of Bismarck December 31, 2014
Volume 2, Issue 1
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TIDBITS® DOESN’T LIKE
SPIDERS AND SNAKES by Kathy Wolfe Back in 1974, singer Jim Stafford told us in his Billboard hit that he didn’t like spiders and snakes, a record that sold over two million copies. Tidbits is sure that this sentiment is shared by thousands of others, so we’re bringing some creepy facts about these creatures. 1929 N Washington St. • Suite X • Bismarck, ND
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• Spiders are arthropods, meaning they are invertebrates (they have no backbone), have an external skeleton, a segmented body, and jointed appendages. Their bodies have two parts, the cephalothorax, which contains the eyes, fangs, and legs, and the abdomen, where the spider’s silk-spinning organs, the spinnerets, are located.
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• Spiders are the largest order of arachnids and are found on every continent except Antarctica. The arachnid family also includes scorpions, mites, ticks, and harvestmen. There are believed to be close to 44,000 species of spiders. Some geographic locations have an estimated spider count of as many as 265,000 per acre.
• Every spider produces silk, but not all spiders spin webs. There are many other purposes of silk – capturing prey, protecting offspring, for shelter, and in reproduction. Wolf spiders, which do not spin webs, seize their prey without a web as do jumping spiders, who just spring on their prey. www.kaitykakes.com
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SPIDERS AND SNAKES (continued):
• The jumping spider can jump up to 50 times its own length, due to the high blood pressure in its back legs. • Certain spiders’ silk is so strong that fishermen in the South Pacific make their nets from it. Silk from the orb weaver spider is nearly the tensile strength of steel.
• The venom of the funnel web spider has caused at least 13 human deaths. Found in Australia, they are near the top of the heap for the most deadly spider in the world. Guinness has named the Brazilian wandering spider as the most venomous sider. Although native mostly to South America, they have branched out internationally by hiding in shipments of bananas, earning the nickname “banana spider.” • During the 20th century there were about 100 reported deaths from a spider bite. Compare this to death by the sting of a jellyfish at about 1,500. • There is one spider family, the Uloboridae, or hackled orb weaver, that does not have venom glands. These arachnids kill their prey by crushing it with over 450 feet (140 m) of thread. • The smallest species of spiders is Colombia’s Patu digna, with a body length of less than 0.015 inch (0.37 mm). The largest spiders are varieties of tarantulas, with a body length of about 3.5 in. (90 mm) and leg span up to 9.8 inches (250 mm). • There are about 700 species of tarantulas, who hunt at night and pounce on their prey of insects and grasshoppers. The largest, the Goliath Bird-Eating tarantula goes after lizards, snakes, frogs, bats, and small birds. • Each of a spider’s eight legs has seven distinct parts. When it’s moving along the ground, four legs are always on the surface and four are above. • There are more than 3,000 species of snakes worldwide, but the good news is that only about 375 are venomous. Of those, about 250 can kill their prey with one bite. When they strike, they have nearly a 100% success rate. However, most species of snakes are actually helpful since they keep the rodent population under control. See the next page for more!
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• Spiders have the reputation of being deadly, but in actuality, only about 25 species are dangerous to humans. Most spiders, even the dreaded brown recluse and black widow, bite humans only in self-defense or when they feel threatened. The purpose of a spider’s venom is to kill or subdue its prey. As it bites, muscles around the venom glands contract and push venom through the spider’s fangs and into its prey.
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1. ANIMAL KINGDOM: What would a group of emus be called? 2. SCIENCE: What is the only known metal that turns to liquid at room temperature? 3. MYTHOLOGY: In Greek mythology, what was the name of the ship that Jason used in pursuit in the Golden Fleece? 4. AD SLOGANS: Which company’s ads claim its services are “So easy a caveman can do it”? 5. FAMOUS QUOTATIONS: Which ancient philosopher once said, “If you do not change direction, you may end up where you are heading”? 6. MEDICAL: What is the condition called cyesis? 7. TELEVISION: Who used to sign off his program with the words, “Good night and good luck”? 8. LANGUAGE: What is the American equivalent of the British term “braces”? 9. MOVIES: In which film is “The Children’s Marching Song” performed? 10. LITERATURE: What is the subject matter of the book “Ten Days That Shook the World”? (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.
