Tidbits of Bismarck, Volume 1, Issue 9

of Bismarck December 3, 2014

Vol. 1 Issue 9

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SKIN AND BONES

Beverly Maitland

by Kathy Wolfe

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“Why, you’re just skin and bones!” you may have heard it said. While the human body is lots more than skin and bones, these two things account for a very large part. Follow along as Tidbits explores what holds us together.

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• One square inch (6.45 sq. cm) contains about 19 million cells, 90 oil glands, 65 hairs, and 625 sweat glands. There are 19 feet (5.8 m) of blood vessels and over 19,000 sensory cells in that square inch. Those sensory cells can detect an object as small as 1/100th of a millimeter.

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• “I’ve got you under my skin,” goes the old song. The skin is the largest of all the organs in the body, and makes up about 15% of the body’s weight. On the average adult body, it weighs about 6 lbs. (2.72 kg), with an area of about 20 square feet (1.86 sq. m). The average individual has about 300 million skin cells. There are about 11 miles (17.7 km) of blood vessels in the body’s skin.

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• The skin is made up of three layers – the epidermis, which is the outer layer, the middle layer called the dermis, and the deepest layer called the subcutis. The epidermis is thickest on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, about 1.5 millimeter thick. The subcutis contains blood vessels, hair follicle roots, and nerves.

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SKIN AND BONES (continued):

• When a person is born, skin is about 1 millimeter thick and will grow to about 3 millimeters by adulthood.

• The body’s three million sweat glands will produce about two quarts (1.9 liters) of fluid on a warm summer day. When sweat evaporates off the skin, body heat is reduced. Sweat glands are the most concentrated on the bottom of the feet, with the least concentration on the body’s back.

The smell of sweat is affected by a person’s mood, diet, hormones, medical condition, or drugs.

• Our skin is thinnest on our eyelids, just 0.02 m thick.

• Why does our skin bruise? It’s caused by blood capillaries that burst near the skin’s surface. The blood cells quickly die and change color, creating the purplish bruise. The bruise fades as those cells are carried off by the body.

• And why does our skin tan when we’re out in the sun? It’s the result of our skin secreting melanin, a brown pigment that helps block out harmful ultraviolet rays. Thousands of years ago, when dark-skinned humans migrated to colder climates, much of their melanin pigment was lost and white skin began to appear.

• There are two types of melanin – pheomelanin, which varies from yellow to red in color, and eumelanin, which is dark brown to black. Pheomelanin is responsible for our pink lips and for red hair color. Eumelanin contributes to brown and black skin and hair. A person with a complete or partial absence of melanin is known as an albino.

• Skin that is glabrous has no hair.

• Acne, caused by an overproduction of oil that plugs the pores, afflicts more than just teenagers.

One in 20 adult women is bothered by acne.

That figure is just one in 100 for adult men.

• The next time you’re doing the dusting, consider that 75% of household dust consists of dead skin cells. Every minute, you are shedding about 30,000 dead skin cells. By the time you’re 70, you will have shed about 40 lbs. (18.1 kg) of dead skin.

• Skin cancer is the most common of all cancers, accounting for almost half of cancer diagnoses in the United States. There will be about 76,000 new cases of melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer, this year. Pale skin that sunburns easily is more susceptible to skin cancer. Severe sunburns in the past along with excessive unprotected exposure to sunlight or tanning booths are also contributing factors. Melanoma is the fastest growing cancer worldwide, and one in 50 Americans will develop it during their lifetime.

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1. MEASUREMENTS: What does a quadricentennial represent?

2. MEDICINE: Which vitamin is essential in blood clotting?

3. U.S. STATES: Which U.S. state has a license plate that proclaims, “Land of Lincoln”?

4. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE: Which one of the seven dwarfs in the 1937 film “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” did not have a beard?

5. HISTORY: What were known as “liberty steaks” during World War II in America?

6. ANIMAL KINGDOM: How many limbs does a squid have?

7. LITERATURE: What is the name of the boy raised by wolves in Rudyard Kipling’s “The Jungle Book”?

8. GAMES: What is known as skeet?

9. MOVIES: How many roles did Peter Sellers play in the movie “Dr. Strangelove”?

10. FOOD AND DRINK: Which young French wine is released annually on the third Thursday in November? (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

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SKIN AND BONES (continued):

• About 45% of bone consists of mineral deposits, including calcium, phosphorus, and sodium, along with the protein collagen. Living tissue, cells, and blood vessels make up another 30%, with the remaining 25% water.

