Bartlett PhD Research Projects 2025 by The Bartlett School of Architecture UCL

PhD Research Projects 2025

Preface Introduction

CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS

Isabelle Donetch

Imbunching the Mapocho: Neoliberalism, Repression and the Monstrous in Santiago

Alberto Fernández González

Cellular Architecture: From Discrete Grids to High-Resolution Space

Abdulkadir Kacan

TERMARCH: Generation and Analysis of Communal Environments for Human Interaction Inspired by Termites

Melih Kamaoğlu

The Idea of Evolution in Digital Architecture: A Critique of Bio-Digital Design

Adarsh Lanka

Revolutionising Architectural Production: Origins and Effects of Technical and Vocational Education in 19th-Century Bombay Presidency

Phamvu Linh

The Spatial Culture of ‘Hém’ in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: A Spatial-Morphological Analysis of Urban Interiority

Te-Chen Lu

(Re)Writing Contemporary Indigenous Architectural History through the Process of Co-Creating: A Paiwan Slate House of Southern Taiwan

Mengdi Mao

Stereotomic Design: Integrating Spolia into Contemporary Stone

Structures through Topological Interlocking Assemblies

Merve Okkali Alsavada

An Investigation of the Spatial and Socio-Economic Impacts of Waterways on the Transformation of Cities: Cases from the UK and the Netherlands

Daniel Ovalle Costal

Designing a Queer Domestic Canon

Feysa Poetry

Dismantling The Mistress’s House: Notes on Community Co-Production Using the ‘House Museum’ as a Tool

Elly Selby

Relational Authorship and the Renewed Cultural Practice of Interpretation

Ben Spong

Strange Interlocutors: Fabrication(s) as a Mediator in Architectural Production

Eric Wong

Building Imaginary Worlds in Environments of the Virtual: The Architect as World-Builder

Conference Participants’ Biographies

Credits

Past PhD Research Projects Conference and Exhibition

Preface

Dr Stylianos Giamarelos and Dr Stamatis Zografos

Co-ordinators, MPhil/PhD Architectural Design, Architectural and Urban History & Theory

Dr Nina Vollenbröker Director, MPhil/PhD Architectural Design

Professor Sophia Psarra and Dr Tania Sengupta Directors, MPhil/PhD Architectural and Urban History & Theory

Professor Ava Fatah gen. Schieck Director, MPhil/PhD Architectural Space & Computation

Professor Mario Carpo Director, MPhil/PhD Architecture & Digital Theory

Professor Murray Fraser Director, MPhil/PhD Architectural Practice

PhD Research Projects 2025 is the nineteenth annual conference and exhibition related to doctoral research at The Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL. The event is open to the public and involves presentations by students undertaking doctoral research in Architectural Design, Architectural and Urban History & Theory, Architectural Space & Computation, Architecture & Digital Theory, and Architectural Practice PhD programmes.

Leading to a PhD in Architecture, The Bartlett School of Architecture’s doctoral programmes encourage originality and creativity. Over 130 students are currently enrolled on these programmes, and the range of research subjects undertaken is broad. Each annual PhD conference and exhibition focuses on a smaller selection of presentations from students who are developing or concluding their research. The purpose of the conference and

exhibition is to encourage productive discussions between presenters, exhibitors, staff, students, critics and the audience.

Organised and curated by Dr Stylianos Giamarelos and Dr Stamatis Zografos, PhD Research Projects 2025 has six invited reviewers: Professor Claire Zimmerman, University of Toronto Daniels Faculty; Professor Hugh Campbell, University College Dublin; Professor Arunava Dasgupta, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi; Dr Amy Thomas, Delft University of Technology; Dr Michael Weinstock, the Architectural Association; and Dr Filipa Matos Wunderlich, The Bartlett School of Planning.

Presenting this year are: Isabelle Donetch, Alberto Fernández González, Abdulkadir Kacan, Melih Kamaoğlu, Adarsh Lanka, Phamvu Linh, Te-Chen Lu, Mengdi Mao, Merve Okkali Alsavada, Daniel Ovalle Costal, Feysa Poetry, Elly Selby, Ben Spong and Eric Wong.

Introduction

Nyima Murry and Alberto Fernández González

Promiscuous Research

I’m drawn to art that expands and multiplies complexity, art that seeks ever finer gradations of feeling and thought. When do we ever feel a single feeling, or for long? When are we ever wholehearted? How long can we stay in a single place, or stay there happily?

–

Gareth Greenwell

In his interview for the Paris Review, American author Gareth Greenwell refers to joyful promiscuity and between-ness.

For Greenwell, promiscuity is human nature’s greatest virtue – an eagerness and excitement for new things at which one arrives through unexpected encounters. The desire or eagerness for these encounters often underpins calls for wider interdisciplinarity and resonates with a conference which cuts across the five PhD programmes at The Bartlett School of Architecture.

Promiscuity in research is not simply a flirtation with multiple disciplines but an intentional, open embrace of the spaces between them. It celebrates curiosity, exploration and the creative tension that

arises when distinct worlds collide. It explores the liminal, the undefined, and the messy and ‘gloopy’ methodologies that resist categorisation. To research promiscuously is to recognise that the richness of thought lies not in staying within a single disciplinary framework but in navigating the intersections, where new insights and methodologies can emerge. Promiscuity calls for research that is exploratory, hybrid and integrative – an openness to uncertainty and a willingness to embrace complexity. The word promiscuity originates from the Latin root promiscuus, which means ‘mixed, indiscriminate, or common’. Pro –: a prefix meaning ‘forth’ or ‘before’; and miscere : a verb meaning ‘to mix’. In an era defined by accelerating specialisation and

compartmentalisation, the act of being in-between – occupying the ambiguous, undefined, and often uncomfortable middle ground where disciplines, ideas and methodologies intersect – gives rise to the concept of timefulness as a profound way of engaging with ‘promiscuous research’. Unlike the relentless urgency of productivity or the linear rush towards measurable outcomes, timefulness encourages a deliberate, reflective engagement with the present moment and the nuanced complexities of in-between spaces. It acknowledges that the act of sitting with uncertainty – of exploring without rushing to define or categorise –is not a delay but an essential aspect of discovery.

Between-ness is messy. It both requires us to resist the comfort of singular definitions and the safety of established paths, and asks us to adopt a more fluid, adaptable mindset, as we embrace methodologies that evolve, overlap, and resist clear delineation. Timefulness allows for the cultivation of this mindset, providing the patience and perspective needed to appreciate the slow unfolding of ideas and the serendipity of unexpected connections.

