy Lab is now launching a new experiment at the Kennedy Space Center,

where they plan to continue their research on the effects of spaceflight on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana, the model plant for scientific research.

In partnership with NASA and SpaceX, the lab is scheduled to launch more plants early December on the next commercial resupply service mission from SpaceX. Advancements in research techniques, like RNA sequencing, have brought other Gilroy Lab members like Richard Barker, a postdoctoral research associate, to make contributions to the website.

Barker was one of the designers for a database named Test Of Arabidopsis Space

Transcriptome as a resource for spaceflight plant biology researchers to quickly locate specific genes in the A. thaliana genome.

Sarah Swansen, director of the Newcomb Imaging Center, said Rasmussen’s efforts have been “overwhelmingly positive” for astrobotany as a research subject and science communication overall.

“I want to support [Rasmussen] because engaging the public is so important in helping the regular Joe on the street to understand what we’re doing, and why it’s important and why his tax money should go toward supporting our scientific efforts,” Swanson said.

The website gained more views after the recent 2017 American Society for Gravitational Space Research Conference, where Barker was able share the website among others within the astrobotany research community.

As Rasmussen’s website continued to gain more notoriety, he said a redesign was necessary to make the site accessible to both researchers and the general public.

It’s more of an issue for people to not know what astrobotany is than for people to misunderstand the facts of it.

“The reason why science isn’t accessible is because it’s so rigid,” Rasmussen said.

“There’s not a lot of room for personal interpretation.”

Rasmussen said he believes scientists and science communicators need to be honest about the hard work involved in the scientific method if they want to connect with the public.

Ultimately, Rasmussen thinks scientists need to use alternative methods like fashion and rap music to successfully and effectively communicate science to a general audience.

“I know the kids that aren’t interested in [science], and their language isn’t sitting down and reading a paper or listening to the NASA podcast,” Rasmussen said. “I’m trying to reach out to people that aren’t already interested and show them they can be included in science too.”

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One year after election, campus feels greater partisan divide Student organizations from both sides of political spectrum said election has ‘stress,’ ‘tension’ among groups on campus

by Emilie Cochran Campus Editor

One year after President Donald Trump was elected into office, students at the University of Wisconsin have continued their mission to create a unified campus, even amid growing tensions between partisans.

The night of Nov. 8, 2016, Donald Trump won the presidency by winning battleground states such as Wisconsin. In the following days and months, students reacted in various ways, from Republicans celebrating the win of their party to rallies such as the Women’s March.

Since then, the campus seems more divided among partisans, Young Americans for Freedom chair Abby Streu and Associated Students of Madison Equity and Inclusion chair, Alexandra Hader, said.

“I think that since the election there has definitely been more of a partisan divide, which is much like the one that we are seeing at the national level,” Hader said.

As far as ASM goes specifically, there hasn’t been a noticeable difference in how members act, but Hader has noticed that since the election, there are conversations being held and viewpoints being discussed that weren’t present before the election.

Streu concurred there’s a greater divide, but she said YAF had been experiencing tension even before the election. After the election, more students have come up to members at tabling events, such as the student organization fair, to berate them.

YAF has held controversial events such as Ben Shapiro last year and Katie Pavlich this year which have brought protesters, Streu said. Since the election, Streu has noticed more protestors, especially at the Ben Shapiro event that was only 10 days after the election.

“We try to project conservative ideas on campus rather than particular candidates because we think candidates can be flawed at times,” Streu said.

Previous to the election, YAF didn’t hold many activism events, but after the election, they felt as though it was essential, Streu said.

There has also been rigidity between people within the same ideological standpoint regarding Trump, Streu said. For example, Shapiro has always been very antiTrump, even though he spoke at a YAF event.

Even within the Republican party, there are many different ideologies which causes tension among the party, Streu said.

College Republicans spokesperson, Emelia Rohl, echoed similar instances of tension within the party.

While College Republicans is more involved with the Republican party, the executive board had multiple debates regarding the endorsement of Trump after he was chosen as the Republican nominee, Rohl said.

“I still personally feel like there’s a lot of animosity and hostility toward Republicans,” Rohl said. “I just still think there’s no tolerance.”

There was a lot of tension and divide on campus before the election and it has only increased since the election, Students for Justice in Palestine spokesperson, Liz HaberlandErvin, said.

Haberland-Ervin has also noticed more “stress” between groups on campus, especially in response to legislation in Wisconsin, like the Campus Free Speech Act. “Clubs like ours feel pressure that our voices might not be heard,” Haberland-Ervin said.

After the election, College Democrats were “devastated,” press secretary Claudia Koechell said, but they were proud of what they’d done for Hillary Clinton’s campaign.

Immediately after the election, many students reached out to College Democrats to not just get involved as members, but in leadership positions to do everything in their power to “stop Trump,” Koechell said.

“For most, they saw joining College Democrats as an opportunity to no longer feel powerless but rather feel empowered by the Democratic movement,” Koechell said.

Going forward, their main goal is to build upon their current membership and become motivated for the 2018 and 2020 elections, Koechell said.

Although the past year has been one of greater partisan polarization, each organization had the same theme of striving toward a better country.

“I believe this has caused people to be more mindful of everyone’s views, despite the polarizing issues that are often discussed or portrayed in the media,” Hader said.

Proposed bill allows groups to prepare growth of industrial hemp Author of bill Rep.Jesse Kremer, R-Kewaskum, said he hopes bill will pass in this season, in time for next growing season

by Madeline Boulanger Repoter

A state Senate bill which would legalize the growth and production of industrial hemp in the state of Wisconsin recently passed through a Senate committee with a unanimous vote.

One of the bill’s authors Rep. Jesse Kremer, R-Kewaskum, said industrial hemp can be used for a variety of products and could be a lucrative industry for Wisconsin.

Hemp can be used for fire protective gear, concrete, medicine and the grain of hemp has a high nutritional value, Kremer said. The processing and growth of industrial hemp could add jobs in rural areas and bring new industry to Wisconsin.

“These are new high tech jobs, and we can be creating a new industry in Wisconsin in our rural areas — I think it’s huge,” Kremer said.

Some groups in Wisconsin are prepared to begin the growth of industrial hemp as soon as next growing season.

Kremer is hoping the bill will pass in time for these groups to begin growing on schedule.

“I think we can get it done this session, but whether or not we can get it done before the next growing season, or in time to use it

for the next growing season, is up in the air,” Kremer said.

The St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin is one of the groups that plans to start growing hemp. The tribe hopes to turn land previously used as a fish hatchery into a processing facility to produce Cannabidiol Oil, or CBD oil, from industrial hemp.

General Counsel for the St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin Jeff Cormell said the tribe is prepared for the process to begin and hopes to partner with farmers across Wisconsin.

“The tribe would be looking to partner with any and every farmer in the state that wants to grow as much hemp as they possibly can to process into CBD and sent it up to us for processing,” Cormell said.

The St. Croix tribe hopes that allowing this industry to grow in Wisconsin will improve the economy of not only their tribe but for Burnett County as a whole, Cormell said.

The tribe hopes to partner with local businesses for services, such as advertising and packaging, which they hope will grow their local economy, Cormell said.

“We’re trying to use the community to develop their own businesses to help

support our business,” Cormell said. “So as a launching pad for Burnett County as a whole and not just for the tribe, to take this industry and really improve the economic development for the entire county.”

Cormell also sees many benefits to producing CBD oil for medicinal purposes.

The oil is an effective anti-inflammatory, is useful for post-traumatic stress disorders and other brain trauma and has had an effect with certain forms of epilepsy.

Kremer and Cormell both agree CBD could be an effective replacement for many opiates and painkillers as the medicinal benefits of CBD are greater than those of the THC found in marijuana.

“If you look at the CBD oil in industrial hemp, you can’t get high from it, and it actually covers more maladies than CBD from a marijuana plant,” Kremer said. “The drug companies don’t want it because they’re the ones manufacturing it, but it is another option that’s out there.”

Both parties said this bill is not related to the legalization of medical marijuana and observe clear distinctions between the two crops.

“We don’t oppose medical marijuana, but that’s not what we’re supporting,” Cormell said. “When it comes to the medical aspects of what THC does, CBD is really that medicine.”

Kremer said he would never support a bill which would legalize medical marijuana in Wisconsin and hopes legalizing industrial hemp will reduce pressures to legalize.

In states where marijuana is legalized, Kremer said there are restrictions regarding how close fields containing hemp and fields containing marijuana may be due to the two plants tendencies to cross pollinate and contaminate both crops.

“If you want to keep recreational marijuana out of your state, bring industrial hemp in,” Kremer said. “This is a whole separate plant, a totally separate crop.”

If the bill passes, Wisconsin would be in a position to become an industrial leader in the hemp industry, Kremer said.

“There’s all sorts of stuff that, if we’re allowed to do this, I think we could ... be a center of production for some of these products in Wisconsin and be the place that everyone sends their industrial hemp to get processed,” Kremer said.

November, 7 2017 • badgerherald.com • 5

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Playing with Fire

Photo · The Chicago-based group of “fire and light masters,” Luminescence, wowed an audience of all ages at Monona Terrace Friday with their dangerous and dazzling pyrotechniq performances.

Michael Lim The Badger Herald

6 • badgerherald.com •November 7, 2017

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UW researchers discover potential ways to target cancerous cells Researchers at The Carbone Center concluded a modified form of PKM2 is more prone to tumor growth when altered

by Emilie Burditt City Editor

University of Wisconsin researchers are hoping to gain information to stop cancerous cells by learning what makes the cells change.

By studying chemical changes and creating modifications to those chemicals, Wei Xu, a professor in Cancer Research at the UW Carbone Cancer Center and McArdle Library for Research, has found why some cells go down a cancerous pathway.

Xu said cells either continue in their healthy state or they produce cancer cells using energy.

“Calorie restriction, without malnutrition, has significant benefit for cancer prevention,” Xu said. “From the therapeutic aspects, pharmacological intervention in metabolism shows great promise for cancer treatment.”

Small molecules may lead to anticancer agents, Xu said, which would happen through the process of inhibiting glycolysis.

UW researchers are currently looking to modify chemicals within the metabolism of proteins, Xu said. Without modification, the chemicals can increase the rate of cells choosing to go down a cancerous route.

Xu said Otto Warburg discovered what is known as the “Warburg effect,” or the loss of a steady energy metabolism.

Warburg noticed cancerous cells produce more energy, Xu said, and afterward, create more lactic acid fermentation in the cytosol in a process is known as aerobic glycosylation.

“ If we can figure out what

genes or pathways trigger the glucose reprogramming in cancer cells, maybe we could find some new ways to target cancer cells.

”

Fabao Liu Lead author and postdoctoral fellow Healthy cells should be relying on mitochondria to produce energy in a process called oxidative phosphorylation, Xu said.

Photo ·By studying chemical changes, researcher Wei Xu has found why some cells become cancerous.

Quinn Beaupre The Badger Herald “Nearly a decade ago, scientists discovered that tumor-specific isoform of pyruvate kinase, PKM2, the last enzyme in the glycolysis pathway, give rises to Warburg effect, but how PKM2 levels translated to more aggressive cancers remains to be a dilemma,” Xu said.

Studies of modified PKM2 could lead cells to a cancerous metabolic pathway, Xu said. This differed from PKM2 that wasn’t modified, which leads to a healthy metabolic pathway.

Xu said she was inspired to test nutrient utilization in cancer cells “by luck.” Her lab had been studying CARM1, a protein typically found in breast cancer patients.

“In a biochemical assay to map CARM1 interacting protein, we accidentally found that CARM1 interacts with and chemically modifies PKM2 in breast cancer cells,” Xu said. “We engineered cells to only vary at PKM2 modification status and noticed significant differences in energy metabolism.”

The researchers at Xu’s lab concluded a modified form of PKM2 led to a difference in cancerous cells from normal cells. When modified, PKM2 is more prone to tumor growth, Xu said.