• Bones account for about 14% of the body’s total weight. A baby is born with about 300 bones, but as it grows, many fuse together, so that by adulthood the total is 206. When a baby is born, its kneecaps consist of soft cartilage which will gradually harden into bone, a process known as ossification.

• The longest and strongest bone of the skeleton is the femur, the thighbone, accounting for nearly 25% of a body’s height. The femur can support 30 times its own weight. The largest bone is the pelvis, and the smallest is located in the middle ear. The tiny stapes, commonly called the stirrup is only 0.11 inches (2.8 mm) long, about the size of a grain of rice. It’s the only bone that’s fully grown at birth.

• The parts of the body with most bones are the arms and hands with a total of 60. Legs and feet are next with 58, followed by the 26 vertebrae.

Most people have 24 ribs and our skull contains 22 bones. One out of 20 individuals has an extra rib, usually males. You can expect your ribs to move about 5 million times over the course of the next year. They move every time we breathe!

• Bone tissue is constantly growing slowly.

Over a seven-year period, every bone in the body is completely replaced.

• The only bone in the body that does not touch another bone is the hyoid bone. You can find this V-shaped bone above the larynx where it secures the muscles of the tongue.

• If the amount of calcium in the bloodstream is too low, the body pulls the calcium reserves from the bones, which will eventually cause the bones to thin (the condition known as osteoporosis), or break.

• The most common broken bones among adults are the arm and the ankle. However, in children, it’s the collarbone that’s most frequently broken.

1. Two pitchers hold the Boston Red Sox record for most shutouts (38). One is Roger Clemens. Who is the other?

2. Name the manager who followed Sparky Anderson in Detroit.

3. When was the last time before the 2013 season that the Florida Gators football team did not play in a bowl game?

4. Name the season the Minnesota Timberwolves last made the NBA playoffs?

5. How many times have the New York Rangers reached the Stanley Cup Finals?

6. Name the last year before 2014 in which Ford drivers won four consecutive NASCAR Cup races.

7. When was the last time before 2014 that no U.S. male or female tennis player reached the round of 16 in singles competition at Wimbledon? (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

• “A sound heart is the life of the flesh; but envy the rottenness of the bones” – Proverbs 14:30.

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Tidbits® of Bismarck Famous Canadians:

RAYMOND BURR • We know him best as defense attorney Perry Mason on the long-running television series.

But there’s more to Raymond Burr than just the courtroom, as you’ll see.

• New Westminster, British Columbia, was the birthplace of Raymond Burr, born to a local hardware salesman and his musician wife in 1917. He spent his early childhood in Canada, but at age 12, his pianist/music teacher mother followed her dream to Berkeley, California, taking Burr with her.

• After a year-long stint in the Civilian Conservation Corps, Burr moved on to his true love, the theater. He began serious acting at the Pasadena Playhouse at age 20, and four years later, he had his first Broadway role. His deep and distinctive voice was frequently heard on radio dramas as well.

• Although we think of Raymond Burr mainly as a television actor, he actually had roles in more than 60 movies between 1946 and 1957, long before he appeared on the small screen. In 1956, the highly successful novels by Erle Stanley Gardner were to be turned into a new courtroom drama. Burr auditioned for the role of the District Attorney Hamilton Burger. Gardner attended the auditions, and although Burr was auditioning for the opposing role, Gardner immediately spoke up, “He is Perry Mason.” Another actor, William Talman, who was auditioning for the Mason role, was given the District Attorney part.

Perry Mason aired from 1957 to 1966, during which time Burr won two Emmy Awards for his performance. Re-runs of all episodes have been in syndication ever since.

Continued on the next page!

by Samantha Weaver • It was beloved American poet Ralph Waldo Emerson who made the following sage observation: Sometimes a scream is better than a thesis.

• As the holidays and the inevitable family gatherings approach, you might want to prepare yourself to engage in logomachy -- a battle fought with words.

• In the African nation of Swaziland, it is illegal for a witch to fly a broomstick at an altitude above 150 meters.

• If you’re like 91 percent of Americans, you sometimes eat breakfast for dinner.