Yet, the between-ness inherent to our practices is too often undervalued. The insecurity of existing in-between—of straddling disciplines—frequently gives rise to an impulse to define and demarcate roles. Terms like interdisciplinary have taken on a near-parodic quality, becoming meme-ified in email signatures overloaded with slashes: Architect/Designer/Artist/Researcher/ Educator/Existentialist. The labels grow longer, but do they capture the messy, dynamic fluidity of our work?

Between-ness requires timefulness – a deliberate engagement with the uncertainties and opportunities it presents. It asks researchers to linger in the liminal, to resist the pressure for immediate results and to allow ideas to gestate and evolve.

In this process, the in-between becomes not a gap to be bridged but a dynamic, generative space where architecture’s most transformative possibilities are realised.

In the context of architectural research and design, this timefulness in-between disciplines fosters not only innovative methods, but also a richer understanding of the spaces we inhabit – literal, metaphorical and intellectual. Promiscuous research, when approached with timefulness, becomes an act of care: for the ideas we explore, the disciplines we draw from, and the time we give ourselves to dwell, meander and transform. By inhabiting the in-between, architectural researchers can uncover new perspectives and foster collaborations that transcend traditional silos. This approach amplifies architecture’s capacity to address pressing global challenges, from climate change to social equity, by drawing on the insights and innovations that arise in interdisciplinary spaces.

The concept of the in-between occupies a critical and generative space in architectural research, cutting across the diverse realms of our PhD programmes at the School. To dwell in the in-between is to challenge conventional disciplinary boundaries and embrace a state of fluidity where ideas can be tested, reframed and reimagined. It is here, in the interstitial spaces, that the most innovative and impactful architectural research emerges. And it is through these explorations – joyful, promiscuous, and deeply interdisciplinary – that we expand the boundaries of what architecture and design can become.

Embracing the timefulness of in-between-ness is much more than an academic exercise; it is a call to the future that invites us to rethink how we approach knowledge itself. It is an invitation to linger in the spaces where growth happens – not hurriedly, but wholeheartedly.

Conference Participants

Isabelle Donetch

MPhil/PhD Architectural and Urban History & Theory

Supervisors: Professor Tim Waterman · Professor Catalina Ortiz · Funding: National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) Graduate Fellowship, Republic of Chile, & The Michael James Scholarship, Amar-Franses and Foster-Jenkins Trust, UK

Imbunching the Mapocho: Neoliberalism, Repression and the Monstrous in Santiago

This research studies the transformation of the Mapocho River in Santiago de Chile through the lens of urban repressive strategies, neoliberalism and aesthetic normalisation. It traces how the river, once a symbol of environmental degradation and social marginalisation, has been reshaped from the Pinochet dictatorship to the post-dictatorial neoliberal era. The study explores how displacement and deregulation along the riverbanks perpetuate legacies of repression and elite control, often under the guise of modern planning and beautification. Using the Chilean mythological monster of the imbunche – a being forcibly deformed and bound to render it silent and immobile – this research highlights how the river has been tied, sanitised and rendered mute in service of neoliberal ideals of transparency and market efficiency.

Through archival research analysis of cultural representations, and political discourse, the research argues that

transformations to the Mapocho River’s natural and social landscape, shaped by economic elites, reveal broader patterns of domination and control and further entrench urban segregation and inequality. The study reveals how the Mapocho River’s transformation exemplifies the tensions between neoliberal imperatives and alternative urban futures rooted in collective memory and resistance. It questions whether Latin America’s postdictatorial urban spaces can envision futures that acknowledge past struggles for social and environmental justice, or if they will remain constrained by neoliberal frameworks of aesthetic normalisation and economic control. Moreover, by examining these processes, the research provides a conceptual metaphor for studying landscapes of neoliberalism in other cities, where urban spaces are reimagined to serve the interests of economic elites while marginalising vulnerable communities.

Imbunche 2: Pretty Country for Auction (Author: Isabelle Donetch, 2024)

Alberto Fernández González

MPhil/PhD

Architecture & Digital Theory

Supervisors: Professor Mario Carpo · Dr Roberto Bottazzi · Funding: National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) Graduate Fellowship, Republic of Chile, UCL & UCH

Cellular Architecture: From Discrete Grids to High-Resolution Space

This doctoral project deals with the transformative potential of Cellular Automata (CA) in architectural design. It integrates digital models and physical simulations through coding as both an analytical and exploratory design tool for interpreting real-world contexts, and as a translator for innovative spatial and programmatic solutions. By combining CA principles with emergent systems, the study redefines how technology and nature converge to create intelligent, adaptive, and multi-scale architectural spaces.

The research begins by establishing a theoretical foundation that contextualises CA through historical, computational, and architectural non-linear frameworks. It first examines CA’s complexity, its application to discretised spaces, and its capacity to synthesise architectural contexts through an exploration of CA’s evolution from the 20th century to the present. It then focuses on CA’s role within the framework of postnatural architecture, examining the role of determinism, complexity and emergence as tools for shaping dynamic architectural paradigms.

In the design methodologies and approach phase, CA principles are combined with information, material and diffusion models.

This expands their capabilities beyond conventional systems by reinterpreting neighbourhood constraints, embedding rules, and generating dynamic patterns. Fixed grids are replaced with diffusion model grids, starting in 2D and later extending to 3D depth maps, which enable the exploration of complex textures, depths and forms. Dynamism is further amplified through the use of randomness in generating emergent, stochastic behaviours that mimic natural growth and adaptability. Lastly, the research envisions CA and its potential futures in architecture. It explores geometries and material translations from 2D to 3D, using emergent strategies from interactivity, bio-receptivity and machine learning adaptations. These approaches foster a speculative transition from the discrete universe to incremental-resolution outputs of spatial and material exploration. Ultimately, the study seeks to answer the question: Can CA in architectural design generate ‘a new kind of architecture’?

