Tidbits of Bismarck, Volume 1, Issue 8 by Tidbits of Bismarck

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November 26, 2014 Enterprise Publications, LLC

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Vol. 1 Issue 8

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COFFEE by Janet Spencer

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• In Arabic, the phrase ‘qahhwat al-bun’ meant ‘wine of the bean.’ That was shortened to ‘qahwa’ which the Turks pronounced ‘kahve’ which was borrowed by the Dutch as ‘koffie’ which was turned into the English ‘coffee.’ Turn the page for more!

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• Coffee wasn’t in short supply when it was rationed. In fact, there was record coffee production in Latin American countries at the time. However, the growing demand for coffee from both military and civilian sources, and the demands placed on shipping, which was needed for other purposes, required rationing. Shortages were rarely the reason for rationing during the war. Rationing was generally employed either to guarantee fair distribution of resources and foodstuffs to all citizens or to give priority to military use for certain materials. About one-third of all food commonly consumed by civilians was rationed at one time or another during the war, including butter, sugar, milk, and gasoline.

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COFFEE (continued): CAFFEINE • Caffeine is found naturally not only in coffee and tea but also in about 100 other plants. Caffeine acts as a natural insecticide. It can kill insects, stunt their growth, impair their coordination, or ruin their reproduction capabilities. • A typical cup of drip-brewed coffee contains about 115 mg of caffeine. The same size cup of espresso delivers about 250 mg of caffeine. That’s why espresso is served in such tiny cups. Percolated coffee has slightly less caffeine than drip coffee. Decaffeinated coffee does not mean the coffee is caffeinefree. Brewed decaf has about 5 mg of caffeine. A typical cup of truck stop coffee will usually contain more caffeine than an expensive cup of designer coffee. That’s because the less expensive robusta beans from which inexpensive coffee is made are higher in caffeine than the more expensive arabica beans used in specialty coffee. • Methylene chloride is the chemical used to remove caffeine from coffee beans. The chemical is poisonous when inhaled, but because it evaporates at 120°F (49°C), it dissipates when the beans are roasted at 400°F (204°C). Any remnants still in the beans are rendered harmless by brewing the coffee at a temperature around 200°F (93°C). • Coffee increases alertness and enhances performance on certain tasks. Tests on drivers and typists prove that two cups of coffee can help. However, research shows it helps most if the drinker is bored or fatigued. It only boosts intellectual speed and not physical power. Furthermore, coffee seems to help extroverts more than it helps introverts. Studies show that people respond more to the caffeine they think they’ve consumed more than they respond to the amount of caffeine that they’ve actually consumed. HEALTH BENEFITS • Those who regularly drink alcohol are 20% less likely to develop cirrhosis of the liver if they drink at least one cup of coffee per day. • People who consume caffeine are less likely to develop Parkinson’s disease, and for those who have already developed Parkinson’s, it may help them control their movement. • Drinking two to four cups of coffee daily can reduce the risk of suicide by about 50%. The theoretical reason is because coffee acts as a mild antidepressant by aiding in the production of neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline. • Women who drink three or more cups of coffee a day are less likely to develop skin cancer than those who don’t. • People who drink four or more cups of coffee a day reduce their chances of developing type 2 diabetes by 50%. See the next page for more!

1. LITERATURE: What 19th-century novel’s opening line is, “Call me Ishmael”? 2. HISTORY: The Battle of Hastings was fought for control of which country? 3. U.S. STATES: How much did the United States pay Russia for the Alaskan territory in 1867? 4. MUSIC: Who sang the duet in the pop song “Ebony and Ivory”? 5. GEOGRAPHY: Where is Mount Vesuvius? 6. TELEVISION: Who played Morticia on “The Addams Family” TV series? 7. INVENTIONS: Who pioneered the concept of a blood bank? 8. ENTERTAINERS: Which entertainer also is known as “The Divine Miss M”? 9. AD SLOGANS: Which company featured the ad slogan: “A diamond is forever”? 10. FAMOUS QUOTES: What 20thcentury civil-rights leader said, “Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter”? (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

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COFFEE (continued):

