BMSS BMSSBuzz M A G A Z I N E
# 01
About Us Bangladesh Medical Students' Society (BMSS), the only National Member Organisation (NMO) of International Federation of Medical Students' Association (IFMSA) from Bangladesh. It is a non-political, non-profitable, voluntary organization to empower and develop medical students from Bangladesh. Bangladesh Medical Students’ Society is an arena where all the medical students of Bangladesh will work as ‘ONE’ and help to make this great country free from the deadly diseases that poses Bangladesh, and the world at large. The medical students of Bangladesh, has been working together to make a better, safer future for the nation, fulfilling their duties as a member of the healthcare system. BMSS believes in building individual leadership among medical students, who will transform the problems into solutions. Famulus Clementia means serving Humanity. BMSS has been working towards this end since it's formation till now. It is the motto behind our work The healthcare deficiencies not only threaten Bangladesh, but most of the world. As much as we want to make and build a better Bangladesh, what we want more is to build a better world.
# 01
About IFMSA IFMSA is the world’s oldest and largest independent organization representing associations of medical students internationally. It currently maintains 133 National Member Organizations from more than 123 countries and areas with over one million students represented worldwide. IFMSA is recognized as a non-governmental organization within the United Nations system and the World Health Organization, and also works with the World Medical Association. Our work is divided into four main global health areas: Public Health, Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights, Medical Education and Human Rights and Peace. Each year, we organize over 13,000 clinical and research exchanges programs for our students to explore innovations in medicine, healthcare systems and healthcare delivery in other settings. IFMSA brings people together to exchange, discuss and initiate projects to create a healthier world. The IFMSA experience shows students that they are not merely passive subjects in a rapidly globalizing world, but rather valuable individuals with a potentially powerful role to play in global health. IFMSA hence offers medical students a taste of the real and pressing health issues worldwide, and help them learn that their idealistic goals can be achieved with readily attainable knowledge and commitment.
Chief ChiefEditor’ Editor’ss Note Note
I
remember the day BMSS EB decided on issuing the first edition of our BMSSBuzz, earlier this year. A question that really motivated us: Why would anyone want to read a bunch of articles written by undergraduates? A magazine or a newsletter enables students to learn & exercise fundamental skills that help them create the recipe for a great read. Students begin to learn how academics write, however, they also begin to understand why academics write. At some magical moment, students begin to think of them as projects, their own projects, projects that offer an opportunity to say something that needs to be said. ‘’Genius is one percent inspiration & ninety nine percent perspiration‘’, ‘BMSSBuzz’ editorial team showed complete justice to Thomas Edison’s quote. Unity is strength & when there are teamwork & collaboration wonderful things can be achieved. Applause to ‘’Us’’ the editorial board, the team of officials BMSS. Together we have created a network that excites & inspires. Together we are the leaders, the creators & the discoverers.
Fahtiha Nasreen
Editor in Chief President BMSS Bangladesh
Asst Chief Editor’s Note
I
t was the month of April, before selection of the new Team of Officials, when we planned to introduce the new faces with the vast prospect of the research through ensuring proper opportunities for the scientific articles, thesis papers, journals and magazines. So we decorated our Plan of Action with a diverse and bold strategy to attain this goal. To enhance our writing skills and capability, the ongoing project we had was the BMSSBuzz Newsletter. The newsletter only offered a limited number of access to the specific types of content. Our large number of members required something more. The idea got it's motion when we opened the call for articles for the upcoming newsletter, and were flooded by the unimaginable number of contents. The basic submission on our first call surpassed the number of 100 easily and made us realize how enthusiastic our members are. The editorial team improvised and decided to go for the second stage of our Plan of Action, the Magazine. As we leaped to the next step, a heartfelt thanks to everyone participating and working hard to make the BMSSBuzz, a success.
M. Omar Khaium
Asst. Editor in Chief Vice-President of Public Relations and Communications BMSS Bangladesh
# 01
Meet The Editorial Panel Fahtiha Nasreen Editor in Chief President Bangladesh Medical Students' Society (BMSS)
M. Omar Khaium Assistamt Editor in Chief Vice President of Public Relations & Communications Bangladesh Medical Students' Society (BMSS)
Managerial Editors
Soaiba Zannat
Rannia Shehrish
Tasnia Noor
Secretary General, BMSS
Vice President for Capacity Building, BMSS
Vice President for External Affairs, BMSS
Subah Zareen
Tahiya Tabassur
Vice President of Finance, BMSS
Vice President for Internal Affairs, BMSS
# 01
Meet The Editorial Panel Atef Chowdhury
Editor Director of Public Relations Bangladesh Medical Students' Society (BMSS)
Zawata Afnan Prachi
Editor Director of Social Media Maintainance Bangladesh Medical Students' Society (BMSS)
Reviewers
Tamanna Habib
Syed Faiyad Ahmed
Sadia Akhter
Officer of Public Relations
Officer of Public Relations
Officer of Social Media Maintainance
Sadia Tasnim Anika
Dhruba Audri
Shreshma Devkota
Officer of Public Relations
Officer of Social Media Maintainance
Officer of Social Media Maintainance
# 01
Index NAME
PAGE
Featured Articles Why To Join BMSS We are now ACTIVE SCOREans!!! Give Yourself Another Chance by SCOPH Redefining Realness: Becoming Trans Selves by SCORA The Covid-19 Catastrophe In The Refugees by SCORP Fight The Bite by SCOME Breaking The Silence by SCORP Arranged Research Radical by SCORE Care for Special Children during Covid-19 Lockdown Pregnancy in Covid-19 Pandemic Ordeals of The Long Haulers Health for All: World Health Day
01 02 03 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
Scientific Articles Quarantine: Livid Bruises Transgender Rights: Why are they any different? Women Empowerment Recent Achievements in Women Empowerment Domestic Violence in Lockdown Domestic Violence In Current Situation Climate Change and Cancer Double Trouble: Natural Disasters & It's Effects Communicable disease : Anti-microbial Resistance Dengue: Possible Threats and the Current Situation COVID and it's Effect
14 15 17 18 20 22 24 26 27 29 30
# 01
Index NAME
PAGE
COVID And Its Relationship With Plasma Therapy Disruption in Global Immunization COVID-19 Vaccines: Things We Need to Know Maternal Health in COVID 19 Importance of Mental Health: During & After A Pandemic Mental Health In Quarantine Mental Health During Quarantine The Loneliest Generation' Gets Lonelier YIN & YANG-Exploring Yang (bright) side of lockdown Hope Amidst COVID-19 Positive Sides of Lockdown Light From the Dark Emerging Against The Odds Post Pandemic Famine in our Country Sickle Cell Disease Hypertension in 2020 External Representation Covid-19 & its effect on Social Enterprises Youth and National Emergencies Contribution of IBA JU Business Club during the COVID-19 pandemic Good Parenting During Quarantine অেপ া The Impact of Social Media on COVID-19 Meet Our Local Committees
32 34 35 36 37 38 40 41 43 45 46 47 49 50 51 52 54 55 58 60 62 64 65
# 01
Why to join BMSS ? Sadia Tasnim Anika
Sheikh Hasina Medical College, Jamalpur You are energetic Or maybe a bit tired. You really wanna fly but The monotonous syllabus isn't admired! “No need to pay time for extracurricular activities! You’re a medical student”, They say. But a medical student needs to breathe and live cheerfully also And let those despondencies go away! Need a platform, dear? For showing up your talents? And you want to shine brightly? Or discover a whole new world of medical students? Come, Join BMSS!! Since childhood, I have been a very energetic and enthusiastic soul for any voluntary work. I am such a soul that never feels tired to learn something new, something interesting. I am unstoppable in this case. But the problem aroused when I got admitted to medical college. I found that there was no club (now few clubs have been established). There was no platform to enrich my extracurricular skills. Overall, I couldn’t just breathe over the Anatomy, Physiology, and Biochemistry syllabus. I fell in frustration. I was feeling like there’s an evil power who’s trying to cut my beautiful invisible butterfly wings off.
Sadia Tasnim Anika & other members from Local Committee of Sheikh Hasina Medical College, Jamalpur. —————————————————————————————
Then one day, I got to know about BMSS from some of my seniors. I was curious about the organization so I visited their website and Facebook page. I got to know that BMSS is a platform which builds up leadership qualities in medical students and serve the society voluntarily. My curiosity increased more so I became a general member. I started to attend training, programs and I literally found a vast platform where I met a lot of non-judgemental people and now I feel a family here. I was a general member at first, the next year I worked as a Local Officer of SCORA (Standing Committee On Reproductive Health and Rights including HIV and AIDS). Currently, I am in the Team of Officials and working as an Official of Public Relations and Communication team. Through my two years of the journey I have learned a lot, I could show my inner talents without any hesitation.
Every day I can feel myself a better, more confident, and more skilled person than the previous day. When I worked as a Local Officer, I had to work with the people of my medical college's locality and I found that as a medical student, we can serve our society a lot than anyone else! Those people are so needy and superstitious. Only we, the young souls can sweep these disbeliefs away from them. I want to keep learning and always want to step forward to do something better for the society. This inner motivation keeps me satisfied and more focused on my studies. And now I can study with more interest and don’t feel monotonous at all. This is my story. I won’t believe if you say here you can’t find any connection with you! Hahaha! Do you want to know a secret?? Hmm? If you are thinking that you can ONLY serve society through this organization, you’re wrong! For any IFMSA enrolled event that is organized by you, will be highly appreciated. And as an honor, you’ll get certificates! You can attend International training and become a facilitator/trainer too! These achievements will help to boost your career a bit more. So why one Bangladeshi medical student should not join BMSS? See you in the field of serving humanity. Famulus Clementia.
02 # 01
We are now ACTIVE SCOREans!!! Irtiza Haque Osmani
For the development of education, the exchange is a 19th-century idea. Exchanges make people more competent with knowledge of multicultural approaches of contents. We, Bangladeshis, throughout the 49 years of our independence are trying to develop our educational sector. In this way, we have started to join many international exchange programs. But most of them are either for leadership or entrepreneurship. What about the research field for medical students? In Bangladesh, 3rd-year medical students get topics on BIOSTATISTICS and EPIDEMIOLOGY, but it's completely theoretical. As medical science is completely runs on research, it's important to have an idea about researching for medical students. In this regard, BMSS, as a part of IFMSA came up with the Research Exchange. Research Exchange means exchanging students for research from one country to another for a specific period. As IFMSA established it, research exchange normally occurs between two national member organizations (NMOs). It is an exchange program and usually bilateral-that means we exchange one incoming student for one outgoing. But in many conditions, unilateral exchanges also occur- that is one incoming student or one outgoing student for exchange only. Students take part in exchange programs, know about research, the process and conditions in that country, get introduced to that country's culture, people, and everything. Overall, a research exchange program is both fun and educative at the same time. An established NMO doesn't mean it meets all the required criteria to make it SCORE active. Our SCORE was not active till we fulfilled all the requirements of IFMSA and got active on 2nd august, 2019 as 84th SCORE active NMO in the world. It was like a victory, a matter of joy and pride for us. As an active SCOREan, our present president Dr Fahtiha Nasreen signed three unilateral outgoing research exchange agreements on behalf of the NORE of that term, for the first time in the history of Bangladesh. SCORE BMSS is now fully ready for bilateral exchanges. Two of our projects are now active. One in Mymensingh Medical College and one is in Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College. Think-We can go abroad now for researching covering ourselves with our Green and Red national flag. We all can be an exchange student and conquer the world of research. So, let's not miss the opportunity, let's change our country by researching, let's make BMSS more proud.
03 # 01
Give Yourself Another Chance by SCOPH Nabila Jashim Nuha & Marufa Hasin
A research reveals that the rate of suicidal tendency is 18.8% among medical students in Bangladesh. Overall 39.1% students were suffering from different levels of depression. Nearly 3000 people on average commit suicide daily, according to WHO. That's why we, the SCOPH BMSS-Bangladesh, decided to celebrate 'World Suicide Prevention Day' by arranging a webinar and video campaign to create awareness on suicide prevention among mass people. We segmented our entire event 'Give Yourself Another Chance' into three parts. Firstly we promote some motivational illustration and infographics to spread positivity. Then we arranged a video campaign where SCOPHeroes from 16 NMOs participated and shared their messages in native languages. We are all thankful to Salman Khan (MSAI - India), Hiba Thasleem (IFMSA-Pakistan), Niharika Khanal (NMSS Nepal), Leonard Thomas Lim (AMSA Philippines), Samantha Geraldine (CIMSA Indonesia), Karim Mizi (Le Souk - Algeria) Shoug Al Haddad (KuMSA Kuwait), Randa Ahmed Altamih (MedSIN Sudan), Fahim Bhuiyan Abak (BMSS Bangladesh), Gentiana Ratkoceri (KOMS Kosovo), Lynda (FEVESOCEM Venezuela), Ä°laha Gurbanova (AzerMDS Azerbaijan), Chukwuemeka John Amamdikwa (GaMSA Gambia), Nazym (KazMSA Kazakhstan), Ahmed Kifah Hassan (MedSCO Oman), & Carlotta (AMSA Austria) for contributing with their contents in our video campaigning and making it significant.
04 # 01
Give Yourself Another Chance by SCOPH
Cont.
Nabila Jashim Nuha & Marufa Hasin
Lastly we successfully arranged a live webinar where Dr. Mohammed Zubayer Miah Sir, the renowned psychiatric, explained how to reduce suicidal thoughts and deal with suicidal tendencies. The whole live show was moderated by our loving National Public health Officer Assists Nuha & Tisa. We got a lot of positive responses from this show. Our honourable president Fahtiha Nasreen apu also joined in the webinar for some minutes to thank our guest & motivate our participants to take care of their mental health. People got opportunities to ask their related problems in our comment section, which were precisely answered by our guest. Also to assess the participants knowledge about suicide related issues we executed a evaluation procedure where we could evaluate the impact of our webinar. Last but not the least we appreciate the hard work of our mighty SCOPH team including LPOs and also our SM-PR team for helping throughout the activity.
05 # 01
Redefining Realness: Becoming Trans Selves by SCORA Nadia Nasreen Nadi & Nowshin Tabassum
“Growing up, I always liked how my sister draped herself in sarees. Her kohl-rimmed eyes, pink blush on her cheeks always got me excited. My family introduced me as their son, but I always felt connected to my feminine side. After watching me donning a sari with makeup on, my family thought I was abnormal. They used to beat me up to ‘straighten’ me up. I was never allowed to go to school because my family considered me a disgrace. I wish they took the effort to at least try to understand how I really felt inside. I wish they took the time to understand my inner plight,” said a trans-woman named Sheuly. Far too often, transgender people in South East Asia face seclusion, a consequent result of ingrained social stigma and discrimination. An estimated 10,000 to half a million – of Bangladesh’s population of about 16 million – belong to the hijra community, and yet it remains one of the most marginalized groups in the Bangladeshi society. Redefining Realness: Becoming Trans Selves is an event devised by SHMCJ-LC, SCORA, BMSS to enhance trans cognizance. A webinar conducted in collaboration with an NGO and a transgender person addressed their sufferings and injustice. According to our guest speaker, Joya Sikder, a trans rights activist said stated that there are no reliable counseling arenas for this community. Transgender people face enormous health disparities, especially in sex-changing procedures. Staggering rates of STDs exist due to sex trade which is very common in South Asia. People often assume that transgender people have no reproductive organs, sexually and physically disabled, mentally distorted, and can't have children. This perception raises questions about their basic sexual and reproduction health rights. She believed that implementing individual health policies in the government health sector can possibly ensure normalized and equal health rights. Besides they endure additional legal challenges in national identity documents and records which are consistent with their identity and are designated as the third gender in our country. The whole campaign aimed to inform people about defining gender identities, advocate for trans rights as well as establish a safer environment for the minority. In addition, posts were circulated debunking various trans myths, discussing differences between gender identities, sexual orientation, and sex as well as enlightening people on what gender dysphoria is. The importance of this campaign lies in one of the most fundamental human values; being a free individual. Why should anyone suffer because their alleged ‘crime’ is to not conform to the traditional social norms about gender in their society? It is key to extend empathy towards them, who are as human and normal as the rest of the world. As quoted by Psychologist Nathaniel Branden, “The first step toward change is awareness. The second step is acceptance,” we intend to help the trans community by redefining their realness in our society.
