SPORTS 3k
THE ATHLETE BOOK OF WRITING
By: Cesar Chavez
TABLE OF CONTENTS -Introduction (3) -About the author (4) -Dedication (5) -Punctuation and Capitalization (6) -Parts of Speech (9) -Phrases and clauses (13) -Sentences (16) -Paragraphs (21) -Essays (25)
INTR ODU CTIO
Introduction I wrote this book starting from the top to bottom or as some say beginning to end. In the beginning I related to the narrator and the trouble that his family has come by for not being white. Then I started by going deeper into the journey they endured going to their new home in Arkansas. I liked to point out key points like living conditions, type of people around them and how they were going to try and make the best out of their situation. My book is about multiple families getting moved out of their home because of what happened with Pearl Harbor. All the families that got moved were Japanese and all got moved to camps in Arkansas. It goes through events of a family of five and a first person view of one of the little kids' experiences. I chose this book because It is something that I faced first hand. This issue that is explained in the book is exactly still happening today. Discrimination and being a different race is still affecting and have long lasting consequences.
INTR ODU CTIO
About The Author Hello, My name is Cesar Chavez, a 16 year old born and raised in Los Angeles, California. I am a child of two Immigrant parents that came to the United states in hopes to provide for a better opportunity and future. I am a student athlete, a person who tries to not only turn my parents sacrifice into something good but to try and help my community out. I love to try to help others out even though they might not take me seriously since I am proud of making at least a joke every time I talk to someone. As little i wasn't really focused on writing and i really didn't know how to properly write. As the years passed and I got bigger I started to realize that I had to start taking my writing seriously. My writing really got to the point where it is now when I would get feedback when I would turn in assignments that would help me not only to improve my writing but to also enhance my vocabulary. I was always wondering if my writing would be enough for when I would go to a higher grade but with the help of my teachers everything turned out fine. INTR ODU CTIO
Dedication I would like to dedicate this to all of the athletes out there. To the younger generation who is just starting to get into sports. Coaches inspire people day by day to people a better version of themselves. Finally to my fellow teammates that I have known since I started playing. INTR ODU CTIO
Punctuation and Capitalization 1) . PERIOD (TO END A SENTENCE) 2) , COMMA (TO ADD ON) 3) – EM DASH ( DRAW YOUR ATTENTION TOWARDS, CAN REPLACE COMMA….ETC) 4) - EN DASH (HYPHENATE) 5) : COLON (WHAT COMES NEXT IS RELATED TO WHAT CAME BEFORE) 6) ; SEMICOLON ( USED TO ADD ANOTHER CAUSE) 7) ? QUESTION MARK (ASK A QUESTION) 8) ! EXCLAMATION MARK (TO INDICATE STRONG FEELINGS) 9) ‘ APOSTROPHE (CONTRACTION) 10) “ ” QUOTATIONS MARKS (TO REPEAT SOMETHING WORD FOR WORD) 11) … ELLIPSES (SOMETHING IS UNSAID) 12) [ ] BRACKETS (WHEN YOU ARE INSERTING SOMETHING) 13) ( ) PARENTHESES (NOT NECESSARY) 14) / BACK SLASH (A SELECTION LIKE AND/OR)
Examples PERIOD- IN SPORTS IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO STRETCH BEFORE A GAME. COMMA- ALL THE KIDS RUNNING IN SPORT USUALLY DRINK WATER, SPORTS DRINK, OR NOTHING AT ALL. EM DASH- WHEN YOU COME BRING MY–NIKE CLEATS ON THURSDAY. EN DASH- IN SPORTS NOWADAYS MANY PEOPLE HAVE TO BE CHECKED-IN BEFORE THEY CAN PLAY. COLON- IN SPORTS YOU HAVE TWO CHOICES: DEDICATION OR LAZINESS. SEMI COLON- IN SPORTS YOU HAVE TO DEDICATE A LOT OF TIME; YOU HAVE TO TRAIN ON A WEEKLY BASIS. QUESTION MARK- DO YOU SPEND MUCH MONEY ON SPORTS? EXCLAMATION MARK- WOW! MOST WORLD WIDE ATHLETES HAVE FAST MOVEMENTS. APOSTROPHE- IN SPORTS THERE'S A LOT OF SHOULD'VE DONE THIS OR THAT. QUOTATIONS MARK- MANY PEOPLE DEFINE WORLD CLASS ATHLETES AS ¨TRY HARD¨ BUT IN REALITY THEY ARE NORMAL HUMAN BEINGS DOING WHAT THEY ARE PASSIONATE ABOUT.
ELLIPSIS- TO BECOME A WORLD CLASS ATHLETE IN SPORTS IT REQUIRES DEDICATION, PASSION AND…. BRACKETS- SPORTS [SOCCER] REQUIRE TO HAVE MUCH MOVEMENT AND ROTATION IN THE BOTTOM HALF OF YOUR BODY. PARENTHESES- SOCCER THEY FINALLY CALL THE WHISTLE AFTER (5 MINUTES) WAITING. BLACK SLASH- SPORTS FOR MANY IS A HIT/MISS OR EVEN FOR SOME SIMPLE/CHALLENGING.
Capitalization - CAPITALIZE NAMES- WORLD CLASS ATHLETES LIKE LIONEL MESSI WILL ALWAYS BE REMEMBERED. - CAPITALIZE DAYS AND MONTHS- ON JULY 23, 2021 THE OLYMPICS START WHERE WORLD CLASS ATHLETES FROM COUNTRIES ALL OVER THE WORLD WILL BATTLE FOR GOLD. - CAPITALIZE MOST WORDS IN TITLES- THE SPORT BOOK OF WRITING
Parts of Speech NOUNS Types of nouns: (list three to five words of each type) · Common Nouns: name a class of people, places, things, or ideas. EX: The field, team, running · Proper Nouns: give the name or title of a particular person, place, thing, or idea (must be capitalized). EX: Olympics, The Coliseum, Taco shop Compound Nouns: consist of words used together to form a single noun. EX: Football, full moon, bystander, blackboard, software · Concrete Nouns: refer to material things, to people, or to places. EX: Book, desk, door, wall · Abstract Nouns: name ideas, qualities, concepts, emotions, or attitudes. EX: anger, joy, excitement
Functions · Subject (comes before the verb) Coach Harris disciplined every kid in football for messing around. · Direct Object (comes after the verb and answers what or whom) Coach Harris asked the Principle Edwards if he was allowed to. · Indirect Object (answers to who or to whom) Principal Edwards gave Coach Harris a pat on the back. ADVERBS
Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. · Endings (Create one example related to your subject for each) –ly, -wards, -wise As athletes have to get faster otherwise be replaced. Going upwards in a athletic competition is not easy Surprisingly most athletes use powerade as their energy drink. · Conversions (Show how three words related to your subject can become adverbs – Example: “Educational” becomes “Educationally”) Fast becomes faster Strong becomes stronger Healthy becomes healthier
Types: Manner, Frequency, Degree, Place, Time Example Types: (Create one example each related to your subject) Manner – The Coaches must always reply to an athlete's injury quickly. (How do they reply?) Time – Athletes leave sometimes immediately after their training to get some rest. (When will he leave?) Place – Athletes usually go with questions to their games. (Where do they go?) Degree – Athletes are exceptionally underrated for how capable they can be sometimes. (Why are they underrated?) Frequency – Every athlete should consistently get daily check ups. (How often should they be?)
INTERJECTIONS
A aha, ahem, ahh, ahoy, alas, arg, aw B bam, bingo, blah, boo, bravo, brrr C cheers, congratulations D dang, drat, darn, duh E eek, eh, encore, eureka F fiddlesticks G gadzooks, gee, gee whiz, golly, goodbye, goodness, good grief, gosh H ha-ha, hallelujah, hello, hey, hmm, holy buckets, holy cow, holy smokes, hot dog, huh, humph, hurray O oh, oh dear, oh my, oh well, oops, ouch, ow P phew, phooey, pooh, pow R rats S shh, shoo T thanks, there, tut-tut U uh-huh, uh-oh, ugh W wahoo, well, whoa, whoops, wow Y yeah, yes, yikes, yippee, yo, yuck
Phrases And Clauses Phrases – groups of words that function as a part of speech. Noun Phrase: A group of words consisting of nouns or pronouns and their modifiers that function as a noun. All of the athletes must have their equipment on. Verb Phrase: Athletes know sometimes it would be better working together. Prepositional Phrase: A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun, and functions as an adjective or an adverb. Athletes are generously greeted by fans all around the world. Appositive Phrase: A group of words that include all the words that modify an appositive and function as an adjective - IT MUST BE SURROUNDED BY COMMAS. Coaches, sometimes new, dont know how to properly help out athletes. Verbal Phrases: A group of words that begin with a verbal and ends with a noun. Gerund Phrase verb ending in -ing that functions as a noun.
