Coin news 2013 02 by Bungy

COIN

COIN NEWS February 2013

Where

money

FEBRUARY 2013 £3.85

B A N K N O T E

N E W S

NEWS

I N C O R P O R A T I N G

talks

YEAR OF THE SNAKE • CONSTANTINE’S TRUE VISION • JAMES II’S GUN MONEY PUZZLE

Snake Year of the

Cashing in on a lunar festivity

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE

Vol. 50 No. 02

FABLED 1930 PENNY The “Holy Grail” of Australian numismatics

What’s it worth?

WESTERN BANK OF SCOTLAND A notorious banking failure

This month we focus on Decimal £5 and Rep. of Ireland notes

:K\ 3D\ DQ $XFWLRQ +RXVH IRU 6HOOLQJ \RXU &ROOHFWLRQ" When you sell your coins or banknotes, you want the best price possible and you want a quick and easy transaction. Today most auction houses charge the seller 15% and there is also a buyer’s premium of 20% on all sales. On top of that you have to pay a non refundable VAT charge of 20%. That means that auction houses are charging you 42% for selling your material and that is without insurance or photography charges. On top of that, you wait months for your collection to come up for sale and then, if something is unsold, after all that time you get the unsold coins or banknotes returned to you. Of course you get paid, eventually, read their terms, the auction houses only pay you, when they have been paid. It can take six months or more between putting the material into auction and your getting paid and when you do, it is less 42%. Doesn’t sound like the best deal to me… If you sell to Coincraft, where most of the British dealers sell, we look at your coins and banknotes and make you an offer on the spot. When we agree the price, and 90% of our offers are accepted, we pay you outright then and there. No waiting, no losing 42%, just a quick easy transaction and immediate payment. It is as simple as that. Sell where the dealers sell! Immediate payment and we will buy everything you have for sale, no picking and choosing, we will make you an offer on everything. For more than 55 years Coincraft has been dealing with collectors and making collecting fun again. What can you sell to us? Immediate payment, no hassle and no 42% charge!

In this issue PUBLISHING FOR COLLECTORS SINCE 1983

Incorporating BANKNOTE NEWS

COIN

CONSTANTINE CHI RHO 42

NEWS ISSN 0958-1391

February 2013 Volume 50 No. 02

COMPETITION

Formerly Coin & Medal News incorporating Coins & Medals, Irish Numismatics, and Banknote News Published monthly by Token Publishing Ltd.

Available at your Newsagent,

or by Annual Subscription Within UK £38.00 for 12 issues Europe and World surface mail £46.00 World airmail £56.00 Please note that Editorial, orders, subscriptions and general enquiries can ALL be contacted at the following address: Orchard House, Duchy Road, Heathpark, Honiton, Devon EX14 1YD Orders, subscriptions, etc.: Telephone: 01404 44166 Advertising enquiries: Telephone: 01404 44167 General enquiries: Telephone: 01404 46972 Fax: 01404 44788 E-mail: info@tokenpublishing.com Website: www.tokenpublishing.com Managing Editor John W. Mussell, FRGS Member, British Numismatic Society, Numismatic Literary Guild, American Numismatic Association, International Banknote Society, etc. Advertising Director Carol Hartman Marketing Director Philip Mussell, BA DipM MCIM MIDM Deputy Editor Janet Webber, BA Hons Art Editor Lisa Camm-Keyte Advertising Manager Celia Dunsford Advertising Production Controller Klara Bodfish Book Publishing Coordinator Fiona Pyle Sales and Subscription Manager Alyson Thomas Executive Assistant Janis Thatcher Production Assistant Abbey Becow Warehouse Assistant Alan Paul Accounts Manager Jackie Taylor Editorial Consultant John Pearson Andrew

Feature article 37 The Year of the Snake

Chinese Lunar calendar celebrated

Ancients 42 Constantine’s true vision From Plato’s Chi (X) to the Christian Chi Rho.

In focus 46 James II Gun Money Puzzle Funding a power struggle

Insight 48 Monte Carlo or bust

A visit to the Monaco Numismatique show

Medallic miscellany 51 No token protest

Examining the Tichborne Claimant medal

Collector’s notebook 53 Australia’s fabled 1930 penny

The Australian numismatic “Holy Grail”

to basics 62 ABack fine distinction

Keeping your collection safe

Banknote feature 69 The Western Bank of Scotland A notorious banking failure

Choose a Medal See feature on page 84

Papermoney 69 Hell Money for beginners

A symbolic Chinese tradition

REGULARS Editor’s Comment...............................................2 Coin news & views .......................................... 14 View of the Bay ................................................. 22 Around the World ............................................ 24 New issues coin update ................................ 26 Royal Mint Bulletin .......................................... 28 Market Scene .................................................... 30 Price Guide to £5 COINS ............................... 56 Coin of the Month ........................................... 58 Bookshelf ........................................................... 60 Banknote News ................................................ 67 Price Guide ROI CURRENCY COMMISSION. 76 New issues banknote update...................... 78 Letters .................................................................. 83 Competition ...................................................... 84 Dealer Directory............................................... 89 Diary dates ......................................................... 90 Semi-display adverts ...................................... 89 The Web Page ................................................... 91 Classified advertising ..................................... 94

Front cover: Year of the Snake—see page 37.

Printed in England by Buxton Press for Smith-Marriott Ltd, Exeter Distributed to the Newstrade by Comag Specialist, Tavistock Works, Tavistock Road, West Drayton, Middlesex, UB7 7QX COIN NEWS is © 2013 Token Publishing. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is expressly prohibited. The views expressed by advertiser and contributors in COIN NEWS are not necessarily the opinions of the publishers. Whilst every eﬀort has been made to ensure accuracy, neither Token Publishing nor its contributors can accept liability for errors or omissions. Printed by the “Environmental Printer of the Year” For every magazine published, we plant a tree . . .

Thanks—Token Publishing Ltd would like to express their thanks to the various auction houses that allow us to use their images in support of the collecting hobby.

Coin news

Editor’s comment

Too much of a good thing? I

T has come to our attention that the Bank of Canada has recently returned almost 250,000 gold 5 and 10 dollar coins to the Ottawa Mint (now of course the Royal Canadian Mint, the RCM), apparently they were part of the country’s gold reserve put down in 1912, 1913 and 1914 and thus are dated from those years. They have remained in the Bank’s vaults all these years as they were not needed and now, in a deal worked out late last year with RCM, they have come onto the open market. These coins, which were the very first of Canada’s own style gold coinage (they used English sovereigns before 1912) which feature the George V’s effigy with Canada’s arms within maple leaves on the reverse have now been “slabbed” by NGC and sold by RCM at a substantial profit, with prices ranging from $500 for one coin to $12,000 for a set of 6 (one of each date 5 and 10 dollar). Now initially collectors of Canadian coins may consider this to be a good thing, after all suddenly hitherto impossible to own coins are within the reach of many and surely that’s a good thing for the hobby isn’t it? Surely more people able to complete their collections can only be good for numismatics, can’t it? Apparently not, as many collectors are up in arms at the RCM’s decision to release these coins, having paid upwards of $2000 for those coins previously on the market. Now with thousands more out there (they have all already been sold) what will happen to the value? We all know that the price of coins, indeed most things, is directly related to supply and demand so with a sudden new supply hitting the market and the demand unlikely to match pace it is unlikely that these coins will go back to their previous value for some time, and of course there is the danger that there are even more coins out there in vaults—and if not coins of these dates perhaps there are others soon to be available? And what if the Canadian banks are not the only ones with such treasures in their possession? What if there are other coins just waiting to come to light in the US? In Europe? In Britain? What will that do to prices? Some years ago we visited the Debden Security Printing plant in Loughton, Essex and were privileged enough to be able to witness the presses that printed Bank of England notes—and whilst that was very impressive we were also struck by the fact that not only were notes printed there but they were also disposed of there too. Any notes that come in to high street banks, whether tatty tenners printed last year and put through the wash or crisp white fivers printed last century and hidden in a bureau are exchanged for face value then sent to the Bank of England to be destroyed. At first we were horrified by this, believing that any historically important notes should be offered to collectors rather than burned or shredded but now maybe we aren’t so sure. After all if notes were routinely sent into the collector market from the bank then what would that do to prices? Undoubtedly much the same as has happened in Canada . . . Collectors of Roman, Celtic or Anglo-Saxon coins have always recognised this problem, knowing full well that they could pay a premium for one rare coin only for a hoard to come to light some time in the future, it is a hazard of such a collection and one that is left to chance—when the banks and mints start actively flooding the market, well that is a different story. This of course begs the question—should we care more about the items themselves or their value? Should we be rejoicing in new finds and encourage banks and Mints to release any stockpiles they may have so that more collectors can enjoy the pleasure of ownership? Or actively encourage them not to? Trying instead to convince them to keep their treasures to themselves, or even destroy them so that values can be maintained? It’s never an easy decision to make—we are all numismatists, keen to encourage others to collect and happy to help others achieve their dream but we are also realists and few of us would be happy spending the hundreds, if not thousands, of pounds we may have had to get our collections to where they are if we thought we were going to lose all that money! There is no easy answer and your position probably depends on whether you are the person who already owns a 1912 10 dollar piece, obtained at a cost, or the person now able to JOHN W. MUSSELL afford one because there are lots more around! Group Managing Editor

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February 2013

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Coin News

News & views Vigo leads the way

ORRINGES AUCTIONEERS achieved what may well be a record price for a coin sold in a provincial auction house, as the 1703 Queen Anne Vigo 5 guineas, the star lot in their December 6 sale, was knocked down for an amazing £240,000 (£296,160 with Buyer’s Premium). The coin was consigned by the widow of a man from Tunbridge Wells who is thought to have inherited the coin at some time. The lady had found the coin among her late husband’s effects while she was cleaning. The coins were minted from the gold captured from the Franco-Spanish bullion fleet on October 12, 1702 by Admiral Sir George Rooke’s AngloDutch fleet. Rooke’s fleet was returning from a failed attempt to capture Cadiz when it engaged and destroyed the Franco-Spanish bullion fleet sheltering in Vigo Bay on the North Eastern Coast of Spain. Such was the overwhelming success of the action that, despite the fact that the Spanish had already off-loaded most of the treasure, it served as a major propaganda victory, distracting public attention from the previous disastrous amphibious assault on Cadiz. Although less than 4,500lb of silver and a mere 7lb 8oz of gold actually made it to the Mint, it was transported there with great pageantry and received in person by the then Master of the Mint, Sir Isaac Newton. A royal warrant was issued causing the bullion to be coined and the word “VIGO” to be inserted under Queen Anne’s bust in order to “Continue to Posterity the Remembrance of that Glorious Action”. It is believed 20 examples of the 5 guineas were struck, with fewer than 15 coins remaining in private collections. Only six other examples have been offered for sale in the UK in the past 50 years. Leslie Gillham of Gorringes said: “A client of ours asked to bring in some coins that she had found at home. I wasn’t really excited at the time because most coins we come across are worth very little. She produced from her handbag one or two old silver coins worth a few pounds. I flippantly said ‘It’s a pity you haven’t got any gold ones’ and she said that she had. With that she produced this 1703 five guinea piece. She said she had found it in her late husband’s chest of drawers and he died some years ago. She knew nothing about it at all and neither did her grown-up children. I thought that it must be a fake. She left it with me to do some more research on. I sought a second opinion which confirmed it was genuine and I went and saw her to give her the good news. She was very cool over it. Her husband was a professional man and beyond that we have no idea how he came by it. He must have inherited it”. The lot, which is graded EF, carried a pre-sale estimate of £80,000–120,000.

Noble Investments acquires Dreweatts

N December 18, 2012 the Directors of Noble Investments plc, parent company of Baldwin’s, announced that they had made an offer to acquire The Fine Art Auction Group Limited (TFAAG ). Dreweatts Auctioneers, which forms part of that business, dates back to 1759 and provides auctioneering and valuation services for ﬁne arts, antiques, jewellery and collectables. Regular programmes of auctions are held at its salerooms at Donnington Priory, Bristol and Godalming as well as at other ad hoc UK locations. Since June 2011 it has also been conducting auctions in Mayfair following its acquisition of the Bloomsbury Auctions business which specialises in rare books, manuscripts and contemporary works on paper. Commenting on the acquisition, Noble’s Managing Director Ian Goldbart said, “I am delighted that we have completed the acquisition of TFAAG. The combination of the Dreweatts, Bloomsbury, Apex Philatelic and Baldwin’s brands creates a signiﬁcant force in the auction market and dramatically expands Noble’s current product range and in-house team of specialists. TFAAG’s auctions comprise the key disciplines of antique furniture, traditional and contemporary art, jewellery, watches, silver, antiquarian books, ancient and modern manuscripts, Asian and European ceramics and a comprehensive range of collectables. The enlarged Group, including our existing overseas auctions in New York and Hong Kong, produced well over £50 million in hammer during 2012”.

Usurper at DNW

N antoninianus of the usurper Proculus from an unknown Gallic Mint is on offer at the DNW Ancient Coins and Artefacts sale of March 21. Proculus was a soldier who was asked by the people of Lyon to proclaim himself emperor against Emperor Probus in 280 as part of their rebellion. The challenge ultimately failed and Proculus was killed in 281. The coin is featured in the sale is the second only recorded specimen and the only one available to the market. It carries an estimate of £50,000– 70,000. To ﬁnd out more about the sale visit www.dnw.co.uk or telephone 020 7016 1700.

Coin news

Fiji Launches Queen-free Coins & Banknotes

T 10.00am on 12.12.12 the Reserve Bank of Fiji formally launched its new coins and banknotes. These will be the first coins and banknotes not to show an effigy of a British monarch in 78 years. Queen Elizabeth’s place has been supplanted by images of the country’s fauna and flora. The new coins have been struck by the Royal Canadian Mint and the notes printed by De La Rue Currency. Representatives of both organisations were in attendance at the official launch, undertaken by President Ratu Epeli Nailatikau at the Novotel Convention Centre. A $2 coin replaces the former banknote while the $5 note will be printed on polymer for the first time. The new coins comprise different sizes, edges, and images to help the visually-impaired. These will circulate alongside existing coins as will the new with the old notes. The intention is to phase out all existing notes by December 2013. Special collector sets of coins and notes have been made in limited numbers. To find out more visit: www.reservebank.gov.fj. The full story and images will appear in next month’s COIN NEWS. Dr Kerry Rodgers www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

News & views Dutch win Coin of the Year

HE winners of the Coin of the Year Awards for coins issued in 2011, have been announced by its US organiser, Krause Publications. The initial 99 coins in the running were whittled down to ten winners for each of the categories and one overall winner. The winners are: Most Historically Significant—National Bank of Kyrgyzstan 10 Som (commemorating the Silk Road); Best Contemporary Event—Austrian Mint 25 euro (evolution of robotics); Best Gold coin—South African Mint 50 rand, gold (meerkats); Best Silver coin—Royal Canadian Mint’s 20 dollar, silver (canoe and reflection); Best Crown—Monnaie de Paris (second issue in new series “From Clovis to Republic—1500 Years of French History”); Best Trade coin—National Bank of Lithuania 1 litas (basketball); Most Popular coin—National Bank of Mongolia 500 tugrik, silver (crystal-eyed owl); Most Artistic coin—National Bank of Latvia 1 lats, silver (Alexandrs Caks); Most Innovative coin of the year—Royal Dutch Mint 5 euro, silver (Mint’s 100th anniversary, with QR code); Most Inspirational coin—Mint of Poland 10 zlotych, silver (100th Anniversary of the Society for the Protection of the Blind). The overall winner was the Dutch Mint whose coin (pictured) featured the innovative Quick Response Code where smart phone users can access more information about the coin and an on-line game. To find out more go to www.numismaster.com/ta/numis/Article.jsp?ad =article&ArticleId=26201&et_mid=594985&rid=2233273.

DELIGHTFUL DUBLIN

ELD twice a year, February and October, the Dublin Coin Fair has established itself as one of the friendliest and most relaxed numismatic events in the collecting calendar. Not only is Dublin a vibrant and thoroughly enjoyable city to visit, it is so easy to get to and there is a wealth of ﬁrst-rate hotels to choose from, many offering exceptionally low rates. Organiser Michael Kelly runs the fair over two days and this year’s February event will take place on Saturday and Sunday, February 23– 24—at the Serpentine Hall (Anglesea Road entrance) of The Royal Dublin Society, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4. The show gets under way at 11am, so time for a lie-in after the “night before”, closing at 6pm each day. Admission is just €5. To ﬁnd out more contact Michael on 00353 86 8714 880. See you there!

Golden highlights

Lot 2418—an Edward III noble in extremely ﬁne condition carries an estimate of €7,500.

ARCH is certainly an action-packed month for the numismatist and one event sure to capture the interest of collectors is the next sale from German-based auction house, Künker. Particular highlights are from a private collection put together by Dr Edoardo Curti, which includes a Philip VI, Pavillon d’or, EF and estimated at €10,000, an Edward III noble (S.1490) also in EF condition and estimated at €7,500 and a very rare Philip VI, Couronne d’or graded EF to FDC and estimated at €35,000. Künker always produce the most superb printed catalogues as well as detail their sales on-line. The sales takes place March 11–15. Simply go to www.kuenker.de or telephone: 0049 541962020 for further details (they speak excellent English too!).

Lot 2443—an impressive Pavillon d’or of Philip VI, estimated at €10,000.

Of the utmost rarity—lot 2444, a Couronne d’or in EF/FDC from the Dr Edoardo Curti Collection, estimated at €35,000.

CHRISTOPHER EIMER P.O. Box 352, London NW11 7RF Tel: 020 8458 9933 art@christophereimer.co.uk

COINS AND MEDALS

www.christophereimer.co.uk

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February 2013

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Coin news

News & views “Penny” pulled

HE 1 cent coin, popularly known as the penny, has been withdrawn from circulation throughout Canada with effect from February 4. Although the 1 cent will retain its legal tender status, the actual coins will no longer circulate and ﬁnancial institutions will be able to return them to the Royal Canadian Mint via the Ministry of Finance. It is expected that the coins will be recycled and the full value of the coins will be reimbursed. Canada joins the growing number of countries that have removed their smallest denomination coin from circulation, mainly due to the increasing cost of producing them and the effects of inﬂation.

NZ Mint mark Dr Who’s 50th in silver

HIS year Doctor Who turns 50. But, of course, as all fans of the BBC’s most long-lived TV series know, it is the series itself that will be 50. The good Doctor is at least 900 although he is rather unsure about his exact age as are all his devotees. To mark the 50th birthday New Zealand Mint has signed a three year agreement with BBC for a licence to mint Dr Who coins. The first release is a silver $2 showing the Doctor’s iconic Tardis. This coin comes packaged in a 3D model of the Tardis and will be launched on February 1 at the Berlin’s World Money Fair. Over each subsequent month a further coin will be released. Each will display an image of one the eleven Doctors who have appeared in the series to date. All coins are being struck for Niue on 31.10g (1oz) .999 fine silver, 40mm diameter flans. All have a mintage of 10,000. If your favourite dealer cannot supply, contact New Zealand Mint at www.nzmint.com or phone +64 9 377 6837 or fax: +64 9 377 6836. Dr Kerry Rodgers

Lucky charms

F you don’t consider yourself a lucky person then some of the range of novelty coins from Coin Invest Trust will be of great interest to you! They are offering a set of nine Good Luck coins featuring lucky symbols such as the four leaf clover and the horse shoe. Each coin is minted for Palau and with a face value of 1 dollar. For those whose luck really is in need of a boost, then CIT are also offering “an ounce of luck”—a real four leaf clover encased within a clear insert on a .925 silver coin. Mintage of the 5 dollar coin, also for Palau, is restricted to 2,013 pieces and CIT tell us that previous mintages have sold out. To ﬁnd out more about these coins and other coins in the range visit www.coin-invest.li.

PAUL DAVIES – WE STILL NEED TO BUY – WORLD GOLD COINS MODERN BRITISH GOLD AND SILVER PROOF COINS WORLD GOLD AND SILVER PROOF SETS PLEASE CONTACT US IF YOU HAVE ANYTHING TO SELL

PAUL DAVIES

PO BOX 17, ILKLEY, WEST YORKSHIRE LS29 8TZ, ENGLAND PHONE: 01943 603116 OUR FAX NUMBER IS: 01943 816326

LIFE MEMBER

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February 2013

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News & views

IN BRIEF

Canada’s gold store bonanza

N last months COIN NEWS we reported the unprecedented move by the Royal Canadian Mint in releasing thousands of 1912–1915-dated gold coins—the first to be struck for the young outpost of Empire. The coins were part of the country’s gold reserves and had been hiding away in the Bank’s vaults since they were produced until the decision was made to release them for sale. The 30,000 coins which included hitherto scarce $5 and $10 coins bearing the couped effigy of HM King George V in his Coronation robes have now, we understand, nearly sold out. To find out more information on the sale of the coins, which is being handled exclusively by the RCM and is strictly limited, and see what coins are still available visit their website at www.mint.ca.

A “collector’s dream” in Munich

EALTHY prices were achieved by Numismatik Lanz of Munich in their Auction 155 held in early December. Hailed as an auction “collector’s dream” of material was offered from the Friedrich-Pranter collection featuring many eminent pieces with good provenances. Sold for the benefit of the Caritas aid organisation, rarely seen coin types returned to the market. There were some remarkable results particularly with the Greek coins. A good example was a superb tetradrachm from Acragas (illustrated) in nearly extremely fine condition, estimated at €6,000 it reached a hammer price of €13,000. There were many impressive prices achieved, too many to mention here, however, the auction catalogue and the prices realised are available online at www.sixbid.com/browse.html?auction=553. The next sale from Numismatik Lanz will take place in June. To find out more, contact Numismatik Lanz, Maximiliansplatz 10, 80333 Munich, Germany (email: info@lanz.com, telephone: 0049 89 29 90 70).

THE Portable Antiquities and Treasure annual reports show that 97,509 finds were recorded by the Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) in 2011— an 8 per cent rise on the previous year. The full report is available on the PAS website www.finds.org.uk. Brazil’s Central Bank is recalling around 40,000 of its 50 centavo coins that were mistakenly embossed as 5 centavo pieces. The mistake has been attributed by the Bank as a “production flaw”. Almost 70,000 medals awarded to national icon Captain Scott of the Antarctic have been acquired by The British Museum. Awarded to this world renowned explorer both during his lifetime and posthumously, the collection forms a glittering record of an extraordinary man. R. Ingram’s latest list is the 100th edition and is 32 pages crammed with mainly English coins from hammered to modern, all sensibly priced. There will be a new design for the 50p commemorating the 100th anniversary of the birth of Christopher Ironside—the man who designed the new UK coin reverses for decimalisation in 1971.

society spotlight

Medal meeting

HE British Art Medal Society will be holding its annual Conference in Liverpool this year. The weekend of April 26–28 will see art medal enthusiasts from all over the country congregating in the Merseyside Maritime Museum at the famous Albert Docks. As well as a number of interesting talks, the weekend will enable delegates to have the experience of trying their hand at sculpturing their own medal. More information on the Society and the special weekend can be found on the Society website at www.bams.org.uk.

Anniversary celebrations

N February Essex Numismatic Society will celebrate 47 years of the Society. The event will be marked at their meeting on February 22 with the eighth Ivan Buck Memorial Lecture when John Cross will give a presentation entitled “Coinage in the Kingdom of East Anglia”. The Society’s March meeting is scheduled for the 22nd with member Mike Cuddeford speaking on Iron Age Coinage in Essex. Prospective

Coin news

members and visitors (for whom there is a £2 entry fee) are always welcome. For further details visit www.essexcoins.org.uk or call Bob Thomas on 01277 656627.

Last call for BANS

S OUTLINED in the December 2012 edition, delegates are reminded that the annual Congress of the British Association of Numismatic Societies, marking the Diamond Jubilee of the Association, takes pace on April 5–7. For more information contact Mrs Claire Hughes, Royal Mint Museum, Llantrisant, Pontyclun CF72 8YT, email claire.hughes@ royalmintmuseum.org.uk.

Token treat in store

REPARATIONS for the 2013 Annual Token Congress are in full swing with bookings already being taken. The Congress will take place at the Hilton Hotel in Warwick over the weekend of October 4–6. Now in its 32nd year, this popular event among token enthusiasts will follow its usual format of Friday night auction, Saturday talks and bourse, and final talks

on Sunday. Costs have been kept to an inﬂation-busting all inclusive £180 per person. If no accommodation is required then attendance can be secured for £95. To find out more and book your place email davidyoungco@yahoo.co.uk.

Busy year ahead for YNS

HE Yorkshire Numismatic Society have already planned their full programme for 2013 which kicked off on January 19 with a meeting in York and a talk on “Valeria, Fausta and Helena: Domestic Tragedies on the Bronze Follis”, by James Booth. Future meetings include March 23 at Harrogate: “Assaying at the Mint” (Megan Gooch); April 27, Swarthmore, President’s address: “Sceats—the new taxonomy”; and July 20, York, Joint BNS/ RNS summer meeting. To find out more about the Society and the planned events visit www.yorkshirenumismatic.blogspot. co.uk. You can now also follow the YNS on Twitter and Facebook—https://twitter.com/ yorkshirenumsoc and www.facebook.com/ groups/103994169679540.

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February 2013

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Coin News

News & views Picking a winner

O mark 45 years of trading in coins and medals in the UK, Sicilian born dealer Giuseppe “Joe” Miceli is asking readers of COIN NEWS to choose a commemorative medallion design for him (see page 84). The winning medallion will be struck by the Bigbury Mint and there are three reverse designs to choose from. The one most popular with readers will be struck in the summer and the first 10 names out of the “hat” will be sent a complimentary medallion by Joe. The winning design will be featured in a future edition of the magazine.

Donating dollars

Singapore beckons

O L L E C TO R S who enjoy the opportunity to indulge their hobby in warmer climes can do no better than Singapore! The Singapore International Coin Fair takes place on March 20–31, 2013 at the sumptuous Marina Bay Sands resort. Last year organisers Pandamerica reported that the three-day event attracted over 8,000 visitors and dealers from more than 20 countries, along with a number of official mints. There are some excellent “deals” to be had with flights and hotels at this time of year, helping to make the event an inexpensive treat. For the first time for some years the Token Team will be there and we look forward to meeting many old friends and making new acquaintances. For more details simply go to www.sgcoinfair.com or telephone: 0065 9858 0388.

N benevolent mood for 2013, Heritage Auctions of Dallas, USA have announced the creation of a “Dollars For Dimes” charitable initiative. The aim is to benefit the mission of The March of Dimes, one of America’s most beloved charities. Heritage will donate $1 to the Dallas chapter of the organisation for every dime it sells during the calendar year. Steve Ivy, Co-Founder and Co-Chair of Heritage Auctions commented “Heritage has a long history of working with various charities, with the March of Dimes chief among them. We’ve made standing donations to the March of Dimes for several years and wanted make it more interactive for collectors. They’ll know now that their purchase of a dime from us—any year and any grade—will result in a donation to a very good cause.” The March of Dimes Foundation is a United States nonprofit organisation that works to improve the health of mothers and babies. It was founded by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1938 to help combat polio.

Coin News

Hurrah for Harrogate

popular date in the collector’s diary is Friday and Saturday, March 22 and 23—the date of the Harrogate Spring Coin Fair at the Old Swan Hotel. Organised by Simon Monks, the annual fair offers an outstanding opportunity to buy and sell among the ancient, hammered and milled coins, medallions, tokens, papermoney, medals, books, accessories and antiquities, on offer. The fair has something for everyone as well as the chance to chat to the many knowledgeable dealers in attendance and to see some the finest numismatic treasures available. To find out more telephone Simon on 01234 270260, email simon. monks1@virginmedia.com or visit his website at www.simonmonks.com.

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February 2013

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Coin News

A VIEW OF THE BAY

Here we take a look at some of the numerous numismatic items offered over the auction website eBay. This is just a small selection which have caught our eye. Read on and see if you agree with our reviewer (comments in italics) . . . Unless stated otherwise the descriptions are as the eBay listing written by the seller. Rare Celtic gold full stater coin disjointed horse with pellet below plain reverse fine gold dating from approximately 50 B.C. In stunning condition for age, fantastic definition Weight 6.1 grams.—£530. The buyer has left positive feedback for the transaction in which they were one of 13 bidders who placed a total of 21 bids. The winning bid was placed with four seconds of the auction to go. This is auction is for a James I Quarterlaurel Mintmark: Trefoil Spink: 2642B Variety: Beaded inner circle on both sides Material gold, diameter approx. 22mm, weight 2.27 grams, quality extremely high grade.—£360 To most collectors a claim of “extremely high grade” would result in them expecting a coin in EF or better condition, a coin in EF is valued in Coin Yearbook 2012 (CYB) at £1,400. The price achieved then leaves two alternatives, this coin sold very cheaply or it was overgraded, being eBay of course it was overgraded by the seller. The area below the King’s nose, his mouth and jaw, was very weak with a corresponding weak area on the reverse. Despite these shortcomings it was a reasonable coin for the price paid. This is a beautiful very high grade penny dated 1896 from the reign of Queen Victoria of Great Britain. Very scarce in this condition and near the top of the Population Report! Truly Brilliant Uncirculated. Graded at UNC80 by CGS, Britain’s well-known grading company (and valued by them at £175.00), this is a

Coin News

guarantee that the coin is genuine and has been graded accurately and professionally. The solid plastic capsule is individually numbered so that the coin details can be verified on a central database and it is tamperproof. In addition, the coin is protected from handling which can be detrimental to the coin’s condition and value.—£113. The jury is still out for a lot of collectors as to the benefits, or otherwise, of the slabbing of coins but going by this result the winner and underbidder must be convinced that it’s a good thing. A rare chance to acquire the seldom offered 1983 ERROR 2p. The coin should have read “TWO PENCE” but an old die was used with “NEW PENCE”. The coin is contained within the 1983 Royal Mint presentation pack. The card packaging is in poor condition but the vacuum sealed capsule which has been removed from the packaging is in good condition. Interestingly, the 50p and £1 coins are the wrong way round in the pack. They are still perfectly vacuum sealed and I can see no evidence that it has been tampered with. Anyway you still get the ultra rare coin. Relisted due to non payment of a very high bid. This is the “Presented by Martini” set with the Martini logo inside the back cover.—£500.01. This is the same set which “sold” for £2,759 but the buyer did not pay, this time the “Buy It Now” price was £1,750 but the seller cancelled the single bid and ended the auction early as it was no longer available for sale.

Mega high value Short Snorter includes 1939 Palestine 500 mils Also Libya 100 Lire India Notes Scotland Iran Norway.—£495 A “Short Snorter” is a series of notes taped together to form a strip, Allied service men in World War II made them up from notes from the countries that they served in and they were often signed by a variety of comrades. Normally they are of low value due to having been taped together but the Palestine note made this an exception. Rare 1948 London Summer Olympics “Nude Man” Participant Medal bronze diameter 51mm in excellent condition.—£199.75 There was no case with this medal but it was in nice condition attracting 31 bids from 16 bidders. 1796, Great Britain, Worcestershire, Edward Dudley. Copper Halfpenny Token. R. Condition: XF.—£276. The reverse of this lovely token bore an image of a startled cat, the seller may have been equally startled at the selling price from a 99p start. This auction is for a Queen Victoria sovereign. R4 (only 15 to 25 examples known) The Gold Sovereign by M. A. Marsh. Year: 1874. Die number: 32. Material: 22 carat gold. Diameter: 22mm. Weight: 7.98g.—£2,050. Another rare coin offered by this seller, the grade was not given but from the large photos the price achieved was below the CYB value which is £1,700 in Fine and £4,000 in VF, a good buy at the price.

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February 2013

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Coin News

Around the World

Shoshana Shekel Recalls Destruction of Jerusalem DR KERRY RODGERS explores the story behind an ultra-rarity . . .