06 # 01
The Covid-19 Catastrophe In The Refugees by SCORP Farzana Sushmita Anjum
The Standing Committee on Human Rights and Peace (SCORP), BMSS-Bangladesh organized an event named "The Covid-19 Catastrophe In The Refugees". The event started on 30th May which included a 14 days online campaign where 7 posters with write-ups were uploaded on Social Media. These posters were presented with different issues regarding Rohingyas refugees and violation of their rights. On 12th June at 8 pm a webinar was held. The webinar was conducted by Asadur Rahman Nabin, National Officer of SCORP. The guest speaker was Shelly Sharma; Executive Director, Jago Nari Unnayon Shangstha. The webinar had two segments. In the 1st segment, the honorable speaker gave her presentation and the 2nd segment was 'question-answer session'. The event focused mainly on the rights of refugees in Bangladesh also their situation during the Covid-19 pandemic. The event served as a source of information about refugee rights, whether they had it before or during the pandemic or not. The discussion started with information about Rohingya refugees. That included their origin, past condition, reasons they had to flee from their country, how they reached Bangladesh, and their situation at present. The slide presentation also included information about the rights of Rohingya refugees. How they are residing in camps and the rights they are being deprived of. The question-answer session covered all the aspects related to Rohingya refugees. The target audience of this webinar was medical students from all over the country. Various questions regarding Rohingya rights were asked by them including health issues, treatment facilities, education, employment, accommodation, and many more. The aim was to make medical students empathetic towards refugees. The medical students who are willing to work for refugees got a clear idea of how to execute their plans. With the active participation of almost 2000 medical students, the webinar became a successful one. Participants gained knowledge not only about Rohingya refugees, their rights, and the situation but also about their responsibilities towards refugees.
07 # 01
Fight The Bite by SCOME Rebbica Pradhan
Amidst the soaring number of cases of dengue and the menace it brought along our country there was a rise in need to address this matter. Dhaka is very familiar with this situation on the face of every monsoon but very less has been done to decrease the burden. According to official sources, roughly 71 more people are being infected by the notorious dengue fever every hour. The 2019, dengue outbreaks surpassed all previous records, mostly in the capital city of Dhaka. By August, 2019, a total of 70 188 dengue cases had been officially recorded, with 67 dengue-related deaths. The numbers increased to 81 832 cases with 67 deaths as of the last count on Sept 16, 2019. This malady of monsoon has caused people's worries to soar parallely to the number of cases . The re-emergence of a new strand has caused havoc in the capital magnifying the inadequacy of our health system. This was an alarming situation with devastating consequences which if not addressed can be futile. Considering all the factors and the importance of the role the medical students have to play, the event ‘FIGHT THE BITE� was conducted by SCOME in two phases. The first one was a closed session with 40 participants brushing up their poster making and presentation skills and later a poster making competition was held. There were many enthusiastic participants showcasing their artistic side and at the end the winner was declared. Tahsin Jawad and Dr. Nusrat Jahan, NOMEs of BMSS stated that their focus was to make the participants acknowledge this disease with proper information and to make them participate in a poster presentation competition on a very important national health issue. In the second phase a webinar was conducted on Management of dengue by Prof. Dr.Sujat Paul sir, who enlightened the viewers about the most buzzing topic during the monsoon season which covered topics such as epidemiology management and its plausible solutions. He addressed many burning questions and altogether the event was a success. In the end the response to the event was amazing and hopefully it answered a lot of burning questions of the audience. Most importantly this event helped to armour our future health workers with the knowledge to fight against the futile bite bringing them one step closer on defeating the febrile condition. One step per monsoon at a time. Lets FIGHT THE BITE.
08 # 01
Breaking The Silence by SCORP Rajesh Dewan
The trauma of being a victim of physical or sexual abuse as a child haunts the victim for a lifetime. The incidents leave scars in their minds that never heals. Child abuse has always been a silent but substantial problem in Bangladesh. Here predators lurk sometimes inside their own homes, sometimes it’s their tutors, sometimes it’s their cousins and the list goes on. Despite the large number of victims, few seek justice as they don’t even know what they should do since most of them are very young. To address this problem, SCORP BMSS in collaboration with SCORA has arranged for a webinar on this topic where the guest speaker was Dr. Helal Uddin Ahmed, Associate professor, child adolescent and family psychiatry NIMH, Bangladesh. The audience learnt about the role of family members and others in prevention of child abuse. the program was successful through the participation of more than 5 thousand viewers and most of them filled up the pre evaluation and post evaluation forms as well. We should all stand together against violence against the children.
09 # 01
Arranged Research Radical by SCORE
Irtiza Haque Osmani & Sangbartika Bandyopadhyay Researches can solve real world problems. Undergraduate students all over the world, mainly of medical colleges or any stem field have very less knowledge about the essence of research. Though in Bangladesh, students do get a chance to submit one field visit analysis but that much knowledge is not enough to make them understand how to use this small skills into a bigger picture, how to be good at that or how to shape their idea. They are not getting enough opportunity to find themselves out of there comfort zone and to gain the experience of approaching to things that they can ever imagined. They need the chance to articulate themselves with things they are learning so that they can write them concisely and analyse their new ideas to become fully of themselves. The trend of decrease in undergraduate research paper submission is not letting the students to think in different perspectives about what they are learning or memorizing. Giving more sort of flexibility in the curriculum can make the undergrad students to learn how to work on hard problems, critical thinking and problem solving. In spite of having interest in this field, they don't get sufficient training to know more and learn more. So, we, the SCORE team of BMSS, decided to arrange a webinar on Basics of Research named as "Research Radical: Know Research, Learn Research " which was held on 29th of August 2020. There were 40 participants and also many other members of BMSS. The session was taken by Dr. Sabrina Saba, Graduate Research Assistant, School of Public Health University of Alberta. She explained about the Research methodology and its objectives, types of research, what are the steps to conducting a research, what formats to use in development of a specific research question and many other topics. The whole session was very interactive. The program was moderated by NORE, Irtiza Haque Osmani and the President of BMSS was also present there. She gave a speech about the program and she also mentioned about the importance of this program. She also thanked Dr. Sabrina Saba. At the end, NORE expressed his thanks to all and ended the program with a good note. Through this webinar we tried to give them an idea of how to start to think in a different way. This whole, was a small step of the SCOREans to make the phrase change from "Yeah , I think I know" to adaptability, resistance or persistence.
10 # 01
Care for Special Children during Covid19 Lockdown Medical College for Women & Hospital Local committee of Medical College for Women & Hospital arranged a program titled 'Care For Special Child During Covid 19 Lockdown' under Standing Committee on Human Rights and Peace (SCORP). Dealing this pandemic became a difficult challenge for the individual with autism and their family as there have been many major changes in their daily routine. Again many health services have been cut off or limited. So, the goal of the webinar was to discuss about the problems they are facing during this pandemic as well as raise awareness among the medical students to understand the special childs and how to support them. Our guest speaker was: Dr. Nusrat Yasmeen Ahmed Founder & Director of Hope autism center, Dhaka ASD specialist at Olga tennison Autism Research Centre. Our targeted audience was medical students. 130 people filled the pre evaluation form .About 110 people attended the event. Many confusions were made clear by Q/A session. The feedback was great. From post evaluation form we get to know that 86% people attended the event were helped by the information from the webinar. So the event was quite successful one .
11 # 01
Pregnancy in Covid-19 Pandemic
Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmad Medical College Desperate times call for desperate measures. During this pandemic, many desperate times may appear in our lives. And one of those is pregnancy during pandemic. As we're in the middle of a pandemic, many of our health services have been modified or cutoff. But we all know pregnancy is a very delicate period of a woman's life. And in this delicate period, urgent crisis may appear out of the blue. What should our measures be if such time comes up in our lives? In order to discuss on this topic and address some very alarming and highlighting questions, the local committee of Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmad Medical College BMSS arranged a webinar titled "Pregnancy in Covid-19 Pandemic" on the 19th of June, 2020. The webinar was conducted by two moderators from the STAMC LC - Mallika Hasan & Lamisa Ikra. The speakers of the event were Dr. Ummae Tania Nasrin Urmi MBBS, BCS, FCPS (Gynae & Obs), DMCH Dr. Bappi Das MBBS, FCPS, MCPS (Gynae & Obs), SSMCH About 50 people registered for the event initially and total 1k+ people viewed the webinar which was broadcast in the Facebook group of STAMC LC. The event helped a lot of participants to be more knowledgeable and prepared for crisis of a pregnant woman amid this pandemic. Many doubts & myth were cleared by the elaborate and informative answers from the honorable speakers. We are most definitely going through a very difficult time and it is important now more than ever that we stay up to date about information regarding what safety measures we should take for pregnant women and where to seek for health services when required. In this regard, the webinar was very much impactful and effective for everyone.
12 # 01
Ordeals of The Long Haulers Dhaka Medical College
“COVID-19 will reshape our world. We don’t yet know when the crisis will end. But we can be sure that by the time it does, our world will look very different” said Josep Borell, European Union, Minister of Foreign Affairs. So far, our world has changed with the evolution of COVID-19. The current phase is being marked with over 28,728,460 positive cases and over 20,000,000 of them recovered. “Long Haulers” as they are being referred to, bring a plot twist in the ever-evolving story. They are experiencing symptoms of the illness for many weeks or even months after contracting COVID-19. It is now clear that the virus doesn’t solely attack the respiratory system but it has long term effects on multiple systems. Given the multi-organ effect of COVID-19, survivors have a variety of long-term effects including what some health professionals call “post-COVID lung disease” which has not been properly addressed. With the increasing number of positive cases and the recoveries, there is convincing evidence from some journals that COVID-19 has a long term sequela, thereby being explored and addressed in our event. Thus the name, “The Ordeals of the Long Haulers: Facing and Tracing the Aftermath of COVID-19.” Therefore, the event aims to create awareness and sensitize the audience including medical students and health professionals on the effects of the pandemic on both infected as well as non-infected individuals. The promotional phase of the webinar intrigues the audience to split their focus with the aftermath of COVID-19 from just the prevention, symptoms and management of COVID-19 patients. Informative posters, info-graphics and a video trailer ask the audiences, “then what?” after one tests positive, gets treated and is declared negative afterwards. The event, with the involvement of one of the finest internal medicine professors, Dr. Robed Amin and one of the most experienced psychiatrists, Dr. Raisul Islam Porag, sheds light on all that lies within and beyond the terms “positive” and “negative” in the lives of the long haulers. The first hand experiences and messages from the survivors, from all classes of people in the video reveal what can be expected for the rest of the population. More importantly for us to ponder on how and what can be done to minimize these mental effects and residual physical effects. COVID-19 will last long but we will stand longer against it, together.
13 # 01
Health for All: World Health Day Southern Medical College
The World Health Day is a global health awareness day celebrated every year on 7 April to aim to create awareness of a specific health theme to highlight a priority area of concern for the World Health Organization. The theme of World Health Day is universal health coverage :everyone, everywhere. The slogan is “Health for All" Last year in 2019, we have celebrated World Health Day on behalf of our respected Southern Medical College Local Committee. We have organized a rally with our respected principle sir other departmental heads and respected teachers. We, Southern Medical College Local Committee heartily showed gratitude to all the health workers and unsung heroes on this precious day.
14 # 01
Quarantine: Livid Bruises Anisha Saha (1st position)
Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmad Medical College COVID-19 Pandemic -- an unprecedented challenge taking over our ephemeral lives. While we’re constantly devoted to tackling the uncertainties and disruptions, we subliminally built up one easy and fast way to stay connected to the outside world through the internet. But, this only uninterrupted connection we could build is unfolding new threats every day. Hear how “Mother Found Child’s Picture on Porn Website” headlines of such categories are often used by online news portals simply to get more reach. And, putting my foot on their trap, I also tapped on the news, thinking it was a scam. But, turns out it wasn’t. The other day, I was added to a new messenger group by a dear friend of mine. Such notifications are normal and I bet not only me, nobody would pay a heed to that. But, I was proven wrong when I received a call from another friend. Hearing her, I rushed and scrolled up just to see some “guy talk” where the women in the same friend group were being objectified and sexualized in a horrible manner. It took just a moment, and our dignity was on stake and it was time for us to fear those dear friends. Lockdowns have significantly increased and are creating new contexts of the pre-existing cyber bullying and women and children are at the center of its risk. I’ve seen people destructively criticizing others art. People giving death threats to people online because their views and perspective are different on a certain topic. People exposing personal pictures of others just to make a social media post viral. And in every case, the victim loses their selfesteem and it takes a toll over their mental health which results in a life-long trauma. Now the concern is, if an issue is so prominent then there must be laws to prevent that. I would say there are laws, but how effectively do you think that those are being implemented? When bullied, the victim is often hesitant to reach out. Why? Because instead of taking proper measures, society blames them. In the above case I described, we informed higher authorities but got no help. Some screenshots aren’t enough as evidence and there are other men who prefer to mask the monstrous faces of the molesters instead of acknowledging the intensity of the situation. It’s high time we took an appropriate stand against such online hate speech, violence, and misogyny. Just because it’s happening every day and the fact that it’s only on the internet doesn’t justify such heinous acts. I believe if we work as a joint force, we can mitigate the issue at least to some extent. Because, if not us, who?
1st Position in article writing competition under SCORP: "Discrimination and Violence in Pandemic" by Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmad Medical College
15 # 01
Cont.
Transgender Rights: Why are they any different? Sharia Farzana Aurpa (1st position) Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Transgender men have a male identity that does not resonate with the female identity given at birth. The transgender community or more commonly known as the “trans” people are not only deprived of their own basic human rights, but they are looked down upon in their very own society in a heinous way. A person’s sexual orientation should not determine how one is treated or how he may receive benefits from society. But that is exactly what is happening in our society yet to this day and age. There is a saying, “A face that only a mother can love.” This quote depicts that no external issue can stand between a child and the mother’s love for it. But in our country, most trans men have been abandoned by their families at birth. From that very age, without knowing why, they have been abused physically and verbally to an extent that no ordinary person can even dare to fathom. They were left to fend for themselves against all odds. Every night they are tormented with the thoughts, what was my fault?’ They never asked to be born like this. Yet every day they are living their life as if it is an ultimate punishment for their mere existence. They have not only been deprived of their basic rights, but they have had to live in constant fear of harm and even death by the hands of homophobic activists and religious hardliners.
