Digital Design m3 journal（H1）

Digital Design - Module 03 CHUYIN QI

1020385 Joel Collins Studio 10 Semester 1, 2020

Critical Reading: Schuere & Stehling, 2011. Lost in Parametric Space. AD. In Schurer’s text, Parametric Space, he discuss Abstraction, Reduction and Normalisation in Computer Aided Design (CAD).

Using your design experience in M3, describe the process of Abstraction (in shape and detail), Reduction and Normalisation you have deploied in your design process? Use evidance (such as screenshot of your digital model or matrix) to support your argument.

Abstraction means to systematically develop a general solution suiting all individual components. It starts with some cases to develope the parametric solution to handle the cases. As for Reducton, according to Parametric Space, CAD domain, reduction can happen in defferent levels. In CAD system, higher level could be produced to the designer with more interesting change. It is more like a optimal way to transport the information rather than just reducing it. Then, in Normalisation, for example, grasshopper could provides a model that could use graph cisually and make interaction between user and model.

In my design, I used grasshopper to achieve parametric adjustment for my design, which shows how CAD manage Abstraction in my design. For example, I use range and series to make the changes of heights in each points on the curve. The way of how to change the heights is to adjust different number in grassopper. Next, this points could reform the new curve that doesn’t belong to one surface but at different levels. As you can see, I only have to adjust numbers from input and they generate “Parametric“ model for me as a result. (fig 1)As for Reduction, Loft process actually used this method to reduce several datas (curves )and make them to one single list. Normalization mostly happened in my terrain and tween curves. With the use of image sample and grey mapping. Grasshopper actually sets a standard model and data to calculate the result based on my own model.

Normalisation

Abstraction proccess

Reduction

Module 3 Reflection Questions: A. What is the key concept explored through your design?

My Pavilion provides a temporary resting place for people. Since Victoria Garden has a theme about art performance, what I think of is how to combine pavilion with art and environment.

I thought of a butterfly-like shape, combined with the terrain and pavilion, to form a streamlined transition.

After then, the pavilion can be opened, facing the audience and forming a good vision.

B. Describe the quality of space in your pavilion design.

According to the sunshine time, direction and temperature of Melbourne, we cannot design a very closed space, but at the same time, we have to make sure that people have enough shelter.

Pavilion itself has two layers, one layer is waffle, facing the inner space. The other layer is the outer shell, and some parts of the shell have reflective paint to reflect the light. Spatial experience that divides pavilion into two spaces inside and outside from a two-story structure C. How does threshold and circulation shape your design?

1. I imagined that pavilion itself has main circulation areas, one is a formal internal space resting place, and the other is the threshold represented by stairs, and the transition space is on the edge of pavilion.

2.For the peripheral landscape and outside of rest area of pavilion, ​​ there are secondary circulation areas, an outdoor small square and three outdoor auditoriums & rest seats facing pavilion. These spaces also constitute the outer circulation area.

3. For spectators or resters who do not want to sit down, they enter the third circulation area. These spaces are the observation platform raised by the terrain and the rest platform against the pavilion.

D. What parametric design strategy did you deploy to develop your design intention?

Since my pavilion has a strong streamlined shape, I refer to the shape of the Harbin Opera House and use pufferfish and sequence difference. But since I have two structures of waffle and shell. So I divided into two parameters to adjust. One is to form a waffle by increasing the internal thickness of the muscle, and the other is to adjust the gap between each shell to achieve a certain height.

For the design of the terrain, I used grayscale drawing as iamge sample. And the closer to the pavilion, the darker the color, which proves that the area of the ​​ pavilion is the lowest part. People can look at the pavilion from above

CASE STUDY

The picture on the left is a unicorn business center designed by Zaha Studio, with coordinates in Chengdu and Sichuan. Since the case is built on a small island to sit on, its shape is more in line with the shape of the island, and has a Zaha-style curved landscape, so I thought of such a case to integrate the landscape of my design. It can be seen that some of the considered landscapes have transitioned to natural landscapes, I think this is a natural combination from nature to architecture.

