Bangla sanglap

London Friday > 15 November 2019 Year 10 > Issue 10/1 > Page 28

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London 01 March 2013

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ï‡f”Qv Rvwb‡q‡Qb... www.londonpressclub.co.uk | E-mail: info@londonpressclub.co.uk

My heartfelt congratulations to the entire team behind Bangla Sanglap for reaching its ninth anniversary. A diverse and healthy news ecosystem is vital to ensuring public confidence in politicians and industry leaders.

With more traditional forms of news media coming under pressure from the likes of Facebook, it is heartening to see outfits like Bangla Sanglap continuing to thrive. Long may this continue!

Congratulations again and may you continue to go from strength to strength.

Rt Hon Mark Field Minister (Former) Foreign and Commonwealth

It is my great honour to support and congratulate Bangla Sanglap on their 9th anniversary. This is a fantastic achievement and I hope Bangla Sanglap continues to grow and provide important news to the Bengali community in our country.

Stephen Hammond MP

Minister of State (Former) (Department of Health and Social Care)

I would like to congratulate Bangla Sanglap on their 9th year anniversary on 12 November.

This will be celebrated with a special bulletin published on 8 November. Bangla Sanglap is a weekly bilingual newspaper producing content in both English and Bengali. Their articles cover current affairs, community issues, events and much more.

I am grateful for the way their work serves the Bangladeshi community in Poplar and Limehouse, and across the UK. I wish Bangla Sanglap every success in the future with their work.

Jim fitzpatrick MP Poplar and Limehouse

I am very happy to offer you on behalf of the London Press Club congratulations on your celebration of nine years of publication of the Weekly Bangla Sanglap Newspaper. As journalists, we are always delighted to see any publication that is launched successfully, and it is a credit to the team for publication to continue into its ninth year. Your team should be proud of this achievement.

Yours sincerely Doug Wills Chairman London Press Club

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London 15 Nov 2019

Editor-Md. Moshahid Ali Chief Adviser : K M Abu Taher Chowdhury Publisher- Ansar Miah Executive Editor- Jakir Hussain Web Designer: Md Mabrur Ahmed Advertising manager: Anita Aryal Sub Editor : Abdur Rahim Special Correspondent: Dr Anisur Rahman Anis Bangladesh Correspondent- Khaled Ahmed Dhaka Office: Najmin Ara

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London 15 Nov 2019

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Rvjvjcyi I‡qj‡dqvi G‡mvwm‡qkb BD‡Ki bZzb KwgwUi Awf‡lK

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Wanted to teach Year 1 to GCSE Expert and 15 years experience in teaching.

Extra Care will be taken for inattentive students.

Please contact

Sadath Al Mamun

GCSE Maths A Grade LLB(HON)LLM ( First class first ) wm‡j‡Ui `wÿY myigv Dc‡Rjvi Rvjvjcyi I‡qj‡dqvi G‡mvwm‡qkb BD‡Ki bZzb KwgwUi Awf‡lK Abyôvb m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q| MZ 5 b‡f¤^i g½jevi c~e© jÛ‡bi GKwU n‡j Av‡qvwRZ mfvq be MwVZ KwgwUi mKj m`m¨‡`i Awfb›`b Rvbv‡bv nq| Gmgq †ek wKQz wm×všÍ M„wnZ nq| Gi g‡a¨ GjvKvi †ek K‡qKwU wkÿv cÖwZôv‡b 11jvL

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phone: 07817922277

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London 15 Nov 2019

Mahbub & Co is pleased to announce that for the convenience of parking, ease of access and to improve customer service, we relocated our office to a larger ground floor premises.

Dedicated Professional Team for all your Accounting needs.

Mahbub & Co Accountants

Old Address 112-116 Whitechapel Road London E1 1JE

New Address 58 Nelson Street London E1 2DE

We Speak

58 Nelson Street, London, E1 2DE Phone: 020 7790 8706 Fax: 020 7791 0648 Mobile: 07956919063, 07944621399 Website: www.mahbubandco.com Email: info@mahbubandco.com

=English =Bengali =Sylheti =Hindi =Urdu

& =Bulgarian

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14

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London 15 Nov 2019

Greater Sylhet Development and Welfare Council (GSC) in UK South East Region

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Membership Renewal & New Membership Until On Saturday

30

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Time: 5pm–7pm

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Place: GSC Head Office 135 Commercial Street London E1 6BJ

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07908 183627

07932 633695

07799130097

07958 386618

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15

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We offer a unique tailor made service to landlords allowing you to fix your income and costs, whilst giving you the reassurance that the property is being looked after by experienced professionals.