The society’s inability to sway their thoughts from our “two-gender-only” society has left trans people helpless and alone. The LGBTQ community in our country as a whole is facing such discrimination because their behaviors do not follow the traditional societal norms. For this very reason, they are targeted by extremists and even the general public. We often read about how a group of trans men have been arrested for their homosexual acts, but in reality, it is often a misunderstanding or even a worse, a staged coupe against them. Police are often seen physically abusing then and arresting them arbitrarily. In most cases, the trans victims are even afraid to retaliate fearing more severe beatings and lack of justice from the government. They are left to deal with this unbelievable injustice with no hope in sight. Trans men have had to face discrimination and judgemental from the very get-go. In school, they were pressurized to dress in a feminine way, and expected to act and behave like a girl even though that was not their identity. Our gender-segregated school administrative system enforces discriminatory school policies on them. This makes them feel more isolated and in some cases drop out of school altogether. Even to this day, many higher educational institutions are seen enforcing stereotypical gender roles and, failing to live up to these expectations, they are forced to seek education elsewhere.
16 # 01
Cont.
Transgender Rights: Why are they any different? Sharia Farzana Aurpa (1st position) Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College The trans men have had no more luck in case of job findings. Often, most job applications require a declaration of sexual and religious orientation. Transgenders have a tough time meeting this quota and are often discriminated against while hiring and selecting applicants. Despite having excellent professional qualifications, they are often dismissed due to their “different” gender. Even after securing a stable job, they have to face endless harassment from co-workers and are even criticized for no apparent reason. The social dictation of wearing gender approved formal wear also renders severe obstruction in the day-to-day lives of the trans people. In most cases, companies and enterprises often fear to employ such people fearing what image it may send to their clients. Fearing their economic downgrade, they often stay clear of hiring such sexual minorities. We can blame the government, the extremists, the homophobic even the religious hardliners. But at the end of the day, are we actually any better than them? None of us spare a minute to’ talk the talk”, but when it comes to ‘walking the walk’ how many of us actually step up? For example, say you and your friends or family went to a well-known restaurant in your area.
The waiter who came up to you and introduced himself was a member of the LGBTQ community. Have you ever thought about what your reaction might have been? Most people would feel uncomfortable, some might have even called the manager and asked to change their waiter or even take the drastic step of leaving. Very few might have even applauded the restaurant and their managerial system for taking the initiative of hiring people of sexual minorities. But in my opinion, not a single one of the above scenarios are appropriate. The trans people are fighting for “equal” rights. Not anymore, not any less. The day when they will be just another ‘normal’ member of our society, not getting any weird glances, not having to fear for their lives, not having to conceal the very person who they are- that is the day when we can all proudly say: our country discriminates against no sexual orientation. Let’s not fear what the retaliation and consequences may be for standing beside the trans community and stand beside our fellow members of society. Let us all work together to give them back the voice that was once stolen from them by their very own families and society. Everybody talks the talk, but let us promise that we will not stumble while walking the walk!
1st Position in article writing competition under SCORP: "Call for Voices: Violation of Human Rights" by Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College
17 # 01
Women Empowerment Faizah Tasnim Afifa
Southern Medical College & Hospital When it comes to women empowerment, I wouldn’t say it is necessarily about power or being superior. It is no longer about having those reserved seats on a local bus. But rather it is all about accepting and believing that women are capable enough to do every little or big work, say it to be running a house or running a country. A nation’s progress depends on both men and women. In countries where the security, freedom of women is regressive and harassment, violence ETC is on the peak, women empowerment there is a necessity.
But the recent achievements of women empowerment is praiseworthy and surely a booster of every woman’s confidence. Say it to be Rafia Arshad the first British hijabi judge or Christina Koch who broke the record for longest continuous time in space by a woman and Jessica Meir who took part in NASA’s first all-female spacewalk with fellow astronaut Christina Koch.
In my country Bangladesh, the number of working women increased to 18.6 million in 2016-17 from 16.2 million in 2010. Bangladesh secured the 47th position among 144 countries in 2017 as per the Global Gender Gap Report. That is one amazing achievement in women empowerment.
Women empowerment can’t be done overnight. All we need is a constant push and appreciation. Empowerment of women can’t be done with the progress of literacy only. We also need women to be aware of their rights and freedom of speech. Cause “There is no tool for development more effective than the women empowerment” and “Empowered women, empower woman”
18 # 01
Recent Achievements in Women Empowerment Gousia Nazir
Zainul Haque Sikder Women's Medical College Women's empowerment is intertwined with respect for human rights -Mahnaz Afkhami Women empowerment is a multi-dimensional process which suggests that when women have a larger role in decision making, household well being, economic and political fields. Women Empowerment includes the action of raising the status of women through education, raising awareness, literacy, and training. Women's empowerment is all about equipping and allowing women to make life-determining decisions through the different problems in society. Alternatively, it is the process for women to redefine gender roles that allows them to acquire the ability to choose between known alternatives who have otherwise been restricted from such an ability. The international community has, however, shown some renewed interest in women’s empowerment and gender issue In 2011, UN Women was created to lead on gender equality and women’s empowerment and, with its Executive Director being a UN Under-Secretary-General and with a seat in the resident coordinator system at the country level, it has a greater ability to do so (Domingo et al., 2013). Domains of empowerment: • Psychological empowerment – the ability to make decisions that affect them and gain the confidence to act on this. • Political empowerment – the ability to influence the rules and norms that govern society and decisions about who gets what, when, and how. • Social empowerment – the ability to make decisions about their social interactions, reproduction, health, and education • Economic empowerment – the ability to make and act on decisions about their participation in labor markets, their share of unpaid work, and in the allocation and use of their own/their household’s assets. Bangladesh involvement in women Empowerment: In Bangladesh, the achievements in women's empowerment have made remarkable progress in the last 20 years in improving the lives of women and girls. Across its program, USAID (run by chunara begum of govindho sree village in northeast Bangladesh) is committed to addressing many of challenges facing women in Bangladesh by: Promoting women Entrepreneurship, promoting food securities and healthy communities, Advocating for women leadership in society, Empowering women against gender-based violence etc.
19 # 01
Recent Achievements in Women Empowerment
Cont.
Gousia Nazir
Zainul Haque Sikder Women's Medical College Bangladesh secured the first spot in gender equality for the second consecutive year at the Gender Gap Index of 2017. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina was honored with the Global Women’s Leadership Award for her outstanding leadership for the advancement in women’s education and women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh and the Asia Pacific region. Earlier in 2016, UN Women also awarded Sheikh Hasina with “Planet 50-50 Champion” while Global Partnership Forum handed over the “Agent of Change Award” for her role in women’s empowerment. Back in 2014, she was awarded with “WIP Global Forum Award” from Women in Parliament. She also received the “Tree of Peace” Award for promoting girls’ and women’s education in the same year. To attain the goals initiated by the Bangladesh government for women's development, the country has approved the highest allocation in history for the sector in the budget for the 2018-19 fiscal year. The participation of girls in primary schools is increasing as their overall enrollment rose from 57% in 2008 to 95.4% in 2017. U.S Involvement in women empowerment: Action taken on by the U.S is the PEPFAR program, initiated by the Bush administration in 2003. This program was taken into effect in response to the global HIV/AIDS crisis, and it promoted abstinence among young girls and women. Indian involvement in women empowerment: 5 important government schemes which are working for the betterment and empowerment of Indian women: 1. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (2015) 2. Mahila-E-Haat (2016) 3. Mahila Shakti Kendra (2017) 4. One-Stop Centre Scheme (2015) 5. STEP: support to training and employment program. There is a quote said by A.Cripps, ” Educate a man and you educate an individual. Educate a woman and you educate a family.”
20 # 01
Domestic Violence in Lockdown Ahana Mir
21 # 01
Domestic Violence in Lockdown Ahana Mir
Cont.
22 # 01
Domestic Violence In Current Situation Nowshin Tabassum Kabir
Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmad Medical College In this current crucial situation, globally we’re battling with Covid-19 where countries around the world are implementing various measures to slow down this pandemic and putting their citizens on different forms of lockdown. Over the past two months, many countries instructed their citizens to stay at home. Across the globe, are we safe in our shelters? During this lockdown violence against vulnerable people at their own homes has dramatically increased. In many ways, this domestic violence is likely to be seen as a justified, unassociated specifically suspected individual on the part of the victim and is legally permitted. Globally victims of domestic violence are overwhelmingly women. According to the World Health Organization, one in every three women across the globe experience physical and sexual violence in their lifetime; at least 30% of all women in relationships have experienced physical or sexual violence by their partners. (5) But now in this Corona crisis, violence in the home is becoming more frequent and dangerous. Organizations that are supposed to help women and children from violence are now struggling to respond to high demands. (1) The warning signs were first visible in China where domestic violence reports more than tripled. Similar cases were reported in Singapore, Australia, Brazil & India with 33 %, 40%, 45 %, and 100 % increase respectively. (3) In Europe, there is a surge in the "shadow pandemic" as UN termed domestic violence reported by Italy with a 13.6% increase, Spain with an 18 % increase, France with a 30% increase, and Cyprus with 30 % increase. The UK reported an increase of 25 % and the USA up to a 35 % increase in cases. (3) The situation undoubtedly is no different in Bangladesh if not worse. Violence against women and children is on the rise in Bangladesh amid the COVID-19 lockdown. Experts say a lack of social activities and financial pressures are increasing rifts within families.
23 # 01
Cont.
Domestic Violence In Current Situation Nowshin Tabassum Kabir
Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmad Medical College (1) According to a recent survey by Manusher Jonno Foundation (MJF), a local human rights organization, at least 4,249 women and 456 children were subjected to domestic violence in 27 out of 64 districts of Bangladesh in April, with 1,672 women and 424 children facing violence for the first time in their lives. (2) Around 92% of the children have been abused by their parents or other family members; 14 were raped, 16 faced attempted rape, two were kidnapped, and 10 were sexually harassed. Some 17,000 women and children have been interviewed for the survey which revealed 848 women were tortured physically, 2008 mentally,84 sexually and 1308 faced financial restrictions from their families. (1) In addition to violation of human rights, victims of domestic violence can face several physical and mental health difficulties such as the risk of chronic disease, depression, sexual disorders, PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder). (4) Being stuck at home because of coronavirus is difficult for everyone, but it becomes a real nightmare for victims of domestic violence. A crucial safety net therefore must be offered to most at-risk women, children, and anyone vulnerable to abuse to triumph over the immediate and long-term impact of this coronavirus crisis. (2)
References: 1) https://www.savethechildren.net/news/covid-19-millions-children-lockdown-asia-risk-domestic-violence 2) https://www.dw.com/en/covid-19-lockdown-increases-domestic-violence-in-bangladesh/a-53411507 3) https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/coronavirus-lockdown-domestic-violence-south-asianwomen_in_5eb3f5bfc5b652c56473766b 4) https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/life-style/lockdown-rise-of-domestic-violence-how-to-tacklesituation-if-locked-with-abuser-national-commission-for-women-6406268/ 5) https://blog.cognifit.com/mental-health/ 6) http://www.askbd.org/ask/category/hr-monitoring/violence-against-domestic-workers/
24 # 01
Climate Change and Cancer Prachi Afnan
Armed Forces Medical College “Climate change is no longer some far off the problem. It is happening here, it is happening now.”- Barak Obama Exactly, it’s happening around us. Though we can’t see with our bare eyes we can feel it every moment. This change is happening due to global warming. It’s a very serious issue revolving around us. (SZ) Climate change is the long-term change in the earth's climate, especially a change due to an increase in the average atmospheric temperature which is commonly known as global warming. The global climate is the associated arrangement of sun, earth, and seas, wind, rain, and snow, forests, deserts, and savannas, everything individuals do, as well. (Source: US Environmental Protection Agency) It is a systematic connection that makes global climate change so important and so complicated. Because of this climate change world is changing drastically including affecting humans. Diseases and cancer rate is increasing day by day due to this change. (1) Climate change creates conditions that are favorable to greater production of and exposure to known as ‘carcinogens’ and also known as cancer-causing agents. (2) The depletion of the ozone layer is also causing cancers. The range of certain health impacts of stratospheric ozone depletion are: Effect on skin: malignant melanoma, non-melanocytic skin cancer (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma) Effect on the eye: Cancer of cornea and conjunctiva, acute photokeratitis and photo conjunctivitis, uveal melanoma. And many more like osteoporosis, osteomalacia, breast cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer, etc. (3) So more the climate changes more carcinogens around us. Over the last 25 years, there is an increased rate of reported incidence of malignant melanoma. (5) German watch Global Climate Risk Index (CRI)-2011 report showed that Bangladesh is one of the top 10 nations most vulnerable to climate change. As per the most recent Research Publications Related to Bangladesh, mesothelioma and lung cancer probably due to domestic and environmental asbestos and indoor coal combustion. (6).
25 # 01
Cont.
Climate Change and Cancer Prachi Afnan
Armed Forces Medical College The public is less aware of this thing and social media is trying to give an idea about the harmful changes happening around us due to climate change. Many television shows use jokes to increase understanding and engagement of this alarming topic. Former Vice President Al Gore appeared on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert in 2017 and said a climate change pick up line, “Are you climate change? Because when I look at you, the world disappears.” By making shows or using humor people need to be aware of what’s happening in our body due to climate change. If we don’t take action now it will be the end of our green world. So whether by using humor or by creating serious discussion we need to be aware and work accordingly. Because we all would like to be hot, but the climate however would not.
