THE APRIN
THE CITY ON THE EDGE
THE APRIN
THE CITY ON THE EDGE Department of Landscape Architecture Cal Poly, Pomona LA 402 Winter 2017
Prepared for: WOODBINE ENTERTAINMENT SWA GROUP LAGUNA BEACH DEPARTMENT OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE CPP
Prepared by: Juan Prieto Robin Slovak Humberto Cardenas Shams Khoram
CONTENTS 1. PRECEDENTS 5-32 2. READINGS 33-40 3. TRENDS 41-44 4. FINDINGS 45-54 5. MASTER PLAN 55-112
SITE
684 ACRES
PEARSON INT. AIRPORT
1
D.T. TORONTO
620 ACRES 2
ALE B D X LV
HW
27 4 Y
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1.3
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ES
HW Y 27 .85 Mile s
1.2 Miles
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CHAPTER 1
Precedents
5
The Street: West Queen West
The Street: West Queen West
The Alley: Ossington Laneway
The Alley: Ossington Laneway
The Square: Nathan Philips Square
The Square: Nathan Philips Square
The Unique: Evergreen Brickworks
The Unique: Evergreen Brickworks
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MORPHOLOGY
The Street
7
The Alley
The Square
MORPHOLOGY
The Unique
8
QUEEN STREET WEST
9
SITE PLAN
QUEEN ST W
10
the street
WEST QUEEN WEST Parcel Zoning the Street
WEST QUEEN WEST COMMERCIAL
300
450
600
300
450
600
300
450
600
the Street
WEST QUEEN WEST RESIDENTIAL
the Street
WEST QUEEN WEST OPEN SPACE
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Above you can see the change occuring within the grains as you work your way from the residential zone into the commercial zone which is right along the Queen Street West. The section cut below gives the understanding of connection from the residents to the main street which serves as an advantage to the retail industry in relation to an increase in foot traffic. Other major factors also occur which are not visible in this simple section such as the diverse mom-and-pop shops along Queen Street West that seem to be compressed amongst eachother within the short distance of this street.
Residential
Arterial Street
Retail
Queen Street West
Retail/Office
9M
18M
36M
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OSSINGTON LANEWAY
13
gton
Ossin SITE PLAN
Ave n Quee
St. W
50’
100’
200’
14
MORPHOLOGY + TYPOLOGY
The Alley (Service Road)
Commercial Garage + Storage Residential
Inputs + Outputs
Existing Alley
15
Initial studies of the development of the Ossington Alleyway, an architecture that begins to amplify irregularity of the site condition through zoning of parcels and levels of enclosures.
Studies that record the influence over time and pressures asserted by past and current land owners.
Enclosures
Commercial Add-on Radical Form
MORPHOLOGY + TYPOLOGY
Existing Alley
Residential Parcels Commercial Parcels
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Ossington Ave
MORPHOLOGY + TYPOLOGY
Scenarios
3 Ossington Laneway scenarios that analyze the nature of spatial tension to establish different behaviors and develop an understanding of these radical forms.
Queen St. W
25m
77m
Queen St. W
25m Street Car
Queen St. W
12m
60m
25’
5m
50’
15m
100’
25m
Perspective illustrating the opening and closing of alleyways through observing the faรงade of the threshold with the street and interaction of space contained within a space.
MORPHOLOGY + TYPOLOGY
Tension dialogue perspective illustrating both residential and sporadic commercial zones. These occupied zones hold a tight dialogue with one another competing for space and clashing at the boundaries.
Perspective study of multiple enclosures within occupied zones. Studies revealed interaction between the occupant of the existing buildings, the occupants of the alleyway and the presence of the alley itself.
