Our tolerance forest

Peaceful Horizons – C.O.M.P.A.S.S.

Our Tolerance Forest In Theory

Mythology The tree has always been of powerful symbolism. As a symbol, it is represented in many religions and philosophies as a source of intellect and cognition. The myths of nearly all nations and religions deal with the tree as an important issue.  Depictions of world trees are found in the art and mythological traditions of indigenous cultures of the Americas.  The tree cults of Roman antiquity result from the belief that the roots of trees hold the earth.  The most important tree of Christianity can be found in the Old Testament: the Tree of Knowledge. The tree is called the symbol of life, the laws and the creation.  Islam recognizes a close connection between tree and life. According to the Koran, the date palm has a special relationship with life.  Medieval Greek folk traditions and more recent folklore claim that the tree that holds the Earth is being sawed by Kallikantzaroi (commonly translated as goblins).  The profound significance of the tree already appears in the Old Norse Prose "Edda".  The name of the Celtic priests, called Druids, refers to the oak tree. It ea s the o e who is o pete t i oaks .  The religious or cultural relevance is also evident in Asian Buddhism and Hinduism.

The sacred tree is often seen as a symbol for the eternal life, as the guardian of wisdom, as protection and source of strength.

Planting our Tolerance Forest – good intentions!

France

Castanea sativa Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The chestnut group is a genus of eight or nine species of deciduous trees and shrubs in the beech family Fagaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. European species of chestnut trees are rather fast-growing and can reach a height of around 30 m.

In France, the chestnut is present in nature in Midi-Pyrenees, Corsica, Ardèche (Cevennes), in the southern Alps, the Massif des Maures, the Eastern Pyrenees, Limousin (which is an emblem, being shown in the logo of the Regional Council), in Auvergne, in Normandy and Brittany. It is rare in the North and the North East but relatively abundant in the northern Vosges.

The leaves are simple, ovate or lanceolate, 10–30 cm long and 4–10 cm wide, with sharply pointed, widely spaced teeth, and shallow rounded sinuates between. The flowers follow the leaves, appearing in late spring or early summer. They are arranged in long catkins. Chestnut flowers are not self-compatible, so two trees are required for pollination. All Castanea species readily hybridize with each other. The fruit is contained in a very sharp cupule 5–11 cm in diameter, also called "bur".

Around the time the fruits reach maturity, the burrs turn yellow-brown and split open in two or four sections. Usually the burs contain one fruit Castanea grows best in a soil with good drainage and adequate moisture, it does not like shallow or heavy soils. The chestnut likes the sunlight or at least half shade.

Sensitive to spring frost, it needs heat in summer and water in September.

The chestnut is noted for attracting wildlife. The nuts are an important food for jays, pigeons, wild boar, deer, and squirrels.

The name comes from Latin castanea, itself derived from the Greek kastanon. This name would refer to Kastanon, a city of Thessaly renowned in antiquity for the quality of chestnuts that are harvested.

French Guiana

Bambuseae Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bamboos are flowering perennial evergreen plants in the grass family Poaceae. They are native to the tropics and subtropics of the New and Old World.

Bamboos are some of the fastest-growing plants in the world. Certain species of bamboo can grow 35 inches within a 24-hour period, at a rate of 3 cm/h (a growth of approximately 1 millimeter (or 0.02 inches) every 2 minutes).

In bamboos, the nodal regions of the stem are hollow which makes the plant very flexible. Not all of those nodes develop into branches, but some do. This makes bamboo one of the few grasses that have a branch structure.

The wood stubble, rich in silica, is very hard and very resistant.

The bamboo leave is clearly cut, makes rather unique in monocots, among Poaceae. Flowering has particular characteristics, it is not regular and can space several decades. It may occur simultaneously throughout a region or even worldwide, regardless of the age of the plant.

Bambuseae can be used as an ornamental plant, but also as building material, a food source, and as a versatile raw product. Bamboo has a higher compressive strength than wood, brick or concrete and a tensile strength that rivals steel.

You find the species Bambusa vulgaris on various walking paths on the Cayenne peninsula, e.g. from Montabo to Cayenne, Montjoly to Rorota or even along the Route des Plages in Remire-Montjoly.

