Bees for Development Journal Edition 29 - December 1993

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DECEMBER 1993

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INSIDE INFORMATION

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Prctica |

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dear Freuds

represented.

beekeping In September the 33rd International Apicultural

Apimondia Congress

Congress, organised by

Funding Funding 3 |

Beijing.

APIMONDIA,

APIMONDIA usually

took place in

organise a meeting

every two years but sadly the last one, which had

Notice Board

been planned for

!

..

Zooming in on Argentina

Yugoslavia, had

to be cancelled.

This year was therefore the first Congress for four

Look and Learn Ahead ... ...... 10

years and there was much to catch up with! This

|

.......

Bookshelf

12

edition of Beekeeping & Development inevitably

Subscriptions

14

carries much news from the Congress.

Letters to the Editor

14

: .

new President of this

Commission.

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for some years, but it to be elected

as the

APIMONDIA Standing

would like to thank all the country

representatives who voted for me and in that way

gave positive support initiatives

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to beekeeping development

regard it my duty to ensure that the

beekeeping problems of these countries receive more focused attention, and

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will endeavour to organise

more events beneficial to beekeepers in developing

countries.

This was also the first event at which our new

Nile

organisation Bees for Development was

15

APIMONDIA

came as a great honour for me

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tndex 1993

have served the Developing Countries’

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Commission at

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Iovadheaw.

BEES FOR DEVELOPMENT: THE Umi ANIS4)

heey

Bees for Development is here to help if you

Bees for Development depends upon

need assistance or information on any aspect of beekeeping in developing countries

support from beekeepers everywhere.

Bees for Development: e ®

e

e

You can help by e

provides information and advice; promotes beekeeping as a worthwhile and

sustainable rural activity. stimulates the use of appropriate technology; maintains an active network between interested people

subscribing to this journal, and encouraging your friends to do so; sponsoring an additional subscription:

e

sharing your expertise,

@

purchasing books from us;

*

sending us updates on information we publish

PROS |

Editor: Dr Nicola Bradbear.

Co-ordinator. Helen Jackson

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!

Produced and published by Bees for Development. Four editions of Beekeeping & Development are published every year in March, june, September and December.

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Dis

World Viswn Award for Development Initiate 1990

4000 copies of Beekeeping & Development are printed and distributed to individuals,

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projects, organisations and associations world-wide.

APIMONDIA IN

oo

BEWING

COR We are building a new and active beekeeping network and you are welcome to join We are interested to hear about techniques you have found useful, your events and activities. and news of interest or concern to

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|

LATEST BOOKS |

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other readers.

MEET INDEX

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ADVE ITS

1993

Apis mellifera sunflower Helianthus

foraging on a

annuus. +

ONT

WANLIN

Beekeeping & Development reach many readers in many countries.

Various sizes of advertisements are available. Write to us for rates.

Advertisements in

COVER PICTURE The western honeybee

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[

Details of how to subscribe are given on page fourteen.

Beekeepers living in financially poor and remote areas of the world receive Beekeeping & Development without payment through the generosity of sponsors.

FAO have sponsored the subscriptions of selected projects and institutes in developing countries.

Beekeeping & Development's production is assisted by World Vision UK. Beekeeping & Development is the official newsletter of the Asian Apicultural

Association,

Bees for Development, Troy, Monmouth, NP5 4AB, UK. Telephone: 010 44 (0)600 713648 Fax: 010 44 (0)600 716167

USING FLEXIBLE PIPES TO REMOVE BEES FROM INACCESSIBLE PLACES G F MacRobert, Zimbabwe A gardener was stung by bees when cutting grass near a stone wall in which there was a nest of bees. was asked to remove the bees and the owner hoped that would be able to do so without harming them. On inspection it was apparent that the nest was in an inaccessible cavity inside the wall which was 600 mm thick and built of large stones and mortar. The bees were using small holes in the mortar on both sides of the wall as entrances. To remove the colony I decided to use a method which I had read about but I had not tried before. |

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first thing to do was to obtain a short length of flexible plastic pipe about 50 mm in _

_

diameter and 1500 mm long. An old piece of pipe from a suction cleaner served the purpase very well A hole to receive one end of the pipe was made in a piece of wood. This was then fitted over the bee escape hole in the inner

cover of a Langstroth movable-frame hive. The hive so prepared, complete with a full set of frames with foundation wax, was then taken to

the site early one evening. As soon as all the foragers had returned to the hive some gentle puffs of smoke were applied to the flight holes and the flight hole selected for the transfer was enlarged, using hammer and chisel When a

the hole was sufficiently large, the free end of the pipe was inserted into It and sealed on the -

*

ide with mud. Similarly the other end of dipe, where it entered the hive, was sealed

around the outside to prevent bees escaping.

Bees which had been disturbed by the

hammering and had emerged through the other flight holes were driven back with smoke and these holes were then sealed off with mud

To protect the hive from rain a roof was placed over it, supported on bricks at the corners so

that the presence of the imported brood would encourage the queen to move over in due

course. After some two to three weeks of

The following day bees began to emerge from the hive entrance, having passed through the pipe and down through the hive The bees were left undisturbed for five days and then a

moved from the old nest to the hive. A bee

escape device was then inserted in the inner cover under the incoming end of the pipe and

come through to the hive, whilst at the same time preventing any bees from returning to the

old nest. To encourage brood rearing in the new hive several feeds of sugar syrup were given using a feeder fitted into the entrance of the hive.

Eventually the hive was moved to a bee house am glad to say that it is progressing well.

The gardener at the colony's original home is |

very happy that he can cut the grass without worrying about the bees

The method has also been used to remove

bees from an old 200 litre drum. Near the top of the drum was a hole being used by bees.

The hole was enlarged using a pair of tin snips

replaced one of the frames of foundation wax.

At this point it was observed that there was already a small cluster of bees in the hive, but

and the combs of a well-established nest could

It

was hoped

CEEPRACTICAL EEKEEPING

was left in place for three weeks to allow any remaining brood in the old nest to hatch and

good frame of sealed worker brood was taken from another colony, brushed free of bees, and transferred into the hive by the wall, where it

there was no sign of the queen.

MACROBERT

anxious waiting there was jubilation when, on inspecting the hive, the queen was observed and it seemed that most of the colony had

and

as to be above the incoming pipe.

Using the pipe method lv transfer bees front a wild nest ut ait old drum toa frame five

be seen inside. The “pipe method” was used again and proved successful with complete

recovery of the colony and queen.

Thikt

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BREREEPING

&

DEVELOPMENT

29

With this years’ venue in China there were particularly strong delegations from those Asian countries where many are involved with commercial beekeeping or research. The delegation from Thailand, of over 40 persons, thoughtfully provided a printed booklet introducing all the Thai participants!

The Congress was held on the outskirts of Beijing, in the complex originally built for the Asian Games in 1990, and it proved a good venue: large auditoria, meeting rooms, space for displays, restaurants and hotels all within walking distance.

Beijing provided a welcoming venue for September's APIMONDIA Congress.

APIMONDIA is the International Federation of Beekeepers’ Associations. The Congress attracts thousands of people because this is the largest meeting of its kind. It offers an unparalleled opportunity to meet colleagues in the beekeeping world; beekeepers, research scientists, honey traders, equipment manufacturers, and indeed many other interested persons.

L

Several thousand people from over 50 countries attended the Congress

National beekeeping associations can join the APIMONDIA Federation, and thus become Member Countries, with the right to vote at the Congress. Good news from this Congress is that delegates voted to reduce (to US$100 ) the joining fee for associations in developing countries

It was a seven day meeting. There were sessions where people presented reports of new research or beekeeping activities, there were formal and informal discussion meetings, visits to places of beekeeping interest, and social events.

Information was presented according to subject: bee biology, pathology, beekeeping economy and technology, beekeeping in developing countries, pollination, and apitherapy. For each subject there were oral and poster presentations, round table discussions and opportunities for resolutions to be passed In addition, individual groups organised their own meetings. For example, interested people met to discuss the control of honeybee disease in the Mediterranean basin.

There was much fresh information with new facts concerning the biology of the less wellknown honeybee species, and further discussion of exactly how many honeybee species exist: could Apis nigrocincta, honeybee found in Indonesia, be another separate a

spe2CleS37

The Chinese make use of all huve

products royal jelly. honey, pollen, propolis and

beeswax...

..and create a huge range of products.

eoltt

Queen exluders made from bamboo

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EE Pra. Frame hive beekeeping

is widely practised.

Here a colony is being used to produce royal jelly for harvest

Traditional log hives like

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hy,

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these are still used in some areas

We are very pleased to report that this journal was awarded a Bronze Medal at the Apimondia Congress. Not the Gold this time, but we are delighted - that only six months after we had to start

,

-

it independent production has continued to schedule ‘and has now been recognised by this award at Apimondia.