LETTINGS Management

Sell your property (Sole and multiple agencies) for a fix FEE OF £ 500 Rent collection service/Let only service from £100 per month.

GURANTEED RENT

Guranteed fixed monthly rent ( no late or miss payment)

SALES

LANDLORDS,WE CAN PAY UP TO SIX MONTH RENT IN ADVANCE !

London 15 Nov 2019

BRADY

& CO.

Estate Management

76 Brady Street London E1 5DW

We offer free maintenance,free check in and out reports, as well as free arrangement of EPC,gas & electricity certificate.

Whatever you require for your property,please contact us for a free no obligation valuation.

Brady & Co referral scheme: Simply refer a landlord to brady & co ,and you will receive £200 (T&C). for further details, contact us via telephone,text or email.

Sales Lettings Rent Guranteed Property Repair Mortgage Welfare & General Advice Open 10am to 6.pm Mon to Friday.

Info@bradyandco.co.uk bradyandcouk@gmail.com

M. Mukeith (Nanu)

Tel : 020 73778975 Mob: 07950262454 07985467184 On same Road as Whitechapel Sainsbury/Swanlea School.

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www.banglasanglap.co.uk

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weevMx ‡ngšÍ GK civev¯—e Mvu‡q weaev ‡iv‡` ‡cvov, mvZcyi“‡li fv½v `vjv‡bi Avov‡j, ‡ng‡iv‡`-b`x `ytL ‡X‡j ‡`q ebkvwj‡Ki Wvbvq| ‡kIjvcov jvj BU wSuwSui K‡É Zy‡j ‡`q hvwcZ Rxe‡bi wei‡ni myi! ‡ngš— mKv‡j wkwk‡ii ‡fRv kixi| wewb`« Abyiv‡M K¬vš— A‡kvK dyj ‡ngv Zy‡j ‡bq Zš^x ‡hŠe‡bi AvuP‡j! ‡fv‡ii big Av‡jv-njy` cvwLi ‡VvuU ‡Mvjvwc Revi `wjZ cvcwo ‰g_y‡b gË WvKvwZqv gvKo! ‡ng‡š—i MÜ wb‡q ‡d‡i ‰eivMx mܨvi Av‡jv Avuav‡i `vuZvj Bu`y‡ii `j| ‡ngvi ga¨ eqmx jjv‡Ui m~² fvu‡R ‡R‡M I‡V De©kx b`xi Pi ‡XD‡qi evu‡K bxj Kg‡j ‰ngš—x fv‡m Kyqvkv weQv‡bv c‡_| ga¨ iv‡Zi Avuav‡i Kvu‡` Zvui bMœ-wbR©b myeY© kixi Kv‡ji weniv ‡ngš— weevMx nq ‰ng‡š—i Kv‡j!

09-11-2019

De©kx mܨv a~mi we‡Kj ‡iv` wQjbv-Pcj PoyBi Wvbvi MÜ wQj ïay GKdvwj D`vmx nvIqv Av‡jvi weQv‡bv Qvqv ‡Mva~wji wb‡Pvj cvnvox ea~i ‡Lvcvq ¸u‡R dyj wbi¤^y ‰mK‡Z `~‡i H wbgMœ ebwkix‡li Avovj bvMej­wii g‡Zv ‡Kvgi ‡`vjvq ea~ ‡Vvu‡U Aby³ wkniY! R‡ji ‡m«v‡Z cvZvi ‡bŠKv Iody‡ji wK‡kvix cvcwo AvjZv a~‡ci kixi Zvi- Avw`i‡mi KyÄ `y'‡dvuUv ¯^cœ S‡i k«vš— mܨvi wbM~p wbKv‡bv ‡`‡n Ni‡div cvwLi Wvbvi k‡ã LyuwR Avgvi weMZ ‡c«‡gi c`¨ g‡b ‡i‡Lv ‡mvu‡`jv gvwUi MÜ cvnvwo Qovi fvmvb cvwbi ‡XD AvwgI Zvi ‡Lvcvq ¸u‡RwQjvg ‡muIwZ De©kx mܨv, cÙwe‡ji jvj WvûK mv¶x wQj ‡mw`b !

