Humayun & Sherburne
Table of Contents Background ........................................................................................................... 1
Scope .................................................................................................................... 2
Methodology & Data Sources ............................................................................... 4
Process Log .......................................................................................................... 5
Results................................................................................................................... 7
Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 13
Next Steps ........................................................................................................... 14
References .......................................................................................................... 15
Humayun & Sherburne
Background The Fair Housing Partnership Of Greater Pittsburgh (FHP) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to creating equal housing choice in southwestern Pennsylvania through fair housing advocacy and comprehensive housing counseling services. Since 1975, the Fair Housing Partnership has been actively involved in promoting fair housing through the work of a committed and highly skilled staff and volunteer Board of Directors who represent diverse communities in the Pittsburgh area. The Fair Housing Partnership of Greater Pittsburgh enforces the Fair Housing Act which is a federal housing discrimination law that prohibits housing providers from denying housing or otherwise treating people differently based on race, religion, disability, national origin, familial status, color, and sex. FHP investigates cases of housing discrimination based both on their own targets and on targets identified by a client.
1
Humayun & Sherburne
Scope Mapping is an integral aspect of the targeting process for FHP, as it helps to maximize limited resources, by using the information available to make educated decisions both for their target areas and to gather additional information to show evidence of an established case. Therefore, for the scope of this project The Fair Housing Partnership Of Greater Pittsburgh requires us to: 1. Update existing organizational maps with our current intakes / complaints / tests (addresses provided by FHP) overlaid in Pittsburgh city and Allegheny county maps including census data layers of race, income. This will be used to see if there are correlations. 2. Using the templates for above noted organizational needs to generate maps to help a new fair housing organization and a partner with FHP in West Virginia. Two accomplish these tasks we are required by The Fair Housing Partnership Of Greater Pittsburgh to: a. Map neighborhoods in city and county with FHP provided addresses overlaid with rental units as well as families with children to determine impact of an occupancy ordinance. b. Map city and county addresses for Low Income Tax Credit Properties (addresses provided by FHP) overlaid with race and income to determine if such properties are being built in predominately white areas. 3. Map new housing construction addresses provided by FHP with any disability related census data or such data as provided by American Community Survey.
2
Humayun & Sherburne In our communication with Megan Hammond we decided to create a series of maps with focus primarily of Allegheny and also more specifically on Pittsburgh to analyze the distribution of families with children within the area. This is the population of people affected by the public housing due to occupancy laws within the city of Pittsburgh creating a potential for displacement.
3
Humayun & Sherburne
Methodology & Data Sources
Point Extraction Joins & Spatial Joins
Point Centroids (XY Data)
Address Geocoding
Kernel Density Choropleth
Field Calculator (Z-Score)
Figure 1: Techniques and GIS tools used
•
Addresses for Current intake/complaints/tests data will be provided by FHP
•
Pittsburgh City and Allegheny county layers will be obtained from the US Census website
•
Race & Income layers would be obtained from the US Census website
•
Addresses for Low Income Tax Credit Properties will be provided by FHP
4
Humayun & Sherburne
Process Log Download Files •
Downloaded ACS 2011 5-year estimate for Allegheny County Families with Children data from http://factfinder2.census.gov/ at the census tract and block group level. Downloaded shape files from http://www.census.gov/geo/mapsdata/data/tiger-line.html for Allegheny County at the 2010 census tract and block group level
•
Downloaded tables for the address of public housing locations in Allegheny County as provided by Megan Hammond at the Pittsburgh Fair Housing Partnership
Process Data
•
Processed the data provided by http://factfinder2.census.gov/ for Allegheny County Families with Children to include only relevant data, and to make usable by the GIS software to join with downloaded shape files.
Build File Geodatabase and Import Files
•
Imported all shape files and tables into working geodatabase
•
Converted block group centroids from GCS_North_American_1927 to NAD_1927_StatePlane_Pennsylvania_South_FIPS_3702 for use later to create a kernel density
5
Humayun & Sherburne •
Joined data from the ACS 2011 5-year estimate to the shape files based on the field GEOID10, at both the census tract and block group level.
•
Created a choropleth map for Allegheny County using Families with Children as the value field, and the quantile break points 158, 248, 361, 496 and 1843.
•
Created a choropleth map for Pittsburgh using Families with Children as the value field, and the quantile break points 40, 66, 82, 108 and 368.
•
Calculated the z-score for the Families with Children field within the Pittsburgh block group centroids using the field calculator
•
Created a kernel density map based on the Families with Children Z-Score for the Pittsburgh block group centroids, using the cell size of 50, for a higher resolution analytical map, and the search radius of 3000, based off of a series of testing to receive an intentioned result
•
Kernel density colored based on a 1/3 standard deviation subdivision, to create a total of 15 separate divisions, which will allow the map to be used for analytical purposes.
•
Import the data provided by Megan Hammond at the Pittsburgh Fair Housing Partnership, and geocode the addresses of the points within the table to an address locator provided by the instructor Kristen Kurland.
•
Create points using this geocoder
•
Add points of housing locations to the created maps of families with children.
•
Edited images graphically for readability, and then exported images for each map.