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NATHAN PHILIPS SQUARE
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Urban Forest
City Hall
Green Roof Peace Garden Theater Stage
Overhead Walkways
SITE PLAN
Water Feature
Roof Terrace
Restaurant
Reflection Pond Skate Pavilion
23M
Visitor Information Kiosk
92M 46M
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DIAGRAMS
1880
62.5M
250M 125M
1910
62.5M
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250M 125M
2017
DIAGRAMS
62.5M
250M 125M
Toronto’s downtown area underwent a dramatic urban grain shift in the last century. From 1880 to 2017, the district formerly know as ‘The Ward’ was a place for immigrants to find housing. It soon became over populated and transformed into slums. As time progressed newer buildings, such as third City Hall were built. The area took on the identity of downtown and more and more highrise buildings were built. Nathan Phillips Square and the fourth CIty Hall itself took out a whole block, formerly know as the First Chinatown. This displaced the Chinese citizens west in Toronto. Although it restructured the city’s grain, it developed what is now one of downtown’s most succesful square’s.
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DIAGRAMS
Elevated Walkway The morphology of the square is rectangular. It mimics the blocks shape. The square is defined however not by the block, but by the elevated walkway. This boundary animates the square by allowing movement on a higher level and surrounding the perimeter in trees.
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DIAGRAMS
Porous Edge With the walkway defining a boundary, it was a key design move to open up that boundary. The perforated elevated walkway creates a relationship for pedestrians facilitates movement and sight from square to the street.
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1910
DIAGRAMS
2017
Old New
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The former third city hall opened in 1899. With the opening of the new city hall n 1965, the former third city hall building was shut down and operates as a courthouse. The building is adjacent to Nathan Phillips Square and compliments the new city hall building, a clash of old and new. In contrast to the Old City Hall, the square allows public access and to be in proximity to City Hall, as opposed to the Old City Hall which was a barricaded fortress.
Raised DIAGRAMS
Sunken
Sunken and Raised The requirement for City Hall was to create more open space for public access. Many of the design entries used large rectangular buildings that left relatively little space for activity. This design maximized space by sinking tha main square and elevating a second square on top of businesses that also bears the cit hall building.
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URBAN FOREST
CITY HALL GREEN ROOF
PEACE GARDEN
THEATER STAGE WATER FEATURE
ROOF TERRACE REFLECTION POND RESTAURANT SKATE PAVILLION OVERHEAD WALKWAYS
VISITOR INFORMATION KIOSK
32.5’ 75’
27
150’
300’
Plan
7.25M
31M 15.5M
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EVERGREEN BRICKWORKS
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Don Valley Brickview Park
y Pk
wy
SITE PLAN
Ba
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av
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Don
Vall e
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Do
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Todmorden Mills Park
50m
100m
200m
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DIAGRAM
Historical Buildings Historic-These are the original buildings from the Don Valley Brick company that have been standing since 1889. These buildings have an Architectural foot print in the city of Toronto. Toronto’s most historic buildings are made by Don Valley Brick’s company, a large deposit of clay has provided the ingredients to make bricks throughout the 1900’s
New Buildings New Buildings- After the site went retrofitting in order to become a top ten geotourism site in the world it had added infrastructure to accommodate visitors and have multiple programming in collaboration with the surrounding environment and historic past. It has a wide variety of programming to accommodate all types events and businesses and services.
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Outdoor Progaming Outdoor programming- One of the main programming in the site is its emphasis on outdoor programming with natural systems throughout the parks that surround the Brickworks. With a large scale outdoor garden and a garden market it can be seen as a model for sustainability. The involvement in promoting sustainability has lead Evergreen to become known worldwide.
DIAGRAM
Capacity
-2000 People
Capacity- Evergreen brickworks is a multipurpose facility that involves public service to allowing people to host their wedding reception in the facility. A place where authentic vintage buildings can create a beautiful setting for wedding receptions or gathering events.
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Stan Allen’s essay on Mat Urbanism is a thought provoking investigation of mat building in architecture and urbanism – using Alison Smithson’s 1974 article on Mat-Building as a starting point, Allen then builds on the mat concept and it takes it from the architectural unit level or a building to a much larger scale (city scale). Allen goes over various mat projects reaching a distinction between mat building as an organizational strategy and architectural effect.