1-11-2019

AvZ¥vûwZ Avwg Ck¦‡ii ‡fZi Ck¦i LyuwR Ck¦i wK Zv Rv‡b? gvby‡li wf‡o Ck¦i nvu‡U Ck¦‡ii mv‡_ gvbyl!

Avwg ‡Kg‡b wPwb-‡K Ck¦i ‡K gvbyl ?

-Da©gyLx AwMœKy‡Ä-Ck¦i‡š^l‡Y cvwLi AvZ¥vûwZ! Rjaxi gvZvj ‡XD‡q-Ck¦‡ii AZyj iƒ‡c gy» wg_y‡bi AvZ¥vûwZ w¯’Zax w`wNi jvRyK Kgwjbx-Ck¦i `k©‡b R‡ji AvZ¥vûwZ!

Ck¦i ‡c«‡g gË b¶‡Îi g…wËKvq AvZ¥vûwZ gkv‡ji Av¸b Av‡jvq Ck¦iQvqvq cZ‡½i AvZ¥vûwZ! -gvj‡ei gvjZx gvj‡Kv‡li kxZj c«m«e‡Y wb‡R‡K nvivq Ck¦‡ii Lyu‡R c«v‰MwZnvwmK c«¯—‡ii wngkxZj ey‡K ‡Kvb GKKv‡j AvZ¥vûwZ w`‡qQ‡jv c«vMjf¨ ‡c«‡g e›`x GK‡Rvov wkwÄbx!

-bxjvPj ‡_‡K AnsKvix bxjv ‡`v`©Ê-`y`©g¨ bxjv¤^yi ey‡K Aj³ cv‡qi wPý Gu‡K,DÏvg- D”Q¡v‡m wgjvq Ck¦‡ii Lyu‡R, ‡`q AvZ¥vûwZ-bv cvIqvi AZ…ß bxj ‡e`bvq!

-AvwgI LyuwR wcucovI Lyu‡R Ck¦‡ii Kx iƒc Rbk~b¨ gw›`‡i k~‡b¨ Iov `xwcZ dvbyk ‡`wLqv dvbv nq KZ kZ cw¶-cZ½ AvZ¥vûwZ ‡`q weg~Z© iƒc ‡`‡L Zvui-AZyj Aiƒ‡c!

-AZtci AvwgI GKw`b Abš— g…Z¨yi g‡Zv Ck¦‡ii Lyu‡R AvZ¥vûwZ ‡`‡evB GB Abvh© g…wËKvi weg~Z© gnvKv‡ji Awbevh© AÜKvi-µw›`Z wee‡i!

-ZvuiB Lyu‡R w`em wKsev iRbx GZ GZ AvZ¥vûwZ gi‡Yi `nb R¡jv-Ck¦i Kx ey‡S ? mey‡Ri ‡fZi wekvj k~b¨I ‡R‡b ‡M‡Q Ck¦i g‡i bv- giYR¡vjvi Kx ‡h R¡vjv Ck¦i Zv ey‡S bv !

Ck¦‡ii we‡k¦-Ck¦i KL‡bvB g‡i bv!

ZeyI Avwg wek¦v‡m-wbk¦v‡m Ck¦i fv‡jvevwm!

21-10-2019

Rxeb-gvqvi mwÜ 'Rxeb'‡K ‡ewk c«k«q ‡K‡bv ‡`‡ev?

Ig ‡c‡j wW‡gi Kymy‡gi g‡Zv avi Kiv 'civ‡b'i Mnx‡b emwZ Zy‡j! hvevi mgq n‡j ‡Pv‡Li R‡jI Zv‡K a‡i ivLv hvq bv! gvqv ‡KejB gvqv! weRywji Pg‡K Avi bxj P›`‡bi myev‡m Avwg wb‡R‡K nvivB Aš—nxb Aš—`©v‡n-DËiKv‡ji wefvweZ k~b¨ wee‡i Qvqvi mv‡_ Av‡iK AbyK…Z `xNj Qvqvi weg~Z© gvqvi mwÜ w`e‡mi ïi“ ‡_‡K wej‡qi weKw¤úZ ¯úwa©Z hvÎv Rxeb‡Zv Avi gvÎv ey‡S bv!

Kv‡ji myiaŸwb wPiwccvmvi AÄwj nv‡Z gyw³ Lyu‡R 'Rxeb' gnvKv‡ji wbtmxg wbR©b wb¯ú›` bxj MnŸ‡i!

