THE OFKILLERSERIALBOOKWRITING BY: CASEY CARPINTEYRO
CapitalizationPunctuation+ 04 05 01 02 PartsSpeechof Introduction AboutAuthorthe 06 03 DedicationClausePhrase+ TABLE OF CONTENTS 01 02 03 05 06 07 08 09 Sentences Paragraphs Essays
INTRODUCTION
I started off writing this book by first picking the theme/subject, I had to first figure out what I wanted my book to be about. On September 1st, Mr. Rodriguez posted “The Book of writing-launch” he also stated, “We will do this entire project in class and by the end of the semester, you will have written YOUR OWN BOOK”. I remember he would always tell us that time would pass by fast and he would count the days for us on the board, it’s already December 11, 2021, and we have a winter break in 6 days. In a matter of weeks, I was able to write my own book and become an author. The topic that I chose to write about might concern you or maybe not. I chose to base my book on serial killers. I like watching serial killer documentaries during my free time. I don’t remember how this interest started, but over time, I have been able to learn about the psychology behind serial killers. I´ve never met anyone who has an interest in serial killers as I do, you might be thinking, “What is your fascination with serial killers, or why are you so interested in them?” I know what they do is terribly wrong, but I want to know why. It is interesting for me to learn more about them and what led them to do such horrendous things.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
In this book, you will learn how to become a better writer, use proper grammar, and learn about various serial killers. Hello, my name is Casey Carpinteyro and I am 16 years old. I have three brothers, so that makes me the only girl in the family. I was born on November 11, 2005. My hobbies include watching documentaries, journaling, and learning about serial killers. I like listening to all types of music except country. My first memory of writing was when I was in preschool. Everyone started off by learning how to write my ABCs, they would give us a paper with the ABC’s in dotted lines and we would have to trace them. In elementary from 1st to 2nd grade, they would do the same thing and I gradually started to get the hang of it. Then I learned how to write my first name and last name in cursive in 4th grade, but I don't really remember much from that year. In middle school my English teacher, Ms. Borum was favored by the students due to her kind and bright aura and ability to make writing fun. In this class, we learned about punctuations and how to write proper sentences and paragraphs. Over the years, my writing and spelling have gotten better and I have learned how to write poems, essays, blogs, and now my own book!
DEDICATION This book is dedicated to people who enjoy watching serial killer documentaries, movies, series, listening to podcasts, and reading books about them.
Section 1: Punctuation + Capitalization
Did anyone tell you that California has a high rate of serial killers and unsolved cases?
Sunny warm California and Serial killers do not go well together!
Neuroscientist James Fallon — a self-diagnosed psychopath and author, researches in figuring out why certain people become serial killers.
4. - En dash (The en dash is used to represent a span or range of numbers, dates, or time)
Identify the functions of each mark and create one (1) example sentence of the usage for each mark.
More than 80% of known American serial killers operated between 1970 - 1999.
7. ? Question mark (Used at the end of a direct question.)
California is known to be sunny and bright; not many talk about the dark side of it.
In this book, I will be talking about a few serial killers.
8. ! Exclamation mark (Used to indicate an exclamation in a sentence.)
9. ‘ Apostrophe (Used for contractions and possession.)
The state of California is the state with the highest number of serial killers.
5. : Colon (Used to introduce a list of items.)
10. “ ” Quotation marks (Used to start and end a quote.)
When are you going to start to actually talk about serial killers…
6. ; Semicolon (Used to separate independent clauses.)
2. , Comma (Indicates a pause that would occur if the sentence were spoken aloud. Other times, the comma separates grammatical components of the sentence.)
One of the most famous serial killer cases in California: The Night Stalker, Richard Ramirez
In this book, I will be talking about a variety of serial killers.
There was a time where California had a “Golden Age of Serial Murder”, According to Harold Schechter.
3. – Em dash (Sets off a word or clause and adds emphasis. )
11. … Elipsis (Means something is unsaid, skipped words, someone is still typing, no answer, etc.)
1. . Period (Used for abbreviations and to end a sentence.)
Punctuation –
Richard Ramirez was a serial killer who was convicted in 1989.