Reference: 1) Source: US Environmental Protection Agency) 2) Leticia M. Nogueira, K. Robin Yabroff, Aaron Bernstein. Climate change and cancer. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 2020; DOI: 10.3322/caac.21610 3) IARC. Solar and Ultraviolet Radiation. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Vol 55. Lyon, France, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1992. 4) Madronich S, de Gruijl FR. Skin cancer and UV radiation. Nature, 366 (6450): 23 (1993). 5) van der Leun JC, de Gruijl FR. Climate change and skin cancer. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2002;1:324–6 [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 6) Torres-Duque C, Maldonado D, Perez-Padilla R, Ezzati M, Viegi G. Biomass fuels and respiratory diseases: a review of the evidence, Proc Am Thorac Soc, 2008, vol. 5 (pg. 577-90)
26 # 01
Double Trouble: Natural Disasters & It's Effects Sadia Akhter
Bangladesh Medical College Have you ever thought, how would people cope if a major natural hazard, like a cyclone or an earthquake, befalls while the COVID-19 pandemic remains? Even a Hollywood scriptwriter would consider twice about linking a pandemic with another natural disaster. Yet this is a situation currently facing governments around the world. Just months ago, no one would have assumed that the whole world could be brought to a pause in the process we have witnessed in current weeks. In January 2020, as destructive bushfires drove thousands of Australians to abandon their homes. By the end of the month, as it began to die out, COVID-19 had appeared as a global pandemic that by late April, had caused more than 2,33,000 deaths around the world. There is a record of epidemics following natural disasters. But in 2020, we are in unknown territory. The COVID-19 pandemic is in full motion and threatening natural disasters can complicate the already heightened socio-economic vulnerabilities caused by COVID-19. (1) The strongest storm, Cyclone Amphan hit India and Bangladesh on 20 May 2020 followed by high-speed winds and torrential rain, provoking millions to rush to evacuate shelters. The United Nations office in Bangladesh estimates, some 10 million people were affected and 50,000 people may have lost their homes. The cyclone claimed more than 15 lives in Bangladesh. The coronavirus has already taken a toll on people. Now the cyclone has made them paupers, ruined their only means to survive. (2) Disasters don't hold for a virus. One of the major challenges is that adequate disaster response requires the close contact-the opposite of social distancing. Everybody comes together, physically gathers in a community. Teams seek for victims in the wreckage of buildings, distribution centers make lines of volunteers and survivors gather in tightly packed shelters. But the novel coronavirus adds additional risk to these life-saving movements. In response to the pandemic, authorities provided more than 12,000 evacuation shelters -to aid ensure physical distancing and other COVID-19 hygiene measures. They also urged people to appear at evacuation centers with their masks. The Red Cross is executing new plans, placing beds considerably apart, and monitoring for symptoms before they enter and throughout their stay. Yet shelters still face difficulties as health care operators are concerned about asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19. (3) If the past weeks have shown us anything so far, it is that anything is possible and that, in 2020 at least, the fact is most clearly stranger than any fiction Hollywood could create. We must think creatively, excite cross-ministerial collaboration, and tackle all types of scientific discoveries and data from earth-observing satellite images to disease-testing technologies. References: (1)https://phys.org/news/2020-05-dual-natural-disasters-covid-.html (2)https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/05/cyclone-amphan-india-bangladesh-clean-operation200522082604410.html (3)https://api.nationalgeographic.com/distribution/public/amp/science/2020/04/what-happens-when-naturaldisasters-strike-during-coronavirus-pandemic
27 # 01
Communicable disease : Anti-microbial Resistance Dhruba Tasnim
Armed Forces Medical College COMMUNICABLE DISEASE: ANTI-MICROBIAL RESISTANCE “Widespread use of antibiotics promotes the spread of antibiotic resistance. Smart use of antibiotics is the key to controlling its spread.�- A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of microorganisms to resist the inhibitory impact of medication on them. During the last five decades, the overuse and misuse of antimicrobial agents have resulted in the emergence of strains of bacteria that no longer responds to therapy. According to the report, more than 2.8 million antibioticresistant infections occur in the U.S. every year, and more than 35,000 people die as a result. Thus addressing this issue is one of the most intense primacy in the fields of public health today. HOW IT HAPPENS: The spreading of resistance is an outcome of the natural selection process. Some bacteria possess traits that are resistant to antimicrobial drugs. Such as: - In the biochemical process, the resistance genes can be evolved by mutation and pass on to the adjacent bacteria. Some strains also secret inactivating enzymes to diminish the drug. Furthermore, the efflux pump is a channel which exports drugs from the bacterial cell. - In acquiring resistance bacteria receives free mutated DNA by conjugation, transduction, and transformation process.
EFFECTS AND STATISTICS: - Escherichia coli and Klebsiella Pneumoniae are resistant to third-generation Cephalosporins. Also, extended spectrum Beta-lactamases and Fluoroquinolones which has resulted in the death of 9100 in 2017. The Centers for disease control and prevention estimates about 73,000 cases of E. coli infection occur each year and pneumonia affect approximately 450 million people every year. - Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter causes pneumonia and urinary tract infections. These infections most likely occur in patients in ICU causing 700 deaths in 2017. - Pseudomonas Aeruginosa causes pneumonia, bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, and surgical site infections which is resistant to all antibiotics including Carbapenem. 2700 patients died in 2017 due to this microbe. - Neisseria Gonorrhoeae is resistant to third-generation cephalosporins - Staphylococcus Aureus showing resistance to beta-lactam antibacterial drugs
28 # 01
Communicable disease : Anti-microbial Resistance
Cont.
Dhruba Tasnim
Armed Forces Medical College WHY DOES IT HAPPEN: 1. Overprescribing of antibiotics 2. Patients not taking antibiotics as prescribed 3. Overuse of antibiotics in agriculture 4. Poor infection control in hospitals 5. Lack of hygiene and poor sanitation practices 6. Lack of rapid laboratory test
GET SMART TAKING ANTIBIOTIC - Not to pressurize doctor to prescribe an antibiotic - Following the physician's directions while taking antibiotics. - Completing the antibiotic course even if we feel better. - We should not save antibiotics for later use. - Maintaining healthy lifestyle habits. - Maintaining good hygiene, These events can prevent overuse and misuse of antibiotics altogether. Antibiotic resistance is emerging globally and undermining our ability to treat common infectious diseases. It leads to higher medical costs, extended hospital stays, and expanded mortality. Today, It is one of the threatening public health challenges in the world. However, if we do not stop misusing antibiotics now, possibly we will confront a post-anti-microbial period where regular contaminations would be untreatable. By following proper guidelines and prescriber's advice we can still manage to save the antibiotic era to treat ailments and assist mankind.
REFERENCES 1. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/112642/9789241564748_eng.pdf 2. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antibiotic-resistance 3. https://www.cdc.gov/ 4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_resistance
29 # 01
Dengue: Possible Threats and the Current Situation Tamanna Habib Sara Bangladesh Medical College
Dengue, which is also known as "Break Bone Disease" is an acute infectious disease caused by "Arbovirus" type 1, 2,3 & 4. It is the fastest emerging arboviral infection. Since 2000 dengue has been remaining endemic in Bangladesh. Reported cases were 5,555 & deaths were 93 but the number was reduced gradually. But in the last two years, there is again severe upsurge with complicated cases were observed. The analysis result shows that previously dengue cases used to occur during the monsoon season (MayAugust). But since 2014, these trends have been changing and dengue cases have been reported mostly in premonsoon season. In 2019 there was a dengue outbreak in Bangladesh and even the dengue symptoms and managements were kind of different from the normal one. Even in 2020 during the Coronavirus pandemic, many cases of dengue were found in Bangladesh. Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti is the primary and common epidemic vector. There are 4 serotypes, antigenically crossreactive and all of them are available in Bangladesh. Others are--* Aedes ( Stegomyia) albopictus (secondary vector) *Aedes (Stegomyia) polynesiensis *Aedes scutellaris Infection with serotype 1 gives lifelong immunity to that specific serotype but not necessarily to the other 3. A second infection with a different serotype is associated with an enhanced risk of severity. There are currently no reliable clinical and laboratory indicators that accurately predict the development of Dengue Hemorrhagic fever. But studies have shown that high viral load and intense activation of the immune system are associated with DHF. Cytokine and NS1 antigen have been shown to be associated with the severity of dengue. Recently, endothelial cells and factors regulating vascular permeability have been demonstrated to play a role. In the clinical features of dengue there is continuous or saddle back fever. Other manifestations are anorexia, nausea, vomiting, relatively bradycardia, prostration, lymphadenopathy, intense headache, retro-orbital pain, painful joints and muscles, the appearance of maculo- papular rash in the body, abdominal pain & gastrointestinal bleeding, etc. Adults may have a fatal course by elevated liver enzymes, hemostatic abnormalities (rising hematocrit and thrombocytopenia). The hemorrhagic manifestations include fine petechial hemorrhage, epistaxis, bleeding from gum, subconjunctival hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding, and these are accompanied by itching. In dengue Shock Syndrome if the platelet counts are very low like less than 1 lakh the patient should be hospitalized and treated. If the platelet count comes down to below 25 thousand and there is profuse hemorrhage, the patient needs platelet transfusion. Severe dengue can be complicated. And it may cause Carditis, Encephalopathy, Encephalitis, Acute liver failure, and sometimes AKI and multiorgan failure (MOF). All of these can be a threat to the patients. There’s no specific drug against the dengue virus. Only clinical managements are possible for dengue patients. So the outbreak is a threat to the nation. But as we all know "Prevention is better than cure". The only way to prevent and control dengue transmission is the prevention and control of infective vector bite.
30 # 01
COVID and it's Effect Miftahul Jannat Mahi
Corona-virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is defined as an illness caused by a novel Corona-virus now called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; formally called 2019-nCoV) First identified amid an outbreak of respiratory illness cases in Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China. On January 30, 2020, the WHO declared the COVID -19 a global pandemic; it’s first such designation since declaring H1N1 influenza a pandemic in 2009. Why Dangerous: During the disease, acute severe lung failure can develop very easily and quickly. The alveoli collapse because there is less breathing surface, so less oxygen can be absorbed & the blood circulation is also disturbed. Vulnerable groups of COVID-19 • Older people (60+) • Lung problems including asthma • Heart disease, diabetes & obesity • Weakened immune system • Smoker • Chronic Kidney or Liver diseases COVID-19 Vaccine: No vaccine has completed clinical trials. By June,2020,159 vaccine candidates were in development with two in Phase || efficacy & dose testing studies in human subjects, five in Phase |-|| safety & efficacy trials & four in Phase | trials. Plasma therapy: In the search for an effective treatment for COVID-19 an old method of fighting infections disease has recently resurfaced; transfusions with convalescent plasma. The blood of people who have recovered from Corona contains antibodies.
31 # 01
Cont.
COVID and it's Effect Miftahul Jannat Mahi Bad sides of COVID-19 & lockdown: • Food crisis: lack of transport, restrictions on movements have meant that in some parts work has come to a standstill as the product can’t be packaged & sent to wholesale market or retailers. • Bad impact on Economy: The economic consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak are tough to handle as the entire of the global supply chain has been interrupted due to lockdown. The import export-oriented companies are at risk. The foreign remittance will come down & thus it will not the foreign reserves of the country • Low-income group: low-income people including day labourers & garment workers are badly affected groups in as they instantaneously have become jobless due to lockdown. ~ Only 15% of Bangladeshi workers earn more than $6 a day • Maternal Health: In Bangladesh, an estimated 2.4 million babies will be born under the shadow of the COVID-19. Globally the number is 116 million. Including global containment measures such as lockdown & curfews, health centre overwhelmed with response efforts, supply and equipment shortage & a lack of sufficient skilled birth attendants as health workers, including midwives, are redeployed to treat COVID-19 patients. • Mental Health: At times of disruption change & uncertainty, it is natural for us to worry and this can cause problems not only in feelings of anxiety and concern but sometimes can also affect how well we function in our daily lives, our workplaces, our relationship. Good sides of COVID-19 & lockdown: • Decrease of environment pollution • Benefits of Biodiversity • Family time • Extra time for hobbies Post epidemic world: Employment generation, increase food production, trade & commerce promotion, boosting SMEs & supporting the service sector can be focused on through fiscal methods to help expedite economic recovery.
Reference 1. www.globaltimes.cn 2. www.unicef.org 3. www.en.m.wikipedia.org 4. www.aa.com.tr
32 # 01
COVID And Its Relationship With Plasma Therapy Divyani Bhagat
Zainul Haque Sikder Women's Medical College INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
Pneumonia associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV -2), named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) by World Health Organization (WHO), emerged in Wuhan, China. The epidemic spread rapidly worldwide within 3 months and was characterized as pandemic by WHO on March 11, 2020.
The transfer of convalescent plasma is an old concept, used since at least 1918 to fight the Spanish Flu pandemic. More recently, it was used during the 2003 SARS pandemic, the 2009 influenza H1N1 pandemic, and the 2015 Ebola outbreak in Africa. Several small observational studies during COVID 19 pandemic suggest convalescent plasma is a part of an effective treatment strategy for patients with severe diseases.
TREATMENT As the novel coronavirus continues to spread its fang across the globe, the medical experts, researchers, and scientist are working round the clock to develop potential drugs and vaccine to combat it. From Hydroxychloroquine to Remdisiver, there is a host of potential COVID-19 treatment. However, the ‘near-miraculous' results were reported with the usage of antiprotozoal medicine, Ivermectin along with Doxycycline, an antibiotic. The Bangladeshi doctors explained that the combination of these two drugs gave a great result in patients with acute symptoms of the disease.
METHOD
PLASMA THERAPY
The most critically ill patients show prolonged viremia (strongly correlated with serum IL-6, which leaves room for therapeutic intervention with antivirals and immunoglobulins even in late stages).
Convalescent plasma is a form of adaptive immunization, an indirect way to protect a susceptible individual by providing immunity against a specific pathogen.
The development of immunity to a pathogen involves an innate response followed by an adaptive response, where the body makes specific antibodies to clear offending pathogens. Patients recovering from infection have variable antibody levels which can be used to treat other critically ill patients. Fully recovered donors can donate plasma by plasmapheresis, but where this is unavailable, whole blood is collected and plasma is separated for transfusion to the patient maintaining optimum conditions of storage, defrosting and administration techniques for fresh frozen plasma.
33 # 01
COVIDAnd Its Relationship With Plasma Therapy
Cont.
Divyani Bhagat
Zainul Haque Sikder Women's Medical College
EFFECT
REFERENCES
Viral shedding in survivors can be as long as 37 days, mandating SARS- CoV2 RNA screening in CP donors. Appearance of serum IgM and 9 antibody in COVID-19 occurs for 5 days after symptoms onset, while IgG is detected since day 14. The duration of ANTI-SARS-CoV2 antibodies in plasma remains unknown. A suitable donor could donate 600ml plasma every 14 days for a minimum of 6 months. Typically, up to 2 doses of 200 ml each are administered at least 12 hours apart, with an infusion rate of 100 to 200 ml/hr. The cumulative dose should be targeted according to body weight and antibody titer.
1. Amin Islam, Shafquat Rafiq, Sabina Karim, Ismail Laher, Harunor Rashid. Convalescent plasma therapy in their treatment of COVID19. International journal of surgery, volume 79, July 2020 2. Long Chen, Jong Xiong, Lei Bao, Yuan Shi. Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19. There Lancet Infectious diseases, volume 20, issue 4, April 2020 3. Sarurabh Kumar, Vinit Sharma, Kanu Priya. Battle against COVID19: Efficacy of convalescent plasma as an emergency therapy. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2 June 2020 4. Daniele Focosi, Julian Tang, Arthur O. Anderson, Marco Tuccori.
BENEFITS OF CP IN COVID-19 1. Improvement of clinical symptoms 2. Reduction of pulmonary lesions on chest CT examinations. 3. Increase of titers of neutralizing antibody and disappearance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, CP manufacturing should be considered among the first responding actions during the pandemic in the meanwhile antivirals and vaccines are tested.
Convalescent plasma therapy for Covid-19: State of the art. ResearchaGate, May 2020
34 # 01
Disruption in Global Immunization Sarah Jahangir
Dhaka Medical College While we wait desperately for a safe and effective vaccine against COVID-19, children across the globe are missing out on vaccines against many preventable illnesses.Due to measures to stop the spread of COVID-19 routine mass immunization programs has been disrupted in many of the world’s poorest countries.One of the lifesaving vaccines in the Expanded Programme on Immunization(EPI) schedule is the measles vaccine.Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by a deadly virus. Before the introduction of the measles vaccine in 1963 and widespread vaccination, major epidemics occurred approximately every 2-3 years and measles caused an estimated 2.6 million deaths each year globally.Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine, more than 140,000 people died from measles in 2018 - mostly children under the age of 5.Unvaccinated young children are at great risk of contracting measles and suffering complications including pneumonia, encephalitis, and even death. We must act urgently to balance getting control of this pandemic while maintaining essential immunization.While we adapt to the new normal we must come up with innovative approaches and rapid implementation to resume immunization during these challenging times.Some ways to catch up on missed immunization may be done as follows: Mobilizing youth health care workers at the community level to go from one house to the next and to vaccinate young children while maintaining all necessary precautions. HCWs should be trained to follow strict guidelines to maintain proper hand hygiene and prevent crosscontamination.Vaccination kiosks may be set up throughout cities and an app can be developed to schedule timed appointments to minimize crowding.Currently, mothers in most developing countries are given a paper card with checkboxes that are filled out with a pen every time a child receives a vaccine. If every child is given a unique code and input is taken into a central network it will be much easier to track which children are missing which vaccine. We must act urgently to balance getting control of this pandemic while maintaining essential immunization.
