Visual Order.
1
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
Figure/Ground P. 6-7
Similarity P. 8-9 Proximity P. 10-11 Closure P. 12-13 Continuance P. 14-15 Translation P. 18-19 Rotation P. 20-21 Reflection P. 22-23 Glide/Reflection P. 24-25 Dilation P. 26-27 Symmetric balance P. 30-31 Asymmetric balance P. 32-33 Ambiguous balance P. 34-35 Neutral balance. 36-37
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
4
aka: Gestalt laws of grouping
First proposed by Gestalt psychologists to account for the observation that humans naturally perceive objects as organized patterns and objects. Gestalt psychologists argued that these principles exist because the mind has an innate disposition to perceive patterns in the stimulus based on certain rules.
Principles of grouping
V
V V V I S U A L O R D E R 14
6
V
VV
Figure/Ground: Seeing the figure stand out from the background of an image
7
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
8
ii i i i i ii i i i i i i i
Similarity: Visually grouping similar objects together, by color, shape, size, etc.
i ii ii i i i i i ii i i
i ii i i ii i i i i i i i i
ii ii i i ii i ii i i i i i
9
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS SS SS SSSS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SSS SSS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SSSS SS SS SS SS SSSS SSSS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SSS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SSS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S SS V I S U A L O R D E R 14
10
Proximity: Grouping objects together that are near in space, time or relationship
11
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
12
Closure: Seeing an image that is incomplete, and the mind tries to complete or close the image
13
U U
U UU UU UU UU UU U U U U UU UU U UU UUU U UU UU U U U U U UU U U U U U U U U U UU
UU
UU
U
U U U U U U
U
U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U UU U U U U UU UU U U UU U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U UU
UU
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
14
Continuance: Continue to follow a series of images or objects
15
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
16
Symmetric Operations
The result of two consecutive reflection operations in the same plane, so any new objects correspond to the original.
Symmetry
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
18
L
L LL
LL L
L
L
LL
LL
L
L
LLL L
L L L LL
LL
LL
L
L
L LLL
L
L L L
L
L
L
LL L
L LL
L
LLL
L
LLL L
L
LLL
L
LLL L
L
L
L
L
L
L LL
L LL
L
L
LL L
L
LL L
LL L
L
L
L L L L LL LLLL LL LLLL LLLL LLLL L LL
LL
LL
L
L
LLL L
L L L LL
LL
LL
L
L
L LLL
L
L L L
L
L L L LL
L
LLL
L
LL L
L LL
L LLL L
LLL L
L
LLL
L
LLL L
L
L
L
LLL
L L L LL
L
L LL
L
L
L LL
L LL
LL L
L
LL L
LL L
L
L
L L LL LLLL LLLL LLLL LLLL LLLL L
L L L
L L L LL
L L L
L
L L L LL
L L L
L
L LLL
L
L
Translation: A linear generation of a figure equal distances apart
L
L
L
LLL L L
LLL
L
LLL L L
LLL
L
LLL L
L
L
L
L
LLL
19
L
L
L
L
L
L
L L
L
L L LL LLLL LLLL LLLL LLLL LLLL
O
O
O
O O
OO
O
O
OO
OO
O O
O
OO
O
O
O O
O O
O O O
O O O
O O O
O
O O O O O O O O O
O
O
OO O
O
O O
OO O O
O
O O
O O
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
O
O
O
O
O
O
O O O O O O O O O
O
O
O
O
O
20
Rotation: Pivoting a object on predetermined axis
21
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
22
Reflection: A mirrored image over an axis
rr rr
rrr r r r r r r rr rrr rrr r r r
r r r r r r r r r
r r r
23
r
r
rrr rrr r
r
D DD
D D
D D D
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
D D D D
24
D D
Glide Reflection: A mirrored image over an axis, then glided to a new position on the axis
25
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
26
E
EE
EEEE
EEE
e e e eee
eee ee
E E e e EEE
27
Dilation: A set of images that change size in regular intervals
EEE
EEEE
ee eeee eee
ee ee e
ee e
eee e eeee
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
28
The equilibrium or balance refers to the distribution of elements within the format. The arrangement of the compositional elements can result in visual stability that is either static or active.
Compositional Balance
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
30
Symmetric Balance: Equal sides of an image with an axis in the center
31
R RR R
11
32
1
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
11
Asymmetric Balance: Unequal sides of an image, with a axis not in the center
33
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
34
35
Ambiguous Balance: An unknown balance of an image
44
4
44
44
*
**
**
**
**
**
**
*
**
**
** **
**
*
**
**
**
**
**
** *
**
**
**
** ** * ** ** * * * * * * * ** * **
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
* * * * * * * * * ** * * *** * *
36
Neutral Balance: No balance of an image, everything is just scattered across the image
37
V I S U A L O R D E R 14
38
desn 200 in the graphic design program at the kcai—michael kidwell, assistant professor.
You never really realize how much we use and see the basic ideas grouping, symmetry, and compistion until you really break it down and work with them. It can make such a huge difference in any piece by following these simple rules. http://brendansmithdesign.blogspot.com
Brendan Smith
14