Germany

Salix caprea – Willow tree Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Salix caprea (goat willow), also known as the pussy willow, is a common species of willow which is native to Europe and grows in lowland regions.

This willow is a shrub or small tree which can reach a height of 3–8 m. The leaves are 3-12 cm long and from 2-8 cm wide, broader than those of most other willows. The leaves rotate around the branch at 144 ° each, which means that every 5th leaf has the same direction.

Flowering starts already very early in the spring, usually in March. The flowers are soft and silky, and silvery, 3-7-cm-long catkins are produced in early spring before the new leaves appear; the male and female catkins are on different plants (dioecious). The male catkins mature yellow at pollen release, the female catkins mature pale green. The fruit is a small capsule, 510 mm long, which contains numerous seeds. The seeds are very small (about 0.2 mm) embedded in fine, cottony hairs which makes germination on bare soil easier.

The willow tree occurs in wet environments, such as riverbanks and lake shores, and in drier sites, wherever bare soil becomes available due to ground disturbance.

Along with the oak the goat willow is the most important plant for the local butterfly fauna. Especially in early spring the willow offers an important food source to hibernating butterflies.

The scientific name and the common name goat willow, probably derive from the first known illustration of the species in Hieronymus Bock´s herbal book from 1546, where the plant is shown being grazed by a goat.

Greece

Olea europaea Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The olive tree, Olea europaea, is an evergreen tree or shrub native to the coastal areas of the Mediterranean and Asia Minor. Since the 4th millennium BC it has been cultivated as a crop. The Ancient Greeks were farming it and spread the trees to the western part of the Mediterranean.

The olive tree is richly branched andreaches heights of 10 to 20 meters. The olive tree takes a long time to grow, but can become several hundred years old. The Wild Olive tree or shrub grows up to a height of 8–15 m and has thorny branches.

The leaves are opposite, 4–10 cm long and 1–3 cm wide. They are of a dark greyish-green color above and pale with whitish scales below.

Depending on the area, olive trees blossom from late April to early June. The small white flowers, with calyx and corolla divided into four parts, two stamens and bifid stigma, are mostly on the last year's wood, in racemes which come up from the axils of the leaves.

The fruit is a small drupe 1–2 cm long, thinner-fleshed and smaller in wild plants than in orchard cultivars. Olives are harvested in the green to purple stage. After about 20 years an olive tree is most profitable.

Olive trees like soil with lots of chalk in it. They grow best on limestone slopes and crags in coastal climate.

The extraction of olive oil, which has significant health effects, is economically the most important use, but also the green and black fruits are traded. The wood is used for furniture, kitchen appliances and other consumer goods.

Italy

Capsicum Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The genus Capsicum, also known as chili, peppers or hot peppers, belongs to the nightshade family (Solanaceae). Its species are native to the Americas, where they have been cultivated for thousands of years. Nowadays, the plants are grown in tropical and temperate areas worldwide. By growing in greenhouses, a longer growing season is reached. It is used in many regional cuisines worldwide.

The fruit of Capsicum plants have a variety of names depending on place and type and which characterize the differences in sharpness, size and even color.

The most common type, which includes almost all in Europe available peppers, hot peppers and chillies is Capsicum annuum.

The plants are up to 150 cm high and grow as a bushy shrub, mostly stretched upward. Near the roots, the plants become woody. The leaves are pointed forward, between 5 and 25 cm long and 3-15 cm wide.

Many chili flowers are white, but there are also purple and yellow flowering varieties. The flowers of the Capsicum annuum mostly grow separately from the branches of the stem. The number of petals varies between four and eight and more.

The Cu a elle type of hilies is origi ally fro Italy. I Italy it s alled Friarelli . The Cu a elle is o sidered a sweet pepper, although its heat a range from mild to moderate. Cubanelles are usually picked before they ripen, while they are a yellowish-green color, but when ripe, they turn bright red. They are usually about 4-6 inches long, 2 inches wide, and bananashaped, tapering near the bottom. In Italy, they are added to casseroles and pizzas.