We look forward to continued |

Development (& Beekeeping) throughout 1994!

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New technology was described too, such as more simple apparatus for the instrumental

insemination of queen bees.

EXPO is the trade exhibition which accompanies the Congress. In Beijing this meant many stands displaying brightlypackaged royal jelly, and many other items containing royal jelly: with ginseng, with pollen, with bee extract. Such products mean important business for the Chinese: they harvest over 1000 tonnes of royal jelly every year, consume much of it themselves, and export around 400 tonnes to industrialised countries.

Colonies of western honeybees, Apis mellifera, were first introduced to China just under 100 Today 6 8 million

colonies of these bees form the mainstay of Chinese beekeeping and far outnumber the native hive bee, Apis cerana (25 million colonies).‘ The average annual yield from each Apis mellifera colony is about 30 kg, and in total almost ,000 tonnes of honey are produced each The Chinese beekeeping industry is skilled at marketing honey: it is sold not only as pure honey, but with specially branded honeys ‘for the aged’, ‘for the young’, ‘for sports players’ - these are all ways of selling more honey. Honey wine, honey beer, honey health drink and honey fruit juice are examples of ‘value added products which are widely promoted.

Delegates visited the Chinese Apicultural Research Institute where they watched royal jelly harvest in action. The Institute works on bee disease analysis and control, honey analysis, and pollination studies, and also assists the beekeeping industry developing new products and selecting strains of bees for years ago, in 1896.

'

particular purposes. Breeding programmes have selected honeybees which are particularly prolific royal jelly producers. colonies of strain HF 414, produce up to four kilograms of royal jelly per year. Strain HF 213 is a prolific honey producer.

Another visit was to Beijing Bee Products Company, a corporation which buys honey, royal jelly, propolis, beeswax and pollen, processes them for sale within China and also for export, and develops new products containing these basic commodities. The company operates at a profit of two million Yuan (US$330,000) per year.

The APIMONDIA Congress is very big: it is almost impossible to attend all the talks and to meet with everyone there. found the Congress to be stimulating and positive, happy and very friendly. It provided a remarkable opportunity to meet and talk with bee people from over 50 countries. The Chinese, emerging into more open nation, gave APIMONDIA a superb springboard for this truly international event - their welcoming hospitality and organisation of the Congress was outstanding. |

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The next

APIMONDIA Congress

Mr Ha from Vietnant wus

a medal!

will take place in

Lausanne, Switzerland in August 1995

Nicola Bradbear's participation in the Apimondia

Congress was made possible with support from the British Council

As

the end of the Congress approaches, bee researchers relax Here Dr Ingemar Fries,

Professor Raymond Borneck (President of Apimondia), Aasne Aarhus and Asger lorgensen entertain the crowd with

songs of “fees's diseases”

PEE Rte Mita,

FUNDING FOR RESEARCH If you need funding to do research then the

International Foundation for Science (IFS) may be willing to support you. non-governmental organisation with membership of 92 scientific academies and IFS is

a

e

be currently employed at a university or research institute in a developing country

e

be young (normally under 40) and at the beginning of their research career.

a

research councils in 79 countries. The

Secretariat of the Foundation is in Stockholm,

The proposed research must be. e e

Sweden e

IFS support enables researchers to

purchase equipment, supplies and literature Grants of up to US$12,000 are given, and can be renewed twice. e

e

e

IFS can arrange purchase and delivery of equipment on behalf of grantees.

IFS gives grantees the opportunity to attend regional workshops and training courses.

IFS awards supplementary travel funds to

grantees.

Between 1974 and 1992 IFS awarded grants to 2070 researchers in 92 countries. A list of IFS grants for bee and beekeeping-related research is given below

a

developing country

relevant to the needs of a developing

country e

specific project within the IFS areas which include animal production, crop science, agroforestry, food science, natural products and rural technology ona

Projects must be relevant to developing countries, and more research-orientated than a transfer of technology.

IFS looks favourably upon proposals which into account the management of natural

resources and environmental care. Projects with socio-economic aspects are also

considered.

HOW TO APPLY

REQUIREMENTS

IFS working languages are English and French, and enquiries are also welcome in Spanish.

To qualify for possible IFS funding an applicant must:

you fit the IFS requirements given above then write for an application form:

e

e

3

conducted in

be native to a developing country

—_[f

hold an academic degree (at least an MSc

IFS Secretariat, Grev Turegatan 19, S-114 38 Stockholm,

or equivalent)

Sweden

PUM DIN FOR

REE

GANT)

BP

PRES

oe

1992

Dr Adriana Alippi

Dynamics and control of American Foulbrood

1988

Dr Nestor Fernandez

Research on non-reproductive females of Varroa jacobsoni

Benin

1992

Mr Sénou Kokoye

A study of melliferous plants

Costa Rica

1992

Dr forge Lobo S

Genetic diversity and racial admixture in Africanized honeybees

Ghana

1989

Mr Stephen Adjare

Managing the African honeybee

1991

Mr Kwame Aidoo

The development of an appropriate hive for honeybees in Ghana

Mali

1983

Dr Mahamadi Dicko

Comparison between different types of bee hives for rural adaptation in Mali

Mexico

1988

Mr Carlos Echazarreta

A comparative study of drone reproduction

Argentina

in the Atacora district

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in Africanized and

European honeybee colonies

Nepal

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:

199)

Mr José Quezada E

Admixture between Africanized and European bees from feral and managed colonies

1985

Ms Maskey Meera

A study of nectar and pollen yielding plant resources in the Kathmandu valley

Philippines Sudan

1987

Dr Cleofas Cervancia

Insect pollination in selected vegetable seed crops

1986

Mr Paul Lokadito

Beekeeping

Venezuela

1988

Dr Lourdes Almeida.

Analysis of foraging behaviour and of some responses related to defensive behaviour of honeybees

Vietnam

1988

Mr Pham Van Lap

Selection for the production of Apis

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I

cerana

queen bees

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BEER

TELUS

PES

OPMENT

2s

ASIAN APICULTURAL ASSOCIATION MEMBERS MEET IN

BENING

During the Apimondia Congress in Beijing a formal meeting of AAA was held. The meeting, chaired by the General Secretary, Dr Matsuo Matsuka, was attended by about 80 people.

The President of AAA, Professor Tetsuo Sakai gave a welcoming address and Vice-Presidents Professor Siriwat Wongsiri and Professor L R Verma were also in attendance.

AAA now has

|4 Chapters (or sub-groups) and Members from India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam gave short reports of recent news from their

country.

A major topic for discussion was the forthcoming AAA Conference in Indonesia: the organisers are keen to make this a very useful and productive meeting, and hope to have bee scientists and beekeepers from all Asian countries represented. During the Apimondia Congress many papers gave new facts on the biology of Asian bees, and the Indonesian Conference will provide next year's venue for up-to-date exchange of information.

One problem facing AAA is that some Members are forgetting that their subscriptions must be paid every year. As with all successful organisations, AAA depends upon Members paying their subscriptions on time!

~ sy

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BANGLADESH:

Dr Alamgir Mati, Bangladesh Apicultural Association, 135 Shantinagar, Dhaka 1217.

Bangladesh Institute of Apiculture, BCA 23/12 Khilji Road, Shyamoli, Mohammadpur, Dhaka 1207.

Mr S M Latif Dewan, c/o Bee Research Unit, School of Pure and Applied Biology, University of Wales College of Cardiff, Cardiff, CFI 3TL, UK.

CHINA |

Professor GH Yang, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy ofAgricultural Science, Xiangshan, Beijing.

Dr Wei-Yi Wang, Hangzhou Pollen Co Ltd,

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INDIA:

5

Baoling Road, Shan Hangzhou

5

So ABA RUT AMERS, ““temember to pay your annual “subscription (local equivalent of USS20) to your local Chapter.

Bae *

Ge

.

are very welcome to join

AAA. Send the local .equivalent of USS20 to your local Chapter. If there is-no Chapter in your country, or.if you would like to form one, then join by sending USS20 to AAA, Institute of Honeybee

Science, Tamagawa University; Machida-shi, Tokyo 194, Japan.

IMPORTANT

Dr C C Reddy, Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, jnaha Bharati, Bangalore 560 056.

Ms Soesilawati Hadisoesilo, PO Box 4/BKN Bangkinang 28401, Riau, Sumatra.

Mc Adjat Sudrajijat, Ministry of Forestry, Manggala Wanabakti Bldg, F13, Subroto-Senayan, Jakarta, 10270

KOREA:

Sj

Central Bee Research Institute, Khad: & Village Industries Commission, 1153 Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411 O16.