• You may have been unaware of it for the past 11 months, but 2014 has been the International Year of Family Farming, so declared by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

• Place-names sometimes enter the English language through roundabout means. Take Arkansas, for instance. That state’s name comes from the word akansa, which is a French pronunciation of an Algonquin name for the Native American Quapaw people. The original word means either “people of the south wind” or “downriver people.”

• You might be surprised to learn that the fax machine was invented in the 19th century. In 1843, a man named Alexander Bain patented Bain’s Telegraph, which was able to transmit an exact copy of lines, letters and shapes to chemically treated paper on the other end of the line.

• In 2013, for the first time, the United States offered a larger market for wine than France. *** Thought for the Day: All one’s life as a young woman one is on show, a focus of attention, people notice you. You set yourself up to be noticed and admired. And then, not expecting it, you become middle-aged and anonymous.

No one notices you. You achieve a wonderful freedom. It’s a positive thing. You can move about unnoticed and invisible. -- Doris Lessing (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

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RAYMOND BURR (continued):

• On Dec. 2, 1804, Napoleon Bonaparte is crowned Napoleon I, the first Frenchman to hold the title of emperor in a thousand years.

After suffering military defeats, Napoleon was exiled to the island of Saint Helena off the coast of Africa.

• On Dec. 4, 1917, psychiatrist W.H. Rivers presents his report, The Repression of War Experience, based on his work at BritainÕs Craiglockhart War Hospital, where soldiers who suffered from psychological traumas were treated. By the end of World War I, the army had dealt with 80,000 cases of “shell shock.”

• On Dec. 6, 1933, a federal judge rules that “Ulysses” by James Joyce is not obscene. The book had been banned in the United States and England when it came out in 1922. While in college, Joyce began a lifetime of literary rebellion when he self-published an essay rejected by the school’s literary magazine adviser.

• On Dec. 5, 1941, the USS Lexington, one of the two largest U.S. aircraft carriers employed during World War II, makes its way across the Pacific to carry a squadron of dive bombers to defend Midway Island from a Japanese attack. The Lexington never made it to Midway Island; it turned back when it learned that the Japanese fleet had attacked Pearl Harbor.

• On Dec. 1, 1959, Antarctica is made a military-free continent.

Twelve nations, including the United States and the Soviet Union, signed the Antarctica Treaty, which bans military activity and weapons testing on that continent.

• On Dec. 3, 1967, 53-year-old Lewis Washkansky receives the first human heart transplant in South Africa. After surgery, he was given drugs to keep his body from rejecting the heart. The drugs left him susceptible to sickness, however, and 18 days later he died from double pneumonia.

• On Dec. 7, 1987, despite protests in Washington concerning Soviet humanrights abuses, most Americans get swept up in “Gorbymania” as Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev arrives for his summit with President Ronald Reagan. Gorbachev and his wife, Raisa, charmed the American public and media. (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

• There was no rest for Burr following the termination of Perry Mason. Television’s 1967 season brought a new drama to NBC, that of Ironside. Burr played San Francisco Chief of Detectives Robert Ironside, an officer critically wounded in the pilot episode and left confined to a wheelchair. Ironside was the first crime drama to feature a disabled police officer. This series was another big hit, and ran from 1967 to 1975, earning Burr six Emmy nominations and two Golden Globe nominations.

• Burr’s next series, Kingston Confidential, in 1977, in which he played a publishing magnate/ amateur detective, was not successful, perhaps due to its time slot opposite the highly-popular Charlie’s Angels. It was cancelled after just 13 weeks.

• One of Burr’s many hobbies was collecting seashells, and in 1965, he purchased a 4,000-acre island in Fiji called Naitauba, one extremely rich in shells. He also enjoyed cultivating orchids, something that he could pursue on his island.

Burr was also an avid fisherman and loved sailing.

• In 1985, television producers figured it was time to bring back Perry Mason, and 26 madefor-TV movies were produced before Burr’s death.

• Burr’s philanthropic efforts included the donation of his salaries from the Mason movies to charity. He donated large sums of money to medical and education institutions in Denver, where the movies were primarily filmed. He was the sponsor of 26 foster children through Save The Children. His donations helped establish the Bailey-Matthews National Shell Museum in Sanibel, Florida. For many years, New Westminster, B.C. was home to the Raymond Burr Performing Arts Centre.