Readings Mat Urbanism Stan Allen
Mat building is not so much about the style or the appearance but more about the organization – buildings that are disjointed can be joined together by common organizational strategies. Allen describes these spatial patterns as similar in the way they begin to fall into place and the character of the void spaces that is formed by the architectural matter. Most importantly, the dynamics of mat building is that internally, buildings all host a porous connectivity and transitions.
Diagram 01:
In
Out
In
In
2
3
4
5
CHAPTER 2
1
In
Circulation
Plan
Mat building is loose in form that is based on the organization. Allen then describes mat building to urbanism as it would in turn connect to recent tendencies in the landscape architecture. “Where the thick 2d of the forest, field, or meadow creates a mat like effect of connection and emergence.
Axonometric
Diagram 02: Open
Dense
More Dense
Open
Dense
Dense
Open
Three Level Units Two Level Units One Level Units
Verticle + Horizontal Section Density
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Diagram 03:
Allen discusses the growth of suburbia in the late 20th century, in the United States as a prime example of the emergence of horizontal urbanism. Allen poses the question, “how can the new patterns of the contemporary city be woven into contemporary urbanism?”.
Nodes Connections
Most importantly, the dynamics of mat building is that internally, buildings all host a porous connectivity and transitions at a point of origin that is then distributed horizontaly.
Origins of mat urbanism: Close grained cellular structures
Connections
“Mat urbanism would in turn connect to recent tendencies in landscape architecture, where the “thick 2d” of the forest, field or meadow creates mat like effects of connectivity and emergence.” - says Allen
Where infrastructure is broken down into the stem or the cluster which aggregates similar structures and organizational elements.
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The Value of Values Kathryn Moore
The Street
READINGS
The Square
The Alley
The Unique
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READINGS While studying these four categories that comprise cities, a fifth option of study presented itself unique to Toronto. Torontonians truly value the Path system in their city. It connects the city in a way that the street and alley can’t.
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Spontaneous Urban Vegetation
CLIMATE CHANGE
Peter Del Tredici
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DISTURBED
UNDISTURBED
10-20 YEARS
10-20 YEARS
20-40 YEARS
40-60 YEARS
40-60 YEARS
60-80 YEARS STABILIZE
60-80 YEARS STABILIZE
CLIMATE CHANGE
20-40 YEARS
Spontaneous Urban Vegetation can be seen as a ecological economy that has its low points but always seems to adapt and find its way up due to human technological advancements. In the reading by Peter Del Tredeci he divides the reading into four phases, the first is The Urban Environment. The Urban Environment can be seen as how disturbances have changed soil and hydrologic characteristics which have lead to different growing conditions. The disturbed vs the undisturbed generated two categories that can be distinguished in growing cycles. The second is Spontaneous Urban Vegetation which explains the behind dispersal vegetation is cultural more than biological. Third is the North American Urban Vegetation which traces Europes deep ties with adaptive herbacious species who they brought with them in times of migration. Last is Managing Spontaneous Vegetation that points out how visible manifestation throughout the city can portray the city as neglected.
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STUDY AREAS, SITES, AND THE GEOGRAPHIC APPROACH TO PUBLIC ACTION Peter Marcuse
Argument:
The area of concern is not being commonly used in architecture and urban planning. This concept should be the starting point in any project.
Factors Outside
Area of Concern
DIVERSITY
Factors Inside
Study areas should not be viewed from only one perspective. For example, by starting at the site and looking outward with the intent that the end result of the development of the site will be successful. Rather the development of the site should start from the outside in by analyzing the community and addressing those concerns onto the site.
Site Source of the Problem
Site START
Study Area START
Study Area
Site begins with a given physical location and the study area may be secondary through the context of physical, social, or economic impact.
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Study area becomes the major concern and the source of the problem is determined as the site for action.
Study Area 1 Study Area 2 Study Area 3
The development of a site is influenced by the context within the boundary of the study area.
Site
DIVERSITY
How broad a context should be considered when attempting the study area? Study Area Building Heights? Building Form? Social Characteristics? History?
Site
Many areas of concern exist because multiple concerns are involved. What in the context justifies study?
Some areas of concern to be taken into consideration: -Physical -Historical -Planning -Market -Social -Democratic
What defines the boundary of the study area to a site?