Poland

Corylus avellana Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The hazel is native to Europe and Asia Minor, and very often in Central Europe. Hazel trees are known for their edible fruits, the hazelnuts, used by humans for millennia.

Hazels are in most cases single-stemmed trees, which shed their leaves in winter. They can also grow as 3 to 15 m high bushes. Hazel usually branches into a number of branches, without a main stem form, the trunks and branches are rotating around.

The young branches differ in long and short shoots. Hazels have simple, rounded leaves. They are in two rows on both the long and the short shoots.

The leaves are 4 to 12 cm long and 3.5 to 12cm wide, it is thin, and the bottom is usually finely hairy.

The flowers are produced very early in spring before the leaves, and are monoecious, with single-sex catkins, the male catkins are pale yellow and 5– 12 cm long, and the female ones are very small and largely concealed in the buds, with only the bright-red, 1-to-3 mm-long styles visible.

The fruits are nuts, 1–2.5 cm long and 1–2 cm diameter, surrounded by an involucre (husk) which partly to fully encloses the nut. The maturing of the hard-shelled nut is in September and October. It is yellowish and turns brown with maturity.

The hazelnut grows on forest edges, but also in form of hedges in wasteland.

You need nutrient-rich, loamy soil and lots of light.

For bees and bumble bees hazel pollen are a good pasture. In autumn, the nuts are a food source for squirrels and even mice. The flexible branches of hazel were formerly used for wattle.

Slovakia

Picea

The spruce (Picea) belongs to a genus of flowering plants in the family of the Pinaceae. Only the common spruce (Picea abies) is domestic in Central Europe. The genus Picea consists of about 35 species of coniferous evergreen trees, found in the northern temperate and boreal regions of the earth.

Spruces are large trees, about 20–60 metres tall when mature. The trunk has a diameter of 1 meter up to a maximum 2.5 meters. They are distinguished by their whorled branches and conical form.

The needles, or leaves, of spruce trees are attached singly to the branches in a spiral fashion, each needle on a small peg-like structure. The needles are shed when 4–10 years old, leaving the branches rough.

Generally, the spruce puts forth buds and flowers only every three to four years between May and June, in mountainous areas usually only every seven years. The one-centimeter male flowers appear singly at the tips of the branches of the previous year. The female flowers appear in cones.

The spruce provides an important timber for the construction of buildings for furniture and for musical Instruments.

The trees can reach an age of between 250 and 300 years, sometimes even up to 600 years. In Slovakia, 0,5% of all forests are old growth forest. WWF is supporting the identification and protection of these old growth forests.

The word spruce entered the English language from the Polish name of Prusy.

It was a generic term for commodities brought to England by Hanseatic merchants.

Spain

Quercus ilex Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The holm oak is a species of beech family (Fagaceae). Within the genus of oak (Quercus) this species belongs to the section of the oaks (Cerris). The holm oak is a medium-sized evergreen tree 5–20 metres, sometimes up to 28 meters tall, with a trunk diameter of up to 1.4 meters. The crown is broadly rounded and often multi-stemmed. Holm oaks can reach an age of 200 to 500 years. It grows in pure stands or mixed forest in the Mediterranean from Portugal to Italy and often at low or moderate elevations.

The leaves are leathery, dark green above and pale whitish-grey with dense short hairs below. The leaves are about 5 to 10 cm long; their shape is variable, depending on age and growing conditions.

The flowering period extends from April to May. The flowers are catkins, produced in the spring; the fruit is an acorn, maturing in about six months.

The bright green nut fruits are almost 2 cm long. Each acorn is enclosed to almost one half by fruit cups (Cupula). The nut fruits are dispersed by animals such as squirrels or Jay. The species plays an important role in the traditional stockbreeding on the Iberian Peninsula. The oak tree is grown in groves, dehesas in Spanish.

Animals graze on the trees in the fattening period, when the nut fruits have ripened. This form of feeding, among others the Iberian pig is decisive for taste, color and consistency of the meat, the Iberian ham e.g..

The wood is hard and tough, and has been used since ancient times for general construction purposes as pillars, waggons , vessels, also tools and wine casks. It is used as firewood, or in charcoal manufacturing.

