The MegaTen Book of Writing By : Francisco Jimenez
series.staresomeGrowingassignmentTostartoff,whydidIwritethisbook?Ioriginallysawthisasjustanothertodo.However,itsoonturnedouttobeapassionprojectofsorts.up,IhadtwoparentswhohadadecentgraspoftheEnglishlanguage.Becauseofthis,Ihadaprettyfirmunderstandingoflanguage.WhileIdidhaveadvancedvocabularyatmydisposal,Ineverreallyunderstoodthedifferentpartsthatwentintomakingsentences.Askingmewhata¨clause¨drewablankfromme.Butafterdoingthisbookofwriting,Iamnowabletomaneuverthemoretechnicalaspectsoflanguage.IchosetheMegaTenseriesasthethemeforthisduetomyadmirationoftheIgrewuponRPGsandnoothergamedrewmeinasMegaTendid.IenjoyallofthegamesfromShinMegamiTensei,DevilSummoner,andPersona.Thesegamesheavilydealwithchoiceandideologies,becauseofthis(asridiculousasitmightsound)myworldviewislooselybasedaroundthechoicespresentedandIhavemadeinthesegames.Inparticular,ShinMegamiTenseimoreorlessdealswiththeentireworldandhumanity´sdilemmas.WhilePersonadealswiththeindividualandwhatpersonalrelationshipsareworth.ThesegameshelpedtopassthetimeduringquarantineandIhavemetgreatpeoplebecauseofthem.Ifanyoneactuallyreadsthis,Ihighlyrecommendthesegames.ThemoreaccessibleonesbeingthePersonagames.Ifyoudon'thaveaconsole,youcanturntoyoutubegameplayvideosasthePersonagamesareknowntobemorenarrative-driven. Introduction
My name is Francisco Jimenez. I was born on February 21st, 2005. I am the oldest of two siblings (myself included). Growing up, I found myself interested in many things but my enjoyment and passion for them diminished quickly. I am currently a student at Francisco Bravo Medical Magnet High School. While most of the time I am ¨living in the moment¨ I do want to study engineering after High School. Growing up, I simply read and wrote whatever was assigned to me. I didn't care much for reading and writing. This changed when I read ¨Diary of a Young Girl¨, introduced to me by my 4th-grade teacher. The book set in motion my interest in books about war. From the perspective of the civilians, the victims, and the combatants. I enjoyed the books because they are versatile in a way. The war/conflict could be the main focus of the book, highlighting atrocities and the consequences it produces. Or the conflict can be used to amplify a point or theme the author is trying to establish. Or it could be a memoir of sorts, laying the foundation to uncover what really took place. I believe that these ideas translated into my writing capabilities. In that these books gave me an example to follow when I write. Nowadays, I am still very much curious about the messages of any piece of literature I may read, either assigned to or of my own volition.
About the Author
Punctuation and Capitalization
(?) Ends an interrogative sentence. What does one do with the absent throne of creation? (!) Ends an exclamatory sentence. I captured my first demon through negotiation!
(;) Semicolon used to link two sentences together. The team fumbled too many times; we lost the game.
(‘) Is a contraction and possession. The Nahobino’s powers are unlike any other protagonist's powers.
(“ ”) A quotation mark. "You don't need to save the world to find the meaning of life... Sometimes, all you need is something simple, like someone to take care of." (…) Ellipsis, to indicate something is unsaid/removed.
(,) Comma, Used to separate clauses and phrases. Commas can also be used as a sort of pause as if it were spoken aloud. Finally, commas are utilized in cases such as a location, date, or references. The Shin Megami Tensei games usually have three routes to choose from, law, chaos, and neutral
(/) Backslash. Used to show a break in a sentence, can also show an option. The creatures in the MeganTen series can be referred as demons/personas/shadows
(.) Period, The end of a sentence. Shin Megami Tensei is a roleplaying game
[ ] Brackets, insertion of information. “He [the summoner] did not advise me about that demon.”
( ) Parentheses, parenthetical. He was told about the demon (Surt) in addition to the puzzles.
(—) Em dash Can be used to add detail or extra information. Shin Megami Tensei V takes place in two Tokyos—both are real, despite what the angels will tell you on their worst days.
(-) En dash, to represent a span or range of numbers, dates, or time. Shin Megami Tensei was thought to have begun development during 1990-1991 (:) Colon used to precede a list of items, a quotation, or an expansion or explanation.