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As our cities begin to increase in population and the demand for a new contemporary solution to the way we re-organize and bild our cities. At the forefront of Urbanization, a new way of perceiving and organizing our cities is emerging. The evolution of matbuilding is continuing to challenge the way we plan for the future. From mat-building to neo-matbuilding (recent trend) represents a very lteral mat-like appearance. Neo-mat-building is a contemporary approach for working with urban processes in a large scale.
Trends Mat Building to NeoMat Building
ORGANIZATION
Characteristics of Mat-Building:
Nodes Borders Linkages
Nodes Borders Linkages
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- Freedom of movement - Close knit patterns - Circulation - Diverse functions - Open ended unity - No hierarchy - 2-d connection Characteristics of Neo-MatBuilding: - Speed + Time - Dynamics - Landscape - Multi-dimensional network - Temporality - 4-d network - Invisible order Neo-Mat-Building is rather an assemblage of aggregation, propagation, and effects all over the place than it is a formal metaphor of the net-shaped mat. Landscape architecture as the primary driver playing the role of introducing a diverse range of functionality and infrastructure, neo-mat building performs a between subjective and objective deriving from liberation of ideology, space, structure, space, and behavior, representing urban chaos.
Adaptive Reuse
ROOF TOP GARDENS
SOLAR + NATURAL POWER
TRENDS
Tackling the climate change takes a variety of techniques but with technology it can be achieved and pave way for the sustainable design. There are multiple strategies that are being set to tackle the problem from all angles and scales. There is a short term strategy that will reduce 30% of greenhouse gas emissions. This will be followed up by a long term plan that stretches from 2020 to 2050 and reducing emissions by 80%. Toronto is a city that has a steady growing immigration influx. There will be prograns available to every resident and establishment. Businesse’s and city operations will have to abide by these rules. In the public spaces shade structures that provide solar power and still keeping trees that help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide air. Rooftop gardens will be introduce to provide food the is grown and distributed locally. It takes alot of energy to produce and deliver food, by producing it locally we cut fuel consumption. Reducing the amount of cars to help reduce emissions and creating space for the community. Better progamming for spaces that are designed for the people not the automobile.
TAKING BACK SPACE
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DIVERSITY
Urban Density
Urban Residential Course Grain
Corporate retail is known to take up the majority of space on a site resulting in a less diverse genre of retail. The morphology that is extracted from this type of massing is the result of less intersections as well as less foot traffic. Also, products sold from this category of retail produces less domestic products and generates less revenue that circulates within the local community.
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DIVERSITY
Commercial Fine Grain
Mixed Use Diversity
According to attorney Anne Kinkade from Paradigm Counsel, 75% of all new jobs in the United States are generated by family owned businesses. These family businesses are providing employment for about 63% of the workforce and generating 57% of the U.S. GDP. By incorporating small family owned businesses within a give region, the morphology of the street infrastructure can allow itself to be more flexible and propose more opportunity towards its local community.
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Findings Identifiable Neighborhoods
Old Town
1815
CHAPTER 4
Old Town
1820
New Town
St. Lawrance
1834
Roncevalles Village
1890
Early Neighborhoods
Rural Settlement
Liberty Village
Kensington Market
Parkdale
Corktown
1900
1920
1970
1980
Urban ‘Slums’
Postal District
The Projects
Commercial + Industrial
Yorkville
The Annex
Entertainment District
Church + Wellesley
High End Shopping District
Students
Condo Boom
Gay Community
Distillery District
E Bayfront
Woodbine
2005
2010
1980
The Cool
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New Town
1990
Sweet
2000
2050
The Horse
2005
Neighborhood in Motion
Toronto, Canada has begun embracing the cultural dynamics of its identified neighborhoods that are intrinsic to its character and the workings of the city, potentially activating the public realm that draws people from all over the world to these neighborhoods. The mapping manifest itself as the neighborhoods domain acting to better understand the organization and distribution of the neighborhood and retaining the delicate intimacy and identity of these radical neighborhoods.