• TV Guide has ranked Raymond Burr as #44 on their list of the 50 Greatest TV Stars of all Time.

1. Who had a hit with “Be Young, Be Foolish, Be Happy” in 1968? Hint: The group got their name from a hat.

2. In “Running Scared,” what is the singer afraid of?

3. Who released “Gypsys, Tramps & Thieves”?

4. Which artist released the 1978 hit “Shame”?

5. Name the song that contains this lyric: “Tell me does she kiss like I used to kiss you?

Does it feel the same when she calls your name? Somewhere deep inside you must know I miss you, but what can I say, rules must be obeyed.” (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

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Tidbits® of Bismarck Serkis (who gave awesome performances for King Kong and Gollum) reprises his role as Caesar, the conflicted leader of the apes. The action sequences are big and exhilarating, and the film’s more personal moments also come through.

EDITOR’S NOTE: DVDs reviewed in this column will be available in stores the week of Dec. 1, 2014.

The Hundred Foot Journey (PG-13) -Madame Mallory (Helen Mirren) has dedicated herself to the painstaking perfection of the finest restaurants in France. Much to her chagrin, Papa Kadam (Om Puri) and his family, fresh from India, decide to start a new restaurant and a new life in the rundown building just across the street from Mallory’s hallowed establishment.

Hassan is heir to his father’s Indian cooking legacy, but he’s drawn by the allure of fine French cuisine, and Madame Mallory’s sous chef (Charlotte Le Bon).

This uplifting Disney treat could have been too sweet, but comedic and dramatic talents of Mirren and Puri keep things interesting. Foodies will appreciate how much the camera and audio embrace the food at the heart of the story.

Dawn of the Planet of the Apes (PG-13) -- Mankind has hit hard times, what with the virus that wiped out half of the population and the uprising of enraged extra-intelligent apes. Surviving humans in the remains of San Francisco must figure out what to do about the nearby Ape Army that’s settled in the woods. Is there room for both of us? Even if the leaders try to keep things cool, how long can peace last?

Just like in the prequel, you’ll find yourself sympathizing with the apes more than the people. Master motion-capture actor Andy

As Above/So Below (R) -- Beneath Paris lies the catacombs -- a miles-long twisted labyrinth walled with human remains. To one young researcher (Perdita Weeks) and her crew of tag-alongs, this sounds like a great place to go crawling around with cameras on their heads.

They don’t find the mythical stone they were looking for, but they do find a tunnel into their own personal nightmares. The setting is grim and dark enough, but this found-footage flick will leave you more nauseous than spooked.

Kids for Cash (PG-13) -- In Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, more than 3,000 children were incarcerated for minor misconduct, all while one judge raked in nearly $3 million in kickbacks from the companies running the detention centers. One girl was even sentenced to juvenile detention for making a fake MySpace account as a joke on her school’s assistant principal. Each kid who entered Mark Ciavarella’s courtroom was railroaded to the maximum possible sentence, because every kid he locked up put money in his account.

This documentary examines the scandal, the impact it’s had, and what it says about our justice system.

TV RELEASES “Justified: Season 5” “Broad City: Season 1” “The Simpsons: Season 17” “Happy Days: Season 6” “Gunsmoke: Season 11 -- Volume One” “The Strain: Season 1” (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

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ROCKEFELLER CENTER TREE Every year on the Wednesday after Thanksgiving, the Rockefeller Center Christmas tree is lit between West 48th and West 51st Streets in midtown Manhattan in New York City. Here’s a glimpse into the history of this tradition.

• Construction began on Rockefeller Center in May of 1930, a cluster of 14 buildings in an Art Deco style. Its centerpiece is the 70-floor, 872-foot (266 m) GE Building located at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, formerly known as the RCA Building, and nicknamed 30 Rock. Today the complex consists of 19 commercial buildings covering 22 acres.

• On Christmas Eve, 1931, in the midst of the Great Depression, a group of 30 construction workers dragged a 20-ft. (6.1-m) balsam fir tree through the muddy construction site and decorated it with strings of cranberries, paper garlands, and tin cans. In 1933, the year that 30 Rock opened, the tree became an official holiday tradition with the first lighting ceremony.

