Sherburne Residence 187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
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A A.1 A.2, A.3 A.4 A.5 A.6 B B.1 B.2 B.3 B.4 B.5 B.6 B.6 B.6 B.6 C C.1 C.2, C.3 C.4
Sherburne Residence
Site Analysis Site Plan Water and Climate Summer Sun and Wind Winter Sun and Wind Perspective Renderings House Redesign Programming Table Redesign: Basement Redesign: First Floor Redesign: Second Floor Redesign: Exterior Summer Wind Redesign Winter Wind Redesign Perspective Redesign Solar WIndow Heating Calculations Heated Spaces Detailed Sections Healoss Calculations
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Table of Contents
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Sherburne Residence
Energy Calculations D Energy Usages D.1, D.2, D.3 Total Usage D.4 Price Comparisons D.5 Family Energy Use D.6 Sample Bills D.7, D.8 Retorfit Measures D.9 Retrofit Measures E Retrofit Suggestions E.1, E.2, E.3, E.4, E.5, E.6, E.7, E.8, E.9 Revised Energy Tables with Retrofits E.10, E.11, E.12, E.13, E.14, E.15, E.16 Solar Design F Sun Tempering F.1 South Facade with Tempering Suggestions F.2 Passive Solar Heating and Solar Mass Calculations F.3 Window Night Insulation F.4
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Table of Contents (cont.)
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A Sherburne Residence
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Section A
This house is located in Windham, ME. The first part of this report details the exisitng conditions of the site
N
A.1
1” = 17’
Bathroom
N Living Room
Sherburne Residence Site Plan
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Kitchen Dining Room
Bedroom
N Deciduous Trees: Sugar Maple and White Oak Heights from 60’ to 90’ tall
Coniferous Trees: Eastern White Pine Heights from 70’ to 100’
A.2
1” = 17’
Bathroom
N Living Room
Sherburne Residence Water and Climate
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Kitchen Dining Room
Bedroom
Climate Design Priorities 1. Orient roof to protect from winter winds. 2. Rearrange interior spaces to block harsh external conditions. 3. Create openings on the southern facade to collect winter light and summer wind. 4. Create shading systems to block high summer sun and allow low winter sun. 5. Move outdoor space to the south and west sides of the building and provide a shading system. 6. Create more openings on the second level to collect winter sun.
N
A.3
1” = 17’
Bathroom
N Living Room
Sherburne Residence Water and Climate (cont.)
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Kitchen Dining Room
Bedroom
Advantages -Primary indoor and outdoor spaces recieve sun late in the day throughout the year -Site very open to summer sun throughout most of the day -Vegetation helps to block a lot of the winter wind -Vegetation helps to shade the outdoor space during the summer afternoon Disadvantages -Roof orientation not in the optimum direction to block winter winds -Not enough windows on the southern facade to recieve adequate passive solar heating and cross ventialtion -Southern vegetation blocks almost all winter sun.
N
A.4
1” = 17’
Bathroom
N Living Room
Sherburne Residence Summer Sun and Wind
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Kitchen Dining Room
Bedroom
During the summer the primary indoor and outdoor spaces recieve a lot of passive solar heating after noon. The summer winds make the outdoor space more comfortable, but the lack of windows on the south facade make the interior spaces too hot due to the lack of crossventilation. The kitchen recieves almost no light except for the very early morning and the very late afternoon. The bedrooms are all on the east side of the house, but all but one have no eastern windows to recieve the morning light.
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A.5
1” = 17’
Bathroom
N Living Room
Sherburne Residence Winter Sun and Wind
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Kitchen Dining Room
Bedroom
During the winter the site is always atleast partially in shade. The low sun angles make it so that many windows on the lower levels are useless when it comes to passive solar heating. The positioning of the internal spaces makes it so that many of the primary spaces are exposed to the cold winter winds, while recieving minimal passive solar heating from the winter sun. The form of the house, a saltbox, is not oriented in the optimum direction in order protect the internal spaces from the wind.
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A.6
North and West Facades
Sherburne Residence Perspective Drawing
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Kitchen Dining Room
Bathroom
Living Room
Strengths -Good late day sun exposure through windows -Bedroom recieves good early morning sun
Weaknesses -Overhang shades the kitchen from all but low-angle sun. -Northern deck recieves minimal sun all year long. -Deck blocks all sun from basement level windows
Bedroom
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B Sherburne Residence
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Section B
This section analyzes the previous information and determines major design changes needed to increase sustainability.
