The Anime Book of Writing by Bravo Grammar Con Online

The Anime Book of Writing By: Luis Sierra

Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………...3 About the Author………………………………………………………………………...4 Chapter One: Punctuation and Capitalization…………………………..5-6 Chapter Two: Parts of Speech…………………………………………………..6-16 Chapter Three:Phrases and Clauses……………………….……………….16-19 Chapter Four: Sentences………………………………………………………..19-23 Chapter Five: Paragraphs…………………...………………………………….24-28 Chapter Six: Essays……………………...………………………………………….29-30 Dedication………………………………………………………………………………….30

“You were always at my side, the least I can do is to be beside you at the end. I know it cannot be, but I wish I could go to where you have gone. How I wish I could join you there, Haku”

Introduction The world is full of incredible, magnificent, breath-taking works of art. Art cannot be bottled in a vase, like water it has many shapes, ways and forms. It can be solid, its surface can be hard enough to take down ships and give refuge to hundreds of thousands of species of animals. In its liquid state, it provides aid to thirsty animals and humans, it gives us a way to cross from continent to continent, etc., etc. Art too is expressed in hundreds of different forms, and one of these has always been drawing, but with recent technological advancements, it has reached a new level: animation. Animation is nothing relatively new, it’s been around for decades now, but with each year that passes it improves, like wine with every year it ages it becomes better. There is a type of animation however that stands above others,it’s another thing, it’s on a whole different level.Japanese styled animation much more known as Anime is what millions of youngsters and adults watch alike since there is a broad selection to choose from, these pieces of animation are top tier.

About The Author Born in Mexico City, I was raised in a small town called San Pedro where I grew along with most of my maternal family’s side. Came to the United States when I was 11 years old, and two weeks later I was sent to school here in the U.S. for the first time. As a spanish-speaker, I couldn’t communicate very well with my peers for a long time, however as time passed my efforts grew to pay off: during my 7th grade I was able to “reclassify” or prove that I was proficient enough to take English classes of my grade level. After that, English became an easy subject for me, I was able to obtain the highest reading score in the whole school, and earned several awards in my school for grades, participation and such. While in school, I’m interested in any sciences and math, however, outside of school I take my interests to martial arts and music. I find some comfort in listening to rap, but not the music most rappers make these days, I prefer 00’s and 90’s type of rap specially Venezuelan and Mexican.

PUNCTUATION and CAPITALIZATION ______________________________________________________

1. (.) Used at the end of any sentence that is intended to make a statement: Shonen is one of the best anime genre. 2. (,) Used to switch words around in a list: Some of the best anime are Naruto, Death Note, Hunter X Hunter, Tokyo Ghoul. 3. (–) En dash, show range of dates or places: There is a section about Japanese animation and it’s history on pages 22–23 4. (-) Hyphen, join two or more words together: The animation and the intro and outro are god-like 5. (:) Introduce a list, or emphasize something: Naruto is regarded as one of the best anime due to several factors: it’s top tier animation, fighting scenes, story, intro and outro, etc. 6. (;) Used to connect independent clauses: Ken was going through a tough time; he tried taking his own life. 7. (?) to indicate a direct question when placed at the end of a sentence: When did Fullmetal Alchemist come out? 8. (!) used when a person wants to express a sudden outcry or add emphasis: Shinichi died! 9. (‘) used to indicate the omission of a letter or letters from a word: Goku’s best attack’s the Kamehameha. 10. (“ ”)mark the beginning and end of a passage attributed to another and repeated word for word and also used to indicate meanings and to indicate the unusual or dubious status of a word: Killua once said, “Who wants to have their life planned out for them?”. 11. (…) indicate an omission: He counted, “ One, two, three, four… “ until he got to 20. 12. [ ] used for technical explanations or to clarify meaning: He [Light] became a nationwide symbol. 13. ( ) curved notations used to contain further thoughts or qualifying remarks, can be replaced with commas sometimes: Near(who had just lost his adoptive brother and mentor) then sought justice himself.