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• It’s a popular misconception that snakes kill their prey by biting it and injecting venom. Cobras and vipers are the only ones who use their poisonous venom to hunt. The remainder swallow their dinner whole, and are capable of ingesting animals up to 100% their own size by unhinging their jaws. After the prey is inside, the snake releases enzymes that break the food down into energy. Because of their very slow rate of metabolism, snakes don’t need to eat as frequently as other animals, with some species able to survive for months without food. • The rarest snake is the St. Lucia Racer, an endangered snake that lives only on the tiny uninhabited Caribbean island of Maria Major. Once declared extinct, 11 of the small nonvenomous reptiles were discovered in 2012. Anywhere from 18 to 100 are believed to be in existence today. • In a process known as molting, snakes shed their entire skin three times a year. • The most common snake bites in North America are from rattlesnakes, with every one of their 30 species venomous. Rattlers have heatsensing pits on the sides of their head between the nostril and eye. These enable them to detect warm-blooded prey (their favorites are rodents and lizards), and they can detect differences in temperature to a fraction of a degree. When the rattlesnake shakes its rattles, it’s trying to warn or scare away predators. Every time the snake sheds its skin, another ring is added to its rattles. Beware, because even though young rattlesnakes don’t yet have rattles, they are just as dangerous as the adults. • Adult rattlers only eat about once every two weeks. It’s not unusual for a rattlesnake to live 30 years. • The Eastern Diamondback is the largest rattlesnake, growing to a length of 8 feet (2.4 m). Found in the southeast United States from North Carolina to Louisiana, they can be recognized by their prominent yellow-bordered black diamond pattern.
1. Six players have hit 200 or more home runs for the St. Louis Cardinals. Name four of them. 2. Entering 2015, who had the better record of franchises that started play in 1993: the Colorado Rockies or the Miami Marlins? 3. In 2013, Nick O’Leary set a Florida State record for career TD receptions by a tight end. Who had shared the mark? 4. Four Portland Trail Blazers have grabbed 300-plus offensive rebounds in a season. Name two of them. 5. Only three players have tallied 50 or more goals in a season for the New York Rangers. Name two of them. 6. Which men’s soccer player holds the record for most World Cup matches won? 7. Name four of the six heavyweight boxing champions between Jack Dempsey (191926) and Joe Louis (1937-49). (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.
• The highly aggressive Black Mamba snake is native to southern and eastern Africa. One of the world’s deadliest snakes, it takes only two drops of its venom to kill a human, who can die in just 20 minutes. Nearly 20,000 Africans die each year from the bite of the Black Mamba. The venom shuts down the nervous system and paralyzes its victims. This 14-ft-long (4.25 m) snake is also the fastest snake in the world, able to slither along at speeds up to 12 mph (19 km/hr), all the while with one-third of its body 4 feet (1.2 m) off the ground. Although called the Black Mamba, the snake is actually a brown color. It takes its name from the color inside its mouth, which it displays when threatened.
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Tidbits® of Bismarck NOTEWORTHY INVENTORS:
LOUIS BRAILLE
Since January is Braille Literacy Month, it seems like a good time for Tidbits to focus on Louis Braille, the inventor of the system of reading and writing for the blind. • Growing up in France in the early 1800s, Louis Braille was the son of a leather tanner and maker of horse tack. The young Louis loved playing in his father’s workshop and watching his father work. When he was three, Louis was playing with some of the tools, imitating his father making holes in a piece of leather with an awl. As the boy pressed down to drive the point in, the sharp awl bounced back and struck his eye. Louis’ parents rushed him to a local doctor, who bathed the inflamed eye in lily water and patched it. The next day he was taken to a renowned surgeon in Paris, who was unable to save the damaged eye. Severe infection spread into the wound, which then spread into Louis’ good eye, and the child became completely blind. • Due to the undying devotion of his parents, Louis was raised in a normal fashion, learning to read and write by feeling nails hammered into boards in the shapes of letters. He found his way around his French community without assistance aided by a wooden cane carved by his father. • In 1819, at age 10, Louis was enrolled in one of the world’s first schools for blind children, Paris’ Institute for Blind Youth. At the Institute, children were taught a method of reading developed by the school’s founder, Valentin Hauy, which used a technique of embossing heavy paper with raised imprints of Latin letters. Continued on the next page!