“Regardless of the oxygen availability, about 85 percent of pyruvate will be metabolized to lactate not CO2,” Xu said. “In addition, compared to normal differentiated cells, cancer cells take up much more glucose for energy production and macromolecules synthesis.”

One of Xu’s research colleagues, Fabao Liu, a lead author and postdoctoral fellow, grew more interested in nutrient utilization after studying aerobic glycolysis.

With regard to aerobic glycolysis, Liu said inhibition of glucose uptake of cancerous cells will ultimately lower tumor growth.

This relates back to the energy homeostasis regulation of PKM2 methylation.

PKM2 methylation by CARM1 changes the glucose metabolism balance, Liu said.

Essentially, it reverses the balance by

changing from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis in breast cancer cells.

Xu said the nanoparticle for the delivery of PKM2 was studied in accordance with her collaborator, Sarah Gong.

Gong helped further research with breast cancer cells with regard to PKM2. As a team, Gong and Xu used nanoparticles to deliver a small amount of PKM2 into a form of modified PKM2 in breast cancer cells.

Xu said their results revealed the peptide inhibitor “perturbs the metabolic energy balance.” This happens within cancerous cells, where the energy balance can help reduce tumors as well as help reduce metastatic reach to other organs.

The team hopes to continue working on the study of PKM2 and CARM1 in relation to putting a hold on the pathway of cancerous cells.

“If we can figure out what genes or pathways trigger the glucose reprogramming in cancer cells, maybe we could find some new ways to target cancer cells,” Liu said.

November, 7 2017 • badgerherald.com • 7

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City reexamines background check ordinance in light of sexual assault Volunteer recruitment at The Beacon, a local homeless shelter, is not as thorough as hiring process for full-time employees

by Avery Aurand City Editor

Organizations funded by the city of Madison are required to follow a set of protocols that describe how to go about conducting employee and volunteer background checks.

In light of a sexual assault allegation at Sanctuary Storage, a storage facility for homeless individuals, this background checking process has come into question.

City of Madison ordinance Section 39.03 describes the steps employers must follow when conducting background checks. It details the standards employers can and cannot hire people with a criminal history.

On July 13, 2017, Kristine Pierstorff and another woman, who wished to remain anonymous, were using Sanctuary Storage’s facilities and claimed a volunteer from the organization sexually assaulted them, according to an article by Channel 3000.

Neither woman filed a report with the Madison Police Department, and, consequently, no one was charged with assault. The volunteer who allegedly assaulted these women is a registered sex offender with multiple past convictions, according to the Channel 3000

article. He was immediately removed from the position.

“I think there are people with certain backgrounds who should really not be allowed around vulnerable populations like this,” Pierstorff said. “You’ve got people with disabilities here, mental and physical disabilities that may make them less likely to be able to handle a situation like that.”

The city’s contract with Sanctuary Storage states the organization takes responsibility to “use reasonable application and screening tools to select employees and volunteers who work directly with vulnerable clients.”

Jim O’Keefe, Director of Madison’s Community Development division, said the requirements regarding background checks set in motion by the city are important for each organization in Madison to follow.

Offenses or violations in someone’s past must in some way be relevant to the work the employee or volunteer does in order for them to be denied a position, O’Keefe said. This is particularly important if the position in question has anything to do with children.

The event at Sanctuary Storage served as a reminder that this contract requirement is important, O’Keefe said.

“Homeless persons aren’t a population that normally comes to mind when you think of vulnerable populations, under that ordinance,” O’Keefe said. “It brought to our attention that persons who are affected by trauma, in many cases, include homeless persons.”

MPD spokesperson Joel DeSpain said there are sexual assaults where people with no permanent address are victimized.

MPD works closely with this vulnerable population to connect them to resources or connect with their Special Victims Unit that deals with sexual assault of vulnerable people, DeSpain said.

“MPD would encourage women who may have been victimized to contact us so we can help them,” DeSpain said.

The Beacon, a day resource center for people experiencing homelessness in Dane County, is one of the many organizations within Madison that is required to follow the background check ordinance, Center Director Judith Metzger said.

The Beacon is a branch of Catholic Charities, a nonprofit organization that helps vulnerable populations within the Madison area. The Beacon follows their hiring protocols, which they gather from the Council on Accreditation guidelines, Metzger said.

Once a position is posted online, Metzger said people will respond with credentials and experience. The Beacon administration then rates these applicants based on the criteria the job demands.

Phone interviews are conducted with promising candidates, and then they do inperson interviews to finalize the position, Metzger said.

When a person is hired, The Beacon immediately makes the new employee fill out a Background Information Disclosure form, Metzger said. From there, the organization checks the Crime Information Bureau, a site the organization pays for to view with each new hire.

“Each step of our employment process involves filtering out people who are not correct for the job,” Metzger said.

Metzger said employees must have a clear caregiver profile to work at The Beacon.

The process of hiring volunteers is not as thorough, Metzger said. The Beacon will not allow recent felons, sexual predators or people with an unclean caregiving record to volunteer.

Criminal background checks are also conducted on volunteers, but we want to give them a chance to prove themselves,” Metzger said.

Capitol to celebrate 100 years of existence with centennial bash Since becoming a state in 1848, Wisconsin has had total of three state capitols, the one standing today costing $7,258,763.75

by Abby Doeden Reporter

This year marks 100 years since the current Wisconsin Capitol was built.

Since Wisconsin became a state in 1848, there have been a total of three State Capitols. A fire destroyed the second Wisconsin Capitol in 1904, and the state Legislature had no option other than to build a new one, according to the Wisconsin Historical Society.

Piece by piece, the Capitol was torn down, creating the one that is standing today. According to WHS, construction ended in 1917, costing a total of $7,258,763.75.

Michael Edmonds, the director of programs outreach at the WHS, said the Wisconsin Capitol is “particularly luxurious.” “[The Wisconsin Capitol] was built to be a monument, not just an office building,” Edmonds said. “That’s why there is a lot of marble and ornate painting.”

But the Capitol has not always been in such good shape.

8• badgerherald.com •November 7, 2017

From when it opened in 1917 to the 1980s, the Capitol was so heavily used that the interior began to deteriorate. Because of this, a larger renovation and restoration project began to make it a more modern functioning building, while restoring its original elements, Edmonds said.

“The Capitol was used up and torn apart, and the original art and décor was covered over,” Edmonds said. “The Capitol now is different than what many parents would have seen. It is now what people wanted it to be when they designed it.”

The politics in the Capitol have also undergone many changes throughout the years.

Edmonds said politics 100 years ago were as polarized as they are today. The progressive Republicans had more control in the beginning of the 20th century with former Gov. Robert La Follette than now. “[The government at the time] was majorly conservative versus progressive Republicans, and Democrats didn’t really exist here,” Edmonds said.

From the 1920s, the government leaned liberal, however, with the appointment of Tommy Thompson in 1987, the government was controlled by conservative Republicans, and has been ever since, Edmonds said.

Edmonds also put together an informational display about important ideas that have come out of Wisconsin during the last 100 years, such as the Wisconsin Idea.

In the display, which can be found in the capitol, he also mentions the contributions of former governors La Follette and Thompson.

“The Capitol has been a place that shapes both Madison, and the rest of the state,” Edmonds said in the display.

To celebrate 100 years of existence, the Capitol Centennial Commission has worked to create various events about the Capitol and its history, Rep. Adam Neylon, R-Pewaukee, said.

Neylon is one of the members of the Centennial Commission, and said the most

prominent event is the Capitol Centennial Gala, which will take place Nov. 8.

“It’s going to be a big party, with live music, dancing, an open bar and historical things,” Neylon said. “We are going to have the main architect who was in charge of the renovation talk about the renovation and how the capitol was built, along with the historical context of the building.”

The commission will be giving away 600 of the original keys to the first 600 people to show up, Neylon said.

The money raised from ticket sales will go straight to the Capitol Preservation Fund to help renovate, update and maintain the Capitol, Neylon said.

Neylon expressed this event is not only to celebrate the history of the Capitol, but also the importance of this event for the community.

“It’s an exciting opportunity to spend time in one of the most beautiful buildings in the state, talking to people from all walks of life who want to celebrate and learn more about the Capitol,” Neylon said.

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WARF announces $80.9 million grant to further scientific research

Historic $19 million went toward Morgridge Institute for Research, the highest amount granted to facility in WARF history

by Ben Sefarbi Reporter

The Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation has awarded the University of Wisconsin $61.9 million for the 2017-18 school year in a ceremony last month, which went toward a range of budget items such as faculty retention and graduate student support.

Another $19 million was granted to the Morgridge Institute for Research, a private, nonprofit biomedical research institute affiliated with the university.

The $19 million grant to the Morgridge Institute for Research is the most WARF has given the institution since they began collaborating in the 2009 fiscal year, up almost $5 million from last year according to data from WARF’s website.

WARF serves as an independent, nonprofit corporation run by alumni trustees who manage the university’s patents and invest the resulting revenue to support future research. The organization has provided more than $2 billion in grants to the university since its founding in 1925.

Norman Drinkwater, University of Wisconsin associate vice chancellor for research in the biological sciences, said these funds are raised through royalties and fees.

“WARF earns royalties and fees from UW-Madison faculty, staff and student technologies that it manages, and earns returns on the investment of those resources,” Drinkwater said. “WARF distributes a portion of those earnings to faculty and departments to be used to further scientific research.”

WARF spokesperson Jeanan Yasiri Moe said the foundation patents discoveries that are disclosed and assigned to it, and then licenses those patents to industry.

These licenses generate revenue which is partially returned to the inventor and their department, with the balance going to WARF. From there, the foundation provides an annual grant of “tens of millions” of dollars, Yasiri Moe said.

The bulk of the funds given to UW comes in the form of a base grant. According to data from WARF’s website, the $53.3 million base grant given in 2017-18 is down by roughly $2 million from the 2016-17 amount.

But, data from WARF show the base grant has increased $18 million in just three years, going from roughly $35 million in 2014 to $53 million in 2017.

According to a guide of WARF support, a total base grant is given by the foundation’s board of trustees to the Office of the UW

Vice Chancellor for Research and Graduate Education, which is then divided among nine university categories.

Drinkwater said the WARF board establishes the mission and objectives of grants to the university, approves the budget for grant making, reviews recommendations by the grants committee and maintains close and open communications with the chancellor, vice chancellor for research and graduate education and others.

“Funding needs are determined based not only on past practices but also on the emerging needs to enhance and increase the research portfolio of UW-Madison,” Drinkwater said.

There are many final destinations these funds could land, Drinkwater said. Data from WARF show university efforts such as faculty retention and recruitment, graduate student support, research competitions and faculty fellowships are some of the largest examples of these destinations.

In 2017, $12 million went toward faculty retention and recruitment, which are efforts to bring new professors to campus while keeping existing professors at UW. “These funds have helped to bring talented new faculty, or keep highly productive faculty, on every part of campus,” Drinkwater said.

Additionally, roughly $11 million was raised for graduate student support, funds which are diverted to university fellowships and research programs primarily in the form of student stipends.

The fall research competition, which awards gap funding against pending extramural grant applications as well as pilot funding that leads to external grant applications, received more than $10 million.

More than $9 million was granted to the UW2020 WARF Discovery Initiative, which offers funding for research on campus, as well as infrastructure and equipment to support novel research directions.

Drinkwater said “good results” have already been seen from earlier funded UW2020 projects.

Along with the base grant, WARF makes additional grants and special grants totaling more than $5 million.

The announcement of the $80.9 million granted to the university came alongside the announcement of the WARF Innovation Award winners.

Each year, UW faculty who disclose their research discoveries to WARF are

eligible to receive an Innovation Award. Of the approximately 400 disclosures submitted this year to an independent panel of judges, only two groups of university faculty received the $10,000 honor.

Eric Schmuck, alongside Peiman Hematti, John Kink and Amish Raval, were one of the research teams receiving the award for

“Funding needs are

determined based not only on past practices but also on the emerging needs to enhance and increase the research portfolio of UW-Madison.

”

Norman Drinkwater UW associate vice chancellor for research in the biological sciences

developing therapeutic cells for tissuespecific repair.