14. (/) Slashes are commonly used to signify alternatives: They never find out his/her name. Capitalization – Identify and create one (1) example sentence for each rule of capitalization. 1. Used to begin a sentence: Unfortunately, Gon could not reach them in time. 2. Titles of People: He wrote about the One Eyed King, Ken Kaneki. 3. The First Word in Quotations: He then shrieked, “Leave!”. 4. Days, Months and Holidays: Inosuke panicked when he realized that Monday was only a day away. 5. The Pronoun “I”: He didn’t realize that I was the one pranking him. 6. Proper Nouns: L then realized the killer was in Japan. 7. Closing a Letter: “Wishing you the best, Hide 8. Book and Movie Titles: After all, Pervy Sage wrote the whole Make Out Tactics series himself. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PARTS OF SPEECH NOUNS Types of nouns: 1. Common Nouns: name a class of people, places, things, or ideas. a. Ninjas, hospital, storage, studio. 2. Proper Nouns: give the name or title of a particular person, place, thing, or idea (must be capitalized). a. Japan, Masashi Kishimoto, Tae Kwon Do, Henry T. Gage Middle School. 3. Compound Nouns: consist of words used together to form a single noun. a. Laptop, skyscraper, sunflower. 4. Concrete Nouns: refer to material things, to people, or to places. a. Table, school, pen

5. Abstract Nouns: name ideas, qualities, concepts, emotions, or attitudes. a. Courage, fear, stupidity. Functions (How nouns are used): Write one sentence for each function. 1. Subject (comes before the verb) a. Naruto fought courageously until he couldn’t stay on his feet. 2. Direct Object (comes after the verb and answers what or whom) a. Genos begged Saitama to train him so he could be a better hero. 3. Indirect Object (answers to who or to whom) a. Ban tried stealing the magic sword off Meliodas’s hands.

PRONOUNS Pronouns take the place of nouns that have been established. Personal: Nominative (subjects) Objective (objects) I/we me/us you/you you/you He, she, it, one/they him, her, it, one/them Possessive My, mine Your, yours His, her, hers, its, one’s

our, ours your, yours their, theirs

Relative: Nominative who That

Objective whom that those/ this

Possessive whose of that

Interrogative: who, which, what, whatever, whoever

Reflexive: (personal pronouns plus the suffix –self o r –selves) Used only: when the action verb is directed toward the subject of the construction: He punishes himself for not finishing his routine. He bought himself a pair of dumbbells to workout. to intensify a point: Goku himself thought the enemy was too powerful. Even though it was a foe like he never had faced before, “I can beat him myself” Captain Monkey D. Luffy thought. Demonstrative: this, these

that, those

Indefinite: all, another, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, everywhere, few, many, much, neither, nobody, none, no one, nothing, one, other, several, somebody, someone, such. VERBS

Verbs show the time, action, and state of being of a subject. Tense: verbs indicate time via tenses: simple past past past perfect past progressive simple present

present present perfect present progressive

present perfect progressive future future perfect

Types: There are at least eleven (11) types of verbs: auxiliary verbs (helping verbs) linking verbs (verbs that do not describe action, but connect the subject of a sentence to other parts of the sentence – usually the predicate) lexical verbs (main verbs) dynamic verbs (indicate action) stative verbs (describe a condition) finitive verbs (indicate tense) nonfinitive verbs (infinitives or participles) regular verbs (weak verbs) irregular verbs (strong verbs) transitive verbs (verbs followed by a direct object) intransitive verbs (verbs that do not take direct objects) Voice: Voice is the form of the verb that indicates how it relates or interacts with the action. The English language has two voices: ACTIVE and PASSIVE. Active: Light was able to pick up the notebook. (Light is the subject) Passive: The notebook was found by Light. (Light is the subject but is treated as the object) Verbals: (VERB FORMS NOT USED AS VERBS) Gerund: word ending in “ing” used as a noun. · Deku hated fighting his best friend.

Participle: word ending in “ing” or “ed” used as an adjective · Tsuna chaotically entered the abandoned building. Infinitive: verb preceded by the word “to” (to go, to jump) used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs · Inosuke likes to fight strong opponents. ADJECTIVES Adjectives modify, describe, limit, and identify nouns and pronouns. · Kinds: Demonstrative, Common, Proper Demonstrative: These ninjas were far more advanced than him. Common: It was a big demon that Zenitsu had to face in his entrance exam. Proper: Katsuki and Shoto both admired the American hero: All Might. ADVERBS Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. · Endings (Create one example related to your subject for each) –ly, -wards, -wise - Hidan openly admitted that he wanted to kill Nagato. - “Yes, I sabotaged the ship” admitted Ichigo afterwards. - Lee’s kicks then started spinning clockwise as he approached his opponent. · Conversions (Show how three words related to your subject can become adverbs– Example: “Educational” becomes “Educationally”) - Baki stared at his opponent as he violently approached him. - Gaara realized he was discovered as he noticed the Hokage’s feet while his eyes looked upwards. - Bulma then started passionately working on the machine. Types:Manner, Frequency, Degree, Place, Time Example Types: (Create one example each related to your subject) Manner – Levi quickly advanced through the enemy’s frontlines.