• An eight-ton bronze sculpture of the Greek Titan Prometheus bringing fire to mankind was installed in early 1934 and is a prominent feature in the plaza. On Christmas Day, 1936, the Center’s ice skating rink was opened. Its popularity has grown to the point that today over a quarter million people skate there every year.

• Usually a Norway spruce, the tree must have a minimum height of 65 feet (20 m). The height is limited to 110 feet (34 m) due to the width of Manhattan’s streets. The tallest Christmas tree at the Center was in 1999, a Norway spruce from Connecticut, 100 feet (30 m) tall. Since 1999, the tree has come from one of four states – New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, or Pennsylvania.

• A crane supports the chosen tree while it is cut, after which it is moved to a custom-made telescoping trailer for transport to the Center.

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ROCKEFELLER CENTER TREE (continued):

• During the 1950s and 1960s, the tree was topped with a 4-ft. (1.2 m) plastic star, which was later changed to a fiberglass and gold-leaf star. Since 2004, the tree has been topped by a Swarovski crystal star weighing 550 lbs. (250 kg). The star stands 10 feet (3 m) tall and is made up of 25,000 crystals with a total of one million facets.

• Televised broadcasts of the lighting began in 1946, and in 1951, NBC began its televised ritual of the tree lighting, going live on The Kate Smith Show, hosted by the “first lady of radio.”

• In 1971, Rockefeller Center went green when it recycled the tree for the first time, grinding it into 30 three-bushel bags of mulch to cover the nature trails of upper Manhattan. Further environmental efforts were begun in 2007, when the tree was lit with 30,000 LED lights for the first time. This resulted in a savings of 1,200 kilowatt hours less electricity per day over the tree’s old incandescent bulbs. That’s enough to power a 2,000-sq-ft house for a month! That year, the tree was used to donate lumber for a Habitat for Humanity house construction.

• This year the Rockefeller Center tree will remain lit until January 7, 2015, the day of the feast of Epiphany.

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Sports Quiz Answers

1. Cy Young.

2. Buddy Bell, who managed the Tigers for nearly three seasons (1996-98).

3. It was the 1990 season.

4. It was the 2003-04 season.

5. The Rangers have reached it 11 times, winning four.

6. It was 2001, when Dale Jarrett (three times) and Elliott Sadler won.

7. It was 1911.

Trivia Test Answers 1. A celebration marking 400 years 2. Vitamin K 3. Illinois 4. Dopey 5. Hamburgers 6. 10 7. Mowgli 8. Trapshooting 9. Three 10. Beaujolais nouveau

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Flash Back Trivia Answers The Tams. They got their name from the hats they wore onstage, tam o’shanters.

He’s afraid of his girlfriend’s choice, should her old boyfriend come back.

Cher, in 1971. The original title was “Gypsys, Tramps and White Trash” until cooler heads prevailed.

Evelyn “Champagne” King. The song is on the “Grand Theft Auto: Vice City” video game.

“The Winner Takes It All,” by ABBA in 1980. The song, originally titled “The Story of My Life,” is thought to be about the divorce between two members of ABBA, Agnetha Faltskog and Bjorn Ulvaeus.

However, Ulvaeus claims the song is fiction. It was a Top 10 song all over the world.

Enterprise Publications, LLC, owned and operated by James and Nikki Wiese of Bismarck, recently acquired the rights to publish Tidbits® in the

Bismarck/Mandan area. Tidbits® is a light and interesting paper dedicated to publishing things you didn’t know. A “tidbit” is defined as “a tasty morsel to be devoured before the meal,” and that’s exactly what Tidbits® is.....a morsel for the mind. Tidbits® is published weekly, so look out! Tidbits® has arrived! Distributed at area restaurants, Tidbits® is meant to be picked up when entering and read while dining. Tidbits® provides food for thought, so Bon Appetit! Tidbits® can also be found wherever people are waiting. Whether you are waiting for your vehicle to have its oil changed or get new tires, or waiting for your doctor, chiropractor, optomistrist, or dentist, rest assured that Tidbits® will be there to keep you entertained! Once you are done waiting, either take it home for further enjoyment or leave it for the next person! Don’t worry about running out, because we will publish more each week. If you actually have a week where you are not waiting for something, rest assured that Tidbits® will still be there. Find and read each week’s edition online at our website, www.bismarcktidbits.com. Tidbits® is here for you.

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