N March last year Texas-based Heritage Auction Galleries sold one of just two surviving examples of the ﬁrst silver shekel struck in Jerusalem during the Great Revolt by the Jews against their Roman overlords. It was part of the legendary Shoshana Collection of Ancient Coins of Judea. The coin fetched a world record price of $1,105,375. Its history is tied closely to the crushing defeat inﬂicted on the Jewish people by the Romans, the loss of their homeland and their subsequent diaspora. It all started in 66 CE. Masada, in the autumn of 73 CE whose remaining defenders are reported as committing suicide. The Roman historian Josephus claims 1,100,000 people were killed during the reconquest of Judea with a further 97,000 captured and enslaved. Many others fled Israel. That Year 1 shekel The silver shekel sold by Heritage was struck shortly after war began in May 66 CE. It is one of the very first coins struck by the Jews after their ousting of the Romans and is one of two known examples of this prototype design. The other specimen is in the collection of The Israel Museum in Jerusalem. Jewish law required every adult The Triumph of Titus. A depiction of the male to pay an annual Temple tax of Temple Menorah being carried in the procession a half shekel (Exodus 30:11–16). Prior to celebrating the victory of Titus in Judea. (Image the revolt silver shekels struck in Tyre served Steerpike, Wikimedia Commons.) this purpose. Post-revolt these were not readily available and the Jewish authorities took the The causes of the Great Revolt decision to strike their own coins. These served a were manifold but, once up and double purpose. They demonstrated that the Jews running, the rebellious Jews quickly now held their own land. They are dated from the overran the local Roman military first to the fifth year of the war. garrison. A Roman army moved-in from The Year 1 type was unknown until the two Syria to crush the uprising but was ambushed specimens surfaced in the late 1970s. Both had and routed at the Battle of Beth Horon. Prototype silver shekel been struck from the same dies. The coin’s rarity In 67 CE General Vespasian and his son Titus struck in Year 1 of the points to a small issue, perhaps just some trial were given the job of restoring Roman rule. They first Roman-Jewish war strikes similar to production of modern patterns. sold for $1,105,375. assembled four legions, some 60,000 troops, and Both examples show similar centring. The off(Image courtesy began a systematic cleansing of Judea starting www.ha.com) centre reverse suggests the Jewish moneyers had in Galilee. The Jewish resistance was not helped not perfected their techniques for production of by brutal infighting. Zealots and extremist Sicarii large silver pieces. The Heritage coin is 24mm across executed anyone advocating surrender. By 68 CE and weighs 13.34g. the entire leadership of the southern revolt was dead at The obverse shows a ritual chalice surrounded by pelleted Jewish hands. circles that contain the legend. The reverse depicts a staff with Meanwhile major political upheavals were occurring in three pomegranate buds contained in a further pelleted circle. Rome itself. In 69 CE Vespasian was hailed as emperor by his The legends are written in Paleo-Hebrew, a scrip that, at the own legions and returned to Rome to claim the throne. He left time, had been in decline for some five centuries. They read: Titus to finish the war in Judea. “Jerusalem the Holy” and “Shekel of Israel”. The revolt ended when the legions annihilated the The major elements of the design were retained in second resistance in Jerusalem in 70 CE after a most brutal siege. generation coins but later shekels struck during the revolt were The Second Temple was destroyed and its treasures taken to greatly simplified with the inner dotted border removed and Rome, including the Menorah. Remaining Jewish strongholds the lettering rendered in a less elaborate style. were later purged. These included the legendary stronghold of

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February 2013

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Coin News

LATEST ISSUES FRANCE

Theme: Yves Klein—Europe star 2012 Mint: Monnaie de Paris Metal: Silver Denomination: €10, €50 Diameter: 37mm, 50mm Mintage: 30,000, 500 Contact: 11 Quai de Conti, 75006, Paris, www.monnaiedeparis.fr

IRELAND

Theme: Celebrating the original 1928 coin designs—the Hound Mint: Central Bank of Ireland Metal: Silver Denomination: €15 Width: 38.61mm Mintage: 8,000 Contact: Central Bank of Ireland, PO Box 559, Dame Street, Dublin 2, www.centralbank.ie

LATVIA

Theme: 90th Anniversary of the Bank of Latvia Mint: Bank of Latvia Metal: Silver Denomination: 5 Lats Width: 37mm Mintage: 10,000 Contact: Bank of Latvia, www.bank.lv

GREECE

Theme: Aeschylus—the author of ancient Greek theatre Mint: Bank of Greece Metal: Silver Denomination: €10 Diameter: 40mm Mintage: 5,000 Contact: Bank of Greece, www.bankofgreece.gr

ISLE OF MAN

Theme: Christmas 50p—Nativity Angel Mint: Pobjoy Mint Metal: Cupro Nickel, Silver, 22ct Gold Denomination: 50 pence Diameter: 27.3mm Mintage: 30,000, 5,000, 250 Contact: Pobjoy Mint, Millennia house, Kingswood Park, Bonsor Drive, Kingswood, Surrey, KT20 6AY, www.pobjoy.com

VATICAN

Theme: World Meeting of Families 2012 Mint: Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato Metal: Bi-metallic Denomination: €2 Diameter: 25.75mm Mintage: 89.000 Contact: Gavia Wholesale, Max-Stromeyer-Str. 116, D-78456 Konstanz, Germany. Email: gavia_wholesale@gavia.de

To have your new coin issues featured on this page, please email the details to abbey@tokenpublishing.com 26

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News & views

Bulletin

The latest news from The Royal Mint

As well as The Royal Mint’s world-class production facilities, the Llantrisant plant in South Wales also houses The Royal Mint Museum. It represents one of the most impressive numismatic collections in the world, featuring outstanding rarities alongside the currency we use everyday—serving as a true reflection of the history of the coinage in the United Kingdom and of many other countries. COIN NEWS has teamed up with the Museum to bring you an item from the collection every month.

Portrait of the Queen by Cecil Thomas

T a time when we are celebrating the 60th anniversary of the first appearance of coins bearing the charming portrait of the Queen by Mary Gillick it is worth pausing for a moment to reflect on what might have been. The choice, after a competition which saw 17 artists submit portraits, was between the Gillick effigy and the work of Cecil Thomas. Indeed, in the early stages of judging a majority of members of the Advisory Committee favoured Cecil Thomas’ portrait, illustrated here as a plaster model from the Museum’s collection, and it is fair to say that he was bitterly disappointed to lose the commission. He had been known to the Royal Mint since the 1920s and undertook some impressive monumental sculptures, so his involvement would not have come as a surprise. His own approach in this instance has about it a greater formality but it shares with the Gillick a sensitivity and grace. The requirement for a crowned portrait entailed another round of commissioning and the new effigy he devised in response was later to be used on many overseas coinages and for official medals. It came as little consolation. Reflecting on his career he noted how to prepare the coinage portrait of the reigning monarch was the pinnacle of achievement for the numismatic artist, a sentiment certainly shared today by artists working on the British coinage.

The Royal Mint offers limited edition, gold, silver and base metal collector coins along with a range of precious art medals and exclusive diamond jewellery. Below are a few carefully selected items from the current range.

Going underground I

NCREDIBLY, the London Underground, the world’s first “tube”, is 150 years old and to celebrate, the Mint has struck two £2 coins. Each of the new £2 coin designs encapsulates elements of the architecture, poster art, logo and map of the London Underground. The “train” coin, designed by Edward Barber and Jay Osgerby, depicts the familiar front of the Tube train emerging from a tunnel and carries an unusual patterned edge inspired by Harry Beck’s iconic Tube map. The second “roundel” coin design, was created by British designer Edwina Ellis and it depicts the London Underground roundel logo which first appeared on underground station platforms in 1908. In 1916 Edward Johnson added the official Underground typeface to the bar. The coin features an edge inscription heralding the famous advice: MIND THE GAP. The obverse bears the current portrait of Her Majesty the Queen by Ian Rank-Broadley FRBS. The 150th Anniversary of the London Underground 2013 £2 two-coin set, struck to Brilliant Uncirculated quality, is displayed in a presentation folder that features a nice touch—a large fold-out full-colour poster specially designed with “Tales from the Tube”, facts from each of the London Underground lines; maps and corresponding UK coinage that shows its evolution over the last 150 years.

A crown for a Queen L

AST year the nation and Commonwealth celebrated The Queen’s Diamond Jubilee with street parties and celebrations, however, her actual Coronation was not until 1953. To mark the 60th Anniversary of the Queen’s Coronation, a stunning UK £5 crown has been produced as the perfect memento of this historic ceremony. Created by Royal Mint engraver Emma Noble, the celebratory design of the coin is intended to convey a sense of the Coronation as the most important of all state occasions. With this in mind, the reverse design depicts the majestic Imperial State Crown—the ultimate symbol of monarchy and majesty. The obverse of the new UK £5 coin will feature the Ian Rank-Broadley, FRBS, portrait of Her Majesty the Queen. The launch in February 2013 will include a silver proof, gold-plated silver proof, silver piedfort, gold proof and platinum piedfort coins. For more information on these, or any other Royal Mint products please, contact The Royal Mint, Freepost NAT23496, PO Box 500, Llantrisant, Pontyclun CF72 8YT, United Kingdom | Telephone: 0845 60 88 300 | www.royalmint.com

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February 2013

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Coin News

Market scene JOHN ANDREW

Plenty of choice T

HE comment “He’s left it too late to start collecting coins as prices have shot up in the last few years”, was what my parents received when they took me, then 12 years of age, to see some the coins an antique dealer had for sale in Llandudno. Although that was nearly 50 years ago (time flies!) I have never forgotten those words. Goodness knows what the dealer would think now, were he alive. Top price in this report is £768,000 and the coin sold below estimate. OK, that was for an Islamic piece. Nevertheless, top price for an English coin was £198,000. That particular coin sold in 1972 for £5,200, which is around £58,000 in today’s money. A worn “bun penny” estimated at £60–80, sold for £960. Now, does this mean coins are off-limits for ordinary pieces? No it does not and to suggest coin collecting is a rich man’s pursuit is not correct. There are still very respectable coins out there that mere mortals can afford to collect. What I have been doing over the past few months is to include coins in these reports that are within the grasp of the more modest collectors. When I was collecting in the late 1960s, my “spend” on a good English hammered piece was up to £30—that is around £410–430 in today’s money. In this report you will ﬁnd material that I thought was good and which sold for below £400. There is good affordable material out there. See what you can ﬁnd for yourself.

Baldwin’s—Argentum Sale—November 3, 2012

Uncirculated India half anna sold for £2,760.

This sale, held in conjunction with the quarterly London Coin Fair at the Holiday Inn in Bloomsbury, has become part of the London numismatic scene. It is usually a well-viewed event and one never knows what could turn up. The star of this sale was lot 397. It was an Indian ½-anna issued by the Bombay mint in 1884. It was described as uncirculated with an estimate of £200–300. The Indian series is keenly sought, so there was an element of a “tease” with the estimate, but I doubt whether anyone expected it to sell for £2,760. The lot that followed comprised a ¼-anna of 1884 and a twelfth of an anna issued in 1882, both from the Calcutta mint. Also described as uncirculated, the cataloguer added, “perhaps a

trace of lacquer” to the first. They sold for £192, double the mid-estimate. The collectors of bronze Victorian pennies had fun as there were some varieties on offer that were as rare as hens’ teeth. An 1862 example was offered with the 8 of the date struck over a 6. According to Gouby, only seven are known. In almost very fine state and the variety being very clear, it was offered with an estimate of £300–400. It sold for £2,760. However, the biggest surprise in this section was an 1860 variety with a thick rim and beaded border on the obverse and no rock to the left of the lighthouse on the reverse. According to Gouby there are only seven known. In good fine condition, it was estimated at £60– 80, but sold for £960. The sale totalled £117,769.

Morton & Eden—Portuguese and Portuguese Colonial—November 13, 2012

£108,000 was needed to secure the rare Portuguese gold meia dobra pé terra of D. Fernando I (1367–83), from the Huntington collection.

Coin news

This sale was dedicated to the Huntington Collection of Portuguese and Portuguese colonial coins. Formed by Archer M. Huntington (1870–1955), he was made Honorary President of the American Numismatic Society in 1910. His early life is somewhat sketchy, but he inherited his great wealth from his step-father the railroad industrialist Collis P. Huntington. He first visited Spain in 1892 and developed a passion for the Hispanic world. Sotheby’s sold his 37,895 Spanish coins in March 2012 by a sealed bid auction. His coins of Spain’s neighbour offered at this event is much smaller, but it does include some superlatively rare pieces as well as those that are within a more general financial reach. The highlight of the sale was a gold meia dobra pé terra (540-dinheiros) issued at Lisbon by D. Fernando I (1367–83, also known as “the Handsome”). It is believed that there are only five known specimens. Examples are seldom offered for sale, there not being one in the Into de Magalhães Collection sold in 1992 or the Shore Collection offered in 1945. Apart from some double-striking, particularly in the legend, as well as a small edge chip, the piece is

otherwise almost as struck. The estimate was set at £120,000–150,000. Given the rarity of the piece, this does not seem unreasonable when compared to the UK market for choice and rare hammered gold. However, it sold to a European dealer for a hammer price of £90,000, which is £108,000 with the Premium. Nevertheless, a gold dobra pé terra (1,080-dinheiros) of the same reign did not fare as well. In nearly extremely fine state, it was offered with an estimate of £100,000–120,000, but the hammer fell at £50,000, or £60,000 with the Premium. It is always difficult to estimate choice rarities. Given the economic situation in Portugal, it is even more so. At least the auction house appears to have persuaded the vendor not to set high reserves. Nevertheless, it is essential to put matters into perspective. This sale was certainly not a flop and given the austerity measures in Portugal, some lots in the sale were fiercely contested. For example when a gold cruzado (400-reais) of D. Filipe II (1598–1621) was placed on the block one did not anticipate that it would be fought over. This is a relatively small coin with not the most inspiring of designs. Apart www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

Market scene from some double striking upon its reverse and a very small flan flaw in the third quarter, it is otherwise in good very fine/very fine condition. Its attraction is that it is of the highest rarity, there being only two known specimens. As an extra, it is by far the best of the two. It sold for £84,000, double its top estimate. This result was by no means an exception. A gold engenhoso (translates from the Portuguese as “ingenious”) or 5,000-reais, issued at Lisbon in 1566 during the reign of D. Sebastião I, realised £55,200, or 15 per cent above its top estimate. This very rare piece is in good very fine state and was an early experimental machine-made coinage. The machinery was invented by Gonçlaves. The Portuguese did not adopt a milled coinage because of the cost, whereas at about the same time we did not adopt that made by Mestrelle’s

machinery as the traditional moneyers rebelled. A 500-reais issued by D. Henrique I (1578–80, known as “the Chaste”) was offered in nearly very fine state. It sold for £28,800, or 20 per cent above its top estimate. The most expensive silver lot in the sale was when a 12-, 8-, 6- and 4-macutas of D. José, also known as “the Reformer”, was offered. They were issued in Angola and are all dated 1762. In nearly very fine to very fine state, they sold for £7,200, which is three times their top estimate. This emphasises that the reluctance to bid was at the very top end of the market. The sale totalled £575,304 and overall it was a successful auction. As the coins were imported from outside the UK, they were subject to 5 per cent VAT if they remained in a country that is a member of the EU.

£84,000 was paid for the cruzado of D. Filipe II, against an estimate of £25,000–35,000.

Morton & Eden—General Sale—November 13 & 14, 2012 Top lot at this sale was an English coin of Elizabeth I. No, it was not a piece of hammered gold, but a silver issue. It was an 8-testerns in the “Portcullis Money” series, so named because of the Tudor badge (a crowned portcullis) upon its reverse. This is an example of England’s first colonial coinage. It was issued in 1600–1 for the Eastern trade of the then newly formed East India Company. The 8-testerns was equivalent to a crown. Apart from some double striking on the right side of the reverse legend and some tiny scratches by the reverse mint-mark, the piece is otherwise in good very fine condition. It has an interesting history as it is from the Archbishop Sharp Collection. He started collecting in 1687 and continued until his death in 1714, but his descendants added to the collection up until about 1745 and the Collection was eventually sold in 1977. This piece was contested to £22,000 hammer (£26,400 with Premium) or nearly 20 per cent above its top estimate. The purchaser was a UK dealer. In 1977 it sold for a hammer price of £1,000. It was offered again at auction by Spink in November 2009 when it realised a hammer price of £14,000. The near 60 per cent increase in the hammer price in three years is astounding. A 4-testerns, coincidentally in the same condition, realised £13,800 (£11,500 hammer). Glendining’s sold the coin in February 1984 for £800 hammer. There was only one piece of English hammered gold in the sale, but it is a stunning piece and not surprisingly was sought. This was from the collection of Archer M. Huntington. The coin is an angel of Philip (of Spain) and Mary (1554–58). Evenly struck on a broad flan (with the exception of one small part of the outer rim), the piece is in extremely fine state. It sold for £21,600, which was 20 per cent above its top estimate. Top price in the English/British section was for a 1937 gold proof set in its original case. Apart from light handling marks and slight rim knocks on the sovereign and its half, the set are almost as struck. It commanded £4,320. A couple of minor silver pieces caught my eye. The first was a Bank of England 3-shilling token of 1815. In good extremely fine state with a pleasing light tone, it realised £240. The second was an 1839 shilling described as having a few marks, but otherwise being in extremely fine/nearly mint state. It sold for £180. There appeared to be more banknotes than usual on offer. However, the highlight of this February 2013

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section was not paper money, but a group of 17 original 19th century South African printing plates and some associated “pulls”. The group comprised six engraved copper plates for the Cape of Good Hope government notes, with the remaining being steel plates relating to various branches of The Standard Bank of South Africa Limited. A South African dealer bought this unique group for £24,000, the lower estimate. There was also a small collection of early US currency notes. Perhaps I had missed previous offerings, but I cannot remember so many being offered in London before and they were less money than I expected. For example a New Jersey 1756 very fine or better 1-shilling and a 1776 3-shilling note in creased about fine condition sold for £216. Considering this was a general sale, it contained some very fine ancient Greek coins from a US collection. Top here was an electrum stater issued at Cyzicus, Mysia in circa 500 BC. Featuring the helmeted head of Athena and a tunny fish upon its obverse, its reverse features the usual quadripartite incuse square. In good very fine condition it was contested to £24,000, double its top estimate. From Syracuse in Sicily there was a circa 400 BC decadrachm signed by Euainetos. Its obverse features a fast quadriga with nike flying towards the charioteer to crown him. Its reverse bears the head of Arethusa with four dolphins around. Apart from a minor patch of corrosion at 10 o‘clock and minor marks on Arethusa’s cheeks, it is otherwise extremely fine. It sold to a Swiss dealer for £19,200, which is just above its top estimate. Morton & Eden has several speciality areas, including ancient and Islamic coins and Renaissance medals. There were several of the latter in this sale, but the surprise was the interest shown in a uniface silver medal of Giovanni Gregorio del Sarto. The reverse is hollowed and has been annotated ARGENT and 1570 in ink. The cataloguer is of the view that the bust of the gentleman wearing a high ruff is in the style of Antonio Abondio, adding that the piece is an extremely fine contemporary cast “of exceptional quality, reminiscent of the work of Abondio”. At least two other people agreed as the piece was contested to £10,200 against an estimate of £2,000-3,000. The sale totalled £586,530.

£26,400 was paid for the Potcullis 8 testerns of Elizabeth I originally in the legendary Archbishop Sharp collection.

The electrum stater from Mysia, c. 500 BC, sold for £24,000, double its top estimate.

Coin news

Market scene Lockdales—General Coins and Collectables—November 17–18, 2012

£2,340 secured the uncirculated 1847 Gothic crown.

There was some good collectable English hammered silver at this event that caught my eye. In the Tudor section I liked a Tower mint groat struck in the name of Henry VIII during the reign of Edward VI. The coin is in very fine condition, but the portrait of Henry (Bust 4) is very good for the issue. It sold for £350. An Edward VI fine silver shilling of 1551–3 also in very fine state was offered. This is a full round piece with a good portrait of the Boy King. It sold for £305. These are good coins and they were not expensive. A surprise among the early milled silver was a Charles II 1668 shilling described as “toned VF”. Estimated at £200-300, the piece

was contested to £820. Highlights of the later silver included an 1843 halfcrown. Although a little weak on the harp in the shield, it was otherwise in good extremely fine condition and therefore desirable. It sold for £1,290. An 1847 Gothic crown was offered in about uncirculated/ uncirculated with prooflike fields and a pleasing even rainbow tone. It was contested to £2,340. There was only one piece of hammered gold on offer and that was somewhat ragged. There were no early milled gold and not many later pieces. The notable lots included an 1820 short date variety sovereign in good very fine state. It sold for £1,460. An 1823 sovereign which had a number of surface marks, but which was otherwise in nearly very fine condition sold for £1,810. The sale totalled £330,660, but only about one third of the lots related to coins and banknotes.

London Coins Auction—General Sale—December 1–2, 2012

Fine Cromwell broad realised £9,360.

£8,775 was paid for the 1675 5 guineas.

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As the proverb goes, “Two swallows don’t make a summer”, but it was nevertheless good to hear that after a long absence two buyers from financially distressed Greece made a reappearance at Bracknell. Other overseas buyers included Russians and Spaniards. Bidders had to contend with a commotion outside the rooms during the proceedings. Alicia Keys was in town to switch on the Christmas lights, which was followed by a firework display right outside the auction room. In true British fashion the auctioneer and the bidders just got on with the business. And what a business it was too with eight fiveguinea pieces and a Cromwell broad being placed under the hammer. However, none of these was the top lot. This prize went to an impressive collection of 246 shillings from Edward VI through to the reign of the present Queen. There are no duplicates and there were some rarities, including an example of the rarely seen 1704 and three varieties of the 1705. It was a mixed grade lot with the collector appearing to be more interested in type rather than condition. It sold above its low estimate at £11,115. The top price for a single coin was for the Cromwell broad. The cataloguer was quite right in saying that the type was seldom offered, but it was not mentioned that this was probably one of the less desirable examples to have been placed on the auction block. That is probably unfair, but I was “brought up” with this coin and have always regarded it as a pattern that should be in top condition. The example offered here is in fine state and also has a couple of rim nicks. It sold for £9,360, the price at which an EF/ FDC example would have sold in the early 1980s. Of course an EF+ example would sell for £20,000 plus. In third place was a “world in an album”. This was described as including “a useful group of Indian issues including George V”. Obviously a lot that had to be viewed as opposed to being read about in the catalogue. Estimated at £1,250– 2,250, it clearly was viewed and more to the point generated interest. It was contested to a very satisfying £8,775, which no doubt brought a broad smile to the vendor’s face.

Top of the five-guineas which were offered was a 1675 example. The cataloguer’s description reads, “EF or near so a superb portrait with some surface marks and flan flaws. A depression and discolouration around the O of CAROLVS is a distraction, viewing recommended”. The coin sold at the auction house in June for a hammer price of £10,530. On this occasion it was secured for £8,775. The “distraction” is clearly taking its toll. However, there is no doubting that it has a superb portrait. Most coin auctions have surprises and London Coins Auction is no exception. Normally these tend to be multiple or overseas lots. However, English and British coins featured in this category on this occasion. The British coin was a very rare 1854 florin with no stop after the date and ONC TENTH as opposed to ONE TENTH. Unfortunately it is only in “very good” state and has been holed. Estimated at £10–30, it was chased to £129. The other surprise was a Henry VI annulet issue noble, which had been bought from Grantham Coins in 1985 for £390. At this sale it was estimated at £175–275. Although generally in very fine state, the piece had a big downside: there is a repair beneath the King’s shield that also shows on the reverse between the central H and one of the inner lions. The Coin Yearbook 2013 lists a VF example at £2,400. However a “repair” that shows on both sides of the coin is a bit of “a blot on the landscape” as it were. Nevertheless, despite the downside it sold for £1,521. In the 1920–1930s such a coin would probably have been consigned to a junk box and sold for around face scrap (and no, I cannot personally remember that happening, but have read about such circumstances!). The biggest surprise of the whole sale was when a Brazilian undated 600-reiss (1658) was offered. The host coin was a Spanish 8-reales of 1635 with the HISPANIA RAM error legend. While the countermark is in nearly very fine state, the host coin is only good fine and although having a full round coin, there is a flan flaw. It was estimated at £75–250, but was contested to £1,521. The event totalled £720,000, bringing London Coins Auction’s annual total to £2.9 million. www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

Market scene Spink—General Sale—December 4–5, 2012 Spink ended the year with a bang. Its last sale of 2012 included a good selection of English and British coins as well as world coins and commemorative medals. The event started with a selection of Anglo-Saxon pennies from the Morrison Collection. Prices were buoyant. For example, a good very fine Alfred the Great London monogram type penny of 880–83 sold for £10,800. This is a punchy realisation, especially as it is stained. The real fireworks of the English section took place when the hammered gold was offered. There was keen interest in a Richard III angel that was found in August 2012 at Claybrooke Magna, just 12 miles away from the battlefield at Bosworth where Richard lost his life in 1485. It is a superb example of this rare coin. Apart from a light indentation on its reverse and a minor scratch on the dragon, it is otherwise in extremely fine/good very fine condition. Furthermore, it is struck on a full flan and its surfaces are frosted. Not surprisingly it was contested, but £43,200 is nevertheless serious money for the piece. The star of the hammered gold was a 1553 Mary Ryal in an unusually high state of preservation. The coin was the star of an auction in 1972 when a group of 71 English and Low Countries ryals were offered at Glendining’s. The introduction to the catalogue read, “probably the most comprehensive group of English and Dutch rose nobles yet grouped in one sale”. Each coin was illustrated in the catalogue and the descriptions of the lots were a bit more detailed than usual. The Mary ryal is regarded as one of the most distinctive and important coins in the English hammered gold series. It is also an extremely rare coin. The example sold at this event is struck on a full flan and is in good very fine state. It was contested to £165,000 hammer, which is £198,000 with the Premium. When offered in 1972, the hammer price was £5,200, which is nearly £58,000 in today’s money. It was the highest price in the 1972 sale—the second highest was £1,200. A stunning unite of 1631–32 made with Nicholas Briot’s milling machine was offered in good extremely fine state. It commanded £43,200. Commander Robert Gerhardt’s collection of English hammered coins was offered. The Commander, who was a US citizen, met Douglas Liddell of Spink at the ANA Coin Convention staged at Chicago in 1957 and the two became lifelong friends. The Commander died in 1981, so this is an old collection. After the heady telephone figure realisations of the highlights of the hammered gold, it was good to see good coins selling at lower sums. My choice of the gold is a Henry VIII first coinage (1509–26) angel. It has bold mintmarks, good detail and is in good very fine state. It sold for £2,880. My choice of silver is an Elizabeth I second issue (1560–61) shilling. It has a bold

portrait and is in good very fine condition and was contested to £816. There were a couple of heavyweights in the milled section. The first was an extremely rare 1818 silver pattern crown by Pistrucci. While the type follows the currency issue, the head of George III is different and instead of being signed with the initials BP, the engraver’s complete surname appears on both sides. Apart from slight cabinet friction on the highest points, it is uncirculated with much lustre flashing through the old toning. It sold for £26,400. A Victorian proof “Gothic” crown of the greatest rarity was offered. It looks exactly the same as the 1847 currency crown, but it is the edge that makes it special. The piece has been struck from 1847 proof dies, but with the collar for the 1854 crown. As a result, the regnal year on the edge is incorrect. Unstead of UNDECIMO (eleventh) it reads DECIMO SEPTIMO (seventeenth). Only one other example is known. Apart from a few light marks on the obverse the piece is in extremely fine/good extremely fine condition. It is blessed with a lustrous, attractive steel blue toning (especially on the reverse). It sold for £19,200. The first day of the sale was devoted to world coins. First on the block was a collection of Durrani mohurs consigned by an Indian Prince. It is believed to be the most extensive collection of such material to have been offered at auction. The only problem is that they are an acquired taste and whereas the rarities were generally sought, the other material proved difficult. Top lot was for a mohur issued by Ahmad Shah in 1760. Apart from an obverse flan crack and traces of a light mount at 12 o’clock, the piece is in extremely fine condition. It sold for £26,400. However, a gold mohur issued by the Sikh Empire during the first Sikh occupation of Multan was not popular, despite the fact that it is unrecorded in gold. Generally in extremely fine state, it sold for £12,000 which is a third below its low estimate. The general world section was not bristling with rarities, but there was considerable internet interest. The big ticket coin was a gold 8-escudos issued at Mexico City in 1842. The coin is uncirculated and is of the highest rarity as it bears the assayer initials MM. He only worked for two years at Mexico City and up until the mid-1960s, his initials were only known on the silver issues. By the mid-1970s, they were known on the gold issued in 1843, but it was not until more recent times that the 1842 8-escudo was known with his initials. Pieces are so rare that the standard catalogues do not state a price. It sold for £27,600. There were four telephone bidders in the Russian section. The highlight was a Paul I gold ducat of 1797 in very fine condition. It sold for £16,800, nearly six times its top estimate. The sale totalled in the region of £1.8 million.

The Richard III angel found near the battleﬁeld of Bosworth realised £43,200.

Mary’s ryal of 1553 sold for a total of £198,000.

Dix Noonan Webb—British and Scottish Coins—December 5, 2012 This sale started with the second part of the Corringham (Essex) Hoard. The highlight was a very rare Edward III Post-Treaty period groat with a row of pellets across the breast. Apart from a score across the neck, the piece is otherwise in nearly extremely fine state. It sold February 2013

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for £1680, a tad under the low estimate. This part of the hoard sold for £8,866. The fifth part of the late Jim Sazama Collection of Medieval Coins followed. The top price here was for a King John class Vb penny struck at Kings Lynn by the moneyer Nicole. There is a hairline striking split

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Market scene at 7 o’clock, but it is otherwise good very fine, well-centred and an unusually fine example of this mint. It sold for £1,300, which is £1,560 with the Premium. The coin was purchased in March 2004 at DNW for a hammer price of £580. This offering of the Collection sold for £17,166. English hammered coins from a private collection followed. The 150+ lots sold for £73,842. Although not a blockbuster collection, it contained material of interest to collectors. Top price was for a very rare 1660 Commonwealth shilling. There is some light tooling, otherwise it is in very fine condition. It sold for a very healthy £2,880. My choice would would have been the 1578 sixpence. It is in about extremely fine state and it is attractively toned. It sold for £540. It was only the other month that I expressed the view that there had not been many Scottish coins on the market recently. Then Bonhams offered a fairly good group in October and at this event the Michael and Elizabeth Stewart Collection of Scottish Coins was placed on the block. Top price was for a William II 1701 gold pistole. This very rare piece has a flan flaw behind the monarch’s head, but otherwise is about very fine “with the reverse better”. It sold for £9,500 hammer, £11,400 with the Premium. The Stewarts acquired it in April 1987 at the Murray sale. The hammer price then was £1,950. The Collection sold for £61,560.

William II Scottish pistole of 1701 sold for £11,400.

Queen Anne 1711 2 guineas realised £10,200.

Top of the English hammered coins from other properties was a Group III Pincer Cross Coenwulf penny struck at Canterbury by the moneyer Werheard. This very rare piece is struck on a full round flan and is in good very fine state with strong portrait. It sold just above its top estimate at £5,520. The highest price for an early milled silver coin was the £4,200 paid for a generally in nearly extremely fine or better state 1658 Oliver Cromwell crown. A very rare pattern 1825 crown by Wyon and Merlen was sought. Apart from some stains and hairlines, it was otherwise in extremely fine or better condition. It commanded £9,000. The surprise in the silver was a 1965 Churchill crown, which sold for £3,960. However, it is an excessively rare “satin finish” proof and bears Oscar Nemon’s initials under Churchill’s bust near to the rim. There were two high flyers in the milled gold. A Queen Anne 1711 two-guineas, which apart from some light hairlines, is otherwise in good extremely fine state wit the nreverse retaining some mint bloom. It was contested to £10,200. An attractive James II 1688 five-guineas that had been brushed, has a small bump on the bust and minor edge bruising, which is otherwise in nearly extremely fine condition, sold just under its top estimate at £9,360. The sale totalled £370,980.

