MOTIVATION
What is motivation? Motivation is to give people what they really want
MOTIVATION
What is motivation? Twyla Dell writes of motivating employees, "The heart of motivation is to give people what they really want most from work. The more you are able to provide what they want, the more you should expect what you really want, namely: productivity, quality, and service." (An Honest Day's Work (1988)
MOTIVATION
Why to motivate staff ? 1. Work more efficiently 2. Produce better results 3. Achieve full potential 4. Create the power to change 5. Build self-esteem and capability 6. Achieve goals 7. Gain a positive perspective
MOTIVATION
What motivate staff ? Monetary and other rewards.
Factors influence a worker’s motivation: • • • • •
Pay: Wage level, salaries … Attractive working environment Fringe benefits Effective management team Satisfaction in the work
A. Pay 1. Wages • This is money which is paid weekly, often in the form of a pay packet including notes and coin. • Waged employees are usually manual workers. • The wage is expressed as a rate per hour and the employee is paid extra for any overtime worked, beyond their basic working week.
2. Salaries • These are paid monthly, normally directly into a bank account. • Salaried staff are usually ‘white collar’ workers and are given greater notice of dismissal than waged employees • The salary will in most cases be expressed as an annual amount which will not normally be based on hours worked. Salaried staff are not usually paid overtime.
3. Earnings • The wage rate can be seen as the ‘basic rate’, which is the wage an individual would receive for working a normal working week. Earnings include the wage rate and payments for such things as overtime and bonuses (which may be for increased productivity). Earnings will therefore tend to e much greater than the wage rate.
4. Wage differentials • Wage differentials are the differences in wages earned by employees in different jobs. Workers will view their level of pay as being very important since it determines their standard of living and may also determine their status within the firm and, perhaps, also within society at large. • Wage differentials affect individual or group motivation at work and can lead to industrial disputes, as one group of workers may feel their differentials are inadequate compared to another group.
5. Types of payment • Time rate: With a time rate of payment all employees doing a similar job are paid a certain amount per hour. • Piece rate: With a piece rate system, employees are paid on the basis of the quantity of work produced. • Standard rate: This can be called a ‘flat rate’ and is the same payment to all workers engaged in similar work. • Profit sharing: The company may distribute a part of the profit in the form of cash, or shares in the company, on a yearly basis to the employees • Bonus system: The company may make cash payments to their employees at particular times of the year.
B. Promotion prospects • Good promotion prospects are likely to increase job satisfaction
C. Enviroment • The levels of noise, heating, ventilation, and dirt and the presence or absence of facilities such as changing rooms and canteens, are all seen as important
D. Colleagues • If you find it difficult to get on with your colleagues at work then it will obviously affect your job satisfaction
E. Fringe benefits • • • • • • •
Subsidized canteen Company cars Lower prices paid for company goods Reduced interest on loans Children’s education Removal expenses and legal fees Health benefits
F. Management style • G. Job content • H. Recognition • J. Level of responsibility
K. Working hours • Shift work • flexitime
MOTIVATION
Understand staff to motivate them Staff qualities: Quality 1: Honesty Quality 2: Act with integrity Quality 3: Reliability Quality 4: Being accountable
MOTIVATION
Understand staff to motivate them Staff qualities: Quality 5: Resilience Quality 6: Determination Quality 7: Common sense
MOTIVATION
What to do to motivate employees? 1.provide praise and recognition 2.provide proper progressive discipline 3.delegate tasks and projects
MOTIVATION
What to do to motivate employees? 4. listen actively and deeply 5. build empowered teams and individuals in a teamwork environment
MOTIVATION
What to do to motivate employees? 6. Provide frequent feedback that reinforces what people do well 7. corrects the approaches that need improvement
MOTIVATION
What to do to motivate employees? 8. Learn what staff members feel good and positive about doing 9. Provide assignments that stimulate growth
MOTIVATION
What to do to motivate employees? 10. Provide positive reinforcement, rewards, and recognition 11. Create an environment in which people practice self-responsibility
MOTIVATION
What to do to motivate employees? 12. Show trust to staff 13. Allow the implementation of new ideas 14. Provide clear expectations
MOTIVATION
What to do to motivate employees? 15. Express your sincere belief
MOTIVATION
Basic Principles of motivating 5. Support employee motivation by using organizational systems
MOTIVATION
What is a motivating work environment? 1.A work place in which the high selfesteem of each employee is fostered 2.The opportunity for people to fully develop their abilities and knowledge
MOTIVATION
Basic Principles of motivating 1.Motivating employees starts with motivating yourself 2.Always work to align goals of the organization with goals of employees
MOTIVATION
Basic Principles of motivating 3. Key to supporting the motivation of your employees is understanding what motivates each of them 4. Recognize that supporting employee motivation is a process, not a task
MOTIVATION
What to prepare to motivate 1. A motivation plan 2. A list of motivators 3. Understand staff motivational factors
How to deal with problems of a lack of job satisfaction and motivation: 1.
2.
3.
Job enlargement: A job may be enlarged to allow the employee to undertake a wider range of different tasks but all with the same level of difficulty and responsibility. This may reduce the level of boredom and frustration. Job enrichment: A job may be enriched by giving the employee a greater range of tasks to do, with variations in the level of difficulty and responsibility. This will obviously demand more of the employee and, hopefully, increase job satisfaction. Job rotation: With job rotation the employees all learn a number of basic skills and exchange jobs at regular intervals, perhaps working as a team. Job rotation reduces boredom and can help increase job satisfaction.
MOTIVATION
THANK YOU !
Questions to answer 1.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a time rate system of payment? -Advantages: +It is easy for the firm to calculate wages. +The worker knows exactly what he is to receive for spending a certain period of time at work. -Disadvantages: +Good and bad workers are paid the same. +There has to be a ‘clocking in’ system to determine the hours worked. +There needs to be supervision to make sure that the quantity and quality of the work produced is maintained
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a piece rate system of payment? -Advantages: +The workers who are quicker get rewarded for their effort. +It provides an incentive to work harder. +The workforce will need less supervision, at least as regards the quantity of work produced. -Disadvantages: +The work may be rushed, which means that quality may suffer. +Careful employees will earn less. +The employees may be tempted to work too quickly, which may result in accidents. +It can be difficult to fix a piece rate.
3. What should be done to limit the disadvantages if the piece rate system? -Workers should be paid partly on a time rate basis and partly on a piece rate basis, through a bonus scheme linked to results.