Dynamic Cellular Automata structures illuminated to reveal the interplay of complexity and self-organisation in an adaptively woven digital architectural space (Author: Alberto Fernández González, 2023)

Abdulkadir Kacan

MPhil/PhD Architectural Space & Computation

Supervisors: Dr Tasos Varoudis · Professor Alan Penn · Funding: Ministry of National Education, Republic of Türkiye

TERMARCH Generation and Analysis of Communal Environments for Human Interaction Inspired by Termites

Termites live in cooperative colonies involving millions of individuals. These colonies, also referred to as ‘superorganisms’, have evolved complex and closely interwoven collective behaviours. Stigmergy, flow and homeostasis – three of the mechanisms based on these behaviours – allow these insects to create functional and environmentally adapted mound structures by only following simple rule sets. During the foraging and construction process, termites exhibit asynchronous behaviours all around the mound, and these interactions provide a wide variety of fertile patterns that demonstrate the dynamics of a swarm. The diversity of these patterns directly impacts the form of the nest, resulting in unique shapes that still serve the same purpose of being highly accessible and integrated.

This study draws inspiration from the collective behaviours of termites to develop computational design and analysis methods for creating well-connected architectural spaces on any scale, for humans. The research employs Agent-Based Modelling as its primary methodology, wherein agents simulate the behaviour of termites and construct edifices without any central authority. Several auxiliary methods are additionally implemented to enhance the study. Image processing techniques are applied for the field’s colour space and binary conversion, accompanied by a comprehensive analysis of the research outputs. Gradient mapping is utilised to generate the vector field, while ray casting is employed to create an isovist map.

Implementation of a 2D trail path for termites using 100,000 virtual agents (Author: Abdulkadir Kacan, 2024)

Melih Kamaoğlu

MPhil/PhD

Architecture & Digital Theory

Supervisors: Dr Roberto Bottazzi · Dr Claudia Pasquero · Funding: Ministry of National Education, Republic of Türkiye

The Idea of Evolution in Digital Architecture A Critique of Bio-Digital Design

Throughout history, nature has proved to be a model for architects by demonstrating various types of intelligence, creativity and solutions. How humans make sense of nature and how they design buildings have been thoroughly interrelated. Philosophers and scientists generally considered all living creatures as static, unchanging and non-transformable beings. Following Charles Darwin’s revolutionary work, living beings came to be understood as dynamic entities that change, evolve and develop. The theory of evolution has been widely accepted as the interpretive power of biology, after numerous scientific discussions and objections. In the years that followed, genetics provided the working principles of evolution from the level of organisms to that of the environment. More recently, computation has been used to simulate nature’s evolutionary logic, and architects have applied evolutionary principles in design theories and methodologies since the 1990s.

Although the technical and practical features of computational evolutionary tools in architectural design have been frequently studied, there is still little research on their historical, theoretical and philosophical foundations, which foreground the critical role of computation as an interface between evolution and architectural design. This doctoral project aims to fill this gap by instrumentalising the philosophy and theory of computation to critically review the penetration of biological evolution in digital architecture theories and practices since the early 1990s. The study proposes an intellectual framework to understand and conceptualise various integrations of biological evolution into architectural design processes through computation by shedding light on their limitations, shortcomings and potentials.

A representation of bio-digital design in digital architecture as a collaboration between evolution, genetics and computation (Author: Melih Kamaoğlu, 2024)

MPhil/PhD

Architectural and Urban History & Theory

Supervisors: Dr Tania Sengupta · Professor Peg Rawes · Funding: The Paul Mellon Centre Research Support Grant

Revolutionising Architectural Production Origins and Effects of Technical and Vocational Education in 19th-Century Bombay Presidency

The dominant trend in the historiography of Indian architecture has been to apprehend buildings in terms of their symbolic content (‘reception’) and to accord causal primacy to political philosophies of the state, ruleradministrators and civil society. Taking cues from ‘production studies’ and Marxist theories of capitalist urbanisation, this study focuses instead on the complex social machinery implicated in the production of the built environment, its relation to wider economic forces and interests, and their evolution over time. Specifically, it traces the development of social relations in the building sector in Bombay Presidency arising from the establishment of institutes for technical and vocational education in the 1850s.

Scholarship on the architecture of the Bombay Presidency has established that such institutes were pivotal in supplying the Public Works Department (PWD)

with key personnel, but has neglected to analyse them as a comprehensive solution to the growing need for trained personnel at all levels of the PWD machinery arising out of the imperatives of a colonial political economy. In addition, accounts of architecture in the subsequent period have mainly focused on the role played by European administrators and officerengineers; Indians have featured only sparingly in this scholarship, either as the occasional ‘natives’ in the upper ranks or as artisans and craftsmen. This study will seek to examine the lineage of various subclasses of (overwhelmingly ‘native’) ‘subordinates’ produced by technical institutes, the roles that they performed in the production of the built environment and the ways in which they overshadowed and significantly diminished the autonomy of traditional designer-builders.

The building of the library and clock tower at the University of Mumbai, between 1869 and 1878, was made possible by graduates of the newly opened technical and vocational institutes between 1853 and 1857 (Photograph: Adarsh Lanka, 2024)

Phamvu Linh

MPhil/PhD Architectural Space & Computation

Supervisors: Dr Sam Griffiths · Professor Sophia Psarra

The Spatial Culture of Hem in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: A Spatial-Morphological Analysis of Urban Interiority ,

Since the beginning of the 21st century, numerous studies have presented alleyways in various Asian countries as relics of the urban past, owing to their deep-rooted presence in the spatial grid and their vulnerability to vanishing amid the modernisation process. Despite some typological similarities, however, Vietnamese alleyways, or hém , tell a different story. Hém are a Vietnamese urban phenomenon and home to more than 80% of the population of two major cities: Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). Even so, the formation and growth of hém in the two cities are fundamentally different. The urban grid of Hanoi is originally rooted in a traditional village structure. Unlike Hanoi, HCMC underwent a substantial urban metamorphosis during the colonial period, including a large-scale demolition of traditional villages. This thesis investigates how HCMC has been transformed from a Western colonial city to a city characterised by an extensive number of hém since the national reunification of 1975 and the economic reform of 1986. Far from being interpreted as an informal urban element suggesting marginal status, could hém provide the means for HCMC to establish an indigenous postcolonial identity?

The research proposes a socio-spatial approach to this question, deploying both configurational analysis and ethnographic fieldwork. Hém are approached as examples of local cultural continuity characterised by a quality of ‘interiority.’ Spatial analysis uses the theory and methods of space syntax and the associated concept of ‘spatial culture’ which proposes that space is intrinsic to social processes. A spatial-morphological representation of hém at a fine resolution of the urban grid focuses on their role in the urban structure of HCMC, in dialogue with other socio-economic data. This analysis produces case studies for the fieldwork stage, drawing on the techniques of grounded theory. The thesis intends to offer a spatial cultural approach to the interpretation of urban interiority.