• People older than 65 who had higher blood levels of caffeine developed Alzheimer’s disease two to four years later than others with lower caffeine levels. • According to a study, nothing else comes close to providing as many antioxidants as coffee. While fruits and vegetables also have tons of antioxidants, the human body seems to absorb the most from coffee. HOWEVER… • Smoking cigarettes and drinking coffee at the same time raises the blood pressure. The combination of caffeine and nicotine also stops the effects of many high-blood pressure medications. This spells danger for those whose blood pressure is already too high. • Birth defects are possible if a pregnant woman drinks more than eight cups a day during the pregnancy. Doctors still recommend that pregnant woman avoid all caffeine. FAST FACTS & QUICK BITS • Hawaii is the only state that grows coffee. • 40% of the world’s coffee comes from Brazil and Columbia. • Coffee beans are actually the pit of a berry, which makes them a fruit. • The first webcam was invented at the University of Cambridge to let people know if the coffee pot was full or not. • A cup of Starbucks exists in every scene of the movie “Fight Club.” • The average American consumes about 200 mg of caffeine a day. (A typical cup has between 95 and 200 mg of caffeine.) • 31% of coffee drinkers brew a cup first thing every morning. 65% of coffee consumption takes place during breakfast hours. • Americans consume 400 million cups of coffee per day, making the U.S. the leading consumer of coffee. The U.S. imports more than $4 billion worth of coffee each year.

1. Name the only team in the A.L. East to not win a division title since the 1994 strike-shortened season. 2. Which manager whose last name begins with “A” had more major-league victories: Walter Alston or Sparky Anderson? 3. Who was the only NFL running back to have back-to-back seasons of at least 1,800 yards? 4. Center Lew Alcindor (the future Kareem Abdul-Jabbar) lost only two games in three seasons of basketball at UCLA. Who were the losses against? 5. Which hockey player holds the record for most points in Olympic history? 6. When was the last time before 2014 that Norway finished in the top two spots in an Olympic Nordic combined event? 7. In 2014, golfer Hideki Matsuyama became the fourth male Japanese player to win on the PGA Tour. Name two of the first three. (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

• The cappuccino machine was perfected in 1946 by an Italian named Achille Gaggia. The name cappuccino comes from the resemblance of the color of the liquid to the color of the robes of the monks of the Capuchin order. THE BENT SPOON • Joe Brown was a great comic of the depression era. In the film “Elmer the Great” one gag involved a cup of coffee. He was trying to drink it while his spoon was still in the cup. Every time he lifted the cup to his lips, the spoon slipped and hit him in the eye. After half a dozen times, Brown took the spoon out of the cup, bent the handle, then replaced the bent spoon in the cup, solving the problem. Brown received hundreds of letters from angry mothers complaining that their kids bent every spoon in the house after seeing that scene.

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Tidbits® of Bismarck Famous Canadians:

TIM HORTON • Miles Gilbert “Tim” Horton was born in 1930 in Cochrane, Ontario. He was playing hockey by the time he was five years old. In 1948 he moved to Toronto to play junior hockey and two years later he turned pro, playing for a variety of teams before signing with the Leafs, where he remained until 1970. Horton won four Stanley Cups and was named NHL First Team All-Star three times. Between February 1961 and 1968, Horton appeared in 486 consecutive regularseason games, a run that remained the Leafs club record until 2007. • Horton had a reputation for enveloping opposing players in a crushing bear hug. Boston Bruins winger Derek Sanderson once bit Horton during a fight. Years later when asked why, he replied, “Well, I felt one rib go, and I felt another rib go, so I just had to get out of there!” • Tim Horton experimented with a couple of businesses on the side, first running a hamburger stand and then opening a car dealership. But in 1964 he hit pay dirt when he opened a donut shop in Hamilton, Ontario, on Ottawa Street. Soon after Horton opened the store, he met Ron Joyce, a former Hamilton police constable. In 1965, Joyce took over the fledgling Tim Horton Donut Shop. By 1967, after he had opened up two more stores, he and Tim Horton became full partners in the business. Joyce worked aggressively to expand the franchise. • On February 21, 1974, Tim Horton was driving his sports car at a high rate of speed down the Queen Elizabeth Way in Ontario. He lost control and drove into the median. The car flipped several times before coming to a stop on its roof. Not wearing a seatbelt, Horton was ejected 60 m (200 ft) from the car. He was pronounced dead at a local hospital. Continued on the next page.

