စစ်ဆင်ရေး လမ်းညွှန်ချက် သင်ခန်းစာများ

uef ã o wf 445

18 ) vuf-zifh ykpH u H s cif;usi;f ykH yk(H 91) tcsut f -cm ae7mwpfcu k dk umuG,7f ef ta-rmuf ((18 19? avajumif;7efumuG,fa7;vufeufrsm;tm; xdef;csKyf-cif;? avajumif; 7efumuG,fa7;vufeufrsm;ypfcwfr+udk avajumif;umuG,fa7;pnf;rsOf;rsm;t7 xdef;csKyf7onf? 4if;wGif vufeufrsm;xdef;csKyfr+tqifhESifh 7efolÑrdwfaqGcJG-cm;r+tqifh [lI7Sdonf = (u) vufeufrsm;xdef;csKyfr+? rdrad v,mOfrsm;onf avajumif;7efumuG,f a7;wm0ef,lju7onfhtcgrsm;wGif rdrdav,mOfrsm;udkumuG,fEdkif ap7ef twGuf ypfcwfr+xdef;odrf;-cif;enf;vrf;rsm;udk atmufygtwdkif; uJG-ym; -cm;em;pGm tokH;-yKjuonf = (1) vG w f v yf p G m ypf c wf - cif ; ? rnfonfhav,mOfrqdk rdwfaqG-zpf ajumif; wduspGmtaxmuftxm;r-yEdkifonfhtcgrsKd;wGif a-r-yif wyfrsm;onf 4if;av,mOftm; ypfcwfEdkifonf? avajumif;7ef umuG,fa7;vufeufrsm;ypfcwfr+udk vGwfvyfpGmay;xm;-cif; -zpfonf? Tta-ctaeonf ypfcwfoltm; uefãowfr+tenf;qkH; ta-ctae-zpfaponf? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 446

(2) ypfcwfr+uefãowf-cif;? 7efolav,mOf-zpfajumif; aocsmrSom ypfcwfr+-yKvkyfEdkifonf? avajumif;7efumuG,fa7;vufeufrsm;. ypfcwfr+udkuefãowfxm;onfh ta-ctae-zpfonf?

(3) ypf c wf r + x d e f ; csKyf - cif ; ? 7efolãav,mOfonf rdrdwyfrsm;tm; wdkufcdkufaepOf/ odkãr[kwf wdkufckdufrnfhqJqJtcsdefwGifom rdrdudk,f udkumuG,f7eftwGuf ypfcwf7rnf? t-cm;aomta-ctaewGif ypfcwf-cif;r-yK7ay? ( c ) 7ef o l Ñ rd w f a qG c J G - cm;r+? 7efol/ odkãr[kwf rdwfaqGav,mOfwpfpD;-zpf ajumif; taxmuftxm;ESiEhf i+d ;f ,SOq f ;Hk -zwf_y;D rSom 7efoÑl rdwaf qGcJG -cm; Edik o f nf?

TEd+if;,SOfqkH;-zwfcsufonf omreftm;-zifh avajumif;7ef umuG,fa7; ta-rmuf wyfzJGårS owif;ay;ydkã7onf? a-cvsifwyfcJGrsm;odkã vnf; wyf7if; XmecsKyrf w S pfqifh owif;ay;Edik o f nf? omreftm;-zifh rnf onfh av,mOfrqdk 7efvdkaomt-yKtrlwpfck-yKvkyfcJhv#if 7efol[kom owfrSwf7rnf?

20? 7ef o l . avajumif ; rS wd k u f c d k u f c sd e f w G i f vk y f a qmif 7 rnf h t csuf r sm; sm;? avajumif;wdkufckdufr+rsm;onf rar#mfvifhbJ vsif-refpGm-zpfay:vmwwfaomajumifh ppfonfrsm;ae7m,lEdkif7ef }uKdwifwyfvSefãowday;csufvdktyfonf? avajumif; wkdufcdkufr+udk tcsufay;wyfvSefã7ef ppfonfwdkif;wGifwm0ef7Sdonf? ppfonfrsm;onf 7Edkifor#aomtaumif;qkH;enf;vrf;rsm;-zifh tcsufay;wyfvSefã7rnf? (Oyrm= c7m/ toH/ a7'D,dkpuf)avajumif;wkdufckdufr+tcsufay;oHjum;7onfhtcg 7efolESifhxdawGå aeaomwyfzJGårsm;rSty usefwyfrsm;onf a-r-yifxufedrfhaomae7mwGif tumtuG,f ,l7rnf? ,mOf-zifhcsDwufaepOf avajumif;wdkufckdufr+cH7ygu ,mOfrsm;udkeD;pyf7m tumtuG,frsm;teD;wGif -zefãcJG7yfwefã7rnf? ppfonfrsm;onf ,mOf7yfv#if7yfcsif; ,mOfay:rSqif;I -zefãcJGae7m,ll7rnf? ypfcwfEdkifaomppfonfrsm;onf 7efolã av,mOfrsm;tm; ypfcwfwdkufcdkuf7rnf?

21? 7ef o l ã av,mOf r sm;tm; xd a wG å wd k u f c d k u f - cif ; ? 7efolãav,mOfrsm;tm; ypfcwfwdkufcdkuf7ef yxrOD;pGm 7efolãav,mOf-zpfajumif; wduspGm taxmuftxm; -yEdkif7rnf? tu,fI rdrdab;eHavajumif;umuG,fa7;ta-rmufrsm;rS av,mOftm; ypfcwfwdkufcdkufaeygu rdrdrSvnf; ypfcwfwdkufckdufEdkifonf? odkãaomf rdrdav,mOf rsm;onf 4if;e,fa-rwGif7Sdaeygu wyf7if;rõ;onf ypfcwfr+tm; wif;juyfpGmxdef;csKyf xm;7rnf? tu,fI av,mOfonf rdrdwyfrsm;tm; wdkufcdkufygu rdrdrSwef-yefypf cwfr+-yKvkyfEdkifonf? tu,fI 7efolãav,mOfonf rdrdtm;rwdkufckdufygu rdrdypfcwf uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 447

r+onf rdrdwnfae7mudk azmf-youJhodkã-zpfEdkifI xdkta-ctaersKd;wGif ypfcwfr+tm; xdef;csKyfxm;oifhonf? wyf7if;7Sdvufeufi,frsm;onf 7efolavajumif;rS wdkufcdkuf aepOftwGif; rdrdxda7mufr+tuGmta0;ay:rlwnfIypfcwfEdkifonf?

22? 7efolav,mOftm; wdkufckdufykHenf;vrf;? 7efolav,mOfESifhxdawGåwdkuf cdkuf7onfhtcg ypftm;udkxk-zifhtokH;-yK7rnf? xdkenf;vrf;udkusifhokH;7mwGif ppfonf rsm;onf av,mOfudkaemufrSvdkufI ypfcwf7efr}uKd;pm;oifhbJ av,mOfysHoef;vm rnfhvrf;ajumif;tm; ypftm;rsm;-zifh-ynfhESufaeatmif }uKdwifaqmif7Guf7rnf?

7efolav,mOfonf rdrdxHodkãOD;wnfysHoef;vmonfhtcg ppfonfrsm;onf av,mOf .OD;acgif; (av,mOfarmif;olae7m)udk7nfrSef;csufxm;ypfcwfoifhonf? (ykH=92)/ (ykH=93)/(ykH=94)/ (ykH=95)?

23? _rKdã-yumuG,f-cif;? _rKdå -yumuG,f-cif;onf avajumif;7efumuG,fa7;wGif ta7;ygaomuèwpf c k - zpf y gonf ? _rd K å -yumuG , f a 7;aqmif 7 G u f E d k i f r S o m -ynfolvlxk. pdwf"mwfESifhwkefv+yfa-cmuf-cm;r+udkavsmhyg;aponf? rvdkvm;tyfaom -ynfwGif;yÅdyuQ rS a7Smif7Sm;Edkifrnf-zpfonf = (u) }uKdwif-yifqifaomenf; (1) AkH;cdkusif;rsm;aqmufvkyf-cif;?

(2) ppfruf-zpfyGm;aome,fa-r7Sd-ynfolrsm;udk ab;uif;7modkã }uKdwif a7$åxkwf-cif;?

(3) taqmufttkHESifhpuf&kH/ tvkyf&kHrsm;udk AkH;'%fESifhrD;'%fcHEdkif7ef ykHpHa7;qJGwnfaqmuf-yK-yif-cif;?

(4) puf&kHÑtvkyf&kHrsm; -zefãcJGxm;-cif;?

(5) -ynfolvlxktwGuf r7Sdr-zpfaxmufyhH7efvdkaom v#yfppf"mwftm;/ a7wdkãudk wpfenf;r[kwfwpfenf;-zifh axmufyhHEkdifaom t7H-znfh wif;a7;enf;pepfrsm; pDrHxm;-cif;?

(6) t7HqufoG,fa7;vrf;ajumif;rsm;pDrHxm;-cif;?

(7) ta-ccHpm;ukef/ vlokH;ukefrsm;udk t7Ht-zpfpkaqmif;xm;-cif;?

(8) ta7;ay:v#yfppfrD;-zwfawmuf-cif;/ ykHzsuf-cif;/ twk-yKvkkyf-cif;/ rD;cdk;rd+if;umcs-cif;ESifh t-cm;vSnfhpm;aom tpDtpOfrsm; pDrH-yKvkyf xm;-cif;?

(9) t%k-rLppfyJGtwGuf umuG,fr+rsm;pDrH-cif;? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 448

( c ) ta7;ay:aqmif7Gufaomenf; (1) 7efoltwdkufcH7qJESifh twkdufcdkufcH_yD;ptcsdefwGif vkyfaqmif7onfh toufu,f-cif;/ vlema7$åxkwf-cif;/ rD;_idrf;owf-cif;/ tysuftpD; 7Sif;vif;-cif;/ ta7;ay:-yifqif-cif; ponfhwm0efrsm;udk vufiif; aqmif7Guf7rnf?

(2) t-cm;wm0efrSm vlr+0efxrf;wm0ef-zpfonf? 7efolwdkufckduf-cif; ajumifh tkd;rJh/ tdrfrJh 'kuQonfrsm;twGuf aexkdifa7;/ t0wf txnf77Sda7;/ pm;aomufa7;ESifhusef;rma7;wdkãudk pDpOfaqmif7Guf ay;7rnf?

24? avajumif;7efumuG,fa7;t-cm;tzJGåtpnf;rsm; rsm;? avajumif;7efumuG,f a7;onf wyfrawmfwpfcw k nf;-zifh -yKvky-f cif;xuf -ynfoãl ppfr[mAsL[mt7 vkyo f m; -ynfolrsm;yg0ifzJGåpnf;xm;aom tzJGåtpnf;rsm;-zifh aqmif7Gufygu ydkrdk-ynfhpkHrnf -zpfayonf? xdkãajumifh ppf-zpfonfESifhavajumif;7efumuG,fr+twGuf atmufyg tzJGåtpnf;rsm;onfvnf; toifh-zpfae7rnf-zpfygonf = (u) avajumif;7efowday;aqmfjoa7;tzJGårsm;? ( c ) rD;owftzJGårsm;? ( * ) olem-yKtzJGårsm;?

(C) tysuftpD;rsm;z,f7Sm;7Sif;vif;aomtzJGårsm;? ( i ) vlxka7$åa-ymif;ay;a7;tzJGårsm;? ( p ) umuG,fa7;tzJGårsm; (7JwyfzJGãÑ-ynfolãppf)? (q) AkH;ESifhrdkif;7Sif;tzJGå (tif*sifeD,mrsm;)? ( Z ) tqdyf"mwfaiGåESifh"mwk7efumuG,fa7;tzJGårsm;? ( ps ) oGm;vm}uD;juyfa7;tzJGå? (n) t%k-rL"mwfzsufodrf;a7;tzJGå? ( ) ,m,DESifha7$åa-ymif;Edkifaomaq;&kHtzJGårsm;? ( X ) ,m,Du,fq,fa7;rsm;udk vkyfaqmifaomtzJGå? ( Ä ) v#yfppf"mwftm;Ña7Ñrdvòm -yK-yifa7;txl;tvkyform;rsm;? ( Ç ) vkyo f m;-ynforl sm;.pdw"f mwfukd -rëiw hf ifaomtzJåG rsm; ponfwãkd-zpfygonf?

25? rsufarSmufacwfppfyJGrsm;wGif a-ymif;vJvmaom ppfr[mAsL[moabmw7m; uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 449

7Sif;vif;csuf= t-refESKef;-rifhrm;aom *sufav,mOfrsm;ukd ab;wkduftaetxm;-zifh ypfcwf7onfhtcg ppfonfrsm;onf av,mOf. a7ShabmvkH;uGif;ESpfuGif;pm rDwm (200) cefh ukd 7nfrSef;csufxm;I csdefwG,fypfcwfoifhonf?

ykH(92) t-refESKef;-rifhrm;aom *sufav,mOfrsm;ukd ab;wkduftaetxm;-zifh- yykH

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 450

7Si;f vif;csuf= t-refEKS ef;edrahf om av,mOfrsm;ukd ab;wku d t f aetxm;-zifh ypfcwf7onft h cg ppfonfrsm; onf av,mOf. a7Sh abmvkH;uGif.wpf0ufpm( rDwm= 50) cefh ukd 7nfrSef;csufxm;I csdefwG,f ypfcwfoifhonf?

ykH(93) t-refESKef;-rifhrm;aom *sufav,mOfrsm;ukd ab;wkduftaetxm;-zifh- yykH

7Sif;vif;csuf=7efolhav,mOfukd -rif7aomtcg wyfrSL;onf ypf[k trdefhay;7rnf? xkdtcg wyfrSL;. wpf0kduf&Sd ppf o nf r sm;onf av,mOf . a&S h o k d h (txuf w G i f a zmf - ycJ h o nf h tuG m ta0;wk d i f ; ) av,mOfausmfveG o f mG ;onfh wkid af tmifypfcwf7rnf? ppfonfrsm;onf 7efoahl v,mOfudk aemufrS vkdufrypfbJ av,mOf. a7Shykdif;{7d,mukd ypfcwf7rnf?

ykH(94) t-refESKef;-rifhrm;aom *sufav,mOfrsm;ukd ab;wkduftaetxm;-zifh- yykH uef ã o wf

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rsm;t7 tqrwefomvGefaom avajumif;ta7;omr+ (Air Superiority) udk 7,lI wdkufyJG0ifjuonfudkawGå7onf? ywf0ef;usif7Sd tiftm;}uD;EdkifiHrsm;ESifh tdrfeD; csif;rsm;onfvnf; avwyftiftm;udk wdk;csJåwnfaqmufvsuf7Sdjuonf? xdkãajumifh rdrdwdkãtae-zifh a-cvsifwyf7if;tqifhrSmyif avajumif;7efumuG,fa7; vufeuf rsm;udk wdk;csJåwyfqif_yD; acwfrDavajumif;7efumuG,fa7;enfAsL[mrsm; qnf;yl; avhvmum avhusifhyGm;rsm;oGm;7ef vdktyfvSayonf? aemuf q uf w G J ( C)

7Sif;vif;csuf= -zpfEidk af omta-ctaewGif wyfrLS ;onf trSwt f om;wpfcu k dk uk;d um;azmf-yI 7efoahl v,mOftm; ypfcwf7ef -yKvkyfEkdifonf? (4if;trSwftom;ukd xdawGrSKrwkdifrD tcsdefrD azmf-yxm;7rnf) 7efoal v,mOfvmaomtcg wyfrLS ;onf 4if;. teD;wpf0u dk &f dS ppfonfrsm;tm; wyfveS 7hf rnf? av,mOfonf owfrSwfxm;aom trSwftom;okdh csOf;uyfvmaomtcg wyfrSL;onf ykHpHtm; -zifh (trSw(f 2) trSwt f om;ypf) [k trdeahf y;7rnf? ppfonfrsm;onf 4if;wk. hd vufeufrsm;ukd trSwftom; (2) . tay:bufokdh csdef&G,fI (45 'D*7D) axmifypfcwf7rnf?

ykH(95) t-refESKef;-rifhrm;aom *sufav,mOfrsm;ukd ab;wkduftaetxm;rS ypfcwfykH

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 452

7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7; (HELIBORNE

OPERATION)

1?

7[wf,mOfrsm;onf wyfzJGårsm;udk vdktyfaomtcsdefESifh vdktyfaomae7mrsm; wGif vsif-refpGmpkpnf;Edkif-cif;/ vsif-refpGm-zefãcJGEdkif-cif;/ vdktyfygu wyfzJGårsm;udk vsi-f refpmG xkwEf w k I f t-cm;aom{7d,mrsm;odãk a-ymif;a7$åEdik -f cif;ajumifh a-r-yifwyfr;õ rsm; udk rsm;pGmtaxmuftul-yKonf? 7[wf,mOfwifwkdufckdufa7;wyfzJGårsm;onf 7efol. twm;tqD;rsm;ESifh cHppfpnf;rsm;udk a7SmifuGif;I euf&+dif;pGmxkd;azmufwkdufckdufEdkif onf? 7efol.aomhcsufae7mESifh axmufyhHr+qdkif7mae7mrsm;udk odrf;ydkuf-cif;/ qufoG,fa7;vrf;ajumif;rsm;udk -zwfawmuf-cif;-zifh a7Såwef;7Sd7efolwyfrsm;udk tiftm;enf;atmif aqmif7Gufonf? 7[wf,mOf-zifh ppfqif-cif;udk tao;pdwf }uKdwifprD -H cif;/ 7J0pHh mG vkyaf qmif-cif;/ -yif;xefpmG wdu k cf u kd -f cif;rsm;-zifh aqmif7u G 7f onf?

2? ppfuètoD;oD;wGif vdktyfovdk wef-yefa-ymufusm;ppfqif-cif;/ 7efolã twm;tqD;rsm;ESifh cHppfpnf;rsm;udk a7SmifuGif;I euf&d+if;pGmxdk;azmufwdkufcdkuf-cif;/ uif;vSnfh-cif;/ axmufvSrf;-cif;/ vlÑvufeufypPnf;rsm; a7$åa-ymif;-cif;/ axmufyhH -znfw h if;-cif;ESihf '%f7m7vlemrsm; a7$åxkw-f cif;wdãk ukd vkyaf qmif7eftok;H -yKavh7o dS nf?

7nfrSef;csufwm0ef 3? acwfopfppfyJGwGif enf;ynmrsm; wdk;wuf-rifhrm;vmonfESifhtr# 7[wf,mOf wifwdkufcdkufa7;wyfzJGårsm; (Heliborne Forces) udk ydkrdkwGifus,fpGm tokH;yKvmcJh onf? 7[wf,mOfwifwu kd cf u kd af 7;wyfzåGJ rsm;udk a-r-yifwyfzåGJ rsm;ESihf yl;aygif;um 7efoal emufyikd ;f e,fa-rrsm;odãk e*g;ywfppfqif-cif;/ vSnw hf ufppfqif-cif; tp7So d nfrsm; xda7mufpGm vkyfaqmifvmEdkifcJhonf? 7[wf,mOfwifwkdufcdkufa7;wyfzJGårsm;udk atmufyg7nfrSef;csufwm0efrsm; ay;tyfEdkifonf = (u) 7efolãuGyfuJr+XmecsKyfudkpD;eif;wdkufckduf7ef? ( c ) 7efol.ta-rmufvufeuf}uD;ae7mrsm;udk wdkufcdkufzsufqD;7ef? ( * ) 7efolaemufydkif;e,fa-r7Sd tcsuftcsmESifhta7;}uD;ae7mrsm;udk odrf;ydkuf 7ef?

(C) t-rwfxkwfppfqif7ef? ( i ) a7Såwef;7Sda-r-yifwyfrsm; tvSrf;rrDonfhae7mudk odrf;ydkuf7ef/ odkãr[kwf uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 453

tiftm;-znfhay;7ef? ( p ) ae7mwpfckudk ydwfqdkã7ef/ odkãr[kwf umuG,fxm;7ef? (q) r[mAsL[mcHppfwGif ydwfqdkãa7;/ odkãr[kwf wef-yefxdk;ppfqifa7;aqmif7Guf 7ef? ( Z ) enf;AsL[maxmufvSrf;a7;aqmif7Guf7ef? ( ps ) ta-ccspcef;udk }uKdwifodrf;ydkuf7ef? (n) 7efolãavajumif;ppfqifa7;udk wef-yef7ef?

7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7;. pGrf;aqmifEdkifr+ESifhuefãowfcsufrsm; 7[wf,mOfwifwkdufckdufa7;wyfzJGå.pGrf;aqmifEdkifr+rsm; 4? sm;? 7[wf,mOfwif wdkufckdufa7;wyfzJGårsm;onf 7efoltm; rnfonfht7yfrsufESmrSrqdk wkdufcdkufEdkifonfh t-yif t-cm;aomenf;vrf;rsm;-zifh wdu k cf u kd 7f efcufcaJ om 7nfreS ;f csufrsm;udk wdu k cf u kd f EdkifpGrf;7Sdonf? a-cvsifwyfrsm;twGuf tcuftcJ-zpfonfh obm0ESifhvlvkyftwm; tqD;rsm;udk tvG,fwulausmf-zwfIvnf;aumif;/ a7SmifuGif;Ivnf;aumif; oGm;Edkif onf? qkwfcGmaeaom 7efolãwyfrsm;udk a-cvsifwyf/ ,mOfwifwyfrsm;xuf vsif-refpGmpD;eif;wdkufckdufEdkifonf? tiftm;udkvsif-refpGmpkpnf;-cif;/ -zefãcJG-cif;/ -yefvnfae7mcsxm;-cif;-zifh rdrdppfqifa7;e,fa-rtm; us,f-yefãpGmv$rf;rdk;xm;Edkifonf? wyfrõ;. vuf0,fwGif t7eftiftm;enf;-cif;/ odkãr[kwf tiftm;trsm;pkudk rSm;,Gif; pGmtokH;-yK-cif;rsm;udk a-ymif;vJ-yifqif7ef taxmuftul-yKEdkifonf? ppfa-r-yifwGif -zpfay:aeaom enf;AsL[mtcGifhtvrf;rsm;ESifh vdktyfcsufrsm;udk vsif-refpGmwkHã-yef Edkifonfht-yif enf;AsL[mqdkif7m tqkH;t-zwfay;rnfhae7mrsm;odkã wyfrsm;udk vsif-refpmG a-ymif;a7$åae7mcsxm;Edik o f nf? uif;axmuf-cif;wm0efuv kd nf; e,fa-rus,f -yefãpGm xrf;aqmifEdkifonf?

7[wf , mOf w if w d k u f c d k u f a 7;wyf z J G å twG u f uef ã o wf c suf r sm; 5? sm;? qdk;7Gm; aom7moDOwkwGif 7[wf,mOfwifwyfzJGårsm;udk 7[wf,mOfay:wifaqmif7efESifh 7[wf,mOfESifha-r-yifodkãqif;ouf7ef cufcJr+7Sdonf? 7[wf,mOfwGif wyfqifxm; onfh vufeufud7d,mrsm;ESifh wifaqmifonfh vlÑypPnf;rsm;. tav;csdefonf ppfqifrnfha'o. yifv,fa7rsufESm-yiftxuf t-rifh (Altitude Above Mean Sea Level) ay:wGifrlwnfI 7[wf,mOf. ysHwufEdkifpGrf;udk uefãowfxm;onf? rdrdwyfzJGårsm; tvSrf;rrDaome,fa-rwGif wm0efxrf;aqmif7ygu qufoG,fr+-yKvkyf uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 454

7efcufcJonf? 7efol.enf;AsL[mwdkufav,mOf/ avajumif;umuG,fr+pepfESifh tDvufx7GefepfppfyJGykHoémefrsm;onf rdrdppfqifEdkifpGrf;udk uefãowfxm;onf?

7[wf,mOf-zifh a-r-yifydkãaqmifa7;,mOfrsm;udk o,f,lay;7efcufcJonf? 7[wf,mOf ay:odkã vl/ vufeuf/ ypPnf;rsm;wifaqmifcsdef/ a-r-yifodkãqif;ouf7eft7Sdefav#mhI csOf;uyfcsdef/ a-r-yifodkãqif;oufcsdefESifh a-r-yifrSt7Sdef,lysHwufcsdefrsm;wGif 7efol. wdkufcdkufr+ajumifh tEó7m,f-zpfEdkifr+ ydkrdkrsm;-ym;onf? }uKd w if p D r H x m;7rnf h t csuf r sm; 6? sm;? 7[wf,mOfwif ppfqifa7;r-yKvkyfrD 7[wf,mOfwifrnfhae7mESifh qif;oufrnfhae7mrsm;udk qif;uGif;/ csuGif;/ v#Kdå0Suf trSwftom;rsm;udk }uKdwifa7G;cs,fxm;_yD; vkH-cKHa7;udkvnf; }uKdwifpDrHaqmif7Gufxm; 7rnf? 7[wf,mOfwifrnfhae7mESifh qif;oufrnfhae7mtrSwftom;rsm;udk owfrSwf I wyfzJGårsm;udk -zefãa0xm;7rnf? xdkã-yif a-r-yifodkã qif;oufrnfh OD;pm;ay;tpDtpOf udk owfrSwfxm;7rnf? 7[wf,mOfay:wifaqmifrnfh pDrHcsufudk }uKdwifa7;qJG_yD; wifaqmifrnfhOD;pm;ay;tpDtpOfrsm;ESifh wdkufckdufa7;wyfrsm; zJGåpnf;r+udk aqmif7Guf xm;7rnf?

7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7;.t*Fg7yfrsm; 7/ 7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7;rsm;onf t-cm;avajumif;csDppfqifa7;rsm;ESifh Ed+if;,SOfv#if atmufygtm;omcsufrsm; awGå7Sd7onf = (u) wyfrsm;udk ppfenf;AsL[ma-rmufpkzJGår+rsm;twdkif; qif;oufapEkdifo-zifh csufcsif;vkyfief;pwifEdkifonf? ( c ) 7nfrSef;csufwpfckrS aemufwpfckodkã wyfrsm;udk vsif-refpGma7$åa-ymif;Edkif-cif; -zifh enf;AsL[ma-rmufv+yf7Sm;vG,fulr+77SdapEdkifonf? ( * ) 7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7;-yKvyk -f cif;-zifh }uD;rm;us,-f yefãaomuGi;f rsm; tok;H -yK7efrvdkbJ toifhtwifhus,f-yefãaomuGif;rsm; tokH;-yKEkdifonf?

(C) wyfrsm; a-r-yifo,f,lydkãaqmifa7;csKdåwJhr+tcuftcJudk avsmhyg;aponf?

8?