(How did he advance?) Time – Goku knocked his opponent off the stage immediately. (When did he knock the opponent out?) Place –Koro-sensei was willingly here e arlier today spending some time with his students.( Where was he?) Degree – Erwin was exceptionally good at strategizing when fighting against the Titans.(How good was he?) Frequency – Vegeta is consistently competing with Goku to see who is the strongest. (How often do they compete?) CONJUNCTIONS Coordinating (FANBOYS): for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so Correlative: Either/or; neither/nor; not only/but also; both/and; whether/or; as/so Subordinate: after, though as, as if, as long as, as thought, because, before, if, in order that, provided that, since, so, so that, that, though, till, unless, when, where, whereas, while Relative pronouns: who (refers to people), which (refers to nonliving object or animals), that (may refer to animals or nonliving objects) PREPOSITIONS Prepositions link nouns, pronouns, and phrases to other parts of the sentence. Prepositions are NEVER followed by verbs. There are one-word prepositions and complex prepositions. These are some common one-word prepositions: aboard, about, above, according to, across, across from, after, against, along, alongside, alongside of, along with, amid, among, apart from, around, as, as far as, aside from, at, away from, back of, because of, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, but (except), by, by means of, concerning, despite, down, down from, except, except excluding for, for, from, from among, from between, from under, in, in addition to, in behalf of, including, in front of, in place of, in regard to, inside, inside of, in spite of, instead of, into, like, near, near to, notwithstanding, of, off, on, on account of, on behalf of, onto, on top of, opposite, out, out of, outside, outside of, over, over to, owing to, past, prior

to, to, toward, under, underneath, until, unto, up, upon, up to, versus, with, within, without.

INTERJECTIONS Interjections are the final part of speech. A – Ahh, ahoy, aha, ahem, alas, arrggh, aw B – Blah, brrr, bingo, bravo, bam, bazinga, bleh, boo, boo-yah, bah hambug C – Cheers, congrats, catching, cripes, crud D – Damn, darn, darnit, dang, drat, duh, dear, E – Eureka, eek, eh, er, encore, eww F – Fie, fiddlesticks G – Gak, gee, gee whiz, geez, gadzooks, golly, good grief, goodness, goodness gracious, gosh, gesundheit H – Hey, hmm, hooray, huh, hello, ha, ha-ha, holy cow, hallelujah, holy smokes, humph, hurray, hot dog, huh? K – Ka-ching, O – oh, oh oh, oh dear, oh my, oh my God, oh well, ouch, ow, oww, oops, oy, ooh-la-la, P – Phooey, presto, please, pshaw, pow, phew, pooh R – Rats, S – shoo, shh, shoop-shoop, T – Tut-tut, thanks, U – Uh-huh, uh-oh, ugh, um, umm V – Viva, voila W – Whammo, wham, whew, whoa, wow, whoops, Y – Yay, yeah, yikes, yippee, yes, yuck, yum, yo, yahoo, yummy Z – Zap

Transitions of Logic Chart

Milder

Stronger

Addition

a further and and then then also too next another other nor

further furthermore moreover in addition additionally besides again equally important first, second finally, last

Comparison

just as ... so too a similar another... like

similarly comparable in the same way likewise

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Contrast

but yet and yet still otherwise or though but another rather

however still nevertheless on the other hand on the contrary even so notwithstanding for all that in contrast alternatively at the same time though this may be otherwise instead nonetheless conversely

Time

then now soon afterward later shortly earlier recently first, second, third next before after today tomorrow

meanwhile at length presently at last finally immediately thereafter at that time subsequently eventually currently in the meantime in the past in the future

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Purpose

to do this so that

to this end with this object for this purpose for that reason because of this in order to

Place

there here beyond nearby next to

at that point opposite to adjacent to on the other side in the front in the back

Result

so and so then

hence therefore accordingly consequently thus thereupon as a result in consequence

Example

that is specifically in particular for one thing

for example for instance an instance of this this can be seen in

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Summary and Emphasis

in sum generally after all by the way in general incidentally naturally I hope at least it seems in brief I suppose

in short on the whole as I said in other words to be sure in fact indeed clearly of course anyway remarkably I think assuredly definitely without doubt for all that on the whole in any event importantly certainly

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PHRASES and CLAUSES Phrases – groups of words that function as a part of speech. Noun Phrase: A group of words consisting of nouns or pronouns and their modifiers that function as a noun. 1. All the teams needed to survive to the forest. Verb Phrase: A group of words consisting of verbs working together and that function as a verb. 1. Kakashi’s team will be working hard over the next few months. Prepositional Phrase: A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun, and functions as an adjective or an adverb. 1. Roshi is under treatment for AIDS.

Appositive Phrase: A group of words that include all the words that modify an appositive and function as an adjective - IT MUST BE SURROUNDED BY COMMAS. 1. Might Guy, “Konoha’s Blue Beast”, trained until he broke his bones. Verbal Phrases: A group of words that begin with a verbal and ends with a noun. ● Gerund Phrase verb ending in -ing that functions as a noun. 1. Running up the river, Team 7 found the Kazekage’s house. ● Participial Phrase word ending in -ing (present participle) or -ed (past participle) that functions as an adjective. 1. Morgan quickly climbed up the gate and got in the abandoned ranch. ● Infinitive Phrase verb preceded by the word “to” (to read, to study, to write) that function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. 1. Eren and his colleagues felt it was time to give up. CLAUSES Clauses – groups of words with BOTH a subject and a verb that function as parts of speech. There are TWO kinds: Independent and Dependent (called “Subordinate”) INDEPENDENT – CAN stand alone as a complete sentence, known as a simple sentence pattern. 1. Hashirama was the founder of the village hidden in the leaves. DEPENDENT (SUBORDINATE) – CANNOT stand alone as a complete sentence and MUST begin with a SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION. There are seven (7) kinds: Noun Clause: Used as the noun in a sentence and may function as a subject, a predicate noun, a direct object, an object of a preposition, an indirect object, or an appositive. ○ However his past happened firmly forged Kakashi. ○ Kindly answer whoever knocks the door. ○ That Joel was happy was an understatement. ○ Sasuke wisely checked what he left behind.

Adjective Clause: Used to modify a noun in an independent clause. Some adjective clauses begin with an introductory word: ○ This is the academy where Naruto studied to be Hokage. (“where” is an introductory word) ○ That is the kunai that I desperately need. ○ The goal that you wanted is close to being a reality. Some adjective clauses begin with relative pronouns: ■ Tobirama is the one who obviously deserved it the most. (ONE is the antecedent of WHO and is modified by the adjective clause.) ■ There goes the Hokage whose reputation got destroyed. (HOKAGE is the antecedent of whose and is modified by the adjective clause.) ■ The Rasengan was the signature jutsu that Naruto uses throughout the whole series. ■ Is this the jutsu that you so vehemently bragged about? (that is the direct object of braggedwant) ■ Kakuzu is the member whom he easily recruited to the Akatsuki. (whom is the direct object of recruited.) ■ Jiraiya’s letter to which you refer has sadly been stolen. (which is the object of the preposition to.) ■ Obito is a ninja who easily ignores criticism. (who is the subject of ignores. ) Adverb Clause: Used to modify verbs, adjectives, and adverbs in an independent clause, introduced by a subordinate conjunction and used to indicate time, place, cause, purpose, result, condition, and/or concession. Modifying verbs: ■ Unfortunately, they built the academy where a few could see it. (place) ■ When the signal was given, everyone started battling. (time) ■ Shikamaru sluggishly left the battlefield because he was injured. (purpose) ■ The Akatsuki leader gave his speech as if he had completed the organization’s goal. (condition)

Modifying adjectives: ■ The travel time coldly seems twice as long as it used to be. (how much) ■ Konohamaru is as amusingly funny as his mentor. (to what extent) Modifying adverbs: ■ Naruto trained harder than his classmates typically did. (condition) Relative Clauses: Dependent clause that begins with a relative pronoun. ○ The ninja who finishes first will earn a better spot in the last stage of the exams. Elliptical Clauses: Adverb clauses in which part of the clause is omitted. ○ When battling, the instructor keenly keeps his students close to him. Essential Clauses: Clauses necessary to the meaning of the sentence. ○ The area that most interests Itachi is clearly genjutsu.. Nonessential Clauses: Clauses that are NOT necessary to the meaning of the sentence. ○ Madara’s Tsukuyomi plan, which began several decades ago, have finally taken place. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SENTENCES Sentence – a set of words that contains a subject and a predicate and conveys a statement, command, question, or an exclamation.