The other team included professor of urology David Jarrard and researcher Bing Yang, who won the award for their work in predicting prostate cancer in tissue biopsies.

Schmuck, an associate scientist of cardiovascular medicine at UW, said he was humbled to receive the honor.

“UW-Madison has a tremendous track record of innovation. For our team to be considered one of the most innovative for 2017 is truly a great honor,” Schmuck said.

Schmuck and his team, however, received more than just the Innovation Award. They also received funding for future research through the UW2020 grant.

According to the university’s UW2020 web page, the monetary value of the award ranges from a $100,000 to $500,000 grant to the winning researchers, distributed over one to two years.

While most universities shoulder the costs of patenting and licensing the discoveries their university researchers bring forward, WARF covers all these costs. Its status as an independent 501(c)(3) nonprofit foundation exempts it from some federal income taxes, which allows it more flexibility in how it chooses to spend its funds.

“That translates into tens of millions of dollars each year,” Moe said. “That means WARF is saving the Wisconsin taxpayers those expenses as well.”

November 7, 2017 • badgerherald.com • 9

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Four local artists to look out for Pivotal changes in Madison’s music scene make space for emerging artists

by Henry Solotaroff-Webber Features Editor

Over the past few years, Madison has seen more than a few changes to its local music scene.

The Orpheum is now under control of multi-national corporation Live Nation. The Majestic and Frank Production’s merger is more than underway and their new 2000seat venue, The Sylvee, looms. New, smaller venues like Robinia Courtyard and Art In are gaining prominence, and a paradigm shift in Madison’s relationship with its hip-hop finally seems underway with the establishment of a city task force.

Artists that were pillars of UW’s music scene such as Rich Robbins, crashPREZ and Aarushi Agni of Tin Can Diamonds have also skipped town. Many others may leave in the future as well. There are shoes to fill and new avenues through which artists can extend.

These next few years will be exciting and pivotal for the growth of Madison’s scene, and below are some of the artists The Badger Herald think will make the biggest moves.

Son! The First Wave alum, band member of ME eN YOU and constant collaborator of many artists around town is finally truly venturing out on his own.

Son!, f.k.a. hitmayng and whose real name is Daniel Kaplan, is a rapper, singer, producer and multi-instrumentalist whose music could never fit in any box. His songs, as adventurous as they are comforting, offer haunting vignettes of emotions and experiences.

The North Carolinian-born artist strikes the proper balance between personality and universality on each of his tracks, moving deftly between different points on that spectrum. Songs like “Nothing Lasts” offer stream-of-consciousness rememberings of difficult experiences with difficult people, or one difficult person in particular.

The chaotic percussion mixes well with the Kaplan’s own frenetic vocals. “Take It,” on the other hand, drips with nostalgia — a sweet love song for disassociated cynics who are idealists at heart. Son!’s greatest

Photo · Greenhaus released EP ‘soft and warm’ in January, and has recently performed at a multitude of Madison gigs, including this year’s FreakFest event.

Mathew Norman The Badger Herald 10 • badgerherald.com • November 7, 2017

strength is that no matter what he does, it’s always sincere even if it isn’t clean or tidy in the process.

Kenny Hoopla Since he released his debut EP, Beneath the Willow Tree, about a year ago, the Cleveland-born Madison transplant’s output has been limited.

What he has released, however, has been pure quality. His most recent two tracks, especially have marked a shift in style and tone for the 21-year-old artist. Both “LEGENDS” and “WAVES” are produced by local producer Tax Purposes, and this collaboration has seemed to unlock new potential avenues for each.

Gone are the melancholic guitar or synthaddled beats overlaid with trap drums and Kenny’s melodic murmurings. On these newer tracks, the heavy snare beats are replaced with simple handclaps and/or tambourines, giving Kenny’s vocals and Tax’s vibrant guitar stylings way to chemically react, forming something luminescent and powerful. On “Waves,” in particular, Hoopla rides out Taxpurposes’ guitar riffs well, belting out pained melodies and delivering powerful lyrics “they could never write my story/you could never drown my worry.”

Greenhaus One thing that’s remarkable about Greenhaus’s tracks is their collective unselfishness as a band. On each of their tracks so far, each member of the band — talented in their own right — takes up as little space on each track as possible. This doesn’t make their songs austere, though, they’re simply minimalist—maximally efficient in the emotional impacts they evoke versus the sonic stuff they put in.

They also allow for Haley Lukisch’s often sad but always beautiful vocals to take center stage. Her strained croonings and almostepistollary lyrics create strange soundscapes in of themselves, with the accompanying instruments fleshing out all the colors and details. “And if it’s not me, then I’d like to

Photo · Kenny Hoopla replaces heavy synth seen in debut album for pained melodies in recent singles.

Courtesy of Kenny Hoopla think/that it’s no one in this town,” Lukisch sings on “Friends” off their soft and warm EP. Doesn’t that just make you want to cut your hair, and ball up in the clippings?

Kainalu The University of Wisconsin graduate released a quick album in June, into his career but he already has honed a fully formed sound. Blue Lagoon hosts a style of lo-fi music which Prall has referred to as Hawaii-Fi. This punny title points to Kainalu’s, real name Trent Prall, own Hawaiian heritage which comes out in the album’s tropically-inflected mood. The whirring of the different components—the synth, occasional sax, “808’sy” percussion and Prall’s own ethereal vocals — creates a vibe that’s almost primordial. Tracks like “Love Nebula” almost beckon to a primordial and peaceful place, untouched by the evils of humanity. Prall does reveal some of himself in the lyrics of the album, but they often hide just below the surface of the album’s instrumentals. On “Girls” probably the most personal song on the album, Prall describes a romantic situation where the output simply does not match the input, though it’s never just that simple, is it?

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The North Street Cabaret to debut comedy show event, ‘Comedy at the Cabaret’ After establishment’s grand opening in September, the event’s organizer hopes to continue similar events in the venue’s future

by John Zack ArtsEtc. Staff Writer

A mid the ever-growing comedy community in Madison, a new entertainment venue – The North Street Cabaret – is debuting their first comedy showcase.

The North Street Cabaret recently opened on the corner of North and Commercial, opening its doors for musical performances, and starting Nov. 9, comedy.

Organizer Allie Lindsay will host the firstof-its-kind event, which will be presented as a showcase of local comic talents. The show will last from 8-10 p.m., and a $5 cover is the only thing necessary to enjoy it.

“There’s a lot of comedy that’s happening in Madison, probably more prevalently now than it has in a long time,” Lindsay said. “It just seems to be getting increasingly more pronounced, and there’s a lot of very active people in the comedy scene.”

“Comedy At The Cabaret” is the titular event, and it will feature five of Madison’s local talents – Vanessa Tortolano, Dan Bacula, Esteban Touma, Spencer Graham, as well as the headlining comic, Marty Clarke. All five of these comics were handpicked by Lindsay as an assortment of just a few of her favorite comedy personalities in the Madison area. As a performing comic herself, Lindsay is well versed in her local comedians.

“I decided on this little group as my first installment of saying thank you for helping my career,” Lindsay said. “They’re tremendous human beings, incredibly funny, and all incredibly unique from one another. There’s a nice variety of wonderful comics.”

Each of the local comedians performing at “Comedy At The Cabaret” are individually prevalent in the local comedy scene as well, each always finding new venues to perform at, Lindsay said. By her estimate, they will each be performing ten-minute sets before Marty Clarke, the headlining comedian, performs his set of 20 to 30 minutes.

Lindsay said it was difficult to narrow down five people she wants to begin to showcase, but eventually found the current lineup to be ideal. Each of the comics at this showcase will bring a unique set of skills to the table. Headliner Marty Clarke is known for hosting roast battles in the Madison area, and is acclaimed by Lindsay as the “roast master” of Madison.

“Everybody has a different flavor, so I

put this lineup together to get a variety of comics,” Lindsay said. “Everyone in the show has a unique story, anyway.”

Lindsay has been performing comedy around Madison as well for the past two years, and now hopes to bring more of the local comedy scene to the east side of Madison. She said she has wanted to do comedy for a long time, and was finally able to launch her career a couple of years ago.

Lindsay has received support from the community of local comics since launching her career, and will be using this showcase as a platform to personally show her gratitude for the support she has been given.

Lindsay’s experience with comedy has given her insights to share with the audience Thursday. On top of greeting the audience and introducing the other comics performing that evening, she will be discussing stand-up comedy as a whole.

“It’s a really hard thing to do, comedy. This my very first time ever hosting my own show, so it’s a very big personal deal to me,” Lindsay said. “I’m kind of looking at this as a gratitude show in a way, because those who I have put on this show are folks that I want to thank that have had me on their shows, or they have been integral in my comedy career so far as a friend, or as a mentor.”

With a supportive audience, the show will hopefully become a monthly event in which more local comics can showcase their talents to the crowd at the North Street Cabaret. Lindsay expressed her goal to create more similar events in the future.

“I hope to be doing some more fun and unique things going forward,” Lindsay said.

The local comedy scene relies on a strong and supportive audience, especially at new venues like the North Street Cabaret. With a constantly growing local comedy scene, audience support is strong, but always vital to performance.

“We’re all itching to have showcases — so we can practice, so we can perform for people,” Lindsay said. “Unlike music, which you can practice at home, we need you. We need the audience to do it.”

Since the venue is a bar, the minimum age will be 21 for the event. The venue does feature a full bar and a full kitchen for

Photo · Organizer, local comedian Allie Lindsay plans to use the showcase to give a platform to other comics, show her gratitude for the support from Madison’s scene Courtesy of Allie Lindsay its patrons. The venue itself is an intimate environment well suited for entertainment, and graciously hosts its patrons. The North Street Cabaret’s website states in its description, “Inclusivity is our highest priority — all are welcome at the cabaret.”

Those in need of a breath of fresh air in Madison’s local comedy scene can find it at the North Street Cabaret Thursday at 8 p.m.

November 7 2017• badgerherald.com • 11

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The Harlem Renaissance Museum presents second annual ‘Spoken For’ exhibit Referencing piece by Langston Hughes in title, the event shows the revolutionary cultural, artistic developments from era

by Hannah Miller ArtsEtc. Staff Writer

The Harlem Renaissance Museum is bringing together a variety of diverse art forms for their “Spoken For” Live Exhibit Nov. 11 at the Madison Masonic Center.

The event will include a variety of expressive performances from nationally renowned performers, showcasing dance, spoken word poetry and comedy. This is the second year the “Spoken For” event will be taking place, and will include a host of performers from all over the country.

The event will merge all spoken word art forms and incorporate them into one experience, creating a “one stop shop” for education and entertainment, event organizer Caitlin McGahan said.

Event organizers McGahan and Cynthia Hart emphasized the importance of recognizing the lasting impact of the Harlem Renaissance, and the effect that it has on art and culture in America today. Whether it be through jazz or poetry, the time period isn’t that far removed.

“We want to provide a link between the rich history of the art forms, and bring that to young people who might not know the history, to make a more clear image of that time and that era,” Hart said.

Hart emphasized it’s especially important for young people of color to have a connection point to the Harlem Renaissance period.

The Harlem Renaissance was an era of cultural and artistic development during the 1910s-1930s. The period brought forward several famous African American artists, authors and performers such as Langston Hughes and Jacob Lawrence.

The “golden era” of artistic development constructed an essential place in American history, and reflected on important racial, social and economic issues in America.

“Things created during that time still exist today,” McGahan said.

The issues they address haven’t gone away, either.

The Harlem Renaissance Museum provides a unique platform for people to connect to the history and the stories behind that era, even from Madison. By providing a space of recognition and education, the lasting impact is properly 12 • badgerherald.com • November 7, 2017

preserved and appreciated, McGahan said.

“If for one night we get to showcase everything, it’s a one stop shop to educate and get people learning about the era.” McGahan said.