'Rxeb' ‡Kej gvqv-B Lyu‡R- gvqv-‡KejB gvqv! cvwLi g‡Zv Avmgv‡b Dovi gvqv `ywbi«x¶¨ Avmgvwbi k¨vgmylgvi Avov‡j k~‡b¨ fvmgvb KvRj ‡g‡Ni Qvqv Awbiæ× aej ‡Nvovi gvqv 'Rxeb' ‡m ‡Zv b¶‡Îi g‡Zv-gvwU‡Z AvQ‡o c‡o nvwi‡q hvIqvi gvqv! wb®ú«vY g…wËKvi ey‡K Awfgvbx P›`Kvwš—i gvqv! ‡fv‡ii bv ‡dvUv Av‡jvq ARvbv Abyiv‡M ‡kdvwji S‡i covi gvqv! bvixi DRi Di‡R wkïi Ky`iwZ gy‡Li gvqv Rxeb _v‡Kbv KL‡bv e›`x `y‡Á©q wZwgi Kvb‡b!

12-10-2019

London 15 Nov 2019

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20

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London 15 Nov 2019

jÛb ÷K G·‡P‡Ä evsjv UvKvi eÛ

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wbqwgZ evsjv msjvc co–b, KwgDwbwUi mv‡_ _vKzb weÁvcb w`b.

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21

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London 15 Nov 2019

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London 15 Nov 2019

General election latest: Theresa May's plan for cap on migrants ditched by Boris Johnson as Tories say priority is skilled staff target.”

He said overall immigration would fall, with skilled workers given preference under a points-based system and expert recommendations.

The commitment left wiggle room for a Conservative government to allow net immigration to range close to the most recent annual level, which was 258,000 in 2018, down from the record of 336,000 in the year ending June 2016. Edwin Morgan, director of policy at the Institute of Directors told the Evening Standard: “It’s good to see arbitrary targets being consigned to the scrapheap, which we’ve long called for.

Our new migration system must be based on economic realities.”

Boris Johnson consigned Theresa May’s 100,000 target for net immigration to history today and came

under pressure from business leaders to spell out how many skilled workers they would be able to bring

Hi I am Abdul Alim.I am a Bangladeshi national. I was born Sunam gonj Sylhet , Bangladesh.Now I lived in Newham council London . I come from very religious Muslim family. I had a very strict upbringing since my childhood. My family very conservative minded.

When I was only 16 I released I am a gay man. I never play with girls since my childhood.

I am an open gay a man sings 2016 in the UK. I have also demonstrated on the Pride March in London.

in.

Confirming that the migrant cap that dominated the past

It is a criminal offence in Bangladesh to be a gay person. We have no respect — no dignity. There are incidents of violence against homosexuals and even some of them were killed. People like us also have no freedom. We cannot marry. LGBT people are being harassed and bullied by thugs. All the time we have to fear for our lives.

After coming to the UK. I found people have freedom here. Nobody bothers if I am gay or straight. LGBT people can easily move around. I have seen so many GAY couples walking together holding hands even kissing in public. No one says anything to them. No one even cares to look at them. They are left to do whatever they want to do. There are no discrimination and LGBT people are holding important official posts also found out that there are many welfare and support organizations for LGBT people.

I am a member of first Bangladeshi LGBT organisation in the UK known as ‘Apanjon’.

I have regularly visiting LGBT Bars, clubs and social organisations. I now have some good LGBT friends who always support me and give me help. I also have a partner in London and I am enjoying my life in the UK. If I go back to Bangladesh .I can not live my life openly as a gay what I am living in here.

There are no bar and clubs for gay men.

Moreover, I can not marry another man .I will be killed by the public and no one will accept my gay life. Also I really believe that my family or other people will force me to get married to a woman In Bangladesh.

- Abdul Alim

three Tory manifestos will disappear, Security Minister Brandon Lewis said: “We are not setting some arbitrary

He said firms would need specialist workers from abroad to compete and deliver growth. “Right now unemployment is a near

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London 15 Nov 2019

Sustaining democracy in disaster Rayhan Ahmed Topader The major players in the international community have accepted the outcome of January’s elections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in the name of stability. In doing so, they have failed the Congolese people. Moreover, they have fallen short of the aspirations of the UN’s sustainable development goals, which call for accountable and inclusive institutions. Martin Fayulu, the runner-up in Congo’s presidential elections, at a rally in Kinshasa. The results compiled by the independent national election commission (CENI), leaked to the press, confirm those of the Catholic church, which fielded 40,000 observers across the country. They show that Martin Fayulu, the opposition coalition candidate, won the presidential election, not by a whisker, but by a landslide.