The name ilex is originally the classical Latin name for the Holm Oak.

Lonicera periclymenum Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The common honeysuckle is a genus in the family Caprifoliaceae. The about 180 species are widely distributed in temperate areas of the northern hemisphere and widely spread over Europe. Their northernmost distribution areas are in southern Norway and in the southwestern Sweden. There are about 180 different species of honeysuckle, many of which are climbing plants that can grow up to 10 m long.

Many types of honeysuckles have bell-shaped flowers. The flowers are yellowish to white and stand sixth in whorls. The flower whorls sit on the upper leaves. In the evening, they give off a strong, fragrant scent and will attract hummingbirds and butterflies all summer long. The flowers make a sweet nectar that can be eaten. The flowering period is from June to September.

In autumn pea-sized fruits mature. The fruit is a red, blue or black berry that has several seeds. The berries of the common honeysuckles are poisonous, but most honeysuckle species are not poisonous.

The most common use is to allow Honeysuckle vines grow along a trellis, fence, arbor, or other framework, but Honeysuckle can also be grown as a ground cover or used for erosion control.

The vines will bloom heavily in spring and to some extent throughout the summer. A few have berries that are good to eat. They will provide nutrition for songbirds.

Honeysuckle plants prefer full sun, but will tolerate partial sun, and even some light, afternoon shade. Honeysuckle vines are easy to grow, vigorous, heat-tolerant, and nearly indestructible.

The name Lonicera refers to Adam Lonicer, a Renaissance botanist.

Turkey

Tilia Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Linden (Tilia) constitute a genus in the subfamily of tilioideae within the family of the mallow (Malvaceae). Trees of the genus Tilia are mainly distributed in temperate to subtropical areas.

Tilia species are mostly large, deciduous trees, reaching a height of 20 to 40 metres . Its trunk stands like a pillar and the branches divide and subdivide into numerous ramifications on which the twigs are fine and thick. In summer, numerous large leaves offer a pleasant protection from the sun when a deep shade is needed.

The leaves of all the Tilia species are asymmetrical, 6 to 20 centimetres wide and 3–8 cm long They are alternately arranged, and mostly hairless. They are heart-shaped and most The summer lime tree blooms from June to August. The tree produces fragrant and nectar-producing flowers, the medicinal herb lime blossom. They are very important honey plants for beekeepers. The flowers are also used for herbal teas and tinctures; this kind of use is particularly popular in Europe.

The spherical and fragile fruit is up to 8 mm in size.

Linden wood is commonly used for lightweight products and it was as the prime choice for the carvings in St. Paul's Cathedral and Windsor Castle, e.g.

The Tilia cordata, the winter lime, is the national tree of the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic.

Our Tolerance Forest The Value of Trees

Did you know?

http://www.grow-trees.com/why_trees/about_trees.aspx

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Trees filter our air and keep it fresh by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen.

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Tree roots stabilize the soil and prevent erosion.

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Trees improve water quality by slowing and filtering rain water as well as protect aquifers and watersheds.

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Trees are carbon sinks, accumulating carbon as they grow and acting as stable carbon stores upon maturity

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Three-quarters of the world's people rely on wood as their main source of energy.

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Thousands of things are made from trees such as furniture, books, newspapers, houses, hockey sticks, guitars, pencils, fences, milk cartons, even nail polish and toothpaste.

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Trees lower air temperature and induce rainfall by evaporating water from their leaves.

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Trees provide food, shade and shelter to humans and wildlife.

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Trees offer protection from the downward fall of rain, sleet and hail as well as reduce storm run-off and the possibility of flooding.

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Trees act as sound barriers to reduce noise pollution.

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Trees play a major role in helping to conserve the intensity of the Earth's magnetic field.

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Trees beautify the landscape.

Did you know?

Chestnut leaves are used to make a medicinal tea.

People take European chestnut for breathing problems including bronchitis and whooping cough; and for digestive tract disorders including diarrhea, bloody stools, nausea, and other stomach disorders.