“Spoken For” will include a rich entertainment experience for those that attend. Among the performers include nationally recognized speaker JW Basilo, comedian Antonie McNeail and storyteller Jolieth McIntosh. Event organizers Hart and McGahan will be performing as well. With such variety, there will be value for all that attend.

The title of the event “Spoken For” is an illusion to the Langston Hughes piece, “Negro Speaks of Rivers” published in 1921, McGahan said. Part of the inspiration stemmed from wanting to pay tribute to the voices before them, which can only be captured through spoken word, McGahan said.

“It is in honor of all the voices who have Spoken For us to make what we do possible.”

McGahan said.

As a certified non profit, the Harlem

Renaissance Museum puts on four exhibits each year.

Organized throughout the year in February, June, October and December, each event showcases live or spoken performances and visual exhibits. The museum seeks to provide a platform for education about the “living history” of the Harlem Renaissance to the community through a variety of avenues and styles.

“The Harlem Renaissance was such a crucial time, it’s important to educate and have people understand the work that artists put in,” McGahan said.

The event organizers welcome families and guests of all ages, especially encouraging students to come out and see what the event has to offer.

presents the 14th annual

ALL CAMPUS HEALTHCARE SYMPOSIUM NOVEMBER 15, 2017 Lowell and Pyle Centers 610 Langdon St

5:30PM - 8PM

HOSA - UW invites all students with pre-health endeavors to a night of networking and panel breakouts with health care professionals. Required attire is business casual and registration can be found online at hosa-uw.com

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The Hotelier suggests fans to bring ‘vulnerable self’ to Madison tour stop Massachusetts rock band aims to tackle thought-provoking subjects of importance through powerful lyrics, sobering messages

by Kristin Washagan ArtsEtc. Editor

Progressive rock band The Hotelier is currently touring with their latest album Goodness, and is set to make a stop at the High Noon Saloon Nov. 15.

The band, lead by vocalist and bassist Christian Holden, released its third studio album Goodness in May 2016 under the label Tiny Engines.

“The Hotelier has sort of been a project that always deals a lot with epic moments, as a friend has told me,” Holden said. “He says that like a lot of our songs are just sort of like cushioning for those moments that happen on the records. And in that way, I feel like Goodness is similar to the rest of the catalogue in that way.”

The Hotelier primarily focuses on subjects of personal importance in their works, which engage audiences in thoughtful and provocative ways.

While similar in structure, Holden expressed that Goodness feels different in execution, subject matter and feeling.

“It’s texturally different. The sort of aesthetic, mood and the feelings are much brighter, and are dealing with warmer sensations I guess than maybe some of the other records,” Holden said.

When it comes to genres, Holden said his band lets others decide.

While Holden acknowledges certain similarities between The Hotelier ’s sound and other bands in the indie scene, Holden believes the complexity of genre groupings makes it too difficult to pinpoint where exactly the band rests.

“Genres are hard, and mostly just exist for bands to be grouped in a way that can be bought and sold in a way,” Holden said.

“In reality, every project is so intensely different, although maybe follows a similar lineage.”

While The Hotelier is often referred to as an “emo band,” Holden expressed that the term is mostly just used by media outlets to “lump together” bands that emerged at the same time and place.

The band, however, is largely motivated by their peers in the scene, whom Holden believes push them toward greatness.

“We’re lucky enough to have a lot of peers, and so like a motivating factor maybe more than an inspirational factor comes from just like witnessing the work that my friends make,” Holden said.

With friends in the scene such as Emperor X and Oso Oso, Holden expressed that in different ways, each of their peers

largely influence the band’s outlook and style.

While listing music inspirations, Holden said the band’s list of motivators and friends is nearly synonymous.

“You get to witness your friends sort of win sometimes, when they have a really epic performance or they create something really epic, and you get to sort of be like ‘wow, I want to also have that opportunity to win at some point,’” Holden said.

“And like you sort of use the greatness that your peers have to sort of motivate you to also do something great.”

The Hotelier formed in 2009, when its members were all still in high school.

Starting as a friend group that enjoyed playing and listening to music, the band first started formed the summer before Holden’s junior year.

While members Chris Hoffman and Sam Frederick had experience playing in prominent bands in their local scene prior, Holden and former member Zack Shaw started their musical beginnings in songwriting instead.

“Me and Zack had written a lot of songs, and so it was just like a melding of all of us together to make what started as the band,” Holden said.

As the band released their third studio LP, Goodness, Holden said they could sense their traction through crowd reactions. Through touring at different venues, The Hotelier watched their fan base grow through increasing audience participation and excitement.

In particular, Holden reflected on a D.I.Y. venue in New York called the Suburbia, where the band performed numerous times in their past tour and shows.

“We played [at the Suburbia] at the

Photo · The Hotelier channel warmer sensations, brighter textural notes in latest album, ‘Goodness,’ despite ‘sad rock band’ reputation in the scene.

Courtesy of Kylie Shaffer beginning of the tour, before the record came out. And then it was like a couple weeks after the end of our tour, and we went and played there again and it was insanely, drastically different in this way that was so sick and fun,” Holden said.

“That stands out to me a lot.”

The Hotelier played a handful of memorable shows, including shows in Toronto and Barcelona.

Because of the beauty of the cities, and the energy at each of the respective shows, Holden recalled feeling a sense of pride and humility at the opportunities the band had been given.

“Being in Barcelona … was like outrageous feeling the entire weekend — having this ‘wow, our band took us to Barcelona’ [feeling], it was pretty wild,” Holden said.

Accordingly, Holden expressed that any shows that bring a sense of excitement and connection with the audience are memorable and stand out.

Holden suggests Madison fans to bring a “vulnerable self” and to be ready to sing at their upcoming show at the High Noon Saloon.

“The nicest feeling shows I’ve ever played are shows in which people are both ‘vibing’ with us as well as with each other,” Holden said. “This sort of unification of all of the energy into this like shared performance between us and everybody in the crowd — those are the most powerful moments when playing shows.”

Doors at the High Noon Saloon will open at 7 p.m. The show will begin at 8 p.m. with openers Oso Oso and Alex Napping.

November 7, 2017 • badgerherald.com • 13

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Suffering in secret: Obsessive, distorted thoughts about body image overwhelm many UW students Fat-talk, social comparisons on campus exacerbate insecurities; magnitude of eating disorders remains unseen

by Yusra Murad Managing Editor

I looked up to meet the doctor ’s eyes. I knew the question before she asked. Suddenly, I became hyper-aware of the overpowering smell of disinfectant, coating every surface of the emergency room.

“Have you been eating?”

I lied, obviously. Any lie comes easy if you repeat enough, and easier once you believe it. But draped in a hospital gown, the lie tasted bitter. I realized it was the first time I had tasted anything in a long time.

More than 91 percent of women in the United States are unhappy with their bodies. Magazine covers gleam with dieting tricks and exercise routines, playing on the accurate assumption that these concerns plague nearly every woman.

On a college campus, the compounded effects of academic stress and constant comparison with peers only amplify the issue of body insecurity.

“I would compare myself to every single girl that walked by me on the street -- ‘what do her legs, arms, butt look like?’--and I would compare it to myself.”

- Bridget Sicard

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders identifies three major eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. U.S. prevalence rates are 0.3 percent, 1 percent and 3 percent, respectively.

According to the 2015 National College Health Assessment report, 0.6 percent of University of Wisconsin students have been diagnosed with, or sought treatment, for anorexia — twice the national average.

But statistics fail to reflect the magnitude of body hate, disordered eating, fat talk and insecurity pulsing in the veins of a college campus. This story remains untold by aggregate data. It is silent suffering. It is unbearably painful.

Seeds of insecurity planted at a young age

UW senior Andrea Collins, a psychology major, recalls her earliest memory of disordered thoughts and eating in fourth grade.

“I can’t remember a time I was comfortable with my body.

I had friends who I thought were way prettier and skinnier than I ever would be,” Collins said. “The first day I starved myself, I called them to proudly claim I ate nothing but a granola bar.”

14 • badgerherald.com •November 7, 2017

Collins’ experience is consistent with the profile of most eating disorders. Some people are already genetically susceptible, and environmental factors — such as the media — begin to have an effect at a young age, UW psychology assistant professor and researcher James Li said.

The distressing reality is that by the time many girls begin to understand their bodies, they have begun to criticize their bodies, UW senior Bridget Sicard said.

For UW alumna Emily Rhodes, the trauma of losing a parent triggered already aggressive dangerous, distorted thoughts.

“I was in second grade, keeping a diary of my weight and what I ate,” Rhodes said. “In my life, I have never had a good body image.”

Andrea Lawson, co-director of mental health services at UHS, said disordered eating often starts as a coping mechanism to manage stress or family issues.

“During a major transition, a switch gets flipped, and it turns into an eating disorder you no longer have control over,” Lawson said. “And college campuses are prime for that.”

Arrival to campus can be the trigger

Upon arriving at UW, Sicard navigated campus as if wearing a radar.

“I would compare myself to every single girl that walked by me on the street — ‘what do her legs, arms, butt look like?’ — and I would compare it to myself. I ran through this every day. It consumed my thoughts,” Sicard said.

The 2015 Healthy Minds survey, conducted nationwide, found 19.7 percent of UW students screen positively for an eating disorder.

Put another way, Lawson said, if you know five students on campus, you know one who screens positive for an eating disorder.

A positive screen for an eating disorder does not imply diagnosis, but a heightened risk for dangerous behaviors.

Comparison and competition are defining features of the campus setting, Lawson said. In addition, extreme behaviors from drinking, to sleeping, to eating, to exercise become normalized.

“At their core, campuses are so competitive in so many different realms. There are measurable ones, like grades, athletics, internship experience,” Collins said. “But there are also those you can’t measure past your own perception, and body image is one of those things.”

After struggling with disordered thoughts and behaviors throughout high school, Sicard found herself immersed in this atmosphere. Terrorized by the “freshman 15,” she lost her sense of control, and began binging.

Chanda Bolander, coordinator of Eating Disorder Services at UHS, said fear of the “freshman 15” causes a heightened anxiety that can turn into an eating disorder.

But this fear is rooted in myth. Numerous studies on health and bodies have repeatedly found the “freshman 15” is nothing more than a parable, Lawson said. Average weight change is around five pounds — normal for freshmen-aged women who are still going through puberty.

But some still experience body hate, regardless of the number on the scale. UW senior Jeung Bok Holmquist, a film major, said entering college transformed their obsession with weight to an obsession with appearance.

“The body dysmorphia was constant,” Holmquist said. “I was delusional, convinced I was truly overweight when I truly was not.”

Body dysmorphic disorder is a body image disorder characterized by persistent, intrusive preoccupations with an imagined deficit in one’s appearance. While not necessarily linked to weight, BDD often occurs with eating disorders.

And for someone with very low body image, at high risk for developing BDD, the campus environment can be the trigger.

UW junior Kyra, who asked to be identified by her first name only, was diagnosed with anorexia nervosa in seventh grade. She spent six months in treatment prior to college before dropping her weight once again during her first semester.

From living in a dorm to rushing a sorority, being exposed to people who all seemed happy and beautiful was overwhelming, Kyra said. And post-anorexia treatment, many people develop bulimic tendencies.

“Living in a dorm, sharing bathrooms, sometimes deterred my behavior,” Kyra said. “But so often, you overhear someone judging another person as fat or ugly … It was very triggering. I felt I could be that girl they were talking about.”

The strain on women to appear as thin as possible also stems from the uninvited, persistent hyper-sexualization of the female body, Kyra said. The worthiness of a woman, so deeply intertwined with her desirability, leaves girls feeling pathetic or irrelevant if they aren’t “sexy.”

While men are not subject to the same standards, they aren’t immune to body insecurity and disordered eating. UW senior Matt Grande, a psychology major, struggled with body image throughout high school, and has repeatedly engaged in restrictive behaviors during college.

For men, the pressure is not to be skinny, but the polar opposite, Grande said. The male narrative is centered around exercise. Instead of expressing their insecurities, men become obsessed with working out.

“I know men experience it, but we never talk about it,” Grande said.