However, after a week’s delay and intense negotiations, the CENI announced the victory of Felix Tshisekedi. Both in the region and beyond, many argue that, whatever its flaws, the election at least produced a transition from the long presidency of Joseph Kabila, which is the best bet to preserve stability in DRC and the wider Great Lakes region. They may well be wrong on both counts.

Less than four years ago, Turkey shot down a Russian warplane near its border, prompting fears of a widening conflict between those neighbors as they faced off in Syria. Yet today, with the withdrawal of American troops from northeastern Syria, analysts agree it now falls to Russia to restrain Turkey through talks and persuasion.

Several years of adroit diplomacy and politicking have left Russia in a new and untested position in the Middle East: It is the one country all sides can talk to. In the not so distant past, no reference to Saudi Arabia in the Russian media would be complete without one official or another denouncing its radical Wahhabi Islam as an extremist threat to Russia’s own way of life.

But there was President Vladimir Putin, descending from his plane in Riyadh, Sauid Arabia, to the echoes of a 21-gun salute and

traveling to the royal palace with a cavalry escort. Saudi Arabia and Iran, for instance, have nothing but deep enmity for each other, yet Moscow maintains good relations with both Riyadh and Tehran. In a sense, it plays one off the other, Mark Katz, a professor at George Mason University who studies Russia and the Middle East, said in a recent interview. You don’t like the Iranians in Syria? he paraphrases the Russian message to the Saudis. Then it’s a good thing we’re there to keep an eye on them. The Turks loathe Syria’s leader, Bashar al-Assad.

Russia is Assad’s staunchest ally, yet Russia just sold an antiaircraft missile system to Turkey. The four biggest U.S. foes who stand to gain from Syrian pullout. Now Putin wants to sell one to Saudi Arabia, too. Plus a nuclear power plant. Saudi Arabia appreciates Russia’s active role in this region and in the world,” King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud said Monday as he opened talks with Putin.

In Soviet times, relations between Saudi Arabia and the Soviet Union were at a rather low level.

In recent years, the quality of our relations has changed dramatically. We consider Saudi Arabia a friendly nation,” Putin responded. Analysts say that American confusion, bungling and missteps especially in the past few days have opened the door to the Middle East for Russia.

Moscow, by not talking about human rights and transparency, is a welcome change of pace from the West, they say. Putin finds common ground with leaders as diverse as Assad of Syria, Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey, Hassan Rouhani of Iran and even Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel. Russians do not scold the Saudi prince, Mohammed bin Salman, over the 2018 murder of Jamal Khashoggi, the journalist.

Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman at a gathering with Russian President Vladimir Putin during Putin’s Oct.14 visit to the country But experts question whether Russia, having established diplomatic beachheads, has the means to bend the Middle East to its will.

They don’t have enough oomph to turn it,” said Heather A. Conley, a former U.S. diplomat who is now at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. The American withdrawal from Syria gives Russia an even freer hand

in that country. Turkey’s invasion of Kurdish areas does not directly threaten Russia’s interests. In fact Turkey offered Russians the opportunity to persuade the Kurds to start talks with Assad’s government.

strategic goal for the Middle East.