(top) A dual urban (street) network analysis of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, employing the analytical method of space syntax to highlight the global street infrastructure (foreground network) overlaid with clusters of neighbourhood areas (background network) (Author: Phamvu Linh, 2024)

(bottom) Social and economic practices in hém, in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (Photographs: Phamvu Linh, 2024)

Te-Chen Lu

MPhil/PhD Architectural and Urban History & Theory

Supervisors: Professor Clare Melhuish · Dr Ludovic Coupaye · Funding: Taiwan Government Scholarship & the Endangered Material Knowledge Programme of the British Museum

(Re)Writing Contemporary Indigenous Architectural History through the Process of Co-Creating a Paiwan Slate House of Southern Taiwan

The Paiwan people use the emic term Kacalisian to refer to themselves. In their language, calisi refers to ‘slopes’, signifying their identity as ‘the true people of the mountain slopes’. Over millions of years, slate outcrops formed through accumulation and metamorphism, uplifted from seabed to mountain ranges, eroded by typhoons and earthquakes, and gathered via human hands in slabs were categorised, shaped, laid and reformed into houses. The Paiwan used to bury their ancestors beneath the house, while the house and the house name would be inherited by one line of primogenitary descendant.

Vernacular architecture has long been excluded from the canonical discourse of architectural history and theory. This division stems not only from the association of its linguistic root (verna) with slavery and the related colonial legacies but also from its narrow definition as non-monumental, or as ‘architecture without architects’ – utilitarian, and to some extent non-historical. Studies of vernacular architecture and their encyclopaedic ambition have also seemed to serve as an appendage to architectural

design and education. In critical response, I argue for the need to develop ‘indigenous architectural history’. My research focuses on the ways in which one can rebuild this unrecorded or misrepresented history through spatial practice; the co-creating construction process of the Kadrangian slate house therefore suggests a radical approach to history writing. In this context, the house is seen as a Technical Activity (TA), lying in the intergenerational shared time, the materiality, the body and the milieu. Through partaking in and documenting the entire construction process of a slate house in the Piuma community utilising multimodal and visual methods (ethnographic film, apprenticeship, old village site visits, conducting original interviews and engaging with archives that contributed to spatial practice via trial and error), this research aims to reconnect with traditions of ‘technodiversity’. The work confronts the predicaments of capitalist society to reveal negotiations and entanglements, whilst exploring pathways for living heritage in the contemporary context.

Kui Tjuveleljem is cutting the fringe of a slab to make it look more natural, in Piuma, Taiwan (Photograph: Te-Chen Lu, 2023)

Mengdi Mao

MPhil/PhD

Architectural Design

Supervisors: Professor Marjan Colletti · Dr Guan Lee

Stereotomic Design: Integrating Spolia into Contemporary Stone Structures through Topological Interlocking Assemblies

This research investigates the potential of integrating the ancient practice of reusing irregular existing building materials (known as ‘spolia’) into contemporary stereotomic design by utilising topological interlocking assembly (TIA) as the technique. As the construction industry faces increasing environmental concerns, this study explores the reuse of irregular stone as a primary material over steel and concrete to enhance structural integrity. With a specific focus on dry-fit masonry, the work employs digital tools to bridge the gap between design and construction.

Examining the role of architectural spolia throughout history and their contemporary applications for both decorative and structural purposes, the research considers their cultural and social significance. Exploring the shift from traditional handcrafted stone to digital stereotomy, the study follows this shift which saw the preservation of the craft of traditional masonry and the incorporation of advanced computational design and fabrication techniques to enable the assembly of complex stone structures. To achieve

a sustainable future and transform stone into contemporary materiality, mortarless structures – including TIA’s historical and contemporary precedents – are explored. Utilising interactive digital tools as an interface, 2D patterns are transformed into 3D topological interlocking assemblies, resulting in structures whose internal blocks are translationally and rotationally locked in place.

To fully integrate material reuse throughout the entire design and fabrication processes of TIA, a series of experiments based on Joseph Abeille’s Flat Vault have been conducted. The workflow includes material sourcing and point-cloud scanning, generating topological interlocking assemblies, stone matching and structural optimisation, and subtractive manufacturing and assembly sequence. This process allows for the formation of stone structures of various weights. The proposed approach not only promotes a sustainable architectural environment but also enables the creative incorporation of spolia into new constructions.

Topological interlocked dome assembled using Penrose tiling (Author: Mengdi Mao, 2023)

Merve Okkali Alsavada

MPhil/PhD Architectural Space & Computation

Supervisors: Dr Kimon Krenz · Professor Kayvan Karimi · Professor Laura Vaughan · Funding: Ministry of National Education, Republic of Türkiye

An Investigation of the Spatial and Socio-Economic Impacts of Waterways on the Transformation of Cities: Cases from the UK and the Netherlands

Throughout history, cities with waterways have driven international trade and served as hubs for people from various places and countries. Ports, industrial zones and the city centre functioned as interconnected units. However, the development of new transportation systems has altered links between city centres and waterfronts, and the adverse effects on the urban waterways and waterside areas has drawn growing attention across various disciplines.

This study investigates this evolving role of urban waterways, focusing on canals, within the spatial transformation of cities. It proposes a combined framework based on case studies of cities with canal networks, addressing two key questions: how do inner-urban waterways affect the urban growth patterns of cities over time? And how do they relate to the urban form and socioeconomic activities of cities?

The research begins with a comparative spatial network analysis of cities and advances to develop and apply an approach of Integrated Urban Modelling using space syntax. By integrating street and

waterway networks over several periods, the study evaluates the way waterways influence the evolution of urban form in case studies from the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Analyses of street, waterway, and combined networks across various historical periods reveal a different perspective on spatial growth patterns and the interplay between street and waterway networks as distinct spatial modes. Initial findings show that the configurational role of canals have evolved differently over time in different cases. The rivers and canals are not merely historical transportation routes connecting places globally; they remain integral to cities as spatial systems, considered as an intrinsic morphological aspect of urban environments. Rather than serving as a background to the built form, they are integral to the whole. Hence, canals are part of cities’ centrality as a process, shaping urban centres through the longterm historical process of street-waterway interaction.