“I was delusional, convinced I was truly overweight when I truly was not.”

not really small, so people would think I didn’t really have a problem.”

While UHS can offer services within its scope, patients requiring more intensive therapy are referred to outpatient clinics, like Westside, where Eugster approximates nearly 30 percent of clientele are UW students. Full-blown anorexia is not so common, but there are a huge number of women hyperexercising and under-eating, Eugster said.

This is consistent with the narrative of many UW students, who are restricting, binging and purging without diagnosis, but require treatment nonetheless.

Kyra, still in the process of recovery, believes prevention efforts are critical. Restrictive behaviors are reversible, but the firm grasp of negative thoughts, even after treating the behavioral component, is powerful.

“I would sit down with another chair in front of me and talk to my eating disorder. I needed to tell myself it was not a part of me.”

- Andrea Collins

Removing barriers to access in treatment

- Jeung Bok Holmquist

Campus atmosphere can exacerbate body hate

A range of factors, including stress and isolation, make college campuses a hotbed for several mental health issues, said Sandra Eugster, founder of Westside Psychotherapy outpatient clinic in Madison.

“If you’re not told your cognitions are distorted or your behavior is concerning, then in the college setting, body expectations overshadow more rational thoughts about appropriate exercising and eating,” Lawson said.

Will Cox, assistant scientist in the psychology department, studies the effects of fat-shaming. On campus, while fat-shaming may not be overt, a serious concern is “fat-talk” among peers.

“We have young women who get together — each girl talks casually about how fat she thinks she, but it actually has negative effects on [the others],” Cox said. “The way you talk about yourself affects how others feel about themselves.”

Women are used to talking poorly about themselves, and it’s highly contagious, Sicard said.

This also heightens risk for social reinforcement of dangerous behavior. Girls often severely restrict intake before a night of drinking to save calories, exercise serves as punishment for unhealthy eating and fashion choices become driven by how clothes reflect body weight rather than aesthetic preference.

Holmquist, who is Japanese, describes their standard experience scanning a lecture hall — an experience shared with many students of color at UW. “You sit in a 100-person lecture and you see all these skinny, white girls with the same clothes, the same body … and you realize, I will forever not look like them,” Holmquist said.

While eating disorders have been historically perceived as a plight for white women, Bolanger said the demographic picture of UW students seeking treatment from UHS confirms eating disorders do not discriminate. Eating disorders are not genderspecific, she said, nor do they vary by race or class.

UW senior Sam*, who identifies as a gay man, found that coming out in college exacerbated pressure to fit a certain body type. The societal expectation is that gay men are skinny, Sam said. But striking that balance between “not-too-muscular” and “not-too-scrawny” is near-impossible.

But the LGBTQ+ community can also be a protective factor.

This was the case for Holmquist, when they transitioned to identifying as non-binary.

“The gay women I hang out with are so loving, accepting of their bodies,” Holmquist said. “I think we’ve unlearned some of what straight women are taught, which hinges on obsession with male gaze.”

Unfortunately, not all students have the support of family or community, UW alumna Ameerah*, said. As a Muslim and first-generation American, she knew discussing this incredibly stigmatized disorder with parents would only catalyze arguments and denial.

Body insecurities don’t discriminate

For marginalized students, body shape becomes yet another dimension on which they don’t belong.

The alienation minority students already face because of their identities can elevate the risk of body hate, UW sophomore Saja Basan, who is majoring in psychology and gender and women’s studies, said.

Basan, who identifies as Arab, said her body image challenges intensified in college, where she began a pattern of restrictive eating and binging.

“The lack of body diversity is the main problem. I see so many girls here with the same body type and it’s the one associated with being beautiful,” Basan said. “Too many body positivity campaigns all center on white women.”

As a result, it can still feel like there is no right way for a woman of color to have a body, Basan said.

The tremendous stigma and shame associated with eating disorders contributes to what Eugster sees as a real disparity between eating disorder statistics and reality.

Most people suffering from eating disorders or disordered eating are not seeking treatment, which makes it increasingly difficult to understand the magnitude of the problem, Eugster said.

The complexity with eating disorders is how easily they can manipulate the mind into believing these are healthy, goalachieving mechanisms, since they are very functional in the shortterm. In reality, Lawson said, an eating disorder is a separate part of you, sabotaging your goals and identity.

“The difficulty is pulling the two apart — what is me, and what is my eating disorder,” Lawson said.

An additional danger is the large subset of students on campus who don’t seek treatment because they don’t meet the criteria for the disorders, but continue harming themselves.

And waiting for symptoms to appear before seeking help can be deadly. UW junior, math and geography major Claire, who chose to be identified by her first name only, recalls distress when she experienced amenorrhea, the loss of menstruation diagnosed in anorexic patients.

“I remember thinking, ‘I started this because I wanted to be healthy, and now I’m not sure I can have a child’,” Claire said.

To serve this population, eating disorder treatment at UHS is not exclusively administered to students who are diagnosed with an eating disorder, Bolanger said. People don’t always fit into the boxes built by DSM criteria.

Treatment starts with a phone call discussing symptoms and service options. UHS offers individual counseling, brief treatment and group therapy, Lawson said. Group therapy can be especially helpful since eating disorders are “disorders of secrecy.” It can be helpful to talk to others who have experienced the same thing.

But for Rhodes, the fear of not being taken seriously prevented her from utilizing group therapy offered by UHS. “I went to UHS and they offered group therapy, but I didn’t want to do that,” Rhodes said. “I feared I’d walk in, and I’m

Recovery is a jagged road

Recovery requires nourishment, Li said.

The effects of being undernourished mirror exhaustion. The daily rigors of life and difficulty concentrating or handling stress, paired with the disordered cognitions consuming the mind, put the body in a state of weakness which is unreceptive to therapy, Li said.

But after restoring the body, recovery of the mind is possible.

“I would sit down with another chair in front of me and talk to my eating disorder,” Collins said. “I needed to tell myself it was not a part of me and I could overcome it, with an action plan.”

When it comes to awareness, a general sense that many classmates also feel insecure about their bodies is inadequate, Collins said. Complacency and acceptance that body hate and restrictive eating are simply part of the college experience fuel the continuation of this epidemic.

“The university should be talking about this to freshman,” Kyra said. “We talk about sexual assault and substance abuse, and these dangerous behaviors are happening on a similar level.”

For Sicard, and the many others on campus who share her experience, eventually realizing that she had control over nothing but treating herself with love ultimately began her healing process.

Recovery is a lifestyle, not a destination. Inevitable ups and downs, relapses and moments of weakness do not negate progress.

“We all come in different bodies, and there is so much beauty in each body we don’t appreciate,” Basan said. “Learning to appreciate my own individuality definitely helped me. That’s what healed me.” *Names have been changed to protect the privacy of sources who have experienced eating disorders.

Designed by Autumn Brown November 7, 2017 • badgerherald.com •15

OPINION

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Lack of affordable housing in Madison makes city less inclusive

Policies to reduce crime, increase living options will make Wisconsin cities better places to live for current and future inhabitants

by Amanda Love Columnist

In this day and age, the United States is a predominantly urban society, however, cities can be difficult places to live for the poor.

Although decades after segregation officially ended, its effects are still seen in where people live.

Wisconsin is no exception to these problems, so how can we make our cities more inclusive places?

Looking first at Madison, Mayor Paul Soglin has been seen by some as too harsh on the homeless, having proposed ordinances to prohibit sleeping outside during the day downtown and panhandling on roadway medians.

On the surface, this seems like the opposite of inclusive. It is important to recognize, however, that efforts to curb the negative behavior of a small group make cities more welcoming to majority of people going about their day.

The visible homeless population that loiters around the Veterans Museum during the day, getting into fights and leering at passersby are not simply needy people who could just be helped with more resources.

I’ve been homeless here, and have known some of these people.

Those who want to improve their lives have more important things to do than cause trouble for others.

For those who do have a place to live, however, Madison’s relative lack of affordable housing is a problem.

More than a decade ago, the City of Madison adopted a program called Inclusionary Zoning in an attempt to increase the affordable housing stock.

It imposed a requirement to add 15 percent below market rate units to new developments, but was supposed to alleviate the added costs by allowing developers to exceed normal zoning restrictions.

It was a disaster. When projects got proposed, the neighborhoods often opposed them for not conforming to the neighborhood plan, and developers would often ultimately be denied the exemptions.

Even when constructed, the affordable units had a reputation of being difficult to actually purchase.

After only two years, Inclusionary Zoning was scrapped.

Even now, overly restrictive zoning codes and neighborhood plans designed to prevent multifamily homes from being built or existing singlefamily homes from being converted only delay the inevitability of change, and push many of Madison’s poor into isolated areas, far from basic amenities.

On the bright side, Madison has recently opened the door for homeowners to build accessory dwelling units — a smaller, separate home on the property that can then be rented out —though only time will tell whether many take up this opportunity.

Compared to Madison, though, Milwaukee and its suburbs have a big problem with inclusivity.

“For those who do have a place to live, however, Madison’s relative lack of affordable housing is a problem.”

A 2012 study by the conservative think tank Manhattan Institute, found Milwaukee to be the most segregated metropolitan area in the United States.

Like many places in the Midwest, Milwaukee has a history of explicitly discriminatory housing codes, and many neighborhoods downtown were subjected to redlining.

These practices, however, were outlawed in 1968. Segregation has declined in Milwaukee since the 1970s, but not by nearly as much as other American cities.

What makes Milwaukee different? Less gentrification, for a start.

While it has its charms, with high taxes and one of the highest crime rates in the country, Milwaukee is hardly the ideal place to move to.

Some neighborhoods, like Bayview and Riverwest, are attracting young, collegeeducated white people back to the city.

While gentrification is often regarded as some kind of evil that must be resisted — where colonizers come in to destroy the unique character of the neighborhood — a process that brings badly needed resources and increased diversity should be welcomed.

If we want to make our cities more inclusive and better places to live, we need to insist on policies that reduce crime and nuisances, which make life worse for everyone else and to guard against making it difficult for newcomers to move into a neighborhood.

Amanda Love (alove2@wisc.edu) is a senior majoring in mathematics.

Center for Religion and Global Citizenry good starting point, but more could be done Conversations around interfaith should aim to include entire UW community , including those who may disagree with their applications

by David Weinberg Columnist

Looking for ways to explore connections between religious faiths? The brand-new Center for Religion and Global Citizenry might be just the place for you.

The center unites students of different beliefs, including Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Judaism, Buddhism and secular humanism to generate inter-religious dialogue at the University of Wisconsin. While the center itself is an educational opportunity for 12 selected students to discuss these issues, the center ’s contributions to campus are expected to go well-beyond that room — bringing interfaith conversation to the entire UW community through exciting events, panels and discussions.

But increasing dialogue isn’t the only goal of the new center. In the event of incidents of hate, discrimination or bigotry, the center will provide a unified front for all religious faiths to condemn these actions.

At a moment, when powerful forces aim to fuel religious division and fan the flames of intolerance, it’s crucial that the center serves

16 • badgerherald.com •November 7, 2017

as a campus headquarters in leading the charge against such sentiments. At times, it can be easy to lose sight of the fact that the overwhelming majority of Jews, Christians, Muslims, Atheists, etc. are good-hearted people who share more similarities than differences. Rather than allow ourselves to be divided by the nuanced distinctions between religions, we must remember that we are a stronger UW and a stronger community when we come together and consider the broader values we all share: Love, tolerance and respect.

Therefore, it’s essential that inter-faith discussions occur on campus. But I do worry that the center ’s conversations — thus far — are too abstract and distant to have applicable implications for campus climate. By limiting the center ’s actual members to only 12 selected students, what is supposed to be a campus hub for inclusivity and conversation is instead practicing exclusivity and silencing the voices of potential members who applied.

While the center is planning to hold at least one campus-wide event this semester and two to three next semester, I wonder if this is

really enough to make a significant impact on campus climate.

I urge the center to turn its attention away from conversation among these 12 members and instead focus more on the vital work of expanding these conversations to the broader UW campus through a variety of events.