EX: Comma (used to switch words around in a list) – One is able to get an edge in battle by using the following buffs, Tarunda, Rakukaja, and CapitalizationSukuaja.–
6. Capitalize most words in titles. All Quiet on the Western Front
4. Capitalize Days, Months, and Holidays, But Not Seasons.
2. Capitalize names and other proper nouns. Mark and Emily were working on the physics experiment. Don’t capitalize after a colon. The teacher had decided on what to do: she added 10 more minutes to recess before English class.
3.
EX: (Used to begin a sentence) – With times as turbulent as they are now, there's been no shortage of an apocalypse-like event coming.
5. If the start of a quote is the beginning of an independent clause, capitalize the first letter. Like Martin Luther King Jr. once said, “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.”
1. Capitalize the first letter of each sentence. The child has been told not to put the book in his mouth.
TypesNOUNSofnouns: Nouns: name a class of people, places, things, or ideas. EX: demon, summoner, archangels Nouns: give the name or title of a particular person, place, thing, or idea (must be capitalized). EX: Jack Frost, Arsene ,Sarasvati, Kali, Flynn, Vincent Nouns: consist of words used together to form a single noun.
EX: , moonlight, teenager, bystander Nouns: refer to material things, to people, or to places.
·
EX:
Abstract Nouns: name ideas, qualities, concepts, emotions, or attitudes.
· Compound
·
· Concrete
Parts of Speech
· Proper
·
Direct Object (comes after the verb and answers what or whom) Flynn answered to the demon´s request Indirect Object (answers to who or to whom)
·
EX: inspiration, admirable, achieve, dread, Functions (How nouns are used): Subject (comes before the verb) The demon was not captured.
· Common
Reflexive: (personal pronouns plus the suffix –self or –selves)
Used only: when the action verb is directed toward the subject of the construction: Flynn had walked himself into an ambush. to intensify a point: Observing the quiet castle, Akria found himself in a daunting situation. Demonstrative: this, these that, those Indefinite: all, another, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, everywhere, few, many, much, neither, nobody, none, no one, nothing, one, other, several, somebody, someone, such.
Pronouns
finitive verbs (indicate tense)
stative verbs (describe a condition)
Verbs show the time, action, and state of being of a subject.
transitive verbs (verbs followed by a direct object)
linking verbs (verbs that do not describe action, but connect the subject of a sentence to other parts of the sentence – usually the predicate)
Tense: verbs indicate time via tenses: simple past past past perfect past progressive simple present present present perfect present progressive present perfect progressive future future perfect
Verbs
lexical verbs (main verbs) dynamic verbs (indicate action)
nonfinitive verbs (infinitives or participles)
intransitive verbs (verbs that do not take direct objects)
There are at least eleven (11) types of verbs: auxiliary verbs (helping verbs)
regular verbs (weak verbs) irregular verbs (strong verbs)
Conversions: rare” becomes rarely, “to” becomes “towards”, “like” becomes “likewise”
Adjectives modify, describe, limit, and identify nouns and pronouns.
·
· Flynn was considering the option of running away.
Passive: The butterfly mask in a way ¨ wore ¨ Philemon.
· Makoto went to check on his injured teammates.
Aigis armed herself for the next wave of shadows.
Voice: Voice is the form of the verb that indicates how it relates or interacts with the action. The English language has two voices: ACTIVE and PASSIVE.
Verbals: (VERB FORMS NOT USED AS VERBS)
· When he was negotiating with Jack Frost, he was suddenly attacked.
Participle: word ending in “ing” or “ed” used as an adjective
Gerund: word ending in “ing” used as a noun.
Kinds: Demonstrative, Common, Proper (Mysterious, violent, mindful, resourceful, intimidating, difficult) ADVERBS Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.
Infinitive: verb preceded by the word “to” (to go, to jump) used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs
ADJECTIVES
·
Active: The boy and his acquaintance stumbled in the netherworld.
Endings: –ly, -wards, -wise
·
·
·
ADVERBS
Coordinating (FANBOYS): for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
Correlative: Either/or; neither/nor; not only/but also; both/and; whether/or; as/so
·
Subordinate: after, though as, as if, as long as, as thought, because, before, if, in order that, provided that, since, so, so that, that, though, till, unless, when, where, whereas, while
· Types: Manner, Frequency, Degree, Place, Time
Example Types: (Create one example each related to your subject)
Endings: ly, wards, wise
Manner They quickly got to the netherworld after the disaster. Time –She immediately went to the science museum when the meeting was over. Place – The Nahobino was sighted in the Da´at section of the world.
Degree It was disappointing to find nothing valuable after confronting Matador. Frequency – He comes to work everyday. CONJUNCTIONS
Relative pronouns: who (refers to people), which (refers to nonliving object or animals), that (may refer to animals or nonliving objects)
Conversions: rare” becomes rarely, “to” becomes “towards”, “like” becomes “likewise”
Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.
Prepositions are NEVER followed by verbs. There are one-word prepositions and complex prepositions. These are some common one word prepositions: aboard, about, above, according to, across, across from, after, against, along, alongside, alongside of, along with, amid, among, apart from, around, as, as far as, aside from, at, away from, back of, because of, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, but (except), by, by means of, concerning, despite, down, down from, except, except excluding for, for, from, from among, from between, from under, in, in addition to, in behalf of, including, in front of, in place of, in regard to, inside, inside of, in spite of, instead of, into, like, near, near to, notwithstanding, of, off, on, on account of, on behalf of, onto, on top of, opposite, out, out of, outside, outside of, over, over to, owing to, past, prior to, to, toward, under, underneath, until, unto, up, upon, up to, versus, with, within, without.
Prepositions link nouns, pronouns, and phrases to other parts of the sentence.
PREPOSITIONS
P phew, phooey, pooh, pow R rats
W wahoo, well, whoa, whoops, wow Y yeah, yes, yikes, yippee, yo, yuck
T thanks, there, tut tut U uh huh, uh oh, ugh
H ha-ha, hallelujah, hello, hey, hmm, holy buckets, holy cow, holy smokes, hot dog, huh, humph, hurray O oh, oh dear, oh my, oh well, oops, ouch, ow
INTERJECTIONS Interjections are the final part of speech.
A aha, ahem, ahh, ahoy, alas, arg, aw B bam, bingo, blah, boo, bravo, brrr
G gadzooks, gee, gee whiz, golly, goodbye, goodness, good grief, gosh
S shh, shoo
C cheers, congratulations D dang, drat, darn, duh E eek, eh, encore, eureka F fiddlesticks
DEPENDENT (SUBORDINATE) CANNOT stand alone as a complete sentence and MUST begin with a SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION There are seven (7) kinds:
The cautious crew had warned of a mechanical error.
CLAUSES
Appositive Phrase: A group of words that include all the words that modify an appositive and function as an adjective IT MUST BE SURROUNDED BY COMMAS.
Noun Phrase: A group of words consisting of nouns or pronouns and their modifiers that function as a noun.
Participial Phrase word ending in ing (present participle) or ed (past participle) that functions as an adjective.
Phrases groups of words that function as a part of speech.
Infinitive Phrase verb preceded by the word “to” (to read, to study, to write) that function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.
Prepositional Phrase: A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun, and functions as an adjective or an adverb.
Ms Marisol was warmly welcomed aboard the cruise ship
Verbal Phrases: A group of words that begin with a verbal and ends with a noun.
Gerund Phrase verb ending in ing that functions as a noun.
The STAR program students quickly left the abandoned lab. Some of the crew members knew it was time to start the drill.
Verb Phrase: A group of words consisting of verbs working together and that function as a verb.
John Walker, a new designer, worked diligently to improve the spacecraft
Clauses groups of words with BOTH a subject and a verb that function as parts of speech. There are TWO kinds: Independent and Dependent (called “Subordinate”)
The interns knew they would be working hard this weekend.
INDEPENDENT CAN stand alone as a complete sentence, known as a simple sentence pattern. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is a part of the United States federal government.
Essential Clauses: Clauses necessary to the meaning of the sentence. The electrical department seems to favor this method more than the others demonstrated.
Nonessential Clauses: Clauses that are NOT necessary to the meaning of the sentence.
The data showed something rather unusual than one would expect. (condition) The first one to make a mistake gets to pay for the supplies When accelerating, the passengers usually brace themselves
The youth program, which started a year and a half ago, is going to end soon.
Elliptical Clauses: Adverb clauses in which part of the clause is omitted.
Relative Clauses: Dependent clause that begins with a relative pronoun.
Right as it hit 3pm, everyone stopped what they were doing (time) We went to the backroom, for more spare parts (purpose) They had warned us of the heat, the heat could be overwhelming to the craft(condition)
That the superintendent was satisfied when the propeller was finally done. The intent of what he had for supplies. This is the facility where you will be working for the month. (“where” is an introductory word)
Tina is the player whom he shyly challenged to a duel. (whom is the direct object of challenged.)
Adjective Clause: Used to modify a noun in an independent clause. Some adjective clauses begin with an introductory word: Some adjective clauses begin with relative pronouns: Adverb Clause: Used to modify verbs, adjectives, and adverbs in an independent clause, introduced by a subordinate conjunction and used to indicate time, place, cause, purpose, result, condition, and/or concession.
There are the research papers that I absolutely needed.
Where he finished the compartment. To respond to them quickly
Noun Clause: Used as the noun in a sentence and may function as a subject, a predicate noun, a direct object, an object of a preposition, an indirect object, or an appositive.
Modifying verbs: Modifying adjectives:
The report that you wanted is clearly within your grasp.
The recommendation letter to which you refer has sadly been lost. (which is the object of the preposition to.)
Hector is an athlete who easily shrugs off criticism. (who is the subject of shrugs.) They are working on it in the Johnson Hall. (place)
In our reports, it is suggested that we need run more tests. (that is the direct object of want)
Micheal was the one who got the promotion (ONE is the antecedent of WHO and is modified by the adjective clause.)
There goes the engineer who always goes to room 112 (ENGINEER is the antecedent of whose and is modified by the adjective clause.)
Elliptical Clauses: Adverb clauses in which part of the clause is omitted. Nonessential Clauses: Clauses that are NOT necessary to the meaning of the sentence.
The data showed something rather unusual than one would expect. (condition) The first one to make a mistake gets to pay for the supplies When accelerating, the passengers usually brace themselves
The youth program, which started a year and a half ago, is going to end soon.
Relative Clauses: Dependent clause that begins with a relative pronoun.
Essential Clauses: Clauses necessary to the meaning of the sentence. The electrical department seems to favor this method more than the others demonstrated.
Declarative – a sentence that makes a statement (ends with a period mark)
Being able to deduce when to use buffs and aliments is crucial to winning a battle.
Sentence Parts
Exclamatory
Imperative – a sentence that makes a command (ends with a period mark) Learn to negotiate with demons more effectively.
Subject – what/who the sentence is about Vincent waits for his meeting to come. Predicate – what the subject does Vincent waits for his meeting to come.
Sentence a set of words that contains a subject and a predicate and conveys a statement, command, question, or an exclamation.
Sentences
a sentence that expresses great emotion, passion, excitement (ends with an exclamation mark) I leveled up!
Interrogative a sentence that asks a question (ends with a question mark) Why wouldn't you give up 1,900 credits for a Soma?
Sentence Types
Loose Sentence: A sentence that contains an independent clause plus a subordinate construction (either a clause or phrase) with your main point at the beginning.
Chiasmus: A sentence that includes a repetition of ideas (words, phrases, or clauses) in inverted (reversed) order - this sentence requires symmetry.
Balanced Sentence: A sentence where phrases or clauses at the beginning and the end parallel each other by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning, or length - this sentence requires symmetry.
Bravo students make the school what it is and it would be nothing without them.
Parallel Structure: A sentence using the same pattern of two or more verbs or ideas that match in tense or structure to show that they are of equal importance and to help the reader comprehend what is being written - this sentence requires symmetry.
Complex-Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.
Whether you plan ahead or not, most assignments for school get done, but they can take up a lot of time.
College is going to change your life, no matter what you major in or how long it takes you to finish.
Many projects for school take up time, but they all can be finished.
Bravo students tend to work hard, to stay awake at night, and to succeed where others fail.
Periodic Sentence: A sentence in which the independent clause is given at the end of the sentence in order to create interest or generate suspense with the main point coming at the end. No matter what you major in or how long it takes, college will change your life.
Complex Sentence: A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. When you set up a plan, school work can regularly get done on time.
Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses, but no dependent clauses - connected by FANBOYS (coordinating conjunctions) or a semicolon (;).
Bravo students spend their days turning old assignments in and taking new assignments home.
Bravo students so often spend their days talking for school, their nights working for school, their breaks thinking about school that it sometimes can feel like they live only for school.
Anaphora: A sentence that features the purposeful repetition of a word, words, or a phrase at the beginning of several successive clauses in order to place emphasis and draw attention.
For so many people, high school can be the best time of their lives, while for others high school is the worst part of their lives, but most will agree that high school can feel like the longest part of their lives.
Epistrophe: A sentence featuring several phrases or clauses ending with the same word or words.
Polysyndeton: A sentence that uses multiple conjunctions in close proximity to each other between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose.
Bravo students typically exhibit studiousness and tenacity and grit and, ultimately, excellence.
Asyndeton: A sentence that leaves out conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose.
Bravo students typically exhibit studiousness, tenacity, grit, excellence.
Sentence Errors
.
The students wanted to stop working on their English project they needed to do work for other classes they had no time. [WRONG]
Because the students had no time, they had to work faster. [RIGHT]
The students wanted to stop working on their English project BECAUSE they needed to do work for other classes AND they had no time. [RIGHT]
At the team barbeque, the coach gave a steak that was medium rare to the student. [RIGHT]
Because the students had no time. [WRONG]
Modifiers – modifiers are words, phrases, or clauses that add description; a misplaced modifier describes the wrong part of a sentence and a dangling modifier is missing the part it’s supposed to modify
Comma Splice a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly using commas
The students wanted to stop working on their English project, they needed to do work for other classes, they had no time. [WRONG]
Fragment – incomplete sentence pieces that are not connected to or do not form an independent clause
Misplaced/Dangling
At the team barbeque, the coach gave a steak to the student that was medium rare. [WRONG]
The students wanted to stop working on their English project. They needed to do work for other classes; they had no time. [RIGHT]
Run-On/Rambling/Fused Sentence – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly without punctuation
Assertion (claim a subject + a “so what” about the subject)
When you consider the sheer amount of titles in Atlus' Megami Tensei series, it's even more amazing. So, what exactly is Nocturne, and how does it differentiate itself from the plethora of other PlayStation 2 RPGs?
Ex. Nocturne has a 75% on metacritic.
Ex. Shin Megami Tensei has three very distinct endings.
Fact (empirically verifiable but often difficult to argue extensively about better used as evidence to support a claim)
Paragraphs a group of sentences that together convey a shared purpose structured around the same topic.
Ex. I believe that 75% is too low of a score for a game like Nocturne.
Query Based (Question that brings the reader to the topic avoid second person POV “you”)
Thesis Statements (the purpose of a piece of writing usually one sentence in length, but can be longer depending on the purpose must be something that is arguable)
Introductory Paragraphs (Introductions)
Ex. What makes SMT Nocturne different from other RPGs?
Hook (Lead / Opening Statement) can begin with the title Anecdotal (Brief story to set the mood and lead the reader into the topic)
Ex Nocturne offers a very dark tone, even more so than other MegaTen games.
Opinion (personal position on a topic)
Belief (social, religious, or political in nature an opinion held by many to be a fact, though it is not necessarily factual often involves a judgement)
Paragraphs
Ex. It's difficult to think of many games that are comparable to Shin Megami Tensei Nocturne. Even if you looked through the whole Atlus catalog, you'd be hard pushed to find another title that rivals Nocturne in terms of tone, story type, and themes.
Topic Sentences (must specifically indicate the topic of the paragraph and focus on one subject and/or area of evidence or support – could start with a “Transition of Logic” that connects to the previous paragraph to give context) (Now every sentence in this paragraph must be related to the connection between fast food and health)
Clarification/Expansion of Thesis (could extend the thesis, preview the evidence supporting the thesis, give the purpose of thesis, establish the importance or significance of examining the intricacies of the thesis –this could be several sentences long)
Presenting Evidence from Quotations (quotes should NEVER be used as individual sentences – quotes should be embedded within sentences)
Generalization (uses absolute or statistical pronouns: all, always, every, never, none, most, half avoid using this type of thesis statement unless citing the source of the data)
Ex. All games like SMT are inherently anti-religion.
Document Based (cites a specific source, author, and position on a topic)
Ex. In an interview with Kaneko (a developer for the smt games) he is asked, ¨ Theory (a statement that can be tested and potentially proven - often answers a research question)
Body Paragraphs (must have echoes of the thesis in each AND present evidence to support or expand on the thesis)
ORIGINAL QUOTE – “MegaTen is all about ordinary lives becoming inconceivably unordinary, it has to be connected to modern society somehow. To accomplish that, we often adapt concepts theorized in cutting-edge science into the game. At the same time, though, a huge number of gods and demons from all over the world appear in MegaTen. They too have a close relationship with our lives, but it’s more from a folkloric standpoint-you might consider that to be the analog approach, as opposed to the digital approach of science. We lay the foundation of the games by tying science and folklore-two seemingly incompatible approaches-together with philosophy. That’s what makes the Megaten settings unique.” (Kaneko). .