by Samantha Weaver • It was beloved American author Mark Twain who made the following sage observation: “Always do right -- this will gratify some and astonish the rest.” • In September of 2007, a law was enacted in China that made it illegal for a living Buddha to reincarnate without permission from the government. So far there’s no word on what the punishment for breaking the law might be. • Pretty much everyone has seen shellac on a piece of furniture or perhaps a guitar -it’s used to give wood that rich shine. You might be surprised to learn that shellac is derived from a substance that is excreted by a tiny red insect found almost exclusively in the forests of Thailand. You might be even more surprised to learn that shellac isn’t just found on wood; the next time you eat jelly beans or take a bite of a bright-red apple you bought in a grocery store, you can thank the Kerria lacca insect for that lovely shine. • American novelist Edgar Rice Burroughs was the oldest war correspondent of World War II, flying with the 7th Air Force on bombing runs in the Pacific at the age of 66. • Otters float while they sleep, and in order to keep from floating away from each other while dozing, they hold hands. • It’s been reported that on his deathbed, noted French Enlightenment figure Voltaire was enjoined by a priest to renounce Satan. The philosopher is said to have admonished the priest, saying, “Now, now, my good man. This is no time for making enemies.” *** Thought for the Day: “Life is to be lived. If you have to support yourself, you had bloody well better find some way that is going to be interesting. And you don’t do that by sitting around.” -- Katharine Hepburn (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

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TIM HORTON (continued):

• It wasn’t until 2005 that the autopsy report was released, which showed that Horton’s blood alcohol level was twice the legal limit, and that a half-filled vodka bottle was among the crash debris. • On Nov. 26, 1922, in Egypt’s Valley of the Kings, British archaeologists become the first souls to enter King Tutankhamen’s tomb in more than 3,000 years. Inside was a collection of several thousand priceless objects, including a gold coffin containing the mummy of the teenage king. • On Nov. 24, 1932, the FBI crime lab opens in Washington, D.C. The lab was chosen because it had the necessary sink. It was operated out of a single room with one full-time employee who began with a borrowed microscope. • On Nov. 27, 1942, French Admiral Jean de Laborde sinks the French fleet anchored off the southern coast of France to keep it out of German hands. Laborde ordered the sinking of eight cruisers, an aircraft transport, 30 destroyers and 16 submarines. • On Nov. 30, 1950, President Harry Truman announces that he is prepared to authorize the use of atomic weapons in order to achieve peace in Korea. At the time, communist China had joined North Korean forces in their attacks on United Nations troops, including U.S. soldiers in South Korea. • On Nov. 29, 1963, one week after President John Kennedy was fatally shot while riding in a motorcade in Dallas, President Lyndon Johnson establishes a commission to investigate the assassination. The Warren Commission concluded that there was no conspiracy. In 1978, the House Select Committee on Assassinations concluded that Kennedy was “probably assassinated as a result of a conspiracy” that may have involved multiple shooters and organized crime.

• Upon Horton’s death, Ron Joyce bought out the Horton family’s shares for $1 million and took over as sole owner of the existing chain of 40 stores. By 1991, Joyce had opened the 500th outlet. Tim Hortons franchises spread rapidly and eventually overtook McDonald’s as Canada’s largest food service operator. The rapid expansion of the chain drove many independent donut shops out of business, while Canada’s per-capita ratio of donut shops surpassed those of all other countries. • As of 2013, Tim Hortons had 4,304 outlets, including 3,588 in Canada, and 859 in the U.S. The company holds 25% of the Canadian fast-food market, 62% of the coffee market (compared to Starbucks, in the #2 position, at 7%) and more than 75% of the baked goods market. Half of all bagels sold in Canada are sold through Tim Hortons. • On average, stores offer 20 different kinds of donuts along with a lunch menu including soups and sandwiches. However, 60% of their sales occur in the morning, and of that more than 50% is coffee. • Despite having a population of just 64,128, the city of Moncton, NB, has a staggering 22 Tim Hortons franchises. That equates to 1 restaurant for every 2,915 residents. Nationwide, the ratio of Tim Hortons to Canadian citizens is 1 to 15,000. • Its location in Iqaluit on the southern coast of Baffin Island is the northernmost store. • Ron Joyce’s son married Tim Horton’s daughter, returning the Horton family to the company.

2. Name the duo who penned the theme song for the film “Midnight Cowboy.” 3. Who penned and released “Sir Duke”? 4. Name the artist with the album entitled “School’s Out.” 5. Name the song that contains this lyric: “If you took all the girls I knew when I was single, And brought them all together for one night, I know they’d never match my sweet imagination, Everything looks worse in black and white.” (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

• On Nov. 28, 1979, a New Zealand sightseeing plane traveling over Antarctica crashes, killing all 257 people on board, after the pilot descended to 1,500 feet. The pilot didn’t know that his descent came right as the plane reached Mount Erebus, a 12,444-foot volcano. • On Nov. 25, 1980, Sugar Ray Leonard regains boxing’s welterweight title when his opponent, reigning champ Roberto Duran, waves his arms and walks away from the fight in the eighth round. “No mas, no mas,” Duran told the referee. “No more box.”

1. What was the last hit by The Bell Notes?

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Tidbits® of Bismarck film adaptation just in time to cash in on the dystopian teen fiction trend in Hollywood. It doesn’t have the same impact as the novel, but it also steers clear of the cliches of the current genre -- no love triangles or werewolf fights. The story is there, but the pacing and drama don’t fly off of the screen.

EDITOR’S NOTE: DVDs reviewed in this column will be available in stores the week of Nov. 24, 2014. PICKS OF THE WEEK The Expendables 3 (PG-13) -- Sylvester Stallone, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Jet Li and a host of other big names resume their duties of being expandable without ever getting expended. A huge ensemble isn’t really the point of shoot ‘em up action flicks, but The Expendables offers us the hope that by simply cramming tons of old-school tough-as-nails movie stars into one project, an awesome movie must form under the weight of all that musclemass. Of all the action movies to come out this year, this is absolutely the movie with the most crowded poster. Wesley Snipes and Antonio Banderas enter the line up, along with some younger actors with shorter resumes. Even fans of the franchise will be let down by the lack of surprises. Mel Gibson plays a fun-to-watch unhinged antagonist, which is almost a surprise. The Giver (PG-13) -- Jonas (Brenton Thwaites) lives in a black-and-white world where individuality and emotions are suppressed in the name of controlling conflict. When he comes of age, the community assigns him to be “The Receiver,” the one person who holds all of the community’s memories of what the world once was. As Jonas receives more memories from the Giver (Jeff Bridges), he starts to see things for what they really are. The beloved novel by Lois Lowry gets its own

The November Man (R) -- Here’s a premise that I’ve never seen before, and I’m not sure if audiences can handle it: A hardened ex-CIA agent gets pulled out of retirement for one more mission. He’s been backstabbed by some former pals, and he even has to go up against a younger operative that he himself trained! The plot has lots of twists and turns, but nothing outside genre standards. Pierce Brosnan gives a delightfully nuanced performance as the grizzled protagonist, but it’s not enough to raise this movie above the average. Average can still be good enough for a rental, though, especially if you need more globe-trotting spy battles. What If (R) -- To complete the cascade of cliched genre-flicks in this week’s roundup, we have a lukewarm romantic comedy about attractive late-twentysomethings living in a chic urban environment. Wallace (Daniel Radcliffe) and Chantry (Zoe Kazan) have instant chemistry full of lovely banter and adorable compatibility. She’s got a long-term boyfriend, so the likable leads can’t jump right into romance. You’ll be simultaneously charmed and annoyed by their arbitrarily extended courtship. TV RELEASES “Masterpiece Mystery: Inspector Lewis 7” “Mystery Science Theater 3000: The Turkey Day Collection” “The Equalizer Season 4” “Drunk History Seasons 1 and 2” “Jeeves & Wooster Complete Collection” (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

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COFFEE: QUIZ • Ludwig Roselius had a father who was a professional coffee taster in Germany in the 1800s. His father died young. Ludwig thought his father’s death was due to ingesting too much caffeine. At the time, the process of decaffeinating coffee made it lose most of its flavor. • Ludwig opened a coffee business of his own, and in 1903 a ship filled with coffee beans destined for his store flooded and the entire load was soaked with seawater. Ludwig gave this ruined coffee to his researchers, asking them to experiment with decaffeination. Surprisingly, they found that the soaked beans were easy to decaffeinate. The key was to raise the moisture content of the beans before subjecting them to the chemical process. • Ludwig patented the process and moved to America in 1914, setting up a coffee trading company called Kaffe-HAG, with HAG being an acronym for the German words meaning Coffee Trading Company. When World War I began, his business was seized under the U.S. Alien Property Custodian Act and handed over to Americans. Ludwig lost everything, including the trademarked name of his coffee. • He set up a new business, marketing his coffee in Europe until the war ended. He needed a new name for his coffee so he chose a contraction of the French words ‘sans caffeine’ meaning ‘without caffeine.’ • He returned to America in 1923, and nine years later General Foods bought him out. Meanwhile, the company that he lost during the war went out of business. • The modern decaffeination process is still based on his accidental discovery, and his company was purchased by Kraft foods. What is it called? (Answer at top of next page.)