To do this, I suggest that the center ’s events for the broader campus revolve more around traditional foods, dance, arts, cultural celebrations, shared worship services etc. than around facilitated discussion. Through these get-togethers — attracting students of all faiths and backgrounds — students will be able to experience first-hand what is harder to appreciate through preconceived conversation: We are more alike than we are different and, despite our wide variety of faiths, share similar values.

While tough and deep conversations must absolutely remain a core component of the efforts to form a united UW, I feel that the aforementioned events will prove more successful in positively altering campus

climate and will prevent a perception from developing that the center ’s work is that of closed-off philosophical discussion among a limited group of elites.

Overall, the Center for Religion and Global Citizenry is exactly what’s needed on our campus. Just recently, the results of UW the most recent campus climate survey revealed that students of certain minority religious affiliations perceived a less-positive campus climate than other groups.

Considering both the sentiments on our own campus and the harmful efforts of some prominent political leaders to evoke religious division, there is no better time than right now to spark inter-religious dialogue.

Though the center is in its infancy, the efforts of the center ’s members combined with the participation of the broader UW community of students, I know that we can make a positive impact by creating a more unified campus.

David Weinberg (dweinberg4@wisc.edu) is a sophomore studying political science and finance.

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Ideas on Trial: Non-gun owners arguably have little authority to call for increased gun control Promoting increased gun safety instead of calling for elimination of all firearms a more productive route for change Alhadeff On the subject of gun control, I think it is worth separating my thoughts into two categories: Ideal and realistic.

In terms of my ideal preferences on gun control, I wholeheartedly believe in abolishing any rights to guns in America. As the Las Vegas shooting poignantly reminded me, guns are used to take lives or, at the very least, threaten or injure someone. I am not persuaded by arguments that “good guys with guns will stop bad guys with guns.” As Jordan Klepper satirically pointed out on The Daily Show, that argument is erroneous.

Instead, the U.S. has nearly 16 times as many gun homicides per capita as Germany and owns nearly half of the world’s gun, yet has only 4.4 percent of the world’s population. None of this mentions the fact that a majority of gun deaths come from suicide, made a lot more likely to be successful with the presence of a gun. Because guns are so prevalent, scores of children die annually because of accidental gun discharges.

In 2015 alone, 141 children died this way. I think there are a million other justifications for abolishing gun rights, but I will not continue down that path.

Fritz Your introduction is a great jumping off point and definitely brings up some salient reasons for gun control. It’s interesting that you propose eliminating gun rights completely. I think we both agree that seems highly unlikely, but let’s discuss why you think it’s the way to go and what the implications would be.

Gun control is a balance between personal liberties and collective safety. Our opinion of this balance is undoubtedly influenced by our experience with guns. Essentially, if you don’t benefit from gun ownership it becomes a lot easier to take away that liberty. Do you think you or I have any responsibility to understand and acknowledge the value of guns to gun owners, or to protect the right to own and use them if we may not share that value?

Alhadeff I completely cede the point that I have little experience with a gun. I will further agree that I ought to do more to learn what it is like to even hold a gun, let alone shoot or own one. That

said, I do not think that gun rights as an identity are enough justification to preserve guns in the face of the horrible damage they can cause to people’s lives.

Admittedly, guns hold a special place in the hearts of Americans around the country who treasure the enjoyment and identity they receive from them. However, guns also hold a special place in the hearts of Americans for the lifechanging traumatic experiences guns put them through, whether it be themselves or a loved one suffering at the hands of someone with a gun. For me, I have a hard time protecting any identity that, through its protection in legal doctrine, has contributed to the death of nearly 13,000 through October of this year.

There have been numerous examples where a liberty or a right was taken away for the purpose of improving society. Just because something was originally enshrined in the Constitution does not mean it should remain there permanently.

As we all learned in 6th-grade civics class, the Constitution is a living document always open to amendment. That’s why we have had 27 of them. When we thought a previous decision was bad, we decided it was time to change that rule.

For the first century or so of our nation’s history, we indirectly elected Senators by allowing them to be selected by the state legislatures. This was not written in an amendment — it was enshrined in the Constitution itself. Nevertheless, eventually we discovered several problems with this system, including corruption and ineffective governance, so we decided to change the Constitution.

The Tenth Amendment protects state’s rights on issues not specifically enumerated by the Constitution. However, in multiple instances — whether formally through an amendment, procedurally through laws passed by the federal government or judicially through a new interpretation of constitutional text — we have altered the spectrum of what is considered the domain of the states.

We are not only allowed to but encouraged, to consistently revisit the Constitution and ask ourselves what does and does not work,

including preserving or abolishing certain rights and liberties. I believe for numerous reasons that the protections of the Second Amendment do not work and ought to be changed.

Fritz I agree with you that gun ownership isn’t beyond reconsidering just because it’s in an Amendment. Instead, I think it’s worth reflecting on how our own inexperience with guns could shape our opinion of gun owners and gun ownership.

It’s very possible that there are a lot of positive experiences associated with guns separate of the violence that you or I more commonly hear about. Furthermore, I’m not sure we should ban something just because it’s dangerous. For example, you mentioned there being something like 13,000 gun deaths so far this year. Looking at 2016 data, it looks like about 12,500 people died from violent gun deaths which comes down to 3.85 deaths per 100,000 people. Also in 2016, about 37,500 people died from cars or 11.6 deaths per 100,000 people. If nearly three times as many people are killed by vehicles should we ban them too?

Alhadeff I get that argument. Cars are dangerous and cause a lot of deaths. Therefore, we are doing something about it. Car safety is constantly being improved upon, both by the volition of the carmakers themselves and through federal regulations requiring certain safety standards (exhaust, airbags, crash protections, window type, etc.). So clearly we have recognized the danger of cars and are doing something to reduce the number of deaths from these vehicles, which is more than we can say for guns.

Either way, there is a fundamental difference between vehicles and guns: The primary purpose of a vehicle is not to hurt or kill someone or something. Stated differently, the only reason you ever use a gun is for the purpose of injuring someone or something else (or at least threatening injury). On the other hand, cars serve a purpose beyond their potential violence. They

get people where they want to go, advancing our economy and society. The same cannot be said for guns.

I fear we have been accurately summed up by Dan Hodges when he tweeted, “In retrospect, Sandy Hook marked the end of the U.S. gun control debate. Once America decided killing children was bearable, it was over.”

Fritz I’m not sure the only reason there is for using a gun is to threaten injury; I’ve certainly used a gun without wanting to injure someone/thing with it. I agree with you on the importance of practical gun safety measures like banning bump stocks etc. — in fact, these efforts enjoy support from moderates of both parties. However, safety measures are drastically different than banning all guns completely.

In closing, I want to point out two interesting pieces of information.

First, according to a Pew survey, in 2000, 67 percent of Americans supported gun control, and 29 percent supported gun rights. By 2016, 46 percent supported gun control, and 52 percent supported gun rights.

Second, according to a Harvard study, in Republican states a mass killing “increases the number of enacted laws that loosen gun restrictions by 75 percent” and in Democratic states, mass shootings “have no significant effect on laws passed.”

You’re definitely right, Sam, that we shouldn’t turn our nose to tragedies like Sandy Hook — but given the increased support for gun rights, it seems the only practical way to ensure gun safety is to show gun owners that we’re not trying to take their guns, we just want them to be used safely.

Samuel Fritz (svbfritz@gmail.com) is a senior majoring in engineering, and Sam Alhadeff (salhadeff@wisc.edu) is a Master’s student in international public affairs.

Interested in contributing to the political disagreement column? Email oped@badgerherald.com to get in on the conversation.

November 7, 2017 • badgerherald.com • 17

OPINION

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Rights of collective outweigh individual rights in fight for gun control

Increased prevalence of guns in society, on UW campus, would not make students safer, instead putting them in harm’s way

by Abigail Steinberg Columnist

Every few weeks, my generally silent phone comes alive with multiple texts from friends.

Where are you? Are you safe? Stay at home.

Did you hear what happened by Ingraham?

Get away from Union South. Guy with a gun on Bascom, get out now!

Violence and violent gun threats on campus seem to have drastically increased this semester, and it is going to take more than a few texts from friends to keep each other safe.

The University of Wisconsin Police Department has been doing all it can to protect the students, but there will come a day where it may not be enough. So what then? Who can protect us from the inevitable?

The answer lies with our government, which within the first line of its founding document establishes the purpose of government: to establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility and promote the general welfare of its constituents. In layman’s terms, the core reason for the existence of the government, both state and federal, is to protect the people at all costs.

In turn, Americans sacrifice individual freedoms, which is in alignment with philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Social Contract, aspects of which have been a part of America’s civic workings since conception.

When followed closely, the Social Contract allows for longevity and efficiency in

government. However, the Social Contract is in danger, and in turn, so are we.

For years now, there have been threats of passing a law which would allow UW System students to carry firearms throughout campus and within campus buildings without a permit. This diverges from current legislation, which permits concealed carry in Wisconsin, but not in any educational facility. Supporters of these measures claim that it is within their second amendment rights to carry a firearm wherever they want.

However, this brings up an even more crucial debate — are individual rights more important than greater safety?

If the recent events on campus have shown anything, the influx of second amendment rights are a danger for students, regardless of the position they take on this debate. The greater amount of guns on campus, the larger chance of there is of violence, and eventual student casualties.

Campus carry on UW campus is dangerous for a variety of reasons. Firstly, guns coupled with the party culture Madison is known for is a recipe for disaster.

A drunken fist fight outside of a frat party or Badger tailgate that should end with bruises and nothing more could end with people, including innocent bystanders, being shot and killed.

Even though people must be determined to be of sound mind, drinking strips people of their inhibitions, and best intentions may turn into someone’s untimely end.

Although concealed carry, and campus carry for that matter, are intended to keep campus safe, the effects elsewhere have been opposite. People mean to shoot the “bad guys,” but the deaths resulting from concealed carry, like that of Trayvon Martin, have done little to get rid of threats of violence.

In fact, concealed carry has had the exact opposite effect, being responsible for 494 U.S. civilian deaths, 23 mass shootings and the death of 14 law enforcement officers, according to the Violence Policy Institute. We have been lucky that this year’s instances have left most people relatively unscathed, but combine statistics like these with our campus’ already increasing occurrences of violent threats, and watch student casualties increase.

While concealed and campus carry are protected by the second amendment, there is legal precedence to deny these rights. The Constitution is a living document, and just as the 21st amendment nullified the 18th amendment, laws can be made to prohibit concealed carry on campus despite the second amendment.

The second amendment should be taken with a grain of salt anyways, as it has become mostly obsolete.

The right to bear arms was more important when America was a budding nation without a trained and organized army. Similarly, it did not have the consequences that it does now thanks to technological advancement.

Freedom to brandish a musket that takes several minutes to clean and load had much less dire consequences than carrying a semiautomatic handgun.

Perhaps the greatest reason to ban campus carry is an individual’s responsibility for upholding the social contract. Despite the second amendment protecting these rights, individual rights must be sacrificed in order to preserve our university’s greater safety.

The needs of the many must outweigh the needs of the few, and banning campus carry is the first step to ensuring campus safety.

Because as much as we wish, texts making sure you got home safe, and even law enforcement may never be enough to keep us safe. Only the lack of weapons will.

Abby Steinberg (abigailsteinberg@outlook.com) is a freshman majoring in political science and intending to major in journalism.

Wisconsin politicians should turn to Kind for guidance, leadership Political compromise in hyper-polarized America key to either party pushing policies through state, national legislatures

by Lucas Johnson Opinion Editor

Let’s get something out of the way that everyone knows: When politicians work collaboratively and through compromise, their tendency to pass effective measures likely increases. As in any arbitrary case, compromise works by including the collective interests of both sides of a spectrum and concluding at an agreeable middle ground.

In a Democracy that’s split into two distinct parties, disagreements aren’t likely, but certain. As such, successful legislation mustn’t disproportionately favor one party over another if the aim is to first pass the legislation, and second to enact widespread change.