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B.1
South and East Facades
Sherburne Residence Perspective Drawing
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Kitchen Dining Room
Bathroom
Living Room
Strengths - Southern windows let light into all the floors - Windows on second floor allow for good ventialtion Weaknesses - Lower level has poor ventilation - East facade does not have many windows into primary spaces
Bedroom
N
B.2
1
2
Sq. Foot Range
Type of Space
Basement
775 ft²
Support
Kitchen
91 ft²
Dining Room
5
4
1
Time of Use
MET
CLO
Internal Gains
6pm-10pm
2
1
Washer Dryer
Westward views to woods
Support
7am-9am 4pm-6pm
2
1
Kitchen Appliances
Northern view over hillside Some northern light
92 ft²
Living
7am-9pm 4pm-6pm
2
1
None
Living Room
128 ft²
Living
4pm-12pm
1
1
None
Bedroom
105 ft²
Living
10pm-10-am
.9
.75
None
Bathroom
50.5 ft²
Support
All day
1
1
Shower
First Floor Circulation
48 ft²
Circulation
All day
2
1
None
Second Floor Circulation
48 ft²
Circulation
All day
2
1
None
Master Bedroom
218.5 ft²
Living
10pm-10am
.9
.75
None
Bedroom
167 ft²
Living
10pm-10am
.9
.75
None
Half Bathroom
78.5 ft²
Support
8pm-10pm
1
1
Shower
Environmental Interests
Preferred Orientation(s)
Space Priority
SW, W, NW
9
NE, E, SE, SW, W
6
Westward views to woods Late day light Skylight during midday Westward views to woods Late day light Skylight during midday Early morning light East and south views
NE, E, SE, SW, W
2
SE, S, SW, W, NW
1
NE, E, SE
5
Early morning light View to eastern woods
NE, NW
7
None
W, NW, N
10
None
W, NW, N
11
Northern morning and evening light North views into woods Midday south light Southern views into woods
NE, E, SE
3
NE, E, SE
4
None
W, NW, N
8
Individual Spaces
Space Title
3
Sherburne Residence Environmental Priorities
6
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
2
N
B.3
1” = 17’
Strengths - Good winter afternoon light Weaknesses -Poor light with high sun elevations due to outdoor deck -Poor cross ventilation Changes -More windows added to create better passive solar heating and cross ventilation -Deck moved to open up solar exposure to windows -Stairs moved to block cold winds
Sherburne Residence Basement Redesign
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Basement/ Laundry Room
N
B.4
Bedroom
X
Bathroom
Solar Window
Strengths - Good afternoon sun exposure - Good outdoor winds during the summer Weaknesses -Poor lighting in most spaces most of the time -Spaces poorly arranged to block unfavorable winter conditions Changes - Communal spaces given more windows, especially southern, to recieve more late day light -Structure rotated to optimize saltbox roof structure -Deck rotated to capitalize on sun and wind patterns -Interior spaces rearranged to block harsh winter wind.
1” = 17’
Kitchen
Living Room
Sherburne Residence First Floor Redesign
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Dining Room
N
B.5
Bedroom
Strengths -Afternoon light exposure fairly well captured Weaknesses -Roof pointing the wrong way to block winter winds -Master bedroom recieves full brunt of winter wind -No eastern windows in bedrooms Changes -Interior spaces reaaranged to block winter wind -Structure rotated to block winter wind -Eastern windows placed in both bedrooms to capture morning light -More windows placed to capture the low angle winter light
1” = 17’
Master Bedroom
Sherburne Residence Second Floor Redesign
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Half Bathroom
N
B.6
Sherburne Residence Summer Wind Redesign
Bathroom Bedroom
1” = 17’
Kitchen Living Room
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Dining Room
N
B.7
Sherburne Residence Winter Wind Redesign
Bedroom
Bathroom
North and West Facades
Kitchen Living Room
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Dining Room
N
B.8 Sherburne Residence
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Bedroom
Changes -Deck moved to south and eastern sides to recieve more summer sun and wind. -Overhangs added to windows to block high summer sun, but allow low winter sun -More openings on the second story to recieve more winter sun -Rotating of the house to optimizes the saltbox roof structure -Creation of eastern windows in bedrooms to capture morning light.
Bathroom
Perspective Redesign
Kitchen
Living Room
South and East Facades
Dining Room
N
B.9
43掳 North
Sherburne Residence Solar Window
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Solar Window This solar window is taken from the deck of the redesign plan. As one can see, the majority of the sun path is blocked by trees. These trees are deciduous, so during the summer, they would provide much wanted shade, and during the winter they would allow for sun to reach the building.
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C Sherburne Residence
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Section C
This section analyzes the house through section it cuts of the wall. It examines their RValue. The final table analyzes the heat loss due to inefficiencies.
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C.1
Basement/ Laundry Room
2 W
Living Room
Bedroom
1 W
1”=17’
Sherburne Residence Heated Spaces
Bathroom
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Kitchen Dining Room
1 W
Master Bedroom
Half Bathroom
Bedroom
N
1 R 1 W 2 W 1 F
C.2
Asphalt Shingles R = .44 Roofing Felt R = .20 1/2” Plywood R = .77 6” Rigid Fiberglass Insulation R = 17.5 1/2” Sheetrock R = .45
1”=8”
Sherburne Residence Roof Section
Exterior Air Film R = .17
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
1 R
Interior Air Film R = .68 Total R = 20.21 U Value = .049
Floor Section
1”=8”
1 F
N
C.3
1” Channel Rustic Siding (Hollow Backed) R = .61 1/2” Plywood R = .77 6” Rigid Fiberglass Insulation R = 17.5 1/2” Sheetrock R = .45 Interior Air Film R = .68
1”=8”
Sherburne Residence Wall Section
Exterior Air Film R = .17
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
1 W
Total R = 20.18 U Value = .050
8” Concrete R = 1.11 Interior Air Film R = .68
Total R = 1.96 U Value = .510
2 W
Wall Section
1”=8”
Exterior Earth (Depth from 0’ - 8’
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C.4
U-value
tota l area
Heat los s C oefficient
B tu/hrft2 °F
ft2
UA=B tu/hr°F
W ALLS
W INDOW S
.05
778
38.9
2W
.51
430
219.3
Single Glazed Windows
1.00
189
189
Entry
.33
17.5
5.775
.27
98
27.44
.05
1156
57.8
DOOR S R OOF S
Double Glazed Glass Door 1R
F LOOR S
(above grade, over vented crawl s paces U, over unheated s paces 1/2U)
F LOOR
s lab on grade
F -value
1F
perimeter ft. 58
.81
B E LOW G R ADE F LO OR S
ft2
modified U
1F
416
.0260
B E LOW G R ADE W ALLS
tota l F
2W
46.98
10.861
perimeter ft.