Other uses include treatment of disorders affecting the legs and circulation, fever, infection, swelling, kidney disorders, muscle pain, a connective tissue disorder called sclerosis, and swelling of the lymph nodes due to tuberculosis infection.

People also use European chestnut as a gargle for sore throat. They sometimes apply it directly to the skin for treating wounds.

European chestnut contains chemicals called tannins that might help reduce skin swelling (inflammation) and have a drying (astringent) effect on the tissues.

Did you know?

In the nutritional department, bamboo shoots are good source of dietary fiber. Fiber has many benefits which help to prevent diabetes and heart disease. It also contains potassium, protein, riboflavin, manganese, copper, zinc, and vitamin B6.

Potassium is an important mineral of our body. Advantages of bamboo include its ability to control blood pressure due to the abundance of potassium. Copper helps with red blood cell formation, and manganese is important for a healthy bone structure.

Bamboo shoots are good for the stomach and can cure mild symptoms like indigestion and diarrhea. Health benefits of bamboo include treating wounds due to its antibacterial properties. Bamboo shoots are low in fat and cholesterol. Vitamin B6 helps in maintaining a healthy brain and nerve function.

Studies have indicated that consuming bamboo shoots can reduce cholesterol and thus, ensure a healthier life.

Did you know?

This plant is used in treating feverish diseases, chills, ague, pain, inflammations, neuralgia, headaches, gout, and rheumatic ailments or arthritic joints.

Willow bark extracts are part of numerous proprietary medicinal phytotherapy and helps when you suffer from pain and rheumatism. Its effects are sedative and stomachic. Willow bark contains salicylic acid derivatives (salicylates), caffeic acid derivatives and flavonoids.

The fresh bark of all members of this genus contains salicin, which probably decomposes into salicylic acid, which is closely related to aspirin, in the human body.

This is used as an anodyne and febrifuge.

A decoction of the leaves is used in the treatment of fevers. The ashes of the wood are useful in the treatment of haemoptysis. The stems and the leaves are astringent.

A gum and the juice of the trees are used to increase visual powers.

Did you know?

Olives and their oil are rich in Vitamin E, iron, copper, dietary fibre and the good mono-unsaturated fats. The leaves are full of bioflavonoids and have potent antioxidant properties. Studies have shown that the leaves can help with arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat) and have antimicrobial properties.

Olives, olive oil and olive leaves are very much a part of the Mediterranean diet, and modern medical research has shown that they are all beneficial to our health. Eating olives or olive oil can help prevent wrinkles, and slow the aging process, can help stop hot flushes in menopausal women, combat the ravages of alcohol, prevent dandruff, make the hair shiny and healthy, prevent dry skin and acne, stop muscles aching, lower blood pressure and strengthen nails. In traditional medicine, the olive tree leaves are used against high blood pressure, gout, arteriosclerosis and rheumatism.

The oil from the fruit and seeds, water extracts of the fruit, and the leaves, all is used to make medicine.

Did you know?

Both sweet and hot peppers are great sources of vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin K, ita i B6, choli e as ell as foliate. They’re also packed ith potassiu , calciu , magnesium and phosphorus and therefore are an excellent source of fiber. It is said that Peperone stimulates the circulatory and digestive systems.

The fruit of most species of Capsicum contains capsaicin, a lipophilic chemical that can produce a strong burning sensation. Capsaicin is used in modern medicine as a circulatory stimulant and analgesic.

Capsaicin is used for external application as a cream, ointment and patch. Indications are muscle pain and muscle tension. Capsaicin is used as an analgesic in topical ointments, nasal sprays, and dermal patches to relieve pain. It may be applied in cream form for the temporary relief of minor aches and pains of muscles and joints associated with arthritis, backache, strains and sprains. Capsaicin helps headache, relieves gastric disorders and burns fat. Sweet and also hot peppers include phytochemicals, that really help decrease free-radicals and lower the chance of heart disease.

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Did you know ?

It has been proven that nuts from hazel trees are brain food. They have double the protein and good fats of the same amount of eggs. The next time you are trying to write and run into a block, snack on a few hazelnuts and see if you feel a bit more creative.