U.S. Rep. Ron Kind, D-Wisc., recently spoke out regarding the state of hyper-partisan politics as it relates to tax and healthcare reform. Kind firmly believes the government needs to reevaluate and edit their tax and health care systems, but sees no future in which these reforms pass effectively under the current political climate.

“We’ve got to figure out a way to get out of this unhealthy dynamic in our democracy,” he 18 • badgerherald.com •November 7, 2017

said on the Sunday morning political talk show “Capital City Sunday.”

Kind has had enough of the metaphorical “political ping pong” inhibiting the nation from progressing. Specifically, with regard to Affordable Care Act reform, Kind takes issue in the Trump administration’s indecisiveness and lack of commitment. When the Trump administration announced a plan to defund the $7 billion in annual subsidies to health insurance companies, a financial stream that helps seven million Americans afford insurance, Senators Lamar Alexander , R- TN, and Patty Murray, D-Wa., announced a plan to restore funding for such subsidies and keep them afloat for two years. Trump initially claimed to support the plan, but later moved away in a tweet.

This is the kind of back and forth that Kind had the bravery to condemn. What’s more — considering Alexander is a Republican and Murray a Democrat — is their bipartisan cooperation is precisely the kind of action that will help to pass effective legislation. By keeping both party’s interests in mind moving forward, Alexander and Murray were doing the right

thing if successful legislation is the ultimate goal. This is the kind of attitude Kind supports unequivocally: Should parties continue to bicker back and forth, even quarreling within their own party lines, nothing is going to be accomplished that benefits the average American.

“You’re going to end up with less insured, while costing more. I don’t think any rational person would think that’s true healthcare reform. It takes us backward,” Kind said.

This type of outspoken political conversation needs to become the norm among all politicians, and Wisconsin representatives specifically.

According to the Wisconsin State Journal, an estimated 174,000 Wisconsin residents have signed up for Obamacare, meaning a sizable number of citizens are at risk of losing their insurance should healthcare reform pass under the current pattern. What’s more, the proposed tax reforms don’t value small business nearly enough, as Kind outlines.

“Especially for small businesses, the complexity of the code is driving them nuts, they’re having to spend more resources just

to comply,” he said. “That’s a lot of wasted energy and efficiency out there.”

This idealistic vision of political cooperation and unity is nothing new, obviously the average American wishes for a political climate that benefits the most people possible. What’s more, there are partisan political issues that warrant splits in political perspective and ideology. The energy channeled into partisan politics, however, should be equally channeled into focusing on policies which meet in the middle, because the reality of the situation is that is the only way legislation will be passed.

Politicians like Kind are starting in a good place, but naming the issue is half the battle.

Wisconsin representatives need to follow Kind’s example. Kind is not alone in his criticisms of the current system regardless of political party, and it’s crucial for both parties to recognize that, even under a bipartisan lens, agreement can be reached that keeps more than the one party in mind.

Lucas Johnson (ljohnson52@wisc.edu) is a sophomore majoring in journalism.

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Trump’s first year in office characterized by policy failure, spread of racism Impotent, inefficient party politics, inflamatory rhetoric, endanger future of the United States under Trump administration

by Aly Niehans Opinion Editor

Nov. 7, 2016, was a day I went into hoping and expecting to see the first female elected to the highest office in the United States.

As I sat in my room watching the votes slowly trickle in, my stomach did little backflips each time a state turned red on CNN’s election map.

“They’re all traditionally conservative states,” I told myself. “It doesn’t matter, Hillary’s states just haven’t been counted yet.”

I fell asleep before the results were official, trying to give myself one little shred of hope that I still may wake up to find that Hillary had pulled a miracle out of thin air, securing the necessary 270 electoral votes.

Unfortunately for myself, and for the country, the headlines the next morning trumpeted the announcement that Donald J. Trump, not Hillary Clinton, would be the 45th president of the United States.

After reassurances from trusted professors, experts on the American democratic experiment and journalists who claimed it “couldn’t be that bad,” days began to fill with cancelled classes, support groups and open office hours to talk through what Trump meant for this country.

I slowly started to believe that maybe, just maybe, four years wasn’t that long of a time — that four years wasn’t enough time to do lasting damage to this country.

A year later, reflecting on Trump’s election and subsequent ascendancy to the White House, I think it’s safe to say that I was sadly mistaken.

Four years, with a potential of eight, is an eternity when it means having a person like Trump in office.

Day in and day out, this country is reminded through President Donald Trump’s actions that he is neither a politician, a diplomat, a savvy businessman nor a leader.

Trump hit the ground with his feet

“Four years, with a potential of eight, is an eternity when it means having a person like Trump in office.”

running, but in a direction that ultimately would back him into a corner with way too many balls in the air for him to juggle.

One of the largest campaign promises Trump made, the repeal and replacement of the Affordable Care Act proved to be the most difficult for the president to handle, revealing his political ineptness.

For as long as the Affordable Care Act has existed, the Republican’s have rampantly reiterated their desire to repeal and replace it with private health insurance.

Criticizing the increased taxes, decrease in healthcare quality, and in addition to the nation’s already sky-high debt, the Republicans, led by Wisconsin native and Speaker of the House Paul Ryan, raced toward their proposed healthcare plan, which was supposed to go to vote in March, just two months after Trump’s inauguration.

Much to the chagrin of the Republican party, the bill didn’t even make it to vote, exposing deep divisions within the party, especially from members of the Freedom House Caucus, the most conservative sect of the GOP. Not only did this put on prominent display the incoherent leadership of the top Republicans, namely Trump and Ryan, with their inability to gain consensus on an issue so central to the party’s dogma, but it set the tone for the swift unraveling of any immediate plans to repeal the hated Obamacare.

While the failure of the GOP on healthcare is ultimately good for millions of Americans who will continue to have access to quality, affordable healthcare, low-cost contraception and mental health treatment, the overall picture painted by the debacle is bleak.

The party in control of all branches of government could not pass their staple legislation because they were both incapable of drafting a legitimate bill and of garnering any semblance of intra-party support (not even mentioning partisan support).

Additionally, the president was too out of touch with the reality of Washington to do anything more than sit at his desk in the oval office and threaten his party, the Democrats and the country that Obamacare would “blow up.”

In his short tenure in the office thus far, things most certainly have blown up, but it hasn’t been Obamacare. Instead, it has been the explosion of racist, sexist, ethnocentric policies and actions propelled by Trump.

Trump’s multiple attempts to institute immigration bans on countries in the Middle East highlighted a pervasive Islamophobic element of Trump’s rhetoric — drumming up intense nationalism within his base and within the GOP to create an America devoid of diversity, repelling foreigners who speak a different language or worship a different God as all having ties to “radical Islamic terrorists.”

Trump has alleged that Islam hates America, and that somehow hate is embedded in the very essence of Islam.

Photo · A year into Trump’s America reveals fractures within Republican Party, pushing American political polarization further to the extreme.

Doha Awad The Badger Herald Unsurprisingly, the amount of tangible hate crimes against Muslims in America has spiked with the flow of Islamophobic rhetoric flowing out the White House.

Trump’s bigoted attacks haven’t stopped at denigrating. The highest percentage of Americans since at least 1995 — when polls started officially tracing the population’s attitudes — say racism is a “big problem” in the country today.

In the wake of white supremacist Nazi rallies such as Charlottesville, 58 percent of people believe Trump failed to convincingly condemn, have noticed and are concerned with the dramatic increase in white supremacist attitudes failing to elicit condemnation or consequences from an administration sympathetic to their cause.

A year into Trump’s America blatantly shows his administration’s lack of regard for minority rights, women’s rights and LGBTQ+ rights.

A year has proven ample time for a seemingly insurmountable rift to form between conservatives and liberals, between old friends, family members and communities.

A year has resulted in little concrete policy formation, least of all in areas of Republican concern such as health care, tax reform and immigration.

Trump’s America is a scary place, a place that knows no political correctness, a place that white supremacists roam the halls of Congress and the White House, a place where rights are stripped away from already marginalized groups.

Trump’s America is not great now, nor will it ever be.

Aly Niehans (aniehans@badgerherald.com) is a sophomore majoring in international studies and intending to major in journalism.

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From quarterback to safety: Joe Ferguson’s journey to UW

His addiction for playing football lead him to playing safety and quarterback in high school, but his love for the game would force his hand Kristen Larson Sports Editor

Although Joe Ferguson was one of the better quarterbacks to come out of Madison Memorial high school, it would be his decision to also play safety during high school that would allow him to continue to play football in college.

Ferguson grew up in a football family, with his father playing quarterback in high school, and eventually would play linebacker for Nebraska. Ferguson’s grandfather is Barry Alvarez, who also played linebacker for Nebraska before beginning his coaching career.

When he was young, Ferguson loved being on the field, and would often try to find ways to keep playing the sport, even when it wasn’t his turn to be on the field. That is how Ferguson would eventually become the starting safety for his high school team — he was just trying to find a way to stay on the field a little longer.

“Ever since I’ve played football I’ve always played both ways,” Ferguson said.

“In high school, when I became the starting quarterback, I played safety as well. It got to the point where our offense was so important, that we needed to score, that they didn’t want me to get too tired or didn’t want me to get hurt, so I had to stop playing defense.”

Ferguson was impressive as a quarterback for Madison Memorial, and was frequently one of the best quarterbacks in the state. Despite an impressive performance during his four years in high school, Ferguson was not getting many looks from collegiate scouts.

With mostly Division II or Division III schools offering him quarterback positions, and no better offers coming from any Division I schools, Ferguson was put in an awkward position. Either he would play at a less competitive level of football, but continue playing the position he loves, or forgoing a sure thing for the chance to be a walk-on at a bigger university..

Looking back at it now, one of the things that Ferguson remembers most about the opportunity was how humbling it would be for him. Challenging himself to play at a Division I school wouldn’t come easy for him, but Ferguson knew that it would make him stronger in the long run.

20 • badgerherald.com • Novermber 7, 2017

Photo · Senior safety Joe Ferguson earned a 99-yard touchdown off of an interception from the Utah State quarterback. During high school, Ferguson used to find himself on the other end of the ball.

Jason Chan The Badger Herald “The only schools that were talking to me were Division III and Division II schools,” Ferguson said. “Who I am as a person, I thought I was better than that. I wanted to go to the big schools, but none of them were really talking to me. It was kind of a humbling experience.”

One of the hardest spots for a walk-on to gain a roster spot in is quarterback, and Ferguson wanted to play football more than he wanted to be a quarterback. He decision to play safety in high school would allow for him to keep his dream of playing collegiate football alive.

Ferguson would be granted a walk-on spot as a safety back in 2013, although his first season with the Badgers would be cut short by an injury. The next few years would see Ferguson steadily working his way up the Wisconsin roster, going from a special team player in 2013 to a second string safety in 2017.

Ferguson’s time as a quarterback would help him immensely during his time at Wisconsin, giving him insight into offense formations and allowing him to see gaps in coverage

better. Having this kind of knowledge is something many players spend years building, but Ferguson would wind up gaining this knowledge unintentionally in high school.

“Playing offense and being a quarterback gave me a jump start. It helped a ton, especially reading quarterback’s eyes and understanding route trees and what receivers are trying to do,” Ferguson said.

While Ferguson might have played both positions in high school, one thing that he had to get used to was being more mobile on the field.

Even though Ferguson might have been considered a running quarterback in high school, getting used to the amount of running that a safety has to do during the average game was still a bit of a struggle for him.

“In high school, I was a running quarterback, but I would never run during practice — I would just throw,” Ferguson said. “Come Friday I would be so gassed. It’s been different now. I feel like a lot more of an athlete now.”

Ferguson has become quite the safety during his time at Wisconsin, earning the school’s longest interception with a 99-yard carry during the 2017 opening game against Utah State.

Ferguson has been showing that he is capable of making some major plays as a safety, including four interceptions gaining a grand total of 136 yards thus far this season.

While Ferguson is happy with his career at Wisconsin, there is still a part of him that misses the days when he was at the helm of the team.