The picture on the right is the Harbin Opera House. First of all, because pavilion has the nature of performance, the case of finding the opera house is also very meaningful. In addition, the streamlined surface can well blend nature and Zaha-style landscape. At the same time, such a surface can also lay the foundation for the waffle structure I want to make.

Combining the above two cases, I think how to integrate pavilion and land formed the most important step

In this picture, I mainly included landscape, materials and texture, as well as structural content. The purpose is to allow people to see my design ideas more clearly and intuitively.

Exploded Isometric-Pavilion 0

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The shell has three parts, with a certain gap between each part. Let pavilion not be completely closed. In addition, the shell material is grc concrete, and its material supplier has a linear reflective paint, which not only allows part of the sunlight to be reflected, but also makes the building look lighter from the outside.The shell has three parts, with a certain gap between each part. Let pavilion not be completely closed. In addition, the shell material is grc concrete, and its material supplier has a linear reflective paint, which not only allows part of the sunlight to be reflected, but also makes the building look lighter from the outside

CHUYIN QI 1020385

Since my landscape is larger than pavilion, I need to think about controlling their proportions. In the iso chart, I mainly used the SW perspective to observe the entire design. First, SW can clearly reflect my landscape layout.

Second, the SW direction is convenient for me to analyze the internal structure of pavilion with an explosion diagram.

M3 - U&Butterfly Pavilion

ISOMETRIC DRAWING

The internal structure is also a supporting structure, consisting of a waffle with a single direction and a partially vertical direction. Materials room seasoned timber. The materials of warm colors can give the building a light feeling, but also combine with nature. In addition, wood can also give people a more intimate experience

Belongs to the second circulation, it provides a resting place for people who take outdoor breaks and watch

I think the landscape and texture of iso are very important. Because in black and white, the most important purpose is to identify different materials.

Therefore, the help of texture is more needed. In addition, the landscape is also very important for the formation of buildings. As you can see, some of my terrain is also undulating, so I have to mark their location with shadows and what kind of trees they have.

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Main circulation

The external stands, used for the third circulaton people who are not like sitting down and just standing high up to watch the show

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For the exploded part, I used a 1:25 ratio to represent pavilion, so that people can more clearly see the combination principle of the two structures inside and outside.

Part of the terrain protruding terrain can disperse the flow of people

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DIAGRAMS Circulation Diagram Circulation Diagram (1,2&3) 0

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1:100 @ A1 Square 1:100 @ A1 Square

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Circulation Diagram Circulation Diagram (1,2&3) 0

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Structure Waffle Structure 1:100 @ A1 Square 1:100 @ A1 1Square 1Waffle

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1:100 @ A1 Square 1:100 @ A1 Square Structure Waffle Structure 1 1Waffle

Threshold Diagram (1,2&3) Threshold Diagram 0

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1:100 @ A1 Square 1:100 A1 Square Structure Waffle Structure 1 @Waffle

1 Base Pavilion Base 2 2Pavilion

Structure Waffle Structure 1 1Waffle

Density andand circulation (Pavilion) Density circulation (Pavilion) 3 3

Density andand circulation (Pavilion) Density circulation (Pavilion) 3 3

Area (Pavilion) Inner Area (Pavilion) 3 3Inner

Area (Pavilion) Inner Area (Pavilion) 3 3Inner

HighHigh Density Density Mid Mid Density Density

Circulation, Path andand Gathering Circulation, Path Gathering

Site) Area(Whole Site) 4 4Area(Whole

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Section ofof Matrix Section Matrix Process Diagram Process Diagram

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Base Pavilion Base 2 2Pavilion

1 1 Tween Curve

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Base Pavilion Base 2 2Pavilion

LowLow Density Density

en Surface Curve Offset

Threshold Diagram (1,2&3) Threshold Diagram 0

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HighHigh Density Density

1 Mid 1 Mid Density Density

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Circulation, Path andand Gathering Circulation, Path Gathering