-Capitalize months, holidays, and days, but not seasons
A serial killer is someone who murders multiple people.
-Capitalize cities, countries, nationalities, and languages
Richard Ramirez was an American serial killer, kidnapper, child abuser, burguar, etc. Born in El Paso, Texas.
-Capitalize names and other nouns
14. / Backslash (Used for a decision, and/or.)
12. [ ] Brackets (Allow the insertion of editorial material inside quotations, can also be used for Theyclarification.)[Richard Ramirez, Jeffrey Dahmer, Ed Gein] have a dark past.
1. Please list the rules of capitalization here:
On June , 1984, Ramirez committed his first murder here in Los Angeles.
13. ( ) Parentheses (Used to provide additional information.)
Capitalization – Identify and create one (1) example sentence for each rule of capitalization.
Sometimes serial killers don’t always have a bad childhood (this includes Ted Bundy)
-Capitalize the first word of a sentence:
Section 2: Parts of Speech
Direct Object (comes after the verb and answers what or whom)
·
Nouns: give the name or title of a particular person, place, thing, or idea (must be capitalized). Richard Ramirez, Los Angeles, home.
·
Types of nouns: (list three to five words of each type)
The Zodiac killer gave police 4 ciphers, using letters and symbols, but his identity has remained unsolved since.
Subject (comes before the verb)
· Indirect Object (answers to who or to whom)
·
·fear.Proper
Common Nouns: name a class of people, places, things, or ideas. American, gun ,
Compound Nouns: consist of words used together to form a single noun. Look-out, killer, outside.
Abstract Nouns: name ideas, qualities, concepts, emotions, or attitudes. Abuse, attacked, evil, fear.
Concrete Nouns: refer to material things, to people, or to places. Ambulance, footprint, .22 revolver, police.
·
Functions (How nouns are used): Write one sentence for each function.
Jeffery was an American serial killer who committed murder and the dismemberment of 17 men and boys.
NOUNS
·
Charles Manson asked hisfollowersto kill Sharon Tate as gruesomely as possible.
·
PRONOUNS Pronouns take the place of nouns that have been established. NominativePersonal:(subjects) Objective(objects) I/we me/us you/you you/you He, she, it, one/they him, her, it, one/them Possessive My, mine our, ours Your, yours your, yours His, her, hers, its, one’s their, theirs Relative:Nominative Objective Possessive who whom whose That that of that those/ this Interrogative:who,which, what, whatever, whoever Reflexive: (personal pronouns plus the suffix –selfor –selves) Used only:when the action verb is directed toward the subject of the construction: He thought of himselfas someone who was sent by satan. to intensify a point: Richard Ramirez himselfwould leave pentagram drawings behind after committing a murder and said “Hail Satan” after pleading not guilty.
Demonstrative:this,these that, those Indefinite:all,another, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, everywhere, few, many, much, neither, nobody, none, no one, nothing, one, other, several, somebody, someone,VERBSsuch.
Tense: verbs indicate time via tenses: simple past pastpast perfect past
finitive verbs (indicate tense)
transitive verbs (verbs followed by a direct object) intransitive verbs (verbs that do not take direct objects)
lexical verbs (main verbs) dynamic verbs (indicate action)
types of verbs: auxiliary verbs (helping verbs) linking verbs (verbs that do not describe action, but connect the subject of a sentence to other parts of the sentence – usually the predicate)
Verbs show the time, action, and state of being of a subject.
Non initive verbs (infinitives or participles) regular verbs (weak verbs) irregular verbs (strong verbs)
stative verbs (describe a condition)
ypes:futurefuturepresentpresentpresentpresentsimpleprogressivepresentperfectprogressiveperfectprogressiveperfectThereareatleasteleven(11)
Proper: In November 1989, Ramirez is convicted on 13 counts of murder, five attempted murders, 11 sexual assaults, 4 burglaries, and sentenced to death.
ADJECTIVES
Active: when subjects take action His Cousin Mike is said to have a deadly influence of Ramirez, when he returned from the vietnam war, he showed Ramirez polaroids of mutated prisoners he had killedPassive:himself.Ramirez had also seen his cousin Mike shoot his wife, Jessie, in the face, this was the first time Ramirez had seen someone killed.