Hazelnuts (raw, roasted, or ground into a paste) are used as a dietary source of protein and minerals. Besides the protein, hazelnuts are good sources of vitamin E, calcium, magnesium, and potassium, unsaturated fatty acids, and linolenic acid.

If you have a stubborn cough grind some nuts into a fine powder. Mix the powder with water and honey. Your cough should go away quickly.

Witch hazel is an astringent. It has various medicinal uses. It is made from the leaves and bark of the witch hazel bush.

Tea made from hazel trees treats varicose veins, fevers, excessive menstrual flow, circulatory problems, and diarrhea.

Did you know?

The spruce is considered stimulating, antibacterial, sedative, expectorant, diaphoretic and tonic and finds its application in many areas, e.g. when you suffer from a sore throat, cough, asthma, Catarrh, bronchitis, Sinusitis, muscle aches, nervous heart complaints or insomnia.

Pine needle oil is a herbal medicinal product that is externally used to treat muscle and joint pain.

A tea, made by using young shoots and taken warm, promotes perspiration and reduces fevers. It is helpful for coughs, catarrh, and influenza. For bronchitis you can try a vapor bath of young shoots. Either the shoots or needles can make calming additive to baths.

Energetically, evergreens are super appropriate to use as medicine throughout the winter. Although most of the trees have lost their leaves by now, evergreens remain green, showing us that nature lives all year long.

Did you know ?

The astringent effects of the Oak were well known to the Ancients, by whom different parts of the tree were used, but it is the bark which is now employed in medicine. Its action is slightly tonic, strongly astringent and antiseptic. It has a strong astringent bitter taste, and its qualities are extracted both by water and spirit.

Oak bark is classified as a traditional herbal medicine. The acorns and bark of the common oak contain bitterns and tannins that generally astringent, antibacterial and antiviral. Oak bark also contains flavonoids where an anti-inflammatory effect is attributed. Oak bark has been taken internally for the symptomatic treatment of mild diarrhoea, and it is externally applied for mild inflammations of the skin and mucous membranes.

Oak bark extract is used for medicinal baths and external envelopes for healing skin inflammation and skin disorders and skin injuries of all kinds. Bark tea is also used as a mouthwash. It is a good substitute for Quinine in intermittent fever, especially when given with Chamomile flowers.

Did you know ?

Honeysuckle) is considered one of the 50 fundamental herbs in Chinese herbology. They use the flowers to reduce inflammation, fever and heat cases of acute respiratory infection and common colds, inflammations of skin, gastrointestinal tract, and rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis.

In TCM, honeysuckle is used in combination with Chrysanthemum flowers to lower high blood pressure. In combination with Forsythia fruit, honeysuckle makes an effective remedy against the common cold. Honeysuckle is a very useful plant which can e.g. reduce fever and heat in the body and helps when you have a sore throat or headaches.

It can clear congestion and cuts that have become infected.

Honeysuckle is not intended for long-term use. While the flowers are low in toxicity, the fruits, leaves, and stems are more toxic. Symptoms of poisoning include extreme tiredness, drowsiness, dilated pupils, and photosensitivity.

Keep in mind: Do not eat the red berries!!!

Did you know ?

Linden is a herb which has been used in European folk medicine for centuries to treat a wide range of health problems. The leaves and flowers of the linden tree are high in antioxidants.

Flowers from two linden species were historically used to soothe nerves and treat health problems associated with anxiety. The flowers contain sugar, gallic acids and other organic acids, all of which give the plant its characteristic qualities.

Linden flowers are the dried inflorescences of lime trees. They contain, among other mucilage, flavonoids and volatile, essential oils. The herbal remedy sweaty and soothing properties are traditionally attributed and it is used as a tea, among others, for colds, flu and inflammation of the mouth and throat. Active ingredients in linden help promote sweating, which may help treat people with fevers. Even migraines and cardiovascular complaints can be relieved with tea made from linden flowers.

Today, linden is used in many cough and cold remedies, and medical use is recognized for colds and related dry coughs.

Mythology and Tree Symbolism

The Chestnut tree is symbolic for a very long life and the ability to attune to and receive ancient wisdom.

The Bamboo Tree stands for freedom of spirit, regeneration, renewal and flexibility.