An interest in the condition of organization and distribution over function and form was the main stimulus through this mapping. Distribution from one place to another due to tension and division. This mapping technique was derived from Guy Debord, The Naked City. In hopes to better understand the formation and movement of these neighborhoods through time
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UNDERGROUND
Internal Infrastructure
1973
1978
75M
300M 150M
1989
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2010
2017
Path System
TD Canada Trust Tower
Sofia Plaza
Trump International Hotel and Tower
First Canadian Place
UNDERGROUND
Bay-Wellington
Bay Adelaide Center
TD Tower
Commerce Court
The PATH system is effective because it makes connections all across the city. 18 of the 25 tallest buildings in Toronto are connected and more are soon to come.
Building Connection
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Public Libraries
+
Evergreen Brickworks
+
Distillery District
A public service to the people of Toronto has had tremendous impact on communities and new immigrants of Toronto. The trend of public service in Toronto area has had great effect on the new immigrant population coming into the country. The libraries located in Toronto have had a great impact on providing services to accomodate their arrivals to the country of Toronto. In this map we can see there are a large number of Libraries in a short raduis.
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Scale Comparison
Eaton Center 50 Million Visitors 140,000 m² 250 Stores 1,400 Parking Stalls 1,336 Food Court Seats
Mississauga Square One 24 Million Visitors 167,000 m² 360 Stores 8,350 Parking Stalls 1,100 Food Court Seats
Yorkdale Shopping Center 20 Million Visitors 158,000 m² 260 Stores 6,500 Parking Stalls 1,000 Food Court Seats
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Bramalea City Center 16 Million Visitors 140,000 m² 350 stores 6,110 Parking Stalls 1,0000 Food Court Stalls
Sherway Gardens 10 Million Visitors 121,000 m² 200 Stores 5,161 Parking Stalls 1,000 Food Court Seats
Vaughan Mills Mall Shop 13 Million Visitors 121,000 m² 250 Stores 6,500 Parking Stalls Food court: 1,000 seats
150M 300M
600M
900M
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Scale Comparison
24 Million
20 Million
16 Million
50 Million =
150M
110 Million Annual Potential Visitors
600M
900M
300M
By analyzing the statistics of these malls located within Toronto, it is clear to see that the amount of visitors tend to increase when there is a higher quantity of stores within the mall. When taking these highly populated malls and placing them onto a site such as the Woodbine Racetrack, one begins to visualize the opportunities a site at this scale can comprise of.
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Scale Comparison
84,542 sq m. | 21 acres of retail stores The economic success that is generated from small family owned business provides great opportunities for its local community and city. On Queen St. West, the trend of having family owned businesses is still existing and the strong personal connection that this street has with its local community is what keeps the retail on this street alive. By merging the floor plan area of these stores into one block, it will only take up about 1/9th of the land use at the Woodbine Racetrack.
Fills 1/9th of Phase 1
West Queen West Street Front Retail
3,824 m 12546 ft. of linear road
150M 300M
600M
900M
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Master Plan
CHAPTER 5
The Aprin
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If one looks at a typical apron adjacent to the race track, some distinct opportunities or characteristics can be discovered. Woodbine’s apron offers a spacious area that allows one to stay close to the action and right next to the rail. The apron also offers an opportunity to access the infield. A day at Woodbine race track is not complete without experiencing at least one race up close and personal. The majority of the apron are accessible by anyone who wishes to enter the thrill and excitement. From the grand stand or the lounge can be seen as the main focal point of personal excitement. It’s a unique space which can be used differently by each inhabitant. By keeping this in mind and adapting the design to it, so that the final results combines certain unity with an identity that could not be experienced anywhere else. The APRIN can be seen as an intelligent way to bring the city up front and personal to the apron. The urban mass of most cities consist of dense high-rise development. Building big is not however our intent with building a unique city that establishes identity around the legacy of horse racing. How can we activate the apron by looking at distinct neighborhoods in Toronto? Can their distribution and organization make a city? The concept is not new, as Identifiable neighborhoods such as Yorkville, Distillery District, Kensington
Market, and even major streets such as West Queen St. in Canada have already successfully embraced the typology and become the celebrated precedents of urbanism. The best of these combine the strict order of the grid or the block, with the disorder and diversity of individual infills, thus creating a strong foundation for long lasting and lively neighborhoods. Sometime new infills appear and old ones disappear. Sometimes a façade changes color or a building changes function. The woodbine race track is defined by the apron surrounding the race track vulnerable to ecological corridors, public transportation and education. Maintaining these connections means maintaining the site’s strongest feature (the race track). The ecological corridor acts an identity band that encloses the commercial and entertainment development of the site. The blocks are oriented in a regular grid (east to west) according to sun light, and the race track providing connections between blocks. These blocks are then diversified with different heights, widths, and functions of buildings. Prominent buildings are internally connected as key points for orientation. Within the buildings, what is normally dead space becomes active over time. The results of this vision is a differentiated city consisting of an apron surrounded by the legacy of horse racing.