35 # 01
COVID-19 Vaccines: Things We Need to Know Iftekhar Ahmed Sakib
Shaheed Suhrawardi Medical College Scientists are trying to accomplish something inconceivable a decade ago -- creating a vaccine against a pandemic. Although no vaccine has completed clinical trials, there are multiple efforts in progress. Let's know the facts of COVID-19 vaccine. Current status of COVID-19 Vaccine: On 4 May 2020, WHO organized a telethon which received US$8.1 billion in pledges from forty countries to support the rapid development of vaccines to prevent COVID-19 infections also announcing the deployment of an international "Solidarity trial" for simultaneous evaluation of several vaccine candidates reaching Phase II-III clinical trials. There are 4 Phases until a vaccine is available in the market. In case of COVID-19 vaccines, by mid-June 2020, 194 vaccine candidates were in development, with 13 in human testing: two in Phase II efficacy and dose-testing studies in human subjects, five in Phase III safety and efficacy trials, and six in Phase I trials. Challenges that need to be addressed: COVID-19 is mutating now and then. So many vaccination efforts are there around the globe. But how to integrate all these efforts is beyond the reach of WHO. The safety and required number of volunteers is still to be assessed. Growing competitions between pharmaceutical companies around the globe have been a matter of concern. The Vaccination war is affecting the nations too. Countries are now openly engaged in a competition to develop the vaccine first. The competition may compromise the quality of the vaccine. Time has been a major challenge. Effective fund management, researchers and logistic support is an issue for developing nations. Tackling misinformation and disinformation and ensuring cyber-security related to vaccine development has not been addressed. Above everything, once a vaccine is developed, how it will be effectively distributed among the people around the globe is the most depressing issue. It seems a folly then to rush our way towards a vaccine in 2020 if it is likely to have only limited benefit to the population most in need and may put otherwise healthy people at risk. The risk goes far beyond the dangers a COVID vaccine alone may hold. Public support for vaccines, in general, is already an issue. Trust in other lifesaving vaccines will be eroded even further if a COVID vaccine goes wrong and many more people—children especially— will be at risk if vaccination rates fall. Yes, we are all increasingly longing for an end to the outbreak. But a safe vaccine, effective for all those at risk, is worth the wait. 'Prevention is better than cure'. Vaccination against a pandemic is a must. But vaccination is not the ultimate solution. COVID-19 will persist in the event after effective vaccination. All we have to do is start adapting our lifestyles with COVID-19. When a vaccine comes and finally the borders are opened, the world needs to start anew. We all need to embrace the new normal. Till then keep washing hands and stay home, stay safe.
36 # 01
Maternal Health in COVID 19 Shreshma Devkota
Zainul Haque Sikder Women's Medical College What is Maternal Health? According to the World Health Organization (WHO)- A maternal health can be defined as health of the woman during pregnancy, childbirth and postnatal. Each stage should be a positive experience ensuring woman and the babies to reach their full potential for health and well being. The most common cause of maternal injury and death are excessive blood loss, infection, high blood pressure, unsafe abortion, and obstructed labour etc. Most maternal deaths are preventable with timely management by a skilled health professional working in a supportive environment. Deaths from complications during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period have declined by 38% in the last two decades, but at an average reduction of just under 3% per year, this pace of progress is far too slow. In the current scenario COVID -19, a global pandemic has hit the world in a very drastic way. The cases are increasing day by day with affecting and taking many lives all around the globe. During this time, it is very hard to maintain proper maternal care at the hospital or home because women are facing more barriers to accessing maternal health care, including movement restrictions, transportation challenges, and anxiety over possibly being exposed to the virus. Only very few pregnant women are visiting health facilities for consultation. Due to the lockdown, imposed to prevent the spread of Covid-19, maternity services have been obstructed throughout the country and globally, putting the lives of pregnant women at great risk. Apart from hospital deliveries, antenatal and postnatal care is also being hampered during this lockdown. With an increase in deprived hospital visits due to lack of transportation, many pregnant women are not being able to receive iron tablets and tetanus toxoid vaccines which are to be given during pregnancy. The pandemic has hit maternal health socially, economically, and mentally with this women are experiencing anxiety and fear that if they get affected then the risk for transmission of infection will be high. Recently, According to the American Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology shows that l among 9 pregnant women with severe COVID-19 disease, at the time of reporting, 7 of 9 died, 1 of 9 remains critically ill, and ventilator dependent, and 1 of 9 recovered after a prolonged hospitalization. Likewise, many cases were reported around the globe. Many factors are there which helps to improve maternal health during this pandemic. As nutrition plays a vital role in pregnancy, it is important to provide a properly balanced diet for the pregnant woman. As the cases are increasing it is very important to save yourself from direct contacts, which can be avoided by staying at home. If a pregnant woman is in her 1st and 3rd trimester, then she will have to undergo various diagnostic tests, scans and vaccines in an alternative week or a month, so this would be easy if the hospital/clinic is nearby and also she should check on doctor's availability and facilities going on there. Due to hormonal imbalance, there will be huge anxiety, meditations listening to music could soothe the soul before sleep. Last but not the least, pregnant women should keep herself out of news or social media that would disturb her mentally. Maternal health remains a staggering challenge amidst this pandemic. So, it should not be neglected and ignored. More or less government should include facilities to provide proper care during lockdown to prevent maternal mortality rate. (1) REFERENCES 1. https://www.who.int/health-topics/maternal-health#tab=tab_1 2. https://www.publichealthupdate.com/covid19-and-maternal-health-tips-for-preg nant-women-need-to-do-during-lockdown/ 3. https://www.mhtf.org/2020/04/18/amidstthe-covid-19-pandemic-we-must-remember
37 # 01
Importance of Mental Health: During and After A Pandemic Lisanul Hasan
Dhaka Medical College Many of us didn’t even know the word pandemic before. As medical students and doctors, we have learned a little bit about our curriculum. But even we were not aware of the gravitas of the situation. So we are taken aback by this corona pandemic on many fronts. Our day to day routine has changed a lot. We are forced to stay indoors. As many of us have experienced something like this for the first time in our lifetime, it is taking a toll on our physical as well as mental health. Being a fresh medical graduate, I have seen how severely this corona pandemic is affecting our mental health while working as a tele-medicine service provider. Those who have some existing mental health conditions, they are unable to take proper consultation from their psychiatrist or psychologist due to extensive lock-down. Besides, many new patients are complaining about symptoms indicative of many psychosomatic disorders. Constant intake of negative news from various sources, apprehension of death, lack of proper medical care, loss of jobs and subsequent economic loss, etc. have contributed to various mental health issues resulting in a cumulative effect. So experts are saying that mental health problems are going to be a major public health issue in the post-corona world. Historically mental health has been ignored by society due to lack of proper understanding and various stigmas attached to it. Even the health professionals from other branches have tagged it as pseudo-science sometimes. But it is a good news that people are starting to talk. Social media conversation about various mental health issues and it’s necessities have made us aware that it is indeed a part of the total well being of a person. So it is expected that governments and leaders are going to put more emphasis on it as proper mental health service is more essential now than ever before. Modern civilization is moving towards the gross happiness index from the gross national index. To ensure a happy world, we should take care of our mental health.
38 # 01
Mental Health In Quarantine Kasmin Akhter Sumi
Introduction The December, 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak has seen many countries ask people who have potentially come into contact with infection to isolate themselves at home or in a dedicated quarantine facility. Quarantine means separation and restrictions movement of people who have potentially been exposed to contagious disease to ascertain if they become unwell. Although it is way to stop virus spreading, quarantine is not easy , it has some mental health consequences if we don’t learn how to cope with it. Where does the word quarantine come from? The practice of quarantine began during 14th century in order to protect coastal cities from plague epidemics .Ships arriving in Venice from infected ports were required to sit at anchor for 40 days before landing. Quarantine, derived from Italian words quaranta giorni which means 40 days. How does quarantine affect mental health? Effect of quarantine, it may positive/ negative. Negative effects are stress, depression, irritability, anger, emotional disturbance ,loneliness etc. Few positive feeling, happiness, feeling relief. Why is this review needed? Quarantine is unpleasant experience for those who undergo it. Separation from beloved one, loss of freedom, uncertainty over disease status. Suicide has be reported. So it is needed review.
Stressor during quarantine Longer duration of quarantine were associated with poor mental health specifically post traumatic stress symptoms and anger . Frustration: Confinement, loss of usual routine, reduced social contact with others were shown to cause boredom ,sense of isolation from rest world which was distressing to participants. Inadequate supplies: Having inadequate basic supplies (food,clothes) during quarantine was a source of frustration, anxiety . Fears of infection: Participant fears about their own health /infecting others, more likely to fear infecting family members those not quarantine. They worried if they experienced any physical symptoms related to infection.
39 # 01
Cont.
Mental Health In Quarantine Kasmin Akhter Sumi
Finances: Financial loss can be problem during quarantine with people unable to work , the effect appear to be long lasting. This creates socioeconomic distress, anxiety. Stigma: Quarantined participants were reported stigmatization ,rejection from people in their neighborhood .
Recommendation to cope with quarantine We know it is not easy to be in quarantine.we need to take into some helpful tips to overcome this successfully. • Establish routine :Establishing routine you will be more productive and feel better.you will maintain sleeping schedule ,this will benefit your general well being. • Be intentional : use extra time intentionally. Plan to come out new skill. • Maintain social connections : we are in social isolation but we need not feel alone. We can use Facebook to communicate our friends, family members. • Mindfulness meditation remove stress Conclusion To Keep mental health well, we should remove depression, maintain social distancing, avoid mass gathering to prevent contagious disease. Follow all rules and regulations of health to lead happy life . Sources 1.Mental Health and psychological considerations during COVID_19 outbreak. 12 Mar 2020 <http://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel_coronavirus_2019>(Google Scholar) 2.center for Disease control and prevention 2017.Quarantine and Isolation. http://www.cdc.gov./quarantine /index. html(Google.scholar) 3.WHO:Geneva:2020,coping with stress during the 2019 -Ncov outbreak (Handout)Accessed on (Google Scholar) .
40 # 01
Mental Health During Quarantine Natasha Bhattarai
Zainul Haque Sikder Women's Medical College The sun was scorching that day. With nothing to do in my afternoon, my mind was completely vacant. After lunch, I felt sleepy and slept for almost 2 hrs. Then, suddenly my phone rang. It was my cousin who called me and said that Bollywood star Sushant Singh Rajput committed suicide. I was shocked by the news. I looked into my Facebook. It was flooded with news about Sushant. Everyone was writing about depression and suicide. Nepal is in lockdown since the end of March and there are about 1300 reported cases of suicide. One of my relatives, aunt Bindiya, called me yesterday and said that her son was showing different behavioral changes. He was refusing food and having trouble sleeping at night. In addition to that, she told me he was not interested in any work and felt sad and frustrated every time. Then I told her about depression and asked her to contact a psychiatrist. About 21 per cent of people who have a substance use problem also experience depression. In addition to these causes other risk factors to include: • Low self-esteem or being self-critical • Personal history of mental illness • Certain medications • Stressful events, such as loss of a loved one, economic problems, or a divorce. These are the major criteria for depression: 1. Markedly diminished interest in or pleasure in all or almost all activities most of the day, nearly every day. 2. Significant weight loss. 3. Insomnia or hypersomnia almost every day. 4. Psychomotor agitation retardation nearly every day. 5. Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day. 6. Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt. 7. Diminished ability to think or concentrate. 8. Recurrent thoughts of death. 9. Recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan. If at least five of the major criteria are present then the person is deemed depressed. So, if anyone is having these problems then please tell it to your near ones. And those who notice these types of behavioral changes in your near ones then please inform to take him/her to a psychiatrist. Saving one’s life means saving the whole world of them. References: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341230569_COVID-19related_suicides_in_Bangladesh_due_to_lockdown_and_economic_factors_Case_study_evidence#pf6 https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/causes
41 # 01
The Loneliest Generation' Gets Lonelier Zubair Zajbe
Sheikh Hasina Medical College, Jamalpur As the coronavirus pandemic continues to rage on, an invisible fight is emerging for many at home, triggered by the anxiety, joblessness, death, isolation, and uncertainty that accompany the virus. News outlets and social media have focused heavily on the implications of the virus in regard to physical health and giving recommendations on how to preserve physical well-being. But an issue that has been overlooked is the mental health decline that has accompanied the pandemic. People being locked at their homes to prevent the spread of coronavirus, exposed to mental health issues like depression, heightened stress, anxiety. The feeling of worry and stress are normal human responses when people are in a state of danger or threat; and this whole pandemic has caused widespread despair and feelings of vulnerability. Previous studies evaluated the effects of quarantining on mental and psychological health, which can be compared with the current state of quarantine. A study that evaluated people quarantined because of being suspected to have SARS showed that over 20% (230 of 1057) reported fear, 18% (187) reported nervousness, 18% (186) reported sadness, and 10% (101) reported guilt. Only a few reported positive feelings: 5%. (1) Another study evaluated that posttraumatic stress symptoms in parents and children being quarantined were 4 times compared to those who were not quarantined.(2) For health care workers,3 being quarantined was significantly and positively associated with post-traumatic stress and avoidance behaviors. They experienced greater stigma, exhibited more avoidance after quarantine, reported a greater loss of income and greater psychological impact compared to normal people. (3) These are the feelings that most people are currently experiencing but discussing mental health has always been a taboo topic that can cause mental health to be overlooked. The situation of mental health in Bangladesh is something like bringing owls to Athens!! Bangladesh’s mental health policy was last revised in 2006. The draft version of ‘’ MENTAL HEALTH ACT, Bangladesh’’ has been prepared and submitted to the proper authority in 2002 but still, it is not approved and enacted. In light of such impolitic deeds are yet to be suffered by common people. Mental health expenditures from the government health department are less than 0.5%. In the case of resources, there are 50 outpatient mental health facilities, 31 community-based psychiatric inpatient units, and 11 community based residential facilities available in a country of 161 million people. Lastly, like an apple of the eye, there is 1 mental hospital available in the country for a total of 0.4 beds per 100,000 populations. (4)
42 # 01
The Loneliest Generation' Gets Lonelier
Cont.