Sentence Parts Subject – what/who the sentence is about - The team 7 members awaited to learn new jutsus. Predicate – what the subject does

The team 7 members awaited to learn new jutsus.

Sentence Types Declarative – a sentence that makes a statement (ends with a period mark) - Naruto is the strongest Hokage in the history of Konohagakure. Imperative – a sentence that makes a command (ends with a period mark) - Learn new and better jutsus immediately. Interrogative – a sentence that asks a question (ends with a question mark) - How old were you when you learned this technique? Exclamatory – a sentence that expresses great emotion, passion, excitement (ends with an exclamation mark) - His arduous training finally paid off!

Sentence Patterns Simple Sentence: A sentence that is just one independent clause. - All famous shinobi have excellent chakra control. Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses, but no dependent clauses connected by FANBOYS (coordinating conjunctions) or a semicolon (;). - Sasuke was training with Orochimaru, while Naruto was training with Jiraiya. Complex Sentence: A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. - When Naruto sets up a plan, his plan generally works.

Complex-Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. - Whether he plans ahead or not, Naruto’s plans usually work, but they can take up a lot of strategizing. Loose Sentence: A sentence that contains an independent clause plus a subordinate construction (either a clause or phrase) with your main point at the beginning. - Konohamaru did everything he could to be stronger, no matter how tough or how long it was. Periodic Sentence: A sentence in which the independent clause is given at the end of the sentence in order to create interest or generate suspense with the main point coming at the end. - No matter how tough or how long it was, Konohamaru did everything he could to be stronger. Parallel Structure: A sentence using the same pattern of two or more verbs or ideas that match in tense or structure to show that they are of equal importance and to help the reader comprehend what is being written - this sentence requires symmetry. - Kakashi’s students tend to be quick learners, to never give up, and to succeed where others fail. Balanced Sentence: A sentence where phrases or clauses at the beginning and the end parallel each other by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning, or length - this sentence requires symmetry. - Kakashi was a prodigy, but Guy was hardworking. Chiasmus: A sentence that includes a repetition of ideas (words, phrases, or clauses) in inverted (reversed) order - this sentence requires symmetry. - Naruto loved Sakura, she owned his heart. Asyndeton: A sentence that leaves out conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose. - Konoha shinobi showed tenacity, excellence, audacity, spirit.

Polysyndeton: A sentence that uses multiple conjunctions in close proximity to each other between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose. - Konoha shinobi showed tenacity and excellence and audacity and, lastly, spirit. Anaphora: A sentence that features the purposeful repetition of a word, words, or a phrase at the beginning of several successive clauses in order to place emphasis and draw attention. - For many people, Konohamaru should be the next Hokage, while for others Sarada should be the next hokage, but most will agree that Naruto was the most important Hokage. Epistrophe: A sentence featuring several phrases or clauses ending with the same word or words. - Roshi often spends the day talking about girls, he only dreams about girls, his only interests are girls, it almost feels like he does not care about anything but girls.

Sentence Errors Run-On/Rambling/Fused Sentence – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly without punctuation. - The Team wanted to stop and eat something they kept going to their destination. [WRONG] - The Team wanted to stop and eat something BUT they kept going to their destination. [RIGHT]

Comma Splice – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly using commas - The team wanted to stop working on their ninjutsu, they needed to do work on other jutsu types, they had no time. [WRONG] - The team wanted to stop working on their ninjutsu. They needed to do work on other jutsu types; they had no time. [RIGHT]