It wants to continue as a player and prevent any one side from becoming dominant.They’re dependent on keeping the pot simmering but not boiling over, he said. It is not clear, he said, that is possible in the long run. In 2018, The mutual recriminations Freedom in the World recorded between Turkey and the United the 13th consecutive year of States two NATO allies give decline in global freedom. The Russia even more to build on as it reversal has spanned a variety attempts to weaken the Western of countries in every region, from alliance. Dmitri Trenin, head of long-standing democracies like the Carnegie Moscow Center the United States to consolidated think tank, said in a tweet that authoritarian regimes like China Russia’s influence in Syria “has and Russia. The overall losses been again tested and proven are still shallow compared with strong” by the Kurds’ decision the gains of the late 20th century, to talk to Damascus.Keeping but the pattern is consistent contacts with all, including and ominous. Democracy is Turkey, and having a clear view in retreat. In states that were of one’s own interests and thus a already authoritarian, earning not coherent policy is paying off. Yet Free designations from Freedom the dramatic turn of events of the House, governments have past few days has led to signs of increasingly shed the thin façade an underlying uneasiness among of democratic practice that they some in Moscow. The Turkish established in previous decades, military invasion in the north of when international incentives and Syria has only complicated the pressure for reform were stronger. situation in the region, Konstantin Kosachyov, head of the foreign More authoritarian powers affairs committee in the Federation are now banning opposition Council, Russia’s upper house groups or jailing their leaders, of parliament, wrote on his blog. dispensing with term limits, and Trying to solve its problem by tightening the screws on any military means, Turkey creates independent media that remain. a new one and exacerbates the Meanwhile, many countries that old ones. Vladimir Dzhabarov, the democratized after the end of deputy head of the Federation the Cold War have regressed in Council foreign affairs committee, the face of rampant corruption, suggested that Russia and the antiliberal populist movements, United States could jointly broker and breakdowns in the rule of further talks between the Kurds law. Most troublingly, even longand Assad’s government. Syria standing democracies have been is just one item on the agenda shaken by populist political forces during Putin’s visit to Saudi Arabia that reject basic principles like the and the United Arab Emirates. separation of powers and target The price of oil is another both minorities for discriminatory Riyadh and Moscow believe its treatment. Some light shined price should not be allowed to go through these gathering clouds in too high. Russia wants to pursue 2018. Surprising improvements a number of energy and military in individual countries including deals that nuclear power plant Malaysia, Armenia, Ethiopia, being one of them.

Angola, and Ecuador show that democracy has enduring appeal They will also talk about the attacks as a means of holding leaders on a Saudi oil refinery last month accountable and creating the and on an Iranian tanker. Another conditions for a better life. Even topic sure to come up is war-torn in the countries of Europe and Yemen, where Saudi Arabia and North America where democratic Iran back opposing sides both of institutions are under pressure, which, as it happens, have had cordial talks with the Russians. Writer and Columnist It is a balancing act for Moscow: raihan567@yahoo.com Sow some friendship with one side, then the other; sow some uncertainty at the same time, get some deals done, some boots on the ground. Katz argues that Russia does not have an actual

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BREXIT negotiations, chaotic political situation ever in British political history and the tit bits of The 2019 UK general election.

Dr Anisur Rahman Anis The 2019 United Kingdom general election will be held under the provisions of the Early Parliamentary General Election Act 2019 on Thursday 12 December 2019, two and a half years after the previous general election in June 2017. It will be the first UK general election to be held in December since 1923.

The campaign period officially begins after the dissolution of Parliament on 6 November 2019. As of 5 November 2019, 65 MPs who held seats at the end of the Parliament are not standing for re-election.

All UK political parties called for application and has completed the selection process for the new candidates for all 65 seats which was vacant as those current MP’s standing down from their position for the upcoming election.

Each parliamentary constituency of the United Kingdom elects one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons using the firstpast-the-post voting system.

The election will be contested under the same boundaries for 650 constituencies that have been used since the 2010 general election.

The Sixth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, tasked by the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 with reducing the number of constituencies to 600, proposed modified boundaries.

However, boundary changes are not implemented until they have been approved by both Houses of Parliament, and the government did not submit the proposed changes for consideration before the election was called.

Voters in Britain may freely apply to vote by post and voters in Northern Ireland can vote by post if they give a reason they could not vote in person. Postal ballots need to reach the relevant Electoral Office by the time of the close of polls or be handed into the voter's local polling station in order to be counted. Voters may apply

to allow another person to cast a proxy vote for them if they can give a valid reason why this is required.

The deadline for delivery of candidates' nomination papers is 14 November.

The election will be held on 12 December 2019, with polling stations opening at 7am and closing at 10pm.

This date occurred despite the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 (FTPA), which introduced fixed-term parliaments to the United Kingdom, with elections scheduled on the first Thursday in May of the fifth year after the previous general election.

This would have led to an election on 5 May 2022.

On 29 October 2019 the House of Commons passed the Early Parliamentary General Election Act 2019 which circumvented the FTPA so as to hold a December election. The House of Lords followed suit the following day, with Royal Assent the day afterward.

Due to the impasse about the Brexit withdrawal agreement, some political commentators in 2019 considered an early election to be highly likely.