7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7;. tm;enf;csuftcsKdårSm = (u) 7[wf,mOfrsm;. qDpm;E+ef;-rifhrm;r+ajumifh -znfhwif;a7;-y\em}uD;rm; aponf? ( c ) enf;AsL[ma-rmuf7[wf,mOfrsm;. pGrf;7nfuefãowfcsufajumifh wyfrsm; udk tiftm;wnfaqmuf7mwGif tcsdefvkHavmufpGm 77efvdkonf? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 455

7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7;tqifhrsm; 9?

7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7;-yKvkyf7mwGif omreftm;-zifh tqifh(4)qifh7Sdonf?

4if;wdkãrSm = (u) vlÑypPnf;rsm;wifaqmif-cif;tqifh? vlÑypPn;f rsm;wifaqmif7ef -yif qifcif;/ pwif wifaqmifonfhtcsdefESifh 7[wf,mOfpwifrysHoef;rDtcsdef xdyg0ifonf? ( c ) avajumif;csDwufr+tqifh? 7[wf,mOfpwifysHwufpOfrS wyfzJGårsm; qif;uGif;wGifqif;oufonftxdyg0ifonf? ( * ) qif;ouf-cif;tqifh? vlÑypPnf;rsm;qif;uGif;ae7mwGif pwifqif;ouf -cif;rS wyfzJGårsm;owfrSwfxm;aompk7yfwGif pkpnf;onftxdyg0ifonf?

(C) a-r-yifppfqifa7;tqifh? wyfzJGårsm;pk7yfrSxGufcGm-cif;rS 7nfrSef;csuf wm0ef_yD;a-rmufatmif aqmif7Guf-cif;txdyg0ifonf? pDrHcsufa7;qJG-cif; 10? wyfr;õ onf owday;trdeãf 77Scd sderf pS I ta-ccHprD cH suf(4)cktm; atmufygtwdik ;f a7;qJG7rnf = (u) a-r-yifppfqifa7;pDrHcsu suff ? 4if;pDrHcsufwGif ppfupm;r+tpDtpOf/ wyfrsm; ae7mcsxm;r+/ ypfulrsm;yg0ifonf? wyfrõ;onf 7[wf,mOfrsm; 77SdEdkifr+ ta-ctaeay:rlwnfI qif;uGif;ae7mta7twGufudk owfrSwf7rnf?

7[wf,mOf. vsif-refpGma7$åa-ymif;Edkifr+udk tokH;-yK_yD; tvpftidkuf7,l wdkufcdkuf7o-zifh ppfqifa7;wGifyg0ifaom avajumif;wyfzJGåonf a-cvsif wyfrõ;.uGyfuJr+atmufwGif twlwuG yl;aygif;aqmif7Guf7onf?

7[wf,mOfarmif;olrsm;onf a-r-yifppfqifa7;pDrHcsufESifh wyfrõ;.

7nf7G,fcsufudk od7Sdxm;7efvdktyfonf? ( c ) qif;oufr+pDrHcsuf? 4if;pDrcH sufwiG f qif;oufrnft h csde/f qif;uGi;f ae7m/ wyfzåGJ rsm;pkpnf;7rnfh !$ejf um;csu/f vk-H cKHa7;tpDtpOfrsm;yg0ifonf? 4if;pDrH csuf. 7nf7G,fcsufrSm wyfzJGåt7G,ftpm;tvkduf oifhawmfaomae7mwGif rSefuefaomtpDtpOftwdkif; qif;ouf7ef-zpfonf? 7[wf,mOfqif;uGif; vkaH vmufygu 7nfreS ;f csuaf e7mwGif 7[wf,mOftrsm;t-ym;wpfcsed w f nf; qif;oufEdkifonf? qif;oufrnfhae7m a7G;cs,f7mwGif avajumif;rS vG,fulpGmawGå7SdEdkifaomae7m-zpf7rnf? xdkae7monf 7nfrSef;csufESifh eD;uyf_yD; vkHavmufaomtus,ft0ef;7Sd7rnf? qif;oufrnfha-rrsufESm uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 456

-yifonf 7[wf,mOf.tav;csdefudk cHEdkifavmufatmif rmajumr+7Sd7rnf? xdkã-yif wyfrõ;onf qif;uGif;ywfvnf7Sd twm;tqD;rsm;/ a-r-yifavsm apmufESifh tqif;Ñtwuf-yKvkyfrnfh vrf;ajumif;rsm;udk pOf;pm;7rnf? a-rrsufESm-yifonf (8)'D*7Dxuf rwfapmufygu 7[wf,mOf aumif;rGefpGm rqif;oufEdkifay? qifa-cavsmrwfapmufr+onf (4)'D*7D xufavsmhenf; rSom aumif;rGefpGm qif;oufEdkifonf? qifa-cavsmudk ab;wdkufqif;rnf qkdygu rwfapmufr+(4)'D*7DrS (8) 'D*7DtwGif; qif;oufÑ ysHwufEdkifonf?

7[wf,mOfqif;rnfah e7m. ay(100)ywfvnfwiG f (10)ay -rifah omtwm; tqD;r7Sd7ay? ( * ) ysHoef;r+pDrHcsuf? 4if;pDrcH sufwiG f ysHoef;rnfv h rf;ajumif;/ ysHoef;rnfh ykpH /H t-rifah y/ ysHoef;E+e;f rsm;udk }uKdwifwu G cf suf7onf? a vajumif;wyfr;õ ESiahf r-yifwyfrõ;wdkãonf ysHoef;rnfhvrf;ajumif;udk ndëEd+if;a7G;cs,f7rnf? zpfEdkifygu oHo,7Sdaom7efolãae7mrsm;udk a7Smif7Sm;7rnf? ysHoef;r+ykHpHudk enf;ynmESifhenf;AsL[may:ta-ccHI avajumif;wyfrõ;rS a7G;cs,fonf?

4if;ysHoef;r+ykHpHonf a-cvsifwyfrõ;. qif;oufrnfhykHpH/ a-r-yifwGifvkyf aqmifrnfhpDrHcsufwdkãESifh udkufnDr+7Sd7rnf?

(C) wifaqmifr+pDrHcsuf? 4if;pDrHcsufwGif 7[wf,mOf wufuGif;ae7m/ wif aqmifr}+ uD;juyf-cif;vkyif ef;/ ,mOfÑypPn;f rsm; 7[wf,mOfwufuiG ;f odãk a7$åaymif;7rnfhtpDtpOf/ vdkufygrnfhwyfrsm;/ OD;pm;ay;wifaqmif7rnfh tpDtpOfrsm;yg0ifonf? 7[wf,mOfay:wufa7mufrnfhtpDtpOfrSm ppfqifa7;wGiyf g0ifonfw h yfzåGJ rsm;udk 4if;wdãk .pk7yfae7mwGif }uD;juyfa7; tzJGårS awGåqkH_yD; cJGv$wf7efESifh 7[wf,mOfwuf7efae7modkã oGm;a7mufndë Ed+if;owfrSwf7rnf? 4if;aemuf wyfzJGår sm;onf pk7yfae7mrS cJGv$wf7yfae7m odãk csw D uf7rnf? xdãkaemuf cJv G w $ 7f yfrS 7[wf,mOfwuf7efae7modãk oufqikd f 7macgif;aqmifrsm;OD;aqmifI csDwuf7rnf? 7[wf,mOf wpfpD;pDtwGuf 7[wf,mOfwuf7efae7m wpfckpDESifh acgif;aqmifwpfOD;pD owfrSwfxm; 7onf? 7[wf,mOfwuf7efae7mwGif acgif;aqmifonf vdkufygrnfh vlÑ vufeufrsm;udk aemufqkH;ppfaq;onf? ppfonfwdkif;onf 7[wf,mOf ay:wuf7efESifh qif;7efenf;vrf;rsm;udk aocsmpGmod7Sd7ef acgif;aqmifrS 7Sif;vif;-y7rnf? 7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7;wyfzJGå. acgif;aqmifrsm;ESifh ta7;}uD;vufeufrsm;onf 7[wf,mOfwpfp;D ay:wGio f m pk-yKv H u dk yf g cif;udk a7Smif7Sm;I t-cm;7[wf,mOfrsm;ay:wGif cJGa0vdkufyg7rnf? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 457

ykH(98) a-r-yifavsmapmufonfh (4 'D*7D) xufenf;rSom aumif;rGefpGmqif;oufEkdifykH

ykH(99) ab;wkdufqif;oufrnfqkdygu rwfaqmufrSKonf ( 4 'D*7D ) rS ( 8 'D*7D) twGif; qif;oufEkdifykH

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 458

7[wf,mOfwuf7ef ae7m A = 77[wf ykH( 100) wyfzGJhrsm;pk7yfae7mrS 7[wf,mOfay:wufa7mufykH 11? pDrHcsufa7;qJG7mwGif ta-ccH7rnfhtcsufrsm; sm;? 7[wf,mOfwif ppfqif a7;twGuf pDrHcsufa7;qJG7mwGif atmufygtcsufrsm;udk ta-ccHpOf;pm;7rnf = (u) 7nfrSef;csufae7ma7G;cs,f-cif;? ( c ) qif;uGif;ae7ma7G;cs,f-cif;? ( * ) wyfzJGårsm;aygif;pyfyg0ifr+owfrSwf-cif;?

(C) tidkuf77Sd-cif;/ vkH-cKHr+7Sd-cif;/ vSnhfpm;-cif;? ( i ) tcsdefowfrSwfcsufrsm;? ( p ) ypful? (q) wyfzJGåESifh7[wf,mOfaygif;pyf-cif;? ( Z ) rar#mfrSef;Edkifaomta-ctaetwGufpDrHcsuf? ( ps ) wyfquf-cif;? (n) tcsuf-yESifhqufoG,fa7;? ( Å ) tkyfcsKyfaxmufyhHr+? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 459

12? 7nfrSef;csufae7ma7G;cs,f-cif;? 7nfrSef;csufae7monf tokH;-yKrnfh 7[wf ,mOfrsm; aumif;rGefpGmppfqifEdkifonfh tuGmta0;twGif;7Sd7rnf? -zpfEdkifygu rdrdwmvwfypfvufeufrsm; ypfcwfEdkifaomtuGmta0;twGif; 7Sdoifhonf? 7nfrSef; csufudkodrf;_yD;ygu oifhavsmfpGm tokH;-yKEdkifaom tkyfcsKyfaxmufyhHr+ae7mrsm; 7Sd7 rnfht-yif 7nfrSef;csufae7monf wyfrõ;.t"du7nf7G,fcsufudk taxmuftull -yKEdkifaomae7m-zpf7rnf?

13? qif ; uG i f ; ae7ma7G ; cs,f - cif ; ? 7[wf,mOfqif;uGif;ae7monf 7efol. wdu k &f u kd yf pfvufeufrsm; ypfcwfrr+ v S w G u f if;7rnf? 7[wf,mOfqif;ouf7efEiS hf ysw H uf 7eftaetxm; aumif;rGef7rnf? 7[wf,mOf 0ifÑxGufvrf;ajumif;onf 7efol. qufoG,fa7;vrf;ajumif;rS vGwfuif;_yD; ysHoef;r+twGuf tEó7m,fray;Edkifaom ae7mrsKd;-zpf7rnfht-yif oifhavsmfpGmtokH;-yKEdkifaom t7Hae7mrsm;7dS7rnf? 7nfrSef; csufESifhqif;uGif;ae7mjum;wGif twm;tqD;r7SdoifhbJ wyfrsm;aumif;rGefpGm csDwuf Ekdif7rnf?

14? wyfzJGårsm;aygif;pyfyg0ifr+owfrSwf-cif;? yxrOD;qkH; 7[wf,mOfqif;ouf r+onf 7efoãl tay:wGif tvpftidu k 7f 7SEd ikd o f nf? 7nfreS ;f csufae7mteD;wGif qif;ouf aomyxrOD;qkH; qif;oufr+wGifyg0if7rnfh wyfzJGåt7G,ftpm;ESifh aygif;pyfzJGåpnf;r+ onf ta7;}uD;onf? aemufydkif;wGif xyfrHqif;oufonfh wyfzJGårsm;onf tvpf tidu k q f ;Hk &+;H oGm;o-zifh 7efo. l }uD;rm;aom wkã-H yefru + ckd 7H Edik o f nf? xdãk ajumifh yxrOD;pGm qif;oufrnfh wyfzåGJ onf 7efo. l wkãH -yefru + kd ckcEH ikd 7f efEiS hf qif;oufonfeh ,fa-rudk vkH-cKHpGmumuG,fEkdif7ef tiftm;vkHavmuf7rnf? 7nfrSef;csufudkodrf;ydkuf7efESifh 7efol wkHã-yefr+udkckcHEkdif7ef rdrdwyfzJGåt7G,ftpm;ESifh aygif;pyfyg0ifr+udk pOf;pm;okH;oyfI zJGåpnf;7rnf?

15? tidkuf77dS-cif;/ vkH-cKHr+7Sd-cif;ESifhvSnhfpm;-cif;? 7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7; . atmif-rifr+onf tvpftidkuf77Sdr+tay:wGifrlwnfonf? tidkuf77Sd7eftwGuf vk-H cKHr7+ adS tmif aqmif7u G 7f efEiS hf vSnpfh m;r+rsm;-yKvky7f rnf? xdo k ãkd-yKvky7f mwGif atmufyg twkdif; aqmif7Guf7onf = (u) 7efolaxmufvSrf;a7;wyfzJGårsm;onf rdrdwyfrsm;.wnfae7m/ v+yf7Sm;r+/ 7nfrSef;csuf/ csDwufr+tpDtpOfrsm;udk rod7Sdatmif aqmif7Guf7rnf? ( c ) -zpfEdkifygu 7[wf,mOfrsm; ysHwufr+/ qif;oufr+rsm;udk ntcsdef/ odkãr[kwf -rifuGif;uefãowfcsuf7Sdcsdefrsm;wGif aqmif7Guf7rnf? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 460

( * ) 7[wf,mOfysHoef;7mvrf;ajumif;rsm;onf 7efo. l cHppfpcef;rsm;/ wmwdyk pf avajumif;7efumuG,fa7;vufeufrsm;/ a-r-yifrSa0[ifypf vufeufrsm; tEó7m,frS vGwfuif;7rnf?

(C) 7efola7'grsm;udk rdrdtDvufx7Gefepfwef-yefr+vkyfief; (Electronic h u S x f m;7rnft h -yif zk;H uG,rf 7+ dS aom Counter Measure- ECM) -zifh aESmif, csOf;uyf7mvrf;ajumif;rsm;udk tokH;-yK7rnf? ( i ) 7[wf,mOftoHonf tidkuf77Sdr+udk xdcdkufapEdkifonf? xdkãajumifh 7[wf,mOfqif;oufcsdefwGif ta-rmufÑvufeuf}uD;rsm;ypfcwf-cif;/ rdrad v,mOfrsm; ysHoef;-cif;wdãk -zifh vSnpfh m;7rnf? av,mOfrsm; ysHoef;r+ -zifh vSnhfpm;7mwGif tedrfhysHoef;0ifa7muf-cif; (Low Level Flying) a-rrsufESm-yifESifh tvkdufysHoef;0ifa7muf-cif; (Countour Flying) ESifh a-r-yifEiS t hf eD;uyfyso H ef;0ifa7muf-cif; (Nap of Earth Flying) ponfh enf;vrf;rsm;-zifh tokH;-yKIvSnfhpm;Edkifonf? ( p ) rdrdtrSefwu,fqif;oufrnfhe,fa-rESifh 7nfrSef;csufudk 7efolr7dyfrdatmif t-cm;ae7mwGif 7[wf,mOfrsm; qif;oufÑysHwuf-cif;/ vSnfhpm;xm;onfh qif;oufÑysHwuf7mvrf;ajumif;rsm; tokH;-yKIvSnfhpm;7rnf? (q) avxD;wyfzJGårsm; csay;-cif;/ ppfonf&kyfwk/ ypPnf;wkrsm; csay;-cif;wdkãudk a,mif-y-yKvkyfay;7rnf?

16? tcsd e f o wf r S w f c suf r sm; sm;? pDrHcsufa7;qJG7mwGif tcsdefowfrSwfcsufrsm;udk xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;7rnf? 4if;tcsdefowfrSwfcsufrsm;rSm 7nfrSef;csufwm0ef_yD;a-rmuf 7rnfhtcsdef/ rdrdqif;oufonfhe,fa-rwGif aygif;ul;a-cukyfcdkifrmatmif wnfaqmuf _yD;-zpf7rnfhtcsdef/ yxrOD;pGm pwifqif;ouf7rnfhtcsdefESifh7[wf,mOfrsm; a-r-yif rS pwifysw H uf7rnft h csed w f ãdkyg0ifonf? (e=em7D)onf yxrqk;H wyfzåGJ rsm; qif;uGi;f wGif qif;oufonfhtcsdef-zpfonf?

17? ypf u l? 7[wf,mOfrsm;qif;oufcsdefESifhysHwufcsdefwdkãwGif vkH-cKHr+7Sd7eftwGuf umuG,fypfcwfay;7rnf? yxrOD;pGm qif;ouf_yD; aygif;ul;a-cukwfwnfaqmufae csdefwGif rdrdta-rmuf/ vufeuf}uD;rsm;onf od7Sd_yD;aom 7efolae7mrsm;udk pk&kH;ypf cwf7rnf? xdkã-yif rd+if;umrsm;csI 7efolãtuJjunfh-cif;rcH7atmif -yKvkyf7rnf? rdrd avwyfzåGJ rS avajumif;ypfu-l zifh 7[wf,mOfrsm;tm; 7efo. l ypfcwfwu kd cf u kd -f cif;/ qif;oufwu kd cf u dk af eaom wyfzåGJ rsm;tm; 7efoãl wifu h m;rsm;wdu k cf u dk -f cif;wdãk rS umuG,f ay;7rnf-zpfonf? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 461

18? wyfzJGåESifh7[wf,mOfrsm;aygif;pyf-cif;? 7[wf,mOfrsm;. ppfqifEkdifr+ tuGmta0;udk cefãrSef;wGufcsuf7rnf? 7[wf,mOfrsm;twGuf juhHcdkifa7;-yKvkyf-cif;/ qD-znfhwif;-cif;/ zkH;uG,fr+-yKvkyf-cif;ESifh t-cm;77SdEdkifaom 0efaqmifr+vkyfief;rsm;udk }uKdwifpDrHxm;7rnf? wdkufcdkufa7;wyfzJGårsm;twGuf tkyfcsKyfaxmufyhHr+udkvnf; xnfh oGif;pOf;pm;7rnf? -zpfEdkifygu tvm;wla'orsKd;wGif Zmwfwdkufavhusifhr+ -yKvkyf7rnf?

19? rar#mfrSef;Edkifaomta-ctaetwGuf pDrHcsuf? wyfrõ;onf rar#mfrSef;Edkif aom ta-ctaersm;twGuf }uKdwifpDrHr+rsm;-yKvkyfxm;7rnf? wyfrõ;onf t7Hqif; uGi;f ae7mrsm;/ yxr7nfreS ;f csuf ratmif-rifygu t7H7nfreS ;f csufae7mrsm;udk a7G;cs,f xm;7rnf?

20? wyfquf-cif;? wyfquf-cif;onf ppfqifa7;wpfckvkH;. tpdwftydkif;-zpf onf? 7[wf,mOfwifwdkufckdufa7;wyfzJGårsm;onf 7nfrSef;csuftm; wdkufcdkufodrf;ydkuf _yD;onfhtcg a-r-yifwyfzJGårsm;ESifh wyfcsif;qufI t"duppfqifa7;atmif-rifatmif qufvufaqmif7Guf7rnf? wyfquf7mwGif wyfqufrnfhae7m/ t-yeftvSefquf oG,rf nft h pDtpOf/ t-yeftvSeq f ufo, G rf nfph um;0Su/f wyfcsif;quf_yD;aemuf uGyu f J r+wdkãyg0ifonf?

21? tcsuf - yES i f h q uf o G , f a 7; 7;? 7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7;wGif qufoG,fr+ aumif;rGef7ef ta7;}uD;onf? txufXmecsKyfESifhppfqifa7;aqmif7Gufrnfh a-r-yif wyfrõ;tjum; qufoG,fr+/ ppfqifa7;aqmif7GufrnfhwyfzJGåtwGif; qufoG,fr+rsm; owfrSwfxm;7rnf? xl;-cm;aomta-ctaersm;wGif avajumif;ypful/ ta-rmufypful wdkãESifh qufoG,fEkdif7ef pDrHxm;7rnf? xdkã-yif wyfcsif;qufrnfhwyfzJGårsm;tjum; qufoG,fr+udkvnf; }uKdwifpDrH7rnf-zpfonf?

22? tkyfcsKyfaxmufyhHr+ ? wyfzJGårsm;onf ppfqifa7;umvtwGuf/ odkãr[kwf wyfcsif;qufrdonfhtcsdefxd vdktyfrnfhtkyfcsKyfaxmufyhHr+udpP7yfrsm;udk rdrdwdkãESifhwpfyg wnf; o,faqmifoGm;oifhonf? ta7;ay:tae-zifh avajumif;rS axmufyhHydkãaqmif Edkif7ef pDpOfxm;oifhonf? ppfuèrsm;wGif xrf;aqmifEkdifaomwm0efrsm; 23? 7[wf,mOfrsm;udk ppfuètoD;oD;wGif ppfenf;AsL[ma-rmuf a7$åa-ymif; o,f,lr+rsm;-yKvkyfEdkifonfht-yif omreftm;-zifh twm;tqD;-zwfausmfr+ESifh v+yf7Sm; ppfqifrr+ sm;wGif 7[wf,mOfrsm;. tok;H 0ifrr+ mS ydrk v kd t kd yfrnf-zpfonf? t-cm;ppfqif uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 462

r+rsm;t-yif aomif;usef;r+t-rpf-ywfacsr+ef;a7;ESifh yl;aygif;ppfqifa7;rsm;wGifvnf; atmufygt"duwm0efrsm;udk ay;tyfEdkifonf = (u) ppfvufeufypPnf;ESifh wyfrsm;a7$åa-ymif;a7;? ( c ) tulvufeuf}uD;rsm; a7$åa-ymif;wyf-zefãr+? ( * ) uif;axmuf-cif;/ uif;vSnfh-cif;ESifhqufqHa7;wm0efxrf;aqmifolrsm;udk o,f,lydkãaqmifay;-cif;?

(C) uGyfuJxdef;csKyfr+tzJGårsm;o,faqmifay;-cif;? ( i ) qufoG,fa7;tzJGårsm; o,faqmifay;-cif;? ( p ) ta-rmufESifha7ajumif;ypful/ ypfcwfr+xdef;odrf;7ef a0[ifrStuJjunfhay; -cif;?

24? txufyga,bk,swm0efrsm;t-yif ppfuètvkduf xrf;aqmifEdkifaom tao;pdwfwm0efrsm;rSm = (u) csDppfESifhvdkufppf? ab;eHwyfrsm;wyf-zefãr+/ t"du7efolcHppfajumif;rsm; udk a7SmifuGif;-cif;/ ab;eHwyfrsm;vkH-cKHap-cif;/ t"duusaomvrf;qkH/ vrf;usOf;/ wHwm; tp7Sdonfhae7mrsm; odrf;ydkuf7ef txl;ppfqifEkdif-cif; rsm;udk aqmif7GufEdkifonf? ( c ) wdkufppf? ydwfqdkã-zwfawmufa7;tzJGårsm; wyf-zefãEdkif-cif;/ t7efwyfrsm;/ t-refwyfrsm; zJGåpnf;Ekdif-cif;/ a,mif-yppfqifa7;rsm;wGif vSnhfpm;wyf-zefã r+-yKvkyfEdkif-cif;rsm;udk aqmif7GufEdkifonf? ( * ) cGmppfESifh[efãppf? aemufcsefwyfrsm; a7$åa-ymif;ay;Ekdif-cif;/ vrf;ajumif; wpfav#mufvkH-cKHa7;wyfzJGårsm; wyf-zefãay;Ekdif-cif;/ umwyf/ umuif;ESifh ab;eH wyfrsm; wyf-zefãay;Edik -f cif;/ azmufczGJ suq f ;D -cif;tzJåG ESihf umypftzJåG rsm; a7$å a-ymif;o,f,lay;-cif;rsm;udk aqmif7GufEdkifonf?

(C) cH p pf? wef-yefwdkufppfwyfzJGåESifh t7Hwyfrsm;udk a7$åa-ymif;ay;-cif;/ cHppf a'otwGif; jum;uGufvyfrsm;tm; vSnfhuif;-zifhpdk;rdk;ay;Edkif-cif;/ twm; tqD;rsm; aqmufvkyfonfhtif*sifeD,mwyfzJGårsm; a7$åa-ymif;ay;Ekdif-cif;rsm; aqmif7GufEdkifonf?

25? aomif;usef;r+ESdrfeif;a7; ppfqifa7;rsm;wGif 7[wf,mOfwifwyfzJGårsm;udk atmufygwm0efrsm; ay;tyfEdkifonf = uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 463

(u) a7Såwef;ta-ccspcef;}uD;rsm; wnfaqmuf7mwGif yg0ifEdkif-cif;? ( c ) }uD;juyfe,fa-rwpfckwnfaqmufcsJåxGif7mwGif yg0ifEdkif-cif;? ( * ) ,mOfwef;vkH-cKHa7;t-zpf tapmifhvdkufyg7mwGif yg0ifEdkif-cif;?

(C) 7efolãta-ctaeapmifhjuyfjunfh&+7mwGif yg0ifEdkif-cif;?

26? ,cifu 7[wf,mOfwifppfqifa7;udk AsL[ma-rmuf wGifus,fpGmtokH;-yKEdkif -cif;r7SdbJ ppfvufeufypPnf;rsm; o,f,lydkãaqmifay;-cif;/ ppfa-r-yifrSvlemrsm;tm; a7$åa-ymif;-cif;rsm;wGif tokH;-yKcJhjuonf? acwfopfppfyJGrsm;wGif 7[wf,mOfwif ppfqifa7;udk AsL[ma-rmufwGifus,fpGm tokH;-yKvmonfudk awGå7Sd7onf? 7[wf,mOf wifppfqifa7;onf a-r-yif7Sd obm0ESifhvlvkyftwm;tqD;rsm;udk a7SmifuGif;ausmf -zwfI ppfqifEdkifpGrf;7Sdo-zifh rsm;pGmxda7mufr+7Sdayonf?