Fragment – incomplete sentence pieces that are not connected to or do not form an independent clause - Because the team had little time left. [WRONG] - Because the team had little time left, they had to train faster. [RIGHT] Misplaced/Dangling Modifiers – modifiers are words, phrases, or clauses that add description; a misplaced modifier describes the wrong part of a sentence and a dangling modifier is missing the part it’s supposed to modify - At the team party, the sensei gave a glass to the student that was empty. [WRONG] - At the team party, the sensei gave a glass that was empty to the student. [RIGHT] Double Negative – combining two or more negative words in a sentence in a way that is supposed to produce a positive force - Naruto knew he didn’t have no time to lose. [WRONG] - Naruto knew he had no time to lose. [RIGHT] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PARAGRAPHS Paragraphs – a group of sentences that together convey a shared purpose structured around the same topic. Introductory Paragraphs (Introductions) Hook (Lead) – can begin with the title Anecdotal (Brief story to set the mood and lead the reader into the topic) - No matter what the subject is, there is always rivalries, there is always a measurement, a limit that has to be broken. This is one of the most significant, fundamental, essential parts and roles in both real life and anime. Academically speaking, one strives to score the highest(either in the class, improve a personal score, etc.), in sports too, (in soccer you strive to score the most goals, be the best in your team; in Martial Arts you strive to be the fastest, strongest, most agile, have the best technique, etc.) you strive tirelessly to be the best of the best. In anime how is this measured though? Query Based (Question that brings the reader to the topic - avoid second person POV “you”) - How and to what extent does rivalry play a role in anime? Thesis Statements (the purpose of a piece of writing – usually one sentence in length, but can be longer depending on the purpose – must be something that is arguable) Assertion (claim - a subject + a “so what” about the subject) - Ex.Rivalry is important when it comes to several genres of anime. Fact (empirically verifiable but often difficult to argue extensively about better used as evidence to support a claim) - Ex. Several shonen anime require a breaking point, or a rivalry as part of the plot.

Opinion (personal position on a topic) - Ex.The rivalries present in shonen anime are the best. Belief (social, religious, or political in nature – an opinion held by many to be a fact, though it is not necessarily factual – often involves a judgement) - Ex. Rivalries in shonen anime are top notch. Generalization (uses absolute or statistical pronouns: all, always, every, never, none, most, half – avoid using this type of thesis statement unless citing the source of the data) - Ex. All shonen manga and shows include a rivalry between the main character and a secondary character. Document Based (cites a specific source, author, and position on a topic) - Ex. In Make-Out Tactics, Jiraiya argues that the anime industry has several serious rivalry templates, for fighting and non-fighting anime. Theory (a statement that can be tested and potentially proven - often answers a research question) - Ex. Without a rivalry many shonen would be left without a plot.

Clarification/Expansion of Thesis (could extend the thesis, preview the evidence supporting the thesis, give the purpose of thesis, establish the importance or significance of examining the intricacies of the thesis – this could be several sentences long) Ex. Various shonen demonstrate the peak of a character, the peak of an evolution of power, the limit-breaking point thanks to a rivalry, be it against an enemy or a friend (preview of evidence) x. Analyze and contrast several shonen which present a rivalry E essential to the plot. (purpose of thesis)

Ex. This information about the connection between rivalry and a good shonen may help individuals who want to start or plan to start their own manga. (establishing the importance or significance of thesis) Body Paragraphs (must have echoes of the thesis in each AND present evidence to support or expand on the thesis) - Topic Sentences (must specifically indicate the topic of the paragraph and focus on one subject and/or area of evidence or support – could start with a “Transition of Logic” that connects to the previous paragraph to give context) Ex. In shonen anime, one of the most recurring themes among anime is physical combat, in which some of the best rivalries can be found. (Now every sentence in this paragraph must be related to the connection between fast food and health) - Presenting Evidence from Quotations (quotes should NEVER be used as individual sentences – quotes should be embedded within sentences) ORIGINAL QUOTE – “Once again here’s a case of sibling rivalry, this time it's between adoptive brothers Ace and Luffy of One Piece” (Aitchison 1). Ex. Several researchers agree, “Once again here’s a case of sibling rivalry, this time it's between adoptive brothers Ace and Luffy of One Piece” (Aitchison 1). Ex. “Once again here’s a case of sibling rivalry, this time it's between adoptive brothers Ace and Luffy of One Piece” according to several researchers (Aitchison 1). Ex. Luckily for patrons,“Once again here’s a case of sibling rivalry, this time it's between adoptive brothers Ace and Luffy of One Piece” according to several researchers (Aitchison 1).

Ex. Like patrons explain, “here [we] have a case of sibling rivalry, this time it's between adoptive brothers Ace and Luffy of One Piece” (Aitchison 1). Ex. Like patrons explain, “once again …sibling rivalry” (Aitchison 1). - Examining the Evidence - Paraphrasing (rewording of a quote into other words of the same length without quotation marks, but still citing the source - useful for examining the quote and transitioning to your analysis of the quote) ORIGINAL QUOTE – “Rivalries can be about more than just two characters attempting to see which is stronger or better in a fight, it can also be a long struggle between two forces, as is the case with L and Light Yagami of Death Note” (Aitchison 1). Ex. PARAPHRASE – Not all rivalries measure physical strength or fighting abilities, like in the case of L and Kira (Schlosser 73). - Summarizing (condensing larger quotes or sections - useful for closing the examination of the quote/evidence and transitioning to your analysis of the quote) ORIGINAL QUOTE – “Rivalries can be about more than just two characters attempting to see which is stronger or better in a fight, it can also be a long struggle between two forces, as is the case with L and Light Yagami of Death Note” (Aitchison 1). Ex. SUMMARY – Not all rivalries involve physical prowess. . - Abstract Examples (hypothetical, “what if” examples that do not refer to a source – AVOID USING THEM AS EVIDENCE – but useful for examining the quote) Ex. Most rivalries could be non-physical. . - Concrete Examples (actual examples that do refer to a source – useful for enhancing your analysis of the quote) Ex. A study from November 2011 conducted in the University of True Cross demonstrated that more than ¾ of shonen anime contain a long lasting rivalry.

Closing Sentences (must end the discussion of the topic within the paragraph with a transitional or culminating word – possibly an adverb – and should echo the thesis of the essay) Ex. Clearly, a rivalry and shonen as a whole can be more about fists and blood and still be considered good.

Closing Paragraphs (Conclusions – should not be mere summaries of the previous paragraphs of your essay) Consequences of Disregarding the Thesis (establishing the potential consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – CREATING A COUNTERARGUMENT – could be one or more sentences) Ex. If one’s planning to to start creating a manga, it’s important to note and identify those points that make successful manga, successful. Statement(s) of Extension (extending the consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – could be one or more sentences) Ex. It is important to note that although a good anime does not have to be specifically related to fighting, some sort of brawling, a rivalry to measure a character’s strength(physical, intellectual, tactical, etc.) is a good thing to add. Reestablishing the Significance of the Thesis (could be one or more sentences) Ex. Therefore if a good rivalry is introduced then the whole thing spices up little by little. Final Sentence (connects to the hook and finishes the essay (finish your argument) – the “Smoky the Bear”/”Drop the mic”/dot dot dot moment…) Ex.However, a goog template is only the start of a story, it is up to you how the rest comes out....fly or crash.

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ESSAYS Essays – Explain what an essay is: An essay is a short piece of writing talking about a particular subject that is made of a group of paragraphs. Types – Explain each type of essay and state its purpose Persuasive (Argumentative): A type of essay in which an author tries to convince the audience of something. Expository (Informative): Breaks down things into detail in order to allow the audience to understand something in the easiest way possible. Definition or Description Process (How-to) Compare and Contrast Cause and Effect Analytical/Critical: Made for analyzing something from different critical angles. Evaluative Interpretive Narrative (Tells a story): Tells a short story in an essay format. Personal Statement/Anecdote Research: Revolves around the research and the answer to a question Timed: An essay that has to be answered a certain amount of period and serves the purpose of answering a question generally presented with evidence. Document Based Question (DBQ) Synthesis Strategies/Planning Tips/Steps – Explain how to plan and organize essays and how to analyze and break down prompts. - Pre-writing/Prompt Analysis/Outlining - Researching/Evaluating of Sources First you need to break down the question to understand what the main idea of it is, and then you will go over the documents or evidence you have and organize it or rank it

from best to worst. Use the evidence that is stronger andvoid using the weaker ones, and explain these to the fullest extent you can. The same can be done when outlining the essay, try making a structure, putting everything in place and then try keeping that structure. Work Cited Page – Explain and give an example of how to set up a works cited entry in both MLA and APA formats - there are subtle differences between each format, so be sure to identify them clearly. - MLA Format: In-text from of citing most commonly used in language arts, cultural studies, and other humanities disciplines. - APA Format: In-text from of citing most commonly used in social sciences. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dedication I wanna dedicate this book to my parents, those people who have been there for me no matter what despite our differences. I know the road hasn’t been the smoothest but it don’t mean that it’s impossible to walk it. Thank you, for everything.