Zubair Zajbe
Sheikh Hasina Medical College, Jamalpur
Overall, this Review suggests that Mental health is undoubtedly as important as physical health and should also be addressed throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Addressing the concerns around the growing mental health decline is a must to avoid the increase in anxiety, PTSD, and depression that have been experienced in quarantine. If not there can be long-term consequences that affect not just the people quarantined but also the health-care system that administered the quarantine and the politicians and public health officials who mandated it. References: 1.Samantha K Brooks., ‘’ The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence’’. https://www.thelancet.com/ February 26, 2020 2.Sprang G., ‘’Posttraumatic stress disorder in parents and youth after health-related disasters’’. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2013; 7: 105-1 3.Marjanovic Z, ‘’The relevance of psychosocial variables and working conditions in predicting nurses' coping strategies during the SARS crisis: an online questionnaire survey.’’ Int J Nurs Stud. 2007; 44: 991-99 4. WHO-AIMS REPORT ON MENTAL HEALTH SYSTEM IN BANGLADESH https://www.who.int/mental_health/bangladesh_who_aims_report.pdf?ua=1
43 # 01
YIN & YANG-Exploring Yang (bright) side of lockdown Mahzabin Farzana Methela
Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Everything can be taken from a man but one thing; the last of human freedoms to choose one's attitude in any given set of circumstances to choose one's own way. -Viktor E. Frankl
陰陽
In Ancient Chinese philosophy, yin & yang (Chinese: ) is a concept of dualism. It shows a balance between two opposite. Yin is negative and Yang is positive. According to the Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist Viktor E. Frank, we can state that the choice between yin and yang depends on us. This COVID-19 lockdown has brought untold misery to millions whereas in every act there is a silver lining. So, let’s look over the YANG side this lockdown has offered us. GROWTH AS AN INDIVIDUAL: Our generation motto is " HUSTLE TODAY TO ENJOY TOMORROW”. But by this often we bogged down with work to the extent that we completely miss out enjoying the nuances of life. This lockdown has been a godsend opportunity to set at rest or pseudo passion and relive our real passion and hobbies. REVIVING OF MOTHER NATURE: As the cacophony of urban life is silenced, the forced confinement has already reintroduced us to the magic of nature. The air quality is now breathable and increased visibility. Carbon and nitrogen emission reduced. Life, in general, has mellowed down, liberated wildlife. Cleaner water is seen. The outbreak has also provided cover for illegal activities such as deforestation of the Amazon rainforest and poaching in Africa hindered environmentally diplomacy efforts. SPENDING TIME WITH FAMILIES : This family time is making our bond strong. Living on lockdown has given us time to reflect. On ourselves, our relationships and what’s important to us. For some of us, that means reaching out to old friends or healing old wounds with people we once thought we’d never speak to again. And in a way, the tech that helps us reconnect makes repairing those relationships easier. HEALTH: Cleanliness is now a priority and not a mere duty. We have started to keep our surroundings clean to prevent our family from coronavirus. Not only our surroundings but also self-hygiene is also a priority for everyone. An indirect workout is also done as there are no maids available.
44 # 01
YIN & YANG-Exploring Yang (bright) side of lockdown
Cont.
Mahzabin Farzana Methela
Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College TECH REASSERT: The lockdown, although forced by circumstances, has made us realize the importance of being technically advanced. RELIGIOUS DEVOTION: It is said that devotion towards oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s religion brings internal peace. In this lockdown, many people started practising their own religion devotedly than before. LESS EXPENDITURE : Enabling a significant part of the employee base to work from home implies that organizations may no longer need huge office spaces. Expenses related to transport, outing has been reduced.
TEMPORARY ABOLISHMENT OF TRAFFIC: Traffic is nowhere seen in megacities. For that pollution level dipped, fuel is saved. UNITY: Break has brought individuals across the planet irrespective of wealth, age, citizenship to come together with a common purpose and fight against it.
This are the bright side of lock down but better time is yet to come. Hang in there, world! Cheers To the Light! To the YANG Side of Lockdown!
45 # 01
Hope Amidst COVID-19 Rebicca Pradhan
Dhaka Medical College I had always wished I had known what it's like living through something. Like the '80s, the monarchy, the time when the world didn’t know what it was like living without cell phones or their eyes glued to a screen, to wear classy dresses or even times when people survived the war. Little did I know when life is at stake you wish for the normal life knowing nothing will be the same again. After COVID purged onto our lives people are acting differently around the alienated air. They pray deeper and bonds are growing stronger. With all news and daily updates whirling at our doorstep, something unwanted has latched on to me, something that managed to make its presence scarce, that knew how to creep its way in. Like a mugger in a dark ally or monsters under your bed or the evils lurking around you when it's dark. Just like the smell of their mother's milk had a calming effect on premature babies, at times of crisis I am familiarizing with the smell and fragrance like that of coffee, burnt leaves, old books, a restaurant, a person, and freshly baked cake. In them, I have found comfort. Fear too has its smell and it reeks of the lonely nights, the dark alleys, lost dreams, and forbidden love and unrequited pride. As fear transpires, the air around you thickens so much that you feel a heaviness being tied around your neck. You start having these dreams that show you everything you were hiding from during the daylight. Tragedies, calamities, and pandemics have an air of uncertainty that the humans despise. Thus the constant need for discussion, research, and queries for comfort. Ever since COVID spread like wildfire along with the devastating changes it has brought, it has also given us a new sense of LIVING LIFE. Instead of wallowing in self-pity and other negative thoughts, let’s find a bright side amid the darkness. “Try not to resist the changes that come your way. Instead, let life live through you. And do not worry that your life is turning upside down. How do you know that the side you are used to is better than the one to come?” - Elif Shafak Aside from fear and unpredictability HOPE drives us. We are so used to being hopeful that even if we are holding by a thread we don't stop searching for the silver lining. Hoping that things are going to change for good. Sometimes we might think that we’re being relentlessly optimistic, but we’re only human. Maybe our journey now has come to redefine what we value in life, it’s not at all about going places far away to feel alive. It is weaving little moments in fragments of time and staying home allowing us to dive in the world’s deep ocean of thoughts.
46 # 01
Positive Sides of Lockdown Manikuzzaman Riju
Bangladesh Medical College The most pronounced word nowadays rather than “Hello” or “Ok” is lockdown. The entire world has been under lockdown for over 2 months in an attempt to flatten the curve of COVID-19 pandemic. The whole world is trying to survive and life has changed for all of us in every considerable way. But it’s not wise to overlook some good things which come with the same flow of bad things. Thrust the obstacles aside and just see what it has brought to us. During the lockdown, our movement is restricted. We can't go out for amusement but to get the daily needs. For this curtailment, we have a clear view of which one is fundamental and which one is luxury and also bring out the optimum use of the resources. We, people, know many things but are not concerned about their application. Personal hygiene is a very common term to our daily life which is important to preserve our health though we don't maintain this habit properly. But the lockdown for the sake of Covid-19 makes us conscious whether we are maintaining it otherwise we should deal with this fatal disease. Very often for workload or some other causes we can't give much time to our family and so, sometimes we take them for granted. But for this time period of lockdown people are spending a lot of time with the members and understanding their needs. We hardly get time except during lockdown for ourselves. Many people are exploring their hobbies such as gardening, writing, cooking and so on. These types of works ensure both mental and physical health. Lockdown affects the educational field but not as much as supposed to be. Thanks to the advanced technology that helps us to continue our study over online classes. Not only the online classes but also telemedicine refers to the practice of caring for patients remotely when the provider and patient are not physically present with each other are the bright signs towards digital Bangladesh. With such positive things, how can we forget about our environment! On account of limiting the movement of vehicles, pollution has reduced in a dramatic way.
47 # 01
Light From the Dark Qavi Sekander Alam
Sheikh Hasina Medical College, Jamalpur The country has turned into no man’s land since the lockdown started (not everywhere). Everyone is staying at home, waiting for something very bad to happen. It started when a video got viral on the social media that some people are falling down in the streets, lifts, and everywhere in Wuhan! That was so terrifying news that it took no longer to fill people’s minds with fear. So, 3rd march, the deadly disease came to our country compelling everyone to stay at home maintaining social distance. All the educational institutions are closed since the 17th march. Since then everyone is sitting at the home and passing boring times. Lockdown can be very terrifying for people who never stayed home for that long time, and it also affects mental health badly. Despite that, I noticed some bright side of staying home. Lots of internal development can happen during this free time. I tried to point out some. Nature is reviving! It is beyond saying how much we tortured nature. Every day threw tons of wastes into it, and it was trying hard to come up with that. But day by day, it was getting worse. This lockdown is like a healing potion for nature. It is restoring to a better version for all the creatures depends on it. Can’t wait to see dolphins in Cox’s Bazar! More Family Time Seriously, after taking admission to medical college, I never got a chance to spend that much time with my family. My parents used to be too busy to manage time for their kids. But due to this, they also got some leisure and time to spend with us. It is very nice to chit-chat with parents, not talking all the time about careers and so on. The most wonderful thing, Abbu is not yelling at everyone! That is so nice! This lockdown helped me a lot to work out on my family and I am closer to them than any time! Skin Tan is gone! I often curse myself for getting around too much into outside and burn my skin. Friends often called me ‘Kalojaam’ for that skin. But see, due to this lockdown, my skin has become fair than ever! Sometimes I also can’t recognize me! I think that maybe a common point for most of the people. No More Excuses to Diet Control Healthy people like me will understand this point. We often show many excuses not to check our weight like ‘oh! I am very busy studying’, ‘Will start after the exam. Promise!’, ‘Already got too much pressure, can’t take another load’. But now, there is no time for an excuse. I started controlling my diet and reduced a reasonable amount of weight and now I feel much better.
48 # 01
Cont.
Light From the Dark Qavi Sekander Alam
Sheikh Hasina Medical College, Jamalpur It’s Cooking Time! After doing all possible things for entertainment, we get bored again. Cause how much time a person can spend watching movies and series? So, learning cooking can be a good option for those who are out of idea for spending a quarantine period. I wondered; how many ingredients are needed to make a simple dish like chicken curry! Seriously, our mothers do a very tough job and hats off to them. And for your information, I am now capable of basic cooking :D Free from Study Pressure It needs no saying that how tough is our lessons in medical college. There at least one exam every day, sometimes more. Lecture Class, Ward, Tutorial, Item, Card, Term……what not! This lockdown reveals a fairy tale of getting up from the bed and no need to go to class, no tension for exams. How cool is that? Bookworms Lockdown is like a blessing to bookworms. There is very little space for reading other books than reference books in medical life. But now, one can sit back, grab a cup of tea, and can read all the time tension free. I like many benefits of lockdown, but this peace can’t be compared! Talent Hunt This lockdown revealed many unveiled talents of people. There should be a new saying, ‘Boredom is the key to talent hunt’. Some of us didn’t even know that we have that much potential hidden in ourselves. The most ‘Good for maybe something’ among us turned out the most talented person we ever know. Some are singing, dancing others are writing, doing photography, painting what not! Why don’t you try something? Religion exercise It is also high time to exercise one’s religious views. Get to know about the creator and say prayer timely is also a good thing this quarantine gave me. There are a lot remain to be known. Okay. I have discussed the bright side of lockdown as far I could. Actually, it is a very stressful condition for all. Those who have Corona positive patients in the house, their sufferings need no saying. But it is also correct that we can’t pass all the time being feared. We need to continue our regular routine and take proper care of our mental health.
49 # 01
Emerging Against The Odds Nadia Nasreen Nadi Green Life Medical College
The headlines read, ‘Wife weeps helplessly at her husband’s death bed, says ICU beds fully occupied.’ With COVID 19 snatching an alarming number of lives and infecting over 8 million people worldwide, the pandemic is continuously modifying the face of normalcy in unprecedented ways. With vacant theaters, closed shopping malls, empty restaurants, and soulless stadiums, we are heading towards an indomitable new world. The short-term implications of this global challenge are evident everywhere, but the long-term consequences of the pandemic as to how it will reshape health and development institutions, occupations, and priorities, however, are still difficult to imagine. Bangladesh’s deplorable circumstances arise from sheer ignorance of the populace in following urgent social distancing protocols and prominent lack of coordination, disorganized proposals, and discrepancies in decision making from the government. The outbreak has shed light on our shattered healthcare system. According to WHO, Bangladesh’s doctor-to-patient ratio is 5.26 per 10,000 people, the second-lowest in South Asi Asia. The situation is getting worse with Covid-19: more frontline workers are now testing positive. 25% of doctors and 60% of support staff are yet to receive PPE, with reports of substandard PPEs flooding the market, according to a survey by BRAC’s James P. Grant School of Public Health. The crisis may result in effective public health response by improving the infrastructure and expanding coverage in addition to plugging the loopholes in the system. Telemedicine is a prospect citizens may be using more. The forthcoming economic derailment will be reflected in gloomier stock market trends, declining remittance flow, and staggering unemployment numbers. The rural economy, aviation, as well as the tourism and hospitality industry, are subjected to suffer. The most vulnerable groups for the pandemic are the daily wage laborers and people working in the informal sectors. The poverty rate in Bangladesh may rise to 40.9 percent if Covid-19 causes a 25 percent fall in family incomes, according to the SANEM estimate. Consequently, the successes in alleviating poverty over the past two decades may fizzle out. The Government must work to allocate resources directed in these fields to keep the economy stable. We will probably see more investments in digital capacity and bandwidth for expanding digital platforms for education, a sector that has also been greatly affected by this crisis. On a global scale, the post-pandemic world is to be dominated by technological advances in artificial intelligence, big data collection for government surveillance, rise in robots, widespread internet, depletion in paper cash, the origination of revolutionary screening, and vaccination processes. Monitoring will become extensive as smartwatches will keep track of the vital signs. Mental health issues are to be a center-stage issue with people battling against PTSD, agoraphobia, and loneliness. Although the future remains dubious, perhaps the coronavirus is just the jolt world leaders need to strive to a higher set of goals in a post-pandemic world.
50 # 01
Post Pandemic Famine in our Country Farhanul Faruq Mrimmoy Bangladesh Medical College 1974 Today was no different for Kamal mia, he is a Rickshaw puller in Dhaka city, he carries passengers to their destination and most of the time offered a minimum fare that too after much haggling course he can't reason with his fare so he looks at this vehicle's paddles and accepts it. It's almost evening and his rented Rickshaw's time is nearly up, he is still to make a stop at the bazaar. He goes there and waits for the ration truck funded by Government and FAO which daily makes it stop at this bazaar. They provide the essentials for the destitute in this dire times, Rice, Oil, Lentils and Potatoes, enough for a person for a day, but Kamal mia has 5 mouths to feed at his home. He struggles to get hold of a bag today but not everyone is lucky to be tall as he and many people turn away empty-handed, although he knows they would go to the back of the bazaar to salvage any edible things they could find because they too have mouths to feed. Kamal mia returns to the rickshaw workshop and hands out the rent of the rickshaw only savouring enough money to comfortably provide the rent of his slum house, he is glad and happy for he gets to feed his family tonight. His youngest son often wonders where all the food goes and why many of his friends don't have a single meal a day and Kamal mia always gives the same answer, " The virus has eaten all our food Jashim " and from the corner of the room an Elderly voice said, "Just like the '74 flood had eaten all your food Kamal". Kamal mia looks at his father and a shiver runs through his spine, he looks at Jamal and their eyes sink into one another, he sees his village but there are no signs of a flood but a famine caused by something he can't see or act against and something so minuscule could repeat history, he phases back to reality only to stare back at his son's eye, he pats him on his back and smiles towards tomorrow and hopes to get another bag from the aid that is coming from Red Crescent.