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 464 aemuf q uf w J G (i)

tDvufx7Gefepfppfrufa7;7m (ELECTRONIC

WARFARE)

1? rsufarSmufppfyJGrsm;tay:avhvmcsuft7aomfvnf;aumif;/ tem*wfppfyJG rsm;ESifhpyfvsOf;I urBmhppfokawoDrsm;. wpfnDwpfnGwfwnf; okH;oyfcsuft7 aomfvnf;aumif;/ ppfyJGwGif tDvufx7Gefepfenf;ynmomvGefr+u tqkH;t-zwfay; rnf-zpfajumif; avhvmawGå7Sd7onf? wpfzufESifhwpfzufonf tDvufx7Gefepf enf;ynmomvGefr+-zifh (C4I) ac:uGyfuJr+(Command)/ xdef;csKyfr+(Control)/ qufoG,fr+ (Communications)/ tcsuftvufrSwfwrf;rsm; (Computers)/ axmufvrS ;f a7;pepf (Intelligence) rsm;udk t"duxm;acsr+e;f juonf? ,if;wGif qufoG,fr+/ tcsuftvufrSwfwrf;rsm;ESifh axmufvSrf;a7;pepfwdkãonf uGyfuJr+ ESifhxdef;csKyfr+udk taxmuftul-yKaompepfrsm;-zpfay7m t"dutqkH;t-zwfay;rnfh uGyfuJr+ESifhxdef;csKyfr+wdkã zsufqD;7eftwGuf tqdkygpepfokH;ckudk OD;pGm_zKdzsuf-cif;-zifh vufOD;r+ESifhtompD;7r+wdkãudk 77Sdonf? tDvufx7Gefepfppfrufa7;7m.vkyfief;pOfokH;rsKd; 2? a-cvsifwyf7if;wpf7if;tae-zifh wyfrõ;rsm;. uGyfuJr+ESifh}uD;juyfr+wdkãonf v#yfppfvd+if;rsm;xkwfv$ifhr+ (Electronic Emission) tultnD-zifh trsm;qkH; aqmif7Guf7ayrnf? yrm%}uD;rm;aom wyfzJGã}uD;rsm;yifv#if ,if;v#yfppfvd+if;rsm; xkwfv$ifhr+tultnDudk us,f-yefãpGm7,lokH;pJGI aqmif7Guf7onf-zpf7m atmufyg tDvufx7Gefepfppfrufa7;7mvkyfief;pOf okH;rsKd;. oabmobm0udk od7Sdem;vnf xm;7efvdkrnf-zpfayonf = (u) tcsuftvufpkaqmif;-cif;ÑaxmufvSrf;azmfxkwf-cif; [Electronic Support Measure (ESM)]? ( c ) aESmif, h u S -f cif;Ñzsuq f ;D -cif; [Electronic Counter Measure (ECM)]? ( * ) wm;qD;-cif;ÑumuG,-f cif; (Electronic Counter -Counter Measure (ECCM)]? tcsuftvufpkaqmif;-cif;ÑaxmufvSrf;azmfxkwf-cif; (Electronic 3?

Support Measure -ESM)? 7efol.tDvufx7Gefepfxkwfv$ifhr+tm; avhvmqef; ppf_yD; ,if;xkwfv$ifhr+rS 7efol.owif;rsm;tm; pkaqmif;-cif;-zpfygonf? 4if;wdkãwGif jum;-zwfzrf;,l-cif; (Interception) / 7yf!$ef;puf (Direction Finder) uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 465

rsm;-zifh 7efolãqufoG,fa7;puf. wnfae7m7SmazG-cif;/ a7'g-zifh 7efol.av,mOf/ oabFm rsm;tm; axmufvrS ;f -cif;/ qufo, G af 7;_*dK[fwrk sm;/ t-rifyh saH v,mOfysrH sm;tok;H -yKI a-r-yif7Sd7efol.wyftcif;tusif;tm; "mwfykH&dkuful;axmufvSrf;_yD; 77Sdonfh "mwfykHrsm;tm; rdrdwyfrsm;odkã qufvufay;ydkã-cif;rsm; yg0ifonf? 7efol.'kH;ysHypf cwfr+wGif ypfv$wfonfhae7mtm; ,if;'kH;ysHa-r-yifodkãusa7mufaygufuJGr+r-zpfrD tcsdef wGif a7'g-zifhtokH;-yK7SmazG-cif;ESifh wpfurBmvkH;odkã qufoG,fa-ymqdkEdkifaom (Globalstar / Iridium / Odyssey) ponfh _*dK[fww k ,fvzD ek ;f pepfrsm; tok;H -yK -cif;tm;-zifh zkef;a-ymcsdefrSwfwrf;wif-cif;/ usoifhaiGaumufcH-cif;wdkã aqmif7Gufrnfh a-r-yif7x dS ed ;f csKyfa7;pcef; (Control Station) rsm;rSaeI jum;-zwfzrf;,lem;axmif Edkif-cif;wdkãvnf; yg0ifonf? ,if;xdef;csKyfa7;pcef;rsm;onf rsm;aomtm;-zifh zHGã_zKd; _yD;EdkifiH}uD;rsm;Y trsm;qkH;7Sd_yD; vdktyfygu ppfbufrS 0ifa7mufxdef;odrf;oGm;rnfh ta-ctaewGif7Sdajumif; okH;oyf7onf?

4? azmf-yygpepfrsm;-zifh rdrdtwGuf tusKd;7SdEdkifqkH;aom owif;rsm;udk wwfEkdif or#-ynfhpkHatmif azmfxkwf7mwGif wyf7if;tqifhvdktyfaom u|rf;usifvkyfom;ESifh tqifh-rifhenf;ynmokH;pufud7d,mrsm; 77SdEdkifr+rS uefãowfcsuf7Sdaumif;7Sdvdrfhrnf -zpfonf? odkã7mwGif rdrdawGãjuKH7ifqdkif7rnfh 7efolonf rdrdxufenf;ynmomvGefaom pepfrsm; vuf0,fxm;7Sdonf-zpfygu ,if;wdkãtae-zifh xdkenf;vrf;rsm;twdkif; rvGJ raoG-yKvkyfvmrnfudk owd-yK7rnf-zpfonf? wyfrõ;rsm;tae-zifh rdrdpGrf;aqmifEdkifor# twGif;rS taumif;qkH;vkyfaqmif7rnfh enf;vrf;rSm 7efolESifhtrsKd;wlqufoG,fa7; puf (AM.FM)rsm;-zifh 7Edkifor# jum;-zwfzrf;,l-cif;ESifh txufXmeESifh t-rJr-ywf qufoG,fI acsmÑqufom;enf;-zifh wpfqifh7,l-cif;wdkã-zpfonf? tvm;wlyif vdktyfcsuft7 7yf!$ef;pufrsm; wyfqifay;vmrnfqdkygu xda7mufpGmtokH;csEdkif a7;enf;vrf;udkvnf; }uKdwifavhvm-cif;/ qufoG,fa7;vkyfom;rsm;udk avhusifh ay;xm;-cif;wdkãudk aqmif7Gufxm;EdkifpGrf;7Sd7ayrnf? aESmifh,Suf-cif;ÑzsufqD;-cif; (Electronic Counter Measure5?

ECM)? ECM qdkonfrSm 7efol.v#yfppfvd+if;rsm;xkwfv$ifhr+ (Electronic Emission) udk aESmifh,SufzsufqD;-cif;yif-zpfayonf? omrefta-ctaewGif qufoG,fa7; taESmifh t,SuEf iS ahf 7'gtaESmift h ,Suf (Communication Jammer& Radar Jammer) rsm;okH;I udk,fwdkifzsufqD;aESmifh,Suf-cif;udk aqmif7GufEdkifrnf-zpfaomf vnf; }uKdwifar#mfawG;xm;7rnfh us,f-yefãjum-rifhaom ppfyJGrsm;twGufudkrl trmcHrsm;/ ta,mifaqmifrsm;arG;-rLI a-ray:Ña-ratmufvdkif;}uKd;rsm;/ qifhurf;pufrsm;/ uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 466

a-ratmuf zefr#ifvdkif;}udK;rsm;. wnfae7mudk tcsdefwdktwGif; 7Ekdifor# pkHprf; azmfxkwfay;Ekdif7rnf-zpfonf? ,if;pkHprf;azmfxkwf77Sdcsufonf (junf;)(a7) (av) yl;aygif;ppfupm;Ekdifrnfh ppfqifa7;rõ;}uD;rsm;twGuf vGefpGmwefzdk;7Sdrnf-zpfonf? uGefref'dkwyfzJGårsm;zJGåI pdrfh0ifazmufcJGzsufqD;-cif;udk aqmif7Gufay;Edkifrnf-zpfonf? rsufarSmufacwfppfyJG om"ursm;wGif rnfonfhtkyfpkrqdk ppfyJGwpfyJGudk pwifykHrSm (ECM) pepfudk yxrqkH;tokH;-yK-cif;-zpfonf? yxrqkH;aomwkdufyJGonf 7efol. a7'gudk a7SmifuGif;um xdka7'gudkzsufqD;-cif;-zpfonf? Todkã-zifh avajumif;7ef umuG,fa7;pepf twkdif;twmwpfcktxd ysufpD;oGm;csdefrSom uGyfuJr+/ xdef;csKyfr+ ae7mrsm;odkã qufvufwdkufyJG0ifajumif; avhvmawGå7SdEdkifrnf-zpfygonf? odkã-zpf7m aESmif, h u S zf sufq;D -cif;tydik ;f Y omrefa7'D,pkd ufi,frsm;-zifh aESmif, h u S o f rH sm; v$ix hf w k f -cif;rS pI aumif;uifwiG f wnf_idrpf mG 7yfwnfEikd af om av,mOftrsKd;tpm;rsm;ay:wGif aESmifh,Sufpuf (Jammer)rsm; wyfqifI aESmifh,SufoHrsm; v$ifhxkwf-cif;/ qifhurf; pufrsm; (Micro-Wave Tower, Relay Station)/ a7'gpcef;rsm;/ a-ratmufvikd ;f }uKd;rsm;udk AkH;juJzsufqD;-cif;ESifh azmufcJGzsufqD;-cif;rsm; tusKH;0ifonf? rdrdvkyfaqmif Edkifonfhenf;vrf;/ 7efolvkyfaqmifvmEdkifonfhenf;vrf;rsm;udk tcsdefESifhwpfa-y;nD okH;oyfoGm;Edkif7efrSm txl;a7;t}uD;ayonf?

6? aESmifh,SufzsufqD;-cif;udk ta-ctaeESifhvdkufavsmnDaxGpGm aqmif7Guf7ef twGuf wyfrõ;wnf7Sd7m ae7mrS}uD;juyfxdef;odrf;v#if ydkrdkaumif;rGefonf? odkã7mwGif vdktyfonfhtcg uGyfuJr+udk vufatmufodkã tm%m-zefãa0ay;xm;7rnf? zdzsuf aESmifh,Suf-cif;udk }uKdwifpDrHcsufa7;qJGaqmif7Gufxm;Edkif7rnf? wdkufyJGtwGif;Y tusKd;7Sdv#if csufcsif;vkyfaqmifEkdif7rnf? wdkufyJGrprDuyif 7efol.uGyfuJr+ESifh xdef;csKyfr+vd+if;E+ef;rsm;/ ta7;}uD;axmufvSrf;a7;owif;rsm; pkaqmif;7ef owfrSwf xm;aom t7Hvd+if;E+ef;rsm;udk od7Sdatmif aqmif7Gufxm;7rnf? rdrdESifhrdrd. r[mrdwf wdãk tok;H -yK7ef cJaG 0owfrw S x f m;aom vdi+ ;f E+e;f rsm;udk umuG,x f m;_yD; 7efoãl vi+d ;f E+e;f ESihf eD;pyfygu rdrd.zdzsufaESmifh,Sufr+ajumifh rvdkvm;tyfaom ab;xGufqdk;usKd;rsm; oufa7mufvmEdkifonfudk owd-yK7rnf? taumif;qkH;aomtusKd;aus;Zl;rSm rdrd. zdzsufr+pGrf;tm;udk wpfpkwpfpnf;wnf;tokH;-yK-cif;ESifh ta7;}uD;qkH;aom tcsdefwGif t"dua7G;cs,fxm;onfh ypfrSwftay: tcsdefudkufzsufqD;Edkifr+7Sd-cif;-zpfonf? aESmifh,SufzsufqD;-cif;onf uefãowfcsdefwpfcktwGif;Yom xda7mufr+7Sdrnf-zpf7m 7efolonf xdkzsufqD;r+rS vGwfa-rmufatmifenf;vrf;7Sm-cif;/ wef-yef-cif;wdkã -yK vkyfxm; Edkifonf? odkã-zpfI ypftm;uGyfuJr+pufrsm;/ a0[ifÑa-r-yif qufoG,fr+ pepfrsm;ESihf t7Hxyfxw k , f o l ;Hk pJEG ikd rf nfh qufo, G rf v + rf;ajumif;wdãkukd t"du7SmazGaESmif, h u S -f uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 467

-cif;rsm;u tusK;d oufa7mufr+ ydrk 7kd 7Sad prnf-zpfonf? vSnpfh m;-cif;-zifh 7efoltwGuf rdro d wif;rSm;rsm;udk zrf;,lrad p_yD; ok;H oyfcsufrmS ;,Gi;f atmif -yKvkyEf ikd o f nf? ,if;wGif oD;-cm;vdi+ ;f E+e;f Y [efaqmifxw k v f i$ -hf cif;ESihf 7efo. l qufajumif;twGi;f odãk ,if;wdãk . pufrsm;[k xif-rif,q l oGm;atmif ta,mifaqmif0ifa7mufqufo, G -f cif;wdãk -zpf onf? ta,mifaqmifqufoG,f-cif;twGuf bmompum;rwlnDygu 7efol.bmom pum;t-yif av,lavodr;f udu k n f o D v l yk o f m;rsm;udk tok;H csEikd o f nf? 4if;t-yif t-ynf -ynfqikd 7f m uGeyf sLwmuGe, f uf (International Computer Network) twGi;f odãk 0ifa7mufIaESmifh,Suf-cif;/ vkyfaqmifr+pepf (Software) rsm;wGif uarmufur -zpfapaomv#yful;r+ (Virus) rsm; xnfhokH;I v#Kdå0Suf-zefãa0-cif; enf;vrf;udkvnf; od7x dS m;Edik 7f rnf? wyf7if;XmecsKyYf uGeyf sLwmqufo, G af 7; (Data Communication) pepfwyfqifxm;rnfqdkv#if 7efolu OD;pGm vkyfaqmifvmEdkif rnf-zpfonfudk owd -yK7rnf-zpfonf? aESmifh,Suf-cif;onf wkdufyJGuGyfuJxdef;odrf;r+ pepfudk zsufqD;7mwGif xda7mufaomenf;vrf;wpfck-zpfonf? 7efolonf 4if;. v$ifhpufxuf zrf;pufudk ydrk *kd &kpu kd af vh7o dS nf? (HF/VHF) pufrsm;-zifh toHvi$ hf aESmif, h u S rf u + kd wyf7if;tqifw h iG f aqmif7GufEdkifpGrf;7Sd7ayrnf? aESmifh,SufoHrsm;teuf vd+if;E+ef;ESifhtoHus,favmifr+udk usyef ; -zpf a y:apaom a7'D , d k q l n H o H o nf txd a7muf q k H ; -zpf o nf ? omrefaemufcHqlnHoHESifh qifwl_yD; toHtm;vkH;udk pGrf;tif usqif;oGm;ayonf? qufoG,fa7;vkyfom;rsm;tae-zifh zdzsufr+ajumifh/ odkãr[kwf avxkajumifhqdkonfudk a0cJGr7-zpfaponf? xdktcsufajumifhyif 7efolonfumuG,f -cif; (ECCM) udk aqmif 7 G u f 7 ef owd r 7-zpf o G m ;apEd k i f o nf ? tvm;wl y if zd z suf p uf u d k wd;k vdu k u f s,v f u kd x f w k v f i$ -hf cif;-zifh 7efo. l zrf;pufwiG f jum;wpfcsu/f rjum;wpfcsuf -zpfay:ap_yD; qufoG,fa7;vkyfom;tae-zifh pdwftaESmifht,Suf-zpfum vkyfief; tay: pdwfysufr+-zpfay:aponf? *DwoH/ atmfoH/ vufckyfwD;oH ponf-zifh toH trsKd;rsKd;udk oGif;,lIvnf; aESmifh,SufEdkifonf? &dk;pif;aomenf;-zpfI 7efolrSzdzsuf aeajumif; csufcsif;odEidk _f yD; tcsdew f t kd wGi;f vdi+ ;f E+e;f a-ymif;um qufo, G rf q + ufvuf -yKvkyfEdkifonf? wm;qD;-cif;ÑumuG,f-cif; (Electronic Counter - Counter 7?

Measure -ECCM)? rdrd.tDvufxa7mepfenf;ynmtokH;-yKxkwfv$ifhr+tm; 7efolrS rzsufqD;/ raESmifh,SufEdkif7efESifh jum;-zwfrzrf;,lEdkifap7ef tDvufx7Gefepf xkwfv$ifh r+enf;ynmxde;f odr;f aqmif7u G -f cif; (Emission Control) yif-zpfonf? ,if;pepfwiG f taumif;qkH;enf;vrf;rSm ppfyJGumvta7;}uD;csdefwGif qufoG,fa7; 7yfqdkif;xm;r+ (Radio Silence) -yKvky-f cif;-zpfonf? 4if;t-yif zefr#ie f ef;}uKd; (Fibre Optic) uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 468

ok;H w,fvzD ek ;f rsm; tok;H -yK-cif;/ (Trpo-Scatter Radio/ Frequency Hopping Set) rsm; tok;H -yK-cif;/ (Data Transmission, Merod Burst Transmission, f qmif7u G f Edik o f nf?

Encryption Device)rsm; wyfqiftok;H -yK-cif;rsm;-zifh umuG,a a7'D,dktoHwdwf-cif;-yKvkyf7mwGifrl }uKdwifI t}udrf}udrf Zmwfwdkufavhusifhr+ -yKvkyfxm;7ayrnf?

8? txufygwdkãt-yif (ECCM) pepfwGif qufoG,fr+ar;a-zpum;0Sufrsm; tokH; -yK-cif;/ a7'D,dktac:ESifhvd+if;E+ef;rsm;udk rjumc%a-ymif;vJ-cif; ponfh&dk;7Sif;vG,ful onfhenf;vrf;rsm;vnf; yg0ifrnf-zpfonf? aumif;uif}uKd;Ñwdkif. rlwnf7mt7yf rsufEmS ESiv hf t kd yfonft h enf;qk;H xkwv f i$ rhf u + kd tok;H -yK-cif;rsm;/ xkwv f i$ chf sdeu f kd tenf; qkH;-zpfatmif avsmhcsr+/ -ywfawmif;-ywfawmif;xkwfv$ifhr+rsm;ESifh 7efolESifhrdrd qufoG,fa7;puftjum; awmifukef;/ taqmufttkHuJhodkã tumtuG,ftwm; tqD;rsm;7Sdae-cif;wdkãudkvnf; wyfrõ;rsm;tae-zifh aumif;pGm*&k-yKaqmif7GufEkdif7ay rnf?

9? wdkufyJGwGif qufoG,fr+udk tenf;qkH; tokH;-yKwwfap7ef }uKdwif-yifqifxm; 7ayrnf? 7efol.tDvufxa7mepfppfqifa7;onf trSwfrxif vkyfaqmifaom udpPrsKd;r[kwfbJ pepfwuspDrHxm;aomenf;AsL[m-zpfajumif; }uKdwifar#mfawG;Edkif 7rnf? ECCM enf;pepfrsm;udk pepfwustokH;csEdkifrnfqkdygu 7efoltwGuf ta7;}uD;aom axmufvSrf;csufrsm; r77SdawmhbJ rdrd.wdkufyJG0ifr+udk _cdrf;a-cmuf EdkifpGrf;avsmhyg;oGm;rnf-zpfonf? wyf7if;tqifhwGif t"duxm;I aESmifh,SufcH7rnf rSm a7'D,dkqufoG,fa7;pepf-zpfonfhtm;avsmfpGm vSnfhpm;7efaumif;uif}uKd;Ñwdkif twkrsm;axmifxm;7rnf? trSeftokH;-yKrnfh }uKd;ÑwdkiftwGufvnf; t7Hwpfck axmifxm;Ekdif7rnf? a7'D,dkpufudk rjumc%ae7ma7$åay;7rnf? wpfae7mwnf;Y em7DÑ7ufaygif;rsm;pGm wyfqifxm;ygu ykHaoypfrSwf-zpfvmEdkifonfudk *&k-yK7rnf? txufXmecsKyfEiS q hf ufo, G af ompufrsm;/ uGyu f rJ w + m0efcpH ufrsm;/ tkycf sKyfrp+ ufrsm;udk XmecsKyfae7mwGif pk-yKHxm;-cif;xuf ae7mtESHã-zefãcJGxm;Edkif7rnf? odkãrSom pufwpfvkH; ysufpD;ygu t-cm;pufwpfvkH;rS tcsdefrD0ifa7muf wm0ef,lay;Edkif7rnf-zpfonf?

-zpfEdkifygu 7yf!$ef;aumif;uifwdkifrsm; wnfaqmuftokH;-yKEdkif7rnf? !$ef;7yf7Sm aumif;uifwdkifonf t7yfrsufESmwpfzufwnf;odkã OD;pm;ay;xkwfv$ifh-cif;-zpf_yD; rdrd v$ifhtm;udk ydkrdkwdk;wufapouJhodkã 7efol.jum;-zwfzrf;,lEkdifr+pGrf;tifudk avsmhus oGm;aponf? rdrx d w k v f i$ rhf u + rkd aESmif, h u S b f J 7efo. l jum;-zwfzrf;,lru + kd tumtuG,f ay;Edkifrnfhobm0ESifh vlvkyftwm;tqD;rsm;udk tokH;cs7rnf? a7'D,dkqufoG,fa7;rS uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 469

rdrdowif;aygufjum;Edkifaom aju;eef;apmifa7 a-rmuf-rm;pGmay;ydkã-cif;/ 7Snfvsm; aomaju;eef;rsm;ay;ydãk -cif;/ t7m7St d csif;csif; zke;f Ñpufay:wGif t-yeftvSef qufo, G f a-ymqdk7mY qif-cifr+r7Sd-cif;/ aju;eef;pmrsm; ykHpHtoGifo,faqmif-cif;ÑykHao oabma7;om;-cif;/ vkH-cKHr+xufvsif-refr+udkOD;pm;ay;vGef;-cif;/ rdrd0Sufpm 7efolã vufodkãusa7muf-cif;Ñayghqr+ajumifhaysmufqkH;-cif;/ 0Sufpm!$efjum;csufvdkufem7ef ysufuGuf-cif;/ tqifhrrSDaom0Sufpmrsm;udk wDxGiftokH;-yK-cif;/ qufoG,fa7; vkH-cKHr+twGuf ppfaq;juyfrwfr+tm;enf;-cif;ESifh qufoG,fr+pnf;urf;vdkufem7ef ysufuGuf-cif;rsm; r-zpfyGm;apa7;*&k-yKaqmif7Guf7rnf? qufoG,fa7;vkyfom;ESifh a7'D,dkpufrsm;udk wyfcJGwpfcJGrSwpfcJGodkã tvsif;oifhovdk a-ymif;a7$åay;7rnf? qufoG,fa7;vkyfom;.toHESifhav,lavodrf;udkvnf;aumif;/ a7'D,dkpufrsm;. uJG-ym;aom b,foHÑnmoHrsm;udkvnf;aumif; 7efol.txl;avhusifhxm;aom qufoG,fr+axmufvSrf;a7;tzJGåu azmfxkwfay;EkdifpGrf;7Sdonfudk owd-yK7rnf?

10?

ECCM pepfudk pepfwusavhusifh-cif;ESifh t-cm;aumif;rGefaomvkyfxkH; vkyfenf;/ qufoG,fr+enf;vrf;rsm;udk wyfrõ;wdkif;onf pDrHaqmif7Gufxm;Edkif7rnf? tDvufx7GefepfypPnf;ud7d,mrsm;-zifh okH;pJGoltm;vkH;onf rdrdwdkãtm; _cdrf;a-cmuf r+tEó7m,ft-rJ7Sdaeajumif;udk em;vnfxm;ap7efrSm wyfrõ;wdkif;.wm0ef-zpfayonf?

11? wdk;wufaomtDvufx7GefepfqufoG,fr+pepfudk tokH;-yKolrsm;onf rdrdudk,f udk vkH-cKHatmifumuG,fxm;ouJhodkã 7efol.vkH-cKHr+ysuf-ym;atmif pGrf;aqmifEdkif7ef t-rJwDxGifjuHqvsuf 7Sdaejuayonf? odkã-zpfI ppfa-r-yifwGif awGãjuKH7rnfh ta-ctaeESifhoabmobm0tay:rlwnfum azmf-yyg (ESM, ECM, ECCM) wdkãudk vd k u f a vsmnD a xG p G m a-ymif ; vJ t ok H ; csEd k i f p G r f ; 7S d - cif ; -zif h 7nf r S e f ; csuf atmif-rifr+udk rsm;pGmtaxmuftul-yKEdkifrnf-zpfayonf? aemuf q uf w J G ( p)

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 470

a-ymuf u sm;7ef u muG , f a 7; taxGaxG? a-ymufusm;ppfqifa7;. xl;-cm;aom0daoo vuQ%mrsm;t7 1? a-ymufusm;7efumuG,af 7;udk orm;&d;k usppfqifenf;rsm; tok;H -yK_yD; acsre+ ;f 7efrvG,u f l ajumif; ordkif;om"ursm;t7 od7SdEdkifonf? a-ymufusm;ppfonf EdkifiHa7;ESifhppfa7; aygif;pyfI vlxk.pGrf;tm;udk ta-ccHxm;onfh ppfr[mAsL[m-zpfonf? odkã-zpfI 4if;udk ppfa7;oufouf-zifh-zpfap/ EkdifiHa7;enf;oufouf-zifh-zpfap acsr+ef;wdkufckduf 7efrSm vG,fulaom vkkyfief;r[kwfay? a-ymufusm;7efumuG,fa7;ukd tqifhÑtykdif; vku d af qmif7u G 7f mY Ekid if aH 7;ESiphf pfa7;ukd tcsKd;usraygif;pyfrD a-ymufusm;wkãd . ppfa7;/ EkdifiHa7;ta-ctaeukd wduspGmod7Sdatmif }udK;yrf;7efvkdtyfonf? a-ymufusm; ppfr[mAsL[mt7 a-ymufusm;wkdãwGif ppfr[mAsL[mt7 cHppfumv (Phase of Strategic Defence)/ ppfr[mAsL[mt7 ppf_ydKifumv (Phase of Equilibrium)/okdãr[kwf wef-yefxkd;ppft}uKdumvESifh ppfr[mAsL[mt7 wef-yef xkd;ppf}uD;umv (Phase of Strategic Counter Offensive) [lIt"duumvtykdif;t-cm;}uD; okH;ykdif;7Sdonf? a-ymufusm;wkdãonf 4if;tykdif;okH;ykdif; -zifh ppfqifjuonf-zpf7m rdrdwdkãacsr+ef;rnhfa-ymufusm;rsm;onf rnfonfhta-c taea7muf7Sdonfukd od7SdrSom acsr+ef;a7; enf;vrf;rSefuefayrnf? a-ymuf usm;7efumuG,fa7;/ okdãr[kwf wef-yefa-ymufusm;ppfqifa7;ukd raqmif7GufrD a-ymufusm;rsm;. tcuftcJ-y\emrsm;ESifh 4if;wkdã.oabmobm0ukd a7S;OD;pGm avhvm7efvkdtyfonf?