ORIGINAL QUOTE –“MegaTen is all about ordinary lives becoming inconceivably unordinary, it has to be connected to modern society somehow. To accomplish that, we often adapt concepts theorized in cuttingedge science into the game. At the same time, though, a huge number of gods and demons from all over the world appear in MegaTen. They too have a close relationship with our lives, but it’s more from a folkloric standpointyou might consider that to be the analog approach, as opposed to the digital approach of science. We lay the foundation of the games by tying science and folklore-two seemingly incompatible approaches-together with philosophy. That’s what makes the Megaten settings unique.” (Kaneko).
Paraphrasing (rewording of a quote into other words of the same length without quotation marks, but still citing the source - useful for examining the quote and transitioning to your analysis of the quote)
Ex. SUMMARY – It's about player choice.
Examining the Evidence
ORIGINAL QUOTE – “As with many RPGs, progressing through the game selecting mostly positive choices, yes over no, will naturally lead you towards Law; think a little harder about your choices and how they might impact the world and conversely, you may end up following the path of Chaos. I feel like many players these days test out the negative choice first, which might account for the number of players which remained neutral through the game. ¨ Paraphrase: People tend to start out testing the waters in rpgs by selecting only positive choices. Then they started thinking more methodically and ended up on a different route Summarizing (condensing larger quotes or sections useful for closing the examination of the quote/evidence and transitioning to your analysis of the quote)
Abstract Examples (hypothetical, “what if” examples that do not refer to a source AVOID USING THEM AS EVIDENCE – but useful for examining the quote) Ex. People might lose interest in playing the same route.
Concrete Examples (actual examples that do refer to a source – useful for enhancing your analysis of the quote)
Closing Sentences (must end the discussion of the topic within the paragraph with a transitional or culminating word possibly an adverb and should echo the thesis of
Consequences of Disregarding the Thesis (establishing the potential consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – CREATING A
COUNTERARGUMENT could be one or more sentences)
Ex. Thus, as there are many other RPGs, I highly recommend SMT: Nocturne for it;;s themes and raw gameplay.
Ex. There are so many other RPGs that explore the themes of SMT much deeper. Statement(s) of Extension (extending the consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis could be one or more sentences) Ex. SMT is just one of the many RPGs that offer deep themes. Reestablishing the Significance of the Thesis (could be one or more sentences)
Final Sentence (closing statement that connects to the hook and finishes the essay (finish your argument) the “Smoky the Bear”/”Drop the mic”/dot dot dot moment…)
Closing Paragraphs (Conclusions – should not be mere summaries of the previous paragraphs of your essay)
Compare and Contrastmakes either a comparison, a contrast, or both between two different or similar things
Essays – an academic composition. Types –Persuasive (Argumentative) meant to convince the target audience to do something or to not do something
Essays
Expository (Informative)exposes things in detail to make readers understand without any complications Definition or Description defines things, ideas, and perceptions Process (How to) outlines a process of making or breaking or doing something that readers understand fully and are able to do it after reading.
Evaluative offers value judgments about a particular subject according to a set of criteria.
Analytical/Critical analyzes something, such as in literature or an analytical essay analyzes a piece of literature from different
Research revolves around a research question that is meant to answer some specific question through a research of the literature presented
Timed require you to demonstrate disciplinary knowledge by producing a writing sample within a limited time period
Cause and Effect makes readers understand the cause of things, and their effects on other things
Document Based Question (DBQ) provides you with documents to serve as sources of information for your writing.
Narrative (Tells a story) a narration like a short story. it is, however, different from a short story in that it is written in an essay format
angles/written on literary pieces to evaluate them on the basis of their merits.
Interpretive a first person perspective of a literary work.
Personal Statement/Anecdote is a written description of one's achievements, interests, etc., included as part of an application for a job or to an educational program
APA Format this is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. all text should be double spaced. use one inch margins on all sides. All paragraphs in the body are indented. make sure that the title is centered on the page with your name and school/institution underneath. Use 12 fonts throughout. All pages should be numbered in the upper right hand corner.
MLA Format is most commonly used to cite sources within the language arts, cultural studies, and other humanities disciplines. Use white 8 ½ x 11” paper. make 1 inch margins on the top, bottom, and sides. The first word in every paragraph should be indented one half inch. indent set off or block quotations one half inch from the left margin. Use any type of font that is easy to read, such as Times New Roman.
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