The Willow Tree symbolizes fulfilling wishes of the heart; learning from the past, inner visions and dreams.

The Olive Tree is a legendary symbol of health and well-being, the olive branch is legendary for being a symbol pf peace.

The Pepper Plant is a symbol for good luck, prosperity, love and loyalty.

The Hazel Tree represents hidden wisdom, creativity and inspiration.

The Spruce Tree is a symbol of nobility, generosity and peace.

The Oak Tree is a symbol of courage, power and fidelity.

The Honeysuckle stands for following one's path, as a twisting vine, and attracting sweetness in life.

The Linden Tree is a symbol of peace, truth and justice.

Sources and Links – Part 1 General https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Trees_of_Europe https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_trees http://www.european-trees.com/ http://www.efi.int/portal/virtual_library/information_services/mapping_services/tree_species_maps_for_european_forests http://forestry.about.com/od/treephysiology/tp/tree_value.htm http://www.thesanguineroot.com/?p=1691 Pictures http://wallpaperswa.com/thumbnails/detail/20120413/landscapes%20nature%20trees%20photography%20sunlight%20roa ds%201920x1080%20wallpaper_www.wallpaperwa.com_52.jpg France http://i88.servimg.com/u/f88/14/18/92/14/castan11.jpg http://www.waldwissen.net/dossiers/wsl_dossier_kastanien/wsl_dossier_kastanien_fruechte http://www.uv.es/jgpausas/medtrees/kohler/Castanea_sativa.jpg French Guiana http://delaunay-kourou.over-blog.com/2014/12/le-bambou-en-guyane-bambusa-vulgaris.html http://lexikon.freenet.de/Bambus http://plantillustrations.org/ILLUSTRATIONS_HD/3536.jpg Germany https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Salix_caprea8.jpg/258px-Salix_caprea8.jpg http://cdns2.freepik.com/fotos-kostenlos/_121-67658.jpg https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Illustration_Salix_caprea0.jpg/254pxIllustration_Salix_caprea0.jpg Greece http://de.travello.com/f/p/2011/03/09/40071.m.jpg https://bhranch.files.wordpress.com/2009/10/branch21.jpg http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/o/olive-06-l.jpg Italy http://www.spicegarden.eu/Samen-ital-Peperoncino-Capsicum-annuum https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/19/0c/5c/190c5ce31c7fb9444b5b978b4502443a.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum Poland http://images.fotocommunity.de/bilder/baeume/blatt-bluete/die-haselnuss-57cdc54e-9158-442c-9b08-8fcc43fdf45a.jpg http://www.eggert-baumschulen.de/images/product_images/popup_images/263_10_Corylus-avellana-Haselnuss.jpg http://www.thegardenhelper.com/honeysucklecare.html Slovakia http://www.lutherie.net/picea.abies.old.illustration.jpg http://www.gartenweb.de/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/fichtenzapfen.jpg http://www.paradisi.de/images_themen/1/1008_0.jpg http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/search_wwf_news/?215490/A-forest-with-a-430-year-old-spruce-is-now-protectedin-Slovakia Spain http://www.darvillsrareprints.com/Images/images/FamiliarTrees/holmleaves.jpg http://www.fotoreiseberichte.de/extremadura/fotos/pflanzen/pflanzenextr017agr.jpg https://foragersyear.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/01_acorn_green.jpg Sweden https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcStNerydCTtv-l5vEsu2uHNXq3-gCa1yLXiQsDtebQ8YlgBe7pw http://www.botanikus.de/Beeren/Heckenkirsche_kl.jpg http://41.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_m22086ZwEL1qgzqeto1_1280.jpg Turkey https://www.flickr.com/photos/leibolmai/5929879448 by leibolmai http://bugwoodcloud.org/images/768x512/1379043.jpg http://www.forestryimages.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=1379043