In January 2019 a vote of no confidence in Theresa May's government was called by the Labour Party. If passed, and no alternative government could be formed, this would have resulted in a general election. However this motion failed. After becoming Prime Minister in the summer, Boris Johnson made three attempts at a vote for an early general election under the terms of the FTPA, but each failed to achieve the required two-thirds supermajority.

The eventually successful bill, which required only a simple majority to pass (though it could be amended during its passage through Parliament), was proposed by the Liberal Democrat and Scottish National parties on 28 October and adopted by the government the following day (albeit with a Thursday 12 December date rather than Monday 9 December proposed by the opposition parties).

An amendment changing the date to 9 December failed by 315 votes to 295.

The final Commons vote on the bill passed by 438 votes to 20.

The election will be the first UK general election in December since 1923, and the first general election to be held by virtue of an Act of Parliament.

The general election comes against a backdrop of continued debate around Brexit, with the failure of the UK government and Parliament to agree withdrawal arrangements.

The ruling Conservative Party formed a minority government after the 2017 election, with support from the DUP. Splits over Brexit saw the Conservatives lose MPs and then lose DUP support. Since Boris Johnson became Prime Minister, the government has repeatedly lost votes in the Commons.

The unresolved matter of Brexit is expected to dominate the campaign.

The major parties have a wide variety of stances on Brexit.

The Conservative Party support leaving under the terms of the withdrawal agreement as negotiated

by Johnson (amending Theresa May's previous agreement), and this agreement forms a central part of the Conservative campaign.

The Brexit Party are in favour of a "no-deal Brexit", with their leader Farage calling for Johnson to drop the deal. Farage had suggested that the Brexit and Conservative parties could form an electoral pact to maximise the seats taken by Brexitsupporting MPs, but this was rejected by Johnson.

The SNP, Plaid Cymru, The Independent Group for Change, and the Green Party of England and Wales are each opposed to Brexit, and propose that a further referendum be held with the option which they would campaign for remain in the EU. This is similar to the Liberal Democrat position, with the additional pledge that a Liberal Democrat majority government (considered a highly unlikely outcome by observers would revoke

article 50 immediately. In England and Wales, the prospect of a "Remain Alliance" electoral pact between parties opposed to Brexit has been mooted.

The Labour party position, approved at their 2019 conference, is that a Labour government would renegotiate the withdrawal agreement (towards a closer postwithdrawal association with the EU) and would then put this forward as an option in a referendum against remaining in the EU. The Labour party's campaigning stance in that referendum would be decided at a special conference.

Although the DUP are in favour of a withdrawal agreement in principle, they oppose the deal negotiated by May and Johnson as they consider that it creates too great a divide between Northern Ireland and the rest of the UK. Sinn Féin, the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) and Alliance all favour remaining in the EU. The UUP favour remaining over Johnson's proposed deal.

Most candidates are representatives of a political party, which must be registered with the Electoral Commission's Register of Political Parties.

Candidates who do not belong to a registered party can use an "independent" label, or no label at all. At the 2017 general election, representatives of 71 parties stood for election, and 462 people stood as independents.

The Conservative Party and Labour Party have been the two biggest political parties, and have supplied every Prime Minister, since 1922. Early 2019 saw the founding of two notable new parties: the Brexit Party was formed by former UKIP politicians, while Change UK was formed by a group of Labour and Conservative MPs leaving their respective parties.

Neither party stood in the 2019 local elections.

In these, the Liberal Democrats and Greens made significant gains, but the Conservatives and Labour were still the two largest parties.

However, in the European Parliament elections later the same month, the Brexit Party came top and the Liberal Democrats were second; Change UK failed to win any seats and subsequently split, with some former members joining the Lib Dems and others forming The Independents. In the aftermath of those elections, the Brexit Party or the Lib Dems came top in a number of national polls in May/June 2019.

In February 2019, eleven MPs from both the Labour and Conservative parties resigned from their parties to sit together as The Independent Group. Having undergone a split and two name changes, this group now numbers five MPs who sit as the registered party The Independent Group for Change under the leadership of Anna Soubry.

Tim Farron announced his departure as Liberal Democrat leader shortly after the June 2017 election. He was replaced

by Vince Cable. In September 2018, Cable stated his intention to retire and resign as leader and was succeeded by Jo Swinson in July 2019.