Gerund: wordendingin“ing”usedasanoun.·HiscousinMikehadalsotaughthim
Infinitive: verbprecededbytheword“to”(togo,to jump)usedasnouns,adjectives,oradverbs·RichardRamirezlikedtoterrorizethestreets of Los Angeles in the ‘80s.
· Kinds: Demonstrative, Common, Proper Demonstrative: Those who were on the same bus as Ramirez realized that he was the serial killer the police were looking for.
how to rob and he startedbreakinginto homes at 12 years old.
Participle: wordendingin“ing”or“ed”usedasan adjective·Whilesearchingthrough the robbed houses, police found a size 11 ½ footprint and a fingerprint.
· After police discovered who was the night stalker, they released Ramirezś name and photograph to the public.
Verbals: (VERB FORMS NOT USED AS VERBS)
(Cousin Mike)
Adjectives modify, describe, limit, and identify nouns and pronouns.
Common: The police were called from people all over the block and when Ramirez tried to steal a car to drive away, he was beaten by people in the neighborhood.
Voice: Voice is the form of the verb that indicates how it relates or interacts with the action. The English language has two voices: ACTIVE and PASSIVE.
·
while in prison, in Aspan, colorado.
Endings (Create one example related to your subject for each) Carol DaRonch was able tobravelyescape serial killer Ted Bundy in 1974.
Conversions (Show how three words related to your subject can become adverbs – Example: “Educational” becomes “Educationally”)
ADVERBS
·
DangerousBravebecomesbravelybecomesdangerously -TypesBadbecomesbadly:Manner,Frequency, Degree, Place, Time Example Types: (Create one example each related to your subject) Manner – Ted Bundyquicklyasked guards to let him use the library because he was doing “research” for law school. (Howdidsheanswer?)Time–AfterBundywas let in the library, he took the opportunity andimmediately fled from the scene.
(Whenwillheleave?)Place–TedBundycarefullyescaped
Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.
Degree(Wherewashe?)–TedBundy was said to be“exceptionallysmart” because he attended law school, but his efforts to become a lawyer ended in failure. (Howgoodisshe?)Frequency–Bundyconsistentlyabducted women in broad daylight in the 1970’s
CONJUNCTIONS Coordinating (FANBOYS): for,and,nor,but,or,yet,so Correlative: Either/or;neither/nor;notonly/butalso;both/and;whether/or;as/so Subordinate: after,thoughas,asif,aslongas,asthought,because,before,if,inorderthat, referprovidedthat,since,so,sothat,that,though,till,unless,when,where,whereas,whileRelativepronouns:who(referstopeople),which(referstonon-livingobjectoranimals),that(maytoanimalsornonlivingobjects)PREPOSITIONSPrepositionslinknouns,pronouns,andphrasestootherpartsofthesentence.PrepositionsareNEVERfollowedbyverbs.Thereareone-wordprepositionsandcomplexprepositions.Thesearesomecommonone-wordprepositions:aboard,about,above,accordingto,across,acrossfrom,after,against,along,alongside,alongsideof,alongwith,amid,among,apartfrom,around,as,asfaras,asidefrom,at,awayfrom,backof,becauseof,before,behind,below,beneath,beside,between,beyond,but(except),by,bymeansof,concerning,despite,down,downfrom,except,exceptexcludingfor,for,from,fromamong,frombetween,fromunder,in,inadditionto,inbehalfof,including,infrontof,inplaceof,inregardto,inside,insideof,inspiteof,insteadof,into,like,near,nearto,notwithstanding,of,off,on,onaccountof,onbehalfof,onto,ontopof,opposite,out,outof,outside,outsideof,over,overto,owingto,past,priorto,to,toward,under,underneath,until,unto,up,upon,upto,versus,with,within,without.