.51
29.58
58
INF ILT R AT ION (heated volume of the building x number of air changes x the hea t ca pacity of air .018 B tu ft3 °F
Heated Spaces
1W
Sherburne Residence Heat Loss Calculation
detail #
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
T A B L E A : P E A K A ND A NNUA L L OA DS S IMP LIF IE D C ALC ULAT ION OF B UILDING HE AT LOS S C OE F F IC IE NT S
#A.C . x .018 x volume cu.ft. = heat los s coefficient 1.2 19,136 413.3376 _____ x .018 ___ x __________ = _________________ 1038.9736
T OT A L HE A T L O S S C O E F F IC IE NT (tota l UA ) B tu/hr°F HE AT L OS S S O UR C E
HE AT L OS S B tu/hr/°F 287.78 ....................................
27.69 Walls
39.78 Windows
189 ....................................
Doors Ceilings Floors Infiltration Loses
18.19 5.56 5.56
100% % 27.69 ...................................... 18.19 ......................................
33.215 ....................................
3.19 ......................................
57.8 ....................................
5.56 ......................................
57.841 ....................................
5.56 ......................................
413.338 ....................................
39.78 ......................................
3.19
PE AK HE AT L OS S
= tota l U A
x T (des ign indoor°F - des ign outdoor°F )
43,221.3018 ____________
1038.9736 = ______
65-23.4 x ___________________________
A NNUA L H E A T L O S S
= tota l U A
x 24hrs
x annual degree days
176018751.4176 ______________
= ______ 1038.9736
x 24 _____
x 7059 _____________
A NNUA L B U IL DING E NE R G Y P E R F OR MA NC E B T U/s q.ft/y ear
70520.3331 __________________________
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D Sherburne Residence
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Section D
This section details the energy usage of each of the various parts of the house, and sums it up with a series of charts showing energy comparisons.
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D.1
Total House UA (BTU/HR ÝF)
24 hours
1038.9736
Month Bldg. Load HDD/ MO Coeff
HTG LOAD (MMBTU)
24935
24 $/ SYS System Demand (MMBTU/EFF %) MMBTU EFF (%)
Total Heating Cost ($)
24935
765
19.07
72%
26.49
9.62
254.83
Feb
24935
605
15.08
72%
20.94
9.62
201.44
Mar
24935
536
13.36
72%
18.55
9.62
178.45
Apr
24935
400
9.97
72%
13.85
9.62
133.23
May
24935
243
6.06
72%
8.42
9.62
81.00
Jun
24935
96
2.39
72%
3.32
9.62
31.93
Jul
24935
21
.52
72%
.72
9.62
6.93
Aug
24935
21
.52
72%
.72
9.62
6.93
Sep
24935
78
1.94
72%
2.69
9.62
25.88
Oct
24935
319
7.95
72%
11.04
9.62
106.20
Nov
24935
560
13.96
72%
19.38
9.62
186.43
Dec
24935
756
18.85
72%
26.18
9.62
251.85
Heating - Wood
Jan
Sherburne Residence Energy Usage
Building Load Coefficient
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Heating-Wood
N
D.2
DHW Load (MMBTU)
$/ Total Cooling $/ Total DHW DEM FACTOR CDD/ Cooling System (KwH/CDD) ($) MMBTU Cost ($) MO Demand (KwH) KwH
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
0
0
0
0
Feb
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
0
0
0
0
Mar
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
0
0
0
0
Apr
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
0
0
0
0
May
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
0
0
0
0
Jun
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
3
0
0
0
Jul
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
114
0
0
0
Aug
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
71
0
0
0
Sep
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
8
0
0
0
Oct
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
0
0
0
0
Nov
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
0
0
0
0
Dec
2.64
15.4
40.66
0
0
0
0
0
DHW - Gas/Cooling - None
Jan
Sherburne Residence Energy Usage
Month
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Dom. Hot Water Cooling- None
N
D.3
KWH/Mo 176.4 8.4
$ Lighting
10.55 .50
Total 2217.6 KWH/YR
Appliances-Gas Appliance Oven Grill
Quantity 1 1
Avg. Btu/Hr 14325 35000
Avg. Hrs/Mo MMBTU/Mo 140 2.00 10 .35
Total 28.2 MMBTU/YR
Appliance Quantity Avg. Wattage Avg. Hrs/Mo 185 1 Refrig./Frzr. 1050 1 8 1300 Microwave 3 Toaster 1 9000 1 10 1200 Coffeemaker 110 Television 1 160 1 25 35 DVD Player 10 Iron 1 1000 1 2 300 Blender 15 Radio 1 60 1 30 220 Computer 45 Portable Fan 2 230 1 9 700 Vacuum 10 Washer 1 625 1 10 720 Dryer
KWH/Mo 194.25 10.4 27 12 17.6 .88 10 .6 .9 6.6 10.35 6.3 6.25 7.2
Total
3723.96 KWH/YR
Lighting - Electric/Appliances - Gas,Electric
Appliances-Electric
Sherburne Residence Energy Usage
Lights Quantity Avg. Wattage Avg. Hrs/Mo 140 Incandescent 21 60 7 15 80 Flourescent