Dix Noonan Webb—Commemorative Medals—December 3, 2012

£6,960 was paid for the RGS gold medal.

Top lot in this sale was the gold Founder’s Medal of the Royal Geographical Society awarded to Charles Monatgu Goughty (1843– 1926), the poet, writer and traveller. He travelled extensively in Europe and he also journeyed from Palestine through Lebanon to the Gulf Aqaga. He studied Arabic in Damascus and in disguise

joined a caravan to Mecca , a place then forbidden to non-Muslims. In extremely fine state, this very rare medal was contested to £6,960. The sale contained 540 lots and only 27 remained unsold. The lots were consigned by 55 vendors and purchased by 102 bidders. The event totalled £99,426.

Dix Noonan Webb—World Coins & Tokens—December 6, 2012

Dotted date 1800 dollar sold for £8,640 (reduced).

The top coin at this sale was a US dollar of 1800 with a “dotted date”. In extremely fine or better state it sold for £8,640, more than double its top estimate. Also from the States was a group of coins from an 18th century toll-house in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They were discovered when renovations were carried out some 100 years ago. The coins were passed down through the generations of the same owning

family ever since. The top price was the £600 paid for a generally nearly extremely fine English Queen Anne halfcrown of 1712. Australian Tokens from the Duncan Pennock Collection sold for £10,165 and a good group of tokens of German South-West Africa commanded £6,540. All but 40 of the 340 lots in the sale sold. There were 40 vendors and 78 buyers. The sale totalled £91,116.

Baldwin’s and Arabian Coins and Medals—Islamic Coins—December 6, 2012

The Umayyad gold dinar that realised £768,000, the top price in the sale.

The star of this auction was an Umayyad gold dinar dated 105h (AD 723). What makes this one of the rarest and most highly prized of all Islamic gold coins is that the gold from which it was struck was obtained from a mine owned by the Caliph himself. This is signified from the text in the reverse field that reads Ma‘din Amir al-Mu ‘minin. Although the exact significance of this is still debated the general gist is “a mine belonging to the Caliph”. Such coins are known as ”Dinars from the Mine of the Commander of the Faithful”. The additional words, al-Hijaz, which translate as “in the Hejaz”, indicate that the mine was located in a region in the west of present-day Saudi Arabia. Apart from the unique

89h dinar bearing the same inscription, this is the first Islamic coin and indeed, probably the first dated object, to mention a location within the present Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Although 10 or 11 examples of this coin exist, it was not until April 2011 that one appeared at auction. On that occasion, two equally determined bidders were determined to secure the prize and the price did somewhat run away. At this sale the coin was estimated at £800,000 to £1 million. It sold for £768,000. Although this may have disappointed the vendor, this is nevertheless a high price for a coin of which up to 11 examples are known. The sale totalled £1.1 million.

IMPORTANT NOTE The above realisations are inclusive of the Buyer’s Premium. In other words they are the hammer price plus the Premium. At Baldwin’s, DNW, Morton & Eden and Spink the Premium is 20 per cent upon which Value Added Tax (VAT) at 20 per cent is payable. At Lockdales it is 17.25 per cent and at London Coins Auctions it is 17 per cent inclusive of VAT.

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February 2013

Thomson Roddick & Medcalf

COIN, MEDAL & MILITARIA AUCTIONS

Carlisleâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Two Sales by Auction GOLD, SILVER & OTHER BRITISH & FOREIGN COINS, BANKNOTES, MEDALLIONS & NUMISMATIC COLLECTIBLES

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Thursday 14th February at 1.00pm and

Thursday 21st March at 1.00pm On view: Wednesday prior, 10am to 5pm & sale day from 9am Catalogues when available, on request or at www.thomsonroddick.com

Coleridge House, Shaddongate, Carlisle CA2 5TU

Enquiries: 01228 528939 or auctions@thomsonroddick.com

February 2013

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February 2013

Feature article

THE YEAR OF THE WATER SNAKE COMETH Coin News’ snake-in-residence, DR KERRY RODGERS, delights in the largest coin programme on the planet

INCE I began writing this series back in the Year of the Rooster, I have been astounded at the rapid growth of the Lunar coin programme in size, global extent and variety. It is now by far and away the largest numismatic programme on the planet. Each year I watch to see which mint is ﬁrst to issue its coins. No doubt competition for market share drives these early releases.

The next Lunar Year is a Year of the Snake (YoS). It commences on February 10 of Solar Year 2013. The first coins to celebrate this occasion were announced by Singapore Mint on July 31, 2012 , struck for Macau. That was over six months before the new Lunar Year dawns. It was a close run thing. Perth Mint informed dealers of its first Lunar issues the following day. Other major mints were not far behind and before the end of September over 70 per cent of the coins noted here had become available. Those versed in the minutiae of the Chinese zodiac will be aware that the up-coming YoS is the 30th year of the 80th sixtyyear zodiacal Lunar cycle. It will run until January 30, 2014. Those into Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches will know it is a Guî Shì or Water Snake year. The World Economic Crisis not-with-standing, the world’s mints are continuing to celebrate the coming year with the full range of standard products: bullion, proofs, and specimens— along with those extra-special novelties. At least one new country has joined the fray and Niue is now a fully paid-up member of the one kilo Lunar bullion club. In the main this year’s mintages are similar to those in 2012 but there are some variations. Collectors need to be quick to secure the more desirable products. The fluctuations in the bullion market continue to impact the prices of Lunar items, especially those super-sized gold and silver issues. At the time of writing gold was selling in New York for $1,734/oz with silver at just over $33/oz. Snake tales The Snake came in sixth, after the swift flying Dragon in the Great Race the August Personage of Jade used to determine the order of animals in the Lunar Zodiac. Just as the Rat hitched a ride on the Ox, the Snake coiled around the hoof of the galloping Horse. When the finish line was in sight the Snake stuck its head up causing the Horse to shy. This allowed the Snake to take 6th place, relegating the Horse to 7th. The Jade Emperor is thought to have punished the Snake for its behaviour by removing its legs. The Snake got the message and mended its ways. The Snake is twinned with the celestial Lung (Dragon) and is blessed with similar auspicious qualities. It is sometimes referred to as a lesser Lung. The renewal seen in a snake’s shedding of its

skin symbolizes the return of the good times that can be expected in the coming year. The Lunar Snake that competed in the Jade Emperor’s race was non-venomous, similar to a grass snake. Given its close relationship with the Lung it would have been large with any connotation of poison and, by association evil, a no-no in the celestial sphere. Those born under the sign of the Snake are generally intelligent, wise and intuitive. They are creative thinkers who thrive when working alone, particularly in a calm environment. They are excellent problem-solvers, meeting deadlines with ease. But they are neither team-players nor committee members. They abhor noise and require sleep and relaxation if they are to live long and prosper. Always they must pay close attention to their health. Snakes are beautiful people: sophisticated, cultured and genteel. They are introspective and reﬁned, contemplative and private. They do not make friends easily and are careful in choosing those they get close to. Yet once a friendship is made Snakes are generous and kind, sharing their feelings freely. Snakes are materialistic. They love keeping up with if not surpassing the Joneses but have no patience shopping. They operate on a simple basis: See! Buy! Enjoy! Snakes are charismatic. They exude sex appeal and are legendary experts in the art of seduction. Yet, not everyone can live happily with a Snake. It takes a patient soul, one ready for the long haul who is able to cope with their partner’s tensions and preoccupations, one who appreciates their quirky humour and their odd-ball way of handling situations. Those with the fortitude can look forward to living happily-ever-after with their Snake. They will ﬁnd they have an intense and passionate mate although one prone to being possessive, particularly when trying to achieve the best for their partner. Oddly, few Snakes are good verbal communicators and this needs to be recognized by both partners and friends. On the downside, Snakes’ possessiveness can make them jealous and suspicious. They will scheme to achieve particular outcomes to the point of overegging the pudding. And they are given to doubting others’ judgment, often acting wilfully in the process. Warning: once betrayed, a Snake will never trust the person concerned again.

THE SNAKES AMONG US Snakes are industrious, imaginative and resourceful workers. They need occupations that present them with continual challenge. Well suited careers are: scientist, potter, analyst, jeweller, spiritual or political leader, sociologist, dietician, astrologer, magician, investigator, painter, photographer, travel/tourism, writer. Some well-known snakes include: Muhammad Ali, Kim Basinger, Tony Blair, Johannes Brahms, Giovanni Casanova, Bob Dylan, Henry Fonda, Mahatma Gandhi, Greta Garbo, Art Garfunkel, Dizzy Gillespie, Elizabeth Hurley, Howard Hughes, Audrey Hepburn, John F. Kennedy, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Carole King, Martin Luther King, Grace Kelly, Vera Lynn, Abraham Lincoln, Mao Tse-tung, Nigel Mansell, Dean Martin, Robert Mitchum, Ferdinand Marcos, Alfred Nobel, Aristotle Onassis, Dorothy Parker, Pablo Picasso, Mary Pickford, Andre Previn, Edgar Allen Poe, Brad Pitt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Mickey Rourke, J. K. Rowling, Dr Kerry Rodgers, Jean-Paul Sartre, Franz Schubert, Frank Sinatra, Charlie Watts, Oprah Winfrey, Virginia Woolf.

February 2013

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Feature article

Obverse and reverse of Macau’s YoS colourized proof gold 250 patacas struck by Singapore Mint. (Images courtesy Singapore Mint.

Common reverse of Perth’s YoS gold issues showing Snake with bamboo. (Image courtesy Perth Mint.)

Aries Cheung’s graceful snake slithers across the face of the RCM’s .9999 ﬁne silver $15 proof. (Image courtesy Royal Canadian Mint.

One of Fiji’s double dollar YoS Ying-Yang silver pairs. Note the absence of the efﬁgy of Queen Elizabeth II for the ﬁrst time. (Images courtesy Mint of Finland.)

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Macau This year the Monetary Authority of Macau was first cab off the rank, courtesy of the Singapore Mint. It is their sixth issue in a series that blends Western and Eastern cultures. Mintages, denominations and metals are as for previous issues in this proof series: gold 250 patacas, silver 100 patacas and 20 patacas. The common obverse is dominated by a silhouette of an elegantly coiled snake backdropped by the green and gold blush of a spray of Cymbidium ensifolium orchids, a flower that was a personal favourite of Confucius, who called it a “flower of noble character”. The reverse features Macau’s Ruins of St Paul’s, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The cathedral was built in 1602 but largely destroyed by fire in 1935. All coins are available from www.mint.com.sg unless sold out. Australia—Perth The Perth Mint has become the world’s largest producer of Lunar coins, both in number and variety. This year’s coins included the full range of traditional proofs, bullion and special editions seen previously with denominations and mintages similar to last year except where noted below. Details can be found on the Perth Mint’s website www.perthmint.com.au www.perthmint.com.au. Many of the first coins of the Mint’s sixth issue of their Lunar Series II appeared in the weeks following last August 1 when it missed being first across the coin issuance finishing line for just the second time in the past ten Lunar years. The reverses of all coins are the work of Ing Ing Jong. The .9999 fine gold coins show a fine sinuous snake amidst bamboo culms and leaves. All .999 fine silver issues feature a snake looped around a branch in bud consistent with the beginning of spring. Both gold and silver show the Chinese character for snake and the inscription “Year of the Snake”. Proof coins bear the Perth Mint’s P mintmark. The obverse of all of Perth’s coins shows the Ian Rank-Broadley effigy of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, the 2013 solar year-date, the monetary denomination and, where appropriate, the weight, composition and fineness of the precious metal. Some are summarized below but readers need to keep a weather-eye on Perth’s website. Further releases will take place over the coming Lunar year. Three gold proofs consist of $15, $25 and $100. Four silver proofs are $0.50, $1, $2 and $30. The $0.50 and $2 coins are contained solely in a three coin set along with the $1 proof. It is the 18th year of issue for Perth’s .9999 fine gold bullion and the 15th for the .999 fine silver bullion. Denominations are as for last year: eight gold and five silver. Perth’s 1oz .999 fine silver dollar is again available in both gilded and coloured versions and also as a coloured proof. As usual the proof, gilded, coloured and bullion dollars are available as a single packaged set. For the second year running a 36.60mm 1/2 ounce colourized silver proof 50 cents is available with a mintage of 10,000. And, this year collectors can purchase a colourized silver proof 1 kilo $30 with a mintage of 500. But there’s more! The silver YoS dollar is also available in a high-relief striking on 6.00mm thick, 32.30mm diameter, 1oz flan. Mintage is 7,500. And for the second time around, Perth’s gold proof Lunar issues also come with coloured reverses. Mintages are 5,000 of each denomination. Presumably a 1/20oz coloured gold bullion will

emerge to continue the series begun in 2008 with the Year of the Rat/Mouse. It had not been notified at the time of writing. The YoS brings the sixth of Perth’s gemstone Lunar coins: a colourized 1 kilo .999 fine silver $30. This year a black diamond glitters hypnotically in one of the Snake’s eyes. Mintage is 5,000. If your local dealer can’t supply, the Perth’s web shop is the place to buy: www.perthmint.com.au. Canada As last year, The Royal Canadian Mint was quick off the mark. Half of its YoS issues had been released by the end of August. These first issues included those of artist Aries Cheung that have become regular RCM releases: a .9999 fine silver $5, a .750 fine gold $150, a .9999 fine silver $10, and a .9999 fine silver $15. All share a common reverse featuring a classic Lunar snake—and its appropriate Chinese characters. It is also the fourth year of issue for Canada’s distinctively-scalloped Lunar Lotus $15 designed by Three Degrees Creative Group. The .9999 fine silver coin has a mintage of 28,888, down from last year. The Three Degrees Creative Group design also features on the reverses of two new coins: a 102.1mm, 1 kilo .9999 fine silver $250 proof with a mintage of 888, and a 101.6mm, 1 kilo .9999 fine gold $2,500 proof with a mintage of 25. And the RCM has produced a 27mm, 7.965g .9999 fine silver $20 specimen with a mintage of 128,888. All coins feature the RCM’s distinctive, uncrowned effigy of Queen Elizabeth II by Susanna Blunt. Prospective purchasers can try www.mint. ca if their friendly neighbourhood dealer is unable to supply. Fiji This is the fourth year Fiji has issued Lunar coins. None bear the effigy of Queen Elizabeth. Instead the obverses show the arms of Fiji. This is the first time Her Majesty has not appeared on a Fijian coin since a decision was taken to dispense with her effigy last year. From the Mint of Finland comes the third remarkable filigree Lunar silver dollar, the work of artist Erkki Vainio. A central hole contains a fine silver thread modelled as a snake. Mintage is 4,000. And once again from the Finnish mint we have two interlocking Ying-Yang-shaped Fijian colourized .925 fine silver proof dollars that were introduced back in the Year of the Tiger. The two coins join to form a taijitu circle 49.90mm across. Mintage is 5,000, up 1,000 from last year. Also from Fiji, but via the Helvetic Mint, comes a 38.61mm, 31.1035g .999 fine silver $10. The reverse design shows a snake coiled about a Gilson synthetic opal plate. Mintage is 1,000. All coins can be sourced from www.downies. com. DPRK Out of left field, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea has joined the Lunar stakes, courtesy of the Helvetic Mint. And it comes bearing an intriguing cross-cultural offering. The patinated 38.61mm, 20g .999 fine silver 5 won displays a holographic version of John Collier’s Pre-Raphaelite depiction of Lilith, based on a description given by Goethe. Lilith has Mesopotamian origins. She drifted into Jewish mythology as the first wife of Adam, formed from the very same clay. Consequently, she saw herself as Adam’s equal and refused to submit to him. This led to her being supplanted as Adam’s helpmate by the more compliant Eve formed from Adam’s rib. www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

Feature article Lilith went forth into the wilderness, the first woman scorned, to become the ultimate seductress. She debuted in this role as the serpent in the Garden of Eden. While her characterization as femme fatale is compatible with that of a Lunar Snake, her embodiment as an agent of evil is anything but. What this has to do with the Lunar New Year must remain a mystery in the mind of the designer, but the coin is nonetheless a fascinating piece with a mintage of 1,000. And, by the way, the position of the snake in Collier’s original has been adjusted to conceal Lilith’s manifold charms. Niue The tiny Pacific island of Niue has required three mints to produce its Lunar coins. From the Helvetic Mint comes “The Snakebite”, a 38.61mm, 20g silver-plated copper dollar. The reverse design shows an angry cobra’s fanged head front on. Again the imagery is incompatible with the Lunar Snake, but if striking cobras are your thing the mintage is 1,500. The Mint of Poland has contributed two .925 fine silver proof dollars both designed by Dobrochna Surajewska, both with mintages of 10,000. Both carry the Polish Mint mintmark. Oddly both show a 2012 date on their obverse and a 2013 date on the reverse. Both can be sourced from www.downies.com. A 41mm, 28.28g $1 shows a pair of snakes cavorting happily amidst Monstera deliciosa leaves. The snakes are selectively plated with 24 carat gold as is a silver filigree insert of a small snake. A 38.61mm 16.81g $1 displays a colourized cartoon snake that resembles one of the denizens of Disney’s version of The Jungle Book. Four YoS coins have been produced by New Zealand Mint for Niue, all struck in .999 fine silver and all available from www.newzealandmint. com. A 100mm $30 1 kilo and a 36mm 1/2oz $2 proofs show identical colourized snake reverses —complete with appropriate Chinese characters. Mintages are 300 and 8,000 respectively. A second 36mm 1/2oz $2 proof is presented in an egg. Its reverse shows a conventional coiled Lunar snake set against an auspicious red field. Mintage is 5,000. And then comes a third $2 proof, colourized on the reverse and struck on an oval, 45x31mm, 1oz silver flan. The blue and black banded Snake is coiled upon a hoard of gold and gems with the coin presented in a sumptuous golden syceeshaped casket. Mintage is 8,000. British Virgin Islands Bimetallic collectors need to queue-up for the $10 YoS proof from the British Virgin Islands. The coin consists of a 38.6mm, .925 fine silver ring that shows all 12 zodiacal animals on its reverse, about a brilliant green titanium core emblazoned with a magnificently stylized snake on the reverse and the effigy of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth on the obverse. The coin has a mintage is 5,000 and is available from www.downies.com. Laos This year Laos has produced its second Lunar coin struck by MDM Münzhandelsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG Deutsche Münze. It is a twin of that for the Year of the Dragon: a 55mm, selectively gold-plated, 2oz .999 fine silver proof 2000 kip. The reverse contains an inset ring of Burmese jade carrying appropriate YoS gold plated inscriptions in both Chinese and English. About the silver

February 2013

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ring that encloses the jade core are two snakes entwined on vines. Mintage is 2,888. France Monnaie de Paris was quick off the mark this year with its Anneé du Serpent (AdS) issues, the sixth since France joined the Lunar Coin Club in 2007. The .900 fine silver €10 euro and .920 fine gold €50 euro Lunar proofs were released in September. Their designs continue the quaint cultural mix that characterizes this series but with a further national twist. The obverse bears a magnificent serpent entwined within a Celtic knot motif. The reverse carries the effigy of the 17th century French fabulist, Jean de La Fontaine, along with all 12 zodiacal Lunar animals, as seen on previous issues. The silver €10 is struck on a 37mm 22.2g flan and has a mintage of 10,000. The €50 comes on a 22mm, 8.45g (¼oz) flan with a mintage of 1,000. The silver coin is available from www.downies. com. Otherwise try the e-boutique at www. monnaiedeparis.fr. Cook Islands For the third year the Cook Islands have issued four rectangular 1oz .999 fine silver Lunar dollars, courtesy of Perth Mint, again with a mintage of 3,000 sets. These are available from www. perthmint.com.au. The designer, Tom Vaughan, handpicked four different coloured Asian species for the reverse designs: Blue-Lipped Sea Krait, Yellow Banded Wolf Snake, Red Bamboo Rat Snake and Chinese Green Tree Viper. For the backgrounds, he used brush strokes to imitate traditional Chinese landscape painting. These backgrounds merge to depict a single landscape painting. Tuvalu It’s Tuvalu’s second year in the Lunar stakes with a further .999 fine silver colourized 50 cents. Last year an endearing baby dragon was servedup. This year it is a cute baby snake. Like last year’s dragonette, the snakeling is suffering a festive identity crisis. It cavorts amongst symbols of last year’s cool Yule. The 36.60mm coin has a mintage of 7,500. Try www.perthmint.com.au. Australia—RAM This is the seventh year the RAM has produced Lunar coins. Once again it has struck its three regular issues: an aluminium-bronze BU dollar, a silver proof dollar, and a gold $10 proof. The designer is Aaron Baggio. In addition the mint has produced a tetradecagonal BU cupro-nickel 50 cents. The design by Alex Vorodeyev shows a typical Lunar Snake coiled in long grass. It comes in two different packagings: a decorated card coin wallet and a large clear moulded Perspex stand in the shape of a map of Australia. These coins can all be sourced from: www.ramint. gov.au. For a second year in a row the RAM has also released six legal tender, proof-like Lunar bullion coins. The reverse design is by Chrissy Lau. The three .9999 fine gold coins comprise a 1oz $100, 5oz $500, and a 1kg $3,000. Mintages are 1,500, 1,000 and 100 but the $500 and $3,000 are made to order only. The three .999 fine silver coins consist of a 1oz $1, a 5oz $10, and a 1kg $30 with mintages of 10,000, 5,000 and 1,500 respectively. Some of

Reverse of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s ﬁrst lunar offering, a 5 won depicting Lilith. (Image Helvetic Mint.)

One of two .999 ﬁne silver YoS proofs struck for Niue by New Zealand Mint is a 1/2oz $2 packaged in an egg. (Image courtesy New Zealand Mint.)

Bimetallic YoS $10 proof from the British Virgin Islands has a brilliant green titanium core. (Image courtesy www.downies. com.)

Reverse of Laos’ 2oz .999 ﬁne silver proof YoS 2000 kip with its central jade core. (Image courtesy www. downies.com.)

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Feature article these RAM lunar bullion issues are available from www.downies.com www.downies.com.

France’s silver €10 euro contribution to YoS has a serpent looped in a Celtic knot. (Images courtesy Downies.)

A Chinese Green Tree Viper slithers amongst bamboo on one of four Cook Islands’ rectangular Lunar dollars. (Images courtesy Perth Mint.)

Cultural confusion: Tuvalu’s silver YoS 50 cents has a cute baby snake romping amongst symbols of last month’s cool Yule. (Image courtesy Perth Mint.)

Reverse of RAM’s $10 YoS issue. (Images courtesy RAM.)

Snake that would certainly have found favour with the Jade Emperor, its head emblazoned with an auspicious stylized peony. As in other coins of China this third Singapore Mint Lunar series the reverse This year the Lunar issues of The People’s Bank background features Chinese seal characters from of China appeared on October 25, 2012. the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches to As in past years there are 15 coins, eight in .999 emphasize the Lunar Snake’s traditional roots. fine gold and seven in .999 fine silver. They come in For the second year the largest.999 fine silver the usual mélange of rounds, rectangles, fans and coin is the 1 kilo $80. It is accompanied by regular plum blossoms that are the signature Lunar issues silver proof issues: a 5oz $25 and a 20g $2. for China. Those fans wish their recipients all good The .9999 fine gold coins include Singapore’s fortune; the plum blossoms invoke love. traditional issues: 5oz $200, 1oz $100, 1/4oz $5, and All obverses display the national a 0.3g $1. Pride of place is held by a 2oz emblem of the PRC either enclosed .999 fine silver $10 piedfort that shows in a wreath of lotus and fish, or the peony-emblazoned snake in flanked by columns of lotus and full colour. For those not into precious metals, the 38.70mm, fish, declaring the coming 20g cupro-nickel proof-like $2 year to be one of abundant is again available. harvests. The reverse design Singapore’s Lunar coins are also available of all the uncolourized in 2-in-1 and 3-in-1 sets. rounds, rectangles, fans Each set contains an eightand plum blossoms sided, floral-shaped ingot show a traditional featuring a snake slithering Snake coiled beneath the amongst lotus leaves and essence of a celestial Snake. blooms. And both the 5oz Alongside are the words Gui gold $200 and 5oz silver $25 are Shì in Chinese characters and the denomination. available in a matched set with a mintage of just 88. The proof gold rounds consist of a 10kg ¥100,000 and a 1/10oz ¥50. Singapore’s regular circulating coins for 2012 also come in dragonThe proof silver includes a 1kg A traditional folk snake frolics ¥300 and a 1oz ¥10. embellished, bright red and gold amongst a bouquet of lucky lotus Rectangular proofs are: a 5oz on China’s colourized gold ¥2,000. Hong Bao packs with a mintage of gold ¥2,000 and a 5oz silver ¥50. 60,000. (Image courtesy China Gold. Plum blossom-shaped proofs are a The coins themselves are 1kg gold ¥10,000, a 1oz silver ¥10, and a ½oz gold available from www.mint.com.sg or, if you are a ¥200. Two fan-shaped proofs are a 1/3oz ¥150 and most fortunate Water Snake, from your favourite a 1oz silver ¥10. coin dealer. This year there are four selectively coloured proofs whose reverse show a traditional Chinese But there’s more! folk Snake cavorting upon a field of auspicious No doubt there are other issues and issuers lotus blossoms. These consist of a 5oz gold ¥2000, out there such as the YoS “lucky money product” a 5oz silver ¥50, a 1oz ¥10, and a 1/10oz gold ¥50. released by the Bureau of Engraving & Printing in All coins are legal tender of the People’s Republic the USA. It features an uncirculated $1 greenback of China. If your local dealer cannot supply try bearing an auspicious serial number beginning China Great Wall Coins, www.chinacoin.com.hk, “8888” and packaged in a red folder with gold foil. or Mrs Anita Chou: anita@gwcoin.imsbiz.com.hk. My apologies for issues I have overlooked. I would appreciate hearing of any I have missed. I Singapore can be contacted at drkarogers@gmail.com. Singapore was the last of the major mints to As always: caveat emptor! Buy from a reputable release its Lunar coins as has become the norm in source. Numerous “replica” Lunar coins have past years. The series of nine gold, silver and base appeared on the market in recent years. They popmetal coins were announced in mid-November. up regularly on eBay. Some blatantly state that They range in size from the 1kg .999 fine silver they are plated and/or underweight, but others proof-like $80 to the 7.00mm 0.3g .9999 fine gold $1. don’t. Be warned.Otherwise, let Lunar collectors All obverses bear the Singapore Arms and 2013 everywhere cry aloud: “Gōng xi fā cái, hóng bāo solar date. The reverses all show a classic Lunar ná lái!”

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February 2013

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Ancients GEORGE BEKE

CONSTANTINE’S TRUE VISION From Plato’s Chi (X) To The Christian Chi Rho

OO weak to raise a ﬁnger, “This is not the way things were supposed to go,” thought Constantine. The ruler of the Roman Empire watched helplessly as the Christian bishop barged past his imperial guard, clutching vials of magic water and oil. “In the name of the Father, and the Son, and . . .”. One, two, three! The Emperor of Rome— Pontifex Maximus of the Roman state religion—was made into a Christian just as he gave up his soul. Later bishops would sweep Constantine’s atrocities and murders under the ecclesiastical rug, claiming that the emperor had been a fervent Christian all along. Brandishing this fabrication, they pounced on the “pagan” culture that had built and sustained the Hellenistic world, and they destroyed its temples, burned its books, and declared the performance of ancient rites punishable by death. With this cultural lobotomy, much of Europe plunged into a thousand years of ignorance, illiteracy, and intolerance that we now call the Dark Ages. But that’s not what Constantine had envisioned. Constantine had dreamed of a marriage, a union of the thousand-year-old civilization that had nurtured the golden age of Greece and Rome and the radical precepts of a New Age cult—an offshoot of Judaism—that was sweeping the provinces. Erased from text and memory by Christian censors over the centuries, the unifying vision of Constantine still shines through on coins of that tumultuous era. The Stairway to Heaven Just as they had adorned coins of Roman emperors over hundreds of years, pagan planetary gods appeared on early coins struck by Constantine: Mars marches with him on his military expeditions, the king of the gods, Jupiter, presents the celestial sphere that stands for command over the cosmos, and Sol Invictus offers the same cosmic orb to the emperor on numerous coins. To the Roman army, Jupiter, Mars and the Sun were of course the most powerful, visible gods in the heavens. According to savants of the time, the Wanderers in the sky travel along the ecliptic and trace out the Zodiac, the constellations that predict how a man’s life will proceed and eventually end. And when they are fortuitously aligned, the Planets illustrate step-bystep the visible stairway to heaven. The planetary ladder to the heavens was carried

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at the forefront of legions on Roman standards, promising a heavenly afterlife to any soldier who might die that day in the ﬁeld, a pledge that Constantine guaranteed, in his role of emperor and highest priest (Figure 1).

Fig. 1. Coin of Constantine with standards of the Roman army showing the planetary ladder to heaven.

Most popular in the Roman army, the cult of Mithras preached the ascent to the heavens through the Planets, as the Greek philosopher Celsus described: In that system there is an orbit for the fixed stars, another for the planets and a diagram for the passage of the soul through the latter. They picture this as a ladder with seven gates, and at the very top an eighth gate… —Celsus, On the True Doctrine The celestial ladder can be found on every Roman coin that sports a legionary standard with disks or circles that represent the Planets and their orbits. The Gates of Heaven Where does the heavenly stairway of the Planets take us? To the crossroads in the sky, to the intersections of the Milky Way and the course of the Planets, where the Gates of Heaven stood according to Plato’s disciples (who quote his Republic and Timaeus) and as seen on Roman coins for centuries (“Plato’s X on Roman Coins,” Coin News, January 2012). The X in the sky was not a late addition to Roman cosmology, for we can already find it on coins of the Republic. A denarius struck by Manlius shows the celestial X sitting by the Sun in his celestial quadriga, who is flanked by the crescent Moon—these being the two most prominent Wanderers in the skies (Figure 2). www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

Ancients

Fig. 2. Republic denarius of Manlius (c. 107 BC), showing on the reverse the Sun in his quadriga, the crescent Moon, and on the left, the celestial intersection, Plato’s X in the sky.

Who controlled the Gates of Heaven? The Pontifex Maximus did—the highest priest of the state cult of Rome—in the position held by Julius Caesar, by Augustus, and by every Roman emperor thereafter. In the grasp of the gods sits the celestial sphere, whether offered to the emperor by Jupiter or by Sol Invictus, and on that heavenly orb we see the intersecting lines that indicate the heavenly portals. That is the divine right by which Constantine ruled, the gods having granted him control of the celestial gates that sit at the crossroads in the sky (Figure 3).

Fig. 3. Coin of Constantine with Sol Invictus granting the emperor command over the Gates of Heaven at the celestial X.

As Pontifex Maximus, the ruler of Rome guaranteed to the citizens of the Empire that he was in intimate contact with the cosmic powers through the celestial portals, and thus could most reliably wield the rudder that steered the world to its shining future. The Planets and the Celestial Crossroads Constantine’s genius led him to combine two celestial symbols into one. The climb up the ladder of the Planets leads to the Gates of Heaven—the crossroads in the sky that had appeared on Roman coins for centuries. This combined symbolism was given a Christian twist when, by the addition of a vertical crossbar, Plato’s celestial Chi (X) would be transformed into the Chi Rho, cementing the union of the pagan and the Christian world views (Figure 4).

Fig. 4. Coin of Delmatius, junior emperor under Constantine, with the planetary ladder leading up to the heavenly gates now marked by the Chi Rho (c. AD 336).