Queensplate 1973
Queen Elizabeth II attends the Queensplate Race every so often to honor the royal family tradition. In 1973 when she attended, there was a record breaking attendance of over 40,000 people. That amount of people operates at the scale of a city. She watches the race from the Royal Box, too bad she wasn’t at the Apron.
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THE APRON
1. The (usually) paved area betwee surface.
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en the grandstand and the racing
Apron 1/2 Acre 58
The Apron 1920’s
Socializing
Views 59
Fashion
Gathering 60
The Apron 2017
Advertising
Inside and Outside 61
Above an
The R
nd Below
Rail
Far and Wide
Intrerstitial Space 62
Vision Statement We envision the Apron to be the catalyst for the city on the track, the APRIN. By creating a city on the race track’s edge, horse racing and legacy are interwoven into the urban fabric of everyday life.
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T St ran at si io t n
EXISTING
65 WRAP T St ran at si io t n
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Concept
CONNECT
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WRAP
DUPLICATE
COMPRESS
CONNECT
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Objectives
In giving shape and form to Woodbine, we follow these main principles: 1.
Identity Preserve the identity of race track
2. Celebrate Open and Celebrate the ‘APRIN’ all around 3. Connect Anchor, link, and extend 4. Frame Define settings that tell and evolve the programming of Woodbine from historical
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Identity
TRACK
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Celebrate: Open + Celebrate
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Connect: Anchor + Extend
HUMBER RIVER QUEEN’S PLATE DR.
MIMICO CREEK
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Connect: Link
TRANSIT STATION
TRANSIT STATION
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Frame
72
Master Plan
73
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Neighborhoods
75
Block Density
76
New Roads
77
Preservation Fabric
78
Transit Network + Hubs
79
Parking Below Grade
80
Open Space + Public Realm
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Aprin + Trails + Bycicles + Pedestrian
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Minor + Major Access
Rex
dale
BLV
D
Rex
dale
BLV
D
HW
Y4
27
LRT
7
Y2
HW
Minor Access City Access
27
Major Access
LRT
Y4
Trolly
HW
LRT (Light Rail)
LRT
Infield Access Service Access Urban Densities Nature Access Parking
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Carlingview Dr.
Capacity
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Queens Plate Drive + Lexie Lou park
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Queens Plate Drive
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Lexie Lou Park
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Queens View
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Pasture Walk At Lexie Lou Park
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Transit Hub
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Aprin Building Type
MID RISE + OFFICE
RESIDENTIAL + MIXED USE
OFFICE
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PAVILION
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Aprin
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Infield Park
99
100
Infield Park
101
102
Grand View
103
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Grand View Drive + Lexie Lou Drive King George
105
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Street Diagram
Legend City Access Service Access Underground Parking Transit Nature Access
THE APRIN
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Complete Street Diagram
108
Street Render
109
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Aprin Experience
SHOPPING
GAM
DINING
RELAXING 111
SKATI
MING
ING
WORKING
CELEBRATING
WANDERING 112
On behalf of the class of 2017 we would like to thank SWA, Woodbine Entertainment Group and Andy Wilcox for a memorable collaboration.