2? a-ymufusm;acgif;aqmifwkdã. yxrqkH;-y\emrSm awmfvSef;a7;qifEJ$7ef pwifpnf;&kH;v+yf7Sm;a7;-zpfonf? a-ymufusm;ppfqifa7;onf -zpfEkdifor# rdrd ta-ccHe,fa-rtwGif;rS pwif7rnf? t-cm;a'orSpwifolrsm;tzkdã a'ocHvlxktm; pnf;&kH;7mwGif ta-ccHpnf;&kH;rnfhtajumif;7if;onf trsKd;om;a7;vuQ%mESifh ywfoufae7rnf? trsKd;om;a7;vuQ%mraqmifv#if xdka-ymufusm;acgif;aqmif twGuf pnf;&kH;a7;rSm}uD;pGmaom -y\emwpf7yf-zpf.? -ynfolvlxktm; pnf;&kH; v+ãH aqmf7ef 0g'-zefãra+ umif;pGm-yKvky7f onf? Todãk pwifpnf;&k;H 7mwGif tajumufw7m; -zifh _cdrf;a-cmufpnf;&kH;ygu tEó7m,fonf rdrdbufodkã-yefvSnfhwwfayonf?

3? a-ymufusm;wkdãonf -ynfolrsm;tm;v+Hãaqmf7mwGif e,fpGefe,fzsm;qufoG,fr+ cufcJaoma'o7Sd t-rifrus,faomvlxkukd ta-ccHonf? qif;7JEGrf;yg;I rdrdb0ukd auseyfr+r7Sdaom vlwef;pm;tm; ta-ccHItpkd;7tay: wef-yefv+Hãaqmfpnf;&kH; uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 471

-cif;onf tvG,fulqkH;-zpfonf? xkdãt-yif vkH-cKHa7;t7 tpkd;7.tm%mv$rf;rkd;r+ ESihf a0;uGmaoma'o-zpfygu a-ymufusm;rsm;twGuf ykI d vk-H cKHonf? trmcHa-ymufusm; ppfonfwpfOD; 77Sdvmatmif pnf;&kH;Ekdifr+rSm tpkd;7tay: 4if;a-ymufusm;. pdwfykdif;Ñ &kyfykdif;qkdif7memusnf;csufrsm; t-ynfht07Sdae7efvkdtyfonf? xkdãajumifh tpkd;7onf tusifhpm7dwWaumif;rGefonfh 0efxrf;rsm; tqkdyga'orsm;wGifxm;7Sd7ef vkdtyfonf?

4? a-rrsufESmoGif-yifESifhpyfvsOf;I qufoG,fr+cufcJaom awmawmifxlxyfonfh a'orsm;wGif a-ymufusm;wkdã. ta-ccHpcef;ukdwnfaqmufavh7Sdonf? okdãaomf -cKHckd-cif;ESifh pnf;eif;wkdufckduf-cif;rsm;ukd qufoG,fa7;vrf;ajumif;ESifh tkyfcsKyfr+a'o rsm;wGif oGm;a7mufI vG,fulpGmaqmif7GufEkdif7rnf? ta7;}uD;qkH;tcsufrSm a-ymufusm;ppfrS orm;&kd;usppfokdã ul;a-ymif;7ef tcsdefa7G;cs,f-cif;yif-zpfonf? Todkã a7G;cs,fEkdif7efrSm rdrdtiftm;ta-ctaeESifh tpkd;7wyfrsm;. tiftm;ta-ctaerSefukd em;vnf;od7SdrSom -zpfEkdifayrnf? a-ymufusm;ppfukdvkdtyfonfxuf jum7SnfpGm tcsdefqJGxm;ygu -ynfolvlxk.pdwf"mwfukd jum7SnfpGmv+HåaqmfEkdifr+ukd rxdef;odrf; EkdifbJ awmfvSefa7;usqkH;oGm;wwfonf? txufyg-y\emrsm;tay: rlwnfI wef-yefa-ymufusm;ppfqifr+ -yKvkyfonfhtcgwGif tcGifhaumif;,lI vkyfaqmif7rnf?

5? wef-yefa-ymufusm;ppfqifa7;(a-ymufusm;7efumuG,fa7;)wGif tjurf;tm; -zifhtykdif;}uD;okH;ykdif; awGå-rifEkdifonf? 4if;wkdãrSm a-ymufusm;wkdãukd ppfqifa7;t7 zdtm;ay;-cif;/ -ynfolESifhtquf-zwf-cif;ESifh tpkd;7.joZmtm%mukd xda7mufatmif aqmif7Guf-cif;wkdã-zpfonf? ,ckrsufarSmufacwfwGif acwfpm;vmaom wef-yef a-ymufusm;acsr+ef;a7;/ odkãr[kwf aomif;usef;olt-rpf-ywfacsr+ef;a7; vufeufrSm ûvk-H cKaH 7;ESizhf ãH_G zK;d a7;ü (Security and Development) [laomt,ltqyif-zpfonf?

6? vkH-cKHa7;tykdif;wGif ppfqifa7;ESifhvkH-cKHa7;[lI xyfrHcJG-cm;Ekdifonf? ppfqifa7; tykdif;wGif tiftm;}uD;rm;pGm-zifh acsr+ef;-cif;/ uGuf-ynfheif;-cif;/ xufjuyfvkdufppfqif -cif;ESifh wpf_yKdifeufacsr+ef;-cif;rsm; yg0ifonf? vkH-cKHa7;tykdif;wGif-ynfolvlxk. vkH-cKHa7;/ qufoG,fa7;vrf;ajumif; ta7;}uD;taqmufttkHrsm;ESifh ta7;}uD;yk8~Kdvf rsm;.vkH-cKHa7;rsm; tusKH;0ifayonf?

7? zGHã_zKd;a7;vkyfief;rsm;rSm rsm;pGmus,f0ef;vSonf? a'ozGHã_zKd;a7;aqmif7Guf&kH -zifhvkyfief;r_yD;pD;acs? zGHã_zKd;a7;aqmif7GufEkdif7ef tzJGåtpnf;rsm;ukd pepfwuszJGåpnf; ay;7rnf? Tvkyfief;rSmEkdifiHa7;vkyfief;-zpfonf? a-ymufusm;wkdã. ta-ccHpnf;&kH; v+Håaqmfr+ukd wef-yef&kdufcsKd;Ekdif7ef t7nftaoG;-ynfh0aom wef-yefpnf;&kH;a7;tzJGå tpnf;/ -yefjum;a7;tzJGåtpnf;rsm;-zifh a-ymufusm;wkdã. pnf;&kH;a7;r+dif;rdaeaom uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 472

vlxkukd -yefvnfpnf;&kH;7rnf-zpfonf? a-ymufusm;ppfr[mAsL[mtqifh(1)tpykdif; wGif vG,fulaomfvnf; a-ymufusm;wkdãu a77Snfpnf;&kH;xm;aomvlxktm; tpJGc|wf 7efrSmtcsdef,l7onf? pdwf7Snf_yD;oabmxm;}uD;7onf? vkyfief;rSm twif;tjuyf -zifhvkyfukdif-cif;xuf 4if;wkdã.oabmobm0ukd avhvmIaqmif7Guf-cif;u ykdI oifhavsmfayonf? a-ymufusm;wkdã. ta-ccHpcef;wnfaqmufEkdifatmif vrf;yef; qufoG,fa7;xlaxmifay;7ef vkdtyfonf? vrf;yef;qufoG,fa7;cufcJygu o,f,l ykdãaqmifa7;ESifh qufoG,fa7;ukd t-cm;enf;rsm;-zifhaqmif7GufI vlxkqufoG,fa7; vsif-refvmatmif aqmif7Guf-cif;-zifh vlxk.tod^m%fzGHã_zKd;vmatmif aqmif7Guf7 rnf? vlxEk iS x hf ad wGãpnf;&k;H 7mwGif trSm;rygrdap7ef ta7;}uD;ayonf? Tokãdaqmif7u G f csdefwGif tusifhysuf0efxrf;ygvmygu vkyfief;ysufwwfonfukd 8&k-yK7rnf? zGHã_zKd;a7; aqmif7Guf7mwGif a7wkdÑa77SnfpDrHudef;rsm; a7;qJGaqmif7Guf7onf? zGHã_zKd;a7;tm; a'ocH-ynfolwkdã. pm;0wfaea7;/ twwfynmoifjum;ay;r+/ tvkyftukdif77Sda7; vkyfief;rsm;t-yif EkdifiHa7;todynm yGifhvef;vmatmifaqmif7Gufju7rnf? -ynfol vlxktod^m%fzHGã_zKd;r+aESmifhaES;-cif;/ aES;auG;-cif;rsm;tay:wGif a-ymufusm;wkdãu tcGifhaumif;,lwwfjuonf-zpf7m 4if;tm;enf;csufukd t-ref-znfhpGrf;Ekdifa7;ukd a77Snf pDrHudef;rsm;csrSwfay;7rnf? a-ymufusm;ppfenf;AsL[musifhokH;r+rsm; 8? a-ymufusm;wkdã.tm;omcsufrsm;rSm atmufygtwkdif;-zpfygonf = (u) owif;pkaqmif;r+? a-ymufusm;wkdã a77SnfwnfwHhEkdifa7;onf vkH-cKHr+ raygufjum;-cif;[lonfh ta-ccHtcsufyif-zpfonf? tpkd;7wyfrsm;tae -zifh 7efoo l wif;77efc7J if;vS_yD; e,fa-rcHvx l /k 7efot l rmcHtaxmufawmf/ owif;ta,mifaqmifbufawmfom;wkdãrS tpkd;7wyfzJGãrsm;. ppfowif; udk tqufr-ywf axmufvSrf;ay;ydkãavh7Sd7m wef-yefa-ymufusm;ppfqifa7; wpf7yfudk atmif-rifpGmqifE$JEkdif7eftwGuf tpdk;7wyfrsm;onf atmufyg tcsufrsm;udk *&k-yK7rnf -zpfonf = (1) zkH;uG,fr+ESifhvSnfhpm;-cif;?

(2) ppfqifa7;vkH-cKHr+7Sd-cif;?

(3) ppfowif;ESifhqufoG,fa7;pepfvkH-cKHr+7Sd-cif; ponfwdkã-zpfonf? ( c ) e,f a -rcH v l x k E S i f h a 7maES m I toG i f a qmif v + y f 7 S m ;-cif ;? a-ymufusm; wdkãonf e,fa-rcHvlxkESifh a7maESm7efvG,fulonf? 4if;wdkãonf a'ocH a-ymufusm;-zpfonfhtavsmuf wm0efus7me,fa-rtwGif; v+yf7Sm;Edkifonfh uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 473

t7nftaoG;ydkifqdkifxm;juonf? xdkãajumifh a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;r+ppfqif a7;qifErJ$ nfw h yfzåGJ 0ifrsm;onf vdrmR yg;eyfrt + -yif a'ocHvx l Ek iS ehf ,fa-rcH a-ymufusm;wdkãudk cJG-cm;od-rifEdkifpGrf;7Sd7ef txl;vdktyfonf? Todkã -yKvkyfEkdif7ef a'ocH-ynfolvlxktultnDESifh rdrdtrmcHrsm;arG;xm;7ef vdktyfonf? t"du*&k-yK7rnfhtcsufrSm wef-yefa-ymufusm;ppfqif7mwGif t-ypfrJh-ynfolwdkã. touftdk;tdrfpnf;pdrfOpPmudk xdyg;aprnfh udpP7yfrsm; udka7SmifusOf7ef-zpfonf? ( * ) a'oEó7A[kokwjuG,f0-cif;? a'oEó7A[kokwjuG,f0-cif;tm;om csufudk ta-ccHI a-ymufusm;wkdãonf pdwf"mwfppfqifa7;rsm;udk t-rwf xkwfqifE$Javh7Sdonf? 4if;tm;omcsufrsm;udk xdef;csKyfEdkif7ef e,fa-rvlxk tay: rSefuefaomodrf;oGif;pnf;&kH;r+udk t-rJwapaqmif7Guf7rnf? taumif;qkH;enf;vrf;wpf7yfrSm aomif;usef;olqefãusifa7;/ umuG,fa7; tzJGårsm;zJGåpnf;wnfaxmifay;-cif;-zifh XmaeumuG,fa7;udktm;ay;_yD; ud, k yf ikd 7f yfwnfEikd rf E+ iS hf 7efoãl tay:tquf-zwfrw + ãdk ukd aqmif7u G af p7 rnf -zpfonf? ppfqifa7;e,fa-ra'oywf0ef;usifudk em;vnfoabmayguf ,Ofyg;ae-cif;onf a-ymufusm;wdkã. t"dutm;omcsuf-zpf_yD; 4if;tcsuf udk &dkufcsKd;Edkif7eftwGuf a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;r+ppfqifa7;udk r7yfrem; uGuf -ynfheif;onfhpepf usifhokH;7rnf-zpfonf?

(C) aphaqmfr+ESifhpnf;urf;? a-ymufusm;wyfzåGJ acgif;aqmifrsm;onf avhusifh r+ESifhaphaqmfr+wdkãudk 77Sdxm;olrsm;-zpfjuonf? a-ymufusm;wyfzJGåtwGif; pnf;urf;ao0yfpGmaexkdifr+udk aphaqmfr+-zifhxdef;odrf;xm;-cif;-zpfonf? ( i ) uefãowfwm0ef,lr+tydkif;rsm; rsm;? tpd;k 7vlaer+taqmufttkrH sm; twGuf wm0ef r ,l 7 I }uD ; av;aomwm0ef r 7S d a y? od k ã - zpf I ppf a 7; wm0ef wpfckwnf;udkom t"duaqmif7Guf7o-zifh rdcifa-ymufusm;tzJGå tpnf; rsm;udk xda7mufpGmyhHydk;Edkifonf? ( p ) ppfenf;AsL[m AsL[m? a-ymufusm;wdkãonf vGwfvyfpGmppfupm;Edkifr+qdkonfh t csufudk ta-ccHI tjurf;zufenf;/ tzsuftarSmifhvkyfief;rsm;rSpI orm; &kd;usppfyJGtxd us,f-yefãpGmaqmif7GufEdkifonf? (q) &kyfydkif;ta-ctae ta-ctae? udk,fcE<mjuhHcdkifr+taumif;qkH;t7G,fwGifom7Sdju _yD; yifyef;cHEdkifr+onf tm;omcsufwpf7yf-zpfonf? cGeftm;udk vdkonfxuf ydkrdkpdkufxkwf7efrvdkbJ wm0eft7yf7yfudk ayghyg;pGm xrf;aqmifEdkifjuonf? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 474

9?

a-ymufusm;wyfzJGårsm;onf a,bk,stm;-zifh wlnDjuaomfvnf; pGrf;7nf ay:rlwnfI wm0efxrf;aqmifykH-cif;rwlnDjuay? a-ymufusm;wdkã.tm;enf;csufrsm; (u) vl/ vufeuf/ tkyfcsKyfaxmufyHhr+uefãowfcsuf7Sd-cif;? a-ymufusm; wyfzJGårsm;onf vl/ vufeuf/ cJ,rf;/ tiftm;ESifh tkyfcsKyfaxmufyhHr+qdkif7m wdkãwGif tpdk;7wyfzJGå0ifrsm;xuf tzufzufrSr,SOfomatmif tm;enf;ju onf? vlopfpkaqmif;r+ESifh qkH;&H+;vufeuf/ cJ,rf;rsm;-yefvnf-znfhwif;r+ tydik ;f wGif tm;enf;onft h avsmuf ppfqif7mwGif uefãowfcsurf sm;7So d nf?

Ttm;enf;csufrsm;udk tpdk;wyfzJGårsm;/ a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;a7;wyfzGJårsm;u t-rwfxkwftompD;7Edkifonf? enf;vrf;rsm;rSm a-ymufusm;wdkã.7duQm axmufyhHonfhpepfudk zsufqD;-cif;/ a-ymufusm;wyfzJGãudk t-cm;wyfzJGårsm;ESifh tquftoG,f-zwf7ef 0dkif;ywfacsr+ef;-cif;ESifh qkH;&H+;r+rsm;udk -yefvnf r-znfhqnf;EdkifrD xyfrHppfqif-cif;wdkãyif-zpfonf? ( c ) a-ymuf u sm;wpf O D ; csif ; tm;enf ; csuf ? a-ymufusm;wpfOD;twGuf tEó7m,frsm;0dkif;7Haer+onf tm;enf;r+udk -zpfay:ap_yD; t7nftwGufÑ t7nftcsif;rsm; tpdk;7bufrStm;omaeonfhtwGuf zrf;qD;cH7ygu w7m;cH7mZ0wfom;wpfO;D t-zpf owfrw S cf 7H rnfukd pd;k 7drpf w d 7f _dS yD;-zpfonf? rdom;pktEó7m,fyg 7SdvmEdkifonfhtwGuf ppfqifa7;wm0efxrf;aqmif aecsed w f iG v f nf;aumif;/ olprd ;f wdãke,fa-rwGif v+y7f mS ;aepOfwiG v f nf; aumif; pd;k 7draf jumufvefã ae7ayonf? xdãk ajumifh tpd;k 7tae-zifh rdrEd iS hf yl;aygif;rnfh a-ymufusm;rsm;udk ta7;w,lqufqH-cif;/ vGwf_idrf;csrf;om cGifhay;-cif;ESifh aetdrf/ 7duQm/ vkH-cKHr+tumtuG,fay;-cif;wkdã aqmif7Gufay; -cif;-zifh a-ymufusm;onf bufa-ymif;um tpdk;7. trmcH-zpfvmrnf? Todkã tEkenf;-zifhpnf;&kH;odrf;oGif;r+onf tjurf;zufwdkufcdkufr+xuf xda7muf onfudkawGå7onf? ( * ) ppf q if a 7;tm;enf ; csuf? ppfqifa7;qdkif7mtm;enf;csufwGif vkH-cKHr+ qdkif7mtm;enf;-cif;/ vdktyfaomt7if;t-rpfta-rmuft-rm; r7Edkif-cif;/ v+yf7Sm;vG,fulonfh ta-cpdkufpcef;rsm;xlaxmif7efcufcJ-cif;ESifh zrf;qD; 7rdonfhtqifh-rifhypPnf;rsm;udk u|rf;usifydkifEdkifpGmrudkifwG,fwwf-cif;wdkã yg0ifonf? vlxk. ,kHjunfudk;pm;r+wpfckwnf;tay: rSDwG,fI7yfwnfae -cif;rSmvnf; tm;enf;csuf-zpfonf? xdkodkãvlxkt}uKdufvkyfaqmifae7 uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 475

-cif;ajumifh vlxk.rsufESmomay;r+ bufra-ymif;7ef tpOfwpdkuf}uKd;yrf; ae7onf? TuJhodkãuefãowfcsufrsm;tjum;wGif v+yf7Sm;ppfqifae7onfh t-yif tqifh-rifhud7d,mESifh qufoG,fa7;enf;vrf;rsm;udk rokH;pJGEdkifI tcGifhomvsuf vufv$wfcJh7onfh xdk;ppf}uD;rsm;7Sdavonf?

10? a-ymufusm;rsm;udk tm;ay;axmufcHr+? a-ymufusm;rsm;udk t"dutm;ay; axmufcHaeonfh tcsufESpfcsuf7Sdonf 4if;wdkãrSm = (u) vlxktm;ay;axmufcHr+? atmufygtwdkif;-zpfygonf = (1) Ttykdif;wGif vlxkonf udk,fxdvufa7muftm;ay;axmufcHr+ ESifh wpfqifhcHtm;ay;axmufcHr+[lI ESpfrsKd;7Sdonf? vlxkaxmufcH r+wpfckwnf;-zifh a-ymufusm;ppfqifa7;udk atmif-rifatmif aqmif7GufEdkifrnfr[kwfay? acgif;aqmifvkyfol. yifudk,ft7nf taoG;ESifh xdk;xGif;^m%fwdkã vdktyfonf? xdkãajumifh wef-yef a-ymufusm;ppfqifa7;wGif a-ymufusm;wdkãbuf7Sd a'ocHvlxkudk xdk;azmufpnf;&kH;-cif;ESifh pdwf"mwfppfqif-cif;wdkã-zifh wef-yefpnf;&kH; xm;7rnf? odkãrSom a'ocHvlxkonf a-ymufusm;7efrSenf;yg;oGm; rnf-zpfonf?

(2) jum;aee,fa-rvlxkudk tpdk;7bufodkã pnf;&kH;odrf;oGif;7ef ydkrdk vG,fulonf? pdwf"mwfppfqif-cif;/ e,fbuftkyfcsKyfr+pepfaumif; rGef-cif;ESifh vkH-cKHr+t-ynfht0aqmif7Gufay;-cif;wdkãrSm e,fa-rvlxk udk tpdk;7bufygatmif pnf;&kH;odrf;oGif;onfh enf;vrf;aumif; rsm;-zpfonf? vlxkrS tpdk;7tay: axmufcHonfqdkygu vlxk udk pepfwuspnf;&kH;odrf;oGif;xm;-cif;/ *&kpdkuf-cif;ESifh vlr+a7;/ ynma7;/ pD;yGm;a7;ponfh tcuftcJrsm;udk yg0ifulnDa-z7Sif; -cif;-zifh e,fa-rvlxk. ,kHjunfudk;pm;r+udk qufvufxdef;xm; Edkifrnf-zpfonf? ( c ) tkyfcsKyfaxmufyhHtm;ay;ulnDr+? atmufygtwdkif;-zpfygonf = (1) a-ymufusm;ppf pwifqifE$JpOf vufeuf/ cJ,rf;/ 7duQmponfwdkã vkHavmufaom twkdif;twm7Sdaomfvnf; t7Sdef7vmonfESifhtr# tiftm;wdk;yGm;vm7m tkyfcsKyfaxmufyhHr+udpP7yfrsm;udk ydkrdkvdktyf vmayonf? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 476

(2) -ynfyrSaxmufyhHr+udk 7,laeonfh a-ymufusm;wyfzJGårsm;tae-zifh axmufyHha7;vrf;ajumif;/ o,faqmifrnfhenf;vrf;/ odkavSmif xdef;odrf;7efae7m ponfhtcuftcJrsm;udk 7ifqkdif7ayrnf?

Tok;H csufukd a-ymufusm;ESrd ef if;a7;wyfzåGJ rsm;u t-rwfxw k af csr+e;f Edkif7ef tcGifhtvrf;7SdouJhodkã acsr+ef;Edkif-cif;r7Sdygu a-ymufusm; wdkãtwGuf t-rwftpGef;}uD;pGm7Edkifonf? rnfodkãqdkap a-ymufusm; ESrd ef if;a7;wyfrsm;tae-zifh ppfqif7mwGif a-ymufusm;wdãk . tkycf sKyf axmufyhHr+pepfudk t"duxm;I _zKdcGif;7efta7;}uD;onf?

(3) a-ymufusm;wdkãonf pyfjum;e,fa-rwGif ppfqifavh7Sd_yD; 4if;e,f a-rwGif XmecsKyf/ 7duQm/ cJ,rf;odkavSmif&kHESifh ,m,Dta-c-yKpcef; rsm; wnfaqmufxm;avh7Sdonf? 4if;pcef;rsKd;wGifyif avhusifha7; e,fa-r/ qufoG,fa7;pcef;/ aq;ukpcef;ESifh axmufydkãpcef;rsm; wnfxm;avh7Sdonf? xdkãt-yif ,m,Dpcef;rsm;wGifyif a-ymufusm; rsm;udk -yefvnfpkzJGå-cif;/ tem;,l-cif;/ rGrf;rHoifwef;ay;-cif;ESifh vufeufcJ,rf;-znfhwif;-cif;wdkãudk aqmif7Gufavh7Sdonf?

(4) a-ymufusm;rsm;onf ,m,Dpcef;rsm;rusqkH;a7;udk ckcHumuG,f7ef }uKd;yrf;rnfr[kwfbJ pGefãcGmr+omaqmif7Gufrnf-zpfonf? ,m,D pcef;rsm;-zpfonfhtavsmuf vkH-cKHr+udkta-ccHI v#Kdå0SufpGmwnf aqmufjuayvdrfhrnf? tpdk;7wyfzJGårsm;u awGå7SdoGm;ygu pcef;udk pGefãcGmxGufa-y;_yD; ppfqifa7;e,fa-rudk a-ymif;a7$åoGm;rnf-zpfonf? odkãr[kwfygu pcef;i,frsm;t-zpf -zefãcGJoGm;rnf-zpfonf?

(5) ta-c-yKpcef;wpfck.t*Fg7yfrsm; sm;? atmufygtwkdif;-zpfonf = (uu) tumtuG,fESifhzkH;uG,fr+? a-ymufusm;wdkã. ta-cpdkuf pcef;a7G;cs,f7mwGif tumtuG,fESifhzkH;uG,fr+udkta-ccH onf? odkãrSom tpdk;7wyfrsm;. 7SmazGawGå7Sdr+rSuif;a0; rnf? (c c) jurf;wrf;cufxefaoma-rae7mudka7G;cs,fr+? a-rtae txm;t7 qufoG,fr+vG,fulonfhae7mudk a7SmifjuOf -cif;-zifh tpdk;7wyfzJGårsm;. vG,fulpGmpD;eif;wdkufcdkuf -cif; rS uif;a0;Edkifonf? tcsuftcsmusaom ae7mudk ra7G;rd 7efa7Smif7Sm;juonf? odkãrSom a-c7maumufenf; uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 477

tygt0if tpd;k 7wyfrsm;tok;H csrnfh axmufvrS ;f csurf sm;udk umuG,f Edkifrnf-zpfonf? (* *) qkH7yft-zpfowfrSwf7efvG,ful-cif;? pcef;csrnfah e7m udk a7G;cs,f7mwGif }uKdwifpOf;pm;7rnfhtcsufrSm qkH7yf t-zpf tokH;-yK7efoifhavsmf-cif; 7SdÑr7Sdyif -zpfonf? xdkã t-yif a7Ñ7duQm vG,fulpGm77SdEdkifr+/ v#Lda-rmif/ urf;yg;rsm; wnf7Sdr+/ vrf;rsm;tvG,fwultokH;csEdkifr+ESifh umuG,fr+ t-ynfht07Sdaom ywf0ef;usif-zpfr+wdkãudkvnf; xnhfoGif; pOf;pm;7ayrnf?

(CC) tquftoG,fa0;vHacgif;yg;r+? ta-cpdu k pf cef;rsm;udk vkH -cKHa7;t7 a0;vHaoma'orsm;wGif wnfaqmufavh 7Sdjuonf? rar#mfvifhbJ 7SmazGrawGå7Sdap7ef vloluif;a0; 7mt7yfa'owGif wnfaqmufavh7Sdonf? odkãaomf 7duQm ESihf tkycf sKyfru + pd 7P yfrsm;twGuf wpfaeãwm c7D;tuGmta0; wGif;om wnfaqmufavh7Sdonf? Tta-cpdkufpcef;udkom a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;a7;wyfzJGårsm;u acsr+ef;Edkifygu a-ymuf usm;rsm;taeusKHå _yD; wpfa-y;wnf;a-y;ae7ayrnf? Todkã -zifh a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;a7;wyfwdkãtwGuf ppfupm;7eftcGifh omvmrnf-zpfonf?

11? a-ymufusm;wdkãusifhokH;aomenf;AsL[mrsm; AsL[mrsm;? a-ymufusm;wdkãonf a7S;OD;pGm uefãowf/ odkãr[kwf ao;i,faomv+yf7Sm;ppfqifa7;i,frsm;om qifE$Jwwfjuonf? xdkv+yf7Sm;ppfqifr+rsm;onf ydkrdktqifh-rifhaomvufeufrsm;ESifh avhusifhr+tqifhudk a7mufvmaomtcgwGif orm;&dk;us ppfenf;AsL[mrsm;udk usifhokH;_yD; }uD;rm;aom ppfqifa7;}uD;rsm;udk -yKvkyfwwfjuonf? a-ymufusm;ppfenf;AsL[m. t*Fg7yfrsm; rSm a7Smifwdrf;r+/ tidkufzrf;wdkufcdkufr+ESifh tcsdefwdktwGif; -yif;xefpGmwdkufckdufEdkifr+ ponfwdkã-zpfonf? azmf-yygenf;AsL[mrsm;. a7S;OD;tqifhrsm;wGif tjurf;zufr+ESifh aESmifh,Sufr+[lI cJG-cm;Edkifonf? tjurf;zufr+enf;vrf;rsm;wGif AkH;azmufcJG-cif;/ vkyfjuHowf-zwf-cif;/ -yefay;qJG-cif;/ _cdrf;a-cmuf-cif;/ xdcdkuf'%f7m7atmif-yKvkyf -cif;/ vlowf-cif;/ nëif;yef;ESdyfpuf-cif;ESifh tusyfudkif-cif;wdkãyg0ifonf? aESmifh,Sufr+ enf;vrf;wGif t"rR-yKvkyfap-cif;/ v+Hãaqmf-cif;ESifh a-cmufvSefã-cif;wdkãyg0ifonf?

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 478

12?

7SmazGppfqifr+rsm; (u) enf;vrf;rsm; rsm;? taqmufttkH/ tdrfa-cxlxyfaomae7mrsm;wGif a-ymuf usm;rsm;tm; 7SmazGppfqifr+rsm;-yKvkyf7mY aumif;pGm}uKdwif-yifqifr+ESifh avhusifhr+7Sd7efvdktyf_yD; atmufygwdkãudk *&k-yK7rnf = (1) 7SmazG7rnfhe,fa-rrsm;cJG_yD; e,fa-rtvkduf 7SmazGa7;tzJGårsm;tm; v$Jtyf7rnf? 7SmazGa7;tzJGåwpfckpDwGif 7SmazGa7;tzJGãi,f/ 0ef;7H a7;tzJGå (vkH-cKHa7;tzJGå)/ xGufaygufydwfqdkãa7;tzJGåESifh vdktyfygu t7eftzJGåi,fwdkãyg0ifonf? 4if;wdkãonf atmufygtwkdif; aqmif 7Gufjuonf = (uu) 7SmazGa7;tzJGåi,fonf ppfqifa7;7nfrSef;csufwm0efudk xrf;aqmifonf? (c c) 7SmazGa7;tzJGåi,fu v+yf7Sm;aepOf vkH-cKHa7;tzJGåu e,fa-rudk 0ef;7Hxm;7rnf? 4if;tzJGåonf 0ifa7mufvm rnfh 7efolrsm;udk t"duxm;I acsr+ef;7rnf? a-ymufusm; wdkãtiftm;-znfh7ef }udK;yrf;vmrnfh a7xkwf-yGefESifh a-r atmufvrf;rsm;udkyg xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;7rnf? (* *) t7efwyfzJGåi,fonf teD;ywf0ef;usifwGif7Sd_yD; a7$åa-ymif; 7vG,fulaomwyfzJGå-zpfonf? t-cm;tzJGåi,fESpfzJGå ckcHr+ESifh juKHawGåygu tultnDay;7ef-zpfonf? t7eftzJGåi,fwpf zJGåonf useftzJGåi,fESpfzJGåudk ulnDEdkifpGrf;7Sd7rnf?

(2) vk-H cKHrp+ pfaq;_yD;onfw h ikd f zrf;qD;7rdaom 0g'-zefãoauFwvuQ%m ESihf pm7Gupf mwrf;rsm;tygt0if 7efo. l rnfonft h 7m0w Kudrk qdk csifhcsdefI owd-zifhudkifwG,f7ef?

(3) ykef;atmif;Edkifonfhae7mrsm;udk rdkif;7Smud7d,mrsm;tokH;-yKI pepf wus 7SmazG7ef?

(4) txl;o-zifh 7SmazG7rnfhe,fa-rwGif a-ymufusm;wyfzJGårsm;7Sdaeygu ae7mwpfckvkH;udk wpf_yKdifeuf0dkif;xm;_yD; vsif-refpGm7SmazG7rnf? ppfonfrsm;-zifh 0ef;7Hrxm;Edkifaome,fa-rudk ypfcwfr+rsm;-zifh v$rf;rdk;xm;7rnf?

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 479

( c ) ta-ccHoabmw7m; abmw7m;? taqmufttkHESifhvlaexlxyfaom ae7m rsm;udk 7SmazG7mY tiftm;rvkHavmufcJhv#if tuefãtowfESifhaqmif7Guf7rnf? ykHrSeftm;-zifh 7JESifhwyfwdkã yl;aygif;ppfqif7rnf? wwfEdkifor# tao;pdwf avhusifhxm;7rnf? a-r-yiftaetxm;ESifh ywfoufI vdktyfaomowif; tcsuftvufrsm;udk avajumif;"mwfyHkESifh a'ocH7Jrsm;. taqmufttkH a-rykHrsm;rS 77SdEdkifayonf? atmif-rifaom7SmazGr+tpDtpOfonf 7Sif;vif; vG,ful_yD; vsif-refpGmaqmif7Guf7rnf? ( * ) xdef;csKyfr+? wyf7if;wpf7if;/ odkãr[kwf ydkI}uD;aom tzJGårsm;yg0ifonfh 7SmazGr+wGif 7JwyfzJGå. taxmuftul-zifh ppfbufqkdif7mt}uD;tuJrS xdef;csKyf7onf? ao;i,faom7SmazGr+wGif 7JwyfzJGårSaqmif7Guf_yD; ppfbuf qdkif7mrS vdktyfaomtaxmuftulay;7rnf-zpfonf?

13? avajumif;7SmazGr+ppfqifa7;rsm; 7;rsm;? pD;eif;7SmazGa7;wyfzJGårsm;onf vufeuf wyfqifxm;aom wdkufcdkufa7;7[wf,mOfrsm;. ypftm;ESifhvsif-refpGm a7Gåvsm;Edkifr+ udk trsm;qkH;tokH;-yK7rnf? ( 4if;tcsufonf a-ymufusm;wdkã. pdwf"mwfudk-yif;xef pGmxdcdkufaponf)? 7[wf,mOfwif vSnhfuif;rsm;onf a-ymufusm;wyfrsm;udk7SmazG 7ef omrefe,fa-r/ odkãr[kwf vrf;ajumif;udkuif;axmuf7rnf/ odkãr[kwf a-r-yif odkã qif;I wkdufcdkufaumif;wkdufcdkuf7rnf? 4if;enf;vrf;onf opfyifxlxyfaom ae7mrsm;wGif tusKd;oufa7mufr+enf;onf? 7[wf,mOfwif wdkufyJG0if vSnhfuif; rsm;tm; tokH;-yK7mwGif cdkifvkHonfhaxmufvSrf;a7;owif;tcsuftvufrsm;ESifh a-r-yifppfqifa7;wyfrsm;. vdkdtyfcsufrsm;tay:rlwnfI uefãowfaqmif7Gufonf? a-r-yif7mS azGrp+ pfqifa7;rsm;wGif oHo,-zpfz, G 7f adS om e,fa-rwpfco k ãkd wyfzåGJ ud7k [wf ,mOf-zifhcsay;Edkifonf? avajumif;rSwdkufcdkufa7; 7[wf,mOf-zifh taxmuftul ay;xm;7onf? xdkãaemuf a-r-yif7Sif;vif;7SmazGonfh wyfzJGåtm; e,fa-rwpfckrSwpfck odkã txufygenf;twkdif; a7$åa-ymif;7SmazGaponf? 4if;avajumif;csDwdkufyJG0if vSnfh uif;tzJGårsm;tm; a-ymufusm;ta-cpdkufpcef;rsm;udk 7SmazGEdkif7ef a-c7mcH/ a-c7maumuf enf;tqifhqifhudk avhusifhoifjum;xm;7rnf? tqdkygvSnfhuif;onf tiftm;}uD; rm;aom a-ymufusm;wyfzJGå0ifrsm;ESifh 7ifqdkif7ygu zJGåpnf;xm;aom t7efwyfrsm; -zifh a-z7Si;f aqmif7u G 7f rnf? tusOf;om;rsm;/ '%f7m7olrsm;ESihf ypPn;f rsm; aemufwef; odkã -yefvnfydkãaqmifrnfhtpDtpOfudkyg yg0ifa7;qJGxm;7rnf-zpfonf?

14? pD;eif;0ifa7muf-cif;? pD;eif;0ifa7muf-cif;qdkonfrSm owif;tcsuftvuf rsm;7,l7ef/ a-ymufusm;wyfrsm;udk taESmifht,Sufay;7efESifh 4if;wdkã.taqmufttkH uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 480

rsm;udkzsufqD;7ef 7efolãe,fa-rxJodkã vsif-refpGmxdk;azmuf0ifa7muf7aom ppfqifa7; -zpfonf? pD;eif;0ifa7muf-cif;onf -ynfhpkHaom wm0efay;tyfr+ESifh aocsmpGmpDrHxm; aom cGmppfpDrHcsufwdkãyg0ifonf? pD;eif;0ifa7mufr+atmif-rif-cif;onf tcsdefrD-cif;ESifh wdusaom tao;pdwftcsuftvufrsm;udk vdkufemaqmif7GufEdkif-cif;tay: rlwnf onf? pD;eif;0ifa7muf-cif;rsm;onf oD;-cm;wnf7Sdaeaom a-ymufusm;ta-cpdkuf pcef;i,frsm;tm; ypfrSwfxm;7Sdonf? tidkuf7ap7eftwGuf ykHrSeftm;-zifh oGm;vm 7efcufcaJ om ae7m/ -rifuiG ;f uefãowfr7+ cdS sdeEf iS hf 7moDOwkq;kd 7Gm;csdew f ãkd ut kd ok;H -yKonf? omreftm;-zifh pD;eif;0ifa7mufonfhwyfudk acsr+ef;a7;wyfzJGåESifhvkH-cKHa7;wyfzJGå[lI ESpzf åGJ zJåG pnf;avh7o dS nf? acsre+ ;f a7;tzJåG . 0ifa7mufacsre+ ;f onft h zJåG i,fwiG f vufeuf/ cJ,rf;axmufyhHr+tzJGåyg7Sd_yD; wyfzJGã}uD;rsm;wGifrl axmufyhHa7;wyfzJGåwpfzJGå -znfhqnf; xm;ayonf? pD;eif;0ifa7muf-cif;rsm;twGuf avajumif;csDacsr+ef;a7;wyfzJGårsm;tm; tokH;-yKonf? tidkufzrf;r+rsm;udk OD;pm;ay;aqmif7Gufonf? navajumif; pD;eif; 0ifa7muf-cif;rsm;udk aqmif7Guf7mwGif a-r-yifESifhywfoufonfh tcsuftvufrsm;udk od7Sdatmif OD;pm;ay;aqmif7Gufap7rnf? vufeufwyfqifxm;aom 7[wf,mOf rsm;onf avajumif;csDacsr+ef;a7;wyfrsm;. pD;eif;0ifa7mufwkdufcdkuf-cif;udk wwfEdkif or# taxmuftulay;7rnf? 4if;wyfzJGåonf a7Gåvsm;aeaom 7nfrSef;csufrsm;udk wdkufckdufEdkif_yD; -yifqifr+ESifh axmufyhHr+rsm;pGmrvdkbJ qifE$JEdkifonf?

15? vS n f h u if ; rsm; rsm;? a-ymufusm;wyfv+yf7Sm;r+ESifhywfoufaom owif;tcsuf tvufrsm; r77Sdaomtcg uif;vSnhf-cif;udk tokH;-yKonf? vSnhfuif;wGifyg0ifaom olrsm;onf 7nfrSef;csufwm0eftwGuf r7Sdr-zpfaom ud7d,mrsm;udko,faqmif7onf? udk,fum,usef;rmoefpGrf;7rnf? xdkãt-yif vSnhfuif;wGifyg0ifonfh tzJGå0ifOD;a7tm; uspfvspfpGmzJGåpnf;7rnf? a0[ifESifha-r-yifypfulwyfzJGårsm;yg0ifap_yD; xufatmuf/ 0J,mwyfrsm;ESifh yl;aygif;ndëEd+if;aqmif7Guf7rnf? rsm;aomtm;-zifh vSnfhuif;rsm;udk wdkufyJG0if7efESifh uif;axmuf7eftwGuf trsKd;tpm;/ twef;tpm;cJG-cm;xm;onf? vSnhfuif;rsm;udk atmufygta-ctaersm;wGif tokH;-yKEdkifonf = (u) oHo,-zpfzG,f7Sdaom a-ymufusm;wyfv+yf7Sm;r+7Sd7m ae7mrsm;udk 0ef;7Hxm; 7ef? ( c ) t"duusaomvrf;ajumif;rsm;ESifh a-c7mcHvrf;ajumif;rsm;udkxdef;csKyf7ef? ( * ) aus;7GmESifhrdrdwyfrsm;tjum; qufoG,fr+udk xdef;odrf;xm;7ef?

(C) vlOD;a7ppfaq;7efae7mrsm; zGifhvSpfxm;7ef? ( i ) r[mrdwfwyfrsm;. vkH-cKHa7;udk taxmuftulay;7ef? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 481

( p ) a-ymufusm;wyf. axmufyhHa7;ESifhqufoG,fa7;vrf;ajumif;rsm;udk wm;qD;7ef? (q) csKHcdkufwkdufcdkufr+rsm;-yKvkyf7ef? ( Z ) a-ymufusm;wyfrsm;tm; tqufr-ywf wdkufppfqif7ef? ( ps ) aus;vufa'orsm;twGif; vkH-cKHa7;taxmuftul-yK7ef? (n) a-ymufusm;wyfrsm;. ta-cpdkufpcef;i,frsm;udk 7SmazG7efwdkã-zpfonf?

16? vSnhfuif;rsm;udk vufeufi,fwyfqifxm;_yD; ao;i,fvsif-refonfh a7$åa-ymif;Edik af om wyfzåGJ rsm;-zifzh åGJ 7onf? 4if;vSnu fh if;rsm;ajumifh e,fa-ra'orsm;wGif aumif;pGmtumtuG,f77Sdvmonf? vSnhfuif;rsm;onf pDrHxm;onfhvrf;ajumif;rsm; twGif; v+yf7Sm;ju_yD; 4if;vrf;ajumif;rsm;wGif ykHaor-zpfap7ef rjumc%a-ymif;vJ ay;7rnf? a-ymufusm;wyfrsm;onf a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;a7;wyfrsm;ESifh 7ifqkdifawGår+ rS a7Smif7Sm;aepOf rdrdvSnhfuif;rsm;ajumifh ta-ccHe,fa-rudk pGefãv$wf7ayawmhonf?

17? csKHcdkwkdufcdkuf-cif;? csKHcdkwdkufckduf-cif;qdkonfrSm v+yf7Sm;aeaom/ odkãr[kwf ,m,Dtm;-zifh 7yfwefãaeaom ypfrSwftm;zkH;uG,fxm;aomae7mrS tidkufzrf;wdkuf cdkufr+-zpfonf? wef-yefa-ymufusm;wyfzJGårsm;twGuf csKHcdkwdkufcdkuf-cif;ajumifh atmuf ygtusKd;w7m;rsm;udk 77Sdaponf = (u) vufeufÑypPnf;uefãowfcsuf7Sdaom rdrdwyfzJGåi,frsm;onf ydkrdktiftm; }uD;rm;aom a-ymufusm;wyfzåGJ 0ifrsm;udk taESmift h ,Suaf y;zsuq f ;D Edik f onf? ( c ) a-ymufusm;wyfom;rsm;tm; tcGifhromaomtcsdefESifh ae7mrsm;wGif tqkH; t-zwfwdkufyJGrsm; wdkufcdkuf7ef twif;tusyf wGef;tm;ay;Edkifonf? ( * ) a-ymufusm;wyfrsm;udk vGwfvyfpGm v+yf7Sm;cGifhray;bJ vufeufud7d,m wefqmyvmrsm;tm; tpm;xkd;7efcufcJaponf?

18? csKHcdkwdkufcdkufr+twGuf pDrHcsufaumif;rGef-cif;/ }uD;juyfuGyfuJr+aumif;rGef -cif;wdkãonf a-ymufusm;wyfqefãusifa7;twGuf tatmif-rifqkH;enf;vrf;-zpfonf? a'owpfcktwGif; a-ymufusm;wdkã.v+lyf7Sm;r+udk uefãowfydwfyif-cif;onfvnf; xda7mufaomenf;vrf;-zpfonf? zJGåpnf;r+aumif;rGefaom csKHcdkwdkufcdkufr+twGuf a-rtaetxm;a7G;cs,fr+onf t"duaomhcsuf-zpfonf? OD;pD;acgif;aqmifonf rdkif;ESifh azmufcJGzsufqD;-cif;rsm;udk ta-ctaeay:rlwnfI u|rf;usifpGmaqmif7GufEdkif7rnf? ypfuv l t kd yfovd7k 7SEd ikd 7f eftwGuf }uKdwif-yifqifxm;7rnf? ncsKcH w kd u dk cf u kd -f cif;rsm;onf uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 482

xdef;csKyf7efcufcJonf? odkã7mwGif arSmifrdkuf-cif;onf 7efolãtwGufvkH-cKHr+udkxdcdkufap onf? csKHcdkwyfzJGåt7G,ftpm;onf 7efolãtiftm;ay:rlwnfI zJGåpnf;7onf? (csKHcdk wdkufcdkufenf;rsm;udk oufqdkif7m ppfenf;AsL[mwGifavhvm7ef) 19? _rKdåwGif;a-ymufusm;rsm; (Urban Guerilla, UG) tm;wkdufckduf-cif; ? _rKdåwGif;a-ymufusm;rsm; tjurf;zufwkdufcdkufr+rsm;onf xdcdkufysufpD;vG,f_yD; umuG,f 7efcufco J nfuakd wGå7onf? _rKdårsm;.obm0t7 usO;f usyo f nfah e7mrsm;wGif usyf w nf ; pG m aexd k i f 7 onf h t wG u f a-ymuf u sm;rsm;tzd k ã tumtuG , f / taxmuftyHh7aponf? 4if;wdkã.acgif;aqmifrsm;onf t-cm;a-ymufusm;rsm;ESifh teD;uyfqufqHr+ÑqufoG,f 7eftwGuf trsKd;orD;rsm;ESifhuav;rsm;tm; tokH;-yK avh7Sdonf? xdkãt-yiftrsKd;orD; ESifhuav;rsm;tm; 4if;wdkã.t-cm;v+yf7Sm;r+rsm; umuG,f7eftwGufvnf; tokH;-yK avh7Sdonf?

20? _rKdåwGi;f a-ymufusm;rsm;onf aus;vufa-ymufusm;rsm; (Rural-Guerilla, RG)xuf enf;AsL[ma-rmuf ydkrdk7J0hHpGm aqmif7GufEdkifonfh taetxm;7Sdonf? Oyrm= vufa-zmifh-zifhvkyfjuH-cif;/ azmufcJGzsufqD;-cif;ESifh vlxkudktokH;-yKI wef;pDqEN-yyJG rsm; -zpfay:atmif pDrHaqmif7GufEdkif-cif; ponfwdkã-zpfonf? xdkuJhodkãqEN-yr+rsm;wGif trsKd;orD;ESifhuav;i,frsm;yg7Sdaeygu a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;a7; (wef-yefa-ymufusm;) wyfzJGårsm;tm; taESmifht,Suf-zpfay:aponf? wef-yefa-ymufusm;rsm;. vkyfaqmif csufrsm; rSm;,Gif;c|wfacsmfygu _rKdåwGif;a-ymufusm;rsm;twGuf 0g'-zefã7ef aumif;rGef oGm;ayvdrfhrnf?

21? _rKdåwGif;a-ymufusm;rsm;onf aus;vufa-ymufusm;rsm;uJhodkã ta-ccHpcef; xlaxmif-cif;/ tiftm;trsm;t-ym;pkpnf;-cif;wdkãtm; aqmif7GufEdkifrnfr[kwfay? _rKdåwGif;a-ymufusm;rsm;onf wpfOD;wpfa,mufwnf; aexkdifv+yf7Sm;7_yD; ta7twGuf enf;aomtzJGåwpfckck. tzJGå0ift-zpfaqmif7Gufvkyfudkif7onf? _rKdå -yvlxk.tum tuG,t f -zpfaexkid 7f _yD; tcsi;f csi;f opPmazmufrr+ sm;tm; owd-yKpd;k 7draf e7onf? xdu k o hJ ãkd wpf O D ; csif ; / od k ã r[k w f ao;i,f a omtzJ G ã -zif h aexk d i f v + y f 7 S m ;7-cif ; onf _rKdåay:v+yf7Sm;r+twGuf xda7mufr+7Sd_yD; zrf;qD;cH7Edkifr+udkvnf; tvG,fwula7Smif7Sm; Edkifonf? tu,fI a-ymufusm;wpfa,muf zrf;qD;cH7yguvnf; tzrf;cH7olonf 4if;tae-zifh od7Sdxm;aomuseftzJGå0ifESpfOD;/ odkãr[kwf okH;OD;udkom azmfxkwfay;Edkif rnf-zpfonf?

22? _rKdåwGif;a-ymufusm;ppfenf;AsL[mrsm; AsL[mrsm;? _rKdåwGi;f a-ymufusm;wyfzåGJ 0ifrsm;onf wpfOD;csif;/ odkãr[kwf ao;i,faomtzJGå0ift-zpfom vkyfief;aqmif7Gufo-zifh 4if;. uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 483

enf;AsL[mrsm;rSm useef ,fa-ra'o7Sd a-ymufusm;wyfom;rsm;. ppfenf;AsL[m vkyu f ikd f aqmif7GufykHrsm;ESifhuGm-cm;r+7Sdonf? 4if;wdkã. ppfenf;AsL[mrsm;rSm atmufygtwkdif; -zpfonf = (u) puf&/Hk tvky&f rHk sm;ESihf -ynfoãl0efaqmifvyk if ef;rsm;tm; wku d cf u dk zf suq f ;D -cif;? ( c ) a-ymufusm;ESrd ef if;a7;wyfzåGJ rsm;. owif;-yefjum;a7;vkyif ef;rsm;tm; us,-f yefã pGmaESmifh,Suf-cif;? ( * ) qlyltkHjuGr+rsm;ay:aygufvmap7ef pDpOf-cif;ESifh vlpkvla0;rsm;-zpfay: vm -cif;wdkãajumifh a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;a7;wyfzJGå0ifrsm;tm; pdk;7drfylyefap onf?

Todkã-zifh rSm;,Gif;aomvkyfaqmif-zpfay:vmap-cif;?

(C) a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;a7;wyfzJGå0ifrsm;. vGefuJaomwef-yefaqmif7Gufr+rsm; ajumifh qefãusif0g'-zefãr+rsm; -zpfay:vmap-cif;? ( i ) tzJGåtpnf;rsm;twGif; yÅdyuQrsm;-zpfay:ap-cif;? ( p ) vrf;qkHrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;/ vkH-cKHa7;tapmifhpcef;rsm;ESifh vkH-cKHa7; tapmifhuif;ae7mrsm;wGifvnf;aumif; acsmif;a-rmif;ypfcwf-cif;? (q) 'kH;usnf/ pdefa-ymif;rsm;-zifh ,mOfrsm;ESifhtaqmufttkHrsm;tm; ypfcwfwkduf cdkuf-cif;? ( Z ) -ynfolvlxk pdwf"mwfusqif;ap7ef oD;oefãypfrSwfae7mrsm;wGif azmufcJG a7;ypPnf;rsm;xm;7Sd-cif;? ( ps ) vSnu fh if;rsm;tm; acsmif;a-rmif;ypfcwf-cif;ESihf 7[wf,mOfrsm;tm; ypf cwf-cif;?

23? _rKd å wG i f ; a-ymuf u sm;rsm;ES i f h ES d r f e if ; 7ef w ef - yef a -ymuf u sm;ppf q if - cif ;? _rKdåwGi;f a-ymufusm;rsm;tm; wef-yefwu kd cf u kd 7f mwGif tjurf;zuform;rsm;. vkyaf qmif csufrsm;tm; 7yfwefãoGm;ap7eftwGuf odkodyfpGmaqmif7Guf-cif;ESifh vsif-refpGm aqmif7Guf-cif;[lI ESpfrsKd;7Sdonf? odkodyfpGmaqmif7GufEdkifr+onf vlxkudkxdcdkufr+enf; yg;aponf? vsif-refpGmaqmif7Gufr+rSm a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;a7;wyfrsm;rS 7efoltm; tcsdefwdktwGif; -yif;xefpGm 7SmazGwdkufcdkuf-cif;-zpfygonf?

24? _rKdåwGif;a-ymufusm;rsm;tm; wdkufcdkuf7efrSm tjurf;zsif;tm;-zifh 7JwyfzJGå0ifrsm; . wm0efom-zpfonf? odãk aomf ppfbufqikd 7f ma-ymufusm;ESrd ef if;a7;wyfzãGJ acgif;aqmif tae-zifh _rKdåwGif;a-ymufusm;rsm;udk wef-yefwdkufcdkufonfh vkyfief;wGif yg0ifaqmif 7GufEdkifonfht-yif xdkvkyfief;wpf7yfvkH;udkyg v$Ja-ymif;wm0ef,lum aqmif7GufEdkif uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 484

onf? a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;a7;/ ppfqifa7;pwifaqmif7Guf-cif;r-yKrD 7efol(_rKdåwGif; a-ymufusm;). owif;rsm;tm; 77Sdxm;7efvdktyfayonf?

25? a-ymufusm;ESdrfeif;a7;/ ppfqifa7;wGif ta-ccHumuG,fa7;rsm; wnfaqmuf -cif;/ vrf;ydwfqdkãwm;qD;r+ESifh ppfaq;a7;pcef;rsm; zGifhvSpf-cif;rsm; aqmif7Gufonf? vlpkvla0;rsm;tm; _yKduJGatmif _zKdcJG-cif;rsm;-yKvkyf_yD; _rKdåwGif;7SmazG-cif;vkyfief;rsm; aqmif7Guf-cif;ESifhuif;vSnfh-cif; ponfhenf;vrf;rsm;udk tokH;-yK7rnf-zpfayonf? aemuf q uf w J G ( q)

t%k-rL/ "mwk/ ydk;r$m;rsm;-zifh wkdufckdufr+rsm;7efrSumuG,fa7; 1? rsufarSmufacwfumvwGif vlaygif;rsm;pGm.toufukd aoausysufp;D Edik f aom vufeufopf/ vufeufqef;rsm; t_ydKiftqdkifwDxGifprf;oyfvsuf7Sdjuonf? aiGaju;ta-rmuft-rm; tukeftuscHum vlowfvufeufrsm; zefwD;aeo-zifh urBmh vlom;wdkã. touftEó7m,frSm pdk;7HGåzG,faumif;avmufatmif wpfaeãw-cm; }uD; xGm;vm7onf? xdkvufeufrsm;wGif EsLuvD;,m;/ [dkuf_'dK*sif/ EsLx7Gef ponfh t%k-rLvufeufrsm;/ "mwkaA'ESifh tqdyfydk;r$m;vufeufrsm;rSm t"duyg0ifvsuf7Sdyg onf?

2? t%k-rLvufeufonf -yif;xefaomxda7mufr+pGrf;7nf7Sdonfh vufeuf -zpfonf? xdkvufeufrsm;udk tokH;-yKygu wpfzuf7efolonf aygufuJGr+ajumifh xdcdkufap-cif;ESifh a7'D,dkowWdjuG"mwfoufa7mufr+ESpfrsKd;pvkH;cHpm;77SdEdkifonf? "mwk aA'vufeufrsm;onf tqdyf-zpfaponfh "mwkaA'-'yfaygif;rsm;pGm-zifh pDrH-yKvkyfxm; onfh vufeufrsm;-zpfonf? "mwkaA'ypPnf;rsm;xJwGif rD;avmifapwwfonfh obm0 7Sdaom "mwkaA'ypPnf;rsm;ESifh rD;cdk;xGufapwwfaom "mwkaA'ypPnf;rsm;[lI7Sdonf? tqdyfydk;r$m;vufeufrsm;qdkonfrSm ouf7SdowW0grsm;/ oD;ESHyifrsm;udk aoap7efvnf; aumif;/ rzHGã_zKd;/ roefpGrf;-zpfap7efvnf;aumif; juH7G,fcsuf-zifh ydk;r$m;rsm;rSxkwfay; aom tqdyf"mwfaiGårsm;udk ppfokH;vufeuft-zpf wDxGifxm;-cif;-zpfonf? t%k-rKwdkufcdkufr+udk wef-yefEdkifrnfhaqmif7Gufcsufrsm; 3? wdkufppfuèwGif t%k-rLvufeufrsm; wyf-zefãcsxm;r+tm; }uKdwifavhvm axmufvrS ;f I 4if;ae7mrsm;tm; ypftm;-zifh pd;k rd;k _zKdciG ;f -cif;-zifv h nf;aumif;/ -ynfoãl ppf tzJGårsm;/ yOPrHwyfom;rsm;apv$wfIvnf;aumif; zsufqD;ypf7rnf-zpfygonf? rdrd wdkufcdkufa7;wyfrsm;-zifh tpGrf;ukef-zefãjuJxm;ap-cif;-zifh 7efolonf t%k-rLvufeuf uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 485

rsm;tm;tokH;-yK7ef uefãowfcsufrsm;ESifh7ifqdkif7rnf-zpfonf? 7efolwyfrsm;taezifh a7Såwef;rSaemufydkif;odkã qkwfcGmoGm;ygu/ odkãr[kwf 7efolvSnhfuif;rsm; pyfjum; r0ifbJ 7yfwefãaeygu 7efolonf t%k-rLvufeuftm; e,fa-rodkã tokH;-yKEdkif7ef 7Sdygonf? xdkta-ctaersKd;wGif rdrdwyfrsm;tm; t-cm;wpfae7modkã a-ymif;a7$åEdkifap7ef cHppfae7mopfrsm; pDpOfxm;7rnf-zpfygonf/ cHppfuèwGif 7efoltiftm; tqihfqifh ESpq f ifch I GJ pDrcH ck w H u dk cf u dk 7f rnf? 7efo. l t%k-rKvufeufrsm;tm; -zpfonfeh nf;-zifh zsufqD;-cif;ESifh rdrdwyfrsm;onf 7efol.ypfrSwfr-zpfapa7;/ tpdwfpdwft-r$m-r$m -zefãcJGae7m,l_yD; 0ifa7mufvmonfh7efoltm; owfuGif;twGif; 0dkif;Iacsr+ef;-cif; -zpfonf? 7efot l %k-rLvufeufrsm;tm; cHppfao-zifh ckc-H cif;r-yKbJ ae7mcHppf-yifqif _yD; a-ymif;vJckcHr+rsm; -yKvkyf7rnf-zpfonf? cGmppfuèwGif wyfrsm;tae-zifh *&k-yK 7rnfhtcsufrsm;rSm cGmppfAsL[m worwfwnf;r-zpfap-cif;/ vkH-cKHr+7Sd-cif;ESifh cGmppf qifrnfhtzJGårsm;tm; tkyfpktvkdufcJG_yD; 7nfrSef;csufodkã -zefãcJGcsDwufap-cif;-zpfonf? wpfzef csDppfqifrnfhAsL[muèwGif orm;&dk;usenf;-zifhom aqmif7GufoGm;7rnf -zpfaomfvnf; csDppfvrf;ajumif;ydwfqdkãr+rsm; r-zpfapa7; *&k-yK7rnf? csDppfvrf; ajumif;ydwfqdkãygu 7efolãt%k-rLypfrSwf-zpfoGm;Edkifonf? umuG,f7efenf;vrf;rsm; 4? t%k-rLvufeufypfrSwfrsm;onf rdrdwyf.aemufydkif;tkyfcsKyfr+Xmersm;vnf; yg0ifEdkifrnf-zpfonfhtwGuf rdrdtkyfcsKyfr+/ axmufyhHr+vkyfay;7mae7mrsm;-zpfonfh oabFmqdyf/ blwm&kH/ vufeufcJ,rf;odkavSmif&kH/ }uD;juyfuGyfuJr+Xmersm;tae-zifh umuG,rf r+ sm; -yKvkyx f m;7rnf-zpfygonf?vufeufc, J rf;rsm;tae-zifh yifrodak vSmifa7; wyfpepftm; usifhokH;-cif;r-yKbJ ae7mtESHãt-ym;-zefãcJGxm;-cif;onf t%k-rLypfrSwfrS vGwfuif;zG,f7m-zpfEdkifygonf? t%k-rLaygufuJG7mrSay:vmonfh "mwf-ymrdk;7efrS umuG,f7efrSm t%k-rLowWdjuG -rLr+efrsm;vGifh-yefãr+-zpfygu AkH;cdkusif;twGif; cdkatmif; -cif;/ tumtuG,fay;onfh t0wftxnf0wfqif-cif;ESifh aq;ajumoefãpif-cif;-zifh umuG,Ef ikd yf gonf? bDwm-rLr+eEf iS t hf iftm;avsmeh nf;aeonfh t,fvzf ma7mif-cnftwGuf -zpfygu t0wftxnfxlxl0wf-cif;ESifh &+;zdeyfxlxl0wf-cif;-zifh umuG,fEdkifygonf? *rfrma7mif-cnftwGuf-zpfygu xkxnfxlxyfaom AkH;cdkusif; tygt0if tumt7H wpfckck.aemufwGif cdkatmif;ae-cif;-zifh umuG,f7ygrnf? *rfrm a7mif-cnf. xd;k azmufrt + iftm;onftumt7Hwpfcck . k trsKd;tpm;ESix hf x k nfay:wGif rlwnfvsuf xuf0ufavsmhenf;aponf?

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 486

"mwkvufeufrsm;7efrS umuG,fenf;rsm; 5?

4if;vufeufrsm;-zifh ppfqifwdkufckdufr+rsm;tm; umuG,f7mwGif ,if;odkã wdkufcdkufr+udk vsif-refpGmod7SdEdkifa7;twGuf pkHprf;axmufvSrf;azmfxkwf-cif;rsm;/ owd ay;pepfrsm;/ wpfOD;csif;/ tzJGåvdkufESifhus,f-yefãpGm umuG,fukor+rsm;rSm t"dutm; -zifh ta7;ygvsuf7Sdonf? wdkufckduf-cif;cH7onfESifh vl.cE<mudk,ftwGif; cHpm;csuf rsm;tay:rlwnf_yD; od7Sda7;qdkonfrSm tvGefyifcufcJrnf-zpfonf? Todkã-zpf7-cif; rSmvnf; "mwfaiGårsm;tay:wGif tqif;/ teHã/ t7omr7Sd-cif;ESifh &+rd_yD;onfhwdkif atmif csufcsif;yif udk,ft*FgY t7dyfvuQ%mrsm;-yr+r7Sd-cif;ajumifh-zpfonf?

6? pl;prf;axmufvSrf;a7;wpf7yfrSm avxktm; ppfaq;onfhud7d,mrsm;udk tokH; -yK-cif;-zpfonf? ,if;ud7d,mrsm;tm; aoapwwfaom "mwfaiGårsm; pl;prf;a7;wGif tokH;-yKEdkifonf? t-cm;ud7d,mwpfckrSm "mwfa7mif-cnftm; tokH;-yKxm;onfh owfrSwfxm;aom "mwfaiGåtrsKd;tpm;rsm;udkom azmfxkwfEdkifpGrf;7Sdonf? tokH;-yK aom"mwfaiGårsm;rSm rsufpdESifhawGã-rifEkdifaom "mwfaiGårsm;-zpfygu ynmay;r+rsm; }uKdwif-yKvkyx f m;-cif;-zifh "mwfaiGårsm; vGiyhf sHvmaomvrf;ajumif;Y }uKdwifumuG,rf + rsm;-yKvkyfEdkif7ef omrefowday;pepfrsm;-zpfonfh w,fvDzkef;/ a7'D,dk-zifhqufoG,f -cif;/ oHacsmif;rsm;acguf-cif;/ tcsuf-ypepfrsm;-zifh tokH;-yK7rnf-zpfygonf?

7? axmufvSrf;r+rsm;-yKvkyf7mwGif wpfOD;csif;axmufvSrf;r+rsm;tae-zifh ESmacgif; -zifhteHãcH-cif;-zifhvnf;aumif;/ rsufvkH;rSrsuf7nf,dk-cif;udkjunfhIvnf;aumif;/ ayguf uJo G H wrlx;l -cm;oHjum;7-cif;ajumifv h nf;aumif;/ xdawGår+-zifo h 7d -cif;-zifv h nf; aumif; axmufvSrf;7rnf-zpfygonf?

8? ody`Hud7d,mypPnf;-zifhaxmufvSrf;-cif;tae-zifh a7mifpkHza7mif;cJwH ta7mif a-ymif;-cif;udkjunfhIvnf;aumif;/ vpfwrwfpuULudk ta7mifa-ymif;-cif;tm; junfh Ivnf;aumif;/ axmufvSrf;ud7d,mrsm;tokH;-yKIvnf;aumif; axmufvSrf;oGm;7 rnf-zpfygonf? wpf O D ; csif ; umuG , f a 7; 9? wpfOD;csif;umuG,fa7;twGuf "mwfaiGåtumtuG,f-yKaom acgif;pGyfESifh udk,ft*Fgtpdwftydkif;rsm;tm; tumtuG,f-yKonfh0wfpkHonf "mwk=ZD0ESifha7'D,dk owdWjuG"mwfvufeufrsm;tm;vkH; tEW7m,frS tenf;qkH;(14)7ufr# umuG,fay;Edkif onf? "mwfaiGåumuG,facgif;pGyfonf rsufpd/ rsufESmESifh&SL&d+ufaomavrsm;udk oefãpif ay;I ppfokH;"mwfaiGårsm;tm;vkH;eD;yg;udk umuG,fay;Edkifonf? ,ckacwfwGif wDxGif tokH;-yKvsuf7Sdaom acgif;pGyfrsm;onf tkyfcsKyfr+/ uGyfuJr+qkdif7mudpP7yfrsm;/ wkduf uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 487

ckdufa7;wm0efrsm;ESifh pm;a7;/ aomufa7;vkyfief;rsm;udkyif rsm;pGmtaESmifht,Suf r-zpfEdkifay? wdkufcdkufr+cH7onfhtcgwGif tumtuG,f77mypPnf;v$rf;-cKHxm;I "mwf aiGåt7nfrsm;udk umuG,f_yD; v$rf;-cKHxm;aomypPnf;rsm;tm; "mwfaiGåt7nfrsm;xd xm;ygu vsif-refpGmz,f7Sm;ypfvdkuf-cif;-zifh tumtuG,f7Edkifrnf-zpfonf? tb,f ajumifhqdkaomf tcsKdåaom"mwfaiGå7nfrsm;onf a7ESifhyvyfpwpftxlrsm;udkyif w-znf;-znf; pdrfh0ifEdkifpGrf;7Sd-cif;ajumifh-zpfonf?

10? tom;ay:odkã "mwf7nfrsm; oufa7mufr+7Sdv#if ,if;tm; pkyftm;aumif; aom t0wfp/ odkãr[kwf *Grf;pESifhokwfypfum qyf-ymudktokH;-yKaq;ajum-cif;-zifh oufom7m7Edkifonf? (G-Gas) trsKd;tpm;/ (Toxic Gas) rsm; -zpfygurl toifh xkwfay;xm;Ekdifaom (Atropine Tartrate) xdk;aq;wpfvkH;udk tokH;-yK-cif;-zifh ukoumuG,Ef ikd o f nf? (Atropine Tartrate) xd;k aq;wpfv;Hk wnf;-zifh vkaH vmuf -cif;r7Sdv#if trsm;t-ym;tokH;-yK_yD; (Artifical Respration) rsm;ay;7rnf-zpf onf? (Mouth To Mouth Respiration) vnf;ay;Edkifonf? Tenf;rsm;-zifh ukpm;ygu aoavmufonfxuf tq(50)r#yif ydkrdkrsm;-ym;aomyrm%udk &SL&+dufrdol rsm;yifv#if toufraobJ7SdEdkifonf?

11? udk,fcE<mtm; umuG,f7mwGif juufaygifap;-zifh pDrHa7mpyfxm;aom t0wf txnfrsm;onf tawmftwef umuG,fay;Ekdifonf? omrefAkH;cdkusif;onf ta7;ay: umuG,fr+twGuf oifhavsmfrnf-zpfaomfvnf; usif;twGif; "mwfaiGåatmif;aeEdkifr+udk txl;owd-yKoifhonf? ppfonfawmfrsm;twGuf csufcsif; rdrdudk,fudkrdrd olem-yKenf; tae-zifh touf&-+ cif;udk xde;f xm;-cif;-zifv h nf;aumif;/ "mwfaiGårsufEmS zk;H udk 0wfqif -cif;-zifhvnf;aumif;/ ta-ctaeay;v#if trdk;tum7Sd7mY tumtuG,f,l-cif; vnf;aumif;/ "mwfaiGårsm; rsufpdtwGif;odkã 0ifa7mufygu "mwfaiGåumuG,faom acgif;pGyrf 0wfqifrD rsufpEd iS rhf sufEmS udk a7-zifh aq;ajum okwo f if-cif;-zifv h nf;aumif; aqmif7GufoGm;Edkifonf?

12? tm&kHajumxdcdkufonfh (G-Gas) rsm;-zifh wdkufckduf-cif;cH7ygu tajumif;rJh rsuf7nf,dk-cif;/ vnfacsmif;ESifh7ifbwfjuyfum touf&SLcufcJ-cif;/ t-rifr+efvm -cif;wdãk-zpfvmwwfonf? ,if;odãk-zpfonfEiS w hf pf_yKdief uf rdru d , kd u f rkd rd d puUeãfyikd ;f twGi;f tufx&dkyifwmx7dwfxdk;aq;xdk;7ef-zpf_yD; aemufxyfwpfvkH;udk (5)rdepfjumv#if qufx;dk 7rnf-zpfonf? tu,fI roufomao;ygu aemufxyfwpfv;Hk udk (5)rdepfjum v#ifqufxdk;7rnf-zpfygonf? touf&SL7efodomvm_yD;cufcJ-cif;/ ',drf;',dkif-zpf vm-cif;/ tajumqJG-cif;/ rl;arh-cif;/ oGm;7nfw-rëm;-rëm;usvm-cif;/ rl;armf-cif;/ atmh uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 488

tef-cif;/ }udKåwuf-cif;ESifh qD;tvdktavsmufoGm;-cif;rsm;-zpfay:vmygu aq;ESpf vkH;qufwkdufxkd;7rnf-zpfygonf?

13? aoapwwfonf"h mwfaiGår[kwaf om "mwfaiGårsm;ESiw hf u kd cf u dk -f cif;cH7ygu a7S;OD; olem-yKvkyfief;-zifh vlemtm; avovyfr+7Sdatmifxm;-cif;-zifhvnf;aumif;/ a0'em cHpm;ae7yguvnf; ,if;a0'emrSm em7Dydkif;twGif;oufomapI touf&SLr+ vG,ful apaomud7d,mrsm;tokH;-yKum oufomr+77Sdap-cif;-zifhvnf;aumif;/ ESmacgif;ESifh yg;pyfwdkãudk a7-zifhaq;ajumap-cif;-zifhvnf;aumif;/ "mwfaiGåxdxm;aom t0wf txnfrsm;udk vJv, S af y;-cif;-zifv h nf;aumif;/ "mwfaiGå7nfxx d m;aom tom; rsm;tm; aq;ajumokwo f ifI aq;xnfah y;-cif;-zifv h nf;aumif; aqmif7u G f ay;7rnf-zpfonf? a7m*gydk;r$m;rsm; cE<mudk,ftwGif; 0ifa7mufapEdkifaomenf;vrf;rsm; 14? a7m*gydk;r$m;rsm;yg7Sdonfh tr+Htpufrsm;udk &SL&+dufrd-cif;/ a7m*gydk;r$m;rsm;/ odkãr[kwf a7m*gydk;r$m;rsm;rSxkwfvkyfonfh tqdyfrsm;yg0ifaom tpm;taomuf/ a7 ponfwdkãudk pm;aomufrd-cif;/ a7m*gydk;r$m;o,faqmifxm;onfh ydk;aumifESifh-cif aumifwkdã udkuf-cif;ajumifh ta7cHHGrSwpfqifh ydk;r$m;rsm;0ifa7muf-cif;ESifh rsufpdrS wpfqifh ydk;r$m;rsm;0ifa7muf-cif;ponfhenf;vrf;rsm;-zifh cE<mudk,ftwGif; 0ifa7muf Edkifygonf? umuG,fenf;rsm; 15? yk;d r$m;tE 7m,fru S muG,7f efprD 7H mwGif pl;prf;axmufvrS ;f -cif;/ owday;Ek;d aqmf -cif;/"mwfaiGãumrsufEmS zk;H rsm;0wfqif-cif;/ a7m8gumuG,af q;xk;d -cif;/ ul;puf-yefãymG ;r+ umuG,f-cif;/ omrefusef;rmr+tavhtusifhrsm;-zifh a7m8gumuG,fr+-yK-cif;ESifh oefã7Sif; pifju,fr+7Sd-cif;rsm;-zifh umuG,fr+-yKvkyfoGm;7rnf? ykd;r$m;vufeufrsm;tokH;-yKvm -cif;ukd csufcsif;od7Sd7eftawmfyifcufcJonf? ykd;r$m;vufeuftokH;-yKr+ukd a-rmufrsm; pGmaomenf;vrf;rsm;-zifh zkH;uG,fr+-yKEkdif-cif;ESifh ykd;r$m;rsm;ukd omrefrsufpd-zifh r-rifEkdif-cif;rsm;onf t"dutcuftcJrsm;yif-zpfonf? pl;prf;avhvmr+7Sdaompdwf"mwf/ ouFmruif;7Sdaompdwf"mwfrsm;-zifhom xl;-cm;r+rsm;tm; avhvmEkdifonf?

16? xkdokdãxl;-cm;r+rsm;avhvm7mwGif 7efol.,mOfrS trsKd;trnfrcJG-cm;Ekdifonfh ypPnf;rsm;/ tr+eftcJrsm;csoGm;onfhtcgwGifvnf;aumif;/ wrlxl;-cm;vsuf topf tqef;-zpfonfhAkH;rsm;/ usnfrsm;aygufuJGr+ awGã7Sd7onfhtcgwGifvnf;aumif;/ trdsK; trnfrodaom tck;d taiGårsm;awGå7S7d v#ifvnf;aumif;/ ppfonfrsm;rjumc% zsm;emr+ -zpfv#ifaomfvnf;aumif;/ csufcsif;xdckdufr+rsm;r-zpfaponfh vufeufrsm;-zifh ypfcH7v#ifaomfvnf;aumif;/ wd7p>mefrsm;/ oD;ESHyifrsm;/ &kwfw7uf!ëdK;EGrf;oGm; uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 489

-cif;rsm;7Sv d #ifvnf;aumif; ponfv h uQ%mrsm;7Syd gu ykrd m$ ;vufeufrsm;-zifh wku d cf u dk rf + cH7ajumif; awGã7SdEkdifrnf-zpfonf?

17? "mwfaiGãumuG,fr+twGuf acgif;pGyf("mwfaiGãumrsufESmzkH;)rsm;onf ykd;r$m;rsm; -zifh wkdufckdufvmr+tm; xda7mufpGmumuG,fEkdifpGrf;7Sdonf? xkdãajumifhykd;r$m;vufeuf -zifh wkdufckdufvdrfhrnf[k }uKdwifowif;7aomtcg/ oãkdr[kwf ykd;r$m;vufeuf-zifh wkdufckdufvmr+ukdod7SdEkdifaom enf;vrf;rsm;t7od7Sdvmygu "mwfaiGãumuG,fa7; acgif;pGyftm; 0wfqifxm;7rnf-zpfonf? a7m*gumuG,faq;xdk;-cif;rSmvnf; xda7mufonfhumuG,fa7;pepfwpfck-zpfayonf? odkãaomfvnf; tokH;-yKxm;aom ydk;r$m;rsm;udk wduspGmazmfxkwf_yD;rSomv#if a7m*gumuG,faq;rsm; xdk;Ekdifrnf-zpf onf? tcsdefrDumuG,faq;xdk;-cif;-zifh a7m*g-yefãyGm;r+udk umuG,fEdkifrnf-zpfayonf? ydk;r$m;usa7muf-yefãyGm;-cif;rS umuG,f7eftwGuf ydk;r$m;usa7mufzG,f7Sdaom tpm; taomufrsm;udk a7SmifjuOf7rnf-zpfonf? ydk;r$m;rsm;onf cE<mudk,ftwGif;odkã tpm; taomufESifhtqkyfwdkãrS 0ifa7mufEdkifonf? ydk;r$m;-zifh wdkufcdkuf-cif;cH7_yD;aemuf pnfoGwfbl;tpm;tpmwdkãwdkãudk pm;okH;Edkifonf? odkãaomf rpm;rD a7wGif-yKwf-cif;/ odkãr[kwf azmufIaocsmpGm-yKwf_yD;rSom pm;okH;oifhonf?

18? acwfrDzHGã_zKd;wdk;wufvmonfESifhtr# vufeufrsm;rSm wpfaeãw-cm; qef;opf wDxGifxkwfvkyfaejuOD;rnfom-zpfonf/ ,if;odkã qef;opfwDxGifxkwfvkyfaer+rsm;ESifh vufeufopfrsm;.pGrf;yum;rsm;/ umuG,f7efenf;vrf;rsm;udk tcgtm;avsmfpGm avhvmoGm;7efvdktyfayrnf? vufeufrsm;tm; xdef;csKyfuefãowfa7;/ zsufodrf;a7; ponfhoabmwlnDcsufrsm;77ef }uKd;yrf;aejuaomfvnf; wpfEdkifiHESifhwpfEdkifiHtpGrf; xufonfxuf xufatmif v#Kdå0SufIwpfrsKd;/ a-ymifa-ymifwif;wif;-zifh wpfenf; vufeufopf/ vufeufqef;rsm;udk wDxGifxkwfvkyfqJyif-zpfygonf? rnfodkã-zpfap xdkvufeufrsm;ESifh uefãowfcsufrsm;tm; rdrdwdkãEdkifiH. a7/a-r/awmawmifobm0 ta-ctaersm;ESifh vlaeusJonfh yx0Dtaetxm;wdkãtay: tcGifhaumif;,l_yD; umuG,fr+rsm;/ wGef;vSefwdkufcdkufr+rsm; vkyfaqmifoGm;ygu t%k-rK/ "mwk/ ydk;r$m; vufeufrsm;.7efrS umuG,fEkdifrnf-zpfayonf?

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 490 aemuf q uf w J G (Z)

Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7; (Tunnel

Warfare)

1?

Orifv% kd af cgif;ppfqifa7; (Tunnel Warfare) onf 7efou l kd tvpftidu k f 77Sdap7ef ypftm;tqrwefomvGefaom7efoltm; juhHjuhHcHckcHEkdif7efESifhacwfrDvufeuf rsm;-zifh wdu k cf u kd v f maom7efot l m; uefãowfcsufrsm;-zpfay:apvsuf xdcu kd q f ;Hk &+;H r+rsm; -zpfay:ap7ef ponfh7nf7G,fcsuftrsKd;rsKd;-zifh aqmif7Gufavh7Sdonf? Orifvdk%facgif; wl;azmf7mwGif omrefokH;ud7d,mrsm;rS acwfrDud7d,mrsm;-zifh wl;azmfonfhenf;vrf; rsKd;pko H ;Hk I aqmif7u G Ef ikd o f nf? ,aeãumvwGif ok;H pJv G suf7adS om EsLuvD;,m;vufeuf uJhodkã zsufpGrf;tm;}uD;rm;onfh vufeufrsm;ESifh wdkufckdufr+tm; uefãowfcsufrsm; -zpfay:ap-cif;/ enf;ynmomvGefaomvufeufrsm;-zifh okH;pJGwdkufcdkufvmaom 7efol tm; ukefusp7dwfrsm;-ym;ap-cif;/ rdrdrSorm;&dk;usvufeufrsm;-zifh 7efoludkxdcdkuf usqkH;r+rsm;-ym;ap_yD; a-rae7mtm; qufvufxdef;odrf;xm;Edkif-cif; ponfhtusKd; aus;Zl;rsm; 77Sdaponf?

2? orm;&dk;usenf;AsL[mÑvufeufrsm; tokH;-yK_yD; wdkufckdufvmaom7efoludk ysufpD;qkH;&+H;r+rsm; -zpfay:ap7efESifh orm;&kd;usr[kwfaom ppfenf;AsL[mÑvufeuf rsm;-zifh wkdufcdkufvmaom 7efoludk uefãowfcsufrsm;-zpfay:apvsuf twdkif;twm wpf7yftxd ckcHwkdufcdkufEdkif7ef Orifvkd%facgif;ppfqifa7;ukd usihfokH;qifE$J7onf?

Orifvdk%facgif;trsKd;tpm;ESifhykHoémef Orif v d k % f a cgif ; trsKd ; tpm; 3? tpm;? obm0tavsmuf-zpfay:aeaom OrifESifh vlvkyfOrif[lI cJG-cm;Edkifonf? obm0Orifrsm;onf a-ray:/ a-ratmufESifha7atmuf wdkãwGif obm0tavsmuf-zpfay:ae_yD; ykef;cdk7eftwGuf ydkrdktokH;0ifonf? vlom; wdkãrS 7nf7G,fcsufwpfck-zifh wl;azmfaqmufvkyfaom Orifrsm;wGif ausmufrmOrif/ a-raysmhOrifESifh a7atmufOrifrsm;yg0if_yD; tokH;-yKrnfh 7nf7G,fcsufay:rlwnf uJ-G ym;onf? ppfzufqidk 7f mwGif tok;H -yKaom Orifrsm;udk yke;f cd7k efusif;rsm;/ csOf;uyf7ef vrf;ajumif;rsm;/ a-ratmufta-cpdkufpcef;rsm;/ cHppfta-cpdkufpcef;rsm;t-zpf awGå7SdEdkif onf = (u) ykef;cdkusif;rsm; rsm;? yke;f cd7k eftwGuf tok;H -yKaom usif;rsm;-zpfonf? vG,u f l vsif-refpmG ykzH sufz;Hk uG,x f m;Edik _f yD; 0ifaygufrsm;udk tvG,w f ulr-rifEikd f 7ef csKHykwfrsm;/ awmpyfrsm;wGifxm;7Sdonf? av0ifaygufrsm;udk vdk%facgif; uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 491

twGif;xdk;xnfh_yD; rsufESm-yifudk &kyfzsufxm;onf? tcsKdåykef;cdkusif;rsm;.

0ifaygufonf a7atmufwGifzkH;uG,fxm;avh7Sdonf? ( c ) csOf;uyf7efESifhxGufa-y;7efvrf;ajumif;rsm; rsm;? e,fa-rwpfckodkã pdrfh0if xdk;azmuf7efESifh -yefvnfqkwfcGm7ef tokH;-yKaom vkd%facgif;rsm;-zpfonf?

4if;vdk%facgif;rsm;onf 7Gmrsm;/ vrf;rsm;/ wif;ukyfrsm;/ befumrsm;/ opf awmtkyfrsm;udk qufoG,fazmufvkyfxm;onf? ( * ) ta-cpdkuf{7d,mm? trdefãay;ae7m/ vufeufodkavSmif&kH/ 7duQmodkavSmif&kH/ aq;&kHae7mrsm;twGuf 7nf7G,fwl;azmfxm;onf? 4if;vdk%facgif;rsKd;onf tcef;rsm;pGm7Sd_yD; v#yfppfrD;ESifht-cm;oufomacsmifcsdr+rsm; 77SdEdkifonf?

(C) cHppfpcef;rsm; rsm;? 4if;Orifrsm;onf cHwyftaetxm; -yifqifwnfaqmuf xm;onf? a-r-yifay:wGif tv,fbefumwpfck7Sd_yD; 4if;befumESifht-yif befumrsm;udk (100)rDwmrS(150)rDwm7Snfaom vdk%facgif;rsm;-zifh qufo, G x f m;onf? t-yifbefumrsm;onf tv,fbefumudk 0dik ;f ywf vsuf ywfvnfwnfaqmufxm;onf? befumtm;vkH;wGif acgifuwkwfESifh ykHzsufxm;aomypfaygufrsm;7Sdonf? t-yeftvSeftaxmuftulay;7efESifh 7efolãe,fa-rtuJjunfhrS tuJjunfh-cif;r-yKEdkifatmif ae7m,lxm;onf? ( i ) bef u mrsm; mrsm;? 0ifaygufrsm;onf trsm;tm;-zifh tdrfwpfvkH;.ukwif/ odkãr[kwf pm;yJGatmufwGif7Sd_yD; t-yifxGufaygufwpfck7Sdonf? befum. jurf;-yifonf a-rrsufESm-yifxufedrfh_yD; trdk;udk opfvkH;}uD;rsm;-zifh wnf aqmufxm;onf? tcsKdåbefumrsm;udk uGefu7pfESifhwnfaqmufI befum rsm;onf -rifvG,faom xGufaygufwpfckESifh zkH;uG,fxm;aom xGufayguf wpfck/ odkãr[kwf wpfckxufydkI7Sdonf? befum.ypfaygufrsm;onfa-r -yifxufwGif7Sdonf? wnfaqmuf-cif;tqifhrsm; 4?

Orifv% kd af cgif;wpfcw k nfaqmuf7eftwGuf atmufygtwdik ;f aqmif7u G 7f onf = (u) blrdaA'taetxm;a7G;cs,f-cif;? ( c ) Orifvdk%facgif;wl;azmf-cif;? ( * ) avoefãpif-cif;?

(C) a7pdrfh0ifr+tm;xdef;csKyf-cif;? ( i ) tvif;a7mifay;r+? ( p ) vkH-cKHr+udpP7yfrsm;? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 492

5? blrdaA'taetxm;a7G;cs,f-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;tm; rwl;azmfrD tao; pdwfokawoersm;udk wl;azmfrnfhvrf;ajumif;wpfav#muf-yKvkyf7rnf? okawoe -yKvkyf7rnfhtcsufrsm;rSm blrdaA'zJGåpnf;ykH/ a-rv$mrsm;/ ausmufom;rmausmr+/ -ywfa7Går+rsm;ESifh avsm-ywfr+rsm;/ a-rom;tqufrsm;/ a-r_yKd-cif;rsm;/ a-ratmuf7Sda7/ a7ylprf;ESifh "mwfaiGåwdkã-zpfonf?

Orifvdk%facgif;wl;azmf-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;rsm;udk atmufygenf;vrf;rsm; 6?

-zifh wl;azmfEdkifonf = (u) wl;azmfa7;u|r;f usio f yl nmonfrsm;/ tvkyo f rm;rsm;ESiw hf nfaqmuf -cif;? ( c ) puf,Eó7m;rsm;tokH;-yKwnfaqmuf-cif;? ( * ) acwfrD,rf;bDvl;rsm; tokH;-yKwnfaqmuf-cif;? wl ; azmf a 7;u|rf ; usif o l y nmonf r sm;/tvk y f o rm;rsm;-zif h w nf a qmuf 7?

-cif;? 4if;wnfaqmuf-cif;rSm omrefvufeufud7d,m/ omreftwwfynmESifh tvkyf jurf;orm;rsm;-zifh wnfaqmufEkdifonf? puf , Eó 7 m;rsm;tok H ; -yKwnf a qmuf - cif ;? Orifwnfaqmuf7mwGif puf 8? ,Eó7m;rsm;udktokH;-yK-cif;-zifh wl;azmfr+vkyfief;wGif ausmufom;rsm;udk vsif-refpGm -zwfawmufEkdif-cif;/ xGufay:vmonfha-rpmudk vsif-refpGmusKH;,lEkdif-cif;ESifh t-yifodkã o,fxkwf-cif;vkyfief;rsm;udk wpfqufwnf;vkyfaqmifEdkifonf? Orift7G,ftpm; trsKd;rsKd;ESifhykHoémeftrsKd;rsKd;udkvnf; wl;azmfEdkifonf? vkyfief;aqmif7Guf7mY vdktyf aom taxmuftul-yKypPnf;rsm;udkvnf; csufcsif;wyfqifEdkif_yD; ausmuf/ a-rom; _yKdus-cif;udk xda7mufpGmumuG,fEdkifonf? acwf r D , rf ; bD v l ; rsm; tok H ; -yKwnf a qmuf - cif ; ? ,rf;bDvl;rsm;tokH; 9?

-yKwnfaqmufrw + iG f vGew f iG ;f wl;azmuf-cif; (Drilling) ESihf azmufc-GJ cif; (Blasting) [lI ESpfydkif;7Sdonf = (u) vGefwGif;wl;azmuf-cif; (Drilling) ? azmufcJG-cif;vkyfief;twGuf vGef wGif;wl;azmuf-cif;.vkyfief;pOfrsm;twGif; taygufwl;azmuf-cif;/ taygufrsm;xJodkã aygufuJGypPnf;rsm;xnfh-cif;/ ausmufa-rpmrsm; _yKdusvm ap7ef azmufcJG-cif;wdkã-zpfonf? ( c ) azmufcJG-cif; (Blasting) ? azmufcJG-cif;wGif aygufuJGypPnf;wpfrsKd;. pGr;f tif-zpfay:ap7ef aygufuyGJ pPn;f onf -rifrh m;aomtyl7edS af jumifh }uD;rm; uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 493

aom"mwfaiGåxkxnft-zpfodkã a-ymif;vJ_yD; wGef;ueftm;udk,lI aygufuJG ap-cif;-zpfonf? xdkodkãaygufuJG-cif;-zifh a-rom;/ ausmufom;rsm;udk _yKduJGaponf?

10? a-rpmrsm;usKH;-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;wl;azmf-cif;vkyfief;wGif a-rpmrsm;o,f xkwf-cif;onf ta7;}uD;aomvkyfief;wpf7yf-zpfonf? _yKdus_yD;aoma-rpm wpfukA rDwmtm; vkyfom;wpfa,mufvuf-zifh 0efwif-cif;onf rdepf(50)rS wpfem7Dtxd tcsdefjumonf? a-rpmo,fxkwf-cif;vkyfief;twGuf okH;7aomtcsdefonf Orifvdk%f acgif;wpfcv k ;Hk wl;azmf7onft h csed w f iG f (30)7mcdik Ef e+ ;f rS (40)7mcdik Ef e+ ;f txdyg0ifaeonf? xdkãajumifh acwfrDOrifwl;azmfa7;vkyfief;rsm;wGif 0efwifpufrsm;udktokH;-yKvmju_yD; 4if;,Eó7m;rsm;onf (4)ukArDwm7Sdaoma-rpmrsm;udk wpfrdepfrS okH;rdepftwGif; wifay;Edkifonf? a-rpmrsm;udk o,fxkwf7mwGif vufwGef;vSnf;/ oHvrf;a-y;,mOfESifh pufcg;ywfrsm;-zifh o,fxkwfay;Edkifonf?

11? opfom;a'gufrsm;axmuf-cif; (Tembering)? urBmha-rxkonf obm0 t7 udk,fydkifwnf_idrfr+7Sdaomfvnf; obm0udkqefãusifvsuf vlom;wdkãu wl;qG _zKdazmufvdkufaomtcgyifudk,f wnf_idrfr+ysuf-ym;oGm;_yD; rlvwnf_idrfr+rsKd; 77Sdap7ef obm0u}uKd;pm;ayonf? Tenf;tm;-zifh vlom;wdkãwl;azmfvdkufaomae7mwdkif; a-rom;rsm;.zdtm;rsm; -zpfay:7onf? 4if;zdtm;rsm;onf wGif;rsm;.teufudk rlwnf I trsKd;rsKd;-zpfay:vmonf? urBmhtay:,Ha-rxk(0rS500)aywGif tay: zdtm;wpfck wnf;om t"du-zpfaomfvnf; (500rS100)ayteufwGifrl ab;bufrS zdtm;onf vnf; *&k-yKrnfhzdtm;-zpfonf? (1000ayESifhtxuf) teufwGifrl tbufbufrS oufa7mufaeaom zdtm;rsm;7Sdaeaomajumifh wl;azmf7mwGif 4if;zdtm;rsm;ESifh vdkufavsmnDaxGonfh taxmuftulypPnf;rsm;udk wyfqiftokH;-yK7ef tvGef ta7;}uD;onf? tu,fI taxmuftulypPnf;rsm; wyfqiftokH;-yK-cif;vkyfief;udk tcsdefrDr-yKvkyfygu eH7HESifhtrdk;wGif tufajumif;rsm;-zpfay:vm_yD; _yKdusr+rsm; juKHawGåEdik o f nf? taxmuftult-zpftok;H -yKaomypPn;f rsm;rSm opf/ oHr%d/ uGeu f 7pf ESifhoHuluGefu7pfwdkã-zpf_yD; vkyfief;trsKd;tpm;/ 7nfrSef;csuf/ ykHoémefwdkãudkrlwnfI trsKd;rsKd;uJG-ym;onf? opfom;a'gufaxmuf-cif;vkyfief;wGif rsufESm-yifwpfzufwnf; axmufuef-cif;/ rsufESm-yifESpfzufaxmufuef-cif;/rsufESm-yifokH;zufaxmufuef-cif; ESifh rsufESm-yifav;zufaxmufuef-cif;[lI7Sdonf?

12? uGefu7pfvkyfief; (Concrete Lining)? uGefu7pfavmif;-cif;onf wl; azmfaeonfh Orifvdk%facgif;wpfav#mufwGif7Sdonfh ausmufom;/ a-rom;rsm; r_yKd uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 494

usatmif taxmuftul-yKonfhenf;vrf;rsm;xJrS wpfck-zpfonf? 4if;udk Orifwl; azmfonfhynm7Sifrsm;rS a-rom;zdtm;tay:7Sd 0efzdtm;/ a7xkzdtm;/ ivsifwdkãudk wGufcsuf_yD; vkdtyfcsuftwdkif; ykHpHxkwf7onf? uGefu7pfavmif;-cif;vkyfief;. enf;vrf;okH;rsKd;7Sdonf? yxrenf;rSm atmufa-cudkuGefu7pfOD;pGmavmif;_yD; ab;eH7HESifh trdk;udkavmif;/ 'kwd,enf;rSm ab;eH7HESifhtrdk;udk OD;pGmuGefu7pfavmif;_yD;rS atmufa-cudkavmif;-cif;-zpfonf? wwd,enf;rSm ab;ywfvnftpGef;wpf-yifvkH;udk wpfcsdefwnf;wGif uGefu7pfavmif;-cif;-zpfonf?

ykH(101) tcdkiftrm cHppfpcef;rsm;-yykH 13? avoefãpif-cif; (Ventilation)? a-ratmufvkyfief;ae7mrsm;rS npfnrf; aomavrsm;udk z,f7Sm;I avoefã-zifh tpm;xdk;-cif;udk avoefãpifonfhvkyfief;[k ac:onf? a-ratmuf7Sdavrsm;onf atmufpD*sifyg0ifr+avsmhenf;-cif;/ a7aiGåESifhzkef r+efãyg0ifr+rsm;-cif;/ "mwfaiGårsm;a7maESmae-cif; ponfhtajumif;rsm;ajumifh npfnrf; uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 495

r+rsm;-zpfay:avh7Sdonf? t"dutnpftaju;"mwfaiGårsm;rSm umAGef'dkifatmufqdk'f/ umAGefrdkaemufqdk'f/ Edkufx&dkufatmufqdk'fESifh zkefr+efãwdkã-zpfonf? xdkãajumifh npfnrf; I ylaEG;aomavESifhzkefr+efãyg0ifaomavudk a-r-yifxuf7Sd oefãpifonfhavat;ESifh tpm;xdk;vJvS,fEkdif7ef pDpOf7onf?

14? ykHwGif wGif;(1)udk wGif;(2)xuf ydk-rifhatmifwl;azmufxm;onf? aqmif;7moD wGif a-r-yiftxuf7Sdavonf a-ratmuf7Sdavxufydkat;_yD; odyfonf;qydkrsm;onf? xdkãajumifh ydkrdkav;vmonfh avtuefã (a'c') onf ydkayghaomavtuefã (ac) udk wGef;xkwfay;onf? aEG7moDwGifrl a-r-yiftxuf7SdavrSm a-ratmufavxuf ydI k ylaEG;onf? xdãkajumifh avonf qefãusiOf ;D wnf7mbufoãkdvn S yhf wfonf? tu,fI t-yifavESifhtwGif;avwdkã tylcsdefwlnDaomtcg-zpfap/ a-rtedrfht-rifhuGm-cm;enf; yg;onfhtcg-zpfap obm0av0ifr+7Sdrnfr[kwfbJ yefumrsm;-zifh a-ratmuf7Sd npf-irf;aomavrsm;udk pkyfxkwf-cif;/ oefã7Sif;aomavrsm;udk r+wfoGif;-cif;rsm; -yKvkyfEdkifonf?

15? a7pdrfh0ifr+ESifhxdef;csKyf-cif;(Source and Control of Water)?

Orifvdk%f acgif;wl;azmf7mwGif a7rsm;Orifvdk%facgif;xJodkã r0ifa7mufap7ef wm;qD; xdef;csKyf-cif;onf tvGefta7;}uD;onf? a-ray:7Sda7rsm;udkpepfwus a7Ekwfa-rmif; rsm;tok;H -yKxkwyf pf-cif;-zifh Orifv% kd af cgif;twGi;f odãk a7pD;0if-cif;Ña7pdr0hf if-cif;rsm;udk toifhtwifhxdef;csKyfEdkifonf? Orifvdk%facgif;wl;azmfonfha-rom;onf a7pdrfh 0ifEdkifaom a-rom;rsm;-zpfv#if a-rmif;rsm;udk uGefu7pfa7a-rmif;rsm;-yKvkyfoifhonf? usKd;-ywfEdkifonfha-rtaetxm;rsm;awGåv#if a7oG,fa-rmif;rsm; vrf;v$Jrsm;-zifh a7SmifI wl;oifhonf? Orifvkd%facgif;.tay:bufwGif a7pdrfh0ifEdkifaoma-rrsKd;7Sdv#if 4if; a-rv$mESifh Orifvdk%facgif;tjum; ausmufv$mxk7Sdoifhonf? xdkãajumifh Orifvdk%f acgif;wl;azmf7ef vrf;ajumif;7Sm7mwGif ausmufom;xk7SdÑr7Sd 7SmazGppfaq;oifhonf?

Orifvdk%facgif;twGif;7Sd a7rsm;udkz,f7Sm;ykHrSm Orifvdk%facgif;wpfckudk a7-yifnD/ odkãr[kwf atmufodkã pdkufwl;7onf? a7rsm;udk Orifvdk%facgif;. t0/ odkãr[kwf a'gifvdkufpdkufwGif;7Sd7modkã puf7d,mtultnD-zifhydkã7onf? Orifudk txufbufodkã wl;azmufaeygu a7udk obm0twkdif;pD;qif;ap7ef wl;azmufay;_yD; atmufydkif;wGif (Pump) pepf-zifh a-ray:odkãpkyfwifz,f7Sm;7rnf?

16? tvif ; a7mif a y;r+ p epf ? OriftwGif;wGif v#yfppf"mwftm;tokH;-yKygu wdkuf&dkufv#yfpD;ajumif;udk okH;oifhonf? t-yeftvSef v#yfpD;ajumif;rSm 7efolaxmuf vSrf;7efvG,fulaomajumifh-zpfonf? v#yfppf"mwftm;r7Ekdifygu za7mif;wdkifudkom uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 496

okH;oifhonf? za7mif;wdkifrD;onf avxktwGif; umAGef'dkifatmufqdk'f(10)7mcdkifE+ef; xuf rsm;aeygu rD;xGef;r7ay? xdkãajumifh za7mif;wdkifrD;okH;-cif;-zifh oefã7Sif;onfh avvkHavmufpGm 7SdÑr7Sd odEdkifonf? "mwfcJokH;vufESdyf"mwfrD;rsm;vnf;tokH;-yKEdkif onf?

17? vkH-cKHr+? a-ratmufwl;azmfr+vkyfief;wGif rawmfwqxdcdkufr+rsm;-zpfay:Edkif _yD; xdcdkufr+rsm;.tajumif;7if;rSm a-r_yKd-cif;/ o,faqmifr+rsm;rSxdcdkuf-cif;/ aygufuJG -cif;/ "mwfaiGå/ zkef/ rD;avmifr+rsm;/ puf7d,mxdcdkufr+ESifh taxGaxGxdcdkufr+rsm;-zpf onf? rawmfwqxdcdkufr+rsm;udk umuG,f7efopfom;a'gufrsm; axmuf_yD; _yKdusEdkif

ykH(102) avoefhpif-cif;ykH aomta-ctaeudk rjumc%ppfaq;-cif;/ xdkãt-yif vrf;ajumif;rsm; us,fus,f -yefã-yefãwl;azmuf-cif;/ oHvrf;rsm;udk pepfwus-yKvkyfwwfqif-cif;/ -yK-yifxdef;odrf; -cif;/ oHvrf;a-y;,mOfacgif;wJGrsm;ESifh aemufwJGrsm;aumif;rGefaomta-ctae 7SdÑr7Sd rjumc% ppfaq;-cif;-yKvkyf7rnf? tvGefwdkpGm-zwfxm;aom,rf;}uKd;rsm;tokH;-yK -cif;/ ,rf;wGif;rsm;udk owWKoHrsm;-zifh zdodyf-cif;/ aygufuJGapaomypPnf; aowWmrsm; udk oHr%dpdkãrsm;-zifhzGifh-cif;/ azmufcJGolESifh}uD;juyfol t7nftcsif;r-ynfh0-cif;udk owd -yKa7Smif7mS ;7rnf? xdãk t-yif tajumif;trsK;d rsK;d ajumifh rD;avmif-cif; umuG,7f efukd owd-yK7rnf? pufud7d,mrsm;. v+yf7Sm;tpdwftydkif;rsm;udk zkef;tkyfxm;_yD; owday; qdkif;bkwfrsm; csdwfqJGxm;7rnf-zpfonf? a-ratmufwl;azmf-cif;vkyfief;wGif rawmf uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 497

wq xdcdkufr+rsm;twGuf aq;bufqdkif7m tumtuG,frsm; }uKdwifpDpOfxm;7ef vdktyfonf? a7S;OD;olem-yKpkenf;-zifh -yKpkEdkif7ef olem-yKaowWmrsm;xm;7Sd-cif;/ em;vnf wwfu|rf;olrsm;xm;7Sd-cif;wdkãudk aqmif7Gufxm;7rnf?

Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;t*Fg7yfrsm; 18? Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;.t*Fg7yfrsm;rSm = (u) a-cmufaoGåaoma-rrsufESm-yifwGif wnfaqmufEkdif-cif;? ( c ) pdkpGwfaomawmifay:a'owGif wnfaqmufEkdif-cif;? ( * ) aqmufvkyfa7;ypPnf; tenf;qkH;ESifh wnfaqmufEkdif-cif;?

(C) omreftwwfynm-zifhwnfaqmufEdkif-cif;?

19? a-cmufaoGåaoma-rrsufESm-yifwGifwnfaqmufEdkif-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif; rsm;udk a-cmufaoGåaoma-rrsufESm-yif a-rae7mtrsKd;tpm;tvdkuf owfrSwfwnf aqmufEdkifonf? a-cmufaoGåaomae7ma'owGif wnfaqmufaomOrifonf twGif; eH7Humaxmifhrsm; ukefusr+oufom_yD; ydkrdkcdkifcefãonf?

20? pdkpGwfaomawmifay:a'owGif wnfaqmufEkdif-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;tm; pdkpGwfaomawmifay:a'owGifvnf; wnfaqmufEkdifonf? odkãaomf taxmuftul ypPnf;rsm;-zpfaom opfom;a'gufwkdifrsm;ESifh ab;eHumrsm;vdktyfonf? jum7SnfpGm tokH;-yKvdkygu oHr%da'gufrsm; wyfqifwnfaqmufoifhonf? txl;o-zifh _yKdus r+tEó7m,ftm; }uKdwifwGufqvsuf *&k-yKaqmif7Guf7onf?

21? aqmufvkyfa7;ypPnf;tenf;qkH;-zifh wnfaqmufEdkif-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif; wnf aqmuf7mwGif opfrsm;/ a'gufwdkifrsm;/ 0uftl ponfhypPnf;rsm; tenf;qkH; -zifh wnfaqmufEdkif_yD; vufokH;ud7d,mrsm;rSmvnf; wl7Gif;/ aygufwl;/ aygufc|ef;/ a*: -ym;ponfh omrefvlokH;ypPnf;rsm;-zifh wl;azmfwnfaqmufEkdifonf? a77SnftokH; -yK 7ef7nf7, G yf gu ydrk o kd ;Hk pG7J rnfyh pPn;f rsm;rSm opfom;wdik rf sm;ESihf trd;k tum-yKvky7f ef opfom;-ym;rsm;-zpf_yD; vufo;Hk ud7, d mrsm;t-zpf v$/ aqmuf/ ykqed rf sm;om-zpfayonf?

22? omref t wwf y nm-zif h w nf a qmuf E d k i f - cif ;? Orifvdk%facgif;rsm;aqmuf vkyf7mwGif omreftwwfynm7Sifrsm;/ tvkyform;rsm;-zifh wnfaqmufEdkifayonf? wd;k wufa-ymif;vJvmaom acwfrv D ufeufpepfrsm;. '%fuckd EH ikd 7f efEiS hf ppfenf;AsL[m/ ppfr[mAsL[ma-rmufOrifrsm; wnfaqmufrSomv#if u|rf;usifaomtwwfynm7Sif rsm;ESifh puf,Eó7m;rsm;/ acwfrDenf;ynmrsm; vdktyfayonf? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 498

Orifvdk%facgif;.pGrf;7nfrsm; 23? Orifvdk%facgif;.pGrf;7nfrsm;rSm atmufygtwkdif;-zpfonf = (u) 7moDOwk'%fcHEdkif-cif;? ( c ) tiftm;_cKd;-cHEdkif-cif;? ( * ) tidkufzrf;Ekdif-cif;?

(C) vSnhfpm;Edkif-cif;? ( i ) v#Kdå0Sufodkodyfr+7Sd-cif;? ( p ) vkH-cKHaomta-ccspcef;rsm; wnfaqmufEdkif-cif;? (q) orm;&dk;usvufeuf}uD;rsm;. '%fudkcHEkdif7nf7Sd-cif;? ( Z ) t%k-rL/ ydk;r$m;/ "mwkvufeufrsm;tEó7m,frS twkdif;twmwcktxd cHEdkif 7nf7Sd-cif;? ( ps ) 7efol.ppfuèav;7yfvkH;udk qkH;&+H;ap-cif;? (n) 7efo. l rsKd;-yKwfow k o f ifa7;ppfyw GJ iG f wpfrsKd;om;vk;H .touft;kd tdrpf nf; pdrfudkumuG,fEdkifpGrf;7Sd-cif;?

24? 7moDOwk'%fcHEkdif-cif;? OriftwGif;aexkdifygu av0ifavxGufenf;yg;_yD; vkH-cKHr+7Sdo-zifh -yifyrS 7moDOwk'%ftm; aumif;pGmumuG,fEdkifayonf?

25? tiftm;_cKd;-cHEkdif-cif;? Orifvd+%facgif;ppfqifa7;onf 7efoludk ykef;atmif; wkdufckduf7-cif;-zpfI 7efolãtae-zifh ypfrSwfrsm;tm;7SmazG7efESifh ypfrSwfrsm;ypfcwf7ef cufcJ-cif;udkjuKHawGåaponf? 7efolonf ypfrSwfysufpD;r+udk cefãrSef;7efcufcJ_yD; rdrdrS ysufpD;oGm;onfhae7mtm; vsif-refpGm-yifqiftokH;-yKEdkifonf? xdkãajumifh tiftm; omvGefaom 7efoludk rdrdtiftm;tenf;i,f-zifh aumif;rGefpGmckcHEdkifaomajumifh tiftm;_cKd;-cH ac|wmEdkifayonf?

26? tidkufzrf;Ekdif-cif;? 7efoludk atmif-rifpGm acsr+ef;wkdufckdufEdkif7ef tidkufzrf; Edkifr+onf ta7;}uD;onf? 1960 -ynfhESpfrsm;twGif; a-rmufudk7D;,m;wdkãonf ppfyJG -zpfyGm;vmygu rdrdwyfzJGårsm;tm; cdkifrmxlxJonfh trdk;tumatmufrSaeI awmifudk7D;,m;EdkifiHodkã tidkufzrf;wdkufckdufEdkif7ef ppfrJhZkH (Demilitarize Zone, DMZ) udk-zwfI Orifvdk%facgif;rsm; wl;azmfcJhjuonf? 4if;ppfrJh ûZkHacsm0ifa'oü (Char Won) twGif; awGå7Sd7aomOrifvdk%facgif;onf a-ratmufrDwm (50rS150 twGif;) wnf7Sd_yD; (3300)rDwm7Snfvsm;um tus,f(2)rDwm/ t-rifh(2)rDwm7Sdonf? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 499

OriftwGif; ao;i,faom,mOfrsm;-zwfoef;Edkif_yD; wpfem7Dv#if ppfonftiftm; (8000)cefã-zwfoef;oGm;Edkifonf? Orifvdk%facgif;. t0ifaygufrsm;tm; e,fa-r taetxm; t7 usnfvGwfa-rwGifwl;azmfxm;onf? Orifppfqifa7;-zifh ta-ctae oifhawmfaom a-rae7mtvdkuf 7efoltm; tcsdeftidkuf/ vltidkuf/ yx0Dtidkuf/ ae7mtikduf 7,lwkdufcdkufEdkifayonf?

27? vSnfhpm;Ekdif-cif;? vSnhfpm;wdkufckduf-cif;onf ppfyJGwpfckatmif-rif7eftwGuf ta7;ygaomppfenf;AsL[mwpf7yf-zpfonf? Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;-zifh 7efoltm; ykef;atmif;um vSnhfpm;wdkufcdkufEkdif-cif;/ tidkufzrf;wdkufcdkuf-cif;rsm; aqmif7GufEdkif ayonf? Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;wGif 7efolonf rnfonfhae7mtm; t"duxm; I wdkufcdkufEdkif7rnf (Oyrm =ta-rmufae7m/ vufeufcJ,rf;ae7m/ uGyfuJr+ae7m/ 7duQm/ aq;0g;rsm;ae7m)udk cefãrSef;7ef vGefpGmcufcJap-cif;/ Orifvdk%facgif;0ifayguf rsm;tm; 7SmazG7efcufcJ-cif; ponfhtusKd;aus;Zl;rsm;77Sdatmif vSnhfpm;Edkifayonf?

28? v#Kdå0Sufodkodyfr+7Sd-cif;? Orifppfqifa7;onf 7efolãtm; xdcdkufusqkH;r+rsm; -ym;ap7ef v#Kdå0SufodkodyfpGm-zifh ppfqifaom ppfenf;AsL[mwpfck-zpfayonf? v#Kdå0Suf odkodyfr+7Sd-cif;ajumifh 7efolrS rdrdtm;enf;csufae7mudk7SmazG7efESifh wdkufckduf7efcuf cJ-cif;/ Orifvdk%facgif;tm; acsr+ef;7mwGif oG,f0dkufypfcwf7efcufcJ-cif;rsm;-zpfay: aponf? wdkuf&dkufypfcwfr+rsm;rSmvnf; ypfrSwfudk wdkuf&dkufxdrSefatmif ypfcwf7ef cufcJ_yD; 7efolãta-rmufrsm; a7SåqkH;xd csOf;uyfwkdufckdufrSom xda7mufr+7SdEdkifonf? xdkodkãcsOf;uyfpOfwGif rdrdvufeufrsm;-zifh ypfcwfacsr+ef;Edkifaom tusKd;aus;Zl;rsm; 77Sdayonf? xdkãt-yif wdkufyJGwpfyJGxufwpfyJG Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;enf;vrf; rsm;udk wdk;wufaqmif7GufEdkifo-zifh 7efolonf wkdufyJGwpfyJGxufwpfyJG tiftm;rsm;/ enf;vrf;topfrsm;/ pGrf;aqmifr+topfrsm; rGrf;rH_yD;rSom wdkufckdufEdkifrnf-zpfayonf?

Todkãv#Kdå0SufodkodyfpGm ppfqifwdkufcdkuf-cif;ajumifh 'kwd,urBmppf_yD;qkH;umeD;umv wGif *syefwdkã. Orifvdk%facgif;cHppfajumifh tar7duefwyfrsm;onf avajumif;/ a7ajumif;ypfulESifh t-cm;ypfula-rmufrsm;pGm omvGefaomtiftm;rsm;-zifh wdkufcdkuf cJhaomfvnf; vlpkHu|ef; (Luzon) wdkufyJGwGif (10)rdkifc7D;udk csDwuf7ef okH;vcJG jumapcJh_yD; wpf7ufv#if (165)udkufE+ef;omcsDwufEdkifcJhonf? tdkuDem0gu|ef;wdkufyJG wGif (6)rdkifc7D;udkcsDwuf7ef (58)7ufjum-rifhcJhonf? wpf7ufv#if (180)udkufE+ef;om csDwufEdkifcJhajumif; awGå7Sd7onf?

29? vkH-cKHaomta-ccspcef;rsm;wnfaqmufEkdif-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7; onf vkH-cKHItidkufzrf;wdkufcdkufEdkifaom ppfenf;AsL[m-zpfo-zifh Orifrsm;wnfaqmuf uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 500

xm;-cif;-zifhrdrdwdkãtwGuf vkH-cKHaomta-ccspcef;rsm;t-zpf tokH;-yKEdkifonf? odkã7mwGif Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;udk tokH;-yKolonf a-ymif;vG,f-yifvG,f7Sd7efvnf; vdktyf onf? Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;. oabmw7m;onf 7efoludktrsm;qkH; t-rwf xkwfowf-zwf_yD;aomtcg 4if;ae7mudk pGefãv$wf7aomoabm7Sdonf? ae7mwGif ykHao pJGI ckcH-cif;onf 7efoltae-zifh acsr+ef;7efvG,fulajumif; owd-yK7ayrnf? cHppf taetxm;ESifh Orifvdk%facgif;wGif ckcH_yD;aemuf ae7ma7$ã-cif;/ xdkãaemufwpfzef 4if;ae7modkã -yefvnf0ifa7mufae7m,l_yD; -yefvnfwdkufcdkuf-cif;/ pdrfh0ifppf/ vSnfhwufppf/ nwdkufyJGwdkãESifh wJGzuftokH;-yK-cif; ponfwdkãaqmif7Guf7onf?

ykH(103) ukd7D;,m;ppfyGJumv ppfrJhZkefwGif wl;azmfcJhaom Orifvdk%facgif;ykH 30? orm;&dk;usvufeuf}uD;rsm;.'%fudk cHEdkif7nf7Sd-cif;? Orifppfqifa7;onf orm;&dk;usvufeuf}uD;rsm;.'%fudk aumif;pGmcHEkdif7nf7Sdayonf? 'kwd,urBmppf twGif; tdkuDem0gu|ef;wdkufyJGwGif tar7duefa7wyfrS wdkufav,mOf (650)ESifh AkH;juJ -cif;/ a7wyfwkdufyJG0ifoabFm}uD;(6)pif;/ c&kZm(6)pif;/ zsufoabFm(6)pif;/ wd k u f a7,mOf ( 6)pif ; rS ypf u l r sm;t-yif ta-rmuf w yf 7 if ; (27)7if ; rS

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 501

ypftm;wdkãESifhypfulay;I wdkufcdkufcJhayonf? rdepf(40)twGif; ta-rmufusnfaygif; (19000)awmifyh pfcwfI csOf;uyfwu dk cf u dk cf ahJ omfvnf; *syefppfonf (190)a,mufom usq;Hk o-zifh *syefwyfom; wpfO;D tm; owf-zwf7ef ta-rmufusnf (100)awmifo h ;Hk pJcG 7hJ ayonf? 4if;wdkufyJGwGifta-rmufwyfrS usnfaygif; (1766352)awmifh/ a7wyfrS ta-rmufusnfaygif; (600000)okH;pJG-cif;t-yif av,mOfrsm;rS AkH;juJwkdufcdkufcJhaomf vnf; *syefwdkãtaeESifh aumif;pGm-yefvnfckcHEdkifcJhonf? 4if;ypftm;onf omvGefaom ypftm;-zpf_yD;a-r-yifay:wGif aumif;pGmzsufqD;Ekdifrnf-zpfaomfvnf; *syefwdkã.

Orifvdk%facgif;rsm;udkrl xda7mufpGmzsufqD;acsr+ef;Edkif-cif;r7dScJhay?

31? t%k-rL/ ydk;r$m;/ "mwkvufeufrsm;. tEó7m,frS twdkif;twmwpfcktxd cH E d k i f 7 nf 7 S d - cif ;? pepfwusaocsmpGm wnfaqmufxm;aom Orifrsm;twGif;Y cdkatmif;aexdkif-cif;-zifh a-ray:wGif aygufuJGaomt%k-rL/ "mwk/ ydk;r$m;tEó7m,frsm; onf a-ratmufOriftwGif;odkã tvG,fwul0ifa7mufEdkif-cif;r7Sdo-zifh Orifvdk%f acgif;ppfqifa7;onf 4if;vufeufrsm;.'%fudk twkdif;twmwpfcktxd cHEkdif7nf 7Sdayonf?

32? 7efol.ppfuè(4)7yfpvkH; qkH;&H+;ap-cif;? Orifppfqifa7;. v#Kdå0Sufodyf onf;r+7Sd-cif;/ tidkufzrf;wdkufckdufEdkif-cif;ponfh tm;omcsufrsm;udk tokH;-yKI 7efol . csDppfudk [efãwm;wdkufckdufEdkif-cif;/ 7efol.wdkufppfudkaumif;pGmcHppfqifEdkif-cif;/ 7efol.cHppfudk Orifwl;I v#Kdå0SufpGm0ifa7mufwkdufckdufEkdif-cif;/ 7efolcGmppfudk tidkuf zrf;wdkufcdkufEdkif-cif;wdkãajumifh 7efol.ppfuè(4)7yfpvkH; qkH;&H+;apEdkifonf?

33? 7ef o l . rsKd ; -zKwf o k w f o if a 7;ppf y J G r sm;wG i f wpf r sKd ; om;vk H ; . touf tdk;tdrfESifh pnf;pdrfudkumuG,fEdkifpGrf;7Sd-cif;? t%k-rLvufeufrsm;/ "mwkydk;r$m; vufeufrsm;-zifh -ynfyEdkifiHrsm;rS rdrdEdkifiHtm; usL;ausmfwkdufckduf_yD; EdkifiHtwGif; usL;ausmfrsKd;-zKwfow k o f ifa7;ppfyrGJ sm; wdu k cf u kd v f mygu Orifv% kd af cgif;rsm;twGi;f odãk rdr-d ynforl sm;tm;0ifa7mufaeap_yD; wef-yefwu kd cf u dk -f cif;wdãk-zifh 7efo. l rsK;d -zKwfow k o f if -cif;tEó7m,frsm;rS umuG,fEdkifpGrf;7Sdayonf? 1960 -ynfhESpfrsm;twGif;u w&kwfEdkifiH onf qdkAD,uf-ynfaxmifpkrS EsLuvD;,m;vufeuf-zifh wkdufcdkufvmrnfhtEó7m,fudk umuG,f7ef vlxkudktumtuG,fay;7eftwGuf a-ratmufwGif Orifvdk%facgif;}uD; rsm;tm; pwifwnfaqmufcJhjuonf? _idrf;csrf;csdefumvwGif a-ratmufOrifrsm;tm; puf&kHi,frsm;/ tpnf;ta0;cef;rrsm;/ pm;aomufqkdifrsm;/ [dkw,fESifhta7mif;qdkifrsm;/ &kyf7Sif&kHESifh uyJGrsm;t-zpf tokH;-yKjuonf?

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 502

ykH(104) a-rmufukd7D;,m;wkdh. ppfrJhZkefwGif (DMZ) Orifvdk%facgif;-zwfykdif;ykH Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;.uefãowfcsufrsm; 34? Orifppfqifa7;aqmif7Guf7mwGif atmufyguefãowfcsufrsm;7Sdayonf = (u) 7moDOwk? ( c ) a-rrsufESm-yif? ( * ) vltiftm;?

(C) ypPnf;tiftm;? ( i ) "etiftm;? ( p ) tcsdef? (q) v#Kdå0Sufr+? ( Z ) v+yf7Sm;r+? ( ps ) qufoG,fr+? (n) tkyfcsKyfr+?

35? 7moD O wk? Orifvdk%facgif;twGif; cdkatmif;aexkdif-cif;-zifh -yify7moDOwk '%fudkcHEkdifaomfvnf; 7moDOwkqdk;0g;vGef;onfh rdk;rsm;aoma'o/ a7v#Haoma'o rsm;wGif azmufvkyf7efcJ,Of;onf?

36? a-rrsufESm-yif? Orifvdk%facgif;tm; rnfonfha-rrsufESm-yifwGifrqdk azmuf vkyfEdkifaomfvnf; rdrd7nf7G,fcsuftay:rlwnfI ae7ma7G;cs,fwnfaqmuf7ayonf? a77SnftokH;-yK7ef7nf7G,fcsuf7Sdygu tcsdeftiftm;ESifhaiGaju;ukefusr+rsm; ydkrdkrsm;vm rnf-zpf_yD; obm0Orifrsm;udk rGrf;rHtokH;-yKEdkifygu tcsdef/ tiftm;/ aiGaju;ukefus r+oufomEkdifayonf?

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 503

37? vltiftm; m;? Orifvdk%facgif;twGif;aexkdif7ef usOf;usyfr+7Sd-cif;ajumifh ykef;cdk 7efvltiftm; uefãowfcsufrsm;7Sdonf? tcsdefumvjum-rifhpGm ykef;atmif;aexkdifygu tnpftaju;pGefãypf7efenf;vrf;rsm;udk pDrHxm;7rnf? Orifvdk%facgif;wl;azmf7mwGif vnf; vkyfief;aqmif7GufaeonfhrsufESmpmonf usOf;a-rmif;aomajumifh 7Sdor# vltiftm;udk tpGrf;ukeftokH;r-yKEdkifonfh uefãowfcsufrsm;7Sdayonf?

38? ypPnf;tiftm; m;? Orifvdk%facgif;trsKd;tpm;tvdkuf vdktyfonfhypPnf;rsm; udk vdktyfonfhtcsdefwGif vdktyfoavmuf tvG,fwul77SdEkdifa7;rSmvnf; uefãowf csufwpfck-zpfayonf? rvdktyfonfhypPnf;rsm;udk }uKdwifpkaqmif;rdygu vkyfief;vkyf aqmifonfhtcg 7yfwefãr+rsm;-zpfay:apEdkifo-zifh Orifvdk%facgif;wl;azmf7-cif; 7nf7G,fcsufESifhtnD vdktyfonfhypPnf;rsm;. twdkif;twmESifh t7nftaoG;tm; pdppfI }uKdwif7SmazGpkaqmif;xm;7ayrnf?

39? "etiftm; m;? Orifv% kd af cgif;wnfaqmuf7mwGif 7nf7, G cf sufEiS hf wnfaqmuf 7-cif;-zpf_yD; Orifvdk%facgif;.t7nftaoG;/ tus,ft0ef; ponfhvdktyfcsufrsm; tvdu k f aiGaju;ukeu f sr+7o dS -zifh rvdt k yfbw J ;l azmfygu Edik if .

H bèmaiGrsm;tv[\ -zpf7wwfayonf?

40? tcsd e f ? Orifvdk%facgif;wpfcktm; wnfaqmuf7mwGif vkkdtyfaomt7nf taoG;77Sad p7ef vkaH vmufaomtcsde7f 7Srd o S m -zpfEidk af yonf? Orifv% dk af cgif; wl;azmf -cif;onf vltiftm;7Sdoa7Gåwl;azmfEkdif-cif;rsKd;r[kwfo-zifh }uKdwifwl;azmf7ef vkdtyf ouJhokdã ppfyJG-zpfr/S okdãr[kwf ppfyJG-zpfyGm;rnfht7dyfta,mifrsm;7SdrS tvsift-ref wl;azmf7efrvG,fulay? TonfrSmvnf; csifhcsdefaqmif7Guf7rnfh ta7;}uD;aom uefãowfcsufwpfck-zpfayonf?

41? v#Kdå0Sufr+? Orifv% kd af cgif;rsm;wl;azmf_yD;rS v#Kdå0Surf a+ ygufjum;o-zifh 7eforl S od7SdoGm;ygu ae7ma7$åa-ymif;I xyfrHwl;azmf7efrvG,fulay? Orifvkd%facgif;rsm; wl;_yD; tokH;r-yKbJae7ma7$åa-ymif;I v+yf7Sm;ppfupm;aeyguvnf; Orifv+d%facgif; ppfqifa7;. 7nf7, G cf sufysuf-ym;apEkid o f nf? xkãd ajumifh Orifv% dk af cgif;.wnfae7m/ t7G,ftpm;/ zJGãpnf;wnfaqmufykH/ tm;enf;csufrsm;/ 0ifÑxGufaygufrsm; paom tcsuftvufrsm;tm;vkH; v#Kdå0Sufxm;7ayrnf? okdã7mwGif Orifvkd%facgif;wl;azmf7mY vltiftm;okH;pJG7-cif;rsKd;vnf;7dSI owif;raygufjum;apa7;twGuf cufcJwwfonf? yifv,fauGãppfyJGwGif tD7wfppfOD;pD;tzJGãonf pepfwuswl;xm;aom a-ratmufOrifrS aewkd;wyfzJGã.AkH;usJwkdufckduf-cif;tm; juHhjuHhcHEkdifcJhaomfvnf; aemufykdif;wGif Orif uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 504

wnfaqmufay;aom ukr`%DxHrS Orifvkd%facgif;.v#Kåd0Sufcsufukd 77SdoGm;o-zifh Orif0ifaygufESifhav0ifaygufrsm;udk 7SmazGwdkufcdkufcHcJh7ayonf?

42? v+yf7Sm;r+? Orifvdk%facgif;ae7mtm; 7efolrSrod7SdEdkifap7ef rdrd.v+yf7Sm;r+ rsm;udkvnf; *&k-yKv+yf7Sm;7rnf-zpfonf? Orifvdk%facgif;teD;tem;wGif rdrdv+yf7Sm; r+rsm;-ym;-cif;/ 7duQmÑvufeufcJ,rf;rsm; pkaqmif;-cif; ponfhv+yf7Sm;r+wdkãajumifh 7efol rS Orifv% kd af cgif;ae7mudk cefãreS ;f Ekid _f yD; *&k-yKrdvm-cif;rsK;d r-zpfap7ef rdrw d yfzåGJ . v+yf7Sm;r+udk uefãowfxm;7rnf?

43? qufoG,fr+? Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;rSm a-ratmufwGifaqmif7Guf7o-zifh a-ratmufae7mtcsif;csif;qufoG,fr+rsm;/ a-ratmufESifha-ray:qufoG,fr+rsm; aumif;rGefap7efESifh tquftoG,fr-ywfap7ef *&k-yKaqmif7Guf7rnf?

44? tk y f c sKyf r +? Orifvdk%facgif;twGif;vrf;ajumif;rsm;ESifh cHppfae7mrsm;onf usOf;a-rmif;o-zifh oGm;vm7efcufcJonf? xdkãajumifh wdkufyJG-zpfyGm;csdefwGif wpfae7m wGif -zpfyGm;aeaom-zpfpOftm; t-cm;wpfae7mrS csufcsif;od7SdEdkif7efrvG,fulay? xdkãajumifh wdkufyJG-zpfyGm;csdefwGif tkyfcsKyfuGyfuJ7ef tcuftcJ7Sdayonf? xdkãajumifh wdkufyJG0ifppfonfrsm;tm; wdkufyJGr0ifrD !$efjum;csufwduspGmay;-cif;/ ppfonfrsm;. xdk;xGif;^m%f-zifhaqmif7Gufap-cif;/ qufoG,fa7;pepf aumif;rGefatmif aqmif7Guf -cif;ESifh vdktyfaomcJ,rf;rD;ausmuf/ a7/ 7duQmrsm;-zefãa07ef }uKdwifaqmif 7Gufxm; 7rnf? xdkã-yif vlemo,fxkwf-cif;/ ysufpD;aomae7mrsm;tm; vsif-refpGm-yifqifEkdif7ef pDpOf-cif;/ usqkH;ppfonfrsm;xm;7Sd7efae7m/ '%f7m7ppfonfrsm;uko7efESifhxm;7Sd7ef ae7mrsm;udkvnf; pDpOfxm;7rnf? 7efoltm; wef-yefwdkufckdufEdkif7ef Zmwfwkduf avhusifhr+rsm;-yKvkyfxm;_yD; t7efwyfzJGå.ae7mESifhvkyfaqmif7rnfh wm0efrsm; owfrSwfxm;7rnf? vdktyfaomae7modkã ypfultcsdefrDay;Edkif7ef ndëEd+if;xm;7rnfh t-yif vufatmufwyfrõ;i,frsm;odkã tm%m-zefãa0ay;7ef vdktyfayonf?

Orifvdk%facgif;-zifh oD;-cm;ppfqif-cif;enf;vrf;rsm; 45? Orifvdk%facgif;-zifh oD;-cm;ppfqifr+rsm;rSm 7efoltm; axmifacsmufoGif;okwf oif-cif;/tzJGåi,fvkduf wdkufcdkufacsr+ef;-cif;/ axmifacsmufrsm;tokH;-yKwdkufckduf-cif;/ cdkatmif;wdkufcdkuf-cif;ESifh vufeufi,frdkif;ESifhaxmufacsmuftokH;-yKwdkufckduf-cif;wdkã -zpfonf?

46? 7ef o l t m; axmif a csmuf o G i f ; ok w f o if - cif ;? Orifvdk%facgif;pwifwnf aqmufpOftcguyif OriftwGif; axmifacsmufcef;i,frsm; xnfhoGif;wnfaqmuf uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 505

_yD; wHcg;0Su/f tH0u S rf sm;wyfqifxm;onf? OriftwGi;f odãk 0ifa7mufvmaom 7efot l m; axmifacsmufcef;i,fxJodkã a7muf7Sdonfhtcg }uD;juyfrdkif;rsm;/ vufypfAkH;/ vufeuf i,frsm;-zifh acsr+ef;wdkufcdkuf-cif;-zpfonf?

ykH (105) 7efoltm; axmifacsmufoGif;okwfoif-cif;ykH (w&kwf) 47? tzJGåi,ftvdkufwdkufcdkufacsr+ef;-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;twGif;7Sdvrf;ajumif; rsm;ab;wGif tcef;0Sufrsm;wnfaqmufxm;_yD; aoewfypf7ef/ 7efoludkacsmif;junfh 7ef 7efolãtoHudk em;pGifhEkdif7ef taygufi,frsm;azmufxm;_yD; 7efolOriftwGif;odkã a7muf7Sdaomtcg tzJGåi,frsm;ESifhacsr+ef;wdkufckduf-cif;-zpfonf?

48? (ql;Ña-imifhÑcvkwf) axmifacsmufrsm;tokH;-yKwkdufckduf-cif;? OriftwGif; vrf;ajumif;rsm;wGif ql;/ a-imif/h cvkw/f axmifacsmufrsm;wyfqifxm;-cif;/ Orif-yify 7efolcsOf;uyfEdkifaom vrf;ajumif;rsm;wGifvnf; ