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Table of Contents
Introduction……………………………………………….4 About the Author …………………………………….…..5 Dedication…………………………………….…………..6 Section 1: Punctuation and Capitalization…………....7-8 Section 2: Parts of Speech…………………………….9-17 Section 3: Phrases and Clauses…………………..…..18-19 Section 4: Sentences…………………………………...20-22 Section 5: Paragraphs………………………………….23-25 Section 6: Essays……………………………………….26-27 References……………………………………………….28
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Introduction This book is filled with different grammar rules you can expect to use in the future. I incorporated one of the biggest technology companies in the United States of America. It includes the importance of technology. Technology is really important in today’s society. Humans are basically surrounded by technology and this book expresses the popular companies that are currently being used the most.
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About the Author
Hello, My name is George Aguilar. I am a junior at bravo medical Magnet High School. I have a passion about learning about technology. I enjoy learning about the new technology that will shape us in the future. I like learning technology mainly because I want to be involved in this field. Whether it is becoming a developer, inventor, or engineer I would love to be involved in technology in the future.
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Dedication
I would like to dedicate this book to Bill Gates. He is very successful in which he founded Microsoft. Microsoft is the top technology companies in the united States of America. Bill Gates was also a software engineer which is what I hope to pursue in the future.
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Section 1: Punctuation and Capitalization Punctuation – Identify the function and create one (1) example sentence of the uses for each mark. 1. . Period(used to end a sentence) Many people strongly depend most of their life on the different types of technology. 2. , Comma( used to list) Some of the popular systems of technology mainly include phones, computers, tablets, and television. 3. – Em dash ( can take the place of commas, parentheses, or colons) Technology has been extremely useful in the 21 century–rather than– past times and has helped make society more advanced. 4. - En dash(used to represent a span or range of numbers, dates, or time) About 3.8-4 billion people are continuously using the internet today which is a large value. 5. : Colon ( used to introduce a list of items) Some major benefits that mostly make technology critical: speed, efficiency, and agility. 6. ; Semicolon (used between two independent clauses) Technology can cause minor problems that can affect one’s health; it has positive effects that are beneficial. 7. ? Question Mark(used at the end of a direct question) How will the addition of freshly updated technology affect our society in the future ?
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8. ! Exclamation Mark(used in moderation) Limit the vast amount of unnecessary screen time ! 9. ‘ Apostrophe ( used for contractions, plurals, and possessives) Guglielmo Marconi’s invention led to big advancements in technology that were very important. 10. “ ” Quotation marks (used to indicate material that is being reproduced word for word) Isaac Asimov, an American writer, truthfully said,” I do not fear computers, I fear lack of them.” 11.… Ellipses (used to indicate an omission) All of the different areas of technology… have a purpose in making society much more advanced. 12. [ ] Brackets ( used the insertion of editorial material inside quotations) Technology can easily cause negative effects [ eye problems, insomnia, and addiction] in society which may lead to further issues. 13. ( ) Parentheses (allow a writer to provide additional information) The printing press (made by Johannes Gutenberg) rapidly impacted revolutionized society in the 15th century. 14. / Slash (serves as shorthand for per) The average person spends about 4 hours/day on their powerful devices.
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Section 2: Parts of Speech
NOUNS Types of nouns: (list three to five words of each type) · Common Nouns: name a class of people, places, things, or idea. EX: phone, device, engineer, computer, inventor · Proper Nouns: give the name or title of a particular person, place, thing, or idea (must be capitalized). EX: iphone X, Macbook air, Apple watch, Samsung · Compound Nouns: consist of words used together to form a single noun. EX: wireless, network, laptop, microphone · Concrete Nouns: refer to material things, to people, or to places. EX: headphones, speaker, tablet · Abstract Nouns: name ideas, quality, emotions or attitudes. EX: advanced, efficient, modern Functions (How nouns are used): Write one sentence for each function. · Subject (comes before the verb) Apple released its iphone 12 on October 13, 2020. · Direct Object (comes after the verb and answer what or whom) Bob asked the apple representative to fix his macbook that he broke last night. · Indirect Object (answers to who or to whom) The apple representative gave Mary the estimate of the brand new airpods.
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PRONOUNS Pronouns take the place of nouns that have been established. Personal: Nominative (subjects) Objective (objects) I/we me/us you/you you/you He, she, it, one/they him, her, it, one/them Possessive My, mine Your, yours His, her, hers, its, one’s Relative: Nominative who That
our, ours your, yours their, theirs
Objective whom that those/ this
Possessive whose of that
Interrogative: who, which, what, whatever, whoever Reflexive: (personal pronouns plus the suffix –self or –selves) Used only: when the action verb is directed toward the subject of the construction: Alex bought himself an Apple Watch that he has been wanting for a long time. Liz bought herself a brand new tablet. to intensify a point: The representative himself announced the launch of the iPhone 12. Mark believed that he can fix his AirPods himself.
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Demonstrative: this, these
that, those
Indefinite: all, another, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, everywhere, few, many, much, neither, nobody, none, no one, nothing, one, other, several, somebody, someone, such. VERBS Verbs show the time, action, and state of being of a subject. Tense: verbs indicate time via tenses:
simple past past past perfect past progressive simple present present present perfect present progressive present perfect progressive future future perfect
Types: There are at least eleven (11) types of verbs: auxiliary verbs (helping verbs) linking verbs (verbs that do not describe action, but connect the subject of a sentence to other parts of the sentence – usually the predicate) lexical verbs (main verbs) dynamic verbs (indicate action) stative verbs (describe a condition) finitive verbs (indicate tense) nonfinitive verbs (infinitives or participles) regular verbs (weak verbs) irregular verbs (strong verbs) transitive verbs (verbs followed by a direct object) intransitive verbs (verbs that do not take direct objects)
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Voice: Voice is the form of the verb that indicates how it relates or interacts with the action. The English language has two voices: ACTIVE and PASSIVE. Active: The students got their grades in the mail. Passive: The mail has brought the grades to the students. Verbals: (VERB FORMS NOT USED AS VERBS) Gerund: word ending in “ing” used as a noun. · The Apple representatives love helping out their customers on which phone to purchase. Participle: word ending in “ing” or “ed” used as an adjective · There is much talk about the playstation 5 as it is an addicting hobby to many people . · Steve Jobs presented the newly invented iPhone. Infinitive: verb preceded by the word “to” (to go, to jump) used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs · Reece likes to listen to music on his phone. ADJECTIVES Adjectives modify, describe, limit, and identify nouns and pronouns. · Kinds: Demonstrative, Common, Proper (Give one example of each using words related to your subject) Nicole received those discounted games during Black Friday. The costumers observed the different models of the news releases. Apple offers advanced American models that function very12 efficiently.
ADVERBS Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. · Endings (Create one example related to your subject for each) –ly, -wards, -wise He quickly went online to purchase the new Xbox. Jose returned afterwards to get a case for his new iPhone 12. Ana paid for the Apple care otherwise she would pay much more if damaged. · Conversions (Show how three words related to your subject can become adverbs – Example: “Educational” becomes “Educationally”) newly costly greatly · Types: Manner, Frequency, Degree, Place, Time Example Types: (Create one example each related to your subject) Manner – The apple manager gladly assisted his client with his devices. (How did she answer?) Time – Eve immediately rushed to the Apple store to receive a free pair of AirPods . (When will he leave?) Place – John was gladly in line in front of GameStop . (Where was he?) Degree – Mike proudly received employee of the month . (How good is she?) Frequency – Monica is frequently checking in on her clients to see if they need help. (How often is she pleasant?)
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CONJUNCTIONS Coordinating (FANBOYS): for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so Correlative: Either/or; neither/nor; not only/but also; both/and; whether/or; as/so Subordinate: after, though as, as if, as long as, as thought, because, before, if, in order that, provided that, since, so, so that, that, though, till, unless, when, where, whereas, while. Relative pronouns: who (refers to people), which (refers to nonliving object or animals), that (may refer to animals or nonliving objects)
PREPOSITIONS Prepositions link nouns, pronouns, and phrases to other parts of the sentence. Prepositions are NEVER followed by verbs. There are one-word prepositions and complex prepositions. These are some common one-word prepositions: aboard, about, above, according to, across, across from, after, against, along, alongside, alongside of, along with, amid, among, apart from, around, as, as far as, aside from, at, away from, back of, because of, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, but (except), by, by means of, concerning, despite, down, down from, except, except excluding for, for, from, from among, from between, from under, in, in addition to, in behalf of, including, in front of, in place of, in regard to, inside, inside of, in spite of, instead of, into, like, near, near to, notwithstanding, of, off, on, on account of, on behalf of, onto, on top of, opposite, out, out of, outside, outside of, over, over to, owing to, past, prior to, to, toward, under, underneath, until, unto, up, upon, up to, versus, with, within, without.
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INTERJECTIONS Interjections are the final part of speech. Find and copy/paste an alphabetical list of interjections here. aha, ahem, ahh, ahoy, alas, arg, aw B bam, bingo, blah, boo, bravo, brrr C cheers, congratulations D dang, drat, darn, duh E eek, eh, encore, eureka F fiddlesticks G gadzooks, gee, gee whiz, golly, goodbye, goodness, good grief, gosh H ha-ha, hallelujah, hello, hey, hmm, holy buckets, holy cow, holy smokes, hot dog, huh, humph, hurray O oh, oh dear, oh my, oh well, oops, ouch, ow P phew, phooey, pooh, pow R rats S shh, shoo T thanks, there, tut-tut U uh-huh, uh-oh, ugh W wahoo, well, whoa, whoops, wow Y yeah, yes, yikes, yippee, yo, yuck
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Milder
Stronger
Addition
a further and and then then also too next another other nor
further furthermore moreover in addition additionally besides again equally important first, second finally, last
Comparison
just as ... so too a similar another... like
similarly comparable in the same way likewise
Contrast
but yet and yet still otherwise or though but another rather
however still nevertheless on the other hand on the contrary even so notwithstanding for all that in contrast alternatively at the same time though this may be otherwise instead nonetheless conversely
Time
then now soon afterward later shortly earlier recently first, second, third next before after today tomorrow
meanwhile at length presently at last finally immediately thereafter at that time subsequently eventually currently in the meantime in the past in the future
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Purpose
to do this so that
to this end with this object for this purpose for that reason because of this
Place
there here beyond nearby next to
at that point opposite to adjacent to on the other side in the front in the back
Result
so and so then
hence therefore accordingly consequently thus thereupon as a result in consequence
Example
that is specifically in particular for one thing
for example for instance an instance of this this can be seen in
Summary and Emphasis
in sum generally after all by the way in general incidentally naturally I hope at least it seems in brief I suppose
in short on the whole as I said in other words to be sure in fact indeed clearly of course anyway remarkably I think assuredly definitely without doubt for all that on the whole in any event importantly certainly
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SECTION 3 PHRASES and CLAUSES
Phrases – groups of words that function as a part of speech. Noun Phrase: A group of words consisting of nouns or pronouns and their modifiers that function as a noun. Many people were excited about the release of the new features on the new iphone. Verb Phrase: A group of words consisting of verbs working together and that function as a verb. The apple company figured they would be selling out of their new products soon. Prepositional Phrase: A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun, and functions as an adjective or an adverb. The new release of the playstation gamestop worker rushed across the store. Appositive Phrase: A group of words that include all the words that modify an appositive and function as an adjective - IT MUST BE SURROUNDED BY COMMAS. The xbox, the white one, will sell out within the first ten minutes. Verbal Phrases: A group of words that begin with a verbal and ends with a noun. ● Gerund Phrase verb ending in -ing that functions as a noun. Trying to find a book, she finally found out about the ebooks feature. ● Participial Phrase word ending in -ing (present participle) or -ed (past participle) that functions as an adjective. Joe decided to download the most entertaining app. ● Infinitive Phrase verb preceded by the word “to” (to read, to study, to write) that function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. The people realized November was the perfect time to buy their electronic devices.
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CLAUSES Clauses – groups of words with BOTH a subject and a verb that function as parts of speech. There are TWO kinds: Independent and Dependent (called “Subordinate”) INDEPENDENT – CAN stand alone as a complete sentence, known as a simple sentence pattern. Samsung had some competition with other competitive companies. DEPENDENT (SUBORDINATE) – CANNOT stand alone as a complete sentence and MUST begin with a SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION. There are seven (7) kinds: Noun Clause: Used as the noun in a sentence and may function as a subject, a predicate noun, a direct object, an object of a preposition, an indirect object, or an appositive. ○ That the electronics were sold out. Adjective Clause: Used to modify a noun in an independent clause. Some adjective clauses begin with an introductory word: ○ The headphones that you wanted were on sale at many stores. Adverb Clause: Used to modify verbs, adjectives, and adverbs in an independent clause, introduced by a subordinate conjunction and used to indicate time, place, cause, purpose, result, condition, and/or concession. Modifying verbs: ■ Many people left because of the long lines at Best Buy. (purpose) Relative Clauses: Dependent clause that begins with a relative pronoun. ○ The first five people in line will receive a 50% discount on all electronic products. Elliptical Clauses: Adverb clauses in which part of the clause is omitted. ○ When purchasing the item, it is important to verify the functions of the device. Essential Clauses: Clauses necessary to the meaning of the sentence. ○ The old devices that were used long ago will probably be worth more in the future. Nonessential Clauses: Clauses that are NOT necessary to the meaning of the sentence. ○ The new technology company, which was started a year ago, made a vast amount of sales.
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SECTION 4 : Sentences
SENTENCES Sentence – a set of words that contains a subject and a predicate and conveys a statement, command, question, or an exclamation.
Sentence Parts Subject – what/who the sentence is about The Honors English students patiently learned about writing sentences. T-Mobile made a vast amount of revenue last year compared to this year. Predicate – what the subject does The Honors English students patiently learned about writing sentences. T-Mobile made a vast amount of revenue last year compared to this year.
Sentence Types Declarative – a sentence that makes a statement (ends with a period mark) The apple watch was a very popular product in 2020 out of all the other years. Imperative – a sentence that makes a command (ends with a period mark) Go purchase the apple watch right now. Interrogative – a sentence that asks a question (ends with a question mark) What features make the apple watch so popular ? Exclamatory – a sentence that expresses great emotion, passion, excitement (ends with an exclamation mark) The apple watch was sold out within weeks when it was released!
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Sentence Patterns Simple Sentence: A sentence that is just one independent clause. The Airpods by Apple were a favorable accessory in 2020. Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses, but no dependent clauses - connected by FANBOYS (coordinating conjunctions) or a semicolon (;). The macbooks were one of the most successful products, but the iphone was the top product that gained the most revenue.
Complex Sentence: A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. When the iphone was released, it grew its popularity gaining a large amount of revenue. Complex-Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. Whether you agree or not, Apple gained more revenue, but other companies still make reasonable profits. Loose Sentence: A sentence that contains an independent clause plus a subordinate construction (either a clause or phrase) with your main point at the beginning. The playstation 5 is rare, no matter where you go, they are sold out everywhere.
Periodic Sentence: A sentence in which the independent clause is given at the end of the sentence in order to create interest or generate suspense with the main point coming at the end. No matter where you go, they are sold out everywhere. Parallel Structure: A sentence using the same pattern of two or more verbs or ideas that match in tense or structure to show that they are of equal importance and to help the reader comprehend what is being written - this sentence requires symmetry. The apple watch’s goal is to offer texting features, to offer health features, and to provide other beneficial features. Balanced Sentence: A sentence where phrases or clauses at the beginning and the end parallel each other by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning, or length - this sentence requires symmetry. All phones all have positive features that impact many people, but have negative features. Chiasmus: A sentence that includes a repetition of ideas (words, phrases, or clauses) in inverted (reversed) order - this sentence requires symmetry. Apple is a very successful company and it takes hard work for success. Asyndeton: A sentence that leaves out conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose. The founders of Apple exhibit hard work, grit, dedication. Polysyndeton: A sentence that uses multiple conjunctions in close proximity to each other between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose. The founders of Apple exhibit hard work, grit, and dedication. Anaphora: A sentence that features the purposeful repetition of a word, words, or a phrase at the beginning of several successive clauses in order to place emphasis and draw attention. For most people, selecting a phone can be the easiest choice, while for some people it can be very difficult, but it is a much useful decision in one’s life. Epistrophe: A sentence featuring several phrases or clauses ending with the same word or words. Customers often purchase first an inexpensive device , then purchase an expensive device, then a very expensive device.
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Sentence Errors Run-On/Rambling/Fused Sentence – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly without punctuation. The apple company wanted to expand their company they are amongst the top 10 best companies in the world are gaining major profit. [WRONG] The apple company wanted to expand their company BECAUSE they are amongst the top 10 best companies in the world and ARE gaining major profit. [RIGHT]
Comma Splice – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly using commas The customers in line at Sprint were getting frustrated, they had been waiting for four hours. [WRONG] The customers in line at Sprint were getting frustrated. They had been waiting for four hours. [RIGHT]
Fragment – incomplete sentence pieces that are not connected to or do not form an independent clause Because the store was closed. [WRONG] Because the store was closed, the customers had to camp outside for . [RIGHT] Misplaced/Dangling Modifiers – modifiers are words, phrases, or clauses that add description; a misplaced modifier describes the wrong part of a sentence and a dangling modifier is missing the part it’s supposed to modify \ At the store, the worker gave a phone to the customer that was cracked. [WRONG] At the store, the worker gave a phone that was cracked to the customer. [RIGHT] Double Negative – combining two or more negative words in a sentence in a way that is supposed to produce a positive force Mike saw that purchasing the old iphone wouldn’t do him no good. [WRONG] Mike saw that purchasing the old iphone wouldn’t do him any good.[RIGHT]
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SECTION 5: Paragraphs
PARAGRAPHS Paragraphs – a group of sentences that together convey a shared purpose structured around the same topic. Introductory Paragraphs (Introductions) Hook (Lead) Anecdotal (Brief story to set the mood and intro the topic) Ex. Many people have had to face many decisions in their life. They may have to face whether they want to work things out or go against something. This is known as deciding whether to choose to compete or cooperate. These decisions affect the type of relationships people have at home, work, and ect. Knowing the right time of when to cooperate and when to compete will develop healthy relationships with others. Query Based (Question that brings the reader to the topic) Ex. Does knowing when to cooperate and when to compete really benefit humans? Thesis Statements (the purpose of a piece of writing – usually one sentence in length, but can be longer depending on the purpose – must be something that is arguable) Assertion (claim) Ex. Finding the right balance between cooperating and competing is important. Fact (empirically verifiable but often difficult to argue extensively about) Ex. Most people do not know how to balance competing and cooperating. Opinion (personal position on a topic) Ex. Competing is always the best method when approaching things. Belief (social, religious, or political in nature – an opinion held by many to be a fact, though it is not necessarily factual) Ex. Knowing you shouldn’t compete in a situation, but still do, is wrong. Generalization (uses absolute or statistical pronouns: all, always, every, never, none, most, half – avoid using this type of thesis statement unless citing the source of the data) Ex. It is important to always think in choosing which method to approach certain situations. Document Based (cites a specific source and its position on a topic) Ex. In Friend and Foe: When to cooperate, when to compete, and when to do both, Galinsky and states how to find the right balance in deciding efficiently whether competing and cooperating. Theory (a statement that can be tested and potentially proven) Ex. Deciding to compete can lead to depression in some people.
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Clarification/Expansion of Thesis (could extend the thesis, preview the evidence supporting the thesis, give the purpose of thesis, establish the importance or significance of examining the intricacies of the thesis – this could be several sentences long) Ex. Galinsky and Schweitzer analyze many experiments that lead them in determining their main idea of finding the right balance of both methods. They use data from credible sources to support their claims. (preview of evidence) Ex. The authors provide disturbing examples that will encourage people to balance in competing and cooperating.. (purpose of thesis) Ex. This information about learning how to be competitive and cooperate will better our understanding different environments. (establishing the importance or significance of thesis) Body Paragraphs (must have echoes of the thesis in each AND present evidence to support or expand on the thesis) Topic Sentences (must specifically indicate the topic of the paragraph and focus on one subject and/or area of evidence or support – could start with a “Transition of Logic” that connects to the previous paragraph to give context) Ex. Additionally, multiple sources indicate that the decisions we make impact our relationships . (Now every sentence in this paragraph must be related to the connection between fast food and health) Presenting Evidence from Quotations (quotes should NEVER be used as individual sentences – quotes should be embedded within sentences) ORIGINAL QUOTE – “ A man stumbles across an old lamp” (Galinksy Schweitzer 37). Ex. Several researchers agree, “A man stumbles across an old lamp” (Galinksy Schweitzer 37). Ex. “A man stumbles across an old lamp” according to several researchers (Galinksy Schweitzer 37). Ex. Unfortunately for patrons, “A man stumbles across an old lamp,” according to several researchers (Galinksy Schweitzer 37). Ex. Unfortunately for patrons, “A man stumbles across an old lamp” (Galinksy Schweitzer 37). Ex. Unfortunately for patrons, “A man … [s]umbles …across an old lamp” (Galinksy Schweitzer 37). Examining the Evidence Paraphrasing (rewording of a quote into other words of the same length without quotation marks, but still citing the source - useful for examining the quote and transitioning to your analysis of the quote) ORIGINAL QUOTE – “ Those with the most power lead, those with the least power follow.” (Galinksy Schweitzer 37) Ex. PARAPHRASE – People with less power follow the people with a lot of power. (Galinsky Schweitzer 37). Summarizing (condensing larger quotes or sections - useful for closing the examination of the quote/evidence and transitioning to your analysis of the quote) ORIGINAL QUOTE – People with less power follow the people with a lot of power. (Galinsky Schweitzer 37). Ex. SUMMARY – Less powerful people follow the powerful.
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Abstract Examples (hypothetical, “what if” examples that do not refer to a source – AVOID USING THEM AS EVIDENCE – but useful for examining the quote) Ex. People might lose confidence if they follow others. Concrete Examples (actual examples that do refer to a source – useful for enhancing your analysis of the quote) Ex. According to Frank Dobin’s data, women in top management help increase the probability of other women gaining the same opportunity. Closing Sentences (must end the discussion of the topic within the paragraph with a transitional or culminating word – possibly an adverb – and should echo the thesis of the essay) Ex. Clearly, knowing the right balance will make you an efficient coopeerater and fierce competitor.
Closing Paragraphs (Conclusions – should not be mere summaries of the previous paragraphs of your essay) Consequences of Disregarding the Thesis (establishing the potential consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – CREATING A COUNTERARGUMENT – could be one or more sentences) Ex. If humans didn’t identify the right balance, then there would be unhealthy relationships. Statement(s) of Extension (extending the consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – could be one or more sentences) Ex. As such, cooperating and competing is very essential to society because without this knowledge, then it would bring chaos. Reestablishing the Significance of the Thesis (could be one or more sentences) Ex. Thus, it may be difficult to identify the right time of when to use these methods. It is highly important that us as humans identify when and when not to use it.. Final Sentence (connects to the hook and finishes the essay – the “Smoky the Bear”/”Drop the mic”/dot dot dot moment…) Ex. So maybe the decisions we make afterall are not beneficial after all...
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Section: 6 ESSAYS Essays – An essay is a portion of writing based on a certain topic. Types – Persuasive (Argumentative) - A persuasive essay is meant to prove a certain point
and convince the reader to be on your side. Expository (Informative)- An expository essay is to provide specific details on a certain topic. Definition or Description- A descriptive essay describes something, some place, some experience, or some situation through sensory information. Process (How-to) -A process essay explains or shows a process of making or doing something. Compare and Contrast- A comparison essay makes comparison and contrasts between two things. A cause and effect essay finds out the cause of something and then its effects on something else. Cause and Effect- A problem/solution essay presents a problem and its solution for readers. Analytical/Critical - An analytical essay analyzes something from different perspectives. Evaluative - essay that requires a certain criteria based on a specific subject. Interpretive - essay in which the writer is interpreting another piece of work. Narrative (Tells a story)- A narrative essay is a narration like a short story. It is,
however, different from a short story in that it is written in an essay format. Personal Statement/Anecdote Research - A research essay revolves around a research question that is meant
to answer some specific question through a research of the relevant literature.
Timed -these essays are to be done in a specific time period. Document Based Question (DBQ) - short essays that require knowledge from credible sources. Synthesis is a combination of different components to form a whole.
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Strategies/Planning Tips/Steps – Explain how to plan and organize essays and how to analyze and break down prompts. Pre-writing/Prompt Analysis/Outlining - it is the first step in the writing process, which can be used through outlining, editing, diagramming, and storyboarding. Researching/Evaluating of Sources - primary or secondary sources Work Cited Page – Explain and give an example of how to set up a works cited entry in both MLA and APA formats - there are subtle differences between each format, so be sure to identify them clearly. MLA Format 1. Author. 2. Title of source. 3. Title of container, 4. Other contributors, 5. Version, 6. Number, 7. Publisher, 8. Publication date, 9. Location. Ex: Oldham, Cydni. “Types of Essay - Examples and Definition Types of Essay.” Literary Devices, 23 Mar. 2017, literarydevices.net/types-of-essay.
APA Format ● All text should be double-spaced ● Use one-inch margins on all sides ● All paragraphs in the body are indented ● Make sure that the title is centered on the page with your name and school/institution underneath ● Use 12-point font throughout ● All pages should be numbered in the upper right hand corner ● The manual recommends using one space after most punctuation marks ● A shortened version of the title (“running head”) should be placed in the upper left hand corner Ex:. Oldham, C. (2017, March 23). Types of Essay - Examples and Definition Types of Essay. Literary Devices. https://literarydevices.net/types-of-essay/
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References
Lab, Purdue Writing. “MLA Formatting and Style Guide //.” Purdue Writing Lab, owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_formatting_and_style_guide/ mla_formatting_and_style_guide.html. Accessed 16 Dec. 2020. Oldham, Cydni. “Types of Essay - Examples and Definition Types of Essay.” Literary Devices, 23 Mar. 2017, literarydevices.net/types-of-essay. Hashemi, Monica Rodman;Sarah. “The Washington Post: Breaking News, World, US, DC News and Analysis.” Washington Post, www.washingtonpost.com. Accessed 16 Dec. 2020.
---. “MLA Style Introduction //.” Purdue Writing Lab, owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_style_introduction.html. Accessed 16 Dec. 2020.
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