Site) Area(Whole Site) 4 4Area(Whole

MainMain Circulation AreaArea Circulation

MainMain Circulation AreaArea Circulation

Secondary Circulation AreaArea Secondary Circulation

Secondary Circulation AreaArea Secondary Circulation

ThirdThird Circulation AreaArea Circulation

ThirdThird Circulation AreaArea Circulation

MainMain Gathering AreaArea Gathering

MainMain Gathering AreaArea Gathering

Secondary Gathering AreaArea Secondary Gathering

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Secondary Gathering AreaArea Secondary Gathering

ThirdThird Gathering AreaArea Gathering

ThirdThird Gathering AreaArea Gathering

MainMain Circulation PathPath Circulation

MainMain Circulation PathPath Circulation

Secondary Circulation PathPath Secondary Circulation

Secondary Circulation PathPath Secondary Circulation

Transition Space Transition Space Boundary between innerinner areaarea Boundary between andand outer areaarea outer Access Access

Area (Landscape) Outer Area (Landscape) 4 4Outer

InnerInner AreaArea Transition Space Transition Space Outer AreaArea Transition Outer Transition Space Space Boundary between EnvironBoundary between Environment andand Overall AreaArea ment Overall

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Access Access

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Circulation Diagram Circulation Diagram (4)

Circulation Diagram Circulation Diagram (4)

Threshold Diagram (4) Threshold Diagram

Threshold Diagram (4) Threshold Diagram

1:150 @ A1 Square 1:150 @ A1 Square

1:150 @ A1 Square 1:150 @ A1 Square

1:150@ A1 A1 Square 1:150@ Square

1:150@ A1 A1 Square 1:150@ Square

Waffle Structure

My circulation is divided into three levels, the first circulation (pavilion area), the second circulation (outdoor seating), and the third circulation (outdoor platform). These three circulations correspond to people with different needs.

For example, some people do not want to enter the pavilion to appreciate, they can stand in the third circulation to listen to music, etc. For pavilion, his interior is also divided into two parts: rest and performance, which also correspond to different crowd densities.

Base Pavilion Base 2 2Pavilion

Transition Space Transition Space Boundary between innerinner areaarea Boundary between andand outer areaarea outer Access Access

Area (Landscape) Outer Area (Landscape) 4 4Outer

InnerInner AreaArea Transition Space Transition Space Outer AreaArea Transition Outer Transition Space Space Boundary between EnvironBoundary between Environment andand Overall AreaArea ment Overall Access Access

Since my landscape is radial, I really want the wings of butterflies. Therefore, the transition space from the environment to the landscape is at the edge of the wings. And for outdoor and indoor spaces, there is also a transition space to guide people from outdoor to indoor

GRASSHOPPER SCRIPT Apply into the curve Using Divided Curve to divide 120 points in curves

Using Offsetsrf to for shelter and then using Pufferfish to make some linear pipe for boolean with shelter to create some subtractive gap

Bake

Using Range of points and Loft to reference surface for inner waffle Using range and series of heights to adjust different heights in every curve

Using Loft to Loft reference surface for outer shelter

Using Offsetsrf and Contour for inner waffle(XZ Waffle)

ITERATION MATRIX The iteration matrix reflects the production process of a pavilion. For my design, I started with a few simple geometric shapes, and used different curves as the cutting point to change the height in the grasshopper, and finally formed a shell-shaped pavilion In fact, the changes in the first few parts are very easy. The most important thing is how to connect my body and the internal waffle support structure. I used offsets in both directions to create two thicknesses.

Then make the inner thickness into waffle shape. And for another external thickness. Pufferfish is used to add some rich shapes to the surface

In addition, it is also very focused to adjust the height of each curve. Because I use the divided curves of different ranges to increase the height of the series. In order to ensure that each curve is in the right position, I tried many times

Rough plan drawing

Start to use Grasshopper and adjust different heights

Different heights represent different gaps between each curve

After the test, try to focus all the lines in a specific direction and prevent the surface from being distorted

After the test, try to focus all the lines in a specific direction and prevent the surface from being distorted

This step is mainly to unify the previous lines and loft into a complete curved surface, so that afterwards offset into a volume with a certain thickness.