by Samantha Weaver • It was novelist Mary Ann Evans -- better known by her pen name, George Eliot -who made the following sage observation: “Blessed is the man who, having nothing to say, abstains from giving wordy evidence of the fact.” • In the five-year span between 1946 and 1951, television ownership in the United States jumped from 10,000 to 12 million. • You probably don’t know the name Clara Peller, but if you were watching TV in the 1980s, you would almost certainly recognize her as the “Where’s the beef?” lady from fastfood chain Wendy’s incredibly successful ad campaign. You might be surprised to learn that Peller wasn’t an actress; she was a manicurist. A commercial producer named Joe Sedelmaier was shooting a different ad when he realized they needed a manicurist on site, so an assistant ran to a local beauty shop and returned with Peller. As soon as she greeted Sedelmaier with a gruff “How ya doin’?”, the producer realized that she had potential. He convinced Wendy’s to create an entire campaign around the octogenarian. The gamble paid off; the restaurant’s sales jumped by 15 percent almost as soon as the ads began to run. • TV’s Gilligan’s island was created in the middle of an artificial lake at CBS Studios in Hollywood. The cost of construction was $75,000. • The next time you’re at a hockey game, be sure to watch out for stray pucks; they travel through the air at speeds of up to 100 mph. • There is a species of ant found in Australia and Tasmania that, in some cases, can kill a human with a single sting. *** Thought for the Day: “I shall not waste my days in trying to prolong them.” -- Ian L. Fleming (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.
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LOUIS BRAILLE (continued):
• On Dec. 29, 1170, Archbishop Thomas Becket is murdered in Canterbury Cathedral by four knights on orders of King Henry II of England. The Christian world was shocked by Becket’s death, and in 1173 he was canonized a Catholic saint. In 1174, Henry was forced to do penance at his tomb. • On Dec. 31, 1879, in the first public demonstration of his incandescent light bulb, inventor Thomas Alva Edison lights up a street in Menlo Park, New Jersey. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company ran special trains to Menlo Park in response to public enthusiasm over the event. • On Dec. 30, 1936, in one of the first sitdown strikes in the United States, autoworkers occupy the General Motors Fisher Body Plant in Flint, Michigan. In all, the strike lasted 44 days. Among other things, the workers were given a 5 percent raise. • On Jan. 1, 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill issue a declaration, signed by representatives of 26 countries, called the “United Nations.” The signatories vowed to create an international postwar peacekeeping organization. • On Jan. 3, 1952, Sergeant Joe Friday’s police drama “Dragnet” comes to television. A popular radio series since 1949, it became one of the first TV series filmed in California, instead of New York. It began a long line of crime and police dramas, continuing into the present with “Law & Order” and “CSI.” • On Jan. 2, 1981, Peter Sutcliffe, the Yorkshire Ripper, is captured by British police, ending one of the largest manhunts in history. For five years, investigators had pursued every lead in an effort to stop the serial killer. Sutcliffe himself was interviewed nine times. When Sutcliffe was finally convicted, he had killed 13 women. • On Jan. 4, 1999, for the first time since Charlemagne’s reign in the ninth century, Europe is united with a common currency when the “euro” debuts. Eleven European Union nations launched the currency in the hopes of increasing European economic growth. (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.
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• When Braille was 12 years old, a French Army captain, Charles Barbier, visited the Institute. Barbier had devised a writing system of dots and dashes impressed into thick paper for use by soldiers on the battlefield for a code they could read without needing light and without speaking. Braille was inspired by the cryptography and began working on his own technique, a simpler version of the military’s complex system. Braille used a six-dot cell rather than the 12 dots and series of dashes used by Barbier. Braille had perfected his embossed dot system by the time he was just 15 years old. He published it five years later. • Braille had an ear for music as well and created a system of musical notations entitled Method of Writing Words, Music, and Plain Songs by Means of Dots, for Use by the Blind and Arranged for Them. Braille himself was an accomplished cellist and organist, and throughout his later years, he played the organ in churches across France, as well as holding the position of organist at a Paris cathedral. • At age 24, Braille was hired by the Paris Institute for Blind Youth as a full-time professor. Here he spent most of the remainder of his life teaching history, geometry, and algebra. He was determined to improve communication between the blind and the sighted, and devised a system called Decapoint which used a set of 100 dots with a grid on a board with heavy paper and a stylus. He then progressed to the invention of a machine that could type out the dot formations, called a raphigraphe, which translates “needlewriter.” • Braille had been a sickly child and his weaknesses followed him into adulthood. At age 40, he was so ill with tuberculosis, he was forced to resign his professorship, and at age 43, he passed away from the illness.
