SHANGHAI ART AND ARCHITECTURE BIENNALE

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RMIT University School of Architecture + Design

Postgraduate Design Research by Project 项目型设计研究生 Across most universities internationally, postgraduate research in architecture and design has traditionally involved a written thesis dissertation. This has commonly involved employing research methodologies drawn from the adjacent disciplines of art history, cultural theory, building science, environmental science and sociology, with arguments presented through the established conventions and methodologies of the sciences or humanities. While this approach can be effective in research for design and about design, it precludes the possibility of engaging with research through design. 在大多数国际大学里,建筑设计研究生一般是通过递交毕业论文来完成其学业。它 通常是包含了从多种相邻学科如文学史,文化理论,建筑科学,环境科学和社会学 中总结得出的研究方法,同时也借鉴了自然科学和人文科学中已有的传统模式及方 法论的研究方法。然而这种方法对为设计研究和从事与设计相关的研究可能是行之 有效的,但它对边设计边研究却是无效的。 The RMIT School of Architecture and Design was one of the first schools internationally to develop and offer a postgraduate design research by project model. This approach emphasises the undertaking of research by and through design projects, employing design practices and methodologies relevant to the discipline. RMIT建筑设计学院是最早培养并授予项目型设计研究生学位的国际学院之一。这 种培养方式着重于运用与学科相关的设计实践和方法论,利用并通过这一设计项目 来进行研究。 The RMIT Master of Architecture (research by project) degree was inaugurated in 1987, followed by the PhD (research by project) in Architecture the mid1990’s. The model has subsequently been adopted across the design disciplines in the school with both Masters and PhD by project degrees offered in Architecture, Interior Design, Industrial Design, Landscape Architecture and Fashion. RMIT于1987年设立了(项目型)建筑硕士点,之后在九十年代中期设立了(项目 型)建筑博士点。这种项目型硕士研究生(MA)和博士研究生(PhD)的培养模式随 后被该学院其他设计学科如建筑设计,室内设计,工业设计,园林建筑设计与时尚 所采用。 Tri-polar research clusters have been formed across these disciplines. The Advanced Technologies stream focuses on research into emerging digital design technologies and practices, supported by the RMIT Spatial Information Architecture Laboratory. The Urban Environments stream focuses on architecture and design practices in the context of contemporary urbanism, supported by the RMIT Urban Architecture Laboratory. The Expanded Field cluster focuses on innovative interdisciplinary practices. Research activities within the school are further supported by the RMIT Design Research Institute, which facilitates research partnerships across the university and out with industry. 该学科成立了一个三级研究小组。由空间信息建筑实验室负责的高级技术组,着重 于数据设计技术及实践的研究。由城市建筑实验室负责的城市环境小组,着重于 在当代城市化下的建筑设计实践的研究以及从事跨学科创新实践研究的拓展领域小 组。学院的研究活动都由RMIT设计研究学院负责,其主要职能是帮助整个大学内 部之间及大学与外部其他行业之间进行合作研究。 The Reflective Practice stream is a key cohort of invited candidates who are exemplary practitioners who have already demonstrated professional mastery and peer acclaim in their design practice. They reflect on their body of work and the research embodied within their practice, and then extend this mastery in a research context. 反思实践小组是由受邀请的,具有专业优势并受到同僚认可的研究生组成,他们对 作品实体和包含有实践性的研究进行深思探索,然后在此研究背景下将其不断拓 展。

