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«Молодой учёный» . № 4 (346) . Январь 2021 г.
Технические науки 7. 8.
Концепция энергетической стратегии России на период до 2030 года (проект). Прил. к журналу «Энергетическая политика». — М.: ГУ ИЭС, 2007. Ледин с. С., Игнатичев А. В. Развитие промышленных стандартов внутри- и межсистемного обмена данными интеллектуальных энергетических систем // Автоматизация и IT в энергетике, 2010, № 10.
Importance and development of water-saving technologies at the power plants Hashimy Said Abdulhadi, student master’s degree programs Kazakh National Research Technical University named after KI Satpaev (Almaty)
The vulnerability of the power generation industry to constraints in water availability is widespread and growing, and this is increasing the pressure on power plant operators to conserve water. This report discusses where water can be conserved at power plants. It includes ways of saving water in bottom ash handling, pollution control, and cooling systems. Cooling typically accounts for the largest usage of water (where water is the coolant), and wet flue gas desulphurization is the second largest use at wet-cooled plants. If sufficient water can be economically recovered from the flue gas, then a dry-cooled power plant could become a supplier of both electricity and water. In this paper the main focus is to highlight the importance of water resources in development of energy and improvement of industrial productions. Keywords: water-saving, power-plant, technology, energy, heating, cooling, industry.
Значение и развитие водосберегающих технологий на электростанциях Хашими Саид Абдулхади, студент магистратуры Казахский национальный исследовательский технический университет имени К. И. Сатпаева (г. Алматы)
Уязвимость электроэнергетической отрасли в отношении ограничений в доступности воды широко распространена и растет, и это усиливает давление на операторов электростанций с целью экономии воды. В этом отчете обсуждается, где можно сохранить воду на электростанциях. Он включает в себя способы экономии воды при обработке донной золы, борьбе с загрязнением и системах охлаждения. Охлаждение, как правило, объясняет наибольшее использование воды (где вода является теплоносителем), а влажная десульфурация дымовых газов является вторым по величине применением на установках с мокрым охлаждением. Если из дымовых газов можно будет экономично извлечь достаточное количество воды, то электростанция с сухим охлаждением может стать поставщиком электроэнергии и воды. В этой статье основной упор делается на то, чтобы подчеркнуть важность водных ресурсов в развитии энергетики и совершенствовании промышленных производств. Ключевые слова: водосбережение, электростанция, технология, энергия, отопление, охлаждение, промышленность.
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rom the beginning of scientific revolution up until now, the demand for water resources has been rocketing in different industrial as well as energetic enterprises. We can bravely claim that the production of energy (e. g. nuclear power plants, hydroelectric power plants, thermal power plants) and many goods (e. g. paper, steel, glass, textile) are inevitably dependent on water supplies. Thirty-six countries around the world already suffer from high or extremely high water stress. Thus, we all need to understand the importance of saving water as an invaluable resource for sustaining human life. Water conservation is a job not only for water technicians, farmers, ranchers, hydrologists, foresters, city planners, and park managers; it is the responsibility of every human being. 1. How is water consumed? Apart from other industries, energy industry is responsible for the consumption of huge amount of water which needs to be managed in an integrated way in order to minimize the possibility of
water shortages as well as environmental destructions. Generation of electricity require almost 560 billion Liters of water per day at the power plants burning fossil fuels for producing steam and cooling purposes. Therefore, water quantity and quality is of great importance for the efficiency of the plants. Water can leave the power plant in three ways: (1) evaporated in the flue gas, (2) as discharge streams, (3) as part of other products such as slag. 2. Global water saving approaches Our mission is to develop a system that could substitute the requirement of water or to minimize water loss through sampling systems, stream losses, blowdown, and evaporation from cooling at the current systems. Industrial facilities have a good potential for raising their water efficiency rates. Experience from around the world shows that adopting a systematic approach to water efficiency often results in reduced water consumption by 20–50%, and up to 90% when more advanced measures are implemented.