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Lighting
N
D.4
$ DHW
Est. Total $ Gas
$ Heating
Jan
62.46
40.66
103.12
254.83
Feb
62.46
40.66
103.12
201.44
201.44
16.19
11.14
27.33
Mar
62.46
40.66
103.12
178.45
178.45
16.19
11.14
27.33
Apr
62.46
40.66
103.12
133.23
133.23
16.19
11.14
27.33
May
62.46
40.66
103.12
81.00
81.00
16.19
11.14
27.33
Jun
62.46
40.66
103.12
31.93
31.93
16.19
11.14
27.33
Jul
62.46
40.66
103.12
6.93
6.93
16.19
11.14
27.33
Aug
62.46
40.66
103.12
6.93
6.93
16.19
11.14
27.33
Sep
62.46
40.66
103.12
25.88
25.88
16.19
11.14
27.33
Oct
62.46
40.66
103.12
106.20
106.20
16.19
11.14
27.33
Nov
62.46
40.66
103.12
186.43
186.43
16.19
11.14
27.33
Dec
62.46
40.66
103.12
251.85
251.85
16.19
11.14
27.33
$ Est. Total $ Electric Est. Total $ Wood Appliances Lighting $ Elec 254.83 16.19 27.33 11.14
Sherburne Residence Total Energy Usages
$ Gas Appliances
Wood, Gas, Electric
Month
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Total Usages
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D.5
Actual Gas Total
Est. Wood Total
Actual Wood Total
Jan
103.12
115.85
254.83
-
27.33
34.12
Feb
103.12
116.32
201.44
-
27.33
29.97
Mar
103.12
110.45
178.45
-
27.33
29.96
Apr
103.12
109.66
133.23
-
27.33
29.15
May
103.12
112.34
81.00
-
27.33
26.95
Jun
103.12
98.53
31.93
655.00
27.33
31.36
Jul
103.12
115.34
6.93
-
27.33
31.58
Aug
103.12
120.78
6.93
-
27.33
30.59
Sep
103.12
84.55
25.88
-
27.33
31.58
Oct
103.12
99.12
106.20
-
27.33
31.36
Nov
103.12
110.78
186.43
-
27.33
Dec
103.12
129.34
251.85
-
27.33
26.74 27.44
Total
1237.44
1323.06
1465.10
655.00
327.96
360.80
Reason For Price Discrepancy Wood- Wood is only partially bought, some is collected manually by home owner. Wood is also used more sparingly and not as frequently Gas- Gas is used less frequently than calculated (shorter showers, only using a few burners on grills, etc.) Electric- Some appliances are left plugged, drawing energy when not in use (Computer, TV, Stereo etc.)
Estimated vs. Actual
Ests. Gas Total
Sherburne Residence Energy Cost Comparison
Est. Electric Actual Total Electric Total
Month
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Price Comparisons
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D.6 Heating Load
Percent
Source
Electric Load
Percent
Water
31.68 MMBTU
53.1%
App.
2724.96 KWH
55.13%
App.
28.20 MMBTU
46.9%
Light
2217.60 KWH
44.86%
Source Walls Window Doors
Load MMBTU 287.78 MMBTU 189 MmBTU 33.22 MMBTU
Total Energy Dist.
Percent
Source
27.69%
Heating
109.67 MMBTU
40.41%
18.19% 3.19%
DHW Lighting
31.68 MMBTU
11.67% 2.79%
App.
37.5 MMBTU
Cars
84.96 MMBTU
Ceiling Floor
57.8 MMBTU 57.84 MMBTU
5.56% 5.56%
Infil.
413.34 MMBTU
39.78%
Load MMBTu
7.57 MMBTU
Percent
13.82% 31.31%
Energy Distribution
Heating Load Dist.
Sherburne Residence Family Energy Use
Source
Total Usages - Electric
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Total Usages - Gas
N
D.7
Sherburne Residence 187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
N
D.8 Sherburne Residence
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Note: Tables reflect an average of cost values, over a period of 5 years.
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D.9 2. Purchase Power Strips to Lower Standby Power To lower electric costs of objects not in use
3. Replace Current Lightbulbs with CFLS To raise lifespan and efficiency of lighting
4. Cellular Shading Reduce heat loss through windows
5. Purchase a Higher Efficiency Water Heater To lower gas costs
To lower heat loss through walls
7. Purchase a Higher Efficiency Stove Allows for less wood use
8. Purchase a Higher Efficiency Refridgerator To lower electric costs
To Lower Energy Costs
6. Better Insulation on Walls
Sherburne Residence Retrofit Measures
To lower infiltration heating cost
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
1. Caulking and Weather Stripping
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E Sherburne Residence
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Section E
This section gives eight retrofit options to imporve the house’s energy use. These include a variety of strategies from appliance updates to home improvement
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E.1
8 inoperable windows, 4 tubes of caulk
Retrofits
Caulking is an efficient method to allow a homeowner to reduce infiltration. In combination with weatherstripping, air exchange can be reduced by 20%. One tube of caulking can seal two windows, which means a total of four tubes for the inoperable windows within the house. The product can be installed by the homeowner, because of previous home renovation experience.
