BIONOTICIAS 5ª semana de octubre 2024

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BioNoticias

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BioNoticias. Resumen de prensa semanal

Elaborado por la Biblioteca de Biología. Universidad de Salamanca

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Biología

El genoma de las tortugas aporta nuevas claves sobre la evolución de los vertebrados

Un equipo internacional de científicos han ensamblado los genomas de dos especies de tortugas de cuello oculto inéditos hasta ahora.

Revelan que ya existía simbiosis en corales de hace 385 millones de años

En el Devónico Medio (hace unos 385 millones de años) se formaron enormes arrecifes de coral, muchos de los cuales se conservan como estructuras fosilizadas en la actual Europa, Norteamérica, África, Australia, Siberia y China.

¿Por qué nos gustan tanto las patatas fritas? La respuesta está en el ADN antiguo

Nuestra atracción por las patatas fritas, la pasta, el pan o los dulces viene de un gen, responsable de la digestión del almidón en la saliva, que se duplicó cuando aún habitábamos en cavernas.

Los roedores emulan la magia de los 'Jedi' para mejorar su olfato

Un nuevo estudio sugiere que los roedores son capaces de mover materia a distancia utilizando el sonido para mejorar su sentido del olfato, emulando las técnicas de los Jedi de 'Star Wars'.

Alaska's Iliamna Lake Harbor seals genetically isolated from entire Pacific Ocean

Alaska's Iliamna Lake harbor seals have been difficult to study because of their remoteness.

Real-time visualization of chick embryo development from egg to chick

Researchers have developed a method for culturing fertilized chick eggs without their shells.

Plant guard cells can count environmental stimuli

Plants adapt their water consumption to environmental conditions by counting and calculating environmental stimuli with their guard cells.

Environmental

DNA and epidemics

in wood frogs

Environmental DNA, also known as eDNA, is genetic material shed from animals and plants that scientists can use to tell what kinds of organisms are living in an environment.

Plankton balloon to six times their size in newly discovered mode of oceanic travel

Many plankton journey from the cold, dark depths of our oceans to the surface, only to eventually drift down again into the darkness in a perpetual rhythm.

Rare fossils of extinct elephant document the earliest known instance of butchery in India

Scientists have discovered the earliest evidence of animal butchery by humans in India.

Creating a simplified form of life

Identifying the genes that viruses 'steal' from ocean microbes

A new study gets scientists closer to more fully understanding where viruses fit into the global ocean picture of cycling nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and, of particular interest, carbon.

Key protein for the biosynthesis of defense steroids in solanaceous plants discovered

Researchers identify the crucial protein for controlling the biosynthesis of steroidal glycoalkaloids and saponins in plants of the genus Solanum and for the first time demonstrate the ecological role of steroidal saponins in insect defense.

How can lifeless molecules come together to form a living cell?

Scientists discover how fungi interact with soil actinomycetes

In a recent study, researchers investigated the interactions between Pyricularia oryzae, the rice blast fungus, and the beneficial soil bacterium Streptomyces griseus.

Soil's secret language: Researchers decode plant-to-fungi communication

Researchers have cracked the code of plant-to-fungi communication in a new study.

Full-bodied cheese flavor quickly and efficiently

Peptides formed during cheese ripening are crucial for the fullbodied flavor of aged cheeses, known as kokumi.

From Catwoman to Han Solo, newly discovered wasps named after famous thieves

Twenty-two new species of gall wasps have been identified and named, thanks to new research.

Geometric mechanics shape the dog's nose

The noses of many mammals, such as dogs, ferrets and cows, feature grooves forming a multitude of polygons.

Researchers use the sounds of healthy coral reefs to encourage growth of a new species of coral larvae

Healthy coral reefs echo with a chorus of grunts and purrs from fish feeding, looking for mates, or defending their territories, underscored by the persistent crackling of snapping shrimp.

New tool enables a more complete and rapid decoding of the language of algal gene expression

A new method that research teams can use to measure and compare different forms of proteins and protein complexes helped reveal a previously unseen molecular signature of how algal genomes are controlled during the cell cycle.

Marine bacterium: Catching prey with grappling hooks and cannons

Researchers have analyzed down to the smallest detail the unusual arsenal of weapons that a predatory marine bacterium has at its disposal.

Biomedicina

Novel antibody platform tackles viral mutations

Scientists have developed an innovative antibody platform aimed at tackling one of the greatest challenges in treating rapidly evolving viruses like SARS-CoV-2: their ability to mutate and evade existing vaccines and therapies.

Immunotherapy blocks scarring, improves heart function in mice with heart failure

Researchers have reduced scar formation and improved heart function in mouse models of heart failure using a monoclonal antibody treatment, similar to that approved by the FDA to treat other conditions.

How ovarian cancer disables immune cells

Researchers have discovered a mechanism that ovarian tumors use to cripple immune cells and impede their attack -- blocking the energy supply T cells depend on.

A 'chemical ChatGPT' for new medications

Researchers have trained an AI process to predict potential active ingredients with special properties.

The decision to eat may come down to these three neurons

Manipulating a newly identified neural circuit can curb appetite or spur massive overeating.

Researchers flip genes on and off with AI-designed DNA switches

Researchers have used artificial intelligence to design thousands of new DNA switches that can precisely control the expression of a gene in different cell types.

Risk of cardiovascular disease linked to long-term exposure to arsenic in community water supplies

Long-term exposure to arsenic in water may increase cardiovascular risk and especially heart disease risk even at exposure levels below the federal regulatory limit, according to new research.

Safety and security: Study shines light on factors behind refugees' resilience

A systematic review has identified several strong protective and promotive factors that are associated with better mental health outcomes among refugee adults.

Cannabis use in adolescence: Visible effects on brain structure

A collaborative study sheds light on how cannabis use affects brain development in young people, the main one being atrophy of certain regions of the cerebral cortex.

AI eye to eye with ophthalmologists in diagnosing corneal infections, study finds

Eye care specialists could see artificial intelligence help in diagnosing infectious keratitis (IK), a leading cause of corneal blindness worldwide, as a new study finds that deep learning models showed similar levels of accuracy in identifying infection.