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COFFEE: QUIZ (continued): Answer: Roselius’ decaffeinated coffee is Sanka. MOBY DICK’S BLEND • In Seattle in 1971, three friends got together and opened a specialty shop selling coffee beans and coffee-making equipment. One of the partners was a writer who loved the book “Moby Dick.” He wanted to name the business after the ship in that book, the “Pequod,” but another partner objected, saying nobody would want to drink a cup of PEE-quod. Instead, they named the company after Captain Ahab’s first mate. • In 1982 they hired Howard Schultz to be their director of marketing. Howard took a trip to Milan, Italy, where he saw Italians sipping espresso. He loved coffee himself, and he immediately understood the attraction of espresso. When he returned home, he suggested to his bosses that instead of selling just coffee beans and equipment to their customers, they should also sell coffee drinks, including espresso. • His bosses dismissed the idea, preferring to keep the focus of the company on the sale of coffee beans. They felt coffee was meant to be prepared in the home and not in a shop. • Howard subsequently left them and started up his own coffee shop, selling coffee drinks. In 1987 his former bosses sold him their coffee bean company. By now Howard had mastered the coffee shop business and he began a period of phenomenally speedy expansion until it became the largest coffeehouse chain in the world, with some 16,000 stores in 49 countries around the world. It’s still named after Captain Ahab’s first mate in the book “Moby Dick.” What’s it called? (Answer below.) FINAL FACT • Black coffee contains no calories.

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Tell them you saw it in Tidbits®! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Sports Quiz Answers The Toronto Blue Jays. Anderson, with 2,194 victories to Alston’s 2,040. Eric Dickerson -- 1983 (1,808 yards) and 1984 (2,105). Houston in 1968 and Southern Cal in 1969. Teemu Selanne, with 43 points (24 goals, 19 assists) in six Olympics. It was 1936. Shigeki Maruyama, Isao Aoki and Ryuji Trivia Test Answers

1. “Moby-Dick” 2. England 3. $7 million 4. Paul McCartney and Stevie Wonder 5. Italy 6. Carolyn Jones 7. Dr. Charles Richard Drew 8. Bette Midler 9. De Beers 10. Martin Luther King, Jr.

3. 4. 5.

Flash Back Trivia Answers “Shortnin’ Bread,” in 1960. The group disbanded in 1962, possibly because they released songs such as “White Buckskin Sneakers & Checkerboard Socks.” Ferrante & Teicher. The instrumental hit the Top 10 on pop charts in 1970. “Lay Lady Lay” by Bob Dylan was to be the theme song, but he didn’t finish writing it in time. Stevie Wonder, in 1977. Alice Cooper, in 1972. “Kodachrome,” by Paul Simon in 1973. Kodachrome was Kodak’s 35mm camera film. Over the years Simon switched back and forth between “looks better in black and white” and “looks worse in black and white.” It’s not known whether his switch was because Kodak used the song in commercials.

Answer: The coffee chain is called Starbucks.

Enterprise Publications, LLC, owned and operated by James and Nikki Wiese of Bismarck, recently acquired the rights to publish Tidbits® in the

Bismarck/Mandan area. Tidbits® is a light and interesting paper dedicated to publishing things you didn’t know. A “tidbit” is defined as “a tasty morsel to be devoured before the meal,” and that’s exactly what Tidbits® is.....a morsel for the mind. Tidbits® is published weekly, so look out! Tidbits® has arrived! Distributed at area restaurants, Tidbits® is meant to be picked up when entering and read while dining. Tidbits® provides food for thought, so Bon Appetit! Tidbits® can also be found wherever people are waiting. Whether you are waiting for your vehicle to have its oil changed or get new tires, or waiting for your doctor, chiropractor, optomistrist, or dentist, rest assured that Tidbits® will be there to keep you entertained! Once you are done waiting, either take it home for further enjoyment or leave it for the next person! Don’t worry about running out, because we will publish more each week. If you actually have a week where you are not waiting for something, rest assured that Tidbits® will still be there. Find and read each week’s edition online at our website, www.bismarcktidbits.com. Tidbits® is here for you.

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