Caulking’
$15.96
Sherburne Residence
3.99 per tube, One tube per two windows
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Liquid Nails All-Purpose Caulk, 6oz
N Original: 1.2 x .018 x 19,136 = 413.3376 BTU/hr F New: .96 x .018 x 19,136 = 330.6701 BTU/hr F Difference: 413.3376 - 330.6701 = 82.6675 BTU/hr F 82.6675 BTU/hr F x 24 hr x 7059 HDD= 14.01 MMBTU Energy Cost Savings: 9.62 $/MMBTU x 14.01 MMBTU= $134.77 per year Payback: 15.96/134.77= .12 year payback
E.2 Sherburne Residence
$5 per unit. 1 door per unit, 2 windows per unit
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
M-D Products 63628 17’ White Extreme Temperature D-Profile Weather Strip
4 doors, 6 windows, 7 units required
Retrofits
Weatherstripping
Weatherstripping is an efficient method to allow a homeowner to reduce infiltration. In combination with caulking, air exchange can be reduced by 20%. One unit of weatherstripping can seal two windows or one door, which means a total of seven units for the operable windows and doors within the house. The product can be installed by the homeowner, because of previous home renovation experience.
N Original: 1.2 x .018 x 19,136 = 413.3376 BTU/hr F New: .96 x .018 x 19,136 = 330.6701 BTU/hr F Difference: 413.3376 - 330.6701 = 82.6675 BTU/hr F 82.6675 BTU/hr F x 24 hr x 7059 HDD= 14.01 MMBTU Energy Cost Savings: 9.62 $/MMBTU x 14.01 MMBTU= $134.77 per year Payback: 15.96/134.77= .12 year payback
E.3
21 bulbs to replace, $6 per bulb $126 total Self-Installed
CFLs
Sherburne Residence Retrofits
13W Bulbs
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
13W T2 Twister Soft White
CFLs use about 75 percent less energy than regular lightbulbs. They also typically last about 6 months longer. Typically they save about 6 dollars a year, and 40 dollars over thier life time. They also produce significantly less heat, making them safer to operate, and reducing cooling costs.
N
Original: 2116 kWh per year New: 458.64 kWh per year Difference: 2116 kWh - 458.64 kWh = 1657.36 kWh per year Energy Cost Savings: 1657.36 kWh x .059819 $/kWh = $99.14 Payback: 126/99.14 = 1.27 year payback
E.4
Self-installed Controlling electricty usage with a power strip will help reduce passive energy use within a household by approximately 100 dollars per year. With the concentration of electronics within the house, three powerstrips would be all that would be needed to control all toggled appliances.
Powerstrips’
$44.64
Sherburne Residence Retrofits
$14.88 per unit 3 required to control majority of appliances
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Kensington 50688 6 Outlets Power Strip
N
Original: $194.28 New: $94.28 Energy Cost Savings: $194.28 - $94.28 = $100 Payback: 44.64/100 = .4464 year payback
E.5
Approximate R value of 5
Night insulation of speciifc windows is a terrific way to reduce heating costs. Some of the large windows in the main spaces such as the lving and dining room allows a lot of heat to escape the house, and adding an R 5 barrier will drastically improve the quality of the spaces. Compared to the cost of installing high-quality windows and considering their ease of installment, they are clearly the superior option for reduicng heat loss through the windows.
Night Insulation
Self-installed
Sherburne Residence Retrofits
$89.76 per window, 10 windows $897.60 total
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Comfortex 3/8’ Double Cell Light Filtering Cellular Shades
N
Original: 216.44 UA Total x 24 = 5194.56 New: 42.76 UA Total x 24 = 1026.24 Difference: (old) (5194.56 x 7059/.72) x 9.62 $/MMBTU = $489.93 (new) (1026.24 x 7059/.72) x 9.62 $/MMBTU = $96.79 Energy Cost Savings: $489.93 - $96.79 = $393.14 per year Payback: 897.60/393.14 = 2.28 year payback
E.6
A tankless water heater reduces the cost of hot water heating by almost 50% automatically. By removing the need to have a standing supply of hot water, the cost to keep unused water warm is drastically reduced. This specific model has the ability ot heat enough water to keep two showers running simultaneously, which is more than enough for the household.
Water Heater
$1056.99
Sherburne Residence Retrofits
ENERGY STAR-qualified
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
AquaStar AquaStar 2400ES-NG Natural Gas Tankless Water Heater
N
Original: 31.68 MMBTU New: 14.26 MMBTU Difference: 31.68 MMBTU - 14.26 MMBTU = 17.42 MMBTU Energy Cost Savings: 17.42 MMBTU x 15.40 $/MMBTU = $268.27 per year Payback: 1056.99/268.27 = 3.94 year payback
E.7
$1.87 per square foot, 1208 sq. ft.
Adding insulation helps to keep the home warm in the winter and cool in the summer. Adding insulation reduces energy bills during the coldest and hottest times of the year. Rigid foam board is one of the most effective types of insulation for its thickness. Installation will be focused primarily by the roof, and the basement, which is partially unfinished, so the addition of insulatino will not be difficult or instrusive.