Amsterdam Global Integration and Scatter Plots of Periods (Author: Merve Okkali Alsavada, 2024)

Daniel Ovalle Costal

MPhil/PhD Architectural Design

Supervisors: Professor Ben Campkin · Professor Barbara Penner

Designing a Queer Domestic Canon

Scholarship on queer space has historically prioritised public and commercial spaces, from ‘gaybourhoods’ to night clubs. Domestic spaces have received comparatively less attention in the past; they have often been framed as sites of normalising power relations, despite the richness of feminist critiques of domesticity as a key agent in the construction and reproduction of gender and sexuality. Some scholars have since problematised this reading of the home, arguing for more nuanced understandings of domesticity. My research builds on this body of work and explores the critical potential of architects’ toolkits to help re-frame and re-design domesticity as a space of inclusion and political resistance concerning sexual and gender diversity.

This project engages with the ongoing debate around homonormativity in queer studies, focusing on the role of the home in discourses around assimilation, resistance, and struggle. This approach to the home also engages with the political, financial and professional contexts in which said

homes are produced. As a result, the research is sited in the Olympic villages of London and Barcelona as paramount examples of neoliberal urban regeneration. Through these sites, I aim to develop a comparative framework to test the historic and cultural contingency of homonormativity.

This study adopts a transdisciplinary approach to domesticity, acknowledging that a wide and diverse range of forms of knowledge is required to explore its nuances, with an emphasis on design tools. This includes a practice of dollhouse making, rooted in architectural design methods but also in toy-making and other forms of craft. In addition, field work is being carried out in London’s Olympic Village combining ethnographic interviews in participants’ homes with a practice of domestic survey drawings.

Ultimately, this research project aims to develop a queer set of design methods that can be used to produce domestic prototypes to demonstrate new spatial, ethical and aesthetic horizons for queer inclusive design.

Disobedient Dollhouse no. 1 (Author: Daniel Ovalle Costal, 2023; Photograph: Sophie Percival)

Feysa Poetry

MPhil/PhD Architectural and Urban History & Theory

Supervisors: Professor Murray Fraser · Professor Eva Branscome · Professor Peter Bishop

Funding: Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education Agency (LPDP)

Dismantling The Mistress’s House: Notes on Community Co-Production Using the ‘House Museum’ as a Tool

Lasem, an ancient port town on Java’s northern coast, has long thrived at the margins – of commerce, culture, knowledge and time. Once a hub for maritime traders, its multicultural identity arose due to the co-existence of ethnic Chinese and Javanese ‘host’ cultures. Despite centuries-long efforts to erase Chinese-Indonesian presence from Indonesia’s civic spaces, hybridity has survived in the intimate traditions safeguarded within homes. During antiChinese riots across Java, Lasem’s gated courtyard houses acted as places of refuge, preserving everyday artefacts linked to transnational histories. These remnants now offer an opportunity to recover Lasem’s disconnected past and shift Indonesia’s historiography away from Javanese hegemonic narratives towards an understanding of lived experiences of marginalised coastal communities. This project of collective history writing embarked on an elder’s initiative to transform his ancestral home into a humble museum he called Nyah Lasem

(The Mistress of Lasem), filled with family memorabilia which rely on oral histories to reveal lives otherwise forgotten. Shortly before his passing, the elder handed Nyah Lasem to our group of local cultural activists to continue the work of communitybased memory-keeping. Tweaking Chen’s phrase of ‘Asia as method’ to ‘community as method’, this study offers a personal reflection on my task as museum director in repurposing what was once the ‘master’s tool’ into one of liberation. Acknowledging the colonial roots of the act of collecting and museum-making, my strategies seek to dismantle the mistress’s house by excavating the micro-narratives of domestic spaces, grounded in the practice of care, to engage local people in producing their own knowledge and recognising their own voices in Lasem’s postcolonial history. By seeing the collective as a collaborative act of co-production, this project seeks to reclaim Lasem’s identity as a vibrant coastal community in which the periphery can once again become the centre.

Dismantling The Mistress’s House, collage (Author: Feysa Poetry, 2024)

Elly Selby MPhil/PhD Architecture & Digital Theory

Supervisors: Professor Mario Carpo · Professor Philip Steadman

Relational Authorship and the Renewed Cultural Practice of Interpretation

This research introduces the concept of ‘relational authorship’ in creative, computational processes through two intertwined historiographies. The first and better-known history is that of computation as a means of hierarchical flattening and widened participation among human contributors. The second – the more contentious and the focus of this research – is a relational authorship wherein computation itself – a non-conscious but cognitive entity – is an author, with the capacity for emergence, complexity, non-repeatability and non-predictability.

Tracing the transformation of artificial intelligence, historical reflections on computational authorship reveal a shift from speculative ideas influenced by information theory (e.g. machine imaginaire) and computational agency in digital art practices, to current realities, where cognitive computation increasingly co-authors with humans. Central to this investigation is the cultural practice of interpretation, a uniquely human skillset which remains essential in critical appraisal, evaluation and the curation of AI-mediated outputs. Unlike non-AI processes, where inputs were stable and transparent, contemporary interpretation responds to opaque, variable inputs, requiring continual recontextualisation.

This framework extends beyond recognising the agency of non-human entities, suggesting shared authorship among humans and machines. Analysing the case of generative AI, such as Large Language Models and Diffusion Models, relational authorship involves multiple interactors: Training Set Authors, AI Programmers, the AI model, and Users. This research reinforces a need for authorship rather than anonymity in a contemporary ecology of AI-generated or mediated work. It proposes transparency in a relational process to compensate for the opaque, black-boxed nature of each contribution to an output. This new conception of authorship replaces pre-AI modes of singular, named authorship, which are now incompatible with contemporary modes of production, distribution and interpretation.

The study reflects on human creative agency amid the alienating effects of digital tools. Interdisciplinary in scope, it examines relational authorship across digital art and design while addressing its implications in architecture, a field constrained by professional ethics and governance.

Untitled drawing (Authors: AARON and Harold Cohen, USA, 1985. Museum no. E.322-2009, © Victoria and Albert Museum, London)

Ben Spong

MPhil/PhD Architectural Design

Supervisors: Professor Nat Chard · Professor Penelope Haralambidou

Strange Interlocutors: Fabrication(s) as a Mediator in Architectural Production

The objects in Willem Kalf’s Still Life with a Silver Jug and a Porcelain Bowl (c.1655–1660) occupy a space on the edge of human consciousness. The silver jug, painted to both intensify the means of its production and extend the limits of technological craft, exhibits a strange potential to be both of the world as we believe it to be and of one beyond it. This alluring crisis strikes an intellectual and ontological uncertainty within the observer that is founded on the quotidian nature of the objects, the temporal conditions they engage, and the intense description of their fabrication. They are simultaneously here and there, material and immaterial, present and projective.