Being a quarterback will always be special to him, but getting to play for Wisconsin has made the sacrifice all worth it in the end.

Even though Ferguson said he still “fantasizes” about being quarterback again,”moving to safety was the right choice for him.

“I miss scoring touchdowns, that was my favorite thing about playing football, but had I played quarterback who knows what would have happened,” Ferguson said. “I wanted to do was play, and I’ve been able to do that.”

SPORTS

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THIS WEEK IN WISCONSIN SPORTS The Kohl Center was abuzz with excitement as both men’s basketball and men’s and women’s hockey welcomed opponents to Madison

Daniel Yun The Badger Herald

Daniel Yun The Badger Herald

Novermber 7, 2017• badgerherald.com • 2 1

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Troy Fumagalli doesn’t consider missing finger a disability Born without his left index finger, the Wisconsin tight end not worried about impact that it might have on his potential NFL career

by Kristen Larson Sports Editor

While a lot of people might know that University of Wisconsin tight end Troy Fumagalli is a great football player, many people might not know that he has a finger missing on his lefthand glove.

Fumagalli had his left index finger amputated when he was younger, when a condition called Amniotic Band Syndrome caused poor circulation to his finger. While ABS is a treatable condition, it often results in the loss of body parts such as fingers, toes and in some cases, may cause full amputation of arms or legs.

Fumagalli grew up without his left-hand finger, so for him it was nothing different or spectacular, and certainly wasn’t something that he would consider a disability. When he started playing football, Fumagalli didn’t let his missing appendage slow him down, and certainly didn’t try to draw any attention to it.

When Fumagalli was in high school, he managed to have a great career with Waubonsie Valley High School, earning 1,770 yards on 64 carries while playing tight end. He also would play defense at times, earning a grand total 172 tackles and 4 sacks in four years.

Even with this impressive performance, Fumagalli would still be considered a 3-star scout by 247 sports. He would wind up being ranked No. 37 tight end in the 2013 class of recruits, and it is possible that his finger is one of the reasons why he was not ranked higher on this list.

Eventually, Fumagalli would commit to Wisconsin during his senior year of high school, and would earn a walk-on scholarship during his second year with the Badgers. Red-shirting in 2013, Fumagalli would earn a letter for his performance with the team in 2014, 2015 and 2016.

While many might look at Fumagalli’s missing finger as a disability, it is not a word choice that the tight end likes to use to describe his condition. He believes that his missing finger is actually a blessing in disguise rather than a burden he has to live with. “[My finger’s] definitely not a disability,” Fumagalli said. “If anything it’s helped me

22 • badgerherald.com • Novermber 7, 2017

grow through some sports, and even made me better.”

Of course, many have tried to heighten the experience that Fumagalli has gone through because of missing finger.

According to Fumagalli, some have tried to make him seem heroic for his missing appendage, but that is not how he likes to look at it.

To him, his finger is just simply something that he does not have, but it has not impacted his playing. Considering that this finger has been missing since his birth, Fumagalli learned to play football the same way that any of his teammates did — there were no special treatment that was needed for him to learn football.

While Fumgalli might not consider his missing finger a major disadvantage, he does realize that how he handles himself with his absent appendage has inspired other younger athletes. Fumagalli said young fans have reached out to him on social media, thanking him for setting an example for kids who also have missing appendages.

“I’ve had some people reach out to me on social media,” Fumagalli said.

“It’s cool. Just the way that they reach out to me. I try to do the most I can for them. Just saying ‘keep pushing’ and stuff like that.”

When you look at Fumagalli’s career stats at Wisconsin, it is incredible to believe someone with a missing finger has now gone on to be one of the most successful tight ends in college football.

What is even more impressive is the fact that Fumagalli remains a humble, down to earth person who rarely gives a second thought to all of the things that he has managed to accomplish with only nine fingers.

Even though it might seem like Fumagalli’s fight to play despite his missing finger is over, there is still one more hurdle that stands in his way.

Fumagalli has been considered one of the highest draft prospects for 2018, but it is possible that teams will be deterred by his missing finger.

The NFL, while they might like to consider themselves to be open minded, tend to be rather old-fashioned when

it comes to their standards for players.

There have been few players in the NFL who have played with missing fingers, any many of those people lost their fingers during their NFL careers, not before their careers began.

Many NFL scouts and analysts have already begun to discuss how they believe a missing finger could contribute to his performance in the NFL, specifically focusing on the belief that NFL tight ends need to have all ten fingers to play at their best. Some scouts even told NFL.com that it would be a situation that would need to be scrutinized.

Fumagalli isn’t worried about all of the speculation that surrounds his potential professional career, knowing that he has built a football resume that speaks for itself.

If a team does have any questions about his missing finger, Fumagalli is perfectly happy to confirm to them that it is no big deal.

“I’m not worried about [a missing finger impacting my potential NFL career],” Fumagalli said. “I’ve played football my whole life and it has never really been an issue for me and no one has ever made it an issue. When that opportunity comes, I am willing to answer any questions that might come up, but I don’t think it will be an issue.”

For now, there might be a missing finger spot on Fumagalli’s left-hand glove — but there is certainly nothing missing from his game. Wisconsin has been lucky to have Fumagalli for the past five years, and any NFL team would be lucky to have him on their team.

Photo · Troy Fumagalli celebrates a successful reception with quarterback Alex Hornibrook. Fumagalli has become one of Hornibrook’s top targets, and has paved successful career here at Wisconsin.

Riley Steinbrenner The Badger Herald

Novermber 7, 2017• badgerherald.com • 23

SPORTS

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UW volleyball to remain tough contender during post season play Past teams have always found success during post season play, despite regular season ranking, current team is no different Alanna Goldman Volleyball beat writer

With the conference seasons coming to a close in a few weeks, and NCAA releasing their first round of rankings, teams are starting to look ahead into December, and Wisconsin’s volleyball team is no different.

After entering the conference season undefeated, the Badgers now, as of Friday afternoon, find themselves 6-6 in conference play, which is a testament to the strength of the Big Ten. Despite having a .500 record in conference, if playoffs started today, they would be the 10th seed in the tournament, allowing them to host the first two rounds of play.

In the NCAA volleyball tournament, only the top 16 teams are given seeds, Which means despite their Big Ten record this season, Wisconsin would still earn a seed in the NCAA tournament, since the Badgers are currently ranked No. 8 in the nation.

Wisconsin would be one of the five Big Ten teams to make it into the NCAA tournament if it started Nov. 10th.

The Badgers have had an up and down season. They have a young team with only two seniors, and they have a freshman, Sydney Hilley, running their offense. In all the matches they dropped this season, they have been within striking distance of a win.

Thus far, they have been unable to close out sets or come back from holes they’ve dug themselves from slow starts. The key to this is more consistent play through out. They have moments of greatness, but continue to make untimely errors down the stretch.

The Big Ten is a tough conference, and none of their loses have been embarrassing, but it is certainly frustrating for the players to not get the results they want, especially after three years of being at the top of the conference.

They won the Big Ten Championship in 2014.

So how far will the Badgers go in the tournament? December is often a time where teams go on runs and come alive.

Wisconsin could upset teams that they have traditionally struggled against this season.

If the Badgers encountered a team they faced earlier in the season, in playoffs, it would not be surprising. Last year the Big Ten had eight teams in the tournament and all of them made it to the second round,

24 • badgerherald.com • Novermber 7, 2017

with three teams, including Wisconsin, in the Elite Eight, and two Big Ten teams in the Final Four.

Because of the strength of schedule in the Big Ten, their teams enter the post season prepared to battle for matches. The chances that Wisconsin will encounter another Big Ten in their path is extremely likely because of the durability and success of all the teams in the conference.

Most people would assume they will make it to the Sweet Sixteen before getting knocked out, potentially to another Big Ten team. However, this team and this season resembles the 2013 team and season.

They similarly had a freshman setter, the now highly decorated Lauren Carlini, and a freshman middle blocker in Haleigh Nelson.

The team was not great during the regular season. They were good, but they were not elite.

They struggled against top ten teams, but as the season progressed, they improved immensely. They received the 12th seed in tournament and defeated 5th seeded Florida State in the Elite Eight, and No. 1 seed Texas in the Final Four to advance to the National Championship. In the post season, the Badgers came alive and started to play elite volleyball. December is when play matters most.

The following three seasons, the Badgers were not underdogs. They were the 4th seed in 2014, 6th in 2015, and 3rd in 2016. They made it to at least the sweet sixteen in the last four seasons. This year ’s group will obviously try and keep this streak alive, which I believe they will do if they can limit their mistakes, especially behind the service line.

This year, Sydney Hilley and middle blocker Dana Rettke have done a good job

stepping into Carlini and Nelson’s shoes, respectively. They and the rest of the team still have three weeks left in the regular season to improve.

They have another opportunity to try and crack No. 1 Penn State, but this time in the Field House. With each match, the Badgers should improve, and in a few weeks, they should be playing their best volleyball of the season. Hopefully the team will continue to improve in December as well, and is able to make a deep run.

Wisconsin should at least make it to the Sweet Sixteen of the NCAA tournament this year, but don’t count them out if they go farther. Volleyball is a game of runs and a game of Cinderella stories.

In tournament play, just like in Big Ten play, anything can happen on any given night. Never say never when talking about the Wisconsin Badgers volleyball team.

Photo · Wisconsin volleyball celebrates yet another victory on the court, one of many that they have earned this season. Despite having the second hardest schedule in the nation, the Badgers still remain No. 8 in the national polls.

Daniel Yun The Badger Herald

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BANTER

Dirty Birds squawk out win against Gentle Clowns fifth year in a row Herald begs for mercy after Cardinalistas prove superiority in annual game of non-tackle flag football Foot Bahl Managing Dirty Bird

As the rain poured down on Vilas Park Saturday, so did the beatdown the Daily Cardinal laid on the Badger Herald for the 5th/49th straight year.

The win did not come without controversy, after Editor-in-Chief Madeline Heim benched star quarterback Ethan Levy for a violation of team rules (aka stealing the layout whiteboard). Faced with the loss of their star player, the Dirty Birds needed a spark.

Head Coach Camereon Lain-Flehigner turned to the so-called “henhouse” of the

paper to rally the Cardinals to another dominant victory.

Gabby “MVP” Schwartz, Megan “I’ve Still Got It” Otto and Chaggie the Man-handler stepped up to the plate to help the Birds secure their first shutout since 1982. Even Heim, Features Editor Sammy “You’re An Angel” Gibbons and News Manager Nina Bertelsen got in on the action once the rout was on.

“I read somewhere about how there are roosters in the henhouse at The Daily Cardinal,” Heim said. “It turns out we have all the hens the Herald can handle.”

And once Levy returned from his brief suspension, it was clear that no one at all

was at home for the Gentle Clowns. As he teared up on the field following the victory, Levy basked in the glory of his final collegiate game.

“Let’s ride boys,” Levy said, reflecting on his record breaking statline of 3 total touchdowns and ∞ yards rushing. He dedicated the victory to God, the Wisconsin Men’s Hockey Team and Otto.

The defense was equally dominant, pulling down five interceptions and holding the Herald to fewer rushing yards than they have staffers--an impressive stat to be sure. Jack “I Play Better Defense than Arsenal” Kelly anchored a staunch defensive secondary that was unbothered by the

adverse elements.

“That was a good win, right?” Kelly said.

“Now maybe I’ll finally get a desk in the office.”

The only competition the Herald had a shot at winning on Saturday was the customary chug-off, with Gentle-Clown-inchief Alice Vagun spilling the beer on the ground narrowly besting Heim after it was ruled Editor-in-Douche Tommy Valtin-Erwin had exhausted his eligibility.

But Cardinal staffers seemed unperturbed.

“Yeah we may have lost the chug off,” exSports Editor Bobby “Foot in Mouth” Ehrlich said after the game. “But The Cardinal will always drink from the keg of glory.”

Ella Guo The Badger Herald

Novermber 7, 2017• badgerherald.com • 25

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