RMIT postgraduate candidates who are primarily undertaking research through design typically engage in a series of project based design investigations and speculations, employing disciplinary design practices and techniques such as design drawings, diagrams, models and prototypes. This research activity does not readily follow the hypothesis-testing model of the sciences. It involves, but is not simply reducible to problem solving. Design research is necessarily exploratory and iterative. It occurs through cycles of performative creative investigation in response to a selective framework of focusing concerns or problematics. Key design relationships are framed and brought to the fore. Productive design responses to particular situations or concerns are trialled, seeking qualitative improvement. RMIT通过设计进行研究的研究生主要是运用学科设计实践和技术,例如设计图 纸,图表,模型和原型等进行一系列的项目型设计调查及推测。这种研究行为并不 是照搬科学假设验证模式。它包含这一模式,但并不能简单地简化为问题解决。设 计研究就是必要的反复的探索研究,它通过希望达到预期效果的创造性调查反映在 关切和问题式的选择性框架上来完成这一行为。
主要的设计关系已经被构架出来并 且至于研究前列。对特殊情况和关注的问题做出回应的生产设计也在试验中,并试 图寻求定性改进。 Research questions are usefully revised and refined during the candidacy through reflection on the provisional outcomes of the designing. Disciplinary and design knowledge is advanced through cycles of creative application and critical reflection. In this way, the postgraduate project-based design research model offers a far greater capacity for an engagement with methodologies and processes that involve relevant disciplinary design and communication practices. Postgraduate candidates may undertake applied research through projects situated in industry contexts, but they often also engage in research through speculative and unbuilt works. 通过对临时设计成果的评论,参与者在研究过程中不断修改并完善研究问题。经过 反复的有建设性的申请和批判性的评论,不断加深学科设计知识。这样就给参与项 目型研究模式的研究生提供了更好的为从事含有相关学科设计和交流实践的教学模 式和过程的研究空间。尽管研究生可以通过与行业背景相符的项目进行应用研究, 但他们也经常通过纯理论和未成形作品进行研究。 Research embodied within these design project investigations is framed by an accompanying exegesis. Examinations involve an exhibition and verbal presentation to a panel of examiners, with assessment that focuses primarily on qualitative criteria. The project works, exegesis and exhibition documentation are submitted as an appropriate durable record, examples of which are available to be viewed within this exhibition. 借助注释,建立起一个包含有这些设计项目调查在内的研究框架。在主要强调定性 准则的评估下,考试是包含有一场展览和向专家组进行口头表述。项目作品,注释 和展览文献资料都作为适当持久记录(即Appropriate Durable Record,简称ADR) 上交,
在这个展览中随时可以一览所有材料。 For candidates weighing up whether to undertake research by project, a simple test is to consider whether this mode of working would enable relevant research investigations to occur that could not be readily undertaken otherwise. 对于研究生来说在衡量是否参与项目型研究之前,首先要考虑的一个简单的问题就 是这种模式能否激发相关研究调查,否则他们不会冒然参与研究。 Brent Allpress RMIT Architecture Research Director School of Architecture + Design RMIT University GPO Box 2476V Melbourne VIC 3001, Australia

phone: +61 3 9925 3555 fax: +61 3 9925 3507 email: winnie.ha@rmit.edu.au url: http://www.rmit.edu.au/AD


Han Li

Recombination: Towards Contemporary Group Form

Master of Architecture (Research by Project) Urban Architecture stream Supervisors: Shane Murray and Nigel Bertram

This research offers methods and strategies that are developed in response to a series of topical contemporary architectural and urban issues in order to pursue more adaptable, heterogeneous and dynamic organisational systems, termed “group form”. This design-based research was undertaken in the RMIT Urban Architecture Laboratory. Methods and strategies developed in an intensive design studio mode over two semesters were implemented in a culminating project. The first project investigates a new type of rural planning more adaptive to recession, a global challenge for small rural towns in remote areas. The force of shrinking is utilised to break up an existing system and generate a new one that is more flexible and selfsustained.

The second project rejuvenates a decaying inner city industrial precinct. A more vital and diverse system for a contemporary industrial precinct is sought that evolves from the existing declining condition, while avoiding its replacement by homogenous residential developments. The general research strategy of ‘recombination’ is developed in the final projects to challenge monofunctional zoning in a growing suburban area of Melbourne. Eliminating strict boundaries between business, public and residential zones creates a more complicated and integrated suburban activity centre system. Without rigid urban growth boundaries, a new model and interpretation of urban expansion into agricultural landscape is conceived, which allows for the coexistence of suburbs and agricultural lands, and offers a positive new way of thinking about suburban sprawl.


Paul Minifie

Reifications

Master of Architecture (Research by Project) Supervisors: Shane Murray and Leon van Schaik

This research examines architectural composition in the context of emerging digital technologies and practices through the undertaking of a series of design project case studies. These projects approach the doing of architecture as a kind of techne trouve or strange procedure, enacting a dialogue with digitally enabled methods. A concern of this research is to devise a way of bringing some of the inherent possibilities of these kinds of media into an architectural discussion. In the past, design and construction techniques that exhibit elegance of means and formal consistency have worked to establish a kind of self-evident grounding from which architectural values can be elaborated. Digital techniques enable a kind of quickening that

enables certain concepts about making to become viable, operative and active. Working within the inherent logic of particular digital techniques offers new scope for thinking about architecture. This research posits that a design project can be understood as being pre-iconic, if only momentarily, in a state before it is inscribed with cultural meaning. What is it about the arrangement of forms and concepts that can differentiate a project? One way of conceiving of a project is by asking if it makes some kind of sense, rather than by asking what it might mean. New methods of formal creation can thus be freed to interact with architectural concepts without first negotiating a critical conception of encultured meaning.


Qinghseng He

Shanghai seedtime: a dynamic urban organisation

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Master of Landscape Architecture (Research by Project) Supervisors: Rosalea Monaceloa and SueAnne Ware

Landscape Architecture is not even officially recognized government’s proposedLandscape metro line as a profession in China. architects were just considered as traditional garden artists. I came to RMIT to study landscape architecture having brought with me a six-year civil engineering background. ‘Seedtime’, according to the Oxford Dictionary, is defined as ‘a time of new growth or development’. In the model of Chinese agriculture, ‘seedtime’ is described as a continuous evolution and development of a cultivated rice field over seasons. The term does not literally refer to a given time-frame but rather is suggestive of an adaptive morphology as a new form of organization. ‘Seedtime’ is used in my project’s title not to merely indicate a period of time but to also imply a period of change in the way that suggests a dynamic urban organization . This project explores the term ‘dynamic’ from the

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initial premise that infrastructural systems should not be considered as inflexible geometry overlapped onto a rigid and ordered urban fabric, but instead work as active and responsive ground structures for accommodating a set of transformable urban elements, such as ‘buildings, roads, utilities, open spaces, neighborhoods, and natural habitats.’ How can an adaptive urban morphology of organization be developed that has the capacity to increase the use of the site (as infrastructure) in Shanghai over longer periods of time? This is the central research question that initiated the subsequent Masters research. This project is located as part of the redevelopment of the Shanghai waterfront area that will take place in the Lujiazui CBD between 2005 and 2020 (the redevelopment of the Lanshan residential area and the old Shanghai Shipyard area).

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Roger Kemp

Negotiating space - an interior practice. [Looking into – looking through]

Master of Arts in Interior design (Research by Project) Supervisors: Suzie Attiwill and Andrea Mina

The Masters explored, experimented and developed ways of looking in space; looking into and looking through space is proposed as specific viewing operations for an interior discipline. This is in contrast to looking at, which has an object emphasis. Looking into and looking through enacts a negotiation with space, a participatory engagement with what is seen. This distinction between looking into/looking through and looking at was initially based on an instinctive distinction. The research conducted through the Masters has affirmed this distinction and enabled me to not only position it more clearly but also actively engage with it. The Masters has led me to an understanding and development of a drawing strategy that negotiates a space by extracting qualities and characteristics relevant to interior concerns, such as: spatial sequence, available views, adjacencies and relations. As such, it encourages thinking and analysis supportive of an interior production. This occurs not so much as a questioning of the type of drawing used, but the role that drawing can play in the development of an interior sensibility. This drawing strategy apprehends conditions of space

encountered through a participatory engagement and remembers those encounters through a spatial sensation captured by material relations and making actions. The making of lines as marks or physical entities places the hand actively in the interior space of drawing, which at times resembles and retraces that of the initial bodily encounter. The documentation makes apparent the conditions of interior. It is not simply a question of seeing or perceiving them - they can only be understood or known after they are drawn. The drawing strategies developed through this Masters offers a strengthened relationship between designer and site through participation with the space - both in a physical experience of the space and an extended relation through drawing. The mnemonic function of my drawings closes the gap between the studio, the existing space and the initial encounter. Designers most often design from a remote location to the existing space or site. It is this remote working that begs another relationship, if the existing is to be fully appreciated for its potential in the development of subsequent interiors.


Scott Balmforth & Gerard Reinmuth

Terroir as a state of mind

Master of Architecture (Research by Project) Reflective Practice Invited Stream Supervisor: Leon van Schaik

This research uses current office projects by Terroir as exemplars of the presentation of our ideas and methodology, to seek critical accounts of what we do and propositions to assist us in using our “state of mind” as a platform for further innovation in an expanding and evolving practice. This platform for moving forward is primarily structured upon the collaboration between Gerard Reinmuth and Scott Balmforth – with a greater awareness of practice operative procedures to deal with new issues confronted during the Masters program, including working outside collectives that encourage mastery with our exposure to new clients, and managing increased practice scale.

The Catalogue follows a three-phase approach. Phase 1 reflects on the “established mastery” that formed the basis on which we were invited into the program. Phase 2 consists of a collection of around 10 projects undertaken during the candidacy that became the subject matter of the masters, presented thematically. Phase 3 is the projective phase – where we speculate on future directions. We have opted to publish schematic work from a range of new projects in the context of the lessons learned from this process. We have also added a further bridging passage between Phases 2 and 3 consisting of one cathartic presentation of 150 emails documenting the design process for an international competition.


Shane Murray

Architectural Design and Discourse

PhD in Architecture (Research by Project) Supervisors: Leon van Schaik and John Macarthur

How do we design buildings and how might we speak about this process? What is spoken and written about contemporary architecture is in many instances disassociated or inadequate in explaining architectural design. Over the previous twenty years, architectural discourse has either been inadequate in explaining architectural composition or has had an alternative purpose other than to describe the architecture it accompanies. Architects use concepts and theories borrowed from other disciplines to authorise or legitimise their architecture. They seek the legitimacy or authority that is attached to these external concepts and theories rather than their utility or relevance for either the production or explanation of their work. This research proposes a methodology by which

an individual design process can be enquired into and described, that might be applied by others to develop a body of discourse contributing to the understanding of architectural design processes. This is undertaken through a detailed account of the design a series of projects that is directly connected to actual issues that influence design composition and formal execution. This research is presented as a series of architectural representations of the executed design projects together with an exegesis that describes the process of their execution and the manner in which each design achieves its intended aims. In addition the research contains a separate text that describes the relationship between architectural design and its discourse over the previous thirty years.


SueAnne Ware

Anti-memorials: Rethinking the landscape of memory

PhD in Landscape Architecture (Research by Project) Expanded field stream Supervisors: Leon van Schaik and Ranulph Glanville

There is an incongruity between the inherent changeability of landscapes and memories and conventional formal strategies of commemoration. If we think of memory as not some platonic ideal that is pure or complete, but a periodic process of re-evaluation and reconstruction given present contexts, do our ideas about designing memorials evolve? My research and design work tries to negotiate with the slippery qualities of memory as a way of generating memorial form. It speculates on new programs for memorials

which include temporary and ephemeral processes. It attempts to negotiate with the changeability of states and conditions as generative and speculative, as well as operative. Memorial design is also constantly imbibed with expectations of specificity and local identity within a national context. My practice reflects upon these challenges and offers further speculation into how design can utilise ephemeral qualities of landscape and memory in an innovative manner.


RMIT University Architecture + Design project galleries http://www.rmit.edu.au/ad/galleries



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RMIT University Architecture + Design and Art, Postgraduate Research by Project new checkout (metro+parking)

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Assoc Prof Andrea Mina Director, International Development RMIT School of Architecture & Design

Exhibition Design Stuart Geddes Chase & Galley

Assoc Prof Lesley Duxbury Post Graduate Research Coordinator RMIT School of Art

Exhibition Curators

Brent Allpress Architecture Research Director RMIT School of Architecture & Design


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