Insulation
$2,258.96 material cost $500 installation cost $2758.96 total
Sherburne Residence Retrofits
R-5 Per Inch at 6”
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
FOAMULAR® 250 Rigid Foam Insulation
N Original: 1038.97 UA Total x 24 = 24935.28 New: 818.34 UA Total x 24 = 19640.26 Difference: (old) (24935.28 x 7059/.72) x 9.62 $/MMBTU = $2351.80 (new) (19640.26 x 7059/.72) x 9.62 $/MMBTU = $1852.39 Energy Cost Savings: $2351.80 - $1852.39 = $499.41 per year Payback: $2758.96/$499.41 = 5.52 year payback
E.8
$2645 per unit, one unit required.
A higher efficiency wood stove would allow for usage of less wood in order to heat the home. This will ease both the financial stress of purchasing wood and also the physicsal stress of collecting wood. There are higher efficiency wood stoves available on the market, but many of the higher efficiency stoves come with a much larger pricetag. Installation performed by homeowner.
Woodstove
Installation Cost: $0
Sherburne Residence Retrofits
83.5% Heating Efficiency
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Hearthstone Homestead Wood Stove
N Original: 138.45 MMBTU New: 138.45x(.72)/.835=119.38 MMBTU Difference: 138.45-119.38=19.07 MMBTU Energy Cost Savings: 9.62 $/MMBTU x 19.07 MMBTU= 183.45 per year Payback: 2645/183.45= 14.42 year payback
E.9
551 kWh per year estimated use
ENERGY STAR qualified refrigerators use 20% less energy than modern normal refrigerators. Replacing the current refrigerator, which is from the 1980s, will save the client over 100 dollars per year.
Refrigerator
1764.29
Sherburne Residence Retrofits
ENERGY STAR-qualified
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Kenmore Elite 25.0 cu. ft. FrenchDoor Bottom-Freezer Refrigerator 1 door per unit, 2 windows per unit
N
Original: 2331 kWh per year New: 551 kWh per year Difference: 2331 kWh - 551 kWh = 1780 kWh per year Energy Cost Savings: 1780 kWh x .059819 $/kWh = $106.48 per year Payback: 1764.29/106.48 = 16.57 year payback
E.10
U-value
tota l area
Heat los s C oefficient
B tu/hrft2 °F
ft2
UA=B tu/hr°F
W ALLS
W INDOW S
.030
778
23.37
2W
.031
430
13.33
Single Glazed Windows
.167
189
31.5
Entry
.33
17.5
5.775
.115
98
11.26
.05
1156
57.8
DOOR S R OOF S
Double Glazed Glass Door 1R
F LOOR S
(above grade, over vented crawl s paces U, over unheated s paces 1/2U)
F LOOR
s lab on grade
F -value
1F
perimeter ft. 58
.81
B E LOW G R ADE F LO OR S
ft2
modified U
1F
416
.0260
B E LOW G R ADE W ALLS
tota l F
2W
46.98
10.861
perimeter ft.
.51
29.58
58
INF ILT R AT ION (heated volume of the building x number of air changes x the hea t ca pacity of air .018 B tu ft3 °F #A.C . x .018 x volume cu.ft. = heat los s coefficient .96 19,136 330.671 _____ x .018 ___ x __________ = _________________ 561.127
T OT A L HE A T L O S S C O E F F IC IE NT (tota l UA ) B tu/hr°F HE AT L OS S S O UR C E
HE AT L OS S B tu/hr/°F 66.28 ....................................
11.48% 5.46% Walls
5.75%
Windows
31.5 ....................................
Doors Ceilings
10.01%
57.28%
100%
Floors Infiltration Loss
% 11.48 ...................................... 5.46 ......................................
33.215 ....................................
5.75 ......................................
57.8 ....................................
10.01 ......................................
57.841 ....................................
10.02 ......................................
330.671 ....................................
57.28 ......................................