While Kalf’s vase is made in the pictorial realm, it hints at what pleasures and possibilities may be drawn out through the process of fabrication, and the altering notions of reality they imply. Drawing on a simultaneous and multiple understanding

of fabrication – something made, something imagined, and something between practice ( fabrica) and theory (ratio) – the research seeks to draw out the varying degrees in which fabrication(s) allows for otherwise incommensurable forms of knowledge and being to co-exist, and to ask what potential alterity holds for architecture. The work establishes methods of fabricating in all its aspects that maintain the paradoxically generative possibilities of the uncertain which alterity raises.

Much of the research is realised through the fabrication of quotidian objects that contain meaning drawn from the way they are made in addition to their more instrumental role. There is an intentional paradox between the familiarity of their use and the worlds they give rise to, which provides an everyday way of putting ideas of the world into question – a method and output of the research.

Vase_02 + Flower Still Life: Charged Vessels + Blooming Data (Author: Ben Spong, 2024)

Eric Wong MPhil/PhD Architectural Design

Supervisors: Professor Jonathan Hill · Professor Penelope Haralambidou · Dr Luke Pearson

Building Imaginary Worlds in Environments of the Virtual: The Architect as World-Builder

As physical, analogue design and building practices progress into alternative mediums of the virtual, the architect’s role in more contemporary worlds of space-making becomes widely contested. From drawing, to film, to the digital and the immersive, new-media landscapes are reshaping how architecture and our built environment are conceived, constructed and experienced.

The virtual has been an important theme of architectural practice and discourse since the Italian Renaissance; it established the architect’s position as a visual artist, associating a drawn line to the construction of an idea. However, in Japan, the Western concept of the architect as a designer and architecture as an art and a profession, only coincided with the arrival of modernism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This research, therefore, emphasises how Japanese visual cultures have been informed by crosscultural dialogues and that animation and architecture are embedded within historical and contemporary Western and Japanese understandings of the virtual. My interdisciplinary explorations as an architect world-building for Japanese animation auteur, Director Mamoru Hosoda, questions the Western-centric

focus of architectural discourse and practice and reassesses the contemporary meanings and practices of the virtual. To contribute new understandings to the practice of world-building, this research contextualises current architectural and world-building applications, acknowledges the cultural, social and political agencies of different world-building pathways, and critically situates a rigorous analysis of the knowledge, techniques and values that underpin an alternative design practice. Embedded in methods of drawing, writing, conducting interviews and researching archives, an autoethnographic inquiry of practice-based reflections, realtime explorations and design-based investigations establishes critical tools for the contemporary architect to assume the role of a virtual world-builder. At the forefront of this research, the world-building architect is actively recognised as a valuable discipline in shaping expansive, inclusive and inspiring contributions to architectural imaginaries and built environments of the virtual.

Glitches in the Virtual World: What are the ‘glitches’ – limitations, conditions, resources and economy –we experience in the real world that might affect the virtual world? (Author: Eric Wong, 2022)

Conference Participants’ Biographies

Isabelle Donetch is a Chilean PhD candidate in the Architectural and Urban History & Theory programme at The Bartlett School of Architecture. She is also a qualified architect and holds an MSc in Sustainable Heritage from UCL. Her research adopts a ‘history from below’ approach, examining power struggles over hegemonic narratives and memory in the construction of urban heritage and identity, with a specific focus on the Pinochet dictatorship and its aftermath. Before starting her PhD, Isabelle worked as an architect, collaborating with professional practices in Santiago. She has developed several research projects, published articles, and presented her work at multiple international congresses. Her research is funded by the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) Graduate Fellowship (Chile) and the Michael James Scholarship of the AmarFranses and Foster-Jenkins Trust (UK).

Alberto Fernández González is an architect, educator and researcher from the University of Chile and The Bartlett. His recognitions include UIA Venice Biennale CelebCities 3, Archiprix International, Architizer Future of Shade, Holcim Award Next Generation and SIGraDi Research Innovation Award. Recognised as Best Young Chilean Architect in 2009, he is currently a lecturer (teaching) and PhD candidate at UCL and Director of Education at

SIGraDi. His research on Cellular Automata in architecture is funded by the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) Graduate Fellowship (Chile), UCL and UCH (UK). He cofounded DigitalFUTURES Spanish and Rational Energy Architects, a platform which studies the intersection of AI, energy, participatory design and self-generated spaces.

Abdulkadir Kacan is in the third year of his studies in the MPhil/PhD Architectural Space & Computation programme. His research interests are social insects, agent-based modelling, collective behaviours, decentralised design approaches and space syntax. His dissertation focuses on generating and analysing architectural space using common collective behaviours of termites and humans. Abdulkadir’s research is funded by the Ministry of National Education, Republic of Türkiye. He holds an MSc in Architectural Computation from The Bartlett School of Architecture and a bachelors degree in Architecture from the Erciyes University in Kayseri, Türkiye.

Melih Kamaoğlu is an architectural historian and theorist. He is a PhD candidate and Senior Postgraduate Teaching Assistant at The Bartlett School of Architecture. He received his BArch in 2017 and MArch in 2020 from Karadeniz Technical University. Between 2018 and 2020,

he worked as a research assistant at Eskişehir Technical University, where he was a tutor of Basic Design, Introduction to Architectural Design and Architectural Design Studio courses. His primary research interests include architectural theory/ history, computation, evolutionary theory and philosophy of nature. His research is funded by the Republic of Türkiye Ministry of National Education.

Adarsh Lanka holds degrees in architecture and sociology, and is interested – broadly speaking – in the application of social theory to architecture and the urban. His approach to architectural history is informed both by his sociological education and his lived experiences of working intimately with artisans during his internship with Didi Contractor, a pioneer of sustainable/ecological architecture based out of the Himalayas. His research is funded by the Paul Mellon Centre Research Support Grant.