DrV K Mattu, Department of Bio-Sciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171 005.

INDONESIA:

ICY,ys

Ga

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Gatot

Dr Kun-Suk Woo, Institute of Korea Beekeeping Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Suwon 440 744.

Mr Ki-Tae Cho, Korean Beekeeping Association, 30! Sambo Bldg, Chonglo 6-Ga, Chonglo-Ku, Seoul, 110 126.

Mr Woo-Suk Ahn, Cheju Branch, Korean Beekeeping Association, Sambo, 2-dong 1024, Cheju, 690 032 MALAYSIA:

Dr M Hj Muid_, Plant Protection Department. Agricultural University of Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor.

NEPAL:

Mr Krishna K Shrestha. Beekeeping Training & Extension Support Project, Godawari,

PAKISTAN:

Dr Rafiq Ahmad. Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, NARC, PO NIH, Islamabad.

PHILIPPINES:

Dr Cleofas R Cervancia, Department of Entomology. College of Agriculture, UP Los Banos, College, Laguna.

SAUDIARABIA:

Mr Jassim M AI Mughrabi, PO Box 42332, Riyadh, 11541, Ministry of Agriculture & Water, Training Department, Riyadh.

SRILANKA:

Dr R W K Punchihewa, Agricuiture Research Station, Makandura, Gonawila (NWP).

TAIWAN (China):

Dr

Kathmandu.

THAILAND:

K Hsieh, Taiwan Apicultural & Sericultural Experiment Station, 26) Kuan-nan.

Kung-Kuan, Miaoli.

MrS Buranapawang, Bee Research Section, Thailand Department of Agriculture,

VIETNAM:

Ministry of Agriculture, Bangkhen, Bangkok.

Mr Tran Duc Ha, Director, Bee Research Centre, Lang Ha, Dong Da, Hanoi.

F

ANNOUNCEMENT The Second Asian Apicultural Association Conference will take place in Yogyakarta, Indonesia 25-30 July 1994.

This promises to be a very interesting meeting, held in a tropical bee environment. Yogyakarta is a University town in the south of Central Java.

Accommodation ranging from the inexpensive upwards will be available.

For further details contact:

Organising Committee of the Second AAA Conference, Directorate of Afforestation and Social Forestry, Ministry of Forestry, Manggala Wanabakti Building 13 Floor, J] Gatot Subroto Senayan, Jakarta 10270, Indonesia.

Telephone: 62 Fax 62

21

21

573 0182.

573 7092.

Shes

Porters carrying bees over a rockfall on the journey from Pakistan to Badakhshan.

20 women farmers from 8-18 March 1993. Such

AFGHANISTAN Afghanaid has set up a pilot beekeeping project in Badakhshan.

People in this area prize honey, there is a wide range of plants and fruit trees for forage, and wood for hives is available locally Not only will families boost their incomes but increased pollination will mean better fruit harvests.

Twenty five hives were bought in from Pakistan and transported to Badakshan before the winter of 1992 Of these, four colonies did not survive the winter.

Several women who were previously employed in the Ministry of Agriculture have expressed keen interest in the project they will be trained by Afghanaid in beekeeping techniques enabling them to train the women in the 21 families who will receive the hives. mE

Source: Jahrchi (News from Afghanaid), \uly 1993.

ETHIOPIA Training

Ethiopia and was organised by the Southern Ethiopian Peasant Develoment Aid in collaboration with the German Development Service in Ethiopia For further information contact Holeta Bee Research &

Training Centre, PO Box 22, Holeta, Ethiopia.

GHANA Sweet victory in September 1992 the Netherlands Embassy gave the Sunyani ITTU a 3 million Cedi grant to support beekeeping in Berekum, Kintampo and Techiman districts The project involves the production of 120 bee hives, smokers, protective clothing and honey extractors. The project is expected to give a boost to beekeeping in the region which is widely recognised as a potential leading honey

production area.

Source

GRATIS News Edition 20 1993

ST LUGIA Left to right - Edwin joseph. (a passer-by}, Lawrence Velinoz, Hugh Sauer (Peace Corps), Ron Baynes (IICA), Franz Alexander (IICA), Calliste Eudoxie (Barclays Bank) and two other members of the Roats Farm Co-operative during the

handing-over ceremony

of funds for a beekeeping project

7

The Holeta Bee Research and Training Centre offered a practical beekeeping course for

a course is the first of its kind in

east

A set |

of four special honeybee stamps

were issued in honour of the

Apimondia Congress (Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications.

People’s Republic of China)

Ee

Ji

ian VFD E nterprises Fe

nn

Aad

VORLD

“Pp

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are seeking contacts with a view to opening tradje links and establishing joint co-operative ventures.

r further details write to. Technical Co-operation and Researc VFD Enterprises, PO Box 152, Ruwa, Zimbabwe.

1

Desk,

To Act ionAid. On

21 years of channelling money to projects in 2 0 countries. rojects are assisted by ActionAid but are chosen by local ieople.

ActionAid’s annual budget is 30 million.

Beekeeping in Libya is hobby more than it is ajob. Most beekeepers have 10-20 hives and rely on transportation of their apiaries depending on nectar flow. Today in Libya there are 3000 beekeepers who harvest 500 tonnes of honey per year from 50,000 hives (an rage of 15 kg per colony). The number of hives is increasing by 20% every year. a

INFORMATION ON

AGRICULTURE International provides information and scientific, develogyment and training services on agriculture and related disciplineg

Production of high quality honey exceeds consumption. The most importation honeys come from thyme and nabk. Honey is expensive: from 18-308 per kilo.

The Department of Development and Modernisation of Beekeeping is attached to the Ministry of Agriculture. This department gives assistance in management of bees including the manufacture of hives and the exportation of honey, training and queen rearing centres.

Varroa was introduced to Libya in 1975 when 5000 colonies were imported from Bulgaria to support agricultural development. Varroa is treated with Apistan and Apitol. American and European Foulbrood, and chalkbrood were brought into the country at the same time as 9a. Foulbrood is controlled by burning the cted hives.

Write

SUDA. The Sudanese Beekeeping Society was founded in 1990. It is a voluntary society open to all Sudanese who are interested in beekeeping.

There are currently 118 registered members, all with differing expertise in beekeeping and all have attended training courses.

The Society aims to establish a beekeeping industry based on sustainable beekeeping. To do this the Society is distributing a newsletter and conducting lectures and training programmes; liaising with local NGOs; conducting trials in conjunction with research institutes to study Sudanese bees, and create

appropriate techniques for beekeeping in Sudan.

Source:

Sudanese Beekeeping Society

to

CAB-International, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8DE, UK. a

WANT TO ADVERTISE? nc t do it here? Use Notice Board to let everyone know abo t your items for s ale, job vacancies, your journal, or any special announcem ents. Our rates are reasonable.

Why

rite to Bees for Development, Troy, Monmouth, NP5 4A]3, UK.

NATIONAL APICULTURA L EXHIBITION of

tre

ditional beekeeping materials, tools, and posters of vario Js parts of Ethiopia. Dates: 22-27 November 1993.

For fur her information contact: Ministry of Agriculture, PO Box 621431 or 62347,

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Rashid Yazbek

.

wb eR

CONGRATULATIONS

LIBYA a

1

a

RP

CC

STA RICA BEEKEEPING TRIP Dr Dewey Caron will be leading a beekeeping tour of Costai Rica from 7-17 January 1994, For further information contact: Global Nature Tours, PO Box 555, Upper Marlboro, MD 20773-055, USA. Fax: 010 301 627 9754, °

1

Pee dadbtette.

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Apimondia Meeting on Bee Biology

Second Asian Apicultural Association Conference

1994

25-30 July

1994,

Yogyakarta For further details

see

page seven

Further details will be given in this journal as they are announced.

Tropical Bees and the Environment

:

10th Brazilian Congress on Apiculture

13-16 March 1995, Serdang.

14-18 August 1994, Goias.

Further details from:

Secretariat, BEENET ASIA, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Telephone. 010 60 3 948 3514 Fax: 010 60 3 948 2507.

Rua 26 No 157, 2° Andar, Goiania-Goids, CEP 74015-090, Brazil. Fax: 01055 62 224 4745 Further details from

:

Resources and Environmental Monitoring

The XXXIV International Apicultural Congress - APIMONDIA

3-7 Octber 1994, Rio de Janeiro Further details from:

8-14 August 1995, Lausanne

Roberto Pereira da Cunha, INPE. PO Box 515, 12201

Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil. toot

Further details will be given in this journal as they are announced

Apimondia Meeting on Pollination

National Honey Show

1996

18-20 November 1993, Kensington and Chelsea Town Hall, London

Further details will be given in this journal as they are announced.

Further details from: Rev F Capener, Honorary Secretary, National Honey Show

eae

|

Baldric Road, Folkestone, CT20 2NR UK.

Bees for Development Official Launch

XII International Congress on Social Insects 21-27 August 1994, Paris.

18-20 November 1993, National Honey Show, Londo

Professor Pierre Jaisson, Laboratoire d'Ethologie, Universite Paris-Nord, 93430, Villetaneus, France Telephone: 010 33 49 403218 Fax. 010 33 49 403975.

outh, NP5 4AB, UK. Telephone 010 44 600 713648 Fax: 010 44 600 716 167 Seventh Third World Fair 10-11 December 1993, London.

Fourth Floor, 5-11 Worship $ treet, London, Further details from: TWIN, EC2A 2BH, UK

1

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Systems-Orientated Research in Agriculture and Rural Development 21 " 25N Further details from. Secretariat du symposium sur es recherches-systeme, Bat,

Les Moulins B-10, BP 5035, 34032 Montpellier Ce dex

1,

7

Further details from: Bees for Development, Troy, Mon

Further details from:

France.

IX International Congress of Acarology Second West Africa Beekeeping Research Sen inar

17-22 July 1994, Ramada University Hotel and Confer ance Center, Ohio

28 November - 4 December 1993, Aburi Botanica Gardens.

Further details from: IX International Congress of Acarol ogy, Acarology

Mr Ralph A Hoyte-Williams, Ge neral Secretary, Ghana Beekeepers’ Association, PO Box 9581, Airport-A: cra, Ghana

Laboratory, Museum of Biological Diversity, The Ohi ) State University, 1315 Kinnear Road, Columbus, OH 43212, USA. Fax: 010 614 292 7744.

|

Further details from:

Rural Project Planning

13th International Course for Development-orientated Research in

18 Apri]-27 May 1994, Canberra

Agriculture

Further details from: Course Co-ordinator, ANUTECH Pty Ltd, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Telephone: 010 61 62 495671.

Fax, 010 61 62 495875.

10 January - 28 July 1994 (in English), 28 February (in French). Wageningen.

International Agriculture |

|

1

- 15 September 1994

Further details from: lon Daane, International Agricultural Centre, PO Box 88, 6700 AB. Wageningen, Netherlands. Telephone: 010 31 837 090 J 11.

Fax: 010 3] 837 018 552,

Short Course on Land Use Management for Tropical

2-10 fune 1994

Director General, Attn C Searle, International Consultancies, Department of Primary Industries, GPO Box 46, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia. Telephone: 01061 72 393302.

Fax: 010 61 72 213896 Further details from:

Rural Poverty Alleviation: Project Management and Design 18

April - 8 July 1994, Sri Lanka and Manchester, UK.

Institute of Development Policy and Management, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 90S, UK, Further details from:

International Workshop on Beekeeping and Extension 20 April May 1994, Ruppin Institute of Agriculture.

Diploma in Apiculture

11

The Director, Center for Intemational Agricultural Development Co-operation. (CINADCO), Ministry of Agriculture. PO Box 7011, Tel Aviv 61070, Israel. Telephone: 010972 3 697 1709.

Fax: 010 972 3 697 1677. Telex: 361496 MINAG IL.

University of Wales College of Cardiff,

Further details from:

Further details from: Pure and Applied Biology, University of Wales College of Cardiff, PO Box 915, Cardiff CFL 3TL, UK. Telephone: 010 44 222 874147 Fax: 010 44 222 874305

Rural Extension for Foresters

If you want details of your event inc uded here send details to: Bees for Develo ment,

Troy, Monmouth, NP 5 4AB, UK. Fax: 010 44 600 716167.

'

12

January -

31

March 1994, University of Reading

Further details from:

RG6 2AL, UK.

AERDD, University of Reading, Whiteknights Road, Reading,

pebpt

ZOOMING

bt

ode

BOLIVIA

INON..

Tucumdn

e

ARGENTINA

Cardoba @

Buenos Aires

Size

2,766,889 km?

Population 31,497,000

Bahia Bianca @

Geography There are four main geographical areas: the Andes, the North and Mesopotamia; the Pampas and Patagonia. The climate and geography show great variation from subtropical in the North to the sub-Antarctic cold of the Patagonian Sea. Mount Aconcagua at almost 7000m is the highest mountain of South America.

Atlantic Ocean

’in crops Argentina is one of the world’s major exporters of wheat. Maize, oilseeds, sorghum, soya beans and sugar are also grown on a large scale

Honeybees Honeybees are not native to South America.

Apis mellifera honeybees from Europe were introduced first (Apis mellifera mellifera and Apis mellifera ligustica) and subsequently Africanized honeybees arrived in 1965. In southern parts of Argentina bees remain predominantly

European.

Beekeeping All beekeeping is with movable-frame hives: it is against the law to use hives without movable-frames

Honeybee diseases and parasites Chalkbrood, European Foulbrood, Nosema apis, Varroa jacobsoni (identified in 1976).

Mallophora ruficaunda has been identified as a serious predator in the province of Buenos Aires

:

Argentina is one of the world’s largest exporters of sunflower oil, and as honeybees are needed to pollinate this crop, sunflower is an important honey source: over 30,000 colonies are employed in sunflower pollination Eucalyptus, clover and lucerne are also major honey sources, as is the thistle-like plant Cynara cardunculus.

Honey production

Research Centro do Investigaciones Apicolas, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Av Moreno 577-Sud, 4200 Santiago del Estero

Support for projects IDB funding has supported the establishment of a honey processing plant in Cérdoba Province; IFS has supported research on varroa in the Pampas region.

39,000 tonnes in 1990

Equipment manufacturer

Honey export

El Panal, Humahuaca, 4229, 1192 Buenos

About 35,000 tonnes of honey per year: making Argentina the third greatest honey exporting country.

Aires Terza Hnos, Casilla 1377, Correo Central 1000, Buenos Aires

Ciencia y Abejas. published by Asociaci6n Cooperadora de la Cabana Apiario El Salado, CC No 7, 7223 General Belgrano, TE 0241-24037, Buenos Aires Gaceta de AVDA published by Asociacion Veinticinquena de Apicultores Cooperatira Ltda, 25 de Mayo, Buenos Aires.

Asociacién Veinticinquena de Apicultores Cooperatira Ltda, 25 de Mayo, Buenos Aires The Ministry of Agriculture organises beekeeping training courses, as do the Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Av Moreno 577-Sud, 4200 Santiago del Estero and Instituto Privado de Tecnologia y Ensenanza Apicola (IPTEA), Calle 35 No 407, 1900 La Plata.

1,400,000

.

Asociaci6n Cooperadora de la Cabana Apiario El Salado, CC No 7, 7223 General Belgrano, TE 0241-24037, Buenos Aires

‘keepers in Argentina are required to icyister their apiaries, to report particularly defensive colonies, and to practise certain forms of honeybee disease control.

Avances en Apicultura published

by Macaya SA (7013), Estacion de la Cara, Cte Espora 1294, 7000 Tandil.

_

Sociedad Argentina de Apicultores, Rivadavia, 717-piso 8, 1392, Buenos Aires.

Training

Melliferous vegetation

_

Beekeeping Associations

Legislation

Number of honeybee colonies

Journals

Acarapis woodi, American Foulbrood

Gaceta del Colmenar published by Sociedad Argentina de Apicultores, Rivadavia, 717-piso 8, 1392, Buenos Aires. _

'

:

Mensajero Apicola, published by Terza Huos, Casilla 1377, Correo Central, 1000 Buenos Aires.

Apicujiure in China Chief Editor Chen Yaochun.

Agricultural Publishing House, Beijing, China (1993) 180 pages. Hardback. In English 17.00

This marvellous guide to apiculture in China was prepared especially for the Apimondia Congress. It starts with the history of beekeeping in China, from the first steps towards managing bees in log hives during the years 25-220 AD. Perhaps Jiang Qi, who lived between 215 and 282 AD was the first beekeeping extentionist: he taught beekeeping skills to over 300 people This is

comprehensive publication seemingly covering all aspects of Chinese apiculture.

Much useful data is given for example the Chinese standards for beeswax and honey, information on honey plants, hive types, practices in different regions of the country, training courses, and on the wealth of Chinese beekeeping literature. This book provides a fascinating glimpse into a great beekeeping culture which has until! so recently been quite unknown by outsiders. a

The clearly-written text is accompanied by many interesting colour illustrations.

2ctar and pollen plants

China by

Xu Wanilin.

love

GF

on

(Es

:

:

me

Tl

tla

Beenet Asia, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang,

Malaysia (1993) 149 pages. Paperback.

Available from Beenet Asia, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.

The Proceedings of meeting which took place at Universiti Pertanian Malaysia in August 1992 a

(reported in Beekeeping & Development 25). It contains up-to-date reports on the status of bee research in China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Also included are the texts of five proposals for research within the region, and the resolutions

Heilongjiang Province, China (1993) 553 pages of text.

Hardback. In Chinese.

These Proceedings have been published very quickly and have not been stringently edited.

42.00

English -Hindi-Chinese Dictionary of Beekeeping Terms

bo

PWHE

Proces: oaeggs Wor

from the meeting

Encyclopaedia of Apiculture

Bs,

There is an index in English and a list of LatinChinese biological terms. There are 131 colour and 347 black and white illustrations.

Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,

An important reference work: 543 species of nectar and pollen plants are described. Most are accompanied by a botanical drawing and in addition there are 114 excellent colour photographs: many of these manage to show a bee foraging on the flower of the species. The text is in Chinese but the Latin names of plant families and species are given, making this book of great value and interest to bee botanists. There is an English alphabetical index together with common names, and listing by family. Finally there are 506 electron micrographs of pollen grains. A classic work by Professor Xu Wanlin.

oe

above. However it is included here as it is obviously a major guide to Chinese beekeeping and bee science.

Agricultural Publishing House, Beijing, China (1993) 398 pages. Hardback. In Chinese.

published by International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Kathmandu, Nepal, (1993)

193 pages.

Paperback.

5.50

Professor Verma was awarded a special Gold Medal for his work to produce this Dictionary in time for the Apimondia Congress. It is a valuable addition to this series of dictionaries published by various organisations since the series was started by the Bee Research

Association in 1951.

The Asian hive bee Apis cerana as a pollinator in vegetable seed production by

LR Verma and U Partap.

ICIMOD, Kathmandu, Nepal (1993) 52 pages.

52.00

Paperback.

The information contained in this encyclopaedia is less accessible to nonChinese readers than the plant book described

4.50

This publication is subtitled “An Awareness Handbook” and indeed it is a true handbook,

+

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It

is produced quarterly and sent free of charge to readers of this journal. To order books use the form included with Books to Buy or simply write to us listing your requirements. We are also able to obtain other publications not mentioned in Books to Buy. Just ask us!

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usefully summarising general scientific principles in using Apis cerana to pollinate crop plants. It gives useful introductory information on pollination and how to use colonies to best effect, gives research results on the pollination of some different crops by Apis cerana and gives a balanced description of the Apis cerana/Apis mellifera controversy Information is also given pesticides and how to prevent bee soning. A useful publication for crop growers and extension workers.

Frimston and D Smith.

Bee Books New and Old, Bridgwater,

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introduction.

Técoics

Practica de Apicultura

by J B Feeburg.

Casa da Abelha, Porto Alegre, Brazil (1986) 144 pages.

Paperback.

In Portuguese.

Available from Jodo Bernardo Feeburg, Casa da Abelha, Couto de Magalhdes 1307, 90540-131, 9 Alegre, Brazil.

"Gen,

A beekeeping text describing the modern, frame-hive beekeeping methods currently used in Brazil. Many clear black and white drawings and photographs.

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world.

Our aim is to review as many books on beekeeping and development as we can.

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RUBBER NECTAR have the following comments to make on the article Rubber: the honey spinner by Mr Dhammeratchi which appeared in Beekeeping & Development 25. |

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NAM ACTOS

Rubber plants produce a flush of trifoliate leaves between February and May which generally coincide with the flowering period.

Twish to pay |

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The nectar (sweet liquid) is produced in three small oblong nectaries at the base of the petiolules* as extrafloral nectaries

Beekeeping & Development

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fOr oooccccccceceeccecseeeesesenseseeee

The nectar which is produced often collects into a big drop at the tip of the petiolules. Honeybees collect the nectar and convert it into honey. The sugar concentration of the nectar is very high.

have paid into your Giro account/bank account

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The author referred to this nectar as sap as it is a secretion fro leaf glands. feel it would be more appropriate to use the tern “foliar nectar” or leaf secretion rather than sap. See also the work by Shankuntala Nair and Wakhle published in the Indian Bee

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On behalf of the entire beekeeping community of Tobago to welcome the return of Beekeeping & Development. Like

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beekeepers from many developing countries, Tobago beekeepers have benefited from this very informative publication.

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Our very best wishes to you and the new organisation

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Beekeeper, Nz. Every year VSO sends over 800 men and women to an enormous

variety of jobs in developing countries. Volunteers range from fresh graduates to people with lifea time’s experience. The average age 1s

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We are currently looking to a Beekeeper to work with the Forestry Research and Development Project, part of the Directorate of Forestry of Namibia. Applicants need

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|

26 Figures in BOLD denote issue number followed by relevant page number(s} for that issue.

A

Atacord, 29.6

AAA. 26.10.14 27.2.8, 28.2.9 29.7

Atampuere.N, 28.14 ATO, 27.14 authors, 27,14 28,15; 29,13 Australia, 27,12, 28.12,29,10 Avances et Apicultura, 29,11 Awareness Campaign 28.10 Azadirachta indica, 26.9. 27.10 B Badakhshan, 29.8 Bahadur Bam.D. 26.4

chapter,

26.10.27.8.13, 29,7 Second Conference 26,10; 27.8 29,7 Aarhus.A29,5 absconding. see management Acacia 26.9 27,13. 28.11

Acaraprs wood, 29.11 acarine, see Acurapis wood

Aconagud. 29.11

Institute of Apiculture,

Afghanistan, 29.8

Afghanaid, 29.8

Africa, 26.5. 28.6.7 15 Southern, 28 6

West 27 16, 28.13.16 african honey bees. see bee africanized honey bees. see bee

26,9

agencies development. 26.12 funding 26 12 Ahmad. R 26 10 27.8, 29.7 10

28.13

larvd,

283.45

parasite. 29,11 plants, see bee flora

29.6

An unecpected encounter wih Caribbean

27.9

predatars 27.13 queen, 28 3.4.5 research 28.1 3.29.6 selection, 29,12

solitary.

27.11. 28.10, 29.9

ants, 27.3 apiary, demonstration, 26.9 Apicultural Assocation of China, 27.13 Apicultural Research Centre. India

266

27,14

Apiculture in Tropical Climales. Fifth International Conference on, 26.12.

27.09 Apicullure Promotion Unit Ghana, 28.3 Apimondia 29, 2 4.5 “ogress, see International ping Congress née Medal 29,5 Gold Medal 26.2 Standing Commission, 29 25 Apimondta wi Chania, 29,4 Apis, 28,7 Apis adreniformis 27 13 Apis cerand, 26.2.4,5.11.13 27 4.10.13 28.19 29.612 13

Apis cerana abarnsis, 26.11 Apis cerand cera 26.11 Apis cerand hatnanensis, 20.11 Apis cerana timalaya. 26.1 |

Apis cerana indicd, 26.11 skankuvt 26 Apis

11

26:13 27 13 Ams flowa 2613 27 1013 28 10 Apts labarind 27 13 Apis mellifera, 26.11 13.27 13 2834.0 Apis dorsdta

29245711213

Apis melhferd igustud 27 13 Apts mellifera mellifera Apis ntaroctintat 29.4

29

29

U1

11

Apis subspecies 26 11 apple 27 14 Argenting 27 1) 296 11 Arusha Beckeepers Association 26.14

28.8 19294

Asian Apicullurel Assodution, see AAA Asociacian Cooperadara de la Cabana Apiaro Salado 29 11 Asocacian Venticmquena de Apicoltotes Cooperatira bth 29 tL dassapuche 28 7 bl

Brown,R,

buckwheat, 27

13

Buranapawang,S, 26,10.27,8,29.7 Burkino Faso, 28 13 Buyangabo, 26.7 Cc

CAB-International, 29,9 CATOD, 28.8 Calamus.Br, 27,9

28.3 28.10 Bee Research and Development Institute, Bangladesh, 27,10 Bee Research Association. see IBRA Bee Research Unit, see Diploma beekeepers, 13.27.13 African, 26.9 Brazilian, 28,7 Mexican, 28.7 tural, 26.3 traditiunal 28.15 Beekeepers’ Association of Malawi 28.11

beekeeping, 26 13,29.9 association, 26.7.8 12,14 27.11.13.15.16,.28.11,13.16.

29,1114 centres, 27,13 development 26,12 equipment 29.8 frame hive, 26.13. 29.5.13 industry 26.8 large-scale 27.13 management see Management madern, 26.4 programme, 26,5, 28.8.13,29,11 project, 26.9, 27,6,7.10, 28.8.10,13, 294.11 science. 27 15 kills, 26,12 teaching 26,12 traditional, 26.4.5, 28.13 tropical, 28,15 visual aids, 27,14, 28,15, 29.12 27,14,

27.11

Beekeeping and the law, 29,13 Brekeepind ui Surid, 26.8 Beekeeping in Africa

28.13

Beenot Asia, 29,12 Bees for Development, 27.2, 28.2, 29.2 Bees it coconul plantations, 28.10 Bers need water, 27 3 beeswax, 26.6.27 4.11.13.94.15

28 11.13.294 cappings, 26.14 export. 28,11

melting point, 26,14 model,

275

solar wax extractor 26.14 [2 standards, 29

Cynara cardunculus. 29.11

13

Campeche. 26.7

|,

Emadipour,,

emervency request, 28.8

26,10.11.13.14,27.8,12.13

Cammittee,

27.13

Bee Products Society, 27,13 Beekeepers Association. 27

13

Ciencia y abejas 29,11 Citrus,27 13.14 28.13

Clauss.B 26.3

15

Clauss.R, 26 15 climate, tropical, 26.14 clover, 27.13: 29.11 cocoa, 27 14.28.14 coconul, see Cocos attcifrd button setting 28.10 hybrids 28.10 palm, 27,10

spathes, 27,10 Coconut Research Station, India 27,10 28.10

27,10 28.10 coffee. 26.13. 27.14 28.13 Cocos nucifera.

Facyclopaedta of apicutlure

Garn Products, 27,16

genetic diversity 26.11 improvement. 2611

variance,

Enalesh-Hardi-Chinese

dic

tignary

26.11

Genetic diversity in Apis cerana, 26,11 Gerbera piloselloides, 26,13

Germany. 26.8. 27 [2.28.12 Ghana. 26.6.14 27 12.16, 28.12.1316

2968.10 Beekeepers Assuciation. 27.16 28.13.16 Ghana Bee News 28.13 giant bee. see Apis darsata

ginseng. 27.13.294 gmelina. 28.13 grafting. see management grass roots innovators. 26.15 GRATIS, 26.6, 28.13

GRATIS News, 28.13. 29.8 GTZ, 26.8 28.11.13 guidelines for policy makers. 28,15 Guyana. 27.9

Heinz.

W

27.11

Helianthus annuus,27 13 28.13, 29.2.1] Hevea spp. 26.13

Himalayas, 26.11 Hisham.MA. 28 14 Hitchcock.b E, 26.7 hive 28.15 296,12 appropriate. 29.6 basket, 27.2 Bielby, 28.13 chinese, 28.4 clay pot, 28.13 Dadant. 26.7 28 13 earthernmware pipe 268 trame 26.13.15.27.13,28.13.29.3 Kenya top-bar, 26.4 Langstroth, 26.8 28.4 13 29.3 log 26.4.9 1213 2813.295.12 low-technology, 28.13 modern 26 8.12 movable-frame. 26.5.8. 29.3.11

products. 27.13,29.4 royal palm trunk, 28,13 Lop-bar 26.3.4 56.9, 28.11.13 traditional, 264.5912 upright log. 26 13

29.12 of

29.12

equipment, see beekeeping manufacturers. 29.11

wall.

26.45

wooden bucket 27.13

Ethiopia, 27.2. 29.8.9

Hive Aid. 26.8.9

eucalyptus. 26 13,2713, 28.13.29.11 Eugenia ambos, 26 9

Hoekstra}. 26.4 Home study 28.11 Holeta Bee Research and Training Centre. Ethiopia. 29.8 honey. 26.6.8 27.13.14.28.4 929.459 beer. 29.5 collecting, 26.13 combs, 28.9 export, 26 7 27:10 11.28.10 29,11 exporting country. 29.11 hunting 28.13 medicinal value. 26.8 plants. 29.12 press. 26.14

Euphoria longan.

26,13.27

14

F FAO. 26.2, 28.8.10,13, 29.2 journal 26.6 Feinburg. W 27.4 Feng Mde. 29.12

Fernandez.N.29.6 TichtR, 27.2 27.6 Finding Funding |,

Chinese Apictlture 27,13 chinese tallow tree. 27.13 Cho K-T.26,10.27.8 29.7 Choquet}. 26 15 Christian Aid, 28.8 CIDA, 28,8.13

Galton.D, 26,7

28,1!

26.10.27.8.29.7

28.3.12 29.4.5.7.12 Chinese Apicultural Research Institute, 29.5 Bee (Apis veranda) Co-ordination

Gaceta del Colmenar, 29,11

Hadisoesilo.S. 26,10,27,8, 29,7 Hang.N-T, 28.4 Heath LAF. 27.15

Diploma in apiculture at Cardiff University, 27.9,12. 28,12, 29,10 diversity, 27.14 donors, 28.8 drone. 27 9 congregation areas. 27,9 mating. 27.9 E EchazarretaC. 27.11. 29.6 ecological conditions, 26.1} Economic returns from beekerping 26.4 Egypt 26.12 El-Banby.MA 26.12

Central Honey Bee Co. Vietnam, 28.4 Centre for Rural Development Training UK. 26.12 cereals, 27.13 Cer’s, 26.6 Cervancia.C, 26,10, 27.8, 28.11, 29.6.7 chalk brood, 27.15, 29.9.11 Channabasavanna,Dr, 26.6 chaste tree. 27 13 cherry, 27 14 Chiang Mai 28.3 SP Bee Products, 28.4

China,

Gaceta de AVDA, 29.11

Ha T-D. 26.10,13.27.8, 29.5.7

development agencies, 26.12 Initiative, 29,2 sustainable, 26.6 Devon Beekeepers’ Association, 27.11 Dewan SML, 27.8 29.7 Dicko.M. 29.6

beekeeping terms,

Funding for research, 29.6

G

H

differentiation, 28.5

Canadian International Development Agency, see CIDA Carmichael_D, 28,13 Carroll.7, 26,7 Carruthers, 26,16 Cassia spp. 26.9. 28.13 Central Assaciation of Beekeepers 27.15 Central Bee Research Institute, India

28.3.5

Fnterprise, China,

Cambodia.

26

29,10 beekeeping, 26.2.27,)1.12.28.12 29.10 correspondence, 28,11 Egypt, 26,12 training, 26.2.12.28.10.29.11.12 UK. 26.12 cow ped, 26.9 Cramp.D 27,9 Crane.E. 28.15 CTA, 26,2 Cuba, 29.10 curriculum vila’, 27,6 D Damascus, 27,8 De long.D. 28.6 desert dale. 26.9 deforestation, 27,11.14,287 Devaiah PT, 26.6

27.15

Brunei Darussalam, 26,14 Bruyn.C de, 27.15 Buckfast Abbey. 28.11

worker,

Bee programme

Beekveping.

Apts mellifera adam 28,11 Apts mellifera adansonn 28 13

borassus palm, 26,9 Barneck,R, 29.5 Botswana, 26.3 Bradbear.N, 26,2 27,2.6,28.2.8.29.2.5 Brazil, 26.6. 28.2.6.12, 29.10.13 Brazilian bee research, 28,6 Brindley,B. 26.6 British Council, 29.5 brood, 28.4 chamber. 26,14 rearing, 27.3

cambard, 28.7

26.9

apiculture, see beekeeping 12 Apiculture in Ching, 29,

12

spectes, see Apis stingless. see stingless bees western, 29.2

Bee

Andes. 29.11

books, 26.15 27 14.28.14. 29.12 Bookshelf, 26.15, 27.14. 28.14.29 Booksto Buy, 27.15. 28,15, 29,13

Buenos Arres, 29.11 bullrush millet. 26.9 Buraghya 26.7

forage. 26.9.1] ualian 28.10

Al-Mughrabi|. 26,10.27.8, 29,7 alternative trading organisations, see ATO America central, 28.6,10 meso, 28,15 south, 28 6.10

Asta,

29.7

flora. 26.11

aA.

Antennae waving.

Blitterswiik, H van, 26.4

28,10,

Albizzia 28 13 29.0 Alippr alkaloids 26.7

honeybers,

27.8.

colony management, see management colony performance, see management comb, 26.14, 28.9 Combretum spp. 26,9 Commercial royal jelly production, 28,3 Congress, see Conference Cornellise,P, 26.7 Cordoba 27.11 com, 26,9 Costa Rica, 29.6 Beekeeping Trip. 29,9 cotton, 27,13, 28,13 courses, 26.14,16.27,12,13.28,12,

biodiversily. 28.7

dammer, 28.10 disease, 26,6,11.13 28,7, 28.13 29.49.11 european, 29,6,11

programmes, 28.14 Aldo. K S 26.3.29.6

Almeida.|.,

bibliography, 28.6

Barclays Bank, 29.8 Barnicket.G, 26.8 bee. 27.14, 28.13 african, 28.6 29.6 afnicanized, 27.9 15 287.10. 29.6.11 asa nuisance. 27.3 asian, 28,10 breeding, 27,15, 29.5, 12 bumble, 27,14 carpenter, 28.13

coluny,

278.29.7

28.15

clal,

Bee Products Company. 29.5

balloons. 27,9 bamboo, 28.9294 Bangladesh, 26.10, 27.810, 29,7

Adema cissampeloides, 28,13 Adjare.S. 26.6, 28.13,.29.6

28.16

bekyem, 28.13 Belgium, 29,10 Belize, 28.10 Honey Producers Federation. 28.10 Benin, 29.6 BETRESP. 26.4.5

Balanites acayptiacu, 26,9

Aconitum napellus, 26.7 ActionAid, 28.8, 29.9 Adarn.Br. 27.5. 28.2.1 1

Afzelia african.

Beeswax Barter, 27.16.

BeetsmaJ, 28.15 Beijing. 26.11 29 2.4,5.7

Finding Funding 2,288 Finding Funding 3.29.6 finger millet. 269

flight distance 265 lorage. see bee forager. 27.3 forest, see also woodland, 26,13 products, 27.14 protection 28 [4 rain, 28 13 temperate. 27.14 tram. 26.13 tropical. 27.14 foresiry sustainable. 28.14

foulbrood Amencan 29.6.9 11 European. 26 13 299.11 Trance. 26 15, 28,12, 29.10 Free. B. 27.14.15, 28,14 Fries), 29.5 Frimstan.D. 29.13

price.

265.2813 299

production, 27 43 28.10,.29.9 standards 29.12 yield. 26 4,.8,29.4 Honey and beesway for sale,

Honeybee rehabilitation programme Belize. 28.10 Hossain. M, 27,10

Hoyte- Williams. R A 27 16,28 lo Hseih.F K. 26 10 27.8.29.7 humidity control 27 3

Hughes.A.28

11

1

fan MacDonald Associates, see IMA

IBRA 27.2 29.13 ICIMOD. 26.11. 29.12.13 IDB. 26.6.7.27 10.11.29

2813 29611

IFS.

26 |2 funding 27.6.28.8 29.6

NCA 29.8 IMA 26.12 16

M.

|

Honey Ber. 26.15

fruits. 26 13

Fry

271

11

U1

Inades Foundation, 28,11 income-generating activity, 26.4 India, 26.6;10,14,15.27,8,10,12; 28.10;

Malaysia.

26, 10,14;

29.714

management, 28,3. 29.9 absconding, 26.3.4.11 colony performance 26,1 disease contral, 26.11 feeder. 27.3 feeding. 28,5: 29,3 grafting, 26.8: 28.4.5

27.8,12;29.7.10.12

Oxfam. 26.2.

P Pakistan, 26,10, 27.8: 29,7 palm, 28,53 Pampas, 29.1] Pandit Chettri.K. 26.4 Panos, 28.14

Situation Wanted, 28,11 Smith.D, 29,13

Solomon

inbreeding, 27,9 pacilying, 26,3. 28.13 queen excluder, 26,2: 28.4, 29.4 queen rearing, 26.8.11.12,28.4.8.10

paper clips, 26.3 Partap,U, 29.13 Patagonia, 29.11 Patagonian Sea. 29,11 Paxton,R 27,15 Peace Corps, 29.8 pear. 27,14 Peru, 26,7, 27.10

27.8.29.7

swarming.

Pesquisas com abcihas no Brasil,

instrumental insemination, 26.11.12.

29:5 Interamerican Development Bank, see IDB Intermediate Technology Development Croup, see ITDG Intermediate Technology Publications, 26.16 International Beekeeping Congress XXXII, 26.14. 27,13, 28.9, 29.4.5.12 Internationa! Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, see ICIMOD International Conference on Apiculture in Tropical Climates. see Apiculture in Tropical Climates International Federation of Beekeepers’ Association, see Apimondia International Foundation for Science. see IFS

syrup feeding, see feeding

29.14

Indian Bee lournal

Indian Institute of Management, 26,15 Indonesia. 26.10.14. 278.12. 28.9.42.

29.4.7.10.12 Inside Information, 26.2; 27.2. 28.2.

29,2 insecticides, 27,11 lusect pollination of plants. 27.14 Institute of Apicultural Research, China, 27,13, 29,5 institute of Honeybee Science, 26,10.

Iran, 28,11 Ireland 27.12: 29.13

Mali, 29.6 Mallophora ruficauda, 29,11

importation,

i

26,13

263.11

traditional,

288.13

Smith.FG. Smith.N] H, 27,14 Soares.A EE. 28.6 Sociedad Argentina de Apicultores, 29.11

Meera.M.29.6 Mekong River Delta, 26.13 Melaleuca leucadendron, 26.13 Melia azadirachta, 26,9 melilot. 27.13 Melipona spp, 27,10: 28,7,10 Meliponine, 28.7 melliferous vegetation, 26,13. 27,13.

28.13.29.6.11 Mensajero Apicola, 29.1!

bees in East lava, 28 9 Stockholm, 29.6 Stotz.D. 26.8 Strainaway, 27,16 Subscription rates, 27 16.28.16, 29.14

pharmacopoeia, 27

[3 Philippines, 26.10. 27.8, 28,10;

cake, 28,5

grain, electron micrographs of 29,52

sunflower. see Helianthus annuus oil, 29.41

pollination.

cross-, 28.10

studies,

27.14

poorest people. portuguese, 28,6

28.14

Practical Beekeeping. 26.3. 27.3.29.3 predators. see bee

Switzerland.

Kerr,

WE.

28.26

Kibale. 26.7 Kokoye,S. 29.6 Korea, 26,10; 27.8: 29,7 Krell,R, 26,14 KWT/CIDSE, 26,13. 28,4, 29.14 L Lambayeque.

26.7, 27,10 Lap.P-V, 29.6 Lapiculture simplifiée, Lake Volta. 28.13 Laos, 26,13

26.15

Lausanne. 29,5 Learn Ahead, 27, 12, 28,12, 29.10 legal cases, 29.13 legislation, 29,11,13 Letters to the Editor. 26.14. 27.9, 29.14

Libya, 29.9 linden. 27.13 Lobo S.}.29.6

Lokadito.P, 29.6 Jongan, 28.4 Look Ahead. 26.14, 27.12, 28.12, 29,10 lost-wax casting. 27.4.5. 28.13 Lost-wax casting:

a practitioner's manual,

27.4

29.8

Musalika,B, 28.14 Mwnege, 26.7 N

project, see also beekeeping project.

27.13,28.13,.14.15,29.9 proposal. 26,9. 27.8 propolis, 27.13 28.9,29.4 publishers. 27.14. 28.15.29.13

pumpkin, 26.9 Punchihewa.R W K, 26,10: 27.8; 29.7 Q queen, artificial, 27.9 cell/cup, 26,11 28.3.4.5: excluder, see management frames, 28.4.5 mating flights. 27.9 rearing. see management virgin, 27.9

Namibia, 29.!4

Nartey.E,

26.6

National Apicultural Exhibition, Ethiopia, 29.9 National Beekeeper's Council. Belize.

28.10 National Foundation for Development, Peru. 27.10 National Park. Brazil, 26.6 National Service Secretariat, Ghana.

28.13 Nectar and pollen plants of China, 29,12 nectar. plants, 29.6 rubber. 29,14 NECTAR, 28.15 neem. see Azadirachta indica

Queen includers

the debate continues,

26.3

Quezeda E.|, 29.6 Quintano Row, 26,7

R Rahman.A. 27.10 rainforest, see forest Reddy.C C. 26.6.10 27.8, 29.7

refugee camp. 26.9 research, 28.13.29.6.11

institutes, 29,12 resolutions 29,12 Rhizophora conjugala, 26,12 tice. 27.13

29.13 27,5 VSO, 26.7. 28.11.13.16,29.14 Vita

Tabora. 26.7 Taiwan, 26,10, 27,8. 28.3: 29.7

P, 27.14 Tamagawa University. 26.10, 27.8. 29.7 tamarind. 26.9 Tamil Nadu. 26.6

Talbot.

Tanzania, 26.7.14,27,12,28.6.12.14

pollinator in vegetable seed production, 16 28.16 The The golden insect, 28.13 The new Varroa handbook.

27.15 The NFC Foundation. 26,2 for the Conservation The Organisation and Protection of Bees in Sri Lanka 27,11

28.14 Thomas,.P 27.5 timber species, 27 14 timborana, 28,7 Tobago. see Trinidad and Tobago Beekeepers Association, 26.7 29.14 Tomlinson.R. 26,14 The social organization of honeybees,

networking. 28,10

s

Nevis, 27.10

St Lucia, 29.8 sacbrood. 26.11 Thai. 26.6 Sadakathulla.S. 27.10; 28,10 Sakai,T, 29.7 Salvation Army, 28.13

Training women Lramers

Negaiza.A, 28,14 Naanh Ong, 26,13 Nahe nuoi ong va su phattrie'n, 29.14 NGO, 28 8, 29.9

Lubajo.R. 26.9 lucerne, 29.1] lychee, 27,13

Notice Board.

M

oO

Nosema.

29.11

27.1].

28.11:

29.9

Nsubuga,G. 26.12

Sampangi.N,26.6 S40 Paulo, 28.6 Saudi Arabia. 26.10, 27.8. 29.7 Save the Children Fund/USA, 26.4 Scarborough, 26.7 Sclerocarya birrea, 26.9 Sesnan,B. 26,9 Shanghai, 27.13

beekeepers. see beekeepers beekeeping. see beekeeping

28.15

Traidcraft Exchange, 26.2 training. 26.5, 12,27 10.13. 28.15.13

298.1142 beekeeping,

26.12.16 tram, see forest trees. see forest Trigona spp. 28,7,9 Trinidad. see Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago, 26.7.12, 27.6.9; 29.14 Tropical forests and their crops, 27,14 tropical, crops. 27.14 forests. see forests plants, 27,

26,10.27.8.29.7

World Vision UK, 26.2. 27.2 28.2 29.2 Award for Development tnitiative 2.28.2.292 262 Worshipful Campany of Wax Chandlers, 26 2 Wright

W275

Y

Yang.

GH.

26,10, 27.8.13,29,7

Yaochun.C, 29

12

Yazbek.R,29.9

Zz

management ds a basis for

unt

Woo. K-S

Yogyakarta. 29.7 Yucatan 267 Yugoslavia. 29.2

trade. international. 27,14

bee

wolfs bane see Aconitum napellens women. with respect to beekeeping 26.12 272.298 Namibian, 26.12 Wongsiri,S, 29.7

yield. see honey

26.16

beekeeping development in the tropics

28,10.29.8

Willams. 7.27.14 29,13

Gambia.

27

storage, 28.5 Royal jelly, 28,3 rubber, 27.14

Beekeepers’ Co-operative, 27.10 newsletter. see journal New Zealand, 29.13 News Around The World. 26. 6. 27,10.

28,14

Willams A 279

The Asian hive bee Apis cerana. as a

traditional.

27,12;

Second 27.56 28.16 West Moyo. 269

When aid is no help, 28.14 Whose trees. a people's view of forestry aid.

29.4712

Traditional

water, carriers, 27,3 feeders, 27.3 provision of, 27,3 sources. 27,3 wax, see beeswax West Africa Bee Research Seminar

What are drone congregation areas?, 27.9 wheat, 29.11

Technology Consultancy Centre Ghana, 28,13 Técnica practica de apicultura, 29.13 Thai sacbroad, see sacbrood Thailand. 26.10.13, 27.8, 28.2.3.4.

royal jelly, 27.13, 28.2,.3.4.5,29.45 antibactenal properties, 28.3 extraction. 28.5 harvest. 28.4

27.11,

Wang W-Y.27.8.13 29.7 Wanlin.X, 29.242 Warwick Kerr answers, 28.6

ta-hori.

Tools fer agriculture.

27.10 seed. 27,10 Nepal, 26,4,5.10,27,8.12, 28,14: 29.6.7,12.13 Nephelium litchi, 26,13 nest temperature, 27.3 Netherlands, 28.12.15, 29.10

28.15.

News,

Ww

29,5.10

Rodriguez. M. 26.16 Roots Farm Co-operative, 29.8

oil,

26.11.

26.13.

Beekeepers’ Association, 26,8

29 12

29.6

29.7.12.!3 VFD Enterprises, 29.9 Vietnam, 26.10 13.27.8.29.5.6.7.12.14 Bee Research Centre, 29.14 vietnamese, 28.4, 29.14 LR.

Viguiera helianthoides. visual aids. 27.14;

agriculture, 26.12 development, 26.6 Sweden. 29.6 sweet potato. 269.13

Mobus,B.

Murillo-Yepes.|,

Venezuela,

Sunil.S R. 273.11 sustainable,

27.14,29.6.13

Asia

Kaal.], 28.15 Kabarole Beekeepers’ Association, 26,7 Kampala, 26.7.9 Kanjanga.S, 28.11 Karnataka, 26,6 Kathmandu. 26,4,5, 29.6 Keeping bees. 27.15 Kenya, 26.7; 27.11.12, 28.11.12 indigenous Forest Conservation Project. 26.7 Kenya top-bar hive. see hive Kerala. 26.6

26.8,13,27,15.29.6.9.11

pollen.

27,13: 28.4.9,29.4.6

J

Mulder,V,28.2.3.4 multipurpose species, 26.5

Varroa jacobsont.

Verma.

T

Morse.R A, 26.14 Mount St Benedict. 27.9 Moyo District. 26.9 Muid.M Hj, 26,10; 27,8; 29,7

Varroa, see Varroa jacobsoni

Verga C 26.7

Proceedings of Beenet Asia workshop on priorities in RGD on beekeeping in tropical

Moringa oleifera 26.9

v

Sudanese Beekeeping Society. 29.9 Sudrajijat.A. 27.8.29.7

29.10 Italy, 26,14

Moquinia polimarpha, 28.7

29.3

Sudan, 26.9: 28.14,29.6.9

Israel,

Monaragala. 27,11

ta remove bees fram

Using flexible pipes inaccessible places,

control of, 26,5, 29.9 Veeresh.G K. 26.6

Syria. 26.8

Mohan.K.R. 29,14

University of Wolverhampton, 26.12.16 UNV News, 28.17 USA, 26,14, 27.12. 28,6:12.29.9,10,11 USAID, 28.10

subsidy. sugar, 26.3;29.11 feeding. see feeding

27.6 Presbyterian Church, 28,13

Jackson.H, 26,2, 27,2, 28,2; 29,2 lahrchi, 29.8 Japan, 26.6.10.14, 27.8, 28.3.9: 29,7 liang O1.2912 Jongeleen.F.28.15 lorgensen.A. 29,5 journals, 27.11.13, 28.13.29.9.t1 loyappa Sri. 26.6 jujube, 27,13 K

28.11

29.6,7,12 pigeon pea, 26,9 pipe method, 29.3 Plucknett.DL, 27.14

Preparing a project proposal.

27.15

volunteer,

UNDP, 28.8 Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, 29,12 University of Bangalore, 26.6 University of the Philppines. 28,10 University of Wales College of Cardiff

279 26.9

Stinaless

29.13

Mesopotamia, 29,1 Mexico, 26.7, 27,11; 29.6 milk vetch, 27,13 Miranda.U, 28,10 |

29,14

Sri Lanka. 26,10, 27,8.11:29,7,10 stingless bee. 27.10. 28.6.7

28.6

29.14

28.15

transfer, 29.3 Maria.E. 28,9 Maskey.M, Mati.A. 26.10, 27.8: 29.7 Matsuka. M. 29,7 Mattu.V K. 26,10, 27,8.29,7 Mauritius, 28.11

26,7,

Southern Sudanese Beekeeping Project, soya bean, 26,9. 29.1

|},

pesticides, 27.13; petiiolule,

.G,

Soobrayen.R. 28,11 sorghum, 26.9.13, 29.1} Sources of funding, 28.8

UK. 26.14, 27.12: 28.11.12.

29,9,10.13.14 beekeeping groups, 26,2; 27,2; 28.2 UN, 28.11

Zambia. 26.3 Zambian Beekeeping Handbook,

26.315

Zavaleta,|, 27.10 Zimbabwe. 28,11, 29.3.9 Ziziphus jujuba, 26,43 Zooming in on. 26.!3. 27 13.28.13.

29.11

14

products, 27,14

MacRobert.G F, 29.3 Madaha.|.26.7 Madeley.|, 27.14. 28,14

ODA. 28.8 oil seed, 27.13: 29.11

trustees, 28.8

One world, one village, one beekeeper, 28.6

Shenona Classics, 27,13 Shrestha.K K. 26,4.10, 27,8; 29.7

U

maize, 26,13, 29,11 Malawi, 28,11

Index prepared by Nicola Bradbear and

Overseas Development Administration . see ODA

Siddique.A B. 27,10 simsim, 26.9

Uganda. 26.7.8 Beekeepers Association, 26,12

Helen lackson Bees for Development 1993

Sharma.|. 28.14

Tropilaetaps clareae, 26,13

Beekeeping & Development is published quarterly by Bees for Development, Troy, Monmouth, NP5 4AB, UK. Telephone: 010 44 (0)600 713648 Fax: 010 44 (0}600 716167.

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