10.02%
PE AK HE AT L OS S
= tota l U A
x T (des ign indoor°F - des ign outdoor°F )
23,342.8832 _____________ ___________
561.127 = _______ _____
65-23.4 x ____________________________ __________________________
A NNUA L H E A T L O S S
= tota l U A
x 24hrs
x annual degree days
95,063,891.832 ____________ __________ __
= _______ _____ 561.127
x 24 ______ ____
x 7059 _____________ _ ____________
A NNUA L B U IL DING E NE R G Y P E R F OR MA NC E B T U/s q.ft/y ear
__________________________
Heated Spaces (After Retrofits)
1W
Sherburne Residence Heat Loss Calculation
detail #
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
T A B L E A : P E A K A ND A NNUA L L OA DS S IMP LIF IE D C ALC ULAT ION OF B UILDING HE AT LOS S C OE F F IC IE NT S
N
E.11
Total House UA (BTU/HR ÝF)
24 hours
561.127
Month Bldg. Load HDD/ MO Coeff
HTG LOAD (MMBTU)
13467
24 $/ SYS System Demand (MMBTU/EFF %) MMBTU EFF (%)
Total Heating Cost ($)
13467
765
10.3
83.5%
12.34
9.62
118.71
Feb
13467
605
8.1
83.5%
9.70
9.62
93.31
Mar
13467
536
7.2
83.5%
8.62
9.62
82.92
Apr
13467
400
5.4
83.5%
6.47
9.62
62.24
May
13467
243
3.3
83.5%
3.95
9.62
38.00
Jun
13467
96
1.3
83.5%
1.56
9.62
15.01
Jul
13467
21
.3
83.5%
.36
9.62
3.46
Aug
13467
21
.3
83.5%
.36
9.62
3.46
Sep
13467
78
1.1
83.5%
1.32
9.62
12.70
Oct
13467
319
4.3
83.5%
5.15
9.62
49.54
Nov
13467
560
7.5
83.5%
8.98
9.62
86.39
Dec
13467
756
10.2
83.5%
12.22
9.62
117.56
Heating - Wood (After Retrofits)
Jan
Sherburne Residence Energy Usage
Building Load Coefficient
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Heating-Wood
N
E.12
DHW Load (MMBTU)
$/ Total Cooling $/ Total DHW DEM FACTOR CDD/ Cooling System (KwH/CDD) ($) MMBTU Cost ($) MO Demand (KwH) KwH
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
0
0
0
0
Feb
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
0
0
0
0
Mar
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
0
0
0
0
Apr
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
0
0
0
0
May
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
0
0
0
0
Jun
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
3
0
0
0
Jul
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
114
0
0
0
Aug
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
71
0
0
0
Sep
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
8
0
0
0
Oct
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
0
0
0
0
Nov
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
0
0
0
0
Dec
1.19
15.4
18.33
0
0
0
0
0
DHW - Gas/Cooling - None (After Retrofits)
Jan
Sherburne Residence Energy Usage
Month
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Dom. Hot Water Cooling- None
N
E.13
KWH/Mo 38.22 8.4
$ Lighting
2.29 .50
Total 559.44 KWH/YR
Appliances-Gas Appliance Oven Grill
Quantity 1 1
Avg. Btu/Hr 14325 35000
Avg. Hrs/Mo MMBTU/Mo 140 2.00 10 .35
Total 28.2 MMBTU/YR
Appliance Quantity Avg. Wattage Avg. Hrs/Mo 185 1 Refrig./Frzr. 248.20 1 8 1300 Microwave 3 Toaster 1 9000 1 10 1200 Coffeemaker 110 Television 1 160 1 25 35 DVD Player 10 Iron 1 1000 1 2 300 Blender 15 Radio 1 60 1 30 220 Computer 45 Portable Fan 2 230 1 9 700 Vacuum 10 Washer 1 625 1 10 720 Dryer
KWH/Mo 45.92 10.4 27 12 17.6 .88 10 .6 .9 6.6 10.35 6.3 6.25 7.2
Total
1944 KWH/YR
Lighting - Elec/App. - Gas,Elec. (After Retrofits)
Appliances-Electric
Sherburne Residence Energy Usage
Lights Quantity Avg. Wattage Avg. Hrs/Mo 140 Incandescent 21 13 7 15 80 Flourescent
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Lighting
N
E.14
$ DHW
Est. Total $ Gas
$ Heating
Jan
62.46
18.33
103.12
118.71
118.71
12.12
2.79
14.91
Feb
62.46
18.33
103.12
93.31
93.31
12.12
2.79
14.91
Mar
62.46
18.33
103.12
82.92
82.92
12.12
2.79
14.91
Apr
62.46
18.33
103.12
62.24
62.24
12.12
2.79
14.91
May
62.46
18.33
103.12
38.00
38.00
12.12
2.79
14.91
Jun
62.46
18.33
103.12
15.01
15.01
12.12
2.79
14.91
Jul
62.46
18.33
103.12
3.46
3.46
12.12
2.79
14.91
Aug
62.46
18.33
103.12
3.46
3.46
12.12
2.79
14.91
Sep
62.46
18.33
103.12
12.70
12.70
12.12
2.79
14.91
Oct
62.46
18.33
103.12
49.54
49.54
12.12
2.79
14.91
Nov
62.46
18.33
103.12
86.39
86.39
12.12
2.79
14.91
Dec
62.46
18.33
103.12
117.56
117.56
12.12
2.79
14.91
$ Est. Total $ Electric Est. Total $ Wood Appliances Lighting $ Elec
Sherburne Residence Total Energy Usages
$ Gas Appliances
Wood, Gas, Electric (After Retrofits)
Month
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Total Usages
N
E.15
Actual Gas Total
Est. Wood Total
Actual Wood Total
Jan
80.79
115.85
118.71
-
14.91
34.12
Feb
80.79
116.32
93.31
-
14.91
29.97
Mar
80.79
110.45
82.92
-
14.91
29.96
Apr
80.79
109.66
62.24
-
14.91
29.15
May
80.79
112.34
38.00
-
14.91
26.95
Jun
80.79
98.53
15.01
655.00
14.91
31.36
Jul
80.79
115.34
3.46
-
14.91
31.58
Aug
80.79
120.78
3.46
-
14.91
30.59
Sep
80.79
84.55
12.70
-
14.91
31.58
Oct
80.79
99.12
49.54
-
14.91
31.36
Nov
80.79
110.78
86.39
-
14.91
Dec
80.79
129.34
117.56
-
14.91
26.74 27.44
Total
969.48
1323.06
683.3
655.00
148.92
360.80
Estimated vs. Actual (After Retrofits)
Ests. Gas Total
Sherburne Residence Energy Cost Comparison
Est. Electric Actual Total Electric Total
Month
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Price Comparisons
N
E.16 Heating Load
Percent
Source
Electric Load
Percent
Water
14.28 MMBTU
33.62%
App.