1. Where is the real Wolverton Mountain as immortalized in the 1962 song? 2. Name the group that released “You’ve Got Your Troubles.” 3. The soft-rock trio Hamilton, Joe Frank and Reynolds eventually changed their name to Hamilton, Joe Frank and whom? 4. Who released “Dreadlock Holiday”? 5. Name the song that contains this lyric: “Do you remember when we met, That’s the day I knew you were my pet, I want to tell you how much I love you.” (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.
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Tidbits® of Bismarck than him, but she has dreams in her heart and a relentlessly positive -- if somewhat bubbleheaded -- demeanor. They both have a lot left ahead of them. While it treads a well-worn path, the leads bring a considerable amount of charm to the proceedings. MacLaine’s frenetic enthusiasm for life and lying could be a little grating without Plummer’s precisely calibrated curmudgeon.
EDITOR’S NOTE: DVDs reviewed in this column will be available in stores the week of December 29, 2014. PICKS OF THE WEEK The Equalizer (R) -- A quiet, peaceful man in his over-the-hill years harbors a dark past that will come out when he goes on a killing spree to save a young woman. It’s a plot you’ve heard a billion times, but now it’s Denzel Washington’s turn. Robert McCall (Washington) works at the hardware store, dines alone and reads classic novels that your high-school English teacher would approve of. McCall notices that a regular, Teri (Chloe Grace-Moretz), is being abused by the Russian mobsters who have her. McCall goes on a super-violent Righteous Revenge Rampage using skills he learned when he was a special-forces guy (of course). Director Antoine Fuqua (“Training Day” and “Shooter”) takes his time, but really dials up the smash-and-shoot once things get going. McCall mostly works with guns and fists, but barbed wire and broken glass also get involved. However you feel about the red stuff, the movie has more thrills than other recent movies with this exact plot. Elsa & Fred (PG-13) -- Christopher Plummer plays Fred, a widower just going through the motions until the clock runs out. His morose attitude is understandable, as he’s been deposited in a small apartment by his daughter and her husband, both seeking a favor. Fred’s hopeless grouchiness begins to melt in the presence of Elsa (Shirley MacLaine). She’s a little older
DOGS OF THE WEEK Last Weekend (NR) -- This melodrama -- I think parts are supposed to be funny -- centers on a upper-class California family as they bicker in their Lake Tahoe vacation home for the last time. Celia (Patricia Clarkson) is the mother of a handful of adult sons who arrive at the lake house with their significant others. Hopefully, the poor product of this film will end the trend of dramedies where adult families are put into the emotional pressure-cooker of a nostalgic setting. Reach Me (PG-13) -- This time of year is fantastic for delivering these bafflingly bad films as studios try to sweep them under the rug between holiday and award seasons. This one has a big cast with big names all turning in overwrought or confusing performances. There’s a script that seemingly dares you to care about it or keep track of it. Teddy (Tom Berenger) wrote a self-help book that touches the lives of various misfits, creeps and directionless loners. Sylvester Stallone, Nelly, Kyra Sedgwick, Danny Aiello, Kevin Connolly, Kelsey Grammer, Terry Crews (and many more!) all got a paycheck for this clustermess. TV RELEASES “Shameless: Season 4” “Banshee: Season 2” “Sabrina: Secrets of a Teenage Witch - Magic of the Red Rose” “Laurel and Hardy 12-Movie Collection” (c) 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.
SNOWBOARDS Did you know that January is National Snowboarding Month? Let’s look into the history of this rapidly-growing sport! • Muskegon, Michigan’s Sherman Poppen is credited with the invention of the snowboard in 1965 and is hailed as the “Father of Snowboarding.” On Christmas Day of that year, after watching his daughters standing on their sled going down a hill, he raced to his garage and tied two skis together, then tied a rope to the front of the board for steering. Poppen called it the Snurfer, combining the word “snow” with “surf.” When his daughters’ friends saw the contraption, they all wanted one, and Poppen seized the idea of patenting and marketing his invention. He licensed his product to Brunswick who began manufacturing the Snurfer. • For a few years, the Snurfer was considered a kid’s toy, but in the 1970s, Poppen started scheduling snurfing competitions across the nation. It was at one of these contests that a young Jake Burton Carpenter became interested in the sport. In 1977, Jake moved to Vermont where he experimented with laminated, hardwood boards, adding bindings that the original Snurfer did not have. Avid snowboarders will easily recognize the name Burton as the leading snowboard equipment company in the industry today. • As popularity continued to grow, the first national snowboard race was held in 1982, followed by the first World Championship half pipe competition the following year. In 1983, Vermont’s Stratton Mountain Resort became the first major ski resort to open its slopes to snowboarders, and in 1991, Vail, Colorado, became the first to establish a snowboard park. Many other major resorts refused to allow snowboarders because of the “bad boy” image many snowboarders had received. • In 1985, the first magazine devoted entirely to snowboarding hit the newsstands with resounding success. Continued on the next page!