INTERJECTIONS
Gfiddlesticksgadzooks,gee,
Interjections are the final part of speech. Find and copy/paste an alphabetical list of interjections here. A aha, ahem, ahh, ahoy, alas, arg, aw B bam, bingo, blah, boo, bravo, brrr C cheers, congratulations D dang, drat, darn, duh E eek, eh, encore, eureka F gee whiz, golly, goodbye, goodness, good grief, gosh H ha-ha, hallelujah, hello, hey, hmm, holy buckets, holy cow, holy smokes, hot dog, huh, humph, hurray O oh, oh dear, oh my, oh well, oops, ouch, ow P phew, phooey, pooh, pow R rats S shh, shoo T thanks, there, tut-tut U uh-huh, uh-oh, ugh W wahoo, well, whoa, whoops, wow Y yeah, yes, yikes, yippee, yo, yuck
Milder Stronger Addition a norotheranothernexttooalsothenandandfurtherthen finally,first,equallyagainbesidesadditionallyinmoreoverfurthermorefurtheradditionimportantsecondlast Comparison just as ... so too a another...similar like incomparablesimilarlythesameway likewise Contrast andyetbut yet ratherbutthoughorotherwisestillanother onneverthelessstillhowevertheotherhand on the contrary even converselynonethelessinsteadotherwisethoughatalternativelyinfornotwithstandingsoallthatcontrastthesametimethismaybe Time first,recentlyearliershortlylaterafterwardsoonnowthensecond, third tomorrowtodayafterbeforenext ininincurrentlyeventuallysubsequentlyatthereafterimmediatelyfinallyatpresentlyatmeanwhilelengthlastthattimethemeantimethepastthefuture Transitions of Logic Chart
Purpose to do this so tha to this end with this object for this purpose for that inbecausereasonofthisorderto Place nextnearbybeyondherethereto at that ininonadjacentoppositepointtototheothersidethefronttheback Result andso thenso inasthereuponthusconsequentlyaccordinglythereforehencearesultconsequence Example that forinspecificallyisparticularonething for example for instance an instance of this this can be seen in Summary & Emphasis In IinitatInaturallyincidentallyinbyaftergenerallysumallthewaygeneralhopeleastseemsbriefsuppose in certainlyimportantlyinonforwithoutdefinitelyassuredlyIremarkablyanywayofclearlyindeedintoinasonshortthewholeIsaidotherwordsbesurefactcoursethinkdoubtallthatthewholeanyevent
Section 3: Phrases and Clauses
All the police officers gathered around to look at the crime scene.
Witnesses pointed to a Volkswagen Beetle and a young man on crutches/ with an arm in a sling.
Noun Phrase: A group of words consisting of nouns or pronouns and their modifiers that function as a noun.
● Infinitive Phrase verbs preceded by the word “to” (to read, to study, to write) that function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.
Verb Phrase: A group of words consisting of verbs working together and that function as a verb.
Appositive Phrase: A group of words that include all the words that modify an appositive and function as an adjective - IT MUST BE SURROUNDED BY COMMAS.
No one would expect Bundy to be the serial killer, he graduated with a degree in psychology, attended law school, and was even received a letter of recommendation from the Republican governor of Washington after working on his campaign.
● Participial Phrase word ending in -ing (present participle) or -ed (past participle) that functions as an adjective.Aftertwo women were successfully able to escape from Ted Bundy, he killed 3 more.
In 1974, In Washington state, young, attractive female college students began disappearing.
Verbal Phrases: A group of words that begin with a verbal and ends with a noun. Bundy committed further assaults in Florida.
Many of Bundy's later victims resembled his college girlfriend, attractive students with long, dark hair, because of this, many women began to cut their hair and even dyed it.
Prepositional Phrase: A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun, and functions as an adjective or an adverb.
● Gerund Phrase verb ending in -ing that functions as a noun. His killings would often follow a gruesome pattern, he often raped his victims before beating them to death.
Phrases – groups of words that function as a part of speech.
verbs:
■ On January 24, 1989, Bundy was executed around 7 a.m. at the Florida State Prison in an electric chair (place) Modifying adjectives: ■ Before he was executed he requested his ashes be scattered in the Cascade Mountains of Washington State, where he murdered at least four of his victims.(how much)
INDEPENDENT – CAN stand alone as a complete sentence, known as a simple sentence pattern. The exact number of women Bundy killed will never be known.