Famine report: https://www.cnbc.com/2020/04/22/coronavirus-biblical-famines-could-double-global-hungerun-warns.html
51 # 01
Sickle Cell Disease Isha Manandhar
Zainul Haque Sikder Women's Medical College What is Sickle Cell Disease? "Sickle Cell Disease is an autosomal recessive disorder. The person should inherit a sickle cell gene from both the parents to acquire, Sickle Cell Disease. If the person inherits only one sickle cell gene then he or she suffers from Sickle Cell Trait. We all know Haemoglobin is the oxygen carrier protein molecule in the red blood cell. It consists of two polypeptide chain. In adult haemoglobin (HbA), we have 2 alpha chain and 2 beta chain. In Sickle Cell Disease beta polypeptide chains are affected. The amino acids in the beta chain are substituted. The Glutamic acid is replaced by Valine in position 6. The abnormal haemoglobin is termed as HbS. The distortion of the deoxygenated HbS leads to sickle-shaped haemoglobin in the sickle cell disease. Sickle cell crisis The patient suffers from many painful vaso occlusive conditions along with tachycardia, fever and sweating. This can be relieved by aggressive rehydration, oxygen therapy, adequate analgesia and antibiotics. Blood transfusion also plays an important role. Stroke is also very common. This can be prevented by transcranial doppler ultrasonography. And prevented by giving hydroxycarbamide and transfusion. Sickle chest syndrome is due to bone marrow infraction leading to fat embolism in the lungs. This might cause ventilatory failure Splenomegaly is due to sequestration crisis. Pregnancy and Sickle cell Disease: Women suffering from sickle cell disease should seek medical help before conception. She must rule out pulmonary hypertension and thromboembolic complications. During pregnancy, she must seek for multidisciplinary approach as there is a high risk of pregnancy morbidity. She must do the genetic screening of the baby to rule out sickle cell disease in the baby. Diagnosis Haemoglobin electrophoresis is a special type of screening to detect the abnormal haemoglobin HbS in blood. Is sickle cell disease curable? Allogenic stem cell transplant from HLA can cure sickle cell. The disease if managed under specialist can let the person have an average life expectancy. Approaches for sickle cell patient are: Folic acid supplementation Prevent acidosis, dehydration or hypoxic state Prevent infection with antibiotics Vaccination against influenza. These approaches have benefited patients and prevented sickle cell crisis and other complications. Patients are recommended hydroxyurea to prevent stroke and other complication
52 # 01
Hypertension in 2020 Md Ragib Shariar Sumit
Shaheed Suhrawardi Medical College Hypertension is the most common major public health problem due to its high prevalence all around the world. Around 7.5 million deaths or 12.8% of the total of all annual deaths worldwide occur due to high blood pressure. It is predicted to be increased to 1.56 billion adults with hypertension in 2025. Hypertension is defined as abnormally high arterial blood pressure. Hypertension (or HTN) or high blood pressure is defined as abnormally high arterial blood pressure. Hypertension is divided into two categories which are primary and secondary. Hypertension is known as ‘primary’ when the causes are generally unknown. It accounts for ninety per cent of cases of hypertension. The ‘secondary’ is classified when some other degree process or abnormality is involved in its causation. Its an iceberg disease. It became evident in the 1970s that only half of the hypertensive subjects in the general population of most developed countries were aware of the condition, only half of those aware of the problem was being treated and only half of those treated were considered adequately treated.
The risk factors are also divided into two groups; non-modifiable and modifiable. 1. Non-modifiable risk factors are: Age Sex Genetic Factors Ethnicity
2. Modifiable risk factors are : Obesity Salt Intake Saturated Fat Dietary Fibre Alcohol Physical Activity Environmental Stress Socio-Economic Status.
53 # 01
Cont.
Hypertension in 2020 Md Ragib Shariar Sumit
Shaheed Suhrawardi Medical College The WHO has recommended the following approaches in the prevention of hypertension: 1. PRIMARY PREVENTION: All measures to reduce the incidence of the disease in a population by reducing the risk of onset. 2.SECONDARYY PREVENTION: The goal of secondary prevention is to detect and control the affected individuals with high blood pressure .Modern antihypertensive drug therapy can reduce high blood pressure. In this current pandemic situation, it became a must for us to focus on the modifiable risk factors. We can not change our non-modifiable risk factors. Daily meditation, regular physical activity, less sugar consumption, quit smoking and quit drinking alcohol should be in our to-do list. People who are suffering from hypertension should check their blood pressure regularly and take drugs from registered doctors and try to keep a healthy life so on.
Reference: 1. http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd_report2010/en/ [Google Scholar] 2. Tabrizi J. S., Sadeghi-Bazargani H., Farahbakhsh M., Nikniaz L., Nikniaz Z. Prevalence and associated factors of prehypertension and hypertension inan Iranian population: the lifestyle promotion project (LPP) PLoS ONE. 2016;11(10) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165264.e0165264 [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 3. Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine
54 # 01
Covid-19 & its effect on Social Enterprises Fardin Abdullah
Every society has its own asymmetry and imperfections that give birth to unfair treatment of numerous of its members and the environment. In third world countries like Bangladesh, women, children, ethnic groups and the grassroot people are frequently discriminated both socially and economically, especially under the uncertain dawn of COVID-19. However, social enterprises come to their rescue by empowering them economically to maintain equity and ensure a sustainable future for them. The coronavirus pandemic hit the world like an earthquake and also shifted the economic landform of Bangladesh to demolition. It’s astonishing to think how a mere 120-nanometer virus can have such an adverse effect on an entire country! Life has stopped and so has many of the activities of the country’s flourishing economies: cotton, textiles, jute, garments, tourism, fisheries, informal sector etc. Even worse, in many remote areas, terms such as “quarantine” and “pandemic” are never even been heard. The groups targeted by social enterprises are awestruck as they have never experienced anything as such. Garment workers cannot report to work, farmers fail to achieve desirable yield and many informal sector workers such as rikshawpullers, electricians, street-food sellers are no longer able to earn their livelihood. Our social enterprises carry immense responsibilities to fix the derailed situation in the unfortunate event of COVID19. Starting from the most vital work of raising awareness, many enterprises also provide employment to women and the most vulnerable groups. For instance, “Amar Desh Amar Gram”, the organization I work with, targets the farmers in remote villages and takes computers and web access to the lowest income groups and empowers them. The project creates a virtual marketplace named as “Amar Desh eSHOP” that is crucial in the corona-affected country as it links farmers directly to the customers. Farmers can sell their products online and earn money through virtual cash services such as “bKash”. With Eid-Ul-Azha knocking on the door, many social enterprises, including Amar Desh Amar Gram, are collaborating with cattle farmers to aid them in selling their cattle online. Furthermore, various healthcare enterprises and NGOs are also shifting policies to produce and supply masks, sanitizers, sanitary napkins, food etc. to low income groups. JAAGO, a renowned NGO, for instance is donating oxygen concentrators to the affected people. The government is also providing financial assistance to help them in their noble endeavors. Change is a very unexpected and crucial segment in our lives as well as an entire economy. How strong an economy is, depends on its ability to respond to changes and consequent negative multiplier effects. With the perseverance and innovation of social enterprises, it can be possible to sail the society’s boat safely in presence of the wind of change.
Fardin Abdullah
Media and Communications Executive, Amar Desh Amar Gram
Email of the organization: Sadequa.hassan.sejuti@gmail.com URL: http://www.amardeshamargram.com/
55 # 01
Youth and National Emergencies Rabeya Basri
Engagement of young people in social activities through organizations or clubs is the best way to serve the community. And students along with young activists play the most significant roles in times of national and global challenges. But united we stand and divided we fall is the keynote of every success story. Young people are not indifferent to this. Organizations or clubs are one of the best platforms where young people can achieve their goals of serving others in unity. All they need is a well-developed organization to carry out their objectives. This article focuses on how organizations or clubs are serving the community on various aspects in this time of global crisis. One such club is the Rotaract Club of East West University (RACEWU). Rotaract is a Rotary-sponsored service club for young men and women of a fixed age (18 to 30 years). Rotaract clubs are either community or university-based. It follows the principles of Rotary International. Rotaract clubs serve the purpose of exchanging ideas with leaders in the community, developing leadership and professional skills, and having fun through service. Rotaract Club is sponsored by Rotary club of Dhaka North. This makes them true "Partners in Service" and key members of the family of Rotary. The Rotaract Club of East West University (RACEWU) is a university-based club. RACEWU mainly focuses on the service-based activities for university students and communities. There are several programs and events of the club which clearly reflect this motto. These are some of the programs that RACEWU arranges on a regular basis: • Blood Donation Camp • Winter Smile Fair • Heart • Socio Leadership Challenge • Self Defense Workshop (For Girls) • Deal With Nerves • Breast Cancer Awareness (Female Only) • Amader Pathshala
56 # 01
Youth and National Emergencies
Cont.
Rabeya Basri
Rotaract Club of East West University is one of the well-known clubs of East West University which is serving its purpose significantly from 2004 till today. This club is considered as an active platform for university students to develop their skills through serving others. A pandemic situation brings so many challenges and creates an emergency. People cannot afford to live a normal lifestyle. Being in such a situation, it is quite tough for everyone to carry on their services. Such as, organizations can not be able to arrange programs like the way they do it usually. They have to do it virtually now. Rotaract Club is also facing difficulties to serve their purposes through online platforms. Apart from having challenges, RACEWU is successfully organizing different online events to reduce the effects of Covid-19 on various sectors. To minimize the negative impacts of Covid-19 on educational sector, RACEWU is arranging seminars and workshops on different topics through online platforms. These workshops, seminars, and training programs are designed in such an effective way so that it might be helpful to the mass people. Along with the educational sector, Covid-19 has badly affected the future of youth employment. Experts are assuming a disaster in the job market after the pandemic. In that case, the best solution is to develop professional skills. RACEWU in partnership with Smartifier Academy has offered a program to learn some soft skills while staying at home. In lockdown, not only our human lives have been affected but also our environment and agricultural production have been affected. As we are staying at home, we have limited stock of products. Recycling and reusing of potential items can be a best solution to this problem. And tree plantation is always the most needed care that we can do for our environment. RACEWU is focusing on this particular issue by coming up with a program named 'BREATH: For A Better World'. So that, we can learn new ideas to recycle and reuse the potential items along with tree plantation on rooftops to ensure better agricultural production and a safer environment. A sound health both physically and mentally is the most precious thing for a human life. Covid-19 has reflected a negative impact on that. To ensure a healthy life in lockdown, one needs expert opinions while staying at home. Rotaract Club of East West University recently has organized a Facebook live session named â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Quarantine Aid' for the mass people of our community in the global pandemic situation of Covid-19. The event was basically about how we can take care of ourselves better in this quarantine time.
57 # 01
Youth and National Emergencies
Cont.
Rabeya Basri
Different types of specialists like medicine specialist, nutritionist, dentist, gynaecologist along with a Covid fighter who recovered from Covid-19 were the speakers of the week-long session. Throughout the session, RACEWU not only focused on physical health issues but also tried to lighten up human mental health issues. Rotaract Club has focused specially on maternal health. There was a separate session for a Gynaecologist. Besides this, in every emergency situation, the Rotaract Club of East West University is always there for arranging blood and plasma donors. Covid-19 has impact on social media platforms too. Sometimes the impact is positive and sometimes it is a negative one. Occasionally, these platforms have been using for spreading false news. On the contrary, these are the most useful ones for promoting positive stuff too. If clubs or organizations want to arrange a program on a digital platform during this trying time, one of the options for promotion is social media. Rotaract Club is doing it in such a wellplanned way. They are launching all their events from their Facebook page and connecting with others through it. Social distancing or isolation is something very new to our society. Being locked up at home all the time is quite difficult too. To utilize social isolation in a best way, RACEWU arranges meetings with their members on a regular basis. The key to success in todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s world is to be guided by young leaders. They are bringing new ideas to respond to national emergencies. And clubs or organizations are mostly reflecting young peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s perspectives and creativities through their social services. Development of inner self while serving others is the key theme of the Rotaract Club of East West University. Though being in this hard times, they are carrying out their theme successfully. The young people of RACEWU are setting examples of serving the community in this pandemic time.
References: https://www.facebook.com/1613863388934073/posts/2615285735458495/ https://facebook.com/events/s/quarantine-aid/3066009670150206/?ti=cl https://www.facebook.com/rotaractsofewu/
Rabeya Basri
Editor, Rotaract Club of East West University
Email: ewu.rotaract@gmail.com Url: https://www.facebook.com/rotaractsofewu/
58 # 01
Contribution of IBA JU Business Club during the COVID-19 pandemic Sultana Aakhi Noor & Nazmus Saif
IBA-JU Business Club is working relentlessly to prepare the students for the challenges and needs of the competitive corporate world. This essential venture is achieved through building skills among the students, bridging the knowledge gap and building networks with companies. A group of students, faculties and alumni make this club a perfect place to learn and encounter the corporate world. The activities of IBA-JU Business Club haven’t been hindered even during this trying time and instead successfully reached new heights. From arranging webinars to fundraisings in this quarantine, this club has accomplished its goal of grooming students for the corporate world. Our members are groomed through weekly sessions, organising events in collaboration with renowned organisations and many more. The learning starts from the recruitment process where they are tested through case solving, focus group discussion and interviews. These practices help the club to recognise the requirements of the members and work accordingly. Besides that, this club is cultivating a network of skilled industry veterans for its members. We collaborated with Smartifier Academy in their Young Professional Smartification training sessions which taught corporate readiness to students. Along with that, we have created affiliations with different clubs from universities for diversified knowledge and experience.
We strongly felt the responsibility towards the community we operated in and were eager to give back to it. It became possible through a fundraising campaign with active participation of the club along with motivating other clubs to participate as well. The proceedings from the campaign were forwarded to “Bidyananda Foundation” to support their humanitarian work in this trying time. To help its members and followers in the new normal, IBA-JU Business Club shared quarantine productivity hacks and guidelines. Cracking cases is a testament to a business graduate’s analytical skills. This is an effective practice for anyone determined to enter the corporate world. This is why Crack the Case Vol. 3 workshop was organised by IBA-JU Business Club to build skills among the students and help them diversify their thinking capability. This workshop was conducted by a team with national and international recognition, Crime Master Gogo. This workshop had more than 200 registrations and participants, where the speakers shared their experience and insights about business competitions.
59 # 01
Contribution of IBA JU Business Club during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cont.
Sultana Aakhi Noor & Nazmus Saif
IBA-JU Business Club organised â&#x20AC;&#x153;Transcendâ&#x20AC;?, 4-part interactive webinar program about the impacts of COVID-19 on various sectors of the business for the benefit of young professionals and current students. Except for the third episode of Transcend, which was launched in collaboration with Unilever, the series was open for all. The focus of Transcend was to communicate the new normal of industries in a post-pandemic world and how that would affect fresh or budding graduates. With that goal in mind, experts gave their opinion on different functions of the business as well as industry-specific insights which graduates could look out for. To get a better understanding of the present and future situation of the market, industry veterans such as the business director of ACI Limited, executive vice president of IFIC Bank Limited, human capital consultant from Deloitte Canada were invited as guests. The three episodes reached approximately seventy thousand audiences from various universities. The entire event was viewed by almost twenty-five thousand individuals who tuned in to learn more about what awaits us once we adapt to the new normal. With its diverse initiatives and amazing club members, IBA-JU Business Club continues to build the skills of students and prepare them for the next phase of their careers with the guidance of industry veterans and mentors. We have adapted to the quarantine by focusing on us, our community and our members with the hope that this will ease our transition to the new normal.