Athletes in a race run around in cricles to get a thropthy. Participial Phrase word ending in -ing (present participle) or -ed (past participle) that functions as an adjective. Athletes quickly after a race or game get something for them to be recharged. Infinitive Phrase verb preceded by the word “to” (to read, to study, to write) that function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. In football many athletes after a game go to the locker room and study the other teams plays. CLAUSES Clauses – groups of words with BOTH a subject and a verb that function as parts of speech. There are TWO kinds: Independent and Dependent (called “Subordinate”) INDEPENDENT – CAN stand alone as a complete sentence, known as a simple sentence pattern. Athletes are required to give it there all while pacticing. DEPENDENT (SUBORDINATE) – CANNOT stand alone as a complete sentence and MUST begin with a SUBORDINATE
CONJUNCTION. There are seven (7) kinds:
Noun Clause: Used as the noun in a sentence and may function as a subject, a predicate noun, a direct object, an object of a preposition, an indirect object, or an appositive. Athletes when going on a trip usually check what they have packed. Adjective Clause: Used to modify a noun in an independent clause. Some adjective clauses begin with an introductory word: Athletes who get proper training usually do good in the long run. Relative Clauses: Dependent clause that begins with a relative pronoun. Athletes that come in first, second or third get a medal. Elliptical Clauses: Adverb clauses in which part of the clause is omitted. When running, it is important to have a controlled breath. Essential Clauses: Clauses necessary to the meaning of the sentence. The sports that most athletes go for are the ones that will benefit them later. Nonessential Clauses: Clauses that are NOT necessary to the meaning of the sentence. The Olympics where athletes go against eachother, which last 17 days, are over.
Sentences
Sentence – a set of words that contains a subject and a predicate and conveys a statement, command, question, or an exclamation. Sentence Parts Subject – what/who the sentence is about The soccer kids paced up and down waiting for the coach. Predicate – what the subject does The soccer kids paced up and down waiting for the coach. Sentence Types Declarative – a sentence that makes a statement (ends with a period mark) Learning to use ball control in soccer improves your skill. Imperative – a sentence that makes a command (ends with a period mark) Learn to use better ball control. Interrogative – a sentence that asks a question (ends with a question mark) People say why would anyone want to have better ball control?
Exclamatory – a sentence that expresses great emotion, passion, excitement (ends with an exclamation mark) Having ball control is amazing! Sentence Patterns Simple Sentence: A sentence that is just one independent clause. Athletes' most form of working out is a simple stretch. Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses, but no dependent clauses connected by FANBOYS (coordinating conjunctions) or a semicolon (;). Athletes stretches don't take as much time, but are useful later. Complex Sentence: A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. When most athletes stretch in the beginning, they usually perform better.
Complex-Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.
Whether athletes stretch, they mostly perform good, but sometimes have consequences. Loose Sentence: A sentence that contains an independent clause plus a subordinate construction (either a clause or phrase) with your main point at the beginning. Being a beast in athletics with no doubt puts you on the top tier list for scouts, no matter if you don't wanna be scouted. Periodic Sentence: A sentence in which the independent clause is given at the end of the sentence in order to create interest or generate suspense with the main point coming at the end.
No matter if you are a beast in athletics, scouts will change your whole career. Parallel Structure: A sentence using the same pattern of two or more verbs or ideas that match in tense or structure to show that they are of equal importance and to help the reader comprehend what is being written - this sentence requires symmetry.
Athletes that put in the work, train hard, are the ones who usually succeed. Balanced Sentence: A sentence where phrases or clauses at the beginning and the end parallel each other by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning, or length - this sentence requires symmetry.
Most athletes during the day usually train and during the day spend their nights recovering. Chiasmus: A sentence that includes a repetition of ideas (words, phrases, or clauses) in inverted (reversed) order - this sentence requires symmetry.
Athletes who take passion and dedicate their time to their sports make what sports is and without them it's nothing. Asyndeton: A sentence that leaves out conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose.
Soccer athletes usually find sadness, happiness, or excellence.
Polysyndeton: A sentence that uses multiple conjunctions in close proximity to each other between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose.
Soccer athletes usually exhibit sadness, happiness, excitement, usefulness, or excellence. Anaphora: A sentence that features the purposeful repetition of a word, words, or a phrase at the beginning of several successive clauses in order to place emphasis and draw attention.
For many athletes college can be the best time in their career, but for others it can be their make it or break it time, but many agree it is the time where you really shine. Epistrophe: A sentence featuring several phrases or clauses ending with the same word or words.
I can say that all athletes spend their time in training and getting better, that their day is usually fun, and their breaks are usually the best time when they can get to recover.
Paragraphs Paragraphs – a group of sentences that together convey a shared purpose structured around the same topic. Introductory Paragraphs (Introductions) Hook (Lead / Opening Statement) – can begin with the title Thesis Statements (the purpose of a piece of writing – usually one sentence in length, but can be longer depending on the purpose – must be something that is arguable) Assertion (claim - a subject + a “so what” about the subject) -High proteins provide good health for athletes and should not be avoided.
Fact (empirically verifiable but often difficult to argue extensively about - better used as evidence to support a claim) -Being an athlete is usually expensive. Opinion (personal position on a topic) Ex. McDonald’s makes absolutely the best fast food. -Powerade is one of the best sports drinks.
Belief (social, religious, or political in nature – an opinion held by many to be a fact, though it is not necessarily factual – often involves a judgement) -Being good at sports usually makes many socially jealous. Generalization (uses absolute or statistical pronouns: all, always, every, never, none, most, half – avoid using this type of thesis statement unless citing the source of the data) -Every athlete eats foods that better improve their health. Document Based (cites a specific source, author, and position on a topic) -In many sports books, many coaches may argue that some of the things athletes do are wrong. Theory (a statement that can be tested and potentially proven - often answers a research question) -Athletes that don't usually eat well tend to start spiralling down.
Body Paragraphs (must have echoes of the thesis in each AND present evidence to support or expand on the thesis) Topic Sentences (must specifically indicate the topic of the paragraph and focus on one subject and/or area of evidence or support – could start with a “Transition of Logic” that connects to the previous paragraph
to give context) -Many athlete coaches state that eating healthy foods benefit you in the long run. Consequences of Disregarding the Thesis (establishing the potential consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – CREATING A COUNTERARGUMENT – could be one or more sentences) -If athletes don't eat healthy there would really not be any competition and it would mostly end up being one sided. Statement(s) of Extension (extending the consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – could be one or more sentences) -As a result, many athletes and their coach get on a healthy daily plan to keep check of their health.
Reestablishing the Significance of the Thesis (could be one or more sentences) -Furthermore, athletes that eat healthy tend to have more energy and last longer in the long run. Final Sentence (closing statement that connects to the hook and finishes the essay (finish your argument) – the “Smokey the Bear”/”Drop the mic”/dot dot dot moment…)
-Show all the benefits of what eating healthy can do for an athlete, maybe eating healthy can make your life as good as theirs…..
Essays Essays – Explain what an essay is (I know, this is where I usually explain it to you but now that you have made it to the end of this project, it’s your turn) Types – Explain each type of essay and state its purpose Persuasive (Argumentative) This type of easy where you use your logic and arguments to persuade or convince a reader. Expository (Informative) This type of essay requires a student to investigate an idea. Definition or Description Process (How-to) Compare and Contrast Cause and Effect Analytical/Critical This type of easy makes you ask a question or an argument about something for example a book. Evaluative Interpretive
Narrative (Tells a story) This type of essay has only one point which the essay revolves around. Personal Statement/Anecdote Research Your own research and evaluation of your topic. Examples: Lab Report, Comparison between two topics Timed This type of essa is where you show your academic knowledge about your topic in a certain amount of time. Document Based Question (DBQ) Synthesis Example : Exams, In Class essays Strategies/Planning Tips/Steps – Explain how to plan and organize essays and how to analyze and break down prompts. Pre-writing/Prompt Analysis/Outlining Researching/Evaluating of Sources Examples: Develop a strategic plan Execute said plan Review and revise plan
Work Cited Page – Explain and give an example of how to set up a works cited entry in both MLA and APA formats there are subtle differences between each format, so be sure to identify them clearly. MLA Format Examples: Your name, Instructor, course Date Title of Source. Publisher, Publication Date Location. Takei George,¨They Called us Enemy¨, IDW Publishing, July 16, 2019 APA Format 1) “ All text should be double-spaced. 2) Use one-inch margins on all sides. 3) All paragraphs in the body are indented. 4) Make sure that the title is centered on the page with your name and school/institution underneath. 5) Use a 12-point font throughout. 6) All pages should be numbered in the upper right hand corner.”