One rarely ﬁnds Christian symbols on Constantine’s own coins, but the Chi Rho banner atop the planetary ladder does appear toward the end of his reign on coins of junior emperors —his sons Constantine Jr., Constantius II, and his nephew Delmatius. Once Constantine passed away, his Christian sons had Delmatius and other cousins killed, following their father’s practice of eliminating any possible competition. Having made themselves co-emperors, the three brothers embraced the combined symbolism of the planetary stairs that led to the Gates of Heaven now indicated by the Christian Chi Rho. In this merged cosmic view, the planetary gods of the pagan world still had a role in the scheme of things, serving as stepping-stones to the celestial portals (Figure 5). February 2013

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Fig. 5. Coin of Constantius II, with the emperor holding standards with planetary ladder and Chi Rho at the top.

Constantine’s wedding of pagan and Christian symbolism was not without precedent. Already around AD 165, the Christian apologist Justin Martyr had tried that tactic. Re-branding the Old, Erasing the Past In an open letter to the emperor Antoninus Pius, Justin equated the Christian Son of God with Plato’s Cosmic Soul, which had the shape of an X in the sky. And the scientific discussion of the Son of God in his Timaeus— when he says: “He arranged him as an X in the cosmos”—Plato took from Moses, and spoke in similar terms. —Justin Martyr, Apology on Behalf of Christians Here was the first step in the re-branding of Plato’s ancient symbol, the celestial X that had appeared on many Roman coins: Justin claimed that Plato was discussing the Son of God 350 years before Jesus was born, and that Plato had somehow purloined the shape of the cross from Moses. The Christian upstarts were trying to grab control of the Gates of Heaven from the very hands of the Roman Emperor. No wonder that Justin soon earned his nickname of “Martyr”. Constantine wasn’t so picky. Like earlier bootstrap emperors such as Augustus and Vespasian, he needed to establish a heavenly mandate for the dynasty of his ambitions, and he would take his celestial endorsements from whatever corner they might come from. In fact, the first divine vision that blessed Constantine’s ambitions came from a pagan god. “On his way either to or back from Massilia, Constantine received news of the final collapse of the barbarian uprising on the Rhine. The news was conveyed at the precise point of the journey at which there was a road leading to a sanctuary of Apollo described by the panegyrist as ‘the most beautiful temple in the whole world’. It was there, according to the panegyrist in the climactic part of his speech, that the god himself appeared to the emperor, accompanied by Victory . . . This first recorded and purely pagan religious experience of Constantine has been seen by some modern scholars as ‘the only authentic vision of Constantine, the legend of the vision of 312 being nothing but a Christian distortion’.” —Samuel N. C. Lieu and Dominic Monserrat, From Constantine to Julian: Pagan and Byzantine Views, A Source History (Routledge, 1996). On many coins we see the Undefeated Sun present to Constantine the cosmic sphere marked with an X—Plato’s celestial intersection, the Gates of Heaven that the emperor controls. This heavenly mandate was given a Christian retooling by the bishop Lactantius, which describes the dream before the battle at the Milvian Bridge. Only one copy of this text has survived—a medieval document found in a Benedictine monastery—which has raised eyebrows about its authenticity. “Constantine was advised in a dream to mark the heavenly sign of God on the shields of his soldiers and then engage in battle. He did as he was commanded and by means of a slanted letter X with the top of its head bent around, he marked Christ on their shields. Armed with this sign, the army took up its weapons.” —Lactantius, De Mortibus Persecutorum

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Ancients We should note that here we have just a dream, and not a wide-screen vision in the heavens that everyone could see. Notice also that the “heavenly sign” is the letter X—Plato’s cosmic X that Justin Martyr had earlier linked to the Son of God. By the mere bending around of one end of Plato’s X… Voila! It miraculously becomes the mark of Christ. After Constantine died, the bishop Eusebius of Caesarea would claim that the emperor had given him conﬁdential information under oath, and he painted quite a different “vision”. “About the time of the midday sun, when day was just turning, he said he saw with his own eyes, up in the sky and resting over the sun, a cross-shaped trophy formed from light, and a text attached to it which said, ‘By this conquer’. Amazement at the spectacle seized both him and the whole company of soldiers which was then accompanying him on a campaign he was conducting somewhere, and witnessed the miracle.” —Eusebius, Life of Constantine Amazingly, we now have a visible noonday spectacle that is cross-shaped, and furthermore, we see letters in the heavens that spell out a legible message. This early example of skywriting propaganda shows that the text of Eusebius is pure ﬁction, a campaign to wrest control of the Gates of Heaven from under Plato’s authority —the cosmic X—in order to rebrand it as a cross-shaped symbol controlled by the Christian hierarchy. Coins of Constantius II illustrate that the propaganda of Eusebius was swallowed whole for political consumption: the motto “Hoc Signo Victor Eris” surrounds the labarum sporting the Chi Rho, while the pagan symbols of the planets along the standard have been erased (Figure 6).

Fig. 6. Coin of Constantius II with the emperor carrying the labarum with Chi Rho under the legend ‘Hoc Signo Victor Eris’ – the planetary symbols along the shaft have disappeared.

Christians crowed that the Edict of Milan had granted them religious freedom, yet they themselves did not live up to the precepts that tolerated all faiths. As soon as they gained power, they wiped out all traces within the Empire of pagan creeds, of Manichaeism, of competing Christian views held by Arians, Gnostics, and other “heretics”.

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Conclusion The texts of the bishops Lactantius and Eusebius give vastly different accounts of Constantine’s so-called vision, making them both suspect. Eusebius makes no mention of the battle at the Milvian Bridge, saying instead that Constantine was off campaigning somewhere when he and his troops witnessed a celestial diorama with visible letters spelling out a message of victory to the emperor. The quiet dream in Lactantius ‘ supposed account does not match the daytime spectacle that Eusebius claims Constantine revealed to him. The many oaths of Constantine that Eusebius repeatedly flogs show that the bishop “doth protest too much” and that his tale is pure invention. All these discrepancies were ignored for the sake of a hybrid confabulation that persists to this day. Supposedly, before the clash at the Milvian Bridge, Constantine and his troops witnessed a sign in the heavens in broad daylight. But according to the writings of the bishops, such an event never happened. What did happen was the re-shaping of an ancient symbol that stood for the heavenly gates—Plato’s X, the letter Chi—into a Christian symbol by the addition of a vertical intersect, giving us the Chi Rho that can be found in many churches today. Not a problem, said many pagans at first. We climb up the planetary ladder and we arrive at the Gates of Heaven that are promised to us by the intersecting celestial sign, whether that is Plato’s Chi or the Christian Chi Rho. But the Christians would play a mean trick on the unsuspecting opposition. They kicked out the ladder from under the pagans. The Planets would be demonized (Lucifer)) where once they had been divine (Diana Lucifera). Yet the influence the Wanderers once exerted on the lives of our ancestors is still felt today. The names of the days of the week can be traced to the Wanderers in the sky (Saturnday, Sunday, Moonday, etc.). In AD 321, Constantine made the planetary seven-day week the official timekeeper of the Empire, enshrining the circular dance of the celestial bodies into our memes for centuries to come. Like the army standards with planetary symbols topped by the Chi Rho, the planetary week with its climax in the day of the Sun reveals Constantine’s attempt at fusing the ancient astral religion and culture Fig. 7. Signed pewter medal of Rome with the newly emerging of 1913 showing the daytime Christian cult. That was the true apparition in the heavens that, according to the writings of bishops vision of Constantine. of the time, never happened.

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February 2013

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In focus

BRETT HAMMOND

James II’s Gun Money Puzzle James II. He promised his Irish supporters much, but delivered nothing, and left his base coinage unredeemed.

Large shilling minted in Dublin in 1689. Having an abbreviated Jan in its legend, this coin would have been among the ﬁrst to be redeemed for silver had James II succeeded in his Irish campaign. This coin, and the others illustrated, were all sold in recent TimeLine Auctions sales.

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HY might an ousted king intent on regaining his lost throne embark on an invasion of his former dominions accompanied by a substantial army, yet run out of money to pay his troops within a few weeks of landing? To understand why that happened to James II when he set out to conquer Ireland as a prelude to what he believed would result in his triumphant return to England, we have to go back to his initial quitting—regarded as abdication by William of Orange, who accepted the vacant throne from English Protestants at that time.

In the early hours of December 11, 1688, James II, whose father, Charles I, had suffered beheading at Protestant hands 39 years earlier, must have contemplated a similar fate when a servant hurried into his bedchamber with news that William and his army would reach London before dawn. James grabbed a few personal possessions and fled by the back stairs out of the palace of Whitehall to board a waiting ferry that took him across the Thames to Lambeth. Before reaching the southern bank he removed the ring that held his Great Seal and tossed it into the murky waters to deny William the satisfaction of wearing it. Alas, fate denied James even that gratification when, a few weeks later, a river fisherman hauling his nets found the ring among his flatfish and eels. Meanwhile, after a series of mishaps and a moment of weakness by the new king, who allowed the escape plans to proceed rather than risk having to capture and kill a legitimate monarch, James got away to France. On landing he was escorted to Versailles where his first cousin, Louis XIV, welcomed him profusely and listened patiently to James’s proposal that a French army should invade Ireland while William of Orange had his hands full combating England’s loyal Catholics. Louis, already at war with the House of Orange in the Low Countries, could see benefits in opening up a second front against the Protestants, but an all-out invasion might have weakened his other borders. Instead, he offered James arms to equip 10,000 Irish levees, together with a huge quantity of ammunitions and French gold coins equivalent to £12,000 sterling. Despite James’s impatience it took three months to assemble the stores and an attendant fleet of 30 warships. Meanwhile in Ireland the Catholic priesthood had roused their congregations to rebellion against the English, many of whom fled to England or to the two Protestant strongholds—Enniskillen and Derry —which were soon under siege. Those fugitive

colonists who headed for England enjoyed warm sympathy and generosity on arrival. Many were received into the houses of total strangers, while the House of Commons placed at the King’s disposal £15,000 for the relief of refugees whose wants were most pressing, and requested him to grant commissions in the army to those who were qualified for military service. On March 12, 1689, James landed at Kinsale to be met by cheering remnants of the Irish aristocracy and a mob of peasants who had descended to near banditry after the departure of their English landlords. Transporting his war chests and weaponry to Dublin introduced James to the practical difficulties of ruling a lawless land. The English colonists had carried off almost all horses and wagons, so the stores had to be dragged to the capital rather than travelling on wheels. As the party moved through the countryside between Kilkenny and Dublin, a tract of land regarded as the most fertile in all Ireland, they encountered only wastes, with no crops planted and scarcely any livestock set to graze. On reaching the capital on March 24 they found a city where industry and craftwork had ceased; where prices demanded for everyday goods, and especially for food and fodder, had increased five- or ten-fold in a few months. James’s efforts to raise revenue by imposing taxes and collecting rents on royal holdings proved fruitless. The English had not only made off with all available currency; they had removed themselves; the most industrious and skilled section of Ireland’s population was by now beyond reach of the king’s tax gatherers. Prospects for an early fresh start by bringing good land close to Dublin into cultivation were hampered by lack of manpower; most able bodied adults had either enlisted in the army or joined outlaw bands. James therefore embarked on an alternative fresh start: he would issue base money. The right to coin was his prerogative, as was the right to debase; and Dublin had a mint which had formerly struck copper coins. www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

In focus Striking of the base coinage commenced with a sixpence bearing the date 1689. The whole series is unusual in having an abbreviated month as part of the legend on all denominations except the crown. There were two issues; the ﬁrst (large) consisted of sixpences, shillings and half-crowns; the second (small) was made up of shillings, half-crowns and crowns. The need for the second issue came about due to a severe shortage of brass, with some of the second issue overstruck on the earlier large pieces. Shillings struck over sixpences; half crowns on shillings; and crowns on half crowns are known. The later coins were minted in Limerick as the Dublin mint had been captured after the Battle of the Boyne in July 1690 and closed. A few pewter emergency coins (crowns, groats, pennies, halfpennies and farthings) were issued in late 1690, but they do not include a month in their legends. James had promised to redeem all of his emergency money for good silver once he had gained a victory in Ireland. The coins were to be called in according to their abbreviated months; but as James lost the war, that redemption never took place. The English victors allowed the base money to circulate at much reduced values until Irish regal copper halfpennies were minted in 1692. By that time James had abandoned his Irish supporters and his base coinage and ﬂed to France.

The Battle of the Boyne at which James II lost his attempt to win back the throne of England; while the Irish lost all hopes of getting good money for bad. The original date of the battle was July 1, 1690, but due to the switch from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar, its anniversary fell on July 12 after 1752.

Examples of the brass halfcrowns, shillings and sixpences James II’s supporters were obliged to accept as silver.

This crown of 1690 is overstruck on a large issue halfcrown, with the undertype visible. It depicts the king on horseback.

February 2013

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Images courtesy of TimeLine Auctions Limited.

Here is a Protestant account of the minting and circulation of what came to be called gun money : [The King] conceived a plan to extricate himself from his financial difficulties by the simple process of calling a farthing a shilling. Pots, pans, knockers of doors, pieces of ordnance which had long been past use, were carried to the mint. In a short time lumps of base metal, nominally worth near a million sterling, intrinsically worth about a sixtieth part of that sum, were in circulation. A royal edict declared these pieces to be legal tender in all cases whatever. A mortgage for a thousand pounds was cleared off by a bag of counters made out of old kettles. The creditors who complained to the Court of Chancery were told to take their money and be gone. But of all classes the tradesmen of Dublin, who were generally Protestants, were the greatest losers. At first, of course, they raised their demands: but the magistrates of the city took on themselves to meet this heretical machination by putting forth a tariff regulating prices. Any man who belonged to the caste now dominant might walk into a shop, lay on the counter a bit of brass worth threepence, and carry off goods to the value of half a guinea. Legal redress was out of the question. Indeed the sufferers thought themselves happy if, by the sacrifice of their stock in trade, they could redeem their limbs and their lives. There was not a baker’s shop in the city round which twenty or thirty soldiers were not constantly prowling. Some persons who refused the base money were arrested by troopers and carried before the Provost Marshal, who cursed them, swore at them, locked them up in dark cells, and, by threatening to hang them at their own doors, soon overcame their resistance. Of all the plagues of that time none made a deeper or a more lasting impression on the minds of the Protestants of Dublin than the plague of the brass money.

Insight

MICHAEL ALEXANDER

“Monte Carlo or bust”

ANY of our readers have at one time or another attended Coinex in London, the World Money Fair in Berlin, the New York International Numismatic Convention, the Dublin Coin Show, the ANA or even the Singapore or Hong Kong coin expositions, and have had great things to say and remember about these outstanding conventions and locations. Recently, I had the chance to attend the “Monaco Numismatique” show, a lesser known but surprisingly good show for a variety of reasons.

At “Monaco Numismatique”, which took place on December 2, more than 50 dealers from, not only France and of course Monaco itself, but also the UK, Germany, Austria, Italy, Netherlands and Spain, offered a wide range of coins, banknotes and stamps. Also in attendance was the L’Ofﬁce des Émissions de Timbres-Poste offering the latest stamps and FDCs along with commemorative wedding and new deﬁnitive

The front of the Casino with Christmas trees and snow in the front

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stamps of Prince Albert II. Organised in conjunction with the Association Numismatique de Monaco, the show’s main coordinator is Editions Victor Gadoury, a primary source for rare coins and reference publications, located in Monte Carlo. Held at the Salle du Canton in the Terrasses de Fontvieille, the venue is centrally located and very easy to get to from any part of the principality or from nearby Beausoleil in France. To coincide with the show an exceptional exhibition was held at the nearby Musée des Timbres et des Monnaies (MTM), Monaco’s very fine museum of stamps and coins originally established in 1997 under the patronage of the late Prince Rainier III. For the exclusive two-day period, the Museum displayed many rare and unique items which focused on the principality’s foundation, highlighting two very important anniversaries in its history. Entitled “Souverainete, Seigneurie, Principaute—1512 - 1612 - 2012”, the special exhibition included the actual Letters Patent, signed by King Louis XII himself, issued on February 20, 1512 and recognising Monaco’s sovereignty—effectively acknowledging the Principality’s independence—before even being designated a Principality. It was certainly the main attraction, along with Monaco’s very first coins issued in 1640 and struck in the Prince’s own Royal Palace. While attending “Monaco Numismatique” and viewing the exhibition at the MTM, interested collectors were given the chance to purchase two limited edition coins which were officially issued on the day of the show. These were a €2 (unc and proof) coin which celebrated the 500th anniversary of Monaco’s right to coin its own currency, originally recognised in 1512, and a €10 silver proof coin marking the 400th anniversary of www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

Insight The salle du Canton in Fontvielle, readying itself to host “Monaco Numismatique” one day before the event.

The show’s adjacent room which included about 40 dealers, the coin show was divided into two rooms—the remaining dealers being in the main hall.

“ . . . Amid the luxury penthouses, yachts, glitzy shopping, glamour, Maseratis, famous faces and casinos, a visit to the Museum is a “must” as it contains every Monegasque coin minted in both Monaco and at the Monnaie de Paris . . . ” scheduled for November 23–24, 2013 and soak up some of the local Monegasque culture. Interested collectors wishing further information on the next show and events associated with it should contact the organiser, Editions Gadoury at: contact@gadoury.com—and be sure to make your travel plans well in advance for the most opportune airline prices and hotel availability. Travel to Nice from most major cities is easy and made very convenient, with regular shuttle buses direct to Monte Carlo just steps away from the main entrance of Nice International Airport. The Musée des Timbres et des Monnaies is located at 11 Terrasses de Fontvieille, MC 98000, Monaco and deﬁnitely should be added to your itinerary when in Monte Carlo. For information on opening times and admission, contact mtm@ gouv.mc.

Monaco’s ﬁrst printing press used for stamps, on display at the MTM in Fontvielle, in the background, their ﬁrst minting press, circa 1838—also on display along with the coins produced.

My thanks to Francesco Pastrone of Editions Victor Gadoury and Monaco Numismatique and to Ms. Linda Castellini & Mr Christian Charlet of the Musée des Timbres et des Monnaies for their kind hospitality and assistance. February 2013

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Photos courtesy of Michael Alexander.

the title “Sovereign Prince” which was first given to the then Lord of Monaco in 1612. Also organised to take place the day before the show was an excellent auction offering more than 700 lots, including 100 lots of Monegasque coins ranging in date from 1640 to 1974, as well as a good selection of ancient, Byzantine and foreign coins. The obverse of Monaco’s It would be impossible not to latest silver collector coin mention the splendid location that is depicts Prince Honore II the South of France and Monte Carlo who was the first Lord of itself. Amid the luxury penthouses, Monaco to use the title yachts, glitzy shopping, glamour, of Sovereign Prince in 1612, the coin marks the Maseratis, famous faces and casinos, 400th anniversary of this a visit to the Museum is a “must” elevation. The reverse as it contains every Monegasque depicts the crowned national coin minted in both Monaco and at crest with the motto “DEO the Monnaie de Paris as well as just JUVANTE” and the coin’s about every stamp ever issued in the denomination of 10 €uro. Principality. World coin collectors, especially those who collect Monegasque coins, will also be pleased to see the original minting press that was first used in the early 1800s and which now takes pride of place in the Museum, along with the printing press used for the production of Monaco’s first ever stamps. After this treat, do take the time to explore Monte Carlo which is both easy and inexpensive to get around, with many, many sights to see, from the massive Oceanographic Institute founded by Prince Albert I, to the Princely Palace and the old town, to the famed Casino and the port where there are literally hundreds of pleasure boats and yachts moored. The ease of getting to Nice, the reasonable accommodation offered in adjacent Beausoleil and the beauty of Monaco itself, are all good excuses to visit the next “Monaco Numismatique”

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February 2013

Medallic miscellany MAX EVEREST-PHILLIPS

No Token Protest: M

the Tichborne Claimant medal

EDALS of the Victorian period were struck for a variety of often overlapping purposes: to celebrate, to educate, to raise funds for a popular cause, or to exploit a public event for commercial beneﬁt. Some more elaborately engraved medals were struck in gold, silver, bronze, brass, pewter or tin to suit every social class and pocket.

The cheapest medals enabled the ordinary citizen to help fund a Sunday school, back a good cause, sympathise with a protest movement, display patriotic loyalty to the monarchy, or identify with a popular hero. Often worn as symbols of solidarity, supporters would drill their own holes in their medals in order to pin them to their clothing. Most medals have a self-evident purpose. The more elaborate the narrative in metal, usually the less interpretation is required in print. It is the simpler and cruder medals that require more explanation. The pierced 1871 Tichborne medal is a prime example of this. It requires some elucidation of its times to realise that it was worn in sympathy with the most unusual political outburst of popular discontent during the reign of Queen Victoria. The claim started in 1866 when the main protagonist, universally referred to at the time and since as “The Claimant” but probably an unemployed butcher from Wapping living in Australia named Arthur Orton, declared himself to be Sir Roger Tichborne, heir to an ancient aristocratic title, an estate and the colossal income of £25,000 per annum (perhaps equivalent to £30 million in 2013). The Claimant, returning to England 12 years after Roger had been presumed drowned, was immediately accepted as the missing baronet by Roger’s mother and many old acquaintances. Yet his identity was denied with equal vigour by most of Roger Tichborne’s other immediate relations. Their doubts were clearly based on more than just self-interest. For where Roger Tichborne had been slim, dark-haired, reserved and educated, the Claimant was fat, fair-haired, outspoken and uncouth. The Tichborne Claimant challenged the legitimacy of politics based on rigid social class divides if a poor butcher could successfully pass himself off as an English baronet from one of the oldest of British aristocratic families. The estates were held in trusteeship for the infant son of Roger’s deceased younger brother, and the Claimant sued for their return. The resulting civil case lasted from May 1871 to March 1872. When the Claimant lost he was arrested for perjury. The second, criminal trial ended in February 1874 in a guilty verdict. Freed in 1884, the Claimant died in 1898. The medal portrays the “Tichborne Claimant” on the obverse, and on the reverse his adversary, the proﬁle of a mop-haired boy, with the inscription “THE ALLEGED RIGHTFUL HEIR/AGE 5 YEARS”. This image portrays Roger’s nephew, Henry Alfred Joseph Doughty Tichborne, 12th Baronet, who had inherited the estates. It was worn as

February 2013

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token of protest over the pace of parliamentary reform. In the political atmosphere after the passing of the Second Reform Act of 1867, radicals adopted the butcher from Wapping as a symbol of the struggle of the common man to get justice from a corrupt establishment. Popular Protestantism rallied to the Claimant’s struggle against the Catholic Tichborne family. The political elite defended the established order, represented by the boy as the “rightful heir”. The medal is the numismatic representation of the most unusual outburst of popular discontent during the reign of Queen Victoria. The medal conveyed a subtle message. The obverse side implied that the Claimant represented the dignity of the ordinary working man. By contrast, the imagery of the child on the reverse stressed the foppish youthfulness of a boy born into privilege, yet whose “rightfulness” to the title and accompanying wealth had been doubted by his own grandmother. The Tichborne affair was more than a whimsical 19th century cause célèbre. The movement that mobilised around the Tichborne Claimant was the strongest expression of popular radicalism to emerge between the collapse of Chartism in 1848 and the rise of Socialism in the 1880s. The medal reflects the fragility of British democracy in 1871. Benjamin Disraeli’s Tory government in 1867 gambled on a “leap in the dark”, introducing the Second Reform Act, creating deep anxiety among the ruling elite that power was slipping from their control. The Claimant highlighted the precariousness of English aristocratic inheritance and identity. The medal reflected that charged political atmosphere and the widespread radical feeling that the Tichborne family represented England’s over-privileged, corrupt and aloof aristocracy. The Tichborne case was an unusual lightning rod for the political tensions in an era of rapid social and economic change. The case was indeed honoured with that highest of British accolades: having a pub named after him (the “Sir Roger Tichborne Inn” in Alfold near Billingshurst, West Sussex). The medal was doubtless struck in large numbers but is now very rare. There is currently no example in good condition of this medal in any public collection. Their disappearance probably occurred because as democracy consolidated, symbols of one man’s attempts to outwit the Establishment and challenge its political legitimacy were no longer fashionable. Collectors now avidly seek out the “Tichborne Claimant” medal as a symbol of the most significant, sensational and extraordinary scandal to grip the British Empire in the 19th century.

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February 2013

Collector’s notebook

AUSTRALIA’S

FABLED 1930 PENNY DR KERRY RODGERS EXAMINES THE FONDNESS OF AUSTRALIAN COLLECTORS FOR A BRONZE COIN . . .

HE Holy Grail of numismatics Down Under is a plain bronze penny. The obverse shows Bertram Mackennal’s crowned effigy of King George V. The reverse is a simple lettered design by William Blakemore, possibly derived from a nineteenth century token. As with many coin rarities it is the date that is all important: 1930. This is the Great Australian Rarity. For Australians numismatists the situation is not unalike that in the UK where most collectors would cheerfully give André Lavrillier’s 1933 penny a good home. Of course finding the necessary money to make a purchase could provoke a heated discussion with a collector’s bank manager in either country. In June, 2012 what is arguably the finest known example of an ex-circulation strike of the 1930 coin was offered for sale by International Auction Gallery. It went to the block with a conservative estimate of A$450,000. This news came hard on the heels of a private treaty sale conducted by Australian dealer Coinworks of a proof/specimen example, the so-called Hagley coin. The claimed record price has not been disclosed but the asking sum was A$1.65 million. [This year the Aussie dollar has been running strong. At the time of writing A$1 = £0.65.] The coin that never was Australia’s 1930 penny was unknown in circulation until at least 1940. The date of discovery may have been as late as 1944. Official reports from the Melbourne branch of the Royal Mint show no bronze pennies were struck for circulation in 1930, certainly not bearing that date. It was the height of The Depression. Few additional coppers were needed to supplement those in circulation given the average weekly wage was about £3. But at some point during the war, word got out that pennies dated 1930 had appeared in circulation. Collectors in Australia feverishly searched all available small change. Sydney collector and shop owner, Sir Marcus Clark, had all cashiers in his stores regularly check their cash floats and banking. Ads were placed offering ten shillings for any example received. These ads ceased when they were held to be in breach of war-time regulations. A considerable amount of Australian effort yielded about fifty coins but there was a suspicion February 2013

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that others were still out there. All the Melbourne Mint would fess-up to, was that some 1930 pennies had been struck, “for museums”. In their highly-readable 1966 book, Collecting Australian Coins, Tom Hanley and Bill James reveal that a fair number of 1930 coins were indeed struck using a standard press. From these the best examples were selected by hand and dispatched to the British Museum and some Australian institutions. It is not clear if special steps were taken in preparation of these coins such as the use of polished ﬂans and dies although subsequent claims have been made that this was indeed the case. It is also unclear what happened to the surplus coins but for some reason they were not melted. Quite a few would have been involved given that the coin press used turned out 300 coins a minute. Even a few minutes run could have produced a few thousand coins. Figures bandied about as to the numbers produced range from no more than 100 to a couple of thousand, but most commentators concur that up to 1,500 coins dated 1930 eventually escaped from the mint. The Fleming account Prominent Sydney collector, the late Owen Fleming, participated in much of the early action connected with the 1930 coin. At the time of the initial discovery he was working in a bank adjacent to a US Army hospital, R&R camp, and post exchange. He handled large amounts

The ﬁnest known circulation 1930 Australian penny (enlarged) failed to sell in IAG’s June auction, no doubt as collectors had failed to sweet-talk their bank managers. This example struck with the “Indian die”. Image courtesy www. iagauctions.com

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Collector’s notebook

Coinworks’ Hagley proof/ specimen 1930 Australian penny sold by private treaty for an undisclosed record amount presumably in excess of A$1,000,000. Image Coinworks Press Room.

Authenticated London die 1930 Australian penny sold for A$90,000 in 2008. Image Noble Numismatics.

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of pennies each week. Nonetheless it took him over a year to score his first 1930 coin which he ended up buying from a newsboy for two shillings. He recalled his experiences in a September 1985 Australian Coin Review article. He more or less confirms the report in Hanley and James. Among other matters Fleming notes that long before the coin was recognized in circulation, the existence of the museum specimens was well known. After obtaining his first penny he wrote to the Melbourne Mint asking how many were minted. He received a reply stating, “no pennies were minted in the year 1930. However some 1930 dies were made and although specimen pieces were struck, I regret our records do not show the number of pieces that may have been struck with these dies.” It is also perhaps worth noting that the date of this special striking is not explicit in this letter. Most accounts make the tacit assumption that it occurred in 1930 but this may not necessarily have been the case. That matter aside, this official response served to mollify the Crown Solicitor’s Office when it challenged the legality of contemporary newspaper ads offering to buy the coin for above its face value. In effect the Mint’s letter implied 1930-dated coins were not current coins of the realm and hence were not legal tender. In the event the ads stopped and the Solicitor’s Office declined to prosecute. When the story reached the newspapers it helped add sparkle to the coin’s now growing lustre. Fleming recalls that dealers did not get into the act until the late 1950s. About that time they were offering fifteen shillings per coin each against a private collector’s twenty shillings. Prices climbed steadily and by 1960 regularly topped £10. The 1966 decimal changeover brought dozens of new collectors into the market and the demand for the 1930 coin took a sharp upturn. A 1963 auction saw an ex-circ example fetch £64. A year later the price was £125. That same year the Controller of the new Royal Australian Mint in Canberra cheerfully spent £195 of taxpayers’ money to acquire an example for the Mint collection. Already fakes were starting to appear. Both 1920 and 1936 pennies were found to be easily converted by a skilled hand. They sold quite well in the pub until revealed for what they were. Today, in Australia, an ex-circ 1930 penny in, say, F will set you back the thick end of A$30,000. And you will see little or no change from A$60,000 for one in VF. But there’s more! In 1930 the Melbourne Mint had in its possession matrices for the obverse of the

Australian penny from both the Royal Mint in London and the Calcutta branch of the Royal Mint. The two differ. Among other things, the relative positions of the letters in the ‘OMN: REX F.D. IND: IMP:’ in the legend vary. For example, on the Indian die the ‘O’ of ‘OMN’ is nearer the cross on the crown and the final upright in ‘N’ is exactly under one of the rim beads. On the London this upright points between two beads. The number of beads about the rim is also different: 178 on the so-called Indian die and 177 on the London. From 1920 to 1931 Australian mints used the two matrices somewhat indiscriminately. Most known 1930 pennies were struck using a punch made from the Indian matrix. Until 1966 it was assumed all had been so struck. That year one with a London obverse surfaced and was authenticated by the Royal Mint as was a second found in 1976. No one, including Fleming, Hanley and James, or later commentators, can offer any satisfactory explanation as to why two quite separate punches were prepared to produce, allegedly, just a few specimens. Fleming was of the opinion that one bag of pennies, i.e. 1,200 pieces, was released. His belief was founded on the normal mint practice of the day that, immediately following striking and inspection, coins were counted into bags, sealed and taken to the vault. With coins from two different dies in existence this argument would see a potential 2,400 coins struck and eventually released. However, not only were the circumstances of the striking of the 1930 coin other than normal, but there just ain’t enough London coins out there to support this hypothesis. It is a very rare coin in any grade. An authenticated example of a London die 1930 penny in VF, one of the three finest known, was sold by Noble Numismatics for A$90,000 in April 2008. Proof vs specimen I The legendary Australian collector Syd Hagley had a specimen 1930 penny in his collection. It is a superb coin, undoubtedly the one of best if not the best of any 1930 strike known in private hands. This is the coin sold recently by Coinworks. Quite early in the 1930 penny saga this specific item became the subject of debate. Was it a “proof” or a “specimen”? At no stage in the above discussion has the striking of proof examples been mentioned. The writer is not aware of reference to this term in regard to 1930 coins in the official record although is happy to be corrected in this. The hand-picked examples sent to museums were described originally as, “specimens.” The subject of proof vs specimen in respect of the 1930 coin is by no means new. It has long been a hot topic. In the 1970s and 1980s the main protagonists in the debate were Owen Fleming and Syd Hagley. The matter came to something of a head in an article by Fleming that appeared in Report of the Australian Numismatic Society 47, December 1982, pp.25-28. The debate centred on the definition of a proof coin. It was not just the status of the 1930 coin that was at stake, but whether or not proof coins had been struck by any Australian mint prior to 1955. In the course of exchanges, Syd Hagley stated, “It may seem hairsplitting” … “but because of the nature of the proofs struck at

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February 2013

Collector’s notebook the Melbourne Mint, it was necessary to limit the definition to official proofs only. Paradoxically I classify, not only the 1934-35 issued [sic] quoted by Mr. Fleming, but quite a number of specimens of other years, in my collection, as proofs and would be delighted to give them official status.” Such an arbitrary approach would probably satisfy few collectors today. It would appear to have been Fleming’s principle source of concern. No doubt it has contributed to some of the present confusion over the 1930 coin. Since Syd described his 1930 coin as a proof, subsequent purchasers of this same coin have bought it as a proof and continued to describe and sell it as such. But not all Aussie coin pundits are convinced of its proof status. Provenance puzzles The whole question of status became moreor-less eclipsed when the Hagley coin was offered by Coinworks. A new debate arose over its provenance. This aspect of the story was eventually thrashed out on national television in an ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) broadcast. The argument concerns whether or not Hagley obtained the coin from the personal collection of the former Deputy Master of the Melbourne Mint, Mr. A.M. Le Souef who, it was also claimed, had overseen the striking of the coin. Le Souef was a passionate collector and at first take it might have seemed credible that he would have acquired a specimen of such a sainted coin. However, the ABC reporter opened proceedings by pointing out official records show Le Souef retired from his position at the Mint in 1926, four years before the 1930 penny was struck. In addition no record has been found that he ever owned any 1930 penny. The claim of a Le Souef provenance for the Hagley coin is not new. It was seemingly first made in a Spink auction catalogue dated November 1981. This catalogue also described the coin as a proof and reported the existence of four other pieces in, “similar condition”: two in the British Museum, one in the Science Museum of Victoria (ex Melbourne Mint Collection) and one in the Art Gallery of South Australia. The example on offer was the, “only example in private hands.” Its provenance was given as “Ex A.M. Souef, S.V. Hagley, and Dr. C.R. Paxman Collections.” (Lest there be any later confusion, there are at least six such proof/specimen 1930 pennies, three of which are now in private hands.) On the ABC program, Tony Byrne, Chief Numismatist at the Royal Australian Mint from 1965 until 1986, poured cold water on the Le Souef provenance. He found it difficult to see how Le Souef had gotten back into the Mint four years after he retired and was able to get his hands on a proof without any official record being kept. Importantly, a catalogue of Le Souef’s collection compiled by the former Head of Numismatics at Melbourne Museum indicates Le Souef stopped collecting in 1928. No 1930 coin is recorded as part of his collection. Compiler, John Sharples was quoted by the ABC stating, “Many coins are wrongly ascribed to him.” A provenance of, “possibly from the Le Souef collection” has often morphed with time to “from the Le Souef collection.” Tony Byrne is convinced this is the case with Hagley’s 1930 penny.

February 2013

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Proof vs specimen II There is no doubt that Hagley owned the coin. He wrote that he had acquired, “a specimen from the Adelaide Gallery duplicates” … and … “this was a proof.” Byrne stated that Hagley had told him that it had been donated by the Gallery in return for Hagley’s assistance and donations over the years. But, for the ABC program Belinda Downie of Coinworks furnished a signed statement from Dion Skinner, a former colleague of Hagley’s, stating that Hagley had told him he had acquired his 1930 penny from Le Souef. As Dr Walter Bloom President the Numismatics Association of Australia pointed out the question of provenance has long been a tricky one in the rare coin industry. He added, “I can’t see that that makes a great difference to the asking price” …. “this is a rare coin, it is a beautiful coin, and it is very desirable.” Presumably, as Hagley regarded his coin as a proof this is how it was so described when his collection was dispersed and the coin came into possession of Dr Paxman. This status has continued to be applied to the coin. Tony Byrne regularly refers to the coin as a proof. Despite the fact that the coins in the British and Australian Museums are those struck by the Melbourne Mint as “specimens”, the Royal Australian Mint has no doubt as to the nature of these coins. On its web site it says: “Only six proof versions of the 1930 penny are known to exist: three in private hands, one in the Museum of Victoria, the National Gallery of South Australia and the British Museum.” In the long run it all adds to the mystique and glamour of the King of Aussie Coins. Later this year, this fascination will be further enhanced when the Numismatic Society of Australia releases new research on the coin that may well clarify some of the confusion. In the meantime, owners and potential buyers can make up their own minds as to provenance let alone proof vs specimen. One ﬁnal caution is supplied by Owen Fleming: The notorious and highly skilled forger David Gee prepared a die for a 1930 penny. It has never been located, before, during or after his arrest and subsequent conviction. Caveat emptor, indeed! Postscript: In the event the superb example offered by IAG failed to sell. To date I am unaware of any example of a circulated 1930 penny fetching in excess of $100,000 at auction. However, I am happy to be corrected.

Striking scene: former home of the Melbourne Branch of the Royal Mint and of Australia’s 1930 penny. Image Biatch, Wikipedia Commons.

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Coin prices

Coin price guide to: £5 coins

The Price Guide is intended as a supplement to the highly acclaimed COIN YEARBOOK and we hope the prices quoted will provide a true reﬂection of the market. The grading used in this price guide is strictly as the recognised English system. In the listing “—” indicates either: Metal or bullion value only; not usually found in this grade; or not collected in this condition.

Date

Mintage

FIVE POUNDS (SOVEREIGN SERIES)

UNC

Date

2013 EDITION AVAILABLE NOW

Mintage

UNC

FIVE POUNDS (CROWN SERIES)

This series is all minted in gold, and, except where stated, have the Pistrucci This series commenced in 1990 when the “Crown” was declared legal tender at St George and Dragon reverse. BU coins up to 2001 bear a U in a circle. £5, instead of 25p as all previous issues continued to be. Mintage is in cupronickel unless otherwise stated. BU includes those in individual presentation 1980 Proof ......................................................................... 10,000 £950 folders, and those in sets sold with stamp covers and/or banknotes. 1981 Proof ......................................................................... 5,400 £950 1982 Proof ......................................................................... 2,500 £975 £8 1984 BU ............................................................................. 15,104 £950 1990 Queen Mother’s 90th Birthday. .............................. 2,761,431 48,477 £10 1984 Proof .......................................................................... 8,000 £975 1990 — BU ..................................................................... 56,800 £40 1985 New portrait BU......................................................... 13,626 £950 1990 — Silver Proof ........................................................ 2,500 £1200 1985 — Proof ..................................................................... 6,130 £900 1990 — Gold Proof.......................................................... 1986 BU ............................................................................ 7,723 £950 1993 Coronation 40th Anniversary ................................. 1,834,655 £8 1987 Uncouped portrait BU ............................................. 5,694 £950 1993 — BU ...................................................................... — £10 1988 BU ............................................................................ 3,315 £950 1993 — Proof .................................................................. — £15 1989 500th Anniversary of the Sovereign. Enthroned portrayal obverse and 1993 — Silver Proof ........................................................ 100,000 £45 Crowned shield reverse BU .............................................. 2,937 £1000 1993 — Gold Proof.......................................................... 2,500 £1200 1989 — Proof ..................................................................... 5,000 £1150 1996 HM the Queen’s 70th Birthday .............................. 2,396,100 £8 1990 Reverts to couped portrait BU .................................. 1,226 £900 1996 — BU ...................................................................... — £10 1990 Proof .......................................................................... 1,721 £950 1996 — Proof .................................................................. — £15 1991 BU ............................................................................ 976 £900 1996 — Silver Proof ........................................................ 70,000 £45 1991 Proof .......................................................................... 1,336 £950 1996 — Gold Proof.......................................................... 2,127 £1200 1992 BU ............................................................................ 797 £900 1997 Royal Golden Wedding .......................................... 1,733,000 £10 1992 Proof .......................................................................... 1,165 £950 1997 — BU ..................................................................... — £12 1993 BU ............................................................................. 906 £900 1997 — — with £5 note................................................... 5,000 £75 1993 Proof .......................................................................... 1,078 £950 — £20 1994 BU ............................................................................. 1,000 £900 1997 — Proof .................................................................. 75,000 £45 1994 Proof .......................................................................... 918 £950 1997 — Silver Proof ........................................................ 2,750 £1200 1995 BU ............................................................................. 1,000 £900 1997 — Gold Proof.......................................................... £8 1995 Proof .......................................................................... 1,250 £950 1998 Prince of Wales 50th birthday .............................. 1,407,300 — £12 1996 BU ............................................................................. 901 £900 1998 — BU ...................................................................... — £20 1996 Proof .......................................................................... 742 £950 1998 — Proof .................................................................. — £50 1997 BU ............................................................................. 802 £950 1998 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — £1200 1997 Proof .......................................................................... 860 £1000 1998 — Gold Proof.......................................................... £10 1998 New portrait BU......................................................... 825 £975 1999 Princess of Wales Memorial. ................................. 1,600,000 — £12 1998 Proof .......................................................................... 789 £1000 1999 — BU ...................................................................... — £20 1999 BU ............................................................................. 991 £975 1999 — Proof .................................................................. £50 1999 Proof .......................................................................... 1,000 £1000 1999 — Silver Proof ........................................................ 350,000 7,500 £1200 2000 (“Bullion”) ................................................................... 10,000 £900 1999 — Gold Proof.......................................................... 2000 BU ............................................................................. 994 £950 1999 Millennium .............................................................. 3,796,300 £8 2000 Proof .......................................................................... 3,000 £950 1999 — BU ...................................................................... — £15 2001 BU ............................................................................. 1,000 £900 1999 — Proof .................................................................. — £22 2001 Proof .......................................................................... 3,500 £950 1999 — Silver Proof ........................................................ 100,000 £45 2002 Shield rev. (“Bullion”) ................................................. — £900 1999 — Gold Proof.......................................................... 2,500 £1200 2002 BU ............................................................................. — £900 2000 — ............................................................................ 3,147,092* £8 2002 Proof .......................................................................... 3,000 £975 2000 — BU ..................................................................... — £15 2003 BU ............................................................................. — £950 2000 — — with special Millennium Dome mintmark ...... — £20 2003 Proof .......................................................................... — £1000 2000 — Proof .................................................................. — £22 2004 BU ............................................................................. — £950 2000 — Silver Proof with gold highlight .......................... 50,000 £50 2004 Proof .......................................................................... — £975 2000 — Gold Proof.......................................................... 2,500 £1200 2005 Noad’s heraldic St George and Dragon BU .............. — £1000 2000 Queen Mother’s 100th Birthday ......................... incl. above* £7 2005 — Proof ..................................................................... — £1250 2000 — BU ...................................................................... — £12 2006 BU ............................................................................. — £900 £55 2006 Proof .......................................................................... — £950 2000 — Silver Proof ....................................................... 100,000 14,850 £150 2007 BU ............................................................................. — £900 2000 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... 3,000 £1200 2007 Proof .......................................................................... — £950 2000 — Gold Proof ....................................................... £7 2008 BU ............................................................................. — £120 2001 Victorian Era. ......................................................... 851,491 — £12 2008 Proof .......................................................................... — £900 2001 — BU ..................................................................... — £20 2009 BU ............................................................................. — £950 2001 — Proof .................................................................. £45 2009 Proof .......................................................................... — £1250 2001 — Silver Proof ........................................................ 100,000 — £150 2010 BU ............................................................................. — £900 2001 — — with frosted relief ........................................... 3,000 £1200 2010 Proof .......................................................................... — £1000 2001 — Gold Proof.......................................................... 750 £1400 2011 BU ............................................................................. — £950 2001 — — with frosted relief ........................................... £7 2011 Proof .......................................................................... — £1200 2002 Golden Jubilee ....................................................... 3,687,882 — £12 2012 Day St George and Dragon BU ................................. 1,250 — 2002 — BU ...................................................................... — £20 2012 — Proof ..................................................................... — — 2002 — Proof ..................................................................

Coin news

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February 2013

Coin prices Date

Mintage

2002 — Silver Proof ........................................................ 75,000 2002 — Gold Proof.......................................................... 5,502 2002 Queen Mother Memorial......................................... incl. above* 2002 — BU ...................................................................... — 2002 — Silver Proof ........................................................ 25,000 2002 — Gold Proof.......................................................... 3,000 2003 Coronation Jubilee ................................................. 1,307,147 2003 — BU ...................................................................... — 2003 — Proof .................................................................. — 2003 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — 2003 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — 2004 Entente Cordiale Centenary ................................... 1,205,594 2004 — Proof Reverse Frosting ...................................... — 2004 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — 2004 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... — 2004 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — 2004 — Platinum Proof Piedfort...................................... 501 2005 Trafalgar Bicentenary.............................................. 1,075 516 2005 — BU ...................................................................... — 2005 — Proof .................................................................. — 2005 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — 2005 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... — 2005 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — 2005 Bicentenary of the Death of Nelson ....................... incl. above* 2005 — BU ...................................................................... — 2005 — Proof .................................................................. — 2005 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — 2005 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... — 2005 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — 2005 — Platinum Proof Piedfort...................................... 200 2006 Queen’s 80th birthday ........................................... — 2006 — BU ...................................................................... — 2006 — Proof .................................................................. — 2006 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — 2006 — — — Piedfort, selective gold plating on reverse — 2006 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — 2006 — Platinum Proof Piedfort...................................... 250 2007 Queen’s Diamond Wedding ................................... — 2007 BU .......................................................................... — 2007 — Proof .................................................................. — 2007 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — 2007 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... — 2007 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — 2007 — Platinum Proof Piedfort...................................... — 2008 Prince of Wales 60th Birthday ................................ — 2008 — BU ...................................................................... — 2008 — Proof .................................................................. — 2008 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — 2008 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... — 2008 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — 2008 Elizabeth I 450th Anniversary of Accession ........... — 2008 — BU ...................................................................... — 2008 — Proof .................................................................. — 2008 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — 2008 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... — 2008 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — 2008 — Platinum Proof Piedfort...................................... — 2009 500th Anniversary of Henry VIII accession ............. 30,000 2009 — BU ...................................................................... — 2009 — Proof .................................................................. — 2009 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — 2009 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... — 2009 — Gold Proof.......................................................... 1,509 2009 — Platinum Proof Piedfort...................................... 100 2009 Olympic Countdown (3 years) BU .......................... — 2009 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — 2009 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... —

UNC

£45 £1200 £7 £12 £45 £1200 £7 £10 £20 £45 £1200 £6 £15 £35 £150 £1200 £3750 £12 £14 £20 £45 £100 £1100 £12 £14 £22 £50 £100 £110 £4000 £10 £12 £20 £45 £120 £120 £4000 £10 £12 £20 £45 £100 £950 £4000 £10 £12 £15 £45 £100 £1100 £12 £15 £20 £45 £100 £1100 £4000 £10 £15 £25 £45 £120 £1350 £4500 £12 £75 £120

Date

Mintage

UNC

2009 Olympic Celebration of Britain “The Mind” series (incl. green logo): Stonehenge Silver Proof ....................................... — £65 Palace of Westminster/Big Ben Silver Proof ................... — £65 — Cu Ni Proof ....................................................... — £25 Angel of the North Silver Proof ............................. — £65 Flying Scotsman Silver Proof ................................ — £65 Globe Theatre Silver Proof .................................... — £65 Sir Isaac Newton Silver Proof ............................... — £65 2010 350th Anniversary of the Restoration of the Monarchy 15,000 — 2010 — BU ...................................................................... — — 2010 — Proof .................................................................. — — 2010 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — £50 2010 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... — £100 2010 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — £1350 2010 Olympic Countdown (2 years) BU .......................... — — 2010 — Silver Proof ....................................................... — — 2010 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... — — 2010 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — — 2010 Olympic Celebration of Britain, “The Body” series (incl. red logo): Coastline of Britain (Rhossili Bay) Silver Proof ..... — £65 Giants Causeway Silver Proof .............................. — £65 River Thames Silver Proof .................................... — £65 British Fauna (Barn Owl) Silver Proof.................... — £65 British Flora (Oak Leaves and Acorn) Silver Proof — £65 Weather Vane Silver Proof .................................... — £65 2010 Olympic Celebration of Britain “The Spirit” series (incl. blue logo): Spirit of London (Kind Hearts etc.) Silver Proof .... — £65 — CuNi Proof ........................................................ — £20 Humour Silver Proof.............................................. — £65 Unity (Floral emblems of Britain) Silver Proof ....... — £65 Music Silver Proof ................................................. — £65 Anti-slavery Silver Proof........................................ — £65 2011 90th Birthday of the Duke of Edinburgh BU ........... — £10 2011 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — £65 2011 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... £115 2011 — Gold Proof ......................................................... — £1650 2011 — Platinum Proof Piedfort...................................... — £6350 2011 Royal Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton BU ......................................................................... — £10 2011 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — £56 2011 — Gold-plated Silver Proof .................................... — £85 2011 — Silver Proof Piedfort ........................................... — £90 2011 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — £1550 2011 — Platinum Proof Piedfort...................................... — £5450 2011 Olympic Countdown (1 year) BU ............................ — £10 2011 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — £66 2011 — — — Piedfort ..................................................... — £125 2011 — Gold Proof.......................................................... — £1600 2012 Diamond Jubilee BU .............................................. — £13 2012 — Proof .................................................................. — — 2012 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — £83 2012 — Gold-plated silver proof ..................................... — £100 2012 — Silver Piedfort Proof ........................................... — £145 2012 — Gold proof .......................................................... — £2400 2012 — Platinum Piedford Proof..................................... — £6400 2012 Olympic Countdown (Games Time) BU ................. — £13 2012 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — £100 2012 — Silver Piedfort Proof ........................................... — £175 2012 — Gold proof .......................................................... — £2880 2012 Ofﬁcial Olympic BU ................................................ — £15 2012 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — £100 2012 — Silver Piedfort Proof ........................................... — £175 2012 — Gold proof .......................................................... — £2880 2012 Ofﬁcial Paralympic BU ........................................... — £15 2012 — Silver Proof ........................................................ — £100 2012 — Silver Piedfort Proof ........................................... — £175 2012 — Gold proof .......................................................... — £2880

Next month: Coin price guide to: Farthings February 2013

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Coin news

Richard Plant

H T N O M E H COIN OF T

Coin 1.

How Pedro the Cruel “used” the Black Prince Monarchs can earn themselves some very unpleasant names—though not usually to their faces! Look at Ivan the Terrible of Russia, Ethelred the Unready of Anglo-Saxon England, and so on; but certainly one of the worst must be the name attached to Pedro (Peter) I, King of Castile, 1350–69, who is known to history as “Pedro the Cruel”, a soubriquet which I am afraid was well earned. For this month’s “Coin of the Month” I show two coins, the ﬁrst being a billon “cornado” of Pedro the Cruel, with Pedro’s facing portrait on the obverse (I’m afraid he didn’t have time to have a Coin 2. haircut before the coin engraver engraved this likeness!), and the Castle representing Castile on the reverse. The other coin, Coin Two, is a silver hardi d’argent of our own Black Prince, Edward, son of King Edward III, who unfortunately died in 1376, the year before his father’s death in 1377, so he never made it to “King of England”, though his infant son did grow up to succeed Edward III as King Richard II. I include this coin of the Black Prince, who was created Duke of Aquitaine in South-West France by his father in 1366, and was in character the exact opposite of Pedro—the “black” attached to the Prince’s name not referring to any blackness in his character but to his wearing black armour—in fact he was known as “the Mirror of Chivalry”, because of his trustworthiness, mercifulness and all the good qualities Pedro did not possess. When the Castilians were driven to rebellion by Pedro’s cruelties, choosing Pedro’s half-brother Henry of Trastamara to become King of Castile in his place, Pedro begged help from the Black Prince—and he, being truthful himself, was simple enough to think other people were truthful too. Pedro was an anointed king, and his people were in rebellion against him—he saw it all in black and white—so it must be right to support the anointed king, and restore him to his rightful throne. Pedro’s request for help had come at a good time, because we had signed the Treaty of Bretigny with France in 1360; so the Black Prince, who loved warfare, was at a bit of a loose end. He gathered an army, including a number of English “Free Companies” who were roaming around France looting and pillaging as much as they could in the hope of making enough money for a future prosperous retirement somewhere back home in England. The Prince believed all Pedro’s promises of liberal payment to all the troops, and Pedro’s promise that after victory he would pardon all his enemies; and how could he resist Pedro’s offer to bestow on himself the Spanish province of Biscay? So in 1366 an English army marched across the Pyrenees into Spain to restore just about the most unpopular kings the Spaniards had ever had. At the Battle of Navarette the army of Henry of Trastamara was completely defeated—and the job was done. But none of Pedro’s promises came to fruition. There was no pay for the men, and the Black Prince had to pay them from his own personal resources. Pedro wanted to slaughter all the captives; though the Black Prince, beginning to see through Pedro’s duplicity, managed to stop this and there was certainly no Province of Biscay for the Prince; who not long after began to fail in health with an illness.from which he never recovered.

KRUGERRANDS & SOVEREIGNS

This chart is an indication of our Buying & Selling PRICES PLEASE TELEPHONE 01428 685566 FOR TODAY’S PRICES Please note our buying prices are NOW approx. just 2% under the gold price and our selling prices are approx.only 3% over the gold price Please convert the dollar price of gold to pounds and refer to the chart below. e. g. with gold trading at $1712 per oz & $ £ conversion rate of $1.615, the Gold price would be £1060 per 1oz The Gold price will vary. Please re-calculate and refer to the chart below or telephone IF GOLD

KRUGERRANDS

IF GOLD

SOVEREIGNS

PRICE per OZ

WE BUY

WE SELL

PRICE per OZ

WE BUY

WE SELL

£990.00 £1,000.00 £1,010.00 £1,020.00 £1,030.00 £1,040.00 £1,050.00 £1,060.00 £1,070.00 £1,080.00 £1,090.00 £1,100.00 £1,110.00 £1,120.00 £1,130.00 £1,140.00 £1,150.00

£971.00 £980.00 £990.00 £1,000.00 £1,010.00 £1,020.00 £1,029.00 £1,039.00 £1,048.00 £1,059.00 £1,068.00 £1,078.00 £1,088.00 £1,098.00 £1,108.00 £1,118.00 £1,127.00

£1,019.00 £1,030.00 £1,040.00 £1,050.00 £1,060.00 £1,071.00 £1,081.00 £1,091.00 £1,102.00 £1,112.00 £1,122.00 £1,133.00 £1,143.00 £1,153.00 £1,163.00 £1,174.00 £1,184.00

£990.00 £1,000.00 £1,010.00 £1,020.00 £1,030.00 £1,040.00 £1,050.00 £1,060.00 £1,070.00 £1,080.00 £1,090.00 £1,100.00 £1,110.00 £1,120.00 £1,130.00 £1,140.00 £1,150.00

£229.00 £231.00 £233.00 £236.00 £238.00 £240.00 £243.00 £245.00 £247.00 £250.00 £252.00 £254.00 £257.00 £259.00 £261.00 £263.00 £266.00

£240.00 £242.00 £244.00 £247.00 £249.00 £252.00 £254.00 £257.00 £259.00 £261.00 £264.00 £266.00 £269.00 £271.00 £273.00 £276.00 £278.00

This chart is an indication of our Buying & Selling PRICES for Krugerrands and Sovereigns

Please telephone 01428 685566 for our latest prices We also urgently require to purchase for very competitive prices all British & World coins and medals BEST DEALS ON ALL COINS

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Coin news

JOHN NEWMAN COINS Buying and selling English hammered coins, British milled coins and British tokens Regular attender of Birmingham, Wakefield and London coin fairs Single items and collections needed Email sales@johnnewmancoins.com Tel 01903 239867 Mobile 07814 793312 John Newman Coins PO Box 4893 Worthing BN11 9WS

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February 2013

GB gold coins M. J. Hughes PO Box 1515 Kingston Upon Thames KT1 9UE Tel: 07917160308 E-mail: mjhughes87@aol.com Website: www.GBgoldcoins.com Buyers and sellers of British & World coins. Specialising in Sovereigns and Krugerrands. Always interested in buying any coins Extremely competitive prices paid! Please get in touch for a no obligation quote, or if you need a little advice.

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Bookshelf

Readers’ delight A mixed selection of books to suit various collectors MINTS AND MONeYeRS DURING The ReIGN OF heNRY III by Ron Churchill. xx+426pp. hardbound with printed dustjacket. 190x270mm. Illustrated in b/w and colour throughout. Published by Baldwins. Price £60. ISBN 978-0-90691924-8. This is the companion book to The Brussels Hoard of 1908, reviewed last month, and is every bit as important for collectors of the series. The author has spent literally years and travelled hundreds of miles amassing the information to produce this unforgettable book and the publishers have spared no time or expense to make it a worthy addition to every collector’s library. By its title the scope of the book may sound very limited but the author has written a full and fascinating account of each of the mints used to produce the coinage in England (and Ireland) and any reader, particularly with an interest in the period, will find the sheer amount of information staggering. With his skill and ability at transcribing 13th century documents the author has been able to add huge amounts of information to that already known about the mints, particularly those in London and Canterbury as well as the many then provincial towns such as Exeter, Bristol, Carlisle and York, to name just a few. The information he has uncovered about the actual moneyers themselves as well as other officials makes absorbing reading and he is to be congratulated on “putting the flesh on the bones” of so many people who were, up until now, just names on the back of a coin. As very few surnames were in use during the period, the task of identifying many of the moneyers must have seemed unsurmountable but the author has stuck to it and the result is an awesome “biography” of virtually each and every one. This amazing book is valuable reading for every collector. JM ANGLO-SAXON COUNTeRFeITS: Fakes, Forgeries and Facsimiles AD 600–1066 by Tony Abramson. x+206pp. Softbound. A4. Illustrated in b/w throughout the text. Published by the author. Price £29.99. ISBN 978-0-9569433-0-9. The author has done it again—he has come up with yet another important publication which will be of incalculable help to the serious collector as well as a fascinating read for those with any interest in coins of the period covered. His Sceatta List with Stycas Simpliﬁed, which was reviewed last month, is destined to become a standard reference and undoubtedly this new title cannot fail to hit the spot. At the best of times Anglo-Saxon coins can be a minefield for the uninitiated but the author has opened the window on the widespread problem of copy coins and as a result what has hitherto been an open market-place for the crooked has now been brought under scrutiny. With this important publication collectors can check that what they intend to buy, or have already added to their collections, really is what it should be. He has identified and illustrated virtually all known copies of the entire series, from contemporary counterfeits through to modern copies and forgeries, and whenever possible includes a picture of the genuine coin type for comparison. The author has also identified many of the people and the companies involved in the production of copy coins today—a market that this book should help towards “cleaning up”. An essential book for every collector’s bookshelf. Anglo-Saxon Counterfeits is available from eBay or the author (t.abramson. ntlworld.com) plus £6.90 p&p). JM LeS MONNAIeS ROYALeS FRANÇAISeS 1610-1712, 4th ed. by Francesco Pastrone. French language. 508pp. hardbound with colour photos. Published by Éditions Victor Gadoury. Price: 49 euro. ISBN 978-2-906602-40-3. Éditions Victor Gadoury has launched the fourth edition of its Les monnaies royales françaises 1610-1712 (Royal Coins of France, 1610-1792), commonly referred to as the “White Gadoury,” a well respected publication first published in 1978 and written by the late Victor Gadoury himself. This new edition of what I would call “The Four Louis” (since it covers the coinage of kings Louis XIII, XIV, XV, and XVI) has benefited from considerable research on the subject over the past few decades. Indeed, Gadoury’s text has been updated with the research of some twenty renowned French numismatists. The coins are presented by reign, from the smallest denomination to the largest. A list of all mint marks is at the beginning of each reign. One of the biggest changes introduced in this edition has been the discard of mintage figures that have been deemed inconsequential since many of the pieces struck by these kings were later reformed. A rarity scale has thus taken their place: C (common), R (101–500 known), R2 (51–100), R3 (11–50), R4 (5–10), and R5 (less than 5 known). Another change is the presentation itself. Each coin type is presented with spectacular colour images that are accompanied by the following data: reference number, fineness, official weight, diameter range, edge, engraver, and some notes. The values for three conditions are presented in a table. These conditions are: TB (Très Beau = Fine), TTB (Très très beau = Very Fine), and SUP (Superbe = Extremely Fine). Also included in the table is the date, mint, rarity, and whether the known pieces are reformations (identified by the use of “rf”) or struck on new planchets (identified by “fn”). All in all, a superb book well worth the 49-euro price for those that specialize in this series. My rating: 5/5. It is available directly from the publisher at http://www.gadoury.com/fra/libro-134-monnaiesroyales-francaises-2012.htm. Serge Pelletier

Coin news

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February 2013

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February 2013

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Coin News

A fine distinction

Dr KERRY Rodgers gets involved in the protection racket . . .

he newsletter of the Numismatic Literary Guild landed on my desk recently. The two centre pages are devoted to keeping your collection safe. The article by Michael Fuljenz raises issues relevant to matters discussed elsewhere in recent months, e.g. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Crime & coinsâ&#x20AC;?, Coin News, October 2011, page 47. Michaelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s approach is a somewhat more inyer-face than mine. In the course of it he makes several excellent suggestions I had overlooked: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Buy a safe: strong and too heavy for thieves to carry easily. Secure the safe: bolt to floor and make it time consuming to get at and into. Keep mum: be very guarded who you tell about what you own and what it is worth. Careless talk costs collections. Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t flaunt your goodies. Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t leave them lying around the house. Check your insurance: make sure any homeownerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s policy covers your collection. Know your neighbours: watch out for each other. Make it look like you are always home: never let it seem you are away. Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t publically announce your vacationâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;on Facebook, Twitter or anywhere. Destroy all evidence of any new expensive purchases e.g. TV, computer, or camera. Cartons in curbside rubbish attract thieves who may find your collections while relocating your new HD TV. Keep your house locked and windows secured. Use dead-bolts on doors not live latches. Install a very loud monitored home security alarm. Turn on the lights. Motion-activated lights help deter the casual thief. Get a dog with a deep voice.

For the smaller collector and the beginner a number of the above may seem OTT. A safe and security alarm may appear quite irrelevant. But as your collection grows and starts to include, say, gold coins, these suggestions become pertinent. But, rest assured, I have no intention of adopting suggestion #13. Doggies arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t me. I am a country boy. Essentially the list is all about principles. #3, 4, 8 and 9, for example, are about not drawing attention to yourselfâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and your growing collection. Personal security, whether at home, in the car, or on the street is a simple basic these days. Persuading would-be thieves to look elsewhere is the name of the game. Michael summaries his thirteen suggestions in two simple rules: (1) Put it in a safe place. (2) Keep your mouth shut about what it is and where it is.

My experience is that too few collectors do the latter. We need to keep our guards up against the casual thief and the opportunist. Against the determined thief who knows there is something good to be had at the end of the efforts and has plenty of time, we can do little. I had my car broken into the other day by an opportunist. Fortunately I keep nothing of value in it while parked and certainly leave nothing tempting on view. But all the same it was a damned nuisance. The thief had a good rummage. I had their mess and broken glass to clean up. It took me five days to get the glass replaced. Until it was once again relatively secure I could not park it in public. Most inconvenient, especially so as the cretins got away with the custard pie I had promised myself as a treat!

3DXO 'DYLV

ANCIENT & GOTHIC

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February 2013

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Coin News

IAN GRADON WORLD NOTES Quality banknotes bought & sold

P.O. Box 359, Durham, DH7 6WZ Tel: 0191 3719700 Mobile: 07929 602933 E-mail: igradon960@aol.com

Website: www.worldnotes.co.uk IBNS Member 7516 www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

BANKNOTE News

THE SPECIALIST BANKNOTE SECTION INCLUDED FREE WITH COIN NEWS

Plastic fantastic for UK?

HERE was a flurry of reports just before Christmas that the Bank of England are considering introducing plastic £5 and £50 amid concerns that the £5 note is not durable enough to last for very long in day-to-day use and the high cost to the economy of counterfeit £50 notes. It was reported that a source close to the Bank said: “This is at the evaluation stage. A decision won’t be made for the next year or two and production a little while after that, but a plastic £5 note is a possibility even though it won’t provide as much security as other options”. For the £50 note the Bank is considering the more expensive option of clear plastic windows. COIN NEWS’ very own contributor, Jonathan Callaway, was called upon to comment on the possibility of plastic notes on the Jeff Randall Live programme on Sky News. Jonathan gave an informative explanation of what polymer/plastic notes were and their advantages for the issuers over traditional notes (Jonathan deep in discussion seated right on the picture).

Marvellous Maastricht

PRING will, hopefully, soon be upon us and we all know that Spring is here when the Paper Money Fair Maastricht arrives. Taking place over the weekend of April 6 & 7, the Paper Money Fair is a firm favourite with dealers and collectors alike. As always, the venue is the Polfermolen centre just off the centre of Valkenburg. To find out more about the Fair visit the website www.papermoneymaastricht.nl.

New gov for BoE

S of July 1 there will be a new Governor of the Bank of England. The new post holder is Mark Carney who is currently Governor of the Bank of Canada. Mr Carney will succeed Sir Mervyn King. Welcoming the appointment, Sir Mervyn said: “I am delighted to welcome Mark Carney as my successor. He represents a new generation of leadership for the Bank of England, and is an outstanding choice to succeed me. Since Mark became Governor of the Bank of Canada, I have worked closely with him and admired his contributions to the world of central banking, in which he is widely respected”.

World of notes

HE Spink sale of World Banknotes on April 9–11 will offer a unique, unrecorded and important Commonwealth of Australia £20 trial of 1924. To find out more about the sale visit www.spink.com or telephone 020 768 4031.

New year, new venue

Boom for boom town note

ROM the New Year, the London Branch of the IBNS will meet in the auction rooms of Spink at 69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury, London WC18 4ET. For future event information call 0208 641 3224 or log on to www.ibnslondon.org.uk.

S reported in Banknote News (COIN NEWS, December 2012) Bonhams offered a newly discovered $5, the first bill issued from the First National Bank of Creede, Colorado on March 29, 1892 at its December 13 auction of Coins, Medals and Banknotes in New York. The note realised a healthy $101,790.

Image courtesy Reserve Bank of Fiji and Australasian Coin & Banknote Magazine.

Provincial paradise

HE double award winning The Standard Catalogue of the Provincial Banknotes of England and Wales is now available as a searchable CD-rom. As with the original best-selling book, this treasure trove of information was compiled by recognised provincial banknote expert Roger Outing and contains hundreds of full colour illustrations. The CDrom is priced at £24.95 plus £2 p&p and is available to order on-line at www.tokenpublishing.com or by telephoning 01404 44166. February 2013

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Fiji new polymer banknote

S reported in this months News and Views, Fiji has commenced the removal of Her Majesty the Queen from its coins and currency. At the same time Fiji’s first polymer banknote has been introduced. Barry Whiteside, the governor of the Reserve Bank of Fiji, unveiled their first polymer $5 note which has been introduced for durability and security (the higher denominations will remain paper substrate). The $2 note is being replaced with a coin in an effort to lower production costs in the long term.

Coin news

Coin News

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February 2013

Banknote feature JONATHAN CALLAWAY

The Western Bank of Scotland—

A notorious Scottish banking failure T

HE Western Bank of Scotland was formed in Glasgow in July 1832 at a time when “joint stock mania” was growing: new stock exchange-listed companies were springing up all over the country as the newly wealthy middle classes sought homes for their capital. The Western began life with a handsome level of paid up capital of £209,170 contributed by 430 shareholders. Why did this bank fail just 25 years later amid signiﬁcant losses for its shareholders? Why was there so little warning of its imminent collapse and why were no lessons learnt from this? If lessons had been learned then the even greater disaster of the City of Glasgow Bank’s collapse some 21 years later might have been less of a shock to Scotland’s economy (see COIN NEWS, April 2010). Joseph Swan’s engraving of the £1 note is a classic Scottish, square design.

At the outset the bank’s prospectus set out an ambitious growth strategy and the directors and managers were employed to do exactly that: grow the bank as quickly as they could. The bank did indeed grow very rapidly, achieving this according to Kerr1 only “by setting at deﬁance the soundest principles of good management”. Boase2 shared similar views; his comment on the bank’s appearance and substantial starting capital was heartfelt: “alas for the credit of Scotch sobriety in banking matters!” Neither of these sentiments made the slightest difference; the bank adopted a policy of rapid growth February 2013

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almost at any cost. Also, its management showed a lack of prudence; while lending grew very rapidly they dispensed with the sensible policy of building and maintaining liquid reserves, something the established banks had always done as a matter of course. The Western continued on its growth course but as early as 1834 it had had to turn to the major banks for liquidity support, in the form of a £100,000 loan from the major Edinburgh banks (the Bank of Scotland, the Royal and the British Linen). The leading London private bank of Jones, Loyd & Co had declined to honour their drafts and the Edinburgh banks refused to accept their notes until changes to their lending policies were made. The manager was dismissed and the bank continued much as before, opening further branches around Scotland. In 1838 they experienced problems with their American business and there were further liquidity problems. The Edinburgh banks threatened once again to decline to accept the Western’s notes and this time the Western backed down, agreeing to improve its liquidity reserves by investing in government securities. An application was made to obtain a Royal Charter but the Edinburgh banks, to the Western’s chagrin, lobbied successfully against that. In 1843 the Western made the ﬁrst of several acquisitions, the Greenock Banking Company, whose partners received a large premium. This bank had been established in 1785 and had the distinction of being the last private banking partnership in Scotland to issue notes. This effectively marked the end of the private banks as a force in the economy. By 1844 capital had increased to £1,300,000 and the same year the Western made the largest of its four acquisitions by absorbing the Dundee Union Bank which had operated since 1812 and had earlier acquired the Montrose Banking Company. Later the same year a further acquisition was made, of the Paisley Commercial Banking Company. This bank had had a relatively short life having only been founded in 1838, but it was well-capitalised and had traded successfully despite

Coin news

Banknote feature W. H. Lizars’ engraving of the £10 note features three allegorical females but the two male statues to the left and right have not been identiﬁed—can readers help?

long-established competition in the form of two existing banks in Paisley. There was another banking liquidity crisis in 1847, relieved only by the temporary suspension of one of the clauses of the 1844 Banking Act which had restricted note issuance by the Bank of England to the total of its holdings of government securities and gold. This was in effect an early effort at quantitative easing but it still failed to prevent the Western once again experiencing difficulties (and pushed interest rates upwards rather than the opposite, somewhat counter-intuitively). This time, a short term loan of £300,000 was obtained from the Bank of England which enabled the Western to weather the storm. There was, with the hindsight that the bank’s ultimate collapse revealed, clearly excessive over-trading though this does not seem to have been evident to the general public, and if banking insiders knew more, they failed to act on their knowledge (or suspicions). The bank’s directors were, however, clearly not learning from experience! Examination of the bank’s books after its collapse showed it had ramped up its bill discounting activities and funded this in part by rediscounting the bills in London. A significant amount of its funding was therefore coming from short term tradebased loans which constantly needed replenishing. It had also failed to write down protested (i.e. dishonoured) bills and the cumulative effect of this was to bring the bank to its knees some ten years later. Despite these liquidity difficulties it still managed to find time to open another 21 branches in 1847 and the following year acquired the Ayrshire Banking Company. This bank, founded in April 1830, brought with it some nine branches in southwest Scotland. Its Authorised Circulation under the 1845 Banking Act was £53,656 and this was added to the Western’s own total of £284,282. By 1850 the Western had 72 branches and by the time of its collapse it had 101, by far the largest network in Scotland at the time. Checkland3 rightly points out that there must have been considerable logistical problems in managing such a rapidly developed network of branches and thus there was much potential for lax controls and bad lending. These branches were not just deposit-gathering offices, they were in effect mini banks in themselves with often locally recruited managers with little formal training, whose job was to build up the bank’s business as rapidly as possible. Difficulties arose yet again in early 1857 and as before this was because the bank failed to build up adequate liquidity reserves. The money markets had been overheating and some bill brokers had over-extended themselves. Failures

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in America spread to London and interest rates started to rise as money supply tightened. By early November they had risen from a low of 3¾ per cent in mid-1856 to nearly 9 per cent. But for the Western Bank, it was obvious that no lessons had been learned from their earlier brushes with fate. Not only was more and more bill discounting and rediscounting being undertaken but more was being transacted with American commodity producers in markets prone to substantial fluctuations. Moreover, some of this business was being done with a few major shareholders of the bank, thus creating dangerous risk concentrations. The failure in October of four major trading firms owing the bank £1,200,000 was the final straw. The Bank of England this time declined to offer financial support. A wider panic caused the City of Glasgow Bank (whose later collapse in 1878 was even more catastrophic) to close its doors for 33 days, but a renewed suspension of restrictions on the Bank of England calmed down the money markets and in the end only the Western closed its doors for ever. This took place on November 9, 1857. At the time it had paid up capital of £1,500,000, deposits of £5,300,000 (after a fall of £1,200,000 in a month as depositors became increasingly nervous) and its £50 shares stood at £84: down on previous months given the fact that rumours had started to circulate, but still at a considerable premium to par. Despite all the rumours the market still did not suspect how amiss things had become. “This insane bank” (Kerr again) had run up total liabilities of £8,911,932 and its note circulation was the second largest in Scotland with £720,000 outstanding at the point of collapse, well in excess of its Authorised Circulation of £337,938. At first other banks hesitated to accept its notes, but this only served to increase public panic and they reversed their decision in the wider interests of maintaining public confidence in the banking system. The Western Bank had 1,280 shareholders at the time of its collapse and of course unlimited liability still prevailed. In addition to losing the £1,500,000 of paid-in capital they also had to cover net losses of another £1,100,000 (after the initial balance struck by the bank’s liquidators suggested there was actually a surplus of £216,000). Their losses were quite widely shared and at least they managed to avoid the mass bankruptcies suffered by the 1,819 City of Glasgow Bank shareholders. But the collapse still came as a shock to the general public and briefly affected confidence in the system. Checkland records the animosity shown towards the Edinburgh banks for allegedly failing to support their Glasgow rival in its hour of need (though they did in fact provide emergency loans secured on the directors’ personal guarantees). A further criticism, more justified in Checkland’s view, is that their over-cautious

Perhaps the best design of the lot: William IV is ﬂanked by Glasgow’s Royal Exchange and Cathedral while the two accompanying vignettes depict Industry, with her cornucopia, and Britannia with lion and shield. www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

Banknote feature attitude and conservatism deprived industry in Scotland of the capital it needed to ďŹ nance its continued growth. An interesting footnote to the problems the bankâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s failure threw up was a petition to the government by leading Scottish banks requesting that Bank of England notes be made legal tender in Scotland as a conďŹ dence-building measure. The move was rejected and it soon became clear that such a step would have been unnecessary. Of the questions posed at the outset of this article we have seen how the bankâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s imprudent lending, risk concentrations and headlong race for growth undermined its stability, and, Checkland, suggests, its reputation. Banks with lesser reputations have less choice of customer and so attracted those themselves more prone to excessive risk-taking. We have also seen how the lack of disclosure in the form of audited accounts and detailed annual reports, which we have long taken for granted, made it easier to conceal losses, but the ďŹ nal question of why no lessons were learnt is harder to answer. Requiring published accounts would at least have made the falsiďŹ cation efforts of the City of Glasgowâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s directors more difďŹ cult, though much more recent history tells us that markets can move so quickly, and conďŹ dence can evaporate so quickly too, that historic accounts are little guide to a bankâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s true state of health. There was little formal regulation of the banking system at that time and this was surely a contributory factor (though much more recent â&#x20AC;&#x153;light touchâ&#x20AC;? regulation also failed conspicuously to control the excesses of certain banks). Perhaps, quite simply, the collapse had not been catastrophic enough to move the government into changing the law. It was for the City of Glasgow Bank to do that. Winding up the Western Bank took 13 years. In 1870 its outstanding liabilities were assumed by the National Bank of Scotland for a consideration of ÂŁ8,448.

WORLD BANKNOTES Dealers write for wholesale list Worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s largest stock â&#x2DC;&#x2026; â&#x2DC;&#x2026; â&#x2DC;&#x2026; EDUCATIONAL COIN COMPANY Box 892 HIGHLAND, NEW YORK 12528, USA Tel: 845-691-6100

Fax: 845-691-4974

BUYINGâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;ANY QUANTITY

The National Bank also agreed to retire any outstanding notes and as a consequence these are now rare in issued form (much more so than City of Glasgow notes). Only the ÂŁ1 has been recorded in issued form but fortunately for collectors a number of very ornate and attractive proofs of the other denominations have survived. The ÂŁ1 notes were engraved by Joseph Swan, possibly the greatest artistic rival to W. H. Lizars, while the ÂŁ5, ÂŁ10, ÂŁ20 and ÂŁ100 notes were prepared by Lizars himself. There are only two varieties of each note: in 1848 the original designs were amended when the names of the four acquired banks were added in each noteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s borders. On the higher denominations the coats of arms of the ďŹ ve towns and cities concerned were also added. The ÂŁ1 and ÂŁ5 notes feature a vignette of Glasgowâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Royal Exchange building while the ÂŁ20 and ÂŁ100 notes have a vignette of William IV in central position. The ÂŁ10 note settles for a vignette of three allegorical females representing Industry, Commerce and the Arts.

Sources: 1. KERR, A. W., History of Banking in Scotland (4th Edition, 1926). 2. BOASE, C. W., A Century of Banking in Dundee (2nd Edition, 1867). 3. CHECKLAND, S. G., Scottish Banking A History, 1695-1973 (Glasgow & London, 1975). 4. DOUGLAS J., Scottish Banknotes (London, 1975).

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Coins, Medals, Banknotes %RXJKW 6ROG ([FKDQJHG

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www.clivedennettcoins.co.uk 66 St Benedictâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s St., Norwich, NR2 4AR Tel: 01603 624315 Shop closed on Thursdays

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February 2013

Papermoney DR KERRY RODGERS

HELL MONEY

For Beginners

T some stage nearly every note collector stumbles over so-called Hell Money. It might be at a club night, or at a dealer’s table during a bourse or, perhaps, in this month’s edition of Coin News. In many ways it is a somewhat misunderstood subject and that misunderstanding probably started when Christian missionaries arrived to carry the Gospel in China. Few of us who have grown-up in western cultures will have other than the most rudimentary idea of Hell as understood by the Chinese. For starters, it is not the preserve of the damned: The world is a cube measuring 233,575 paces across. The centre of the cube is occupied by the Kingdom of Hell, and that is the judging place for all mortals, saint and sinner alike. That is why people on the wrong sides of the cube don’t fall off: We are all drawn toward our ultimate destination no matter where one stands, Hell is always ‘down’ and Heaven is always ‘up’ and that’s all there is to it. The kingdom is enormous. There are one hundred thirty ﬁve lesser Hells and ten principal ones: one for judgment by the God of Walls and Ditches, one for the Great Wheel of Transmigrations, and eight for punishment of sinners. The lesser Hells contain people waiting to be judged, other people awaiting transportation to the Land of Extreme Felicity in the West, where they will all sit at the feet of Buddha, extremely blessed people who await transportation to K’unlun Mountain, where they will sit at the feet of the August Personage of Jade, and so many others that I will not list them. Barry Hughart The Story of the Stone, 1988 In effect, “Hell” is something of a Christian-inspired mistranslation of the Chinese character Diyu. A better rendition would be “Court of the Dead”. Of course it is not that straightforward. The Taoist and Buddhist philosophies that have dominated Chinese thought have different perceptions of the afterlife. Traditional Chinese folk beliefs vary again. But all have one thing in common: the importance of honouring and caring for the dead, inaccurately termed ancestor worship. Forbearance The veneration of ancestors in China is a vast and complicated topic. It is not a religious teaching but an integral part of Chinese culture.

Judging time by Yanluo, First Yama King. Image Wikimedia Commons.

The August Personage of Jade, supreme ruler of Heaven and Hell. Image Wikimedia Commons.

February 2013

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Papermoney

Classic Hell note for $10,000, 65 x 150 mm. Front: vignette of Jade Emperor, his signature and that of Yanlou, seal of the Bank of Hell and serial number. Back: Bank’s Head Ofﬁce.

Swept-up version of a $10,000 Hell note, 65 x160 mm.

Basic joss note and even more basic joss note with foil and red seal, 155 x 140 mm.

The quality of printing of Hell notes is variable. The examples here show the Jade Emperor, the eight immortals and various auspicious offerings. 105 x 185 mm. Above: 100,000,000; below: 10,000,000,000. Above images courtesy © Ω Collection 2011.

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It is primarily directed at honouring the lives and memory of your predecessors. It is part and parcel of filial piety that requires you to respect and revere those who gave you life. This reverence needs to continue after death, just as when these people were alive. Importantly, the dead can assist the living. For example, as disease no longer holds power over them, the dead can be invoked to drive disease away from the living. They are akin to guardian angels, although something more like to a mutual aid society is at play. The dead assist the living and the living honour and support the dead particularly while resident in Diyu. For these reasons offerings are regularly made to the dead and, above all, at the three festivals that honour them: Ching Ming (105 days after the winter solstice; April 4 this year) —Sweeping the Graves Day: family graves are visited, given a spring cleaning and offerings left. Yue La(a)n: Festival of the Hungry Ghosts (15th day of the 7th lunar month; starts August 31 this year and lasts for a month): Diyu opens, offerings burnt to appease the departed. Chung Yeung (Double Yang) or Chung Gau (Double Nine), 9th day of the 9th lunar month (October 23 this year)—second grave sweeping festival: a time the family heads for the hills to escape misfortunes—such as earthquakes and plague. The offerings may be real items of this world such as food, drink, clothing or personal toiletries. But often paper versions of such items are burned, along with incense. This, of course, is where Hell or Ghost Money comes in. It, or rather its spirit, is given to your ancestors to so they can obtain all they need in the afterlife such as in offering tribute to the Yama kings to shorten their stay. Often these items are referred to a joss—as in joss sticks— with the paper money being joss money. Joss is another word that has crept into English through contact with China but this time via the Portuguese. It is a corruption of their word “deus” for god. In effect the burnt offerings are delivered to the realm of the gods. It is not just money that is burned. Paper replicas of all manner of objects are set ablaze: shark fin soup, dim sum, chicken burgers, chocolates, jewellery, digital cameras, mahjong sets, money belt, handbag, cigarettes, fridges, washing machines, rare proof sets, computers, credit cards, toys, cars and a domestic helper or two. You can pay several hundred dollars for a paper “Dream Car Beauty” or “Luxury Villa”. I am particularly smitten by the paper/card gold and silver bullion. Notes of the hereafter Singling out Hell notes from all other types of joss offerings is a European fixation. In China the notes have no particular status above that of paper wonton soup or a cardboard maid. Nonetheless for any numismatist looking for an inexpensive sideline they make an absorbing collecting area. If nothing else, their designs are far more interesting than Monopoly money. That being said, it is highly offensive to give a Hell note to living Chinese. They don’t even like talking about it. Traditionally joss money was made from coarse bamboo paper. More recently finer rice paper has been employed. The paper is cut into rectangles and decorated with seals, stamps, engraved designs, what-have-you. Typically it is printed in large denominations, commonly ranging from $/¥10,000 to many billions. The precise currency is often unspecified. Conventionally, the principal vignette is that of the current supreme ruler of heaven, the August Personage of Jade aka the Jade Emperor, along with his signature, given as Yu Wong, or Yuk Wong, and that of the Yan Wang aka Yanluo, given as Yen Loon, the first of the Yama kings who rule Diyu and pass judgment on all the dead. The front also bears the seal (chop) of the Bank of Hell while an image of the Bank’s headquarters is often shown on the www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

Papermoney

Money to burn Folding the paper is an important part of the burning ceremony. It distinguishes joss paper from actual money. Pragmatically, burning real money is considered foolish, if not bringing bad luck. For burning, notes are often stacked simply in a loose bundle or prepared in a manner deemed respectful to ensure the offering is well received. They may be folded in some formal way or, commonly, just in half, before being placed in the flames. Occasionally the notes are assembled as an elaborate pagoda or in a lotus form or as in imitation of a gold or silver sycee. The burning can take place directly on the ground, or in an earthenware pot. Many temples maintain furnaces for joss offerings. Environmental concerns now require these burners have covers to minimise ash loss but also to ensure sufficient oxygen is supplied for the offerings to be totally burned. Not all joss money is burned. Some joss money is simply scattered to the wind or placed in the deceased’s coffin. And it can be placed on the gravesite at any time. The entire tradition of burning joss goods is most prevalent among Cantonese populations. In Taoist rituals the custom is acceptable. However among Buddhists the practice tends to be discouraged as the deceased would have no use for material possessions upon entering any realm after death, let alone the Pure Lands. The entire procedure is raising environmental concerns. Increasingly frequent critical comments emanate from China’s Ministry of Civil Affairs—among others—about the general pollution joss burning causes and how it runs counter to the drive for a low carbon economy. Refraining from burning joss goods is being promoted as helping conserve paper while saving time, money and the environment. The again, each year joss fires are regularly blamed for contributing to forest fires. Coin News readers may wish to note that the only way most of us will get out of Diyu is via the Great Wheel of Transmigrations (Reincarnation) situated in the last of the major Hells. Before we leave, Mother Meng will administer Mi-hun-t’ang, the Five Flavoured Tea of Forgetfulness. This ensures instant amnesia. Never again will we remember, let alone experience, any of the joys of notaphilia!

Typical Singapore-sourced Hell Bank Corporation issues, both 85 x 175 mm. Left: $1,000,000; right: $10,000,000.

Superb, 175 x 350 mm, 50,000,000,000 Hell issue. Jade Emperor at right is observing two ﬁre-breathing ch’ilin vomiting golden sycee alone with their ﬂames. Principal buildings of the realm of the Yama kings and Bank of Hell decorate the back.

Gold joss ingots, .9999 ﬁne, each 22 x 95 mm.

Burning joss note offerings at ancestors’ graves. Image Vmenkov, Wikimedia Commons.

February 2013

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Imaages courtesy © Ω Collection 2011.

note’s back, depicted as a traditional tile-roofed building, along with the words “Hell Bank Note” in Chinese and English. Some backs may show a well-known earthbased building and/or guardians such as fu dogs. Some printed notes dispense with the word “hell” and opt for “heaven” or “paradise”. The stated issuing authority can be many and varied. Other notes portray famous ﬁgures from Chinese history such as the Eight Immortals, Buddha, or dragons. But imagery varies from Chinese community to Chinese community. Along with the August Personage of Jade, Singapore-printed notes commonly show a fenghuang (phoenix), a boy holding a carp—symbolizing money, an auspicious ch’ilin (ﬁre-breathing horse-tiger), and lotus or orchids. Among US-based Chinese, non-traditional prominent deceased people are often substituted for the Jade Emperor. These have included John F. Kennedy, Albert Einstein and Marilyn Monroe. Some of these printings ape United States Federal Reserve notes, perhaps aimed at the collector market. Some notes are very simple in design and crude in their printing. Others are large and elaborately coloured and decorated. Some contain metal foil and may be stamped with ink seals. Local custom is important with different regions— and communities—using different types. And, in case you need to know, in some communities joss money is a most tactful gift for your bride’s/groom’s ancestors, demonstrating that you now honour them.

Banknote prices

Price guide to: Republic of Ireland Currency Commission (Consolidated banknotes) 1929–41 7th Edition available now

The Price Guide is intended as a supplement to the highly acclaimed BANKNOTE YEARBOOK and we hope the prices quoted will provide a true reﬂection of the market. The grading used in this price guide is strictly as the recognised English system. In the listing “—” indicates either: not usually found in this grade; or not collected in this condition. VF

Designs for the notes issued by the eight Banks under the auspices of the Currency Commission are virtually identical except for the values, titles and signatures. Notes representative of the design, are illustrated below. (In keeping with the current regulations for the reproduction of banknote illustrations, the serial numbers have been obscured.)

TEN POUNDS

THE BANK OF IRELAND ONE POUND E001 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and J. A. Gargan 1929–38. Preﬁx 01BA–89BA...............................£350 E002 Signatures:: Joseph Brennan and H. J. Johnston 1939–40. Preﬁx 89BA–09BB ...............................£350

£800 £800

FIVE POUNDS

E020 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and J. L. Gubbins 1929–31. Preﬁx 01MT .......................................£2800 E021 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and A. E. Hosford 1938–39. Preﬁx 01MT .......................................£3200

£3800 £4200

NATIONAL BANK LTD

E003 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and J. A. Gargan 1929–31. Preﬁx 01BK–02BK .............................£1000 E004 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and H. J. Johnston 1939. 02BK–03BK ..............................................£1000 TEN POUNDS E005 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and J. A. Gargan 1929. Preﬁx 01BT ...............................................£3500

£1800 £1800

£5000

HIBERNIAN BANK LTD

ONE POUND E009 ...Signatures: Joseph Brennan and H. J. Campbell 1929–39. Prefix 01HA–22HA .............................£550 E010 Joseph Brennan and A. K. Hodges 1939–40. Prefix 23HA–25HA .............................£700 FIVE POUNDS E011 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and H. J. Campbell 1929–May 1939. Prefix 01HK–03HK ..............£1500 TEN POUNDS E013 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and H. J. Campbell 1929–31. Prefix 01HT ........................................£3600

£950 £1450

£2500

£5000

MUNSTER & LEINSTER BANK LTD

FIVE POUNDS E018 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and J. L. Gubbins 1929–33. Preﬁx 01MK–03MK ..........................£1000 E019 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and A. E. Hosford 1938–39. Preﬁx 03MK–04MK ..........................£1300

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£800

FIVE POUNDS E026 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and H. A. Russell 1929–1939. Preﬁx 01NK–04NK .........................£800

£1700

TEN POUNDS E027 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and J. L. Gubbins 1929–39. Preﬁx 01NT ........................................£2400

£4200

NORTHERN BANK LTD ONE POUND E028 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and S. W. Knox 1929. Prefix 01OA–02OA .................................£3500 E029 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and H. H. Stewart 1931–33. Prefix 03EA–04EA.............................£3000 FIVE POUNDS E031 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and S. W. Knox 1929. Prefix 01OK ..............................................£5000 E032 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and H. H. Stewart 1931–33. Prefix 01EK ........................................£4000 TEN POUNDS E034 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and S. Wa. Knox 1929. Prefix 01OT ............................................... Rare

£800 £850

£1700 £1900

£4500 £4000

£6500 £5000

Rare

PROVINCIAL BANK OF IRELAND LTD ONE POUND E036 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and Hume Robertson 1929. Prefix 01PA–06PA......................................£450 E037 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and F. S. Forde 1931–36. Prefix 07PA–13PA................................£400 E038 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and G. A. Kennedy 1937–40. Prefix 13PA–23PA................................£400

ONE POUND

E016 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and J. L. Gubbins 1929–35. Preﬁx 01MA–25MA ............................£400 E017 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and A. E. Hosford 1936–40. Preﬁx 26MA–50MA ............................£450

ONE POUND E025 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and H. A. Russell 1929–39. Preﬁx 01NA–44NA .............................£420

FIVE POUNDS E039 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and Hume Robertson 1929. Prefix 01PK ..............................................£1500 E040 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and F. S. Forde 1931. Prefix 01PK–02PK .....................................£900 E041 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and G. A. Kennedy 1939. Prefix 02PK ..............................................£1500 TEN POUNDS E042 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and Hume Robertson 1929. Prefix 01PT ...............................................£3000 E043 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and F. S. Forde 1931. Prefix 01PT ...............................................£2500 E044 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and G. A. Kennedy 1939. Prefix 01PT ................................................ Rare www.tokenpublishing.com

£950 £850 £800

£2500 £2000 £2500

£5500 £4000 Rare

December 2010

Banknote prices EF

UNC

ONE POUND E046 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and G. A. Stanley 1929. Prefix 01RA–08RA ....................................£700 E047 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and D. R. Mack 1931–39. Prefix 09RA–26RA ..............................£600 E048 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and J. Wilson 1939. Prefix 26RA–28RA ....................................£600 FIVE POUNDS E049 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and G. A. Stanley 1929. Prefix 01RK ..............................................£3000 E050 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and D. R. Mack 1931. Prefix 01RK ..............................................£3000 TEN POUNDS E052 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and G. A. Stanley 1929. Prefix 01RT ...............................................£5000

UNC

ONE POUND E056 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and C. W. Patton 1929–39. Preﬁx 01UA–08UA .............................£800 E057 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and C. W. Lester 1939–40. Preﬁx 08UA–12UA .............................£800

£1700

FIVE POUNDS E058 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and C. W. Patton 1929–33. Preﬁx 01UK ........................................£2000 E059 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and C. W. Lester 1938–39. Preﬁx 01UK–02UK ............................£2000

£3500

ULSTER BANK LTD

ROYAL BANK OF IRELAND LTD

£1400 £1100 £1400

£4000 £4000

£9000

TEN POUNDS E060 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and C. W. Patton 1929–39. Preﬁx 01UT ........................................£5000 E061 Signatures: Joseph Brennan and C. W. Lester

1938–39. Preﬁx 01UT ..............................£5000

£1700

£3800

£7000

Coming next month:

Price guide to Republic of Ireland Series A “Lady Lavery” notes (1928–77) IBN S and Lho tka Me mo ria l Pri

ze Win nin g Pub lica tio n

The Standard Catalogue of the Provincial Banknotes of ENGLAND & WALES now on CD rom! Due to popular demand, we are pleased to offer the double-award winning title The Standard Catalogue of the Provincial Banknotes of England & Wales as a searchable CD rom. As with the original book, the CD is the price guide to banknotes issued by the banks of England and Wales since the first issue of notes began. This amazing catalogue, compiled by recognised provincial banknote expert Roger Outing comes complete with hundreds of full colour illustrations of the notes themselves.

This new CD is priced at just £24.95 (+£2.00 p&p)

Order your copy today! Call 01404 46972, log on to www.tokenpublishing.com or write to:Token Publishing Ltd, Orchard House, Duchy Road, Heathpark, Honiton, Devon EX14 1YD. February 2013

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LATEST ISSUES By our banknote correspondent, TREVOR WILKIN

ARGENTINA

Occasionally banknote designs complete a full circle. Such is the case of the predominantly pink 100 Pesos of the Banco Central de la Republica Argentina (BCRA) released on September 20, 2012 to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the death of Maria Eva “Evita” Duarte de Peron. Well. Almost the case. Eva (1919 to 1952) died an untimely death and a 5 Pesos banknote was planned in her honour but its issue was cancelled in 1955 when President Juan Peron was overthrown in a coup d’état. The 2012 issue is very much based upon those 1955 designs. This commemorative was unveiled by Argentina’s first female president, Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner, on July 26, 2012 being the precise anniversary of Evita’s death. It is the first time a woman appears on Argentina’s banknotes. Eva’s portrait is to the right accompanied by floral designs. Her husband General Juan Domingo Peron (1895 to 1974) served three terms as President of Argentina from 1946 to 1955 (re-elected in 1952) and 1973 to 1974 although he served only one full term. The Perons divided society. Their support base was the “descamisados” or the “shirtless ones”, struggling workers whose interests they championed by changing labour laws and introducing reforms giving them greater economic benefits and social justice. As well as First Lady of Argentina, she also headed the Ministries of Labour and of Health, supported women’s suffrage and established the Eva Peron Foundation. The government funded Foundation made huge steps in improving the economic well being and health of the impoverished. Eva Peron was awarded the title “Spiritual Leader of the Nation” shortly before her death at the age of 33. Dominating the back is what can be described as an allegory of mother and child however there is a little more to it than that. This image is taken from a panel from the “ Ara Pacis Augustae”, an altar to peace commissioned by the Roman Senate in 13 BC honouring a successful military campaign by Emperor Augustus in France and Spain which brought peace to the Empire. Accompanying the illustration on the note is the text in Spanish in a direct reference to Eva Peron which translates as “popular leader who fought for the rights of workers, humble and unprotected, performing an intense task of social justice. She supported the participation of woman in political life, fervently promoting the female right to vote which was finally enshrined in law in 1947 and practiced for the first time in 1951”. Eva’s portrait appears as the watermark and is accompanied by an electrotype of what appears to be her signature. Scales of justice form a perfect registration. There is a broad metallic silver security thread containing multiple repetitions of “Eva”, “BCRA” and “$100”.

CANADA

On November 6, 2012 the third note in BoC’s new polymer series, a green $20 was released retaining a portrait of Her Majesty. It is pretty much a contemporary portrait with the stark reality of ageing apparent. On the back is the Canadian Vimy War Memorial at the site of a fierce World War I battle near Arras in northern France in which all four Canadian Divisions on the Western Front participated for the first time. It was officially opened on July 26, 1936 by King Edward VIII and following a major restoration its function was reconfirmed by Queen Elizabeth II on April 9, 2007, the 90th anniversary of the Battle of Vimy Ridge. Situated on some 120 hectares on the highest point of the Ridge on land granted as Canadian territory by the French Government for this express purpose, the Memorial is dedicated to Canada’s 60,000 dead in World War I. There are two limestone towers each 120 feet high one representing Canada and the other representing France. Some 20 sculptured human figures representing Modern Canada, Mourning Parents, Sacrifice, Peace, Justice, Faith, Hope and so forth occupy various positions around or atop the towers. The names of 11,285 Canadian soldiers with no known resting place are engraved upon the base of the Memorial. Two sets of red poppies complete the back design. Security wise it follows the pace set by the $100 and $50 before it. There is a major and very complex window towards the right which effectively splits the note in two. There are two major metallic patches within the window, one containing an image of Her Majesty and the other the flag bearing tower of the National Parliament in Ottawa. These two patches in colour shifting ink form an irregularly shaped holographic strip containing repetitive images of “20” and “Bank of Canada” or “Banque De Canada”. Several “20’s” within the window this window are embossed and intaglio printing is used elsewhere. At top left is a small maple leaf shaped window containing a frosted patch also in the shape of the national symbol. Eurion anti copying dots are to the right of the main window and small red and yellow fibres are scattered throughout which fluoresce under ultra violet light. It is dated 2012 and is signed by Deputy (Sous) Governor Tiff Macklem and Governor Mark Carney soon to assume the position of Governor of the Bank of England. It is printed by Canadian Banknote Co although perhaps not exclusively as the other long term printer of BoÇ’s notes, BA International announced that it was pulling out of banknote production by the end of 2012 but perhaps it participated in this issue.

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Please see Trevor Wilkin’s advert on page 72

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February 2013

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February 2013

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Coin news

Please Ring Paul on 07779 461929 09:00–19.00 Mon–Fri 09:00–12:00 Sat

www.BuyBullionCoins.com Please check our website for latest Sovereign prices Pictures of all my coins are available on request—just ask!

Cheques to: “Buy Bullion Coins” P. O. Box 136 Cwmbran NP44 9DA

Gold Proofs listed below are all in their original boxes with certificates 1981 Gold Proof £5 .............................................. £1450 1996 Queen Elizabeth 70th Birthday Proof £1450 2000 Millennium Proof £5 ................................ £1450

1989 Proof Half Sovereign—The price is rising fast 2004 Proof Half Sovereign....................................£185 on this coin—get yours now just ................ £395 1982 gold proof 5 ... £1475 (a lower mintage coin) 1999 Proof Half Sovereign....................................£210 1980 Proof Half Sovereign....................................£175

Two Pounds

Five Pounds

Edward VII 1902 Matte Proof £2 UNC ..............................................................£ 1250

Vict. 1887 £5 UNC ...................................................................................................£3350

A Selection Of Reasonably Priced Sovereigns & Half Sovereigns 1884s Vict. (G&D) VF+..............................................£305 1889s Vict. (G&D) VF+.............................................£295 1889 Vict. JH VF ........................................................£285 1894 Vict.VH VF ........................................................£285 1900 Vict VH VF..........................................................£285 1905 Ed.VII VF.............................................................£285

1911 George V VF+ ..................................................£285 1912 George V VF+ ............................................... £285 1913 George V VF+ .................................................£285 1914 George V VF+ ..................................................£285 1959 Elizabeth II Sovereign (EF) a date which seems to be getting more scarce .......................£295

2002 Golden Jubilee Sovereign-‘shield’ design ....... ........................................................................................ £305 2008 Elizabeth II (BU) ..............................................£285 2011 Elizabeth II (BU) ..............................................£285 2012 Last of the ‘one year design’—few remaining— just ......................................... £285!

Half Sovereigns 1820 George III VF+ .... £425 1893 Vict. VF .......................£145 1906 Ed. VII F ................... £145 1913 George V VF ........................................................................ £145 1883 Vict. YH VF ................ £145 1898 Victoria F ...................£145 1907 Ed.VII VF/F................ £145 1982 Elizabeth II EF ..................................................................... £142 1892 Vict. VF .......................£145 1900 Victoria VH (VF) .......£145 1909 Ed. VII F .....................£145 2002 Elizabeth II—‘Shield’ design—highly collectable £149 2012 Half Sovereigns (last of the ‘one year design’) still in mint wrap- just- £147

Third guinea

Half Guinea

1804-George-III-Third-Guinea VF+ a nice coin ..........................................just £285

George III 1777 gVF .....................................................................................................£495

*Bullion Victoria ‘shield’ Sovereigns (all ‘Fine’ condition)—perfect for eBayers etc. 10 coins x £305 ea. 20 coins x £295ea. * 2013 & Other date 1Oz Britannia’s (still in Mint wrap) ................................. £1155 Mexico 50 Pesos ..........................................................................................................£1380 I have 3 x US $20 St Gauden Double Eagles, all EF, £1175 each or buy all 3 for just £3495!

*Bullion Victoria ‘shield’ HALF Sovereigns (all ‘Fine’ condition)—ideal for eBay etc. 10 coins x £152 ea. 20 coins x £150 ea. *

Please ring first to confirm availability and prices as stock is moving fast! Please note—Insured P&P is FREE with All Orders!

Ring Paul on 07779 461929 or email paul@buybullioncoins.com

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February 2013

?- ):- )4?)A; 3--6 <7 8=:+0);- +071+- +716; -;8-+1)44A" *ZQ\Q[P =;) )][\ZITQIV We will purchase single items or complete collections and can travel anywhere to view at short notice. If you have coins, medallions or banknotes you wish to sell, please contact us at the address below. Knightsbridge Coins (S. Fenton) 43 Duke Street, St Jamesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s, London, SW1Y 6DD, UK Telephone: 020 7930 7597/8215/7888 Fax: 020 7930 8214 info@knightsbridgecoins.com

The only coin dealer with membership of all four Numismatic Organisations February 2013

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R I C H A R D W. J E F F E R Y The name in coins and banknotes for over 40 years

~OFFERS FOR SALE~

1817 1817 1820 1821 1821 1821 1821 1822 1825 1826 1826 1826 1826 1826 1827 1827 1827 1829 1829 1830 1830 1830 1832 1836 1837 1838 1839 1842 1843 1843 1844 1844 1845 1845 1846 1846 1847 1847 1848 1848 1849 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1853 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1860 1861 1862 1862 1863 1864 1864 1865 1865 1865 1866 1868 1869 1869 1870 1871 1871 1871 1871

SOVEREIGNS GEORGE 111 GVF Â£975 GEORGE 111 NEF Â£1,575 GEORGE 111 GVF Â£975 GEORGE IV AEF Â£1,050 GEORGE 1V RGVF Â£975 GEORGE 1V GEF Â£1,275 GEORGE 1V AUNC Â£1,575 GEORGE IV GVF Â£925 GEORGE 1V GVF/AEF Â£775 GEORGE 1V NVF Â£525 GEORGE 1V EF/GEF Â£1,175 GEORGE 1V VF Â£675 GEORGE 1V UNC Â£1,675 GEORGE 1V AUNC Â£1,575 GEORGE 1V GVF Â£825 GEORGE 1V AVF Â£575 GEORGE 1V GEF Â£1,475 GEORGE 1V GVF Â£845 GEORGE 1V VF Â£695 GEORGE 1V GEF Â£1,475 GEORGE 1V RGVF Â£825 GEORGE 1V AEF/EF Â£975 WILLIAM 1V AEF/EF Â£1,375 WILLIAM 1V GVF/AEF Â£1,275 WILLIAM 1V GVF Â£1,075 SHIELD VF/GVF Â£1,275 SHIELD RGVF/AEF Â£2,750 SHIELD RGVF/EF Â£475 SHIELD VF Â£375 SHIELD AEF/GEF Â£575 SMALL 44 EF/GEF Â£975 SHIELD VF Â£375 SHIELD VF Â£375 SHIELD AEF/EF Â£675 SHIELD GVF Â£450 SHIELD GEF/UNC Â£875 SH SUPERB AUNC Â£975 SHIELD GVF Â£460 SHIELD RGVF/EF Â£495 SHIELD GEF Â£675 SHIELD EF/GEF Â£675 SHIELD GVF Â£450 SHIELD RGVF/AEF Â£495 SHIELD GEF Â£585 SUPERB AUNC Â£775 SUPERB AUNC Â£775 5 OVER 3 V-RARE AEF Â£575 SHIELD GEF Â£575 SH SUPERB UNC Â£1,275 SHIELD AUNC Â£575 SHIELD AEF Â£495 SHIELD GEF Â£585 SHIELD AUNC Â£695 LARGE O GEF Â£685 SHIELD AUNC Â£575 SHIELD GEF/UNC Â£525 SUPERB UNC Â£975 SHIELD AUNC Â£575 SHIELD AUNC Â£575 SHIELD GEF Â£475 SH SUPERB UNC Â£975 SHIELD EF/UNC Â£475 SHIELD AUNC Â£675 SHIELD AUNC Â£675 SH SUPERB AUNC Â£875 SHIELD AUNC Â£675 SUPERB UNC Â£875 SH SUPERB UNC Â£875 SYD SHIELD AUNC Â£625 LON SHIELD UNC Â£525 LON ST G UNC Â£495 LON SH SUPERB UNC Â£875

1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1873 1873 1873 1874 1874 1874 1874 1875 1875 1875 1876 1876 1876 1876 1877 1877 1877 1878 1878 1878 1879 1879 1880 1880 1880 1881 1881 1881 1882 1882 1883 1883 1884 1884 1884 1884 1885 1885 1885 1885 1885 1885 1886 1886 1886 1887 1887 1887 1887 1888 1888 1888 1889 1889 1889 1890 1890 1890 1891 1891 1891 1891 1892 1892 1893 1893 1893 1894

SYD SHIELD LON SHIELD SYD ST G SYD SHIELD LON ST G SYD ST G LON ST G SYD SHIELD MEL SH RARE MEL STG SYD ST G LON ST GEO SYDNEY SH MEL ST G MEL ST G MEL ST G MEL ST G SYD ST G LON ST G SUP SYDNEY SH YH MEL ST G SYDNEY SH SYD SH SYD SH LON ST G MEL ST G SYD SH LON ST G MEL ST G SYD ST G SY SHIELD SY SHIELD MEL ST G YH MEL ST G SYD SHIELD M ST G 3857 C SY SH CHOICE SYD ST G MEL SHIELD SYDNEY SH M ST G MEL ST G SYD ST G LON ST G SYDNEY SH LON ST G M ST G MEL ST G SYD SHIELD SYD ST G JH MEL LON JH SYD YH MEL ST G LONDON MEL SYDNEY SYDNEY LONDON MELBOURNE LONDON MELBOURNE SYD JH LON JH MELBOURNE LON JH SYD JH MELBOURNE LON JH SYD JH LON OH MEL OLD HD SYDNEY

AUNC UNC UNC AUNC UNC UNC AUNC AUNC AEF/EF AUNC UNC AUNC AUNC UNC AUNC AUNC UNC AUNC UNC AUNC UNC UNC AUNC UNC AUNC UNC UNC AUNC UNC UNC AUNC UNC UNC UNC AUNC UNC AUNC UNC AUNC UNC AUNC UNC UNC UNC UNC AUNC AUNC AUNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC AUNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC UNC

Â£675 Â£575 Â£775 Â£675 Â£450 Â£975 Â£445 Â£775 Â£575 Â£525 Â£875 Â£475 Â£685 Â£675 Â£475 Â£475 Â£675 Â£475 Â£495 Â£565 Â£545 Â£595 Â£575 Â£725 Â£395 Â£575 Â£695 Â£385 Â£675 Â£575 Â£875 Â£975 Â£575 Â£575 Â£725 Â£575 Â£725 Â£475 Â£495 Â£745 Â£425 Â£495 Â£495 Â£425 Â£745 Â£375 Â£385 Â£385 Â£725 Â£485 Â£375 Â£375 Â£585 Â£585 Â£395 Â£385 Â£425 Â£425 Â£375 Â£375 Â£375 Â£375 Â£425 Â£375 Â£375 Â£325 Â£425 Â£375 Â£375 Â£445 Â£425 Â£425 Â£405

BANKNOTE SPECIAL OFFERâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;FREE LIST AVAILABLE Royal Bank of Scotland Â£100 1998 Pre Z1......................... UNC ..........................Â£365 Northern Bank of Ireland Â£50 1990 Pre D ......................... UNC ..........................Â£135 Jersey Ten Shillings Pangham............................................. UNC ............................Â£25 British Â£20 Kentfield Rep LL .............................................. UNC ..........................Â£125 British Â£10 Kentfield Rep LL .............................................. UNC ..........................Â£145 British Â£5 Lowther Rep LL ................................................. UNC ............................Â£15

â&#x20AC;¢ Above prices subject to gold prices change â&#x20AC;¢

TREBEHOR, PORTHCURNO, PENZANCE, CORNWALL TR19 6LX â&#x20AC;¢ Tel: 01736 871263 â&#x20AC;¢ Coins sent on 7-day approval against payment. P&P Â£1 buyers risk. Reg Post Â£5 ~ Up-to-date computer quotes available for coins and banknotes ~

Please note that all stock is in the bank which may cause a slight delay in sending.

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February 2013

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Write in and tell us your views on numismatically-related topics Whilst we endeavour to reply as quickly as possible this can take some time. Here we publish a selection from the postbag. Please send your letters to: Token Publishing Ltd., Orchard House, Duchy Road, Heathpark, Honiton, Devon, EX14 1YD, or to info@tokenpublishing.com If a reply is required, please enclose an SAE.

“Bracelet” mystery

been cut to ﬁt a wristband that would allow the coin to be worn on the wrist as a name identity bracelet. Can any reader suggest how I could go about discovering who this soldier was? E. J. Williams

Inscription error

Dear Editor Enclosed are Photocopies of the obverse and reverse of a Turkish 20 Kurush silver coin (KM780) issued in the name of Muhammad V (AH1327–1336/AD1909–1918) which only has his accession of AH1327 on the reverse as the obverse details have been ground-off and replaced by the inscription “PTE SOMMERVILLE—PALESTINE 1917-18” and a view of the Pyramids within an ornate circle. In either edge a slot has

February 2013

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Dear Editor This may be of interest to other decimal collectors. I have just found a coin I have had in my collection since 2007. It is a proof £2 coin 2007 The Abolition of Slavery with the letters DG to the right side of the 1807 a normal proof coin but instead of the inscription on the edge reading “AM I NOT A MAN AND A BROTHER” it reads “THE 4TH OLYMPIAD LONDON”. I took this coin from a 2007 proof set I purchased. Interesting don’t you think?

Les Ken

Banking on proﬁt

Dear Editor I read Dr Kerry Rodgers’ article in the January 2013 issue on “Droit des Rois”, or “seigniorage” with interest. The same principle applies to banknote issuers. In the UK, from the three banks in Scotland

and four in Northern Ireland to the Bank of England itself, all these banks enjoy profits from their note issues (would they issue notes otherwise, the Bank of England apart?). In fact the Bank of England enjoys an additional profit by taking a turn on the sums the other banks are required to deposit with it in exchanged for the right to issue notes in the first place. The Scottish and Northern Irish banks used to take advantage of the regulations by depositing the required funds only on the day the weekly calculation took place so that they could make a better return by investing the money elsewhere. Technically, if one had gone bust while the money had not been on deposit (and two of them nearly did in 2008!) the noteholders would have lost the value of their notes, or at least been left only with an unsecured claim on the issuing bank. Since 2009 the rules have been tightened up and the money must stay permanently with the Bank: the Scottish and Irish banks still enjoy seigniorage but not as much. I wonder what changes there would be if the Scots vote for independence but decide to keep sterling? Jonathan Callaway

Coin news

COMPETITION!

Designs on a dealer

EXT year coin and medal dealer Giuseppe Miceli will celebrate 45 years of trading in the UK. Originally from Sicily Joe, as he is known to his friends and clients, arrived in England in September 1961 to start a new life. Joe has seen many changes in the industry over the years, none more so than the technological age but he keeps to the traditional way of trading and still produces his sales list on a typewriter and these are readily sent out to clients and fellow dealers. A much respected dealer, Joe has decided to mark this 45 year milestone with a commemorative medallion struck by the Bigbury Mint. Always keen to involve his customers, Joe has asked us to showcase the designs so that readers can decide which medallion should be struck. Simply select the reverse of your favourite design, complete the form below and send it to us. The design with the most votes will be struck in the summer and the first 10 names out of the “hat” will be sent a complimentary medallion.

CLOSING DATE FOR ENTRIES: APRIL 30, 2013 To preserve your COIN NEWS, photocopies of this page are acceptable.

I think the winning design should be ................. (please enter the letter of your chosen medallion) Please send your entries to: Competition Corner, Token Publishing Ltd, Orchard House, Duchy Road, Heathpark, Honiton, Devon EX14 1YD

Name ................................................................. Address ............................................................. ........................................................................... ........................................................................... Postcode............................................................ Tel/email ........................................................... We may from time to time send you mailings we think will be of interest to you. If you do not want to receive such mailings, please tick this box 

DAVID SEAMAN COINS P.O.BOX 449 WALTHAM CROSS HERTS, EN9 3WZ 01992 719723, Mob: 07989 939418 Email david.seaman4@ntlworld.com to receive my Sales List by email by return. The list generally includes milled gold and silver, some hammered and an extensive list of MAUNDY SETS, ODDS AND PARAPHERNALIA. Photographs of many listed items appear on my website www.davidseamancoins.co.uk

NEW STOCK ALWAYS REQUIRED

ABC Coins and Tokens We stock a large selection of Scottish coins, tokens and communion tokens and also offer a wide range of hammered and milled British and World coins, tokens and numismatic books. Alnwick British and Colonial Coins and Tokens P. O. Box 52, Alnwick, Northumberland NE66 1YE, United Kingdom Website: www.abccoinsandtokens.com E-mail: d-stuart@d-stuart.demon.co.uk Telephone David at: 01665 603851 February 2013

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February 2013

DEALERS’ LISTS AIREDALE COINS, Po Box 7, Bingley, West yorkshire BD16 1Xu. Modern coins. ANCIENT & GOTHIC, Po Box 5390, Bournemouth, BH7 6XR. List 275—coins and antiquities. A. H. BALDWIN & SONS LTD., 11, Adelphi terrace, London WC2N 6BJ. Fixed pice coin list. ARGHANS, unit 9, Callington Business Park, tinners Way, Moss Side, Callington, Cornwall PL17 7SH. List 8 of world notes. STEPHEN J. BETTS, 4, Victoria Street, Narborough, Leicester Le19 2DP. List t&M 26 world coins. BARRY BOSWELL & KATE BOUVIER, 24 townsend Lane, upper Boddington, Daventry, Northants NN11 6DR. List no. 382, World banknotes—AfghanistanGeorgia. List no. 380—British notes. JAMES & C. BRETT, 17 Dale Road, Lewes, Sussex BN7 1 LH uk. Green List 12. STEVE BURKINSHAW, 19 oak Lodge Road, High Green, Sheﬃeld S35 4QA. Hammered and milled . CAMBRIDGESHIRE COINS, 355 Newmarket Road, Cams. CB5 8JG. Coins & accessories. NIGEL CLARK, 28 ulundi Road, Blackheath, London Se3 7uG. 17th c. tokens. COINCRAFT, 45 Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3JL. “the Phoenix”. Newspaper-style list containing coins, banknotes, books, etc. COLIN COOKE, Po Box 602, Altrincham, WA14 5uN. Hammered/milled coinage. CNG COINS, 14 old Bond Street, London W1S 4PP. 11pp list of numismatic books. Coins. DAVID CRADDOCK, Po Box 3785 Camp Hill, Birmingham B11 2NF. British coins. email: davidcraddock373@btinternet.com. IAN DAVISON, Po Box 256, Durham DH1 2GW. 18pp list available—hammered and milled coins from 1066–1910. DAVISSONS, Po Box 323, Cold Spring, MN 56320, uSA. List of coins. DEI GRATIA, Po Box 3568, Buckingham, Bucks Mk18 4ZS. Coins and antiquities.

EACH month a bewildering selection of lists are offered by dealers featuring all aspects of the hobby. To help collectors decide which lists are of interest to them and to save valuable time and frustration on the part of the dealer, we give a brief review of the lists seen (and the inland price where applicable). When sending for lists a large S.A.E. is always appreciated. Dealers: we are happy to include lists received from advertisers, free of charge—a nominal charge of £5 per issue is requested from non-advertisers.

DEN OF ANTIQUITY, www. denofantiquity.co.uk. New list of ancient and medieval coins, antiquities. CLIVE DENNETT, 66 Benedicts Street, Norwich NR2 4AR. Shop open 9.30am to 4.30pm. Closed thurs & Sun. Banknotes. DORSET COIN CO. LTD, 193 Ashley Road, Parkstone, Dorset BH14 9DL. British coins, world banknotes and gold coins. DUBLIN COIN AUCTIONS, Po Box 2723, Cardiff Lane, Dublin 2. Summer fixed price list of banknotes, coins, medals, tokens. JEAN ELSEN, Avenue de tervueren, 65, Brussels, 1040 Belgium. List 262 (october– December)—ancient, medieval, modern. GK COINS LTD, 17 Hanover Square, London, W1S 1Hu. List No. 5. List contains British and world coins. B. GOULBORN, 4 Sussex Street, Rhyl, Denbighshire, LL18 1SG. english coins and notes. IAN GRADON, Po Box 359, Durham DH7 6WZ. Internet list—world paper money. ANTHONY HALSE, Po Box 1856, Newport, S. Wales NP18 2WA. Winter List—12pp of english, foreign coins and tokens. MUNTHANDEL.G.HENZEN, Postbus 42, NL-3958 Zt Amerongen. info@henzen.org. List 247: Dutch coins. List 248: Dutch coins post 1806. IRISH BANKNOTES, Po Box 99, kells, Co. Meath, Ireland. 16 page list containing Irish banknotes. www.irishpapermoney.com. R. INGRAM, 206 Honeysuckle Road, Bassett So16 3Bu. List 99: 32pp of hammered, milled and modern coins. Also some banknotes. List 99 of foreign coins. JEFFERY & SON, Haines Croft, Corsham Road, Whitley, Melksham, Wilts SN12 8QF. January list 264 of world and British coins. DMITRI KHARITONOV, Gen. Janouska 900, 19800 Praha 9, Czech Republic. email for details: kharitonov@volny.cz. Russian banknotes. K. B. COINS, 50 Lingfield Road, Martins Wood, Stevenage, Herts SG1 5SL. 105pp list of english coins.

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DEALERS... Please send a copy of your current list to: Token Publishing Ltd , Orchard House, Duchy Road, Honiton, Devon EX14 1YD (There is a £5 charge for non-advertisers)

Medal

CHRIS RUDD, Po Box 222, Aylsham NR11 6ty. November list 126: 20pp of Celtic coins. Liz’s List No. 62: Celtic coins— all under £200. SALTFORD COINS, Harcourt, Bath Road, Saltford BS31 3DQ. 6 lists p.a. of coins, tokens and medallions. Postal only. DAVID SEAMAN COINS, Po Box 449, Waltham Cross, Herts eN9 3WZ. email david.seaman4@ntlworld.com for November list of milled, hammered, Maundy etc. STUDIO COINS, 16 kilham Lane, Winchester, Hampshire S022 5Pt. Numismatic list no 84. THE LONDON COIN COMPANY LTD, Po Box 57635, London NW7 0DS. List of British & world coins. www. thelondoncoincompany.com. MICHAEL TRENERRY, Po Box 55, truro tR1 2yQ. Dec list of Ancient/hammered coins. JOHN WELSH, Po Box 150, Burton on trent, Staffs De13 7LB. 16pp list uk coins. D. S. WELTON, 13 Monmouth Road, Harlington, Dunstable, Beds Lu5 6Ne. List 26—8pp of British coins. PAM WEST, Po Box 257, Sutton, Surrey SM3 9WW. 20pp list Irish notes. JOHN WHITMORE, teynham Lodge, Chase Road, upper Colwall, Malvern, Worc. WR13 6DJ. 3 separate lists: Coins, Medallions, tokens—please specify. TIM WILKES, Po Box 566, tunbridge, kent, tN9 9LR.. Winter list No. 17, medieval/Islamic coins. WORLD TREASURE BOOKS, Po Box 5, Newport, IoW Po30 2JG. Please contact for list 24. D. YAPP, Po Box 4718, Shrewsbury Mail Centre Sy1 9eA. 11pp list of banknotes of the world.

Britannia

K & M COINS Po Box 3662, Wolverhampton WV10 6ZW, or 07971 950246. British and World coins and tokens. email for current list: mickbagguley@ hotmail.co.uk. KLEEFORD COINS, 22 Peak Avenue, Riddings, Alfreton, Derby De55 4AR. List available of world coins, email: kleeford@ btinternet.com. FRITZ RUDOLF KüNKER Münzenhandlung Gutenbergstrasse 23, 49076 osnabrück. World coins. LIGHTHOUSE (Duncannon Partnership), 4 Beaufort Road, Reigate, Surrey RH2 9DJ. 24pp catalogue of coin accessories. LINDNER, 3a Hayle Industrial Park, Hayle, tR27 5JR. 60pp of accessories. MANNIN COLLECTIONS LIMITED, 5 Castle Street, Peel, Isle of Man IM5 1AN. Colour list of Isle of Man banknotes. GIUSEPPE MICELI, 204 Bants Lane, Duston, Northampton. NN5 6AH. List of British and foreign coins. TIMOTHY MILLETT LTD. Po Box 20851, London Se22 0yN. www.historicmedals. com. Historical medals . PETER MORRIS, Po Box 223, Bromley BR1 4eQ. List No. 13 Banknotes; No. 9 Foreign coins, world coins, books; No. 12 tokens, No. 57 British coins; No. 40 medals. COLIN NARBETH & SON LTD, 20 Cecil Court, Leicester Square, London, WC2N 4He. 28pp world banknotes. NOTABILITY BANKNOTES, email: info@ notability-banknotes.com. List of world notes. GLENN S. OGDEN, Call for List of 19th/20th c. english coins. 01626 859 350, 07971 709427. ROGER OUTING, Po Box 123, Clayton West, Huddersfield HD8 9Wy. List 18— Cheques etc. MARK RASMUSSEN, Po Box 42, Betchworth RH3 7yR. List 22 contains a wide selection of english and World coins. RODERICK RICHARDSON, the old Granary Antique Centre, king’s Staithe Lane, king’s Lynne Pe30 1LZ. 18pp Hammered & milled.

Fair

Sunday March 17th

at the Carisbrooke Hall, The Victory Services Club, 63/79 Seymour Street, London W2 2HF 9.30am to 2.00pm For further details tel: 01404 46972 or visit www.tokenpublishing.com BRITANNIA MEDAL FAIR

BRITANNIA MEDAL FAIR

ATS Bullion Ltd

Dealers in Bullion & Modern Coins Suppliers of Gold Coins & Bars for Investment 2 Savoy Court, STRAND, London WC2R 0EZ Tel: 020 7240 4040

Fax: 020 7240 4042

e-mail: bullion@atslimited.fsnet.co.uk

Tel: 01430 879740 / 07905 467650 e-mail: sales@weightoncoin.co.uk We specialise in British & Colonial Gold & Silver coins & sets of the modern age. Sovereigns of different Monarchs, dates & Mint Marks also available.

Website: www.atsbullion.com

Always in stock are: • Gold Proof Coins & Sets • Silver Proof Coins & Sets • Gold & Silver Bullion Coins • Royal Mint Collectors Pieces • Gold Sovereigns

Open Mon – Fri 9.30 – 4.30pm

Visit our e-shop and order on line at

www.weightoncoin.co.uk

Website: www.atsbullion.com

18 High Street, Market Weighton, York, YO43 3AH We also buy single coins or whole collections.

February 2013

www.tokenpublishing.com

Coin news

AUCTIONS

FAIRS/EVENTS

Diary dates DATE

EVENT

VENUE

CONTACT

Every Saturday

Charing Cross Marketâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Coins, Stamps 1 Embankment Place, London, (opposite Embankment Tube Station) and Collectables

(

Feb 1

Collectors Fairs

Youth & Community Centre, 30 Shelfanger Road, Diss, IP22 4EH

( 01328 855003 : www.clickcollect.co.uk

Feb 1-3

World Money Fair 2013

Estrel Convention Center, Sonnenallee 225, 12057, Berlin

: www.estrel.com

Feb 2

London Coin Fair

Holiday Inn, London Bloomsbury, Corum Street, London

( 020 8989 8097 (Lu Veissid) : www.coinfairs.co.uk

Coin & Stamp Fair

City Hall, Cardiff

( 01792 415293 (Malcom Harrington-NJ Promotions)

Feb 3

Coin Fair

Social Club, Church Road, Bradmoor, Wolverhampton

(

Feb 6

Collectors Fair

Stowmarket Football Club, Bury Road, IP14 1JQ

( 01328 855003 : www.clickcollect.co.uk

Feb 9

Coins and Collectables Fair

Sackville School, Bourg-De-Peague Avenue, East Grinstead, RH19 3TY

(

01342326317 (John Terry)

October Coin Fair

Serpentine Hall, RDS, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4, Ireland

(

00353 868714880 (Mike Kelly)

Feb 10

Midland Coin Fair

National Motorcycle Museum, Bickenhill, Birmingham B92 0EJ

( 01694 731781 (Lu Veissid) : www.coinfairs.co.uk

Feb 13

Collectors Fair

Stanway Football Club, New Farm Road C03 0PG

( 01328 855003 : www.clickcollect.co.uk

Feb 16

Collectors Fair

America Hall, De La Rue Way, Pinhoe, Exeter

(

01761 414304 (Michael Hale)

Feb 23-24

Irish International Coin Fair

The Royal Dublin Society, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4 Serpentine Hall (Anglesea Road Entrance)

(

00 353 86 871 4880 (Mike Kelly)

01483 281771

07971 95024

Feb 24

Wakefield Coin & Medal Fair

Cedar Court Hotel, Denby Dale Road, Calder Grove, Wakefield

( 01522 684681 (Eddie Smith)

Feb 27

Collectors Fair

United Reform Church, Montpellier, Cheltenham

(

DATE

LOCATION

AUCTION

CONTACT

Feb 2

London

Spring Argentum Auction (Coins and Medals)

BALDWINS ( 020 7930 9808 : www.baldwin.co.uk

Feb 4

London

Auction 23, Coins

St Jamesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Auctions ( 020 7930 7597 / 7888 / 8215 : info@stjauctions.com : www.stjauctions.com

Feb 9

Dublin

Dublin Coin Auction

Mike kelly ( 00 353 86 871 4880

Feb 14

Carlisle

Gold, Slver and other British and Foreign Coins, Banknotes, Medallions also Numismatic collectables

TRM ( 01228 528939 : auctions@thomsonroddick.com

Feb 20

Warwick

British & Foreign Coins & Banknotes

Warwick & WaRwick ( 01926 499031 : www.warwickandwarwick.com

Feb 22

Postal/Online

Coins, Banknotes and Medals

KLEEFORD COINS ( 01773 528743 : www.kleefordcoins.webs.com

Feb 23

Norwich

Coins, Stamps, Medals, Postcards, Banknotes, Books & Collectors Items

JAMES & SON'S ( 01328 855003 : www.jamesandsonsauctioneers.com

Feb 27

Stockport & Online

Coins, Medals, Militaria, Stamps, Banknotes, Cigarette Cards & Postcards etc

A. F. Brock & Co Ltd ( 0161 456 5050 : www.afbrock.co.uk

March 5-6

London

Spanish Colonial Coins from the Huntington Collection

Morton & Eden ( 020 7493 5344 : www.mortonandden.com

March 21

London

Ancient Coins and Artefacts

DNW ( 020 7016 1700 : auctions@dnw.co.uk : www.dnw.co.uk

Carlisle

Gold, Silver & other British & Foreign Coins, Banknotes, Medallions & Numismatic Collectables

TRM ( 01228 528939 : auctions@thomsonroddick.com

March 22

Postal/Online

Coins, Banknotes and Medals

KLEEFORD COINS ( 01773 528743 : www.kleefordcoins.webs.com

March 23-24

Ipswich

Auction no 102â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Coins and Collectables

LOCKDALES ( 01473 218588

0117 962 3203 (Mark Grimsley)

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February 2013

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WAKEFIELD FAIR COINS, MEDALS, BANKNOTES AND MILITARIA Come and see us at our superb venue, Cedar Court Hotel Denby Dale Road Calder Grove, Wakefield WF4 3QZ At Junction 39 off the M1

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FRED

&XW RXW WKHVH GDWHV DQG SXW WKHP LQ \RXU GLDU\ TO BE HELD ON THE LAST SUNDAY OF EACH MONTH

February 24th March 31st Tables from Â£42â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Approximately 40 dealers Admission: Â£1 Adults Children under 14 free Free car parking (Park in the main car park at reception) 9.30-14.30

WE ARE NOW IN THE CEDAR SUITE ENQUIRIES: Eddie Smith 01522 684681 February 2013

www.tokenpublishing.com

Coin News

SOCIETIES

Diary dates DATE

VENUE

SUBJECT/EVENT

CONTACT

Feb 2

Fairkytes Art Centre, Billett Road, Hornchurch, RM11 1AX

AGM & Short talk by Stuart Adams

HAVERING NS ( 07910 124549

Feb 4

St Martin’s Church Hall, Erith Road, Barnehurst, Bexleyheath, DA7 6LE Club Auction The Albert Hotel, Victoria Lane, Huddersfield Abbey Baptist Church, Abbey Square, Reading, RG1 3BE Nursery Inn, 258 Green Lane, Heaton Norris, Stockport, SK4 2NA Please call for venue details The Edward Wright Room, Beaufort Community Centre, Beaufort Road, Southbourne, Bournemouth Please call for venue details

Feb 5 Feb 7

The Eagle & Child, Maltkiln Lane, Bispham Green, Ormskirk, Lancashire, L40 1SN

Feb 11

Please call for venue details

Feb 12

Highfields Fire Station, Hassocks Lane, Beeston, Nottingham, NG9 2GQ

Feb13

The RAF Assoc. Eric Nelson House, 16 Bewick Road, Gateshead, NE8 4DP The Friends Meeting House, Bull Street, Birmingham B4 6AF

Feb 14

Fry Social Club, Keynsham

Feb 18

The White Horse, Trowse, NR14 8ST The Friends Meeting House, St Helen’s Street, Derby, DE1 3GY

Feb 21

Beechwood Hall Hotel, Wykeham Road, Worthing, BN11 4JD

Feb 22

The Lecture Room, Chelmsford Museum, Chelmsford, CM2 9AQ Ely House, 8 Ely Place, Dublin

Feb 26

Belsize Community Centre, Celta Road, Woodston, PE2 9JD

BEXLEY COIN CLUB ( 020 8303 0510 My latest acquisition HUDDERSFIELD NS ( 01484 866814 Annual Club Auction for members only Reading Coin Club ( 01753 516390 : www.readingcoinclub.co.uk Planning Meeting 2013-2014 South Manchester NS ( 0161 432 2044 “The Royal Portraits of William Wyon” by Richard South Wales & Monmouthshire NS O’ Connell ( 02920 561564 Duncan Pennock, “Hop Tokens” illustrated with Wessex NS Power Point ( 020 7731 1702 Monthly Meeting Bedfordshire NS ( 01234 870645 Chris Leather—“The Coinage of Napoleon’”—part ORMSKIRK & WEST LANCS NS 2 of this enthralling series. Come early, seating ( 01704 232494 could be limited. “Medals of Marlborough’s Campaigns”—Malcom Harrow Coin Club Barras-Baker from Brent Archives ( 020 8952 8765 “Numismatic History of the Channel Islands’” by NS OF NOTTINGHAMSHIRE David Goodall ( 0115 9257674 Society Meeting TYNESIDE NS ( 01661 825824 : www.tynesidecoinclub.info General Meeting. 7pm BIRMINGHAM NUMISMATIC SOCIETY :davidmatthews100@hotmail.com “The Medals of James Mudie” BATH & BRISTOL NUMISMATIC SOCIETY (07793905035 “Medalling with Woman” NORWICH COIN & MEDAL SOCIETY ( 01603 617127 : www.norwichcoinandmedalsociety.co.uk Club Auction DERBYSHIRE NS ( 01283 223893 “The Wisest Fool” —The coinage of James VI and I, WORTHING & DISTRICT NS by Edward Besley. ( 01634 260114 47th Anniversary and 8th Ivan Buck Memorial ESSEX NS Lecture—Speaker TBA ( 01277 656627, or 07798 786886 Emile Szauer Memorial Talk NS of Ireland ( +0868714880 “The Pawnbroker’” by Miss B. M. Blackwell PETERBOROUGH & DISTRICT NS ( 01733 567763, or 01733 562768

Need an excuse for a great weekend in Dublin? . . . Then come along to the

IRISH INTERNATIONAL COIN FAIR COINS, TOKENS, BANKNOTES MEDALS, STAMPS AND OTHER COLLECTIBLES

Keep Your Collectables Covered

Saturday & Sunday 23rd & 24th February 2013 at The Royal Dublin Society, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4 Serpentine Hall (Anglesea Road Entrance) Open 11am to 6pm each day,

Admission º5 Dublin is the place to be for numismatists in February!

Be a part of the ‘Gathering’ Mike Kelly tel: 00353 86 8714 880 92

Coin News

For further details of specialist insurance cover for your collection, contact: Token Publishing Ltd, Orchard House, Duchy Road, Heathpark, Honiton Devon EX14 1YD. Tel: 01404 44166 Fax: 01404 44788 www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

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The Largest Monthly Coin, Medal & Banknote Fair in the Country

The Midland Coin Fair

NATIONAL MOTORCYCLE MUSEUM Bickenhill, Birmingham, B92 0EJ Opposite the NEC on the M42/A45 junction. Free parking. Refreshments Second Sunday of EVERY Month 10.00 am to 3.30 pm Admission Â£2 Running continuously for over 25 years!!

February 10th March 10th

All enquiries to Lu Veissid

Midland Coin Fair Hobsley House, Frodesley Shrewsbury, SY5 7HD Tel: 01694 731781

www.coinfairs.co.uk February 2013

www.tokenpublishing.com

Coin News

Semi-display advertising Raise the profile of your business with an entry in this section— generous discounts available (see page 99 for details)

COINS

Coins For Sale Roman, Celtic, English Hammered Coins, 17th Century Trade Tokens Write or telephone for a free copy of our large sales catalogue in which almost every item offered is illustrated.

Michael Trenerry

PO Box 55, Truro, Cornwall TR1 2YQ Tel: 01872 277977

Fax: 01872 225565

A Comprehensive selection of British Coins New list available now

K. B. COINS

50 LINGFIELD ROAD, MARTINS WOOD, STEVENAGE, HERTS SG1 5SL TEL: 01438 312661

PETER MORRIS 1 STATION CONCOURSE, BROMLEY NORTH BR STATION, KENT Open: Monday to Friday 10am–6pm Closed Wednesday Saturday 9am–2pm and other times by arrangement Write for free copy of latest coin list: FREEPOST (no stamp needed) PO BOX 223, BROMLEY, KENT BR1 4EQ Telephone 020 8313 3410 Visit our web site: www.petermorris.co.uk E-mail: coins @petermorris.co.uk

FAX: 01438 311990

MEMORABILIA

We stock all types of Manx memorabilia including banknotes, coins, postcards etc. Shop open 10-4 Mon–Sat 21 ST PAULS SQUARE, RAMSEY, ISLE OF MAN

Email:tonyhar@manx.net Tel: 01624 818303/07624 492484

FORMAT

Although we specialise in foreign coins, we also buy and sell British

Format

01430 879740 / 07905 467650 Specialists in Modern Gold and Silver Proof Coins and Sets Visit our e-shop and order on line at www.weightoncoin.co.uk

Second Floor, Burlington Court, Lower Temple Street, Birmingham. Tel: 0121 643 2058 Fax: 0121 643 2210

GLENN OGDEN COINS English coins,bought and sold, banknotes & foreign coins Phone or email for list

Tel: 01626 859350 07971 709427 or 07969204480 Email: coins@glennogdencoins.com www.glennogdencoins.com

GLENELY COINS

British, Roman and Ancient Greek Coins Bought and Sold

www.glenelycoins.co.uk Tel: 01793 750307 07739 426194 Email: chris_kellow@hotmail.com

www.coinsandtokens.com ANTHONY HALSE

A large selection of coins from budget priced date ﬁllers to coins for the advanced collector. Send for a free list of English, Foreign and Tokens PO BOX 1856, Newport South Wales, NP18 2WA 01633 413238

– VALDA COINS –

Separate lists of English coins for beginners to established collectors. Send for your free copy. EVANS, 80 Aberfan Road, Aberfan, Mid Glam CF48 4QJ Tel: 01443 690452

BRITISH COINS FOR SALE

Crowns to fractional farthings. Copper and bronze specialist. Some foreign. DAVID CRADDOCK PO Box 3785, Camp Hill, Birmingham B11 2NF Tel/Fax: 0121 773 2259 davidcraddock373@btinternet.com Send for free list

R.P. CoINS

CoINS, BookS, CAtALoGueS & ACCeSSoRIeS Bought & Sold. Please visit our website -

www.rpcoins.co.uk or call Rob Pearce on 07802 713444, fax 0161 798 7428 RP Coins, Po Box 367, Prestwich, Manchester, M25 9ZH

DORSET COIN COMPANY LTD Dealing in British Coins, Sets, Proofs, Foreign Coins and Banknotes. Send for latest list

COINOTE

193, Ashley Road, Parkstone, Poole, Dorset BH14 9DL. Tel: 01202 739606

www.coinote.co.uk

Shop: 74-74a Elwick Road, Hartlepool TS26 9AP

Open: Mon, Tues., Thurs, Fri & Sat 10am–2pm

Coins, Medals,Stamps Banknotes & Accessories Also at: Scorton Indoor Market—most Sundays Stockton on Tees Market—every Wednesday

PO Box 57635, London, NW7 0DS

Specialists in Buying and Selling Modern, Gold and Silver Coins from the UK and Around the World.

UK Freephone: 0800 085 2933/Int Tel: +44 208 343 2231 Email: sales@thelondoncoincompany.com Visit our Secure On-line Shop on www.thelondoncoincompany.com

Tel: 01429 890894 • Mob: 07889 119363 I re l a n d 4 0 Pa g e N e t Pr i ce L i s t N ow Ava i l a b l e

HUGE FREE LISTS

English Hammered and Milled coins

023 - 8032 - 4258

Irish Hammered, coinage of the Great Rebellion, Irish coppers, Silver Gun Money, Free State coinage Proofs and Morbiducci Patterns, Irish Art Medals and Irish Paper Money.

Del Parker

Email: irishcoins2000@hotmail.com

1-206-232-2560, PO Box 7568, Dallas TX 75209, USA See us at: Coinex, Dublin Fair & Simmons Fair, Baltimore & NYC Inc

206 Honeysuckle Road, Soton SO16 3BU

DEN OF ANTIQUITY Buying & Selling Ancient Coins & Antiquities

~ SEND FOR OUR LATEST LIST ~ Tel: 01223 863002 • thedenofantiquity@yahoo.co.uk

www.denofantiquity.co.uk

Coin news

Subscribe to CoIN NeWS and receive the digital version free of charge. Call 01404 44166, or visit www. tokenpublishing.com

FREE COIN LIST Now available from:

JEFFERY & SON

Haines Croft, Corsham Road, Whitley, Melksham, Wiltshire, SN12 8QF Tel: 01225 703143

To advertise on this page please complete the form on page 99, or call Celia on 01404 44167 www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

Semi-display advertising Coins Wanted

UNIVERSAL CURRENCY COIN EXCHANGE

Buying Swiss 80%, Can 80% and Ireland 80% Contact: Universal Currency Coin Exchange, UCCE, PO Box 57648, Mill Hill, NW7 0FE Tel: 07831 662594 Email: uccedcp@btinternet.com. www.coinsonline.co.uk

Colin Narbeth & Son Ltd 20 Cecil Court, London WC2N 4HE Paper Money Dealers Visit our Web site at: http://www.colin-narbeth.com A wide range of notes on offer

Ye Olde Banknote Shoppe

We stock a huge range of Banknotes and Coins from UK and around the World, also Tokens and Medals, Roman & Celtic and a host of other collectables. View our current catalogue online at

Cheques & Ephemera

ROGER OUTING British Cheques Bought & Sold Free List upon Request + Postal Cheque Auctions PO Box 123, Huddersfield, HD8 9WY rogerouting123@aol.com www.chequemate4collectors.co.uk

Medallions

tIMotHy MILLett LtD

www.oldbanknoteshop.co.uk

HisToRiCAL MeDALs AnD woRKs oF ART

Contact email: jim@oldbanknoteshop.co.uk

BRITISH BANKNOTES

Probably the biggest selection in the UK, mostly high grades. BRADBURY to LOWTHER Free up to date computer listing. Tel: 01736 871263 Trebehor, Porthcorno, Penzance, Cornwall TR19 6LX IAN GRADON WORLD NOTES

Banknotes

Banknotes bought and sold. Bulk lots, collections and single items wanted.

A Free list of World and British banknotes is available from

Tel: 0191 3719 700 email: igradon960@aol.com website: www.worldnotes.co.uk

D. YAPP PO Box 4718, SHREWSBURY, SY1 9EA Tel: 01743 232557 www.david-yapp.com

Tel: 01484 860415

Po Box 20851, London Se22 oyN Tel: 020 8693 1111 Fax: 020 8299 3733 Email: tim@historicmedals.com

www.historicmedals.com

CHARLES RILEY COINS & MEDALS

Professional Numismatist since 1990 Coins and medallions bought and sold PO Box 733, Aylesbury HP22 9AX Tel: 01296 747598 email: charles.riley@virgin.net

www.charlesriley.co.uk

Coin Shops www.cambridgeshirecoins.com

Buying and selling for over 20 years

Coins Wanted. Gold-Silver-Copper-Collections. Over 5,000 Coins for sale on-line. Coin Trays – Capsules – Albums – Books. 01223 503073

info@cambridgeshirecoins.com

Auctions/Fairs/Societies

An invitation to view our website

www.pdmedallions.co.uk • • • •

Buy historical medals on line. British, European, World medals available. Browse through our current stock. Regular up-dating of items for sale.

We buy single or collections of medals.

Log on to our website at www.tokenpublishing.com

Arghans

for all the latest news,

African banknotes – sensible prices

List from Arghans, Unit 9, Callington Business Park, Tinners Way, Moss Side, CALLINGTON PL17 7SH. Tel: 01579-382405 e-mail: keithp44@waitrose.com

British Notes Buying/Selling

Quality British Notes

Pam West, Po Box 257, Sutton, Surrey. SM3 9WW tel/Fax: 0208 641 3224 email: pam@britishnotes.co.uk www.britishnotes.co.uk

views, events, books, B. FRANK & SON

Numismatic Auctioneers (Est. 1983) Our next sale (No. 87) will be on 26 January in Newcastle upon Tyne You can bid live on the internet OR we will send you a FREE catalogue, OR watch our website

accessories and much more . . .

B. Frank & Son, 3 South Ave., Ryton, NE40 3LD Tel: 0191 413 8749 bfrankandson@aol.com

www.b-frank-and-son.co.uk

A wide range of accessories

is available from www.tokenpublishing.com February 2013

www.tokenpublishing.com

Coin news

Web directory Increase the traffic to your site with an entry in this section. All entries are hot-linked in the digital issue so new collectors are just a click away! See page 103 for details.

www.HistoryInCoins.com Â&#x160; Hammered to Milled: English, Irish & Scottish Â&#x160; Catering for beginners right through to serious collectors Â&#x160; Established February 2001. Fresh additions EVERY Tuesday Â&#x160; 3,000+ ITEMS FOR SALE (all with obverse & reverse images)

$SULO RQO\ &URPZHOOÂśV &RPPRQZHDOWK 3HZWHU )DUWKLQJ ,VVXHG LQ $SULO DQG RIÂż FLDOO\ ZLWKGUDZQ IURP FLUFXODWLRQ MXVW WZR ZHHNV ODWHU /LVWHG DW Â&#x2026;

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Coins

www.coincraft.com British coins, World coins, British banknotes, World banknotes, Roman coins, Greek coins, antiquities, medallions, supplies, Edward VIII bought and sold.

www.paciďŹ crimonlineauctions.com PaciďŹ c Rim Online Auction Comprehensive Auction of British, Australian and World Coins

foreigncoin.com Over 4,000 certiďŹ ed coins

www.coinsofbritain.com

www.chards.co.uk

www.petitioncrown.com

www.ringramcoins.com

Lloyd Bennett. A good selection of British coins from

The Biggest selection of English coins on the Web. An extensive selection of Hammered including Gold as well as a vast range of Milled from 1656 to date. 023 80324258

www.davidseamancoins.co.uk

www.argentumandcoins.co.uk/

Saxon times to the present day. English hammered coinage, occasionally Celtic, Roman and Anitquities. All items illustrated and updated weekly.

ď łSimple to use. ď łScreen sized photographs of each piece. ď łMainly British milled with a selection of hammered and good selection of maundy sets and odds.

View our stock on-line. Vast selection from Roman to modern. Exclusive gold site and many collector items. Proofs and bullion. Many special offers. Links to all other Chard websites

For everything you need to know about Petition Crowns log on to:

www.saltfordcoins.com Try the rest Then try the best

www.saltfordcoins.com

Specialising in British milled coinage from 1662 to date ď ˇAll coins pictured on the websiteď ˇ ď ˇSecure on-line paymentď ˇ

www.cngcoins.com Classical Numismatic Group offers continuous on-line auctions of Greek, Celtic, Roman, Byzantine, Medieval British and World coins.

Irish Coins and Notes Ancient Greek & Roman Del Parker

irishcoins.com Subscribe to COIN NEWS and receive the digital version free of charge. Go to www.tokenpublishing.com for more details

Coin news

www.spink.com COINS, BANKNOTES, MEDALS, STAMPS AND BOOKS â&#x20AC;&#x201C; THE COMPLETE ONLINE SERVICE FOR THE COLLECTOR.

www.celticcoins.com Chris Rudd sells more Celtic than anyone else worldwide. For a free catalogue phone

01263 735 007

www.tokenpublishing.com

February 2013

Web directory www.danielfearon.com

British and World Historical Medals and Medallions, Art Medals and all related pieces. Changing stock listed for sale

Simon Chester Coins.com

www.cambridgeshirecoins.com Coins Wanted

Auctions

Dealing in British Milled Coins

Buying and selling for over 20 years Over 5,000 coins online

01223 503073

www.galata.co.uk NUMISMATIC BOOKS, COINS AND TOKENS Books for metal detectorists and beginners a speciality. We even write them ourselves. Website updated twice weekly

info@cambridgeshirecoins.com

www.simonchestercoins.com

www.warwickandwarwick.com www.gbgoldcoins.com

Buyers and sellers of World and British Gold Coins—Fair prices paid for Sovereigns and Krugerrands

www.yorkcoins.com

www.paciﬁcrimonlineauctions.com Paciﬁc Rim Online Auction Comprehensive Auction of British, Australian and World Coins

Roman, Ancient British, English, Scottish & Irish Hammerd Coins ~Professional Numismatist~

www.weightoncoin.co.uk Specialists in Modern Gold and Silver Proof Coins and Sets Sovereigns of different dates and Mint marks always available.

www.johnnewmancoins.com

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WILLIAM & MARY Were they really as close as their coins suggest?

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE Vol. 49 No. 10

Vol. 49 No. 09

BANK OF MONA A Scottish Bank’s island adventure

Tel: Paul on 07779 461929

Accessories

Banknotes

www.David-yapp.com

www.coincabinets.com

Peter Nichols Cabinet Makers

Full range of coin cabinets available Workshop: +44 (0) 115 922 4149. Email: orders@coincabinets.com

Miscellaneous

www.douglassaville.com Out of Print, Secondhand and Rare Books on Coins, Tokens, Medallions, Orders, Decorations and Medals. Easy to use Website listing books for sale. All areas of the subject.

Subscribe to COIN NEWS... and receive the digital version free of charge.

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GREEK WARRIORS Fighting men on ancient coinage

Victoria ‘Shield’ Sovereigns from only £295

Books

Ancient coins, Greek, Celtic, Roman, Byzantine, Saxon, Viking, English, Irish, Scottish, Tokens. Antiques as before including Bronze-age, Iron-age, Dark-age, Medieval pottery, glass etc.

B A N K N O T E

www.buybullioncoins.com

www.David-yapp.com

www.gilliscoins.com

I N C O R P O R A T I N G

Antiquities

British and World Banknotes

Buying and selling English hammered coins, British milled coins and British tokens.

www.croydoncoinauctions.co.uk Bi-monthly sales of English, Foreign and Ancient Coins, Medallions, Tokens and Banknotes. See our website for free on-line catalogue.

Specialising in Coins of Great Britain, Scotland, Ireland and the Islands

www.rascoins.com

Free valuations without obligation on specialist collections and single coins, old accumulations, dealers’ stock, hoards and even unpopular and obscure material

DEPICTING AN ICON Michael Collins remembered on a new issue

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February 2013

Classifieds Use the classified section to locate a rare coin, sell unwanted items, or simply exchange correspondence with other collectors— Advertising is FREE for non-trade COIN NEWS subscribers, so why not take out your subscription today! WORLD AND BRITISH COINS. SHIPWRECK COINS, any wreck, INDIAN COINS AND PAPER Coins for sale Please send for a free list. James any quantity. Also shipwreck auction MONEY—single item or entire MONEY W W W . C O I N S O N A B U D G E T. CO.UK A great site for new collectors, also for ﬁlling in those elusive gaps. Great prices: new items being added all the time. Wants lists welcomed—a fast friendly service. Contact me on the above website. (03/13/06) ENGLISH AND UK COINS. Please ask for list Tel: 01626 859350. (12/13/12A) CLASSICAL ANTIQUITIES & COINS. Large display of Greek, Roman, Egyptian, Chinese and Medieval antiquities and coins now at The Red House Antiques Centre in York. Odyssey Antiquities, P.O. Box 61, Southport PR9 0PZ. Tel: 01704 232494. (02/13/06T) R O M A N , C E LT I C , E N G L I S H HAMMERED AND BRITISH COINS BEFORE 1895 for sale and wanted— ring anytime or write for mail order sales catalogue, or visit our stall at antiques fairs in the South. Ancient & Gothic, PO Box 5390, Bournemouth, BH7 6XR. Telephone: 01202 431721. Est. 1977. (02/13/12A) FREE CATALOGUE! FREE COINS! FREE BANKNOTES! Extensive range of coins, ancient to modern, tokens, banknotes, antiquities and related items. Low to medium grades our speciality! (UK only) Contact: Dei Gratia, PO Box 3568, Buckingham, Bucks., MK18 4ZS (stamp appreciated). Tel: 01280 848000. Email: daves@ dgcoins.co.uk. Please go to website at: www.dgcoins.co.uk. (02/13/06T) www.dgcoins.co.uk MERLINS OF GODALMING, Bridge Street, Godalming, Surrey. Celtic, Roman, hammered, milled. 01483 426155. Sorry no lists. (05/13/12T) EARLY ENGLISH MILLED: The most extensive date range available anywhere. 1658–1967 Farthings—Gold virtually every date. Free list tel: 023 80324258, write to 206 Honeysuckle Rd, Southampton SO16 3BU, email: info@ringramcoins.com, or visit www. ringramcoins.com. (10/13/12/A) ringramcoins.com WORLD AND BRITISH COINS. Please send for a free list. James & C. Brett, 17, Dale Road, Lewes, Sussex BN7 1LH. For web list: jc.brett@btinternet. com. (06/13/06T) SP ASIMI, selling BRITISH MILLED coins 1662–1946. Visit our cabinet at: THE EMPORIUM, 112 High Street, HUNGERFORD, Berkshire RG17 0NB, 01488 686959. (01/14/12T)

& C. Brett, 17 Dale Road, Lewes, Sussex, BN7 1LH. Website: www. jamesandchesterbrett.co.uk. (06/13/06T) WORLD COINS: Medieval and modern. Tokens, Countermarks, Jettons, medallions etc. Please send SAE for latest list to: Stephen Betts, 4 Victoria Street, Narborough, Leicester LE19 2DP. (06/13/06T) BRITISH COINS FREE LIST of inexpensive coins plus details of free gift. Des Welton, 13 Monmouth Road, Harlington, Dunstable, Beds, LU5 6NE, or email: des.welton@ntlworld.com. (06/13/06T) BRITISH & EUROPEAN FROM HAMMERED TO 1910, ROMAN CELTIC, GREEK etc., & Antiquities for sale and wanted. Get our mail order catalogue or see us at antique fairs in the South. Ancient & Gothic, PO Box 5390, Bournemouth BH7 6XR. Telephone: 01202 431721. Est. 1977. (06/13/12A) TWELVE SOVEREIGNS (1907/15 /57/58/59/62/63/64/65/66/67/6 8) offered in exchange for QV/KE7 half crowns in VF or higher condition. Contact John on 07730 978006, or email: john_boddy@hotmail.co.uk. (02/13) SENGHENYDD AND ABER CO-OP, metal tokens, pre-WWI, 1/2d to 2/-. Prices open to negotiation. Tel: 01633 485787, or 07803 125183. (02/13) COLLECTOR OF HALFPENNIES and farthings, 1860 onwards, wishes to contact other collectors seeking to sell/buy/etc., good quality coins. Peter 01489 577121. (02/13)

Coins Wanted

SPANISH COINS IN GOLD AND SILVER, especially “COBS”. (Portuguese and Dutch coins also wanted). Please contact: Beachcomber Trading Company (BTC) PO BOX 8, Newport, Isle of Wight, PO30 5JW. Tel: 01983 740712. (11/13/12T) COIN COLLECTOR wishes to purchase milled coin collection and/or banknote collection. Tel: 07790 132202. (02/13) 1854 SIXPENCE + 1863 FLORIN wanted urgently by collector in any condition. Tel John 01624 852135. (02/13 BRITANNIA AS OF HADRIAN (BMC 1174) wanted in high grade (GVF or above). Any reasonable price considered. C/O Lawrence Chard 521 Lytham Road Blackpool. 01253 342081. (RTC)

catalogues. BTC, PO Box 8, Newport, Isle of Wight, PO30 5JW. 01983 740712. (11/13/12T) )WANTED DONATIONS OF BRITISH or foreign coins, banknotes. Please send to Dogs for the Disabled, The Frances Hay Centre, Blacklocks Hill, Banbury, Oxon OX17 2BS. Charity No: 1092960 (05/13/12C) WORLD AND BRITISH gold coins wanted. Fair prices paid. Tel: 07917 160308. (04/13/06A)

WORLDWIDE BANKNOTES AND COINS at great prices. Please visit: www.collectorscurrency.com or email: bruce.tupholme@gmail.com. (05/13/12T) BUYING PRE-47 SILVER AT 20x FACE, PRE-20 AT 40x. Ingots, foreign silver wanted. Buying foreign currency coins/ notes including Canada, Swiss, USA, Australia, Irish. Taylor, 4 Sherwood Avenue, Ruislip, Middx. HA4 7XL. Tel: 01895 638885. (06/13/06T) COINS ANCIENT to modern wanted by collector. Almost anything considered. Phone Chris 01793750307/07739426194 or email: chris_kellow@hotmail.com. (06/13/06T) PRE-47 & PRE-20 silver wanted. Also modern 925 silver crowns or ingots. Top prices paid. Tel:07788 104921. (12/12/12A) REGISTERED CHILDRENS CHARITY 295732. Require donations of coins, tokens, banknotes, anything saleable. Please send donations to W. E. Cornish, 70 Downham Gardens, Tamerton Folit, Plymouth PL5 4QF.Tel: 01752 701934. (02/14/12C) TURKISH AND CYPRUS COINS AND BANKNOTES WANTED. Please contact saerhun@btopenworld.com, or 07918 950976. (03/13/12P) WE BUY SOVEREIGNS—best prices paid. Please telephone Paul on 07779 461929. (12/13/12A) GOLD WANTED TO BUY— Please compare my prices. 1/2 Sovereign from £120, Sovereign from £240, £2 from £480, £5 from £1,200. Complete set £2,040— best market price. Act now! Tel/fax: 01543 490439. Thank you. Aurelio Trevilla. (02/13) WE BUY SOVEREIGNS—best prices paid. Please telephone Paul on 07779 461929. (02/13/A)

collection. Please contact: Shatrughan Saravagi, email: shatrugansaravagi@yahoo.com, www. classicalnumismaticgallery.com. (03/13 classicalnumismaticgallery.com SILVER WANTED. Paying 32x face for pre-1947 & 58x Face for pre-1920. Happy to collect. Please call on 07917160308. (04/13)

Banknotes QUALITY BANKNOTES from the British Isles & Commonwealth. Please visit www.notability-banknotes.com www.notability-banknotes.com,, or email: info@notability-banknotes.com. (03/13/06A) ,

Cheques & Ephemera

ARE YOU INTERESTED IN COLLECTING Old Cheques, other Financial Instruments or Banking Ephemera? Then why not join the British Banking History Society. Tel: Keith for info: 020 83605665. (02/13/12FOC)

Miscellaneous TYNESIDE NUMISMATIC SOCIETY: Meeting second Wednesday every month. New members welcome. If you collect coins, banknotes, cheques etc., tel: 0191 2582042, or 01661 825824. (05/13) COUNTERFEIT COIN CLUB. New members welcomed. Details: CCC, 8 Kings Road, Biggin Hill, Kent, TN16 3XU. Tel: 01959 573686, or email: kenvoy@hotmail.co.uk (02/13) EDWARD VII red leather, 1902 specimen coin box, £5 down (takes 13 coins) must be excellent condition, Phone 01273 554407. (02/13) PARTNER WANTED for Coin Auctions based in South West. Sound knowledge of ID and grading essential. Interested? For further details call Allan on 01392 877094 (Exeter). (03/13) FREE SILVER Club Medal to new members joining World Proof Numismatic Association. Yearly dues £9.50. Complimentary club information. W. P. N. A. POB 4090, Pttsburgh, PA 15201-0094 USA. (04/13)

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February 2013

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February 2013