•
Extracted raster values for each of the housing projects within Pittsburgh based on their location on the kernel density map.
•
Created a scatter plot graph for the statistics of housing projects versus families based of kernel density map’s extracted raster values.
•
Inserted created images into a report and presentation.
6
Humayun & Sherburne
Results This map uses a choropleth to display census tracts in Allegheny County. The Allegheny County census tracts are colored using the number of families with children, obtained from the American Community Survey 2011 (5year estimates). This map is used to provide an overview of the distribution of families with children in Allegheny County. Census tracts with the highest number are 4530.04, 4560.03, 4141.02, 4131, and 4070, all of which are located outside the region of Pittsburgh The census tract with the highest number of families within Pittsburgh is census tract 3001, which has 535 families with children. This census is tract is located in the Knoxville Neighborhood.
7
Humayun & Sherburne
This map shows the public housing locations that the Fair Housing Partnership is looking to investigate. There are a total of 114 housing locations out of which 31 are located within the municipal bounds of Pittsburgh, shown on this map
8
Humayun & Sherburne
This choropleth map shows the number of families with children by block groups in the municipal bounds of Pittsburgh. The data was obtained from the American Community Survey 2011 (5year estimates) The block groups with the highest number of families with children is block group 3 within Census tract 1306, Block group 2 within Census tract 2814, Block group 1 within Census tract 509, Block group 1 within Census tract 1408 and Block Group 1 within Census tract 2609. It is interesting to note that all these are located around the periphery of Pittsburgh, except for block group 1 Census tract 509.
9
Humayun & Sherburne
This map presents an alternate visualization of the same data represented on the choropleth maps but using the Kernel Density feature. This map makes it easier to see areas of concentration, and allows for a more in depth analysis of the relationship between the housing units and families with children in Pittsburgh.
10
Humayun & Sherburne
We generated a scatterplot using z-score values of the housing unit locations based on the families with children. This allows us to see the housing locations that are close to the highest number of families with children, which is useful for the fair housing partnership act as these indicate places required for investigation.
11
Humayun & Sherburne
Address
Case Number
Z-Score
2236 E Hills Dr, Pittsburgh, PA, 15221 5837 Darlington Rd, Pittsburgh, PA, 15217 5837 Darlington Rd, Pittsburgh, PA, 15217 5837 Darlington Rd, Pittsburgh, PA, 15217 1723 Wightman St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15217 4840 Harrison St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201 2083 Bentley Dr, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 2083 Bentley Dr, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 5715 Beacon St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15217 1621 Eben St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15226 5660 Munhall Rd, Pittsburgh, PA, 15217 741 Chislett St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206 920 Brookline Blvd, Pittsburgh, PA, 15226 920 Brookline Blvd, Pittsburgh, PA, 15226 255 E Ohio St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212 2850 E Carson St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203 125 Ruth St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15211 5610 Broad St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206 59 Penn Cir W, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206 5260 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232 5620 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232 375 N Craig St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 809 Saint James St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232 4733 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 5614 Walnut St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232 400 N Neville St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 406 N Neville St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 234 Melwood Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 800 S Negley Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232 216 Melwood Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 4628 Bayard St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213
13-1297 13-1288 13-1429 13-1429
0.00000028183 -0.00000000888 -0.00000000888 -0.00000000888 -0.00000002917 -0.00000003450 -0.00000005277 -0.00000005277 -0.00000005359 -0.00000007379 -0.00000009294 -0.00000016445 -0.00000021634 -0.00000021634 -0.00000021651 -0.00000023561 -0.00000026081 -0.00000035228 -0.00000042719 -0.00000044443 -0.00000046297 -0.00000048814 -0.00000049159 -0.00000058124 -0.00000062653 -0.00000063243 -0.00000063471 -0.00000063473 -0.00000063848 -0.00000065441 -0.00000067106
12-1144 12-1239 13-1412 13-1357 12-1238 12-1225 13-1436
12-1129 13-1434
13-1427
Table 1: Z-Scores Table 1 summaries the properties ranked by the number of families with children in Pittsburgh.
12
Humayun & Sherburne
Conclusion Using this data we can discover which housing locations are the most important for families with children within the city of Pittsburgh. This allows the FHP to prioritize which housing locations they are investigating for a fair application process. Using the information we would suggest that the properties at, 1723 Wightman Street, 4840 Harrison Street and 5660 Munhall Rd be added to the Fair Housing Partnership’s list of cases that they are investigating.
13
Humayun & Sherburne
Next Steps This project, for the Fair Housing Partnership of Pittsburgh, is part of a larger body of work for their mission statement. As such, completing and updating these maps would be the logical next steps to this process. These maps would include looking at the non-white population of Allegheny County and Pittsburgh at census tract and block groups respectively, zooming in further into neighborhoods with many housing locations, particularly Oakland. In addition to this, Megan Hammond expressed interest in looking to other counties, namely Marion County and Kanawha County, both of which are located in West Virginia, and doing a similar analysis.
14
Humayun & Sherburne
References The Fair Housing Partnership Of Greater Pittsburgh, Internet URL: http://www.pittsburghfairhousing.org/default.asp
15