Phamvu Linh is a PhD candidate at The Bartlett School of Architecture. Her interest in collective memory and spatial arrangement arose during her undergraduate studies in Interior Design and evolved over more than seven years of professional experience. Specialising in hospitality projects across diverse cultural contexts – ranging from developed to underdeveloped countries, spanning from Europe to Southeast Asia – her work as an interior designer has informed her exploration of ‘interiority’ as an urban quality. This professional background has been instrumental in shaping her research interests to challenge conventional boundaries and conceptions of interiors through a socio-spatial approach.

Te-Chen Lu (Paiwan name: Cadaq) was born in Taipei. Holding an MA in Architectural History from UCL and a BArch from NTUST, he is currently a PhD candidate in Architectural and Urban History & Theory (jointly funded by the Taiwan Government Scholarship and the British Museum’s Endangered Material Knowledge Programme). His research interests include architectural

anthropology, indigenous architectural history, body techniques/experience, and milieu. TeChen is also a photographer and documentary filmmaker who has consistently carried out thematic series on the social life of the built environment worldwide since 2012.

Mengdi Mao is an architectural and landscape designer, currently a PhD candidate and Postgraduate Teaching Assistant at The Bartlett School of Architecture. She holds a BSc in Landscape Architecture and later completed an MSc in Landscape Urbanism at The Architectural Association (AA). In 2022, she received an MArch in Design for Manufacture from The Bartlett School of Architecture. In the same year, she was featured on The BBC1 programme Countryfile, discussing her master’s graduation project ‘The Flimwell Kiln’. Her research interests include digital fabrication, stereotomy, dry-fit masonry and topological interlocking assemblies.

Merve Okkali Alsavada is an architect and PhD researcher in the Space Syntax Lab at The Bartlett School of Architecture, where she is also a Post-Graduate Teaching Assistant. Her research explores computational and data-driven approaches to analysing cities, focusing on the impact of waterways through multi-layered urban network modelling and configurational analysis. Previously, Merve worked as a research assistant in Türkiye, tutoring Architectural Design Studios and collaborating with urban planning and computer science experts on exploring spatial dynamics of urban environments. She holds an MRes from The Bartlett and an MArch and BArch from Middle East Technical University, Türkiye. Her research is funded by the Ministry of National Education, Republic of Türkiye.

Daniel Ovalle Costal is an architect trained between Spain and the UK. He works as a sole practitioner in London, where he has led projects across many sectors while working for WilkinsonEyre and Acme. He is also an Associate Professor (Teaching) at The Bartlett School of

Architecture, where he is Admissions Director and co-runs Unit PG22 in the Architecture MArch (ARB/RIBA Part 2) programme with Professor Izaskun Chinchilla. Daniel’s research interests focus on the intersection of architectural design, domesticity and queer studies. He has a special interest in forms of making that relate to popular culture, including dollhouses, paper theatres and pop-up books.

Feysa Poetry is a PhD candidate at The Bartlett School of Architecture, where she also obtained her MA in Historic Architecture and Urban Environments. Her research interests include contemporary heritage, community engagement and museum-making that centre around postcolonial knowledge production. Her project involves establishing and directing a community-based museum that voices the role of women in safeguarding their heritage through domestic practices in the port town of Lasem, Java. Working alongside the Lasem Heritage Foundation, both she and the museum are funded by the Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education Agency (LPDP).

Elly Selby is an interdisciplinary scholar, educator, and practitioner. She is a PhD candidate in Architecture & Digital Theory at The Bartlett School of Architecture, where her research explores the influence of computation on authorship in architectural and artistic production, from the mid-20th century emergence of early artificial intelligence to contemporary generative technologies. She teaches on several programmes at University College London, including Cinematic and Videogame Architecture MArch, Architecture and Interdisciplinary Studies BSc, and Engineering & Education MSc. Elly holds an MArch and BA in Architectural Studies from the University of Toronto, and has practised architecture in Canada and Italy.

Ben Spong is an architect at Studio C102 and a lecturer based in London. He co-runs Unit PG23 (MArch Architecture), Unit 6 (BSc Architecture) and a unit on the Design for Manufacture programme at The Bartlett School of Architecture, where he is also undertaking a PhD in Architectural Design. His research-based design practice is interested in engaging and maintaining uncertainty across architectural production. He draws on the relationship between digital design and experimental fabrication methods, making objects that act as probes and mediators between otherwise incommensurable forms of knowledge and reality.

Eric Wong was nominated for the RIBA President’s Silver Medal and is a recipient of The Bartlett School of Architecture Medal, the Sir Banister Fletcher Medal, and the Fitzroy Robinson Drawing Prize. His work has been widely published and exhibited, from the RIBA Journal, Architects’ Journal, Blueprint Magazine, VICE, through to the Design Museum, World Architecture Festival and the Sir John Soane Museum. Eric is a qualified architect and a senior lecturer who has taught at The Bartlett School of Architecture and the University of Greenwich at undergraduate and postgraduate level, respectively. He has also worked with Oscar-nominated Director Mamoru Hosoda as the production designer for the animated feature film Belle

Credits

Supervisors of current MPhil/PhD students

Dr Allen Abramson (UCL Anthropology), Dr Ed Bains (UCL Institute of Education), Professor Robert Biel (Bartlett), Professor Peter Bishop (Bartlett), Professor Iain Borden (Bartlett), Dr Roberto Bottazzi (Bartlett), Professor Eva Branscome (Bartlett), Professor Ben Campkin (Bartlett), Professor Brent Carnell (Bartlett), Professor Mario Carpo (Bartlett), Professor Nat Chard (Bartlett), Professor Marjan Colletti (Bartlett), Dr Ludovic Coupaye (UCL Anthropology), Professor Marcos Cruz (Bartlett), Professor Edward Denison (Bartlett), Professor Ava Fatah gen. Schieck (Bartlett), Professor Murray Fraser (Bartlett), Professor Stephen Gage (Bartlett), Dr Stylianos Giamarelos (Bartlett), Dr Jane Gilbert (UCL School of European Languages, Culture and Society), Dr Liza Griffin (Bartlett), Dr Sam Griffiths (Bartlett), Dr Kostas Grigoriadis (Bartlett), Peter Guillery (Bartlett), Professor Sean Hanna (Bartlett), Professor Penelope Haralambidou (Bartlett), Professor Neil Heyde (Royal Academy of Music), Professor Andy Hudson-Smith (Bartlett), Dr Rebecca Jennings (UCL History), Professor Simon Julier (UCL Computer Science), Professor Kayvan Karimi (Bartlett), Dr Jan Kattein (Bartlett), Dr Kimon Krenz (Bartlett), Professor Susanne Kuechler (UCL Anthropology), Dr Stephen Law (UCL Geography), Dr Guan Lee (Bartlett), Dr Chris Leung (Bartlett), Dr Barbara Lipietz (Bartlett),