In this step, I also want to ensure that no distorted surfaces occur. And can effectively offset.

Loft inner surface for Waffle part

After the test, try to focus all the lines in a specific direction and prevent the surface from being distorted.

In this step, I also lofted the surface that waffle needs, so that the offset will form a certain thickness later. I only used a partial curve to accomplish this goal, because all closed pavilion would look too heavy

In the offset link, I used a shell with an internal thickness of 200 and an external thickness of 80 to form the basic required shape. Before the shape of the waffle was formed, I considered the specific waffle direction, and finally took x-z as the main direction, but the number of x was much more than z. This is because the unidirectional waffle would not block people’s sight. zwaffle for structural reinforcement

In the last step, I used puffer fish and pipe to subtract the shell part into trenches. And these concave parts will be coated with reflective paint, which makes the pavilion lighter under the daylight.

In the end, pavilion formed a semi-open space composed of waffle and shell. The edge of pavilion forms a transition space, providing a good cover for people who want to stay

GRASSHOPPER SCRIP& MATRIX-TERRAIN Grey image sample

Import site Refine Level=2

Height change=2500mm

Mesh all site

GRASSHOPPER SCRIP& MATRIX-TERRAIN

For the terrain part, I used the gray-scale terrain method to perfectly combine my terrain with the environment and buildings.

First, I draw and color my plan in black and white. After ensuring the gray scale, importing the written gray scale terrain allows him to gradually form the height change I want. Through adjustment, my height is set within 2500mm, and the smoothness is level 4

TEXTURES & MATERIALS 1. For pavilion and pedestal and landscape walls, I used Grc concrete textures and materials. In order to make my pavilion better integrate with the environment and does not look very heavy, GRC concrete material is a good choice. In addition, the color of grc can not be so dark, it seems that the atmosphere of the building will not be very tense.

2. For some ellipsoids that directly contact the ground, I used pearl granite. This can not only divert the crowd, but also simulate the rocks of nature and create a natural transition.

3. For the waffle part, I used the plywood material and adjusted the color to warm orange. Because the color of concrete is whitegray, the orange plywood can over-atmosphere and warm the interior space. And more suitable for performances and other indoor activities.

1. GRC Concrete

2. Pearl Granite

3. Plywood

4. Seasoned Timber

4. For the rest of the seat (including the interior of the pavilion), I used seasoned timber, the wood can be closer to nature. People sit on it and feel relaxed, it doesn’t look very cold

RENDER GALLERY-MATERIAL

Step 1- Basic Model

Step 2- Layers

First of all, in the first step, my model has not distinguished materials, unified as plastic materials, but laid the foundation for my materials and lighting effects.

I divided different materials into different layers and wrote them by name.

Among them, I will combine the same material into a group first, so as to divide the layers later

Classify the groups of previously grouped groups into the corresponding layers for later modification

RENDER GALLERY-MATERIAL Step 3- Materials

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The material is divided into four steps. First, add the desired material name to the material selector. Then enter enscape to choose your own texture, adjust the brightness and parameters. Use the mapping box to map the material to the surface of the object. Finally, adjust the uvw value and angle 2

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RENDER GALLERY-MATERIAL Step 3- Material parameters

Material - GRC Concrete Bump=8.0 Reflection metal=0 Reflection Specular=37.2 Y Rotation=-27.890 U Repeat=50 V Repeat=10 W Repeat=10

Material - Granite Bump=10.0 Roughless=63 Reflection metal=0 Reflection Specular=0 Y Rotation=0 U Repeat=50 V Repeat=10 W Repeat=10

Material - Reflective Paint Roughless=4.6 Reflection metal=100

Material - GRC Concrete Reflection metal=11.6 Reflection Specular=50 Y Rotation=0 U Repeat=20 V Repeat=5 W Repeat=5

Material - GRC Concrete Roughless=5 Image Fade=68 Reflection Specular=54.1 U Repeat=8 V Repeat=1 W Repeat=1

RENDER GALLERY-EVIRONMENT Step 1 - Vegetation

Material - Grass Texture Height Change=65 U Repeat=1 V Repeat=1 W Repeat=1 Specular=29.6

Material - Tree Model Types: 1.Trees (seasonal evergreen and autumn trees), 2.Shrubs

I choose grass that is not so dark, so that the color is better in the sun. And I also increased the specular reflection of the grass, because some grass has a smooth texture and may have a reflective effect. In addition, I adjusted the height of the exercise to make the height of the grass different, which makes the lawn part more real.

I also added public facilities, such as benches, street lights, etc., to prepare for the video.

Background-City

RENDER GALLERY-EVIRONMENT Step 3 - People&Light

Since my pavilion is characterized by being connected to the terrain.

So I set up people who sit and stand to achieve the effect of different terrain heights on them.

Because pavilion mainly performs and watches, the types of people are more casual.

For artificial light, I set him around the bench outside pavilion and the bottom of pavilion’s chair. Among them, a part of the light source is set up outside because my pavilion part is reflective paint. Therefore, such a light source forms diffuse reflection. In addition, because I want the whole atmosphere to be warmer, and people also have a sacred feeling in the performance, so I chose the internal light at the bottom

RENDER GALLERY-EVIRONMENT Step 4 - Camera Choice for image

RENDER GALLERY-EXPORTING Step 4 - Adujustment and Exporting

Day Aug 15 Time: 7:36:05 This view could show different heights of pavilion and landscape. It is easy to put the people in there and see what is happening inside and outside of the pavilion

RENDER GALLERY-VIDEO CAMERA Step 1 - Set Camera

1 From the road Time:7am

2 Back Time 8-11am

3 Detail Time 11-13pm

This site shows how pavilion looks like from road to site.By using The Back of pavilion show the entrance of pavilion depth of field , it would be intersting to show how people look at it

Wood provides interior material and it is essential to show some details

4 Interior Time 15-16pm

5 Outer area Time 15-17pm

6 Overall Site Time 17:30pm

This angle of view is clear to show interior and main circulation area

This view could tell how people sit on the outside of pavilion and look at the performance from inside

Overall site shows how the whole pavilion including landscape form the area

POST PROCESSING-RENDERED PICTURE Step 1 - Exporting Image

POST PROCESSING-RENDERED PICTURE Step 2 - Photoshop

In photoshop, I carried out the process of adding colors, adding plants and characters, and adding filters.

In addition, I also brightened some shadow colors to make the building look slightly lower in contrast.

POST PROCESSING-RENDERED PICTURE Contrast

As you can see the comparison chart.

I mainly use it for filters, the color has been replaced and adjusted.

In the first picture, I added some bushes to wrap the naked concrete and soften the edge lines. At the same time, I lowered the contrast to make the light softer.

On the second way, I used the color analysis of the rendering channel to increase the brightness of the background street lights. This can make the background more deep.

For the third picture, I added not only bushes, but also some smoke effects.

Make the foggy picture more real and throughout the building. At the same time, the effect of smoke can also reduce the over-black effect caused by the colors of certain shadows. At the same time, I also replaced the attached lawn with my material, brightening the shadow to make the shadow part clearer.

POST PROCESSING-FINAL RENDERED PICTURE

POST PROCESSING-VIDEO EDITING

I imported each scene separately into video editing software. First of all, I make the most peripheral video as the primary reference, and then I will sit in the second half of the video with the details and perspective. Secondly, I use text to add to make people more clearly understand the content of each frame of my video. In addition, I also added music as a background to make the whole picture look more vivid and emotional

M3 - U&BUTEERFLY

ISOMETRIC MODEL DRAWING

3d printing and waffle intersection: Glue together

CHUYIN QI - 1020385

In the section, first I created a 200*300*150 box, and adjusted a certain angle to the appropriate cutin surface, and used booleansplit to decompose the model.

Among them, I need to switch the different widths to the thickness suitable for the model and scale it. I used laser cutting to make the terrain, and the main building was 3D printed.

During this period, the key issue is that the contour line required for laser cutting must be closed.

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Laser-cut White Mountboard(1.0 mm) Laser cut two same geometry and Glue together to form a 2mm height contour. same with other laser cut

Intersection of jammed paper and 3D printing-Glue togather

Intersection with waffle: Laser cut with White Mountboard(1mm)

Section Cut

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M3 - U&BUTEERFLY

EXPLODED ISOMETRIC MODEL DRAWING 1. Base for pavilion: 3D Print for GRC Concrete(Combined with 5) 2. Terrain: White Mountboard(1mm) for Earth 3. Supporter for back bench: White Mountboard(1mm) for GRC Concrete 4. Back bench: 3D Print for GRC Concrete

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5. Stairs and bench inside of the pavilio: 3D Print for Timber(combined with 1)

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6. Shell of pavilion: 3D Print for GRC Concrete

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7. Waffle structure: White Mountboard(1mm) for Plywood In the process of conceiving the model, I had to consider making some other materials into the same material. For example, I divided the foundations of timber and pavlion into 3D printed parts, so that it can form a whole.

In addition to this, I also transformed the terrain. Because the spacing of a contourline of 1mm is relatively small, I superimpose two contourlines of the same shape to form a thickness of 2mm, so that each height difference is 2mm, and the height change in reality is 50mm, which is closer to the real terrain.

For the part to be joined, I will use U glue for bonding.

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COMPONENT: WAFFLE STRUCTURE

The picture shows the laser cutting. In this page and step, we learned how to use another technology to build our waffle model. I chose Waffle part and Terrain part to set. In this process, we have several notice. The first one is that we should use different layers to identify which we shoud cut and which should only be labelled.Obviously, the text should be labelled and the edge of each shape should cut. Therefore, the text is shown red and cutting edge shows black.

However, one of the edges in each shape should be labelled red as it is etch. Besides, I leave the gap between each other so that the laser cutting would be cut accuratly with each object. Also, I divide waffle into X and Y waffle part in oder to identify clearly and know to to make physical model.

As for material, we should also add the name of material - Mountboard 1mm.

Since each contour of my terrain is composed of two 1mm cut shapes, I only need to copy one of the cut combinations. In addition, I also added two 200*300 at the bottom for fixing

When bonding the terrain, I use UHU glue to align and stick each part together.

The reason why the terrain is made in this way is because contour lines can reflect the environment well, including the gentle slope, etc.

Since each contour of my terrain is composed of two 1mm cut shapes, I only need to copy one of the cut combinations. In addition, I also added two 200*300 at the bottom for fixing

For the Waffle part, I used grasshopper to first form a rectangular box in the center, and then used solid differece to cut off the excess part to form a gap.

Only model, I can more easily go through it manually.

Intersection with waffle: Laser cut with White Mountboard(1mm)

COMPONENT: SHELL CLADDING

Because some parts of 3d print is bigger. I use two types of Makerbot to print.O ne is Replicator+ and another one is Replicator Z18(for stairs and foundation).

I divided it into three prints because my model is still relatively large.

In addition, I also divided my shell into three separate parts for printing, and finally glued them together in waffle. The bonding material is still UHU

APPENDEX

Contour Grasshopper and Labelling

Brep

Brep edges

Labelling

APPENDEX

Other Attempt

This is another previous attempt to design linear shape in my pavilion.Also, I used Pufferfish as my reference to create several curves on the shell. As you can see, I studied how pipes lighten at night. I think this would be interesting to shape the direction of pavilion. However, though I used Pufferfish as this characteristic to add linear directon in my current pavilion, I didn't use peiple to lighten. Instead, I booleaned the pipe and volume and painted with reflective paint so that the pavilion doesn't have to lighten by itself, but by nature