Ava Alberetti by Bill Marshall

Featuring

The Civil Rights Movement

The scoop on

segregation IN THE 1950'S-60'S

By: Ava Alberetti

THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT I

ts 1964 and Martin Luther King

Jr. is being handed a noble peace prize, the world seems to lighten up for little Jolene. All her life she had been segregated from the white children and to watch a man of her color earn an award for peace fills her with joy … “BOOM” Next the outline of pointed hats and robes blind her. Then flames engulf her and the world becomes dark with King at the March in Washington

the sudden cry of “Segregation Stays!” As stated by Britannica The Civil Rights Movement was a “ … mass protest movement against racial segregation and discrimination in the southern United States that came to national prominence during the mid-1950s.” The African-American Civil Rights

Movement was a time where people got together to protest the unfair ways and stood up for what they believed in. Three main events, people, and laws from this time were: The Jim Crow laws, Marches such as The March on Washington, and a group of white supremacists called The Ku Klux Klan.

The Jim Crow Laws One of the main events of this time period was segregation between black and white people or more specifically the laws known as the Jim Crow laws. Jim Crow was a caste system, based in the Southern states, this system followed many rules stating things that African American people should not do. It implied that white people were more superior than the African American people. The laws were named after a white man named Thomas Dartmouth Rice, he was an actor and one of his performing acts was called “Jump, Jim Crow.” In this act he painted his face black and imitated slaves. The Jim Crow laws were also against integration in schools, African American people using the same Toilet Facilities and water fountains, along with intermarriage and much more. The punishments for breaking these laws was very severe. In Missouri's laws of 1929 it stated “Separate free schools shall be established for the education of children of African descent; and it shall be

unlawful for any colored child to 1

By: Ava Alberetti

FACTS

attend any white school, or any white child to attend a colored

1. The Jim Crow laws started in 1877 and lasted until the 1950’s.

school.” This is showing that some of the laws were clearly racist and cruel, based on skin pigment. Along having very cruel and unfair laws against integration there was also a group of people dedicated to destroy anyone of dark colored skin, their motto was White supremacy… who are they?

2. The KKK was America's first terrorist group, it started in December 24, 1865 and has been going on since then. Its most infamous time was during the civil rights movement, but it still continues today 3. King was the last speaker of the March, no one else wanted to speak last, for fear the press would had left already, but he didn’t really care… so he spoke last, which made for a outstanding closing.

The Ku Klux Klan Indeed this group of people is known as the Ku Klux Klan or KKK, this racist group spent their time hating African American people and doing unimaginably horrendous things to them. They eliminated activists and possible threats to their group by The KKK in Uniform

murdering people and bombing churches and houses and most of the time they weren’t

Elizabeth Eckford one of the first black students to attend Little Rock Central High School.

caught, because they could not be identified. As specified from 1920 pamphlet titled Ideals of the Ku Klux Klan, “ WE STAND FOR WHITE SUPREMACY. Distinction among the races is not accidental but designed.” This part of the pamphlet. shows that segregating the two races was not accidental yet purposeful, The KKK is admitting that they strongly think that they were of higher rank than those of colored skin. The Ku Klux Klan was and still is a very terrorizing group whose belief is that anyone whose skin is A timeline of the important events in the Civil Rights Movement

By: Ava Alberetti

pigmented differently than theirs is of less value. Now stepping off onto a completely different note. Besides having cruel and mean protesters of the Civil Rights Movement, there we tons of people stepping up for the movement, there were protests, marches and much more.

The March on Washington During the Civil rights movement there were many marches and protests, one of the most famous and well known ones is The March on Washington for jobs and freedom. This was a march that took place on August 28, 1963 in Washington D.C. The most well known event from this massive march was Martin Luther

King Jr’s “I have a dream” speech. The march supported giving African American people economic equality, since over the years they had been treated horribly and unfairly in work environments. Over 200,000 people showed up to it. There they sang along with famous musicians, prayed, and listened to speeches. During his speech, King stated “I

Marchers at the March on Washington

have a dream

that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.” Martin Luther King Jr. is saying that he wants to see a world where skin pigment does not define your individuality. Everyone marching wanted to see freedom and equal rights in and out of the workplace. King portrays their thoughts perfectly and without flaw. The March on Washington was probably one of the most famous events of the Civil Rights Movement, due to the speech given by Martin Luther King Jr. But the fact that people came out together to support one cause and marched had bigger impact than the speech itself.

Red: segregation required by law Orange: Segregation allowed in some areas Yellow: No law on segregation

Blue: Segregation not allowed by law In final analysis: The African-American Civil Rights Movement was a time where people got together to protest the unfair ways and stood up for what they believed in. Three main events and people of this time were:

the Jim

Crow laws.

Marches such as The March on Washington and a group of white

supremacists called The Ku Klux Klan. The Jim Crow laws supported segregation and clearly implied that idea that white people were better that African American people. The KKK was and still is a terrible terrorist group with the intent to remove all people who were insignificant to them, particularly African Americans. Finally the March on Washington was one of the many protests demanding for economic equality. Together these three events, people, and items contributed largely to the Civil Rights Movement each one in their own individual way. Now today in 2017 how does this movement aﬀect our society?

By: Ava Alberetti

Citations: "1957: The Civil Rights Movement." Columbia Journalism School Centennial. Web. 04 June 2017. Art Gallery, Police State, Politics January 18, 2015 | Milicent Cranor. "MLK Also Had a Nightmare." WhoWhatWhy. 18 Feb. 2015. Web. 04 June 2017. Carson, Clayborne. "American Civil Rights Movement." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 02 May 2017. Web. 04 June 2017. Craven, Julia. "Ku Klux Klan Fliers Promoting Islamophobia Found In Washington State Neighborhood." The Huﬃngton Post. TheHuﬃngtonPost.com, 02 Mar. 2015. Web. 04 June 2017. Gassett, Logan. "Civil Rights Movement Timeline." Prezi.com. 09 Jan. 2014. Web. 04 June 2017. "March on Washington." PBS. Public Broadcasting Service. Web. 04 June 2017.