Re-engineered, blue light-activated immune cells penetrate and kill solid tumors

A team has re-engineered immune cells with a light-activated switch that modulates protein function and cellular behaviour.

Data security: Breakthrough in research with personalized health data

The European research project 'Federated Secure Computing' presents a new approach that allows patient data from different institutions to be analysed securely and anonymously.

Clinical study confirms tissue stiffening in breast cancer can drive metastasis

Researchers evaluated tissues for fibrosis using MeCo Score, a diagnostic tool that can potentially predict the likelihood of relapse or recurrence among patients with early-stage breast cancer.

A fully automated AI-based system for assessing IVF embryo quality

A new artificial intelligence-based system can accurately assess the chromosomal status of in vitrofertilized (IVF) embryos using only time-lapse video images of the embryos and maternal age, according to a new study.

Evolution in action: How ethnic Tibetan women thrive in thin oxygen at high altitudes

New study reveals link between oxygen delivery and reproductive success among women living on the high Tibetan Plateau.

Ancient viral DNA in the human genome linked to multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

New research has revealed a connection between ancient viral DNA embedded in the human genome and the genetic risk for two major diseases that affect the central nervous system.

Bilingualism may maintain protection against Alzheimer's

In a study, researchers use neuroimaging methods to examine brain resilience in regions of the brain linked to language and aging.

'Visual clutter' alters information flow in the brain

Whether we're staring at our phones, the page of a book, or the person across the table, the objects of our focus never stand in isolation; there are always other objects or people in our field of vision.

Clinical trial for treating spinal cord injury using olfactory cell nerve bridges

Realizing a Phase I human clinical trial commencing to test the efficacy and safety of the transplantation of olfactory cell nerve bridges to treat chronic spinal cord injury.

Workplace culture and social relationships are associated with workplace bullying

Workplace bullying poses a serious threat to employees' health and well-being.

Expanding access to weight-loss drugs could save thousands of lives a year

Expanding access to new, highly effective weight-loss medications could prevent more than 40,000 deaths a year in the United States, according to a study.

How our gut cells detect harmful invaders

Researchers have discovered that GPR31, found in certain immune cells in the human gut, plays a key role in responding to bacterial metabolites and activating immune responses.

Structural biology analysis of a Pseudomonas bacterial virus reveals a genome ejection motor Researchers describe the full molecular structure of the phage DEV.

Screen-free bedtimes boost toddler sleep, new research shows

A world-first randomised controlled trial (RCT) of toddler screen time shows that removing screen time in the hour before bed improves the quality of toddler sleep.

New study finds partner's happiness linked to lower stress hormone levels in older couples

Having happy intimate partners might not only lift our moods, but it also helps us manage stress, especially as we age, according to new research.

Cómo la inteligencia artificial puede ayudar a desarrollar fármacos en tiempo récord Cuando se emplea un algoritmo de aprendizaje automático para predecir en qué enfermedades se puede usar un fármaco, no se sabe explicar el por qué, lo que genera dudas respecto a la fiabilidad de la predicción.

Soft microelectronics technologies enabling wearable AI for digital health

Developing edge-computing and AI capabilities from wearable sensors enhances their intelligence, critical for the AI of Things, and reduces power consumption by minimizing data exchange between sensory terminals and computing units.

Starving cancer cells of fat may improve cancer treatment

Cutting off cancer cells' access to fat may help a specific type of cancer treatment work more effectively, reports a new study.

Stirred, not shaken: Scientists uncover how transcription drives motion within the genome

A team of scientists has discovered surprising connections among gene activity, genome packing, and genome-wide motions, revealing aspects of the genome's organization that directly affect gene regulation and expression.

Engineering creates molecules that target cancer-causing proteins

A new study describes the development of a biologic, a drug derived from natural biological systems, that targets a mutant cancer protein called HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) without attacking its nearly identical normal counterpart on healthy cells.

Unexpected beauty, major antimicrobial power boost as phages form into surprising flower shapes

Researchers who work with bacteriophages viruses that eat bacteria had a pleasant and potentially very important surprise after treating samples to view under an electron microscope: they had joined together into threedimensional shapes that look like sunflowers, but only two-tenths of a millimetre across, taking a form that makes them 100 times more efficient.

Wearable cameras allow AI to detect medication errors

A team of researchers says it has developed the first wearable camera system that, with the help of artificial intelligence, detects potential errors in medication delivery.

Crucial role of cerebellum in social and cognitive functioning

Scientists shed light on the oftenoverlooked role of the cerebellum in both motor and social-cognitive processes.

Las células cancerosas usan proteínas para ‘esconderse’ del sistema inmunitario

Un equipo de científicos ha demostrado que las células del cáncer pueden utilizar los ribosomas (fábricas de proteínas del organismo) para reforzar su invisibilidad y esconderse del sistema inmunitario.

Microplastics and PFAS: Combined risk and greater environmental harm

The combined impact of so-called 'forever chemicals' is more harmful to the environment than single chemicals in isolation, a new study shows.

Study highlights complexity of menopausal hormone therapy's impact on brain health

A study suggests that menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) might have moderate effects on brain health, but this depends on past surgical history, the duration of treatment, and a woman's age at last use.

People with type 2 diabetes who eat low-carb may be able to discontinue medication

Adults with type 2 diabetes on a lowcarbohydrate diet may see benefits to their beta-cell function allowing them to better manage their disease and possibly discontinue medication, according to new research.

Las infecciones de transmisión sexual siguen aumentando en los jóvenes

La prevención de las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) sigue siendo ineficiente en nuestro país.

Gene editing approach paves the way to first-in-human clinical trial for rare genetic disease

New research demonstrates the potential of precise genome editing technologies, called adenine base editors, to correct disease-causing mutations in stem cells from patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD), a rare genetic disorder characterized by high susceptibility to infections.

Dangers of the metaverse and VR for US youth revealed in new research

Research of online victimization in the metaverse is sorely lacking.

The transformative power of movies

Docudrama can lead people to be more empathetic toward people who are stigmatized in society, a new study finds.

MRI can save rectal cancer patients from surgery, study suggests MRI can predict the risk of rectal cancer reccurring or spreading for patients who have undergone chemotherapy and radiation, new research indicates.

Showing AI users diversity in training data boosts perceived fairness and trust

While artificial intelligence (AI) systems, such as home assistants, search engines or large language models like ChatGPT, may seem nearly omniscient, their outputs are only as good as the data on which they are trained.

Researchers develop 3D atlas of the developing mammalian brain

A team of researchers has created a 3D atlas of developing mice brains, providing a more dynamic understanding of how the mammalian brain develops.

How the coronavirus defeats the innate immune response SARS-CoV-2 has an enzyme that can counteract a cell's innate defense mechanism against viruses, explaining why it is more infectious than the previous SARS and MERScausing viruses.

Methadone much more effective than buprenorphine/naloxone for treatment retention, with no difference in mortality risk, study finds

People with opioid use disorder in British Columbia who received methadone had a 37- to 40-percent lower rate of treatment discontinuation compared with those who received buprenorphine/naloxone.

At-home brain stimulation for depression is safe and effective, according to researchers

A device that delivers direct stimulation to the brain was found to be a safe and effective means of treating depression at home, according to a new study.

Can snake research help explain human digestion?

To understand how these large snakes can regenerate their intestines without intestinal crypts, scientists sequenced the RNA genes of pythons.

A 37% drop in overdose deaths from drugs mixed with opioids -- fentanyl included

Expanded treatment options, increased naloxone distribution and targeted education campaigns likely led to a 37% reduction in overdose deaths from opioids combined with stimulant drugs other than cocaine, according to the results of a large federally funded study.

Scan based on lizard saliva detects rare tumor

A new PET scan reliably detects benign tumors in the pancreas, according to new research.

Más impactos en la cabeza en futbolistas elevan el riesgo de enfermedades neurodegenerativas La revista Lancet Neurology ha publicado un estudio llevado a cabo por un equipo de la Universidad de Barcelona y el grupo de investigación en Neurofisiología clínica del Instituto de Investigaciones

Biomèdicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS).

Sweetened beverage taxes decrease consumption in lower-income households by nearly 50%

New research investigated responses to sweetened beverage taxes using the purchasing behavior of approximately 400 households in Seattle, San Francisco, Oakland and Philadelphia.

Stalking ribosomes: How cancer cells pull poker faces

The protein factories of our cells are much more diverse than we thought they were.

New discovery could change autoimmune therapy landscape

Researchers have discovered a family of enzymes that work to reduce IgGmediated pathologies in diseases like MG.

New guideline: Preventing a first stroke may be possible with screening, lifestyle changes

Updated clinical recommendations, including lifestyle changes, prevention strategies and treatment options, to reduce the risk of a first stroke have been outlined in a new guideline.

New research could lead to genetically tailored diets to treat patients with IBS

An international study has found that genetic variations in human carbohydrate-active enzymes may affect how people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) respond to a carbohydrate-reduced diet.

Study finds tuberculosis changes liver metabolism and could promote diabetes

Scientists have discovered that tuberculosis disrupts glucose metabolism in the body.

AI could transform how hospitals produce quality reports

Researchers find advanced AI could lead to easier, faster and more efficient hospital quality reporting.

Research team connects loneliness with heightened risk of dementia in largest study of its kind

New research quantified the association between loneliness and dementia by analyzing data from more than 600,000 people around the world.

Life-saving spongelike 'bandage' rapidly stops hemorrhaging and mitigates risk of infection

Researchers created a liquid gel that quickly transforms into a spongelike antimicrobial foam to stymie severe bleeding and ultimately preserve lives.

U.S. infant mortality increased 7 percent in months following Dobbs, researchers find U.S. babies died at a higher rate in the months following the Supreme Court's 2022 Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health decision, and infant mortality was highest among those born with chromosomal or genetic abnormalities, new research has found.

mRNA vaccines for disease outbreaks can be synthesized in less time with new technique

With viral outbreaks spreading more quickly, faster responses and quicker development of new vaccines has become crucial.

Researchers identify key enzyme in aging cells to promote healthy aging A team has made a groundbreaking discovery in the field of aging and inflammation.

Gut instincts: Intestinal nutrient sensors

Researchers have developed strategies to identify regulators of intestinal hormone secretion.

Big data, real world, multi-state study finds RSV vaccine highly effective in protecting older adults against severe disease, hospitalization and death This multi-state study is a real world data analyses of the effectiveness of the RSV short for respiratory syncytial virus vaccine.

Ultra-processed foods pose unique dangers for people with type 2 diabetes

Researchers describe how even more than just the presence of sugar and salt in the diet having more ultra-processed foods laden with additives can lead to higher average blood glucose levels over a period of months, a measure called HbA1C.

Repurposing drug shows promise in fighting aggressive brain tumors

Research provides evidence that a drug used to slow the progression of the disease ALS shows promise in suppressing the self-renewing cancerous stem cells that challenge the present standards of care for these lethal grade 4 brain tumours.

Protein shakeup: Researchers uncover new function of a protein that may unlock age-related illnesses

Researchers have discovered a previously unknown cell-protecting function of a protein, which could open new avenues for treating agerelated diseases and lead to healthier aging overall.

'Paving the way' for improved treatment of premature aging disease

A new article could spur the development of new and improved treatments for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a rare genetic disorder with no known cure that causes accelerated aging in children.

New study highlights the dangers of handheld cellphone use among teen drivers

A new study found a strong association between handheld cellphone use and risky driving behaviors among newly licensed teen drivers.

Why breast cancer spreads to bone

Researchers have developed an in vitro cancer model to investigate why breast cancer spreads to bone.

Butterfly brains reveal the tweaks required for cognitive innovation

A species of tropical butterfly with unusually expanded brain structures display a fascinating mosaic pattern of neural expansion linked to a cognitive innovation.

Study shows that Rett syndrome in females is not just less severe, but different

Symptoms and disease progression of Rett syndrome are different in females than males.

For heavy drinkers, chronic pain associated with alcohol withdrawal could be permanent

One of the main physical symptoms of alcohol withdrawal is 'allodynia' increased sensitivity to mechanical stimuli that are normally innocuous, which is a clinical sign of chronic pain.

Manliness

concerns impede forgiveness of coworkers

The more men are concerned about appearing masculine, the less likely they will forgive a co-worker for a transgression such as missing an important meeting, a study has found.

Researchers use genetics to find psychopathology risks

Researchers are identifying behavioral, environmental and neural factors through which genetic risk for mental health problems is expressed in youth.

A new era of treating neurological diseases at the blood-brain-immune interface

A group of scientists say it's time to think differently about how to define and treat diseases such as Alzheimer's and multiple sclerosis.

e-Flower records neuronal activity with electronic petals

A new device consists of four flexible petals equipped with platinum electrodes, which curl around the spheroid when exposed to the liquid that supports the cell structure.

New device could deliver bedside blood test results in an hour

Researchers have developed a handheld, sound-based diagnostic system able to deliver precise results in an hour with a mere finger-prick of blood.

Effects of chemical mixtures: Neurotoxic effects add up

How do complex mixtures of chemicals affect our health?

Healthy diet may help keep low grade prostate cancer from progressing to more dangerous states during active surveillance, study suggests

New research provides scientific evidence that a healthy diet may reduce the chance of low risk prostate cancer progressing to a more aggressive state in men undergoing active surveillance a clinical option in which men with lower risk cancer are carefully monitored for progression in lieu of treatments that could have undesired side effects or complications.

Which clot-busting drug is tied to better recovery after stroke?

For people with ischemic stroke, treatment with the clot-busting drug tenecteplase is associated with a slightly higher likelihood of an excellent recovery and reduced disability three months later than the drug alteplase, according to a metaanalysis.

Raising happy eaters: Unlocking the secrets of childhood appetite

The foundation for healthy eating behavior starts in infancy.

Specific type of DNA could be a target of future cancer therapies

Researchers found a higher concentration of a specific kind of DNA extrachromosomal or ecDNA- in more aggressive and advanced cancers that could mark them as targets for future therapies.

Study finds widespread exposure to hormone-disrupting chemical during pregnancy

Researchers link zearalenone levels to diet quality and call for further study.

Researchers help redefine core microbiome, opening new chapter in precision health

Researchers have introduced a novel method for identifying the crucial set of gut microbes commonly found in humans and essential for health.

Immune sensitivity links race and survival after prostate cancer immunotherapy

Black men with advanced prostate cancer have a greater chance of survival after immunotherapy treatment, at least in part, because of ancestral gene variants in immune responses.

Researchers show how gut hormones control aging in flies and how it relates to human biology

The discovery of a gut-to-brain regulation pathway in flies calls for additional consideration on how certain medications, especially GLP-1 agonists, can be used to treat obesity and diabetes in humans.

Providencia rustigianii has virulence gene akin to Salmonella's

Scientists have identified a new virulence gene from a whole genome analysis of Providencia rustigianii, which can cause severe food poisoning symptoms.

Breast cancer drug shows potential for rare appendix cancer

Innovative application of an existing drug offers promising alternative treatment to traditional chemotherapy for patients with appendix cancer.

Nanoparticle therapy offers new hope for prostate cancer patients

Researchers developed an approach to treating prostate cancer, successfully eliminating cancerous cells in 73% of patients in the study.

Microbiome: Drug discovery within the patient

Microorganisms do not just colonize the body of mammals during infections.

Kidney transplantation among those with HIV infections shown safe and effective, study suggests It is just as safe and effective for people with HIV in need of kidney transplantation to get their organ from donors who are also HIV positive as it is from donors who are not infected with the virus, a study shows.

Nueva terapia para pacientes con cáncer de mama metastático en etapas tempranas

El cáncer de mama es el cáncer más frecuente en todo el mundo, con un diagnóstico estimado de 2,3 millones de pacientes en 2023.

Immunotherapy boosts survival of advanced Hodgkin lymphoma

Researchers discovered they could boost survival to 92% for patients with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma by adding the immunotherapy nivolumab to a current treatment regimen.

'Two for the price of one' Scientists discover new process to drive antiviral immunity

Scientists have discovered a new process in our immune systems that leads to the production of an important family of anti-viral proteins called interferons.

AI model that checks for skin cancer shows promise

Scientists developed a way of using artificial intelligence to check for skin cancer with the AI tool, which was trained on data from 53,601 skin lesions from 25,105 patients, outperforming existing methods in a new study.

For multiple sclerosis, medication and cognitive behavioral therapy can reduce fatigue

In a study of commonly used treatments for multiple sclerosis, both medical and behavioral interventions, and a combination of the two, resulted in significant improvements in fatigue.

People sympathize with bullied AI bots

In a new study, humans displayed sympathy towards and protected AI bots who were excluded from playtime.

Why do we love carbs? The origins predate agriculture and maybe even our split from Neanderthals

A new study reveals how the duplication of the salivary amylase gene may not only have helped shape human adaptation to starchy foods, but may have occurred as far back as more than 800,000 years ago, long before the advent of farming.

Initial prescriptions of sedatives among older stroke survivors may include too many pills

Initial prescriptions of benzodiazepines, a class of drugs used to treat anxiety and sleep problems after a stroke may include too many pills for adults ages 65 or older, finds new study.

Biomarker may predict immunotherapy response in liver cancer

It may soon be possible to determine which patients with a type of liver cancer called hepatocellular carcinoma would benefit from immunotherapy, according to a preclinical study.

Why leadership outweighs an interdisciplinary mix in the effectiveness of a research team

An analysis of a child health project reveals surprising factors in earlystage team success.

Scientists unlock new insights into neural stem cell activation

Neuroscientists have uncovered a mechanism that controls the reactivation of neural stem cells, which are crucial for repairing and regenerating brain cells.

Invention quickly detects earliest sign of heart attack

With heart attacks, every second counts.

A mushroom for colorectal cancer therapy

Novel chemical compounds from a fungus could provide new perspectives for treating colorectal cancer, one of the most common and deadliest cancers worldwide.

How can we reduce the probability of dying before age 70 by 50% globally by 2050?

A team of 50 leading international experts found that this goal can be reached by focusing on just 15 priority health conditions and suggest cost-effective interventions.

Standing more may not reduce cardiovascular disease risk, could increase circulatory disease, research finds

New research has shown that over the long-term, standing more compared with sitting does not improve cardiovascular health (coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure), and could increase the risk of circulatory issues related to standing, such as varicose veins and deep vein thrombosis.

New mRNA vaccine created to prevent and treat C. difficile

A new vaccine provides hope for treating and even preventing the highly contagious and difficult-totreat Clostridioides difficile infection, more commonly known as C. difficile or C. diff.

Increased autism risk linked to Y chromosome, study finds

Increased risk for autism appears to be linked to the Y chromosome, a study has found, offering a new explanation for the greater prevalence of autism in males.

Elucidating the neural basis of reduced sexual receptivity in female mice during the non-estrus phase

Researchers investigated the neural mechanisms underlying the behavioral transition from the sexually receptive estrus stage to the non-receptive phase, as part of the hormone-dependent behavioral changes during the estrous cycle in female mice.

Study highlights key challenges and opportunities in transitioning autistic individuals into adulthood

The Autism Transitions Research Project has released new findings that underscore critical challenges and opportunities in transitioning autistic youth into adulthood.

Protein interactions: Who is partying with whom and who is ruining the party?

Using a new method, researchers can measure alterations in the social network of proteins in cells.

Model reveals why debunking election misinformation often doesn't work

A new computational model analyzes the factors that help determine whether debunking efforts will persuade people to change their beliefs about the legitimacy of an election.

Controlling prosthetic hands more precisely by the power of thought

Researchers have developed a novel training protocol for brain-computer interfaces in a study with rhesus monkeys.

Researchers offer alternative to hydroxyurea in study of DNA replication process

Researchers have identified an alternate method to study changes during the DNA replication process in lab settings using genetically modified yeast.

Overcoming fundamental limitations of conventional infectious disease modeling

A recent breakthrough study has introduced a novel methodology that significantly enhances the accuracy of epidemiological estimates for infectious diseases like COVID-19.

Women more likely than men to die after heart surgery complications

Despite having no greater chance of developing problems after high risk cardiovascular surgery, women are more likely than men to die from postoperative complications, a new study suggests.

Breakthrough technology leads to life-saving treatment for deadly skin reaction

A global team of researchers has made a groundbreaking discovery that saves the lives of patients suffering from toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Study

busts myths about cause of gout

A major international study has found gout is a chronic illness where genetics is a major cause, rather than lifestyle choices of the sufferer.

New bacteria-based therapy shows promise for fighting cancer

Bacteria-based therapies represent an exciting breakthrough in cancer treatment, harnessing their remarkable ability to specifically target and attack tumors.

Don't

kill the messenger RNA!

A commonly used strategy in the development of messenger RNA (mRNA) medicine is based on the destruction of disease-causing mRNA.

Good physical fitness from childhood protects mental health

A recent study found that good physical fitness from childhood to adolescence is linked to better mental health in adolescence.

Study

may help boost performance and reduce side effects of mRNA vaccines

A new study has provided a detailed analysis of how mRNA vaccines circulate and break down in the human bloodstream.

Feeling sleepy and worried about your mental alertness?

Australian researchers have identified a new, brain-based measure of chronic sleepiness that could be diagnosed in just two minutes, predicting whether someone is safe to drive, operate machinery, or even alert enough to sit an exam.

Men and women process pain differently, study finds

According to new research, men and women rely on different biological systems for pain relief, which could help explain why our most powerful pain medications are often less effective in women.

Folic acid may mitigate link between lead exposure during pregnancy and autistic behaviours in children

A new study has found that folate may weaken the link between bloodlead levels in pregnant women and autistic-like behaviors in their children.

La obesidad abdominal asociada a la debilidad muscular eleva más el riesgo de padecer síndrome metabólico

En el marco de un estudio a cargo de investigadores de la Universidad Federal de São Carlos (Brasil) y de la University College London (Reino Unido), se realizó un seguimiento durante ocho años de casi 4.000 personas de más de 50 años.

High potency cannabis use leaves unique signature on DNA, study shows

A new study suggests that the use of high potency cannabis leaves a distinct mark on DNA, providing valuable insights into the biological impact of cannabis use.

Zebrafish as a model for studying rare genetic disease

Nager syndrome (NS) is an extremely rare disease that causes developmental problems and anomalies in facial bone structures and limbs.

Analysis of retinal proteins identifies new drug targets for treating inherited retinal degenerations

Researchers have identified new drug targets for therapies that could benefit patients with different forms of retinitis pigmentosa and other inherited retinal diseases.

Human skin map gives 'recipe' to build skin and could help prevent scarring

Prenatal human skin atlas and organoid will accelerate research into congenital diseases and lead to clinical applications for regenerative medicine.

Un 40 % de la población mayor de 65 años vive con algún tipo de dolor crónico

El Día Mundial contra el Dolor se celebra hoy con el objetivo de concienciar sobre el impacto del dolor crónico, una condición que afecta a más del 18 % de la población española.

La vacuna contra la gripe en menores de cinco años previno un 70 % de las infecciones el pasado invierno

Un estudio liderado por investigadoras del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) ha estimado que la vacunación antigripal en población pediátrica entre 6 meses y 5 años que se recomendó por primera vez el pasado año previno un 70 % de las infecciones gripales que hubieran consultado en atención primaria, y un 77 % de las hospitalizaciones por gripe, entre los menores vacunados.

Boy or girl? Researchers identify genetic mutation that increases chance of having a daughter

Researchers have detected a human genetic variant that influences the sex ratio of children.

Cómo lograr una mayor precisión en la cirugía conservadora del cáncer de mama

Las operaciones de cáncer de mama han evolucionado hacia intervenciones menos radicales, lo que permite preservar una mayor calidad de vida.

New study on microRNAs could lead to better fertility treatment

Researchers have mapped how small RNA molecules, such as the recently Nobel Prize-awarded microRNAs, control cell development in the human embryo during the first days after fertilization.

Bacterial vaccine shows promise as cancer immunotherapy

Researchers have engineered bacteria as personalized cancer vaccines that activate the immune system to specifically seek out and destroy cancer cells.

Fearful memories of others seen in mouse brain

Researchers have revealed that the CA1 and CA2 regions in the brain respectively encode the locations and individuals linked with a threatening experience.

Mpox vaccine is safe and generates a robust antibody response in adolescents, study finds A clinical trial of an mpox vaccine in adolescents found it was safe and generated an antibody response equivalent to that seen in adults, according to a planned interim analysis of study data.

Study explores how traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be linked to Alzheimer's disease

Researchers used mouse models and human post-mortem brain tissue to study the molecular underpinnings that may increase the risk of Alzheimer's after traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Uncovering a way for pro-B cells to change trajectory

Researchers from the School of Veterinary Medicine and Perelman School of Medicine have found that YY1 knockout pro-B cells can generate T lineage cells helping B cells produce antibodies.

Crean minicerebros humanos para investigar una enfermedad neurodegenerativa

La demencia con cuerpos de Lewy es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa progresiva que comparte características tanto de la enfermedad de Parkinson como de la enfermedad de Alzheimer, pero que puede ser más difícil de diagnosticar que esas dos.

¿Se puede diagnosticar la depresión a través de la sangre?

Un estudio ha profundizado en la cuestión, mediante marcadores del sistema inmunitario.

Biotecnología

Pest control gets the CRISPR treatment

Precision genetic methods are enabling more efficient, environmentally friendly pest control methods for agricultural use as well as stopping the spread of disease.

El CNB producirá tejidos vegetales artificiales para estudiar infecciones virales

Este sistema permitirá la deconstrucción de plantas en tejidos artificiales formados por tipos celulares seleccionados a la carta, una herramienta de gran utilidad para estudiar el tropismo celular (las células dianas) de diferentes patógenos.

La presión alta mengua la capacidad respiratoria debido al endurecimiento de los bronquios

Se trató del primer estudio que demuestra los efectos de la hipertensión en la mecánica pulmonar.

Droplet Hi-C enables scalable, single-cell profiling of chromatin architecture in heterogeneous tissues

Chromatin organization is measured in single cells using droplet microfluidics.

Identifican una proteína esencial en el desarrollo y la actividad del corazón

Unos científicos han descubierto un mecanismo clave para el sistema de conducción cardíaco.

Medioambiente

Capturing carbon from the air just got easier

In the face of rising CO2 levels, scientists are searching for sustainable ways of pulling carbon dioxide out of the air, so-called direct air capture.

Gardens prevent pollinators from starving when farmland nectar is scarce

Gardens offer a steady and reliable source of nectar all year round, helping to keep pollinators fed when farmland sources are limited, researchers have discovered.

'Drowning continent': Western Australian coastline's complex history

A study investigating the complex evolution of two iconic Western Australian landmarks, has traced their transformation over thousands of years and offers a glimpse into their future.

Will tropical biodiversity run dry under climate change? Two visions for the future

Changing precipitation patterns in the Neotropics, one of Earth's most biodiverse regions, could threaten two-thirds of the area's bird species by the year 2100 if climate change goes unchecked, according to research.

Aquaculture uses far more wild fish than previously estimated, study finds

A study suggests that global fish farming, or aquaculture, may rely on significantly larger quantities of wildcaught ocean fish than previously calculated.

New simultaneous lithium and magnesium extraction technology

In the race for solutions to unlock untapped sources, engineers have developed new technology enabling direct lithium extraction from extreme environments like the desert.

Invasive flathead catfish impacting Susquehanna's food chain

Flathead catfish native to the Mississippi River basin were first detected in the Susquehanna River in Pennsylvania in 2002, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.

Microplastics and PFAS: Combined risk and greater environmental harm

The combined impact of so-called 'forever chemicals' is more harmful to the environment than single chemicals in isolation, a new study shows.

New ice core data provides insight into climate 'tipping points' during the last Ice Age

New research from multiple ice cores collected across Greenland with data spanning up to 120,000 years provides new understanding of abrupt Dansgaard-Oeschger events, how they unfold and what that might mean for the future.

Paws of polar bears sustaining icerelated injuries in a warming Arctic

Polar bears in some parts of the high Arctic are developing ice buildup and related injuries to their feet.

Combining satellite methods provides drought detection from space

Observing sites like the Amazon basin from space has underscored the capability of satellites to better detect signs of drought, according to a new study.

Humedales artificiales para reducir el impacto de los vertidos agrícolas Investigadores españoles han demostrado que la construcción de humedales artificiales reduce el impacto de los vertidos agrícolas en el medioambiente, lo que podría ser muy beneficioso para espacios como Doñana o el Mar Menor, que, entre otras amenazas, sufren la eutrofización de sus aguas por la llegada excesiva de nutrientes procedentes de los campos de cultivo.

Researcher works to preserve the white shark in the Mediterranean Sea

Biologists are working to save one of the most endangered white shark populations on the planet.

What happened when a meteorite the size of four Mount Everests hit Earth?

Scientists paint a compelling picture of what happened the day the S2 meteorite crashed into Earth 3.26 billion years ago.

Weather-changing El Nino oscillation is at least 250 million years old

A new modeling study shows that the El Nino event, a huge blob of warm ocean water in the tropical Pacific Ocean that can change rainfall patterns around the globe, was present at least 250 million years in the past, and was often of greater magnitude than the oscillations we see today.

Crean en las Azores la mayor red de áreas marinas protegidas del Atlántico Norte

El archipiélago portugués de Azores va a preservar el 30 % del mar que rodea a sus islas, un total de 287.000 kilómetros cuadrados que supondrán la creación de la mayor red de áreas marinas bajo protección del Atlántico Norte.

Microbes drove methane growth between 2020 and 2022, not fossil fuels

Microorganisms growing in landfills, on agricultural land and in wetlands are contributing to skyrocketing levels of atmospheric methane, a potent greenhouse gas, according to new research.

Rapidly increasing industrial activities in Arctic

More than 800,000 km2 of the Arctic were affected by human activity in 2013, according to an analysis of satellite-derived data on artificial light at night.

Creating a spatial map of the sea: New research visualizes how fishing communities can change fishing habits to adapt to climate change

In a massive research project spanning five years and stretching the length of the Northeast seaboard, scientists have created a spatial map of the sea that shows how individual fishing communities can change their fishing habits in order to adapt to climate change.

Study combines woodchips and biochar to clean water of pharmaceuticals, nutrients

In a new study, researchers show how a simple system using woodchips and a bit of glorified sawdust --- designer biochar --- can dramatically reduce nitrogen, phosphorus, and multiple common drugs in wastewater.

Scientists unveil new insights into air pollution formation

Researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery in understanding how air pollution forms at the molecular level.

Understanding the relationship between food waste, climate change, and aging population

Household food waste is an important contributor to global food loss and waste and greenhouse gas emissions, but not much is known about what types of food are wasted the most and by whom.

38 cachorros de lince ibérico reintroducidos en Jaén desde 2019

El Centro de Cría de Lince Ibérico La Olivilla, en Santa Elena (Jaén), ha reintroducido al medio natural 38 cachorros nacidos entre los años 2019 y 2024, periodo en el que han nacido 56 ejemplares.

The 2022 European drought: What was the role of climate change? The drought that lasted through the summer of 2022 was especially intense and caused the soil in many regions of Europe to dry out substantially.

Plant CO2 uptake rises by nearly one third in new global estimates Plants the world over are absorbing about 31% more carbon dioxide than previously thought, according to a new assessment.

Plastic pollution sounds just like food to deep-diving whales

To whales that hunt with soundwaves in lightless ocean depths, a torn plastic party balloon and a delicious squid may appear remarkably similar, according to a study.

Research improves hurricane intensity forecasting

A collaboration between is improving hurricane forecasting by incorporating the effects of sea spray into the models that predict hurricane behavior.

Understanding landslides: a new model for predicting motion

Along coastal California, the possibility of earthquakes and landslides are commonly prefaced by the phrase, 'not if, but when.'

Modern mass extinction in an Ecuadorean cloud forest found to be a mirage

An international team of botanists finds no proof of extinctions in Centinela, but abundant evidence that Centinela's flora lives on in the scattered remaining fragments of coastal Ecuador's forests.

When hurricanes hit, online chatter drowns out safety messaging Research shows, during four recent major hurricanes, important public safety messaging was drowned out by more trivial social content including people tweeting about pets, sharing human-interest stories, or bickering about politics.

The expansion of turbid drops in water

It is usually not possible to look inside cloudy liquids, but researchers have now managed to do so.

Ecologistas en Acción alerta de la gravísima disminución de la población de gato montés en Andalucía

Ecologistas en Acción Andalucía alerta de "una gravísima disminución" de los individuos de gato montés (Felis silvestris) en la comunidad.

Smaller, more specific academic journals have more sway over policy Journals focused on ferns, clams, or coral reefs had proportionally more of their articles cited by the federal government when protecting species than more prominent, higher-impact journals.

Finding could help turn trees into affordable, greener industrial chemicals

Specific molecular property of lignin in trees determines difficulty of using microbial fermentation to turn trees and other plants into industrial chemicals.

Better ocean connectivity boosts reef fish populations

A new study has found that oceanographic connectivity (the movement and exchange of water between different parts of the ocean) is a key influence for fish abundance across the Western Indian Ocean (WIO).

Professor tackles graph mining challenges with new algorithm

A professor has helped create a powerful new algorithm that uncovers hidden patterns in complex networks, with potential uses in fraud detection, biology and knowledge discovery.

Loss of 'nitrogen fixers' threatens biodiversity, ecosystems

New research shows how human activities, like fertilizer use and polluting, are impacting nitrogenfixing plants which are crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems by adding nitrogen to the soil.

American lobster population, habitat preferences shifting, study finds

Scientists found that from 19952021, occupancy of boulder habitats by lobsters dropped 60%. Meanwhile, the number of lobsters residing in sediment or featureless ledge habitats increased 633% and 280%, respectively.

Concerning levels of PFAS in fish miles away from large contamination source

Fish can accumulate high levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), even far from sources of contamination, according to a new study.

Global carbon dioxide emissions from forest fires increase by 60 percent

A major new study reveals that carbon dioxide emissions from forest fires have surged by 60 percent globally since 2001, and almost tripled in some of the most climatesensitive northern boreal forests.

Engineers unveil breakthrough in ultra-clean biofuel technology

Researchers have unveiled a pioneering method for the efficient combustion of biofuels, using a revolutionary Swirl Burst (SB) injector to burn glycerol/methanol blends with near-zero emissions.

Deep learning illuminates atmospheric blocking events of past, future

Atmospheric blocking events are persistent, high-impact weather patterns that occur when large-scale high-pressure systems become stationary and divert the jet stream and storm tracks for days to weeks, and can be associated with recordbreaking flooding or heat waves, such as in Europe in 2023.

Artificial nests boost penguin breeding success, but there's no one-size-fits-all design

Artificial nests can boost the breeding success of endangered African penguins, but different designs are more effective at different colonies according to a new study.

El radiomarcaje de aguiluchos cenizos desvela nuevos

movimientos migratorios de la especie

El estudio de 61 ejemplares de aguilucho cenizo de distintas edades y sexos, marcados con sistemas de seguimiento remoto, ha desvelado nuevos comportamientos espaciales de la población española de esta especie, arrojando importantes novedades sobre los viajes de estas aves.

New method for measuring luminescence lifetime offers breakthrough in scientific imaging

Researchers introduce an innovative approach to image luminescence lifetimes.

Scientists discover fastest degrading bioplastic in seawater

Scientists found that cellulose diacetate foam (CDA) is the fastest degrading bioplastic in an ocean environment.

Visible light energy yields two-forone deal when added to CO2 recycling process

By combining visible light and electrochemistry, researchers have enhanced the conversion of carbon dioxide into valuable products and stumbled upon a surprising discovery.

Honey bees in demand: New contract strategies to support pollination services

As the world's native bee populations are declining, crop production requiring pollinators increasingly relies on commercial pollination services.

El cambio climático lleva a un punto de "no retorno" a la ecología de los lagos de las Açores

El aumento de la temperatura que está provocando el cambio climático está poniendo en peligro los ecosistemas lacustres del archipiélago de las Açores.

Forever chemicals found in bottled and tap water from around the world

Scientists have discovered toxic 'Forever Chemicals' present in samples of drinking water from around the world.

Arrozales europeos previenen de forma sostenible la proliferación de mosquitos con control biológico

Las principales zonas arroceras de Europa emplean el control biológico para prevenir de forma sostenible la proliferación de mosquitos, según un análisis de los métodos de vigilancia y gestión de estos animales coordinado por un equipo científico del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).

Microplastics detected in dolphin breath

U.S. researchers have detected microplastic particles in air exhaled by wild bottlenose dolphins, suggesting that inhalation may be a relevant route of exposure to these potentially harmful contaminants.

Harnessing vibrations: Engineered material generates electricity from unexpected source

Imagine tires that charge a vehicle as it drives, streetlights powered by the rumble of traffic, or skyscrapers that generate electricity as the buildings naturally sway and shudder.

New discovery reveals how diatoms capture carbon dioxide so effectively

Tiny diatoms in the ocean are masters at capturing carbon dioxide from the environment.

Grasslands live in the climate change fast lane

Grasslands are responding to climate change almost in real time, according to new research.

Nitrogen pollution and rising carbon dioxide: A joint threat to grassland biodiversity?

An ecologically realistic 24-year field study of grasslands showed that elevated levels of carbon dioxide nearly tripled species losses attributed to nitrogen pollution.

Marine heatwaves are underreported in the deep ocean Marine heatwaves and cold spells are occurring both on the ocean surface and below, with ocean currents influencing their frequency.

Chickpeas: Sustainable and climatefriendly foods of the future

Researchers have now conducted a study to investigate the natural variation of different chickpea genotypes and their resistance to drought stress.

Islas: un tesoro de biodiversidad que alberga el 31% de todas las plantas de la Tierra

Las islas representan poco más del 5 por ciento del territorio terrestre emergido pero albergan un tercio de todas las especies de plantas del mundo, es decir, son un tesoro de biodiversidad y riqueza botánica, según un estudio publicado en la revista Nature.

Uno de los pesticidas más usados en la UE es altamente perjudicial para la biodiversidad

Un insecticida sintético ampliamente utilizado en cultivos de cereales, tubérculos y frutales de distintos países de la Unión Europea, la lambda cihalotrin, podría estar amenazando hasta el 98 % de las especies de insectos beneficiosos de estos campos.

The monarch butterfly may not be endangered, but its migration is, researchers find

With vigorous debate surrounding the health of the monarch butterfly, new research may have answered the biggest question plaguing butterfly researchers.

Plastic pollution harms bees, review finds

A new review systematically shows the harmful effects of nano- and microplastics on bees and other beneficial insects.

Ciencia

Physicists discover first 'black hole triple'

A surprising discovery about the black hole V404 Cygnus is expanding our understanding of black holes, the objects they can host, and the way they form.

Los agujeros negros supermasivos alteran la evolución química de las galaxias

Los resultados de un nuevo estudio sugieren que los agujeros negros supermasivos con gran actividad, responsables de generar en el centro de galaxias lo que se conoce como cuásares, podrían ser responsables de alterar a gran escala la evolución química de esas galaxias.

Averiguan qué forma tiene la corona de los agujeros negros

Una investigación reciente, realizada a partir de observaciones hechas por el satélite astronómico IXPE (Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer) de la NASA, revela cuál es la verdadera forma de una estructura importante de los agujeros negros llamada corona.

Descubren el origen de la mayoría de los meteoritos

Unos científicos han conseguido determinar la procedencia de la mayor parte de todos los meteoritos caídos en la Tierra e identificados como tales.

Neutron stars may be shrouded in axions

Physicists have shown that extremely light particles known as axions may occur in large clouds around neutron stars.

Quantum research breakthrough uses synthetic dimensions to efficiently process quantum information

A new study opens the door to cutting-edge solutions that could contribute to the realization of a system capable of processing quantum information in a simple yet powerful way.

It's twins! Mystery of famed brown dwarf solved

An international team of astronomers has figured out that a famous brown dwarf is actually a pair of tight-knit brown dwarfs, weighing about 38 and 34 times the mass of Jupiter, that whip around each other every 12 days.

Astronomers detect ancient lonely quasars with murky origins

Astronomers observed ancient quasars that appear to be surprisingly alone in the early universe.

Are nearby planets sending radio signals to each other?

Researchers have developed a new method using the Allen Telescope Array to search for interplanetary radio communication in the TRAPPIST-1 star system.

Ultra-small spectrometer yields the power of a 1,000 times bigger device

Researchers are designing new ways to make spectrometers that are ultra-small but still very powerful, to be used for anything from detecting disease to observing stars in distant galaxies.

Out-of-this-world simulation key to collecting moon dust

Teleoperated robots for gathering moon dust are a step closer, according to new research.

Recrean en el CERN una reacción nuclear clave para conocer la evolución química de nuestra galaxia y del sistema solar

Personal investigador del Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC-UV) logra

medir en el laboratorio la formación de un elemento clave en la evolución de la composición química de los elementos pesados.

Breakthrough toward solving electronics overheating problem

Researchers have successfully enhanced spin wave transfer efficiency for heatless information transmission.

Biblioteca. Facultad de Biología

Universidad de Salamanca. Campus Miguel de Unamuno c/Donantes de Sangre s/n 37007 Salamanca angelpoveda@usal.es

http://bibliotecabiologia.usal.es/

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