Noun Clause: Used as the noun in a sentence and may function as a subject, a predicate noun, a direct object, an object of a preposition, an indirect object, or an appositive.
DEPENDENT (SUBORDINATE) – CANNOT stand alone as a complete sentence and MUST begin with a SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION. There are seven (7) kinds:
Adjective Clause: Used to modify a noun in an independent clause. Some adjective clauses begin with an introductory word: ○ Bundy escaped from prison twice, the first time he jumped out of library window and the 2nd time, He climbed out of a hole he made in the ceiling of his cell.
Adverb Clause: Used to modify verbs, adjectives, and adverbs in an independent clause, introduced by subordinate conjunction, and used to indicate time, place, cause, purpose, result, condition, and/or concession.Modifying
○
Clauses – groups of words with BOTH a subject and a verb that function as parts of speech. There are TWO kinds: Independent and Dependent (called “Subordinate”)
Bundy confessed to 36 killings of young women across several states in the 1970s, but it is believed that he killed 100 or more.
CLAUSES
He would send letters consisting of cyphers and went on to threaten further attacks if the letters weren’t printed on the front page of the papers.
Relative Clauses: Dependent clause that begins with a relative pronoun.
○
Essential Clauses: Clauses necessary to the meaning of the sentence.
The zodiac, also known as the Zodiac killer who terrorized northern California communities between 1968 and 1969.
○
○
○
○
○
Nonessential Clauses: Clauses that are NOT necessary to the meaning of the sentence. Students David Arthur Faraday, 17, and Betty Lou Jensen, 16, were murdered after parking in Faraday's station wagon, known lover's lane.
Elliptical Clauses: Adverb clauses in which part of the clause is omitted.
December 1968, is believed to be the zodiac’s first attack, when high school students David Arthur Faraday, 17, and Betty Lou Jensen, 16, were murdered after parking in Faraday's station wagon.
○
Sentences4:
Section
SENTENCES
Sentence – a set of words that contains a subject and a predicate and conveys a statement, command, question, or an exclamation.
It is rare to hear of a case about a female serial killer. Predicate – what the subject does
Imperative – a sentence that makes a command (ends with a period mark)
Beware of serial killers.
Declarative – a sentence that makes a statement (ends with a period mark) Jane Toppan is a famous female serial killer.
Exclamatory – a sentence that expresses great emotion, passion, excitement (ends with an exclamation mark) Jane Toppan was known as “Jolly Jane” due to her jolly personality!
Interrogative – a sentence that asks a question (ends with a question mark) How could one beware of serial killers?
According to life science, this is because “Female mass killers are "so rare that it just hasn't been studied,".
Sentence Types
Sentence Parts
Subject – what/who the sentence is about
Sentence Patterns
Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses, but no dependent clauses - connected by FANBOYS (coordinating conjunctions) or a semicolon (;).
Jane Toppan was a nurse who racked up dozens of victims between 1885-1901.
Complex-Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.
Complex Sentence: A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent Dueclause.toher upbeat and friendly personality, no one suspected her.
In 1880, Jane admitted to killing 31 patients, but it is suspected she killed more, most of her victims were personal acquaintances.
Loose Sentence: A sentence that contains an independent clause plus a subordinate construction (either a clause or phrase) with your main point at the beginning. In court, Toppan was found not guilty of insanity; she was sentenced to life in an asylum.
Periodic Sentence: A sentence in which the independent clause is given at the end of the sentence to create interest or generate suspense with the main point coming at the end.
For years, nurses in the asylum would hear Jane calling down the halls, “Get some morphine, dearie, and we’ll go out in the ward, you and I will have a lot of fun seeing the die.”
Parallel Structure: A sentence using the same pattern of two or more verbs or ideas that match intense or structure to show that they are of equal importance and to help the reader comprehend what is being written - this sentence requires symmetry.
Jane was one of the most beloved nurses at Cambridge Hospital, but that all changed when doctors realized she had been killing her patients.
Juana Barraza, also known as “La Mataviejitas”, was a Mexican wrestler who killed as many as 49 elderly women in Mexico City.
Simple Sentence: A sentence that is just one independent clause.
Barraza’s childhood was traumatic, she grew up in poverty, had an alcoholic mother, sold at 13-years old for a couple of beers, then rescued after 5 years.
A sentence that features the purposeful repetition of a word, words, or a phrase at the beginning of several successive clauses in order to place emphasis and draw attention. People began to grow frightened, they questioned the police, why wasn’t the police doing anything about it, secretly, the police knew there was a serial killer among them.
While looking for the killer, police suspected a male, a male like Ted Bundy.
Epistrophe: A sentence featuring several phrases or clauses ending with the same word or words. Mataviejitas was caught by the police and revealed to be Juana Barraza. The longest sentence in Mexico History is known to be the sentence of Juana Barraza.
Years later, Juana justified her crimes due to her past trauma, she stated “This is why I hate older Anaphorawomen.”:
Chiasmus: A sentence that includes a repetition of ideas (words, phrases, or clauses) in inverted (reversed) order - this sentence requires symmetry.
Asyndeton: A sentence that leaves out conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose.
from wrestling, she needed to find a way to support her family, she didn’t like any of the jobs she has, her last resort was to rob and kill old ladies.
Polysyndeton: A sentence that uses multiple conjunctions in close proximity to each other between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose.
Balanced Sentence: A sentence where phrases or clauses at the beginning and the end parallel each other by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning, or length - this sentence requires Aftersymmetry.retiring
Sentence Errors
Because police found the body of a missing tenant covered in a pile of found the body of a missing tenant covered in a pile of dirt, they were able to uncover the first several bodies. [RIGHT]
Becausedirt.[WRONG]police
Dorothea ran a boarding house her tenants were elderly disabled people, little did they know she was poisoning them and strangling some of her guests before cashing their security checks.[WRONG]
Comma Splice – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly using commas
Dorothea ran a boarding house whose tenants were elderly disabled people. Little did they know she was poisoning them and strangling some of her guests before cashing their security checks.[RIGHT]
Run-On/Rambling/Fused Sentence – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly without punctuation.
Fragment – incomplete sentence pieces that are not connected to or do not form an independent clause
Dorothea looks just like anyone’s sweet grandma, but she was not a sweet grandma, she was a serial killer, she killed at least nine people in her boarding house in Sacramento California during the 1980s.[WRONG]
Dorothea looks just like anyone’s sweet grandma, in fact, she was not a sweet grandma, she was a serial killer who committed at least 9 murders in her boarding house in Sacramento California during the 1980s. [RIGHT]
When police arrived at Dorothea’s home, she knew this would not do her any good, so she fled to Los Angeles. Soon she would be flown back to Sacramento, charged with nine murders, and died in prison of natural causes on March 21, 2011, at the age of 82. [RIGHT]
Puente did not grow up in a stable family, her father died of tuberculosis and her mother died in a motorcycle accident, her mother abused her when she was eight and an alcoholic [WRONG]
Puente did not grow up in a stable family, her father died of tuberculosis and her mother, an alcoholic, abused her when she was eight years old and then died in a motorcycle accident. [RIGHT]
Misplaced/Dangling Modifiers – modifiers are words, phrases, or clauses that add a description; a misplaced modifier describes the wrong part of a sentence and a dangling modifier is missing the part it’s supposed to modify
When police arrived at Dorothea’s home, she knew this would not do her no good, so she fled to Los Angeles. Soon she would be flown back to Sacramento, charged with nine murders, and died in prison of natural causes on March 21, 2011, at the age of 82. [WRONG]
Double Negative – combining two or more negative words in a sentence in a way that is supposed to produce a positive force
Section Paragraphs5:
Paragraphs (Introductions)
Belief (social, religious, or political in nature – an opinion held by many to be a fact, though it is not necessarily factual – often involves a judgement)
PARAGRAPHS
A serial killer is a person who murders three or more people just for the thrill of it. Serial killers are not just born serial killers, most of the time, a serial killer’s childhood trauma could lead to their need to kill.
Assertion (claim - a subject + a “so what” about the subject)
People who play video games are sinfully wrong because they are likely to become serial killers.
Most serial killers share common traits, these include antisocial behavior, torturing animals, manipulation, and predatory behavior.
Serial killers such as Jeffrey Dahmer, Ted Bundy, Ed Gein, and many more share common traits.Fact (empirically verifiable but often difficult to argue extensively about - better used as evidence to support a claim)
California is known to be the state with the highest number of serial Killers.
Hook (Lead / Opening Statement) – can begin with the title Anecdotal (Brief story to set the mood and lead the reader into the topic)
Opinion (personal position on a topic)
Query Based (Question that brings the reader to the topic - avoid second person POV “you”) What makes serial killers, are they born this way?
Thesis Statements (the purpose of a piece of writing – usually one sentence in length, but can be longer depending on the purpose – must be something that is arguable)
Paragraphs – a group of sentences that together convey a shared purpose structured around the same Introductorytopic.
Ex. People who show the characteristics of antisocial behavior, torturing animals, manipulation, and predatory behavior, should get treatment as soon as possible.
Generalization (uses absolute or statistical pronouns: all, always, every, never, none, most, half – avoid using this type of thesis statement unless citing the source of the data)
Some serial killers have been known to collect, dissect, and dismember animals as kids.
Topic Sentences (must specifically indicate the topic of the paragraph and focus on one subject and/or area of evidence or support – could start with a “Transition of Logic” that connects to the previous paragraph to give Additionally,context)multiple serial killers are known to have all of these characteristics. (Now every sentence in this paragraph must be related to the connection between fast food and health)
InOladoc,Dr. Hira Tanveer argues that people who show these 4 common traits should not be “takenTheorylightly”.(a statement that can be tested and potentially proven - often answers a research question)
Clarification/Expansion of Thesis (could extend the thesis, preview the evidence supporting the thesis, give the purpose of thesis, establish the importance or significance of examining the intricacies of the thesis – this could be several sentences long)
Document Based (cites a specific source, author, and position on a topic)
Body Paragraphs (must have echoes of the thesis in each AND present evidence to support or expand on the thesis)
Dr. Hira Tanveer expands her claim by explaining “This could be one of the strongest warning signs and should not be taken lightly”. Serial killers usually start by killing/torturing animals because it makes them feel as if they are asserting power. Kids who like hurting animals should always be taken seriously because this is the first sign of their psychotic behavior and bad intentions.
Like many serial killers, “some of the best known serial killers in the world were very manipulative and knew exactly how to get their way. They are also extremely skilled in manipulating a situation to try to appear innocent and often use trending news or medical psychological studies to back up their claims and justify (Dr. Hira Tanveer).
ORIGINAL QUOTE – Researchers agree, “Serial killers are usually psychopaths, and their behavior is often antisocial.” (Dr. Hira Tanveer).
Presenting Evidence from Quotations (quotes should NEVER be used as individual sentences – quotes should be embedded within sentences)
Disgustingly, “serial killers don’t have a legitimate need and usually kill just because of the heck of it. ” (Dr. Hira Tanveer).
Ex. “To exert control over others, they sometimes withhold information to gain attention, exhibit a sense of authority, or to have the upper hand during a situation. For instance, they would often hide the bodies of victims from the police in a bid to assert control and power.” (Dr. Hira Tanveer).
SUMMARY – Early signs of serial killers.
Examining the ParaphrasingEvidence(rewording of a quote into other words of the same length without quotation marks, but still citing the source - useful for examining the quote and transitioning to your analysis of the quote)
ORIGINAL QUOTE – “However, most serial killers share some common traits, which criminologists and psychiatrists have identified and documented.” (Dr. Hira Tenveer)
ORIGINAL QUOTE – “However, most serial killers share some common traits, which criminologists and psychiatrists have identified and documented.” (Dr. Hira Tenveer)
Abstract Examples (hypothetical, “what if” examples that do not refer to a source – AVOID USING THEM AS EVIDENCE – but useful for examining the quote)
Closing Sentences (must end the discussion of the topic within the paragraph with a transitional or culminating word – possibly an adverb – and should echo the thesis of the essay)
In many cases, people start showing their psychotic behavior at a young age, such as these traits. Concrete Examples (actual examples that do refer to a source – useful for enhancing your analysis of the quote)
Summarizing (condensing larger quotes or sections - useful for closing the examination of the quote/evidence and transitioning to your analysis of the quote)
There are, however, a few similarities between the characteristics of well-known serial killers. For instance, if someone grew up in a toxic home environment, it can all come together to push them over the edge as adults. Dr. Ho says.
A serial killer is not born one, but instead, the trauma that they go through as a child leads them to commit several crimes starting at a young age.
PARAPHRASE – Similar traits are shared among serial killers.
But that doesn't mean all serial killers have a mental health issue, or that all people with antisocial personalities will be serial killers. Reestablishing the Significance of the Thesis (could be one or more sentences)
Final Sentence (closing statement that connects to the hook and finishes the essay (finish your argument) – the “Smoky the Bear”/”Drop the mic”/dot dot dot moment…)
of Disregarding the Thesis (establishing the potential consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – CREATING A COUNTERARGUMENT – could be one or more sentences)
Given all the common traits serial killers displayed when they were young a serial killer is not born one but is made…
Closing Paragraphs (Conclusions – should not be mere summaries of the previous paragraphs of your Consequencesessay)
Thus, as the prevalence of academic research indicates, a serial killer is not born as a serial killer, but being raised in a toxic home can have a big influence on their actions…
Section 6: Essays
Essays – A piece of writing that is used to present a coherent argument in response to a stimulus or question, and to persuade the reader that your position is credible
Persuasive (Argumentative): An essay in which a person disagrees or agrees with an issue by using reasons to support their opinion.
Purpose: Used to persuade people by establishing a position on an issue.
Process (How-to): A series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end. Purpose is to give directional information to the reader.
Compare and Contrast: Used to make comparisons and contests between two things.
Types – Explain each type of essay and state its purpose
Cause and Effect: Are concerned with why things happen (causes) and what happens as a result (effect). The purpose of this is to explain the reasons and effects of a situation.
Expository (Informative): Provides a clear, focused explanation of a particular topic, process, or set of ideas
Evaluative: A composition that offers value judgments about a particular subject according to a set of criteria. The purpose of an evaluation essay is to present an opinion or viewpoint on a subject or body of work.
ESSAYS
Interpretive: The reader's understanding of a story or essay that they read.
Analytical/Critical: Systematically evaluate a work's effectiveness including what it does well and what it does poorly. The purpose os this essay is to expand the reader's knowledge and understanding of something.
- Research about your subject/put info in your own words
Research: An essay where the writer explains what they have learned while collecting and analyzing data. The purpose of this essay is to provide the reader with facts and to reach new conclusions.
-
Personal Statement/Anecdote: A short personal story/ A short story about any subject the author/speaker wishes to deliver. The purpose of this is to get your reader ready for your essay.
Pre-writing:prompts.-Decide on a topic to write about. -
– Explain how to plan and organize essays and how to analyze and break down
Question (DBQ): Document-based essay that tests a student’s ability to analyze and their understanding skills.
Synthesis: A type of essay that gathers information from a variety of sources to form a new idea, question, or argumentative
Timed: This requires you to demonstrate disciplinary knowledge by producing a writing sample within a limited time Document-Basedperiod.
Compare: tell how two things are alike.
Strategies/PlanningthesisTips/Steps
Brainstorm ideas about the subject.
PromptArgueAnalysis:present facts and reasons that support your opinion or position.
Define: tell what something means, what it is, or what it does
Contrast: tell how two things are different.
Narrative (Tells a story): Narrative essays are about telling stories to your readers.
Researching/EvaluatingOutlining:IntroductionThesisStatement-Bodyparagraphs-1-2-3Conclusion of Sources Work Cited Page – Explain and give an example of how to set up works cited entry in both MLA and APA formats - there are subtle differences between each format, so be sure to identify them clearly. MLA Format: Author’s last name, first name, and Title of the source. APA Format: Authors last name and the year of publication (Smith, 2008).