Professor Yeoryia Manolopoulou (Bartlett), Professor Nicolai Marquardt (UCL Computer Science), Dr Juliana Martins (Bartlett), Peter McLennan (Bartlett), Professor Clare Melhuish (UCL Urban Lab), Professor Mark Miodownik (UCL Mechanical Engineering), Professor Mehran Moazen (UCL Mechanical Engineering), Professor Sharon Morris (Slade), Dr Michal Murawski (School of Slavonic and East European Studies), Dr Shaun Murray (Bartlett), Dr Brenda Parker (UCL Biochemical Engineering), Dr Claudia Pasquero (Bartlett), Dr Luke Pearson (Bartlett), Professor Alan Penn (Bartlett), Professor Barbara Penner (Bartlett), Professor Sophia Psarra (Bartlett), Dr Caroline Rabourdin (University of Greenwich), Professor Peg Rawes (Bartlett), Professor Jane Rendell (Bartlett), Dr David Roberts (Bartlett), Dr Daniela Romano (UCL Information Studies), Professor Kerstin Sailer (Bartlett), Dr Pablo Sendra (Bartlett), Dr Tania Sengupta (Bartlett), Professor Bob Sheil (Bartlett), Professor Mark Smout (Bartlett), Professor Philip Steadman (Bartlett), Dr Dean Sully (UCL Institute of Archaeology), Colin Thom (Bartlett), Dr Tasos Varoudis (Bartlett), Professor Laura Vaughan (Bartlett), Dr Nina Vollenbröker (Bartlett), Professor Tim Waterman (Bartlett), Professor Duncan Wilson (Bartlett), Dr Robin Wilson (Bartlett), Oliver Wilton (Bartlett), Dr Filipa Wunderlich (Bartlett), Dr Fiona Zisch (Bartlett), Dr Stamatis Zografos (Bartlett).

Current Architectural Design MPhil/PhD students

Sarah Akigbogun, Lena Asai, Sarah Aziz, Richard Beckett, Laurence Blackwell-Thale, Jessica

Buckle, William Victor Camilleri, Niccolo Casas, Jingwen Chen, Xiaowen Fu, Naomi Gibson, Beatriz Gomes-Martin, Felix Graf, Jessica In, Nikoletta Karastathi, Tanjina Khan, Paul King, Mike Kwok, Dionysia Kypraiou, Alexandra Lacatusu, Yuxing Liu, Rebecca Loewen, Elin Eyborg Lund, Mengdi Mao, Luke Marriot, EmmaKate Matthews, Nyima Murry, Giles Nartey, Aisling O’Carroll, Daniel Ovalle Costal, Annarita Papeschi, Thomas Parker, Matthew Poon, Zoe Quick, Sayan Skandarajah, Elin Söderberg, Ben Spong, Jonathan Tyrrell, Jocelyn Wang, Stuart Watson, Hangchuan Wei, Anna Wild, Henrietta Williams, Eric Wong, Sandra Youkhana, Nona Zakoyan.

Current Architectural and Urban History & Theory MPhil/PhD students

Omar Abolnaga, Yahia Abulfadl, Alena Agafonova, Atheer Al Mulla, Fawzeyah Alsabah, Vasileios Aronidis, Oliver Brax, Thomas Callan, Paola Camasso, Yichuan Chen, Mollie Claypool, Isabelle Donetch, James Dunbar, Olivia Duncan, Kirti Durelle, Christiane Felber, Stephannie Fell, Kivilcim Göksu Toprak, Aylin Gürel, Rían Kearney, Adarsh Lanka, Hanchun Li, Xiuzheng Li, Zijiao Li, Yiming Liu, Te-Chen Lu, Duy Mac, Guy MannesAbbott, Ana Mayoral Moratilla, Deníz Ozbek Kocak, Feysa Amalia Poetry, Patricia Rodrigues Ferreira da Silva, Petra Seitz, Divya Shah, Xinyue Tian, Maria Venegas Raba, Katerina Zacharopoulou.

Current Architectural Space & Computation MPhil/PhD students

Victoria Barker, Busra Berber, Constance Desenfant, Lubaba Fakeih, Seyedehmona Ghoreshinejad, Demin Hu, Abdulkadir Kacan, Efstathia Kostopoulou, Lian Lei, Pou Wai Lei, Marc Levinson, Feinan Li, Chenyang Li, Tairan Li, Pham Vu Hoang Linh, Velina Mirincheva, Besnik Murati, Merve Okkali Alsavada, Duygu Ozden, Stamatios Psarras, Mine Sak Acur, Yichang Sun,

Anna Talvi, Nikolaus von Rönne, Bek Wa Goro, Chunling Wu, Sepehr Zhand, Yancheng Zhu.

Current Architecture & Digital Theory MPhil/ PhD students

Zahira El Nazer, Alberto Fernández González, Mark Garcia, Thomas Holberton, Melih Kamaoğlu, Elly Selby, Meng Xia.

Current Architectural Practice MPhil/PhD students

Tumpa Husna Yasmin Fellows, James Tait, Aymee Thorne Clarke.

Submitted and/or completed doctorates in 2024

Wafa Al-Ghatam, Olivier Bellflamme, Jhono Bennett, Liam Bolton, Sebastian Buser, Po-Nien Chen, Pol Esteve, Fernando P. Ferreira, Clemency Gibbs, Emma Gribble, Danielle Hewitt, William Huang, Yuhan Ji, Xiaoming Li, Irene Manzini Ceinar, Hamish Muir, Thi Phuong-Tram Nguyen, Tom Ó Caollaí, Eduardo Rico Carranza, Diana Paola Salazar Morales, Alexandru Senciuc, Ramandeep Shergill, Wiltrud Simbürger, Sé Tunnacliffe, Xiaoduo Xu, Dingyi Wei.

This catalogue has been produced to accompany PhD Research Projects 2025, the nineteenth annual conference devoted to doctoral research at The Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL, 25 February 2025.

Edited by Stylianos Giamarelos, Nyima Murry and Alberto Fernández González.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanic, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the publisher. www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk