Volume 3, Issue 13

COMe On dOWn FOr $2 HOt dOGs $1 OFF MiLKsHaKes 1/2 PriCe On

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Published by Toby Publishing, Inc.

e-mail: tidbitsofniagararegion@gmail.com website: www.tidbitsofniagararegion.com

TIDBITS® IS SURROUNDED BY

PLASTIC

by Janet Spencer The word plastic comes from the Greek “plastikos” meaning “capable of being shaped.”

THE HISTORY OF PLASTIC • Billiard balls used to be made out of elephant ivory. By the mid-1800s, elephants were in short supply. In the 1860s a billiards company in New York City offered a $10,000 prize for anyone who could invent a substitute.

• John Wesley Hyatt began experimenting with a new material called celluloid in 1869, made from plant cellulose, camphor (a resin), and alcohol. Billiard balls made out of celluloid couldn’t match the rebound effect of ivory, so he never collected the prize money.

• Celluloid did not make good billiard balls, but it had other benefits. It didn’t get slimy when wet like wood. It didn’t corrode like metal. It didn’t get brittle like rubber. It didn’t crack like ivory. One thing the celluloid did well was that it made great motion picture film.

• The first silent films were made possible by celluloid, which had only one drawback: it was highly flammable. Celluloid was replaced by non-flammable safety film in the 1930s.

• Celluloid was the first plastic-type of material produced on an industrial scale, and ushered in the age of plastics. Hyatt went on to patent over 200 other items, from water filters to sewing machines.

PLASTIC, PHASE 2 (continued next page)

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Volume 3, Issue #13

PS-1410057

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closed for the season

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Week of October 7th 2018

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Our Rochester Rd. location is

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• The word xenia has a variety of meanings.

To the ancient Greeks, it was the concept of hospitality, generosity, and courtesy shown to those far from home. To the botanist, it’s Pageeffect 2 the of pollen on a seed. And to those in Ohio, it’s the county seat of Greene County, a community about 21 miles (34 km) from Dayton.

• Xystus is an architectural term, referring to a long, covered portico, or main entrance, of ancient Greek gymnasiums. Here, athletes would exercise during inclement weather.

To the Romans, the xystus was the garden walkway in front of the porticoes, where they planted flower beds.

• Physicians are familiar with two unusual “X” words, xyster and xiphisterna. The xyster is a surgical instrument used for scraping bones, while the xiphisterna refers to the cartilage at the lower end of the body’s sternum, that long flat bone located at the center of the chest.

• The Greek word xanthos translates “yellow,” and several of our words use it for a prefix.

Xanthophyll is a yellow pigment found along with cholorophyll in green plants. Plants with yellow stems are xanthopous. To those suffering from the abnormal vision condition known as xanthopsia, everything they see seems to have a yellow hue.

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Tidbits® of Niagara Region

PLASTIC, PHASE 2 (cont’d) • Leo Baekeland came to the U.S. from his native Belgium in 1863. He invented a type of photographic paper which he sold to George Eastman of Kodak for $1 million in 1899. He used that money to set up a lab in Yonkers, New York, where he continued to tinker.

• Because use of electricity was expanding exponentially, Baekeland wanted to invent something that would act as an electrical insulator. At the time, shellac was used as an electrical insulator. Shellac comes from the sticky excretions of the female lac beetle, but it takes 15,000 beetles six months to make enough resin to create a single pound of shellac. The expansion of electricity out-paced the ability of beetles to produce shellac.

• Baekeland worked with phenol, a derivative of coal tar, combining it with formaldehyde.

Not only did the substance make an excellent electrical insulator, but its ability to be molded made it ideal for use in the manufacture of many items. Baekeland dubbed the substance “Bakelite” and called it “the material of a thousand uses” which was true. Because it could be molded quickly, it could be used in mass-production. Anything made out of it was smooth, scratch-resistant, heat resistant, lightweight, and impervious to solvents. It was the world’s first synthetic plastic.

• Starting in 1907, Baekeland patented over 400 uses for it, including telephones, kitchenware, combs, ash trays, buttons, jewelry, and even billiard balls. It was used extensively in many ways during both World Wars. By the 1920s his factory was turning out nearly 4,500 tons of Bakelite annually, and by 1944 production had increased to 175,000 tons. By then Bakelite was used in over 15,000 products. Union Carbide bought the rights to Bakelite in 1939. By the time Baekeland died at the age of 80 in 1944, new and better plastics were already being discovered.

A PLASTIC FABRIC • Wallace Carothers was a chemist for DuPont before World War II. He studied polymers, syn(continued on next page)

For advertising rates call 716.807.7729

BY HENRY BOLTINOFF

Differences on page 4

Nancy Murphy owner

716-778-7100 6119 1st St Newfane NY 14108 Nancy.zerogravity412@gmail.com

Zero Gravity Gymnastics Center Inc Let Gymnastics Take You Above and Beyond ZGgymnasticscenter.com

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Meyer Automotive

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We Represent Many Quality Insurance Carriers

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WRIGHTS CORNERS WINE & SPIRITS

Office: (716) 772-7205 (716) 772-7212 (716) 772-7208 Fax: (716) 772-7388

3953 Lockport-Olcott Rd Lockport, NY 14094

GASPORT WELDING & FABRICATING, INC.

716-433-9463

Custom Welding & Fabricating Plate & Angle Rolling ASME Certified

Hiram (Lee) Walker III gasprtwelding@aol.com www.gasportwelding.com

OIL CHANGE SPECIAL

8430 Telegraph Road P.O. Box 410 Gasport, NY 14067

Solution Puzzle on Page 8

“FAMILY OWNED”

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For advertising rates call 716.807.7729

Tidbits® of Niagara Region

PAW’S CORNER

By Sam Mazzotta

HUSBAND NEEDS TO STOP BARKING AT DOG

DEAR PAW’S CORNER: Whenever our dog “Champ” starts barking, my husband barks back at him. I know he’s doing it as a joke, but Champ keeps barking right through it. I think it’s teaching our puppy bad habits. -- Sara Y., via email DEAR SARA: Your husband’s “barking” sends a mixed signal to Champ, and the last thing you want to do when trying to conduct behavioral training with a dog is to be unclear about your commands.

First off, it’s just making noise, and Champ probably barks more so he can be heard over hubby’s barking.

Unchecked, Champ’s barking could go from slightly annoying to downright aggravating.

Have a talk with your husband. Explain that you both need to encourage Champ not to bark, and there’s a better way to do it than barking back.

Keep a few treats in your pocket to start, along with a click trainer. When Champ starts barking, click the trainer once and say “Speak.” Hold out a treat for him.

When Champ takes the treat -- meaning, stops barking for a moment -- click the trainer twice as he takes the treat and say “Shush” (or Quiet, or whatever command you want to use).

Repeat this each time he starts barking. When you notice that he stops barking for longer periods after the treat-double click, phase out the treats but keep using the “one click for speak, two clicks for shush” pattern.

Once he begins associating the clicks with speaking or shushing, phase out the clicker and use just the verbal commands instead.

You and your husband both should work with Champ, so that he responds to verbal commands from both of you. And nix the “just kidding” bark.

Send your questions, comments or tips to ask@ pawscorner.com. (c) 2018 King Features Synd., Inc.

TO ADVERTISE CALL

716.807.7729

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A PLASTIC FABRIC (cont’d) thetics, and polyesters, trying to come up with a replacement for silk. America’s silk came from Japan, and trade relations were breaking down.

• One day a fellow researcher discovered that when he stirred a flask of warm soft synthetics with a rod, and then pulled the rod out of the flask, the material would stretch into long silky fibers. They decided to see how far these filaments would stretch. They took a blob into the hallway and stretched it out into strings the length of the hall. Amazingly, the fibers became stronger the longer they grew, the opposite of what they expected. They had accidentally discovered that the stress of being stretched causes the molecules to align in strong chains, a process called cold-drawing.

• Using this process on other synthetic substances led to the discovery of a material that turned out to be not only a substitute for silk, but also found a million other uses. The raw material consists of coal, petroleum products, air, and water, which is formulated and run through the cold-drawing process. It won’t mildew, decay, or absorb moisture, and it’s impervious to greases and cleansers. In certain forms it has an amazing elasticity, making it perfect for use in ropes, parachutes, and clothing. A rope made of this material holds 50% more weight than a steel cable of the same diameter.

Other uses include toothbrushes, guitar strings, and ski boots. They called it nylon, a word they made up.

A PLASTIC FILM • It was 1933 and college student Ralph Wiley took a job at Dow Chemical Company to pay his way through college in the middle of the Great Depression. It was his job to clean up after the scientists, which meant washing out a lot of bottles, test tubes, and flasks.

• One day one of the flasks refused to come clean, no matter how hard Wiley scrubbed, and no matter what cleaning solutions he used. The flask had been used in an experiment searching for better dry cleaning solvents. Finally Wiley peeled a thin film of polymers away from the glass. He showed this film to his boss, John Reilly. Reilly saw potential in the material and put his best chemists on the project. The film (continued on next page)

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Unscrambled on Page 8

Answers on page 4

Theresa L. Kipfer

Independent Beauty Consultant

716-444-6322 theresakipfer@yahoo.com For more information on becoming an Independent Beauty Consultant or to order product call or text me!

“Helping Every Woman Feel Beautiful, One Face At A Time...”

APPLE BABY BALLAD BASH BIT BLAST BREAD BURN BUTTER CAT CHARIOT CLANKED CLYDE COOKIN COOTIES CRANKED CUBE DEUCE

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RESTORE IT WITH: Concrete Top Coat Repair Resurfacer • Steps - Porches • Walls - Cracks We use HIGH quality commercial products

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Division of J.C. Enterprises

Page 3

JOSEPH CROWLEY Owner

Answers on Page 4

1. In what year did the production of plastic outpace the production of steel?

2. In 1960 the average American consumed about 30 lbs. of plastic each year. How much does an average American consume today?

Solution puzzle on page 4

EYEBALL FAR OUT FLICK GERM GIG GRODY HANG HEP HORN JACKETED JETS KEEPER KICK KOOKIE LID MOST NEST PUNK

Page 4

Tidbits® of Niagara Region

Solution puzzle on page 8

Classified Ad Rates Cost is $15/week for the first 20 words.

Add $3 for each additional group of 5 words or less.

(24 words, $18... 26 words, $21, etc.)

All standard ads are printed in B/W Add $3 for color background. Add $5 for photo.

Email ad information to tidbitsofniagararegion@gmail.com Ads need to be in by noon on Monday to appear in following weeks paper.

Call 716-807-7729 to place ad as well.

A PLASTIC FILM (cont’d) needed a name, and Reilly thought of his wife, Sarah, and his daughter, Ann and named the product after them: Saran.

• During World War II Saran was sprayed onto airplanes to protect parts from salt sea spray and sand. After the war, it was revamped and used to protect car upholstery. In 1949, it became the first cling wrap designed for commercial use. Re-named Saran Wrap, it was first sold for household use in 1953.

• Ralph Wiley continued his career at Dow Chemical, receiving many patents. Today the polyethylene film he discovered is the most abundant form of plastic made, with 80 million metric tons produced worldwide each year.

Most is used in packaging.

POLYETHYLENE • Ethylene is a gas which is a byproduct of refining crude oil. It used to be burned off and wasted, until 1933 when two British chemists started experimenting with it. One experiment resulted in their lab blowing up, but later they found that if they added benzaldehyde and oxygen under pressure, ethylene molecules hook together into long strong chains called polyethylene. Polyethylene is stronger than steel but soft as wax. Today there are two types: highdensity polyethylene (HDPE) used for things such as milk jugs; and low density polyethylene (LDPE) used for plastic wraps and bags. Polyethylene was the first plastic to sell more than a billion pounds per year in the U.S.

For advertising rates call 716.807.7729

Answers on Page 8

Kathy Weaver

Ind Stylist (716)628-3755

NOW AVAILABLE TUESDAY - SATURDAY

Renew Hair Studio 425 Davison Road Lockport, NY 14094

Kathy Weaver CALL FOR HOURS • 716-628-3755

Evening and Special Hours Available by Appt.

WANTED

GUNSMOKE

GUNS AND AMMO

3580 Lockport - Olcott Rd. Lockport, NY

434-2646

Solution puzzle on page 8

—WE BUY USED GUNS—

VanBurenEnterprises

HELP WANTED

Buy From The Grower

LOOKING FOR ADVERTISING SALES PEOPLE TO JOIN OUR TEAM! CALL 716-807-7729 or email: tidbitsofniagararegion@gmail.com

For God so loved the world that He gave His one and only Son, that whoever believes in Jesus shall not perish but have eternal life.

For God did not send Jesus into the world to condemn the world, but to save the world through Him. Prayer is communicating with God, talking and listening, anyone can do it anywhere any time. Admit your need for grace and mercy. All of us have sinned, fallen short of God’s standard and need Jesus to redeem us. Be honest with God and ask Him to forvgive you and reveal Himself to you.

Ken Hill 716-417-4173 You will not be asked for donations or to join an organization

Local Fall Produce Pumpkins • Squash

6865 Wolcottsville Rd. Akron, NY 14001 Stop By Anytime and Check Out Our Pumpkin Selection

Brian VanBuren (716) 913-5957

ANSWERS TO PUZZLES

8oz Farm Fresh Burger $8.50 4oz Farm Fresh Burger $4 Lg Steak & Cheese $11 sm/$7 Lg Turkey/Ham Club Sub $11 sm /$7 Italian Sausage $6.50 5oz Beef on Weck $6 w/cheese/$7 Sahlens Hotdog $2 Skinless/$1.25 Pulled Pork Sandwich $6 Salad $7 Fried Chicken Fingers $6 Fries sm/$2 Lg/$4 (Add Cheese or Bacon & Gravy .75¢) Club Sandwiches $6 – Ham/Turkey/BLT 10 Chicken Wings $8 Hot/Medium/Mild/BBQ (4) Pizza Logs or(5) Mozzarella Sticks $5 Grilled Cheese $2 w/Bacon $3 (5) Fried Pickles $5

Differences

1. Container is missing. 2. Hair is shorter.

3. Belt is missing. 4. Suspenders are missing.

5 Sign is missing. 6. Cash register is smaller.

1. The energy in about ten plastic bags is enough to drive a car about a mile.

2. Every piece of plastic that has ever entered the ocean remains in the ocean. Plastics are neither biodegradable or photodegradable.

They persist in the environment forever.

3. About half of all goods sold today come encased in some sort of plastic.

4. In one study, 90% of seabirds examined had pieces of plastic in their guts.

5. Another study showed that among sea turtles that turned up dead on the shore of Hawaii, 80% had ingested plastic.

NOW OPEN

(corner of 93 & 425) 4078 North Ridge Road

WEEKLY SPECIALS

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15

tax included take out only

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TO ADVERTISE CALL

716.807.7729

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OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK

For advertising rates call 716.807.7729

Tidbits® of Niagara Region

Page 5

Fabulous Food

EXPANDING OUR SERVICE AREA E R A E W Providing Full Service Pet Grooming...

JELLY, JAM, & JUICE

Solution on page 8

Locks to Lift Off at the

Challenger Learning Center

Japanese Billionaire to Fly to the Moon

at the convenience of your home, since 1994

• The quince tree grows in a variety of locations in the Mediterranean region, and it bears a fruit that looks like a cross between an apple and a pear. The quince fruit is hard and sour, but when it is peeled and then roasted, baked, or stewed, the flesh of the fruit becomes sweeter, though it remains pungent. It can be added to applesauce or turned into wine or brandy. Also, quinces that are slowly boiled for a long time with honey will gel into a thick, sticky substance due to the pectin in the peel. This quince jelly was popular during sea voyages because it kept well and supplied sailors with vitamin C. • According to legend, when a ship ran aground off the coast of Scotland near Dundee, its load of oranges was going to spoil, so the local residents had a heyday with the windfall. One enterprising woman named Janet Keiller, wanting to preserve the oranges before they rotted, experimented with making quince jelly with oranges instead of quince, dropping chunks of orange peel into the mix.

• Whether or not the story is true, Dundee, Scotland became the headquarters for production of this type of orange jam when a factory was opened there in 1797. Since then, oranges have become associated with the jelly more than quinces, although it is also made with limes, grapefruit, and strawberries.

• This jam-like treat got its name from the Portuguese word for quince, “marmelo” a word that derives from the Latin word “melimelum” meaning “honey apple.” Today it’s called marmalade.

• The widespread mass marketing of jelly in the U.S. began with Thomas Welch, who was a dentist, a minister, and prohibitionist in the 1800s. He felt it was hypocritical for churches to oppose the consumption of alcohol while still offering real wine for communion.

• In 1869 Thomas Welch discovered that pasteurizing grape juice would prevent it from fermenting while also giving it a long shelf life. He lived near Concord, Massachusetts, the birthplace of the Concord grape. He began to (continued on next page)

Anita’s Puppy Palace

MOBILE PET GROOMING & BOARDING KENNEL www.anitaspuppypalace.com

Before

NOW SERVING

now offering Saturday appts

counties

15292 E. Kent Rd. • Kent, NY

NIAGARA & ORLEANS

by appointment only

585-682-3219 After

TIDBITS OF NIAGARA REGION IS NOW ON FACEBOOK https://facebook.com/tibitsofniagararegion

LAKEVIEW STORAGE SHEDS 1054 FOSS ROAD (OFF RT. 18) • LYNDONVILLE, NY 14098 Manufacturers of the Empire Series SpaceX CEO Elon Musk announced Yusaku Maezawa, founder of Zozotown, Japan’s largest online clothing retailer, will be the first private passenger to ride around the Moon. They will do this with the SpaceX’s future massive rocket, the Big Falcon Rocket (BFR).

Maezawa hopes to fly as early as 2023, and he plans to take artists with him. He is planning for the ride to aid an art project called #dearMoon.

Maezawa reportedly has a net worth of about $3 billion, according to Forbes. He is also an avid art collector, and wants to invite other artists to come along with him on his ride. Maezawa says he has “bought all the seats” on the rocket and is looking for others to join him on the mission around the Moon. Maezawa said “These artists will be asked to create something after they return to Earth, and these masterpieces will inspire the dreamer within all of us.” Maezawa says he hasn’t decided which artists he’d like to invite yet, but he would like them to represent many different fields, such as painters, musicians, and so on.

SpaceX has actually announced plans to send a paying customer to the Moon before. In February 2017, Elon Musk announced that two individuals put down a “significant deposit” to fly around the Moon. No details about the passengers were given, though he said it was (continued on next page)

GAZEBOS CABINS GARAGES DOUBLE WIDES

CUSTOM SHEDS OUR SPECIALTY Quality by Design

Rent to Own!

LAKEVIEW STORAGE SHEDS

1054 FOSS ROAD (OFF RT. 18) • LYNDONVILLE, NY 14098

Office Hours: Monday - Friday 8am - 5pm Saturdays 8am - 3pm • Closed on Sunday

“Incredible Sheds for Incredible People”

Page 6

Tidbits® of Niagara Region

The Village

A Manufactured Home Community

6035 S. Transit Rd. Lockport, NY 14094

Tammy Lee-Kavney-ROSe Licensed Real Estate Salesperson

Phone: 716-434-6241 Fax: 716-434-9634 Cell: 585-469-4597 Email: Villagehomes@gmail.com www.villagehomecommunityhomes.com

5665 South Transit Road • Lockport, NY 14094 Cell: 716.392.3520 Office: 716.434.8458 • Fax: 716.434.6589

Jeanie Swatsworth Russell Swatworth Jr.

tammykavneyrose@howardhanna.com HowardHanna.com

Park Managers

tammykavneyrose.howardhanna.com

BASEMENT WATERPROOFING DONALD A. YORK INC.

Waterproofing & Drainage Contractor • Wall Bracing • Plugged drain tiles corrected OVER • Bowed, cracked walls 60 YEARS • Wet yards EXPERIENCE • Glass block windows • Basements spray painted: Waterproof paint seals, makes walls look like new!

709 Casey Road, East Amherst, NY • 716-688-6111

Abrasive Water Jet Cutting Specialists 9720 Rochester Rd Middleport, NY 14105 phone: 716-735-3370 fax: 866-323-7402

Jeff Ulrich, President mobile phone: 716-622-9427 www.hydrofabwaterjet.com email: HydroFabrication@verizon.net

We make and repair everything in the jewelry lines...

PETE HERRIVEN OWNER

716-735-4129

JEWELRY • WATCHES • DIAMONDS

petes.garage@yahoo.com

PETE’S GARAGE

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9966 ROCHESTER RD MIDDLEPORT NY 14105

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Japanese Billionaire to Fly to the Moon cont’d from page 4

“nobody from Hollywood.”

SpaceX decided to scrap the Falcon Heavy Moon mission. The BFR is the massive reusable rocket that SpaceX is developing to take people to the Moon and Mars. Maezawa was supposed to be one of the passengers on the Falcon Heavy flight.

Japanese Probe Lands on Asteroid

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The Hayabusa 2 probe has been slowly building to this moment since December, 2014. It has been nudged along by gentle thrust of its engines, and the spacecraft finally caught up with the asteroid Ryugu in June and began nestling up to its target before deploying the rovers. (continued in next column)

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JELLY, JAM, & JUICE (cont’d) bottle grape juice in his home, and he launched a campaign to have churches use ‘Dr. Welch’s Unfermented Wine’ for communion, naming the product after himself. Churches generally felt it was sacrilegious to serve anything but real wine, and ignored him. His product flopped.

• After Thomas died in 1903, his son Charles Welch followed in his footsteps, but instead of selling it to churches, he began to sell it to the general populace, hawking it as a healthy fruit drink. By 1909 Charles Welch was selling a million gallons a year.

• When Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan served grape juice instead of wine at a high-toned diplomatic dinner in 1914, the newspapers had a field day and Welch’s juice got much free publicity.

• In 1914, the U.S. Navy forbade the consumption of alcoholic beverages on board ships, and supplied the sailors with Charles’ grape juice instead. Charles added jellies and jams to his product line and the entire supply of “Grapelade” (grape marmalade) was purchased by the U.S. Army during World War I. When soldiers returned home, they asked their local stores to stock the products.

• When Prohibition kicked in, sales of the grape juice really took off. Today Thomas and Charles Welch’s last name is synonymous with juice, jam, and jelly.

• Welch’s Food Inc. is still located in Concord, Massachusetts, and has been owned and operated by the National Grape Cooperative Association since 1956. In addition to a variety of juices, jellies, and jams, they now also manufacture several kinds of soda pop as well as fruit snacks.

Japanese Probe Lands on Asteroid

(continued) The Hayabusa 2 scientists are excited by its jagged terrain because it offers insights into the asteroid’s violent past. Understanding these small bodies also provides crucial context for NASA’s OSIRIS-REx probe mission.

Astronomers observe young stars surrounded by forming planets. They can also see the end result e.g. our solar system. What they can’t see is what happened in between, when countless collisions among these celestial bodies created, and recreated the building blocks of planets. Ryugu is a battered survivor from that era. More important, it is the most revealing type of survivor: an asteroid that is rich in water and carbon compounds. “We seek clues for the origin of solar system, and the origin of life,” Tsuda said. “Asteroids like Ryugu are the best place to approach to these two ultimate questions of humankind.”

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1.How many hotels are operated on the Disneyland grounds, owned by Disney?

2.Name the only Disneyland ride to hang from the ceiling?

A second California Disney theme park, California Adventure, opened in 2001 on the site that had functioned as Disneyland’s parking lot for over 40 years.

Plastic items bobbing around near the surface of the sea become covered with algae and barnacles. Eventually the weight of the algae and barnacles becomes so great that the buoyant plastic item sinks to the bottom of the July 17 Way Corrigan Day the algae sea.

There, withWrong no sunlight to nourish July 18 and no food for Chrysanthemum the barnacles, Day the living creaJuly 19die and slough Flitch Day tures off, whereupon the plastic July 20 National Day rising to the item becomes buoyant Lollipop once again, July 21 Get to Know Your Customers Day surface to repeat the cycle July 22 Spoonerism Day endlessly.

July 23

National Day of the Cowboy

1. Name the most visited theme park in all of Europe.

Tidbits® of Niagara Region 2. What part of Disneyland contains the “Big Thunder Mountain Railroad” and “Tom Sawyer Island”?THE PLASTIC BAG 3. What is the name of the transportation system throughout Disneyland?

4.

What ride beings in Space Port where guests • In the early 1960s, Sten Thulin was working board a rocket? company in Sweden when he for the Celloplast 5. Where would a visitor find “Mr. Toad’s Wild developed a method of forming a one-piece bag Ride” and “Peter Pan’s Flight”? by folding, welding and die-cutting a flat tube of plastic in order to turn out a simple plastic bag with handles. Patented in 1965, Celloplast had a monopoly on the iconic “T-shirt” plastic grocery bag.

• In the U.S., Exxon Mobile challenged Celloplast’s U.S. patent, and it was overturned in “What youngster has not dreamed of 1977. Theflying with Peter Pan over moonlit first plastic bags showed up in stores in 1979, and by the 1980s, many firms in the London, or tumbling into Alice’s U.S. were nonsensical Wonderland?” manufacturing them.

• Kroger began offering shoppers the choice -- Walt Disney between “paper or plastic” in 1982, followed by Safeway. Because 1,000 plastic bags cost $24, while the same number of paper bags cost $30, they caught on quickly. By the end of 1985, David Hasselhoff 7/17/52 75% of supermarkets were offering plastic bags Vin Diesel 7/18/67 to their customers.

Vikki Carr 7/19/41 • Many customers still preferred paper bags Carlos Santana 7/20/47 because they wouldJon stand upright in the trunks Lovitz 7/21/57 of cars. Plastic heldSelena just 25% of the7/22/92 market, Gomez but within the nextDaniel decade, the plastic bag had Radcliffe 7/23/89 captured 80% of the market. Plastic bags were waterproof, able to contain up to 1,000 times their own weight, and easier to carry.

• Today Americans use around 100 billion plastic bags each year, amounting to almost one bag per person per day. Laid end-to-end, they could circle the equator 1,330 times. Worldwide, it’s estimated that 1 trillion bags are used annually.

• The bags are made from high-density polyethylene, or #2-type plastic, which is the same Looking for a natural weed killer for kind used to produce many types of plastic your garden? White vinegar is an bottles. #2 plastic can be recycled and re-used, but it does break down in the broadleaf environment. effectivenot and earth-friendly • In 2007, San Francisco became the first U.S. weed killer, as is lemon juice. You can city to ban plastic grocery bags, followed by the also apply a strong salt water solution entire state of California in 2016. to those pesky weeds that appear in the • Mumbai, India, banned plastic bags because (continued on next page) cracks of your driveway or sidewalk

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If you search online, you’ll find quite a few websites and companies that cater to veterans and their families.

Sometimes it involves a much-reduced hotel rate or discounts to activities.

The best place to start, however, is with Veterans Holidays. Walt Disney has received more Academy Awards and nominations than any other person in history – 22 Awards and 59 nominations Veterans Holidays (www.veteransholidays.com) Rob has picked outbetween 1932 and 1969. holiday vacation rental dates around Siegmann Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, Christmas and into next year. It has weeklong stays starting at $349 and listings at more than 200,000 locations around the world. All it takes to get started is to sign up with a free membership. Click on a date, destination and other filters such as rating, unit type and options. This is a great site with loads of photos and information on activities in the area, as well as directions from local airports.

Home Remodeling • Landscaping • Property Maintenance If your budget is higher, Samoa, Argentina, Australia, Italy, Cyprus, Mexico and more are available, all with TIDBITS OF NIAGARA REGION IS NOW ON FACEBOOK veteran discounts.

Each site comes with TripAdvisor ratings with reviews https://facebook.com/tibitsofniagararegion by others who have vacationed there, along with amenities and activities. Should your selection not be available when you want to go, alternate choices are at the bottom of the page. It also has last minute and Space-A vacations.

High Demand vacations are just that, and come with a Texas, and Williamsburg, Virginia can be enjoyable higher price, but they’re still discounted for veterans. anytime, especially if you want warmer weather for The available dates might not be specifically the golf, tennis and hiking. at Thanksgiving and Christmas, but trips to Florida, Don’t delay, plan your trip now.

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PLASTIC BAGS (cont’d) they block storm drains and made monsoon flooding worse. Ireland put a 15¢ fee on every plastic bag, and use of the bags dropped by 94% within weeks. When China banned plastic bags altogether, it’s estimated that they saved 1.6 million tons of oil in the first year.

• Only about 5% of plastic bags are recycled in the U.S. PLASTIC BOTTLES • The polyethylene terephthalate (“PET”) bottle was invented in 1973. Prior to 1973, soda pop and other liquid items were packaged in glass bottles, which were heavy and prone to breaking during transport. PET is a type of plastic that does not explode under the pressure of containing carbonated beverages.

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synthetic fleece clothing, straps, paintbrush bristles, sleeping bag filler, t-shirts, carpets, furniture, and new bottles. Still, only about 25% of PET bottles are recycled.

• 55 billion PET bottles that could have been recycled end up in American landfills each year.

The energy contained in those bottles would have been enough energy to heat and light 1.2 million homes for a year. They could have been made into enough polyester to knit three sweaters for every resident of the U.S. It takes only five recycled two-liter bottles to make enough fiberfill for one ski jacket.

• Americans recycle 23% of their glass, 34% of metals, and 55% of paper, but only 7% of plastic. People in Japan recycle 77% of their plastic. States with bottle bills have recycling rates double the amount of states without them.

Michigan charges 10¢ for every PET bottle sold, and 90% are returned. California recovers 75% of their bottles.

There are two main types of plastics, “thermoset plastics” and “thermoplastics.” When thermoset plastics are heated and poured into a mold, the chain of polymers form bonds so tight that they are unbreakable. You can snap a piece of thermoset in half but you cannot melt thermoset down to re-form the material. Thermoplastics have polymer chains that form much looser bonds which can be melted down and re-formed over and over again. This is why recycling centers often ask that different types of plastics be separated.

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