1944.00 KWH
77.65%
App.
28.20 MMBTU
66.38%
Light
559.44 KWH
22.34%
Source
Load MMBTU
Walls
66.28 MMBTU
Window Doors
31.5 MmBTU 33.22 MMBTU
Ceiling Floor
57.8 MMBTU
Infil.
330.671
57.84 MMBTU
Total Energy Dist.
Percent
Source
11.48%
Heating
71.03 MMBTU
34.31%
5.46% 5.75%
DHW Lighting
14.28 MMBTU
6.90% .92%
10.01% 10.02%
App.
34.83 MMBTU
Cars
84.96 MMBTU
57.28%
Load MMBTu
1.91 MMBTU
Percent
16.83% 41.04%
Energy Distribution (After Retrofits)
Heating Load Dist.
Sherburne Residence Family Energy Use
Source
Total Usages - Electric
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Total Usages - Gas
N
F Sherburne Residence
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Section F
This section details how solar energy might be used to improve the efficiency of the house, and remove soem of the heating load from mechanical systems.
N
F.1
UAh= Total UA of house (after energy retro fit) not including south facade Walls UA: 24.459 Windows: 23.714 Total: 48.174 Ug = U Value of South Glass .167 Ag = Area of South Glazing Variable
Atw = Area of Total South Wall and Winow Area 666 ft2 ti = Average desired interior temperature 65˚F to = twelve noon outdoor January temperature 21.7˚F
Calculations
USw = U value of South Wall .030
Sherburne Residence Sun Tempering
[UAh + UgAg + Usw(Atw - Ag )] ( ti - to) = Is (Ag)
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Sun Tempering
Is = Average Hourly solar radiation at 12 noon in January recieved by a vertical surface 146 BTU/sq. ft
Calculations [48.174 + .167(Ag) + .3(666 - Ag)] (65 - 21.7) = 146 Ag [48.174 + .167(Ag) + .3(666 - Ag)] 43.3 = 2085.93 + 7.23(Ag) + 12.99 (666-Ag) = 2085.93 + 7.23Ag + 8651.34 -12.99 Ag= 10737.27 - 5.76Ag = 146 Ag 10737.27 = 151.76 Ag Area of South Glass Needed for Sun Tempering 70.752 = Ag 666/70.752 = 9.4% The above calculation shows that the house requires 9.4% of the house be covered in glass in order to collect the optimal amount of solar energy, without losing too much energy due to the high U value of the windows. This would require an additional 22.578 square feet of glazing be added to the southern facade. A 6 by 3.5 window added to the second story would fufill this need.
N
F.2
South Facade Redesign
Sherburne Residence Sun Tempering
187 Falmouth Road 路 Windham 路 Maine
Solar Redesign Additional window is placed on the second level to allow light to enter the main living spaces. The already existing windows on the southern facade penetrate into the bedroom and laundry/basement spaces, so the addtion of a window into the living space was the msot logical. It is placed high up due to the configuration of the furniture within the space, and so as to not provide direct glare into the inhabitants of the spaces.
N
F.3
LCR = Load to Collect Ratio With a 25% SSF using TWB3 18 SSF = Solar Savings Fraction 25%
Storage Mass
LCR = 24 UAh/ Ag 18 = 24(48.174)/ Ag Area of South Glass Needed for Passive Solar Heating Ag = 64.232 Storage Mass Calculations Goal of 30 BTU/ft3/F per ft2 of glass White Oak: Typical Heat Capacity = 26.8 BTU/ft3/F 64.232 (30) = 1926.96 BTU/ft3/F 1926.96 / 26.8 = 71.90 ft3 71.90 / 1.33 = 54.06 ft2
Sherburne Residence Passive Solar Heating
UAh= Total UA of house (after energy retro fit) not including south facade Walls UA: 24.459 Windows: 23.714 Total: 48.174
187 Falmouth Road · Windham · Maine
Passive Solar Heating Calculations
mass storage required brick required area of 14” white oak required
The addition of a 6’ by 9’ wall between the dining room would create both a dividing spatial barrier between these tow very functionally different spaces, and create a sotrage wall for the main living space
N Dining Room
Proposed Solar Mass Storage Wall
Kitchen
Living Room
Bedroom
Bathroom
F.4
Winter: During the winter the window shading would be opened during the day on the southern and western facades to allow as much solar gain as possible within the house. The northern and eastern shades would remain permanently closed during the winter. The southern and western shades would be pulled down during the night to insulate the house as much as possible against the cold winter temperatures.
Seasonal Strategies
Sherburne Residence Window Insulation
Summer: Durnig the summer, the window shading would actually be used primarily during the day to block out the suprisingly hot Maine summer sun. This will allow the house to maintain the cool night temperatures for as long as possible. During the night, the shades would be raised to allow the windows to opened for ventialtion.
187 Falmouth Road ¡ Windham ¡ Maine
Window Night Insulation Strategy
Comfortex 3/8’ Double Cell Light Filtering Cellular Shades
N