Sources and Links - Part 2 Chestnut Tree http://lejardindejoeliah.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/chataignierenfleur.jpg http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-520- european%20chestnut.aspx Bamboo http://latina-press.com/media/2012/04/bambus.jpg http://www.home-remedies-for-you.com/herbs/bamboo-herb.html Willow Tree https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Salix_caprea_035.jpg/800pxSalix_caprea_035.jpg By Willow http://medicinalherbinfo.org/herbs/Willow.html http://practicalplants.org/wiki/Salix_caprea Olive Tree http://www.olivenoelcreme.de/fotos/olivenbaum_400.jpg http://herbs-treatandtaste.blogspot.de/2011/01/olive-tree-medicinal-benefits-of-olive.htm http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-233-olive.aspx Pepper Plant http://farmflavor.com/wp-content/uploads/tnhomeandfarm/uploads/2007/06/10607SUB0731-500x333.jpg http://www.healthbenefitstimes.com/healthy-benefits-of-hot-peppers/ http://www.herbgarden.co.za/mountainherb/herbinfo.php?id=419 Hazel Tree http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-kwmoWgCXu0k/UPcZzDzhNFI/AAAAAAAAETo/FAcOm_BkTDc/s1600/hazelhut12.jpg Source: http://www.nc-mag.com/2013/11/the-magic-of-hazel-tree.html Spruce https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Picea_abies_11_ies.jpg/640pxPicea_abies_11_ies.jpg by Frank Vincentz http://medicinalherbinfo.org/herbs/Spruce.html http://www.koop-phyto.org/en/medicinal-plants/spruce.php http://www.herbgeek.com/winter-medicine-evergreen-syrup/ Holm Oak http://cincojotas.com/themagazine/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/19.jpg http://www.koop-phyto.org/en/medicinal-plants/oak.php http://www.garten-treffpunkt.de/lexikon/eichen.aspx Honeysuckle https://blogyvonne.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/img_5135.jpg http://www.anniesremedy.com/herb_detail359.php s.a.: http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-512-honeysuckle.aspx Linden Tree http://www.altiusdirectory.com/Shopping/tree-images/silver-linden.jpg http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb/linden http://www.pharmawiki.ch/wiki/index.php?wiki=Linde http://www.home-remedies-for-you.com/herbs/linden-tree.html Mythology and Symbolism http://betterglobe.com/Scripts/tiny_mce/plugins/imagemanager/files/images/donation/tree_present.jpg http://www.universeofsymbolism.com/tree-symbolism.html http://www.universeofsymbolism.com/tree-symbolism-page-two.html http://www.lifeasmyth.com/journal_planet_Trees.html http://www.ehow.com/facts_6754712_meaning-honeysuckle-flower_.html http://www.gardnerian.de/pflanzen/pepperoni.htm https://amazingpeopleeducation.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/gift-2.jpg http://www.icmosaics.com/_Media/tree_of_life_med.jpeg

Peaceful Horizons – C.O.M.P.A.S.S.

Participating teachers and schools: FRANCE

Mrs.Sandrine BOITIERE KILANI, Lycée Henri Bergson, Paris

FRENCH GUIANA

Mrs. Sandra MACABRE - Collège La Canopée, Matoury

GERMANY

Ms. Birgit DRUBE-BLOCK - Haupt- und Realschule Grasberg/Worpswede, Worpswede

GREECE

Mrs. Athanasia KRIKONI- 1o Gymnasio Palamas, Palamas Karditsa,

ITALY

Mrs. Giuseppa PICCOTTI - Scuola Secondaria I Grado "Mastro Giorgio", Gubbio

POLAND

Mrs. Katarzyna ŁASTAWIECKA - Fundacja Szkolna, Warszawa

SLOVAKIA

Mrs. Gabriela KRÍŽOVSKÁ - Základná škola s materskou školou, , Poprad

SPAIN

Miss Carmen LOZANO ACEDO - Colegio Nuestra Señora del Carmen, Badajoz

SWEDEN

Mrs. Zenita NORDBERG – Brattebergsskolan, Öckerö

TURKEY

Mr. Yasin SEVIM - Hasan Zeki Boz Anadolu Lisesi, Uşak

"The work presented in this document is supported by the European Union. The content of this document is the sole responsibility of the author and it does not represent the opinion of the European Union and the European Union is not responsible or liable for any use that might be made of information contained herein."