Sultana Aakhi Noor Executive Manager, IBA JU Business Club
Email : ibaju.businessclub@gmail.com Institute of Business Administration, Jahangirnagar University
Nazmus Saif
Executive Manager, IBA JU Business Club
Email : ibaju.businessclub@gmail.com Institute of Business Administration, Jahangirnagar University
60 # 01
Good Parenting During Quarantine Mahzabin Rashid Fariha
COVID-19 has taken away from us our daily work, home and school routines. From embracing the new normal of social distancing and wearing masks to schools and work shifting online, it has changed the life of every person. The uncertainty the corona virus brings and being home quarantined has impacted the physical and mental well-being of parents and their children around the globe. In these unprecedented times, parents may want to slightly alter their ways with children to adapt better. Here are a few guidelines to help parenting kids in the daily schedule of quarantine due to COVID-19. Making children aware of current situations Covid-19 has been making headlines in the news for the past few months and perhaps will continue to do so for many more months. In current times, it may be the natural instinct of parents to want to protect their children. But, it's important to be honest and communicate with them. Explaining the current situation, what COVID-19 is, why it's important to stay home and why safety precautions should be followed is a great step to take. Moreover, they should be made aware so that if any family member is required to go into isolation or gets hospitalized, they know what's going on and have a strong mentality. Always remember to let children know that you will be there for them. Keeping children safe online and limiting screen time With school lessons and communicating with friends shifting online, children are now spending a lot more time on the internet. More screen time means that children are more susceptible to be exposed to adult content and cyberbullying. It's therefore crucial to carefully monitor what your child is doing online without them feeling like you're invading their privacy. Some steps to take are setting up parental controls, turning on SafeSearch on browsers and setting up strict privacy settings on online apps. Setting a limit to the time spent online every day can reduce screen time. Moreover, it's a good idea to print homework from schools to reduce the added eye stress. Children should be told that if they experience something online that makes them feel upset, uncomfortable, or scared, they can talk to you and you will not get mad or punish them. Be alert to signs of distress and notice if your child is being withdrawn, upset, secretive, or obsessed with online activities. Every child is unique and may use different ways to communicate. As their parents, take time to adjust to your child's needs. Creating trustworthy relationships and open communication through positive support and encouragement is key. Family time and healthy habits Parents should be actively involved in children's daily lives. This means spending at least some quality time every day with children. Ask how their day has been, help them with school work or play fun educational games together. Doing activities together as a family like watching a movie together, having meals together, telling children stories from your childhood and asking children to tell you a story also counts.
61 # 01
Cont.
Good Parenting During Quarantine Mahzabin Rashid Fariha
Getting a good sleep at night and eating healthy food is also very important. Encourage children to engage in various exercises while avoiding contact with people who do not live already in your immediate space. They can be involved in daily physical activities like fun exercises, jumping jacks and other jumping activities, yoga, etc. Including exercise in each day is a good idea â&#x20AC;&#x201C; this helps with kids who have a lot of pent up energy! Be patient and try to be a role model All children misbehave. It is normal when children are tired, hungry, afraid, or learning independence. Shouting at your child will make you and them more stressed and angry. Positive language, active listening and empathy help maintain a peaceful and happy family environment during these stressful times. Get children's attention by using their name and speak in a calm voice. Listen to them when they are talking with you and show them that you hear what they are saying. Try to be level-headed while talking to children. If you're feeling stressed or angry, give yourself a 10-second pause. Breathe in and out slowly five times. Then try to respond in a calmer way. If that doesn't work, go somewhere else to regain control of your emotions. If you have a safe outdoor space, go outside. Practicing social distancing and hygiene yourself, and treating others with compassion, especially those who are sick or vulnerable will make your children and teenagers learn from you and develop these habits. Remember to praise your child when they are behaving well! Take care of yourself! This is a stressful time. Take care of yourself so that you can support your children. We all need to connect. Communicate and talk to friends, family, and other support networks frequently. When your children are asleep, do something fun or relaxing for yourself. Everyone needs a break sometimes. Household chores, childcare, and other tasks can be shared equally among family members. Looking after children and other family members can be difficult, but it's much easier when responsibilities are shared. Citations: https://www.unicef.org/coronavirus/covid-19-parenting-tips
Mahzabin Rashid Fariha
Iccheghuri
62 # 01
অেপ া
Nusrat Risha Niti & Muhammad Abrar
কােনা িজিনস যখন অতীব ি য় হেয় উেঠ তখন নািক এ েলার রঙ পাে যায়! যমন ধেরন, আকােশর রঙ টা মঘা িবষাদ কােলা থাকেলও এ আকাশটাই যিদ আপনার ি য় হয় খুব,তাহেল এই িবষাদ কােলা হেয় যায় তখন আপনার পছে র চকচেক গাঢ় নীল। এই কােলা আকােশ তঁ ািকেয় তঁ ািকেয় তখন আপিন দখেত থাকেবন অন রেঙর খলা। কত মধুর ক না য নড়াচড়া করেব তখন আপনােক ! তমিন কের পূণ চঁ াদ আমার ভীষণ ি য়। এর খুিশ থেক তখন জগেতর হাজার,ল , কা দুি াও আমায় আটকােত পােরনা। আিম এই িবশাল চমৎকার চঁ ােদর আেলােতই মহাখুিশ। অিফেসর ইয়া বড় বড় ফাইেল নানান ধরেনর কাজ, বতন পেয় নতন সংসাের আর িক িক কনা যায় তার ম বড় িল , শখার খাতায় নতন যু করার বল ই া, সব িকছই যন এই চঁ াদ দখার কােজর কােছ হের যায়। এক কাপ গরম চা হােত বারা া িকনবা ছঁ ােদ বেস যাওয়া টাই তখনকার সবেচেয় পূণ কাজ আমার। এসময় যাই করেত থািক তােতই ফু িচে ছটেত থািক। িক সুিনপুণ সৃ িবধাতার! বেস বেস তাই ভািব।জগেত কত িনখুঁত িবন াস তার। কত সুদশেনর ছড়াছিড়! অথচ এ কেয়কিদেন পাে গেছ সব। কত িকছ মাড় ঘুিরেয়েছ। এখন কাজ না থাকেলও চঁ াদ দখেত যাই না। চা হােত ছঁ না। কাজ ফেল আন কুেড়ােত পািরনা। এ মন খারােপর সাইে ান িকছেতই থামােত পািরনা আিম। মানিসক শাি ব িতত জীবেনর সুখ বাধহয় কােনা দুলভ ব তও আেস না। সুলেভর অভাব তা এ জগেত নই একদমই। কােনা এক দুেযাগও য এত বল মতা রােখ সব ন কের দবার সটা এই কেরানা কাল ব িতত বােঝ উঠা স ব হেতা না হয়েতা। এই দুঃসময় মানিসক াে র ব াপক অধঃপতন ঘটাে । ছাট থেক হাে েল বেড় উঠায় পিরবার িছেলা আমার কােছ মহা আনে র আ য় ল। দুঃখ আর সুেখর ব াখ া টা িছেলা এরকম, ছ েত বাসায় ফরাটার নাম সুখ আর ছ শেষ হাে েল িফের যাওয়টা িছেলা দুঃখ। হাে ল ফরত হেয় আসার পেরও পিরবার আমার সবেচেয় ি য় ভােলাবাসার জায়গাটাই দখল কের িছেলা। আজ ায় চার মাস যাবত বাসায় বেস বুঝেত পারিছ পিরবার আমার সবেচেয় বদনাদায়ক ােন িববিতত হেয় যাে । এেতা হতাশায় য পিরবারই হয়েতা সবেচেয় পূণ অনুে রণা হেত পারেতা স পিরবারই িকনা এখন আেরা অিধক হতাশায় ছঁ েড় ফেল িদে আমায়। ছােটা ছােটা ব াপাের আমার রেগ যাওয়া, বাবার রেগ যাওয়া, মােয়র রেগ যাওয়া,ভাইেদর রেগ যাওয়া এ েলা যন সকেলর িনত িদেনর সবেচেয় পিরিচত আচরণ। এেযন দুেযাগ আটকােত িগেয় নতন দুেযােগ েবশ!
63 # 01
Cont.
অেপ া
Nusrat Risha Niti & Muhammad Abrar এক িম িবেকেল বই হােত বেস আিছ। িন ােস িন ােস ভােলালাগাটকু াণভের উপেভাগ করেত পারিছ। আচমকাই িচৎকার, চচােমিচ, হ েগােল পুেরা পৃিথবী কঁাপেছ। শাি র ঝাপসা চােখ তখন কান পেত িন মা-বাবার সচরাচেরর মেতা কেরই এবােরা ঠু নেকা িবষয় িনেয় আবার লেগ িগেয়েছ ঝােমলা। মহা সুেখর জগত থেক টপ কের যন এক অি িশখায় ধািবত হলাম। দাউদাউ কের লিছ তােদর কথা কাটাকা র আ েন। এক জন আেরকজন ক কেরই চেলেছ দাষােরাপ, মােঝমেধ আবার আমােকও ডেক ডেক িবচারেকর ােন বসােত চাে । ি য় মা-বাবার এ দুবল িচ ার বিহঃ কাশ মেন নওয়া যায়না তখন। বাঝােনা যায় না আমার তখন িক অশাি পার করেত হয়। একজন স ােনর কােছ জগেতর সবেচেয় ক নতম সময় হেতা এ ই। মেন পের আজ থেক কত িকছ কের ফলার িত া িছেলা আমার৷ িক সই বরাবেরর মেতা এবােরা ার কােলই ংস হেয় গেলা আমার িত া। করেত ইে হয় তখন এ জগতেক। ধুই িক আমার? নািক এমন ংস েপর পাহােড়র গঁ া ঘঁেষই বািহত হে এ জগেতর চাকা? জগেতর বাঝা লােগ না এ িবষাদ য ণা? জগত এ বাঝা ভেল এিগেয় যাে িকেসর অনুে রণায়? জগেতর মেতা আিমও িক এ কািলমা কাটােত পারেবা? তেব পািরবািরক শাি ব ািতত আিম পারেবা িকভােব? পিরবার সকেলর জেন ই সব িকছর উে । তেব এখন বুেঝ গিছ পািরবািরক অভ রীণ িবে ষ যেকেনা মানুষেকই দিমেয় দবার অসীম মতা রােখ। এ কেরানা দুেযােগর িবশাল সমেয় য এেতা ঘের থাকা, এেতা ধযহীনতা, এেতা হাহাকার! ায়শই ভািব, আমার মা-বাবার মেতা কের এ জগেতর আেরা হাজার হাজার ামী- ীরা িতিনয়ত না জািন কত অস ব য নায় ছটফট কের বঁেচ আেছন। এ য ণার খর তাপ অিত ম কের বঁেচ থাকার াদ ব ই ককশ। আমরা ভােলা নই, তারা ভােলা নই, হয়েতা জগতও ভােলা নই। তেব আবতমান এ খারাপ থাকা থেক ছেট আসার সমাধান িক হেত পাের? কেরানা মুি শেষ ছ , জীবন িনেয় আবার িকছটা ব তা, সময় ছাট হেয় আসা,সড়েক ল া ািফক, ফুটপােত তরতর কের ছেট যাওয়া আসেলই আটকােত পারেব এ একা ব ি গত পািরবািরক কলহ? হয়েতা তাই। হয়েতা তা নয়! হতাশা শেষ আবােরা খািনকটা অেপ া...
Nusrat Risha Niti
Project Debi
Muhammad Abrar Project Debi
64 # 01
The Impact of Social Media on COVID-19 Mabrur Abrazul Haque
For todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s youth, life without social media is truly inconceivable. Most of us can only try to fathom how the generations before us managed to live without something so essential to our everyday lives. While the internet has evolved and grown since its discovery, it has perhaps seen its greatest exponential growth in the last four months. The coronavirus outbreak has not only affected the amount of time we spend on social media, but also the way we use it. Humans are a social species that depends on cooperation to survive. Stuck at home, distanced from the outside world, we have turned to social media to temporarily overtake face-to-face interactions as our prime means of communication. The number of social media users in Bangladesh has risen by a staggering 47.3% from March to June across four applications (Facebook, Instagram, Messenger, and LinkedIn). This abrupt increase in popularity of social media has had a wide range of effects-both boon and bane. Amongst the many plagues and wars in history, social media has made this one different. People have not been cut off from each other. Instead, what we see, when we log into our various applications online is unity, optimism, hope, and opportunity to help. Numerous organisations run by students and professionals have been able to reach out to the underprivileged communities and support the people who were hit the hardest by the pandemic. These organisations were able to take advantage of the high rate of information sharing on social media to collect vast amounts of donations. Ekhoni, a student-run organisation based in Dhaka, was founded in March. In just three months, Ekhoni collected funds, through their social media platforms, to help nearly 1500 overlooked people in society, including rickshaw pullers, the transgender community, and victims of the Amphan Cyclone. The World Health Organisation has also reported that with growing uncertainty, more people are also showing signs of deteriorating mental health compared to historic norms. The comfort of having people just one click away, during this crucial period has helped to mitigate the issue. Social Media has also made it possible to perform many of our regular daily activities from home. Applications such as zoom and google meet have allowed people to attend online classes, work from home, and businesses to continue to run, saving the already declining economy from further harm.
65 # 01
Cont.
The Impact of Social Media on COVID-19 Mabrur Abrazul Haque
However, with growth in popularity, disbenefits of the internet have also become more evident. Increased screentime, online predation, data security, as well as the spread of false information (known as the infodemic) has brought concerns to many. The Director-General of the WHO stated, “We’re not just fighting an epidemic; we’re fighting an infodemic” and suggested that fake news “spreads faster and more easily than the virus”. Nevertheless, social media has changed the way we live today for the better, as our dependency on it increases. Saving time and energy in our work, it may have impacts in our lives that many believe will last well after the pandemic is over.
References: Online predators put millions of children at risk during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown | | UN News. (2020, April 14). Retrieved July 25, 2020, from https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/04/1061742 Social Media users in Bangladesh - March 2020. (n.d.). Retrieved July 25, 2020, from https://napoleoncat.com/stats/social-media-users-in-bangladesh/2020/03 UN tackles 'infodemic' of misinformation and cybercrime in COVID-19 crisis. (2020, March 31). Retrieved July 25, 2020, from https://www.un.org/en/un-coronavirus-communications-team/un-tackling%E2%80%98infodemic%E2%80%99-misinformation-and-cybercrime-covid-19
Mabrur Abrazul Haque
Head of Communications and Outreach Ekhoni
Organization Email: ekhoni.org@gmail.com Website: www.ekhoni.carrd.com Social Media: https://www.facebook.com/Ekhoni-107782227533691 https://www.instagram.com/ekhoni_/
66 # 01
Meet Our Local Committees
'
FAHTIHA NASREEN President
TAHIYA TABASSUM
Vice President for Internal Affairs
Thank You Bangladesh Medical College (BMC) Mymensingh Medical College (MMC) Sylhet M.A.G. Osmani Medical College (SOMC) Medical College For Women and Hospital (MCWH)
Standing Committee on Public Health (SCOPH)
Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital
Standing Committee on Sexual & Reproductive Health
(ShSMC) Park View Medical College (PVMC)
and Rights including HIV&AIDS (SCORA) Standing Committee on Human Rights & Peace (SCORP)
sheikh hasina medical college jamalpur (SHMCJ)
Standing Committee on Research Exchange (SCORE)
Satkhita Medical College (SMC)
Standing Committee on Medical Education (SCOME)
Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmad Medical College (STAMC) Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College (HFRCMC) Sheikh Sayera Khatun Medical College (SSKMC) Southern Medical College (SMCH) Zainul Haque Sikder Women's Medical College
Standing Committee on Professional Exchange (SCOPE) Training Support Division (TSD) Public Relations and Communication (PR) Social Media Maintenance (SM) Member Coordinators (MC)
(ZHSWMC) Dhaka Medical College (DMC) Shahid Syed Nazrul Islam Medical College (SSNIMCK)
And all the participants, members & well wishers of BMSS
CONTACT Bangladesh Medical Students' Society bmssbangladesh@ifmsa.org https://www.facebook.com/bmssBD https://www.instagram.com/bmss_bangladesh/ email: bmss-bangladesh@ifmsa.org