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SNOWBOARDS (continued):
• Snowboarding was added to the Winter Olympics at Nagano, Japan, in 1998. Canadian Ross Regaliati nabbed the gold medal, but was later stripped of the medal when accusations of drug use emerged. He was cleared of any charges and his medal was restored, giving him the honor of the first gold medalist in snowboarding. • By the year 2000, snowboarding was the fastest-growing sport in America, with about 7.2 million participants. At the 2006 Winter Olympics in Torino, Italy, a 20-year-old, wildhaired Shaun White captured the attention of the world as he triumphed in the half pipe event. Nicknamed “The Flying Tomato” because of his flaming red hair, White went on to win gold in 2010 in Vancouver. White also holds the record for the most gold medals and overall medal count at the X-Games. • Who snowboards? About 17% of the enthusiasts are aged 7 to 11. One out of four is aged 25 to 44. Twenty-three percent of snowboarders are women. • Today there are a total of 10 Olympic events in snowboarding, five for men and five for women, including giant slalom, half pipe, cross, slopestyle, and parallel slalom. Snowboarders account for about 30% of all business at major ski resorts. Yet there are still some resorts that are skiers-only, prohibiting snowboarding, including Vermont’s Mad River Glen and Utah’s Glen Valley and Alta.
Sports Quiz Answers 1. Stan Musial (475 home runs), Albert Pujols (445), Ken Boyer (255), Jim Edmonds (241), Ray Lankford (228) and Mark McGwire (220). 2. The Marlins are 1,643-1,853 (.470 winning percentage), while the Rockies are 1,641-1,861 (.469). 3. Melvin Pearsall (1994-97) and Lonnie Johnson (1990-93), with 10 each. 4. Kermit Washington, Buck Williams, Chris Dudley and Robin Lopez. 5. Adam Graves, Jaromir Jagr and Vic Hadfield. 6. Germany’s Miroslav Klose, with 17 (200214). 7. Gene Tunney, Max Schmeling, Jack Sharkey, Primo Carnera, Max Baer and James J. Braddock.
Trivia Test Answers
1. A mob 2. Mercury 3. The Argo 4. GEICO 5. Lao Tzu 6. Pregnancy 7. Edward R. Murrow 8. Suspenders 9. “The Inn of the Sixth Happiness” 10. The Russian Revolution Flash Back Trivia Answers 1. Andy Gibb, in 1978. He co-wrote it with his brother Barry. 2. Bloodstone. They had an R&B hit with “Natural High” in 1974. 3. “Over and Over,” in 1965. It only reached No. 45 in the U.K. 4. Lonnie Mack. He was one of the first to give electric guitars the lead solo “voice” in rock music, paving the way for others like Jimi Hendrix and Eric Clapton. 5. “Walk a Mile in My Shoes,” by Joe South in 1970. The song was about racial tolerance and compassion. Although written by South, the single credits “Joe South and the Believers.” The group included his brother Tommy and sister-in-law Barbara.
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Enterprise Publications, LLC, owned and operated by James and Nikki Wiese of Bismarck, recently acquired the rights to publish Tidbits® in the
Bismarck/Mandan area. Tidbits® is a light and interesting paper dedicated to publishing things you didn’t know. A “tidbit” is defined as “a tasty morsel to be devoured before the meal,” and that’s exactly what Tidbits® is.....a morsel for the mind. Tidbits® is published weekly, so look out! Tidbits® has arrived! Distributed at area restaurants, Tidbits® is meant to be picked up when entering and read while dining. Tidbits® provides food for thought, so Bon Appetit! Tidbits® can also be found wherever people are waiting. Whether you are waiting for your vehicle to have its oil changed or get new tires, or waiting for your doctor, chiropractor, optomistrist, or dentist, rest assured that Tidbits® will be there to keep you entertained! Once you are done waiting, either take it home for further enjoyment or leave it for the next person! Don’t worry about running out, because we will publish more each week. If you actually have a week where you are not waiting for something, rest assured that Tidbits® will still be there. Find and read each week’s edition online at our website, www.bismarcktidbits.com. Tidbits® is here for you.
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Tidbits速 of Bismarck