In May 2019, Theresa May announced that she would formally resign as leader of the Conservative and Unionist Party on 7 June and on 23 July was succeeded as leader of the party by Boris Johnson, who replaced her as Prime Minister the following day.

While a number of UK parties organise in Northern Ireland (including the Labour Party, which does not field candidates) and others field candidates for election (most notably the Conservatives), the main Northern Ireland parties are different from those in the rest of the UK. Some parties in Northern Ireland operate on an allIreland basis, including Sinn Féin (which is currently Northern Ireland's second largest parliamentary party).

Sinn Féin are abstensionist and do not take up any Commons seats to which they are elected. continue----

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Your favourite curry houses won’t survive Brexit – and the government’s ‘vindaloo visas’ will speed up their demise As we near the end of the annual curry award season, we cannot deny that the industry is in trouble.

Despite Indian restaurants and takeaways contributing more than £5bn to our economy, and being an integral part of British life and a bastion of multiculturalism, the industry is facing a painful decline, with an increasing number of curry houses shutting down every week.

only thrive if the economy is doing well and people have cash to spend on meals out and takeaways. Brexit will reduce growth and productivity. This will reduce the amount people are paid. A hard Brexit will also see a further fall in the pound, which will put up costs to curry houses and increase inflation. All this is bad news for the

supplies for our industry and we worry about this prospect and the impact it may have on our diners by way of a hike in menu prices.”

The 15th annual British Curry Awards, dubbed the “Curry Oscars”, is due to take place on Monday 25 November, where, among other topics, continuing challenges facing

home secretary’s announcement to introduce such measures, which would lift immigration restrictions on skilled chefs from South Asia, thereby removing the recruitment dilemma for restaurant owners.

But will this really work when the other problems of rising food costs, increase

pitted against similar roles. A year ago, for example, Buckingham Palace was offering a salary of just over £21,000 for a royal chef.

Food unites people; it is central to daily life, social bonding, and an array of important events. We have an insatiable appetite for foreign cuisine and curry tops the list. Curry houses are

and quite rightly pointing out that “the British are not a race, but a gathering of countless different races and communities, the vast majority of which were not indigenous to these islands.” He described chicken tikka masala as a “true British national dish” and said that we should recognise the enormous contribution that

A year ago, I wrote about how Brexit has divided the curry industry, with curry houses struggling to recruit staff to meet demand following the tightening of Tier 2 visa restrictions, as well as rising costs.

Since that time, the situation has declined further.

Approximately 87 per cent of Indian restaurants in the UK are run and owned by Bangladeshis, and a lack of homegrown, skilled chefs in the UK means that recruiting staff from South Asia has become crucial to the survival of these businesses. Britishborn children of restaurant owners no longer want to follow in their parents’ footsteps and are choosing to pursue more academic careers.

sector.”

restaurants, particularly in the When, on average, wake of the Brexit 30 per cent of food extension and imports come from uncertainty, will be the EU, the governor addressed. of the Bank of England estimates In 2017, the then that the price of Liberal Democrat produce such as Leader, Sir Vince fruit and vegetables Cable, called on will increase by 5-10 the government to per cent after Brexit. introduce temporary Highlighting the “vindaloo visas” to threat that leaving help address the In his speech at the EU poses to problem of curry the Euro Asia Curry these businesses, restaurant staff Awards earlier this British Curry Awards shortages.

Two week, Lord Richard Founder, Enam years later, his call Newby said: “The Ali, said: "These has been answered curry industry will are essential food with Priti Patel, the

in rents, rising salaries and even competition from British supermarkets, remain? We also need to read the small print to understand what the provision of a “vindaloo visa” really means.

Current rules will enforce salaries of £35,000 to South Asian chefs, an amount that would likely bankrupt smaller restaurants.

It’s an especially unreasonable request when

part of our history and have been in Britain for over 200 years, so to face the possibility of extinction would be tragic and would certainly have an adverse impact on our economy.

In his famous “chicken tikka masala speech” in 2001, foreign secretary Robin Cook spoke about the importance of British identity and celebrating Britishness, boosting our economy through our relations with foreign countries

the multicultural communities make to “strengthening our economy, supporting public services and to enriching our culture and cuisine.”

It is evident that political parties of all persuasions value the curry industry, but saving Britain’s curry houses requires action. When will we see it? ( Rabina Khan is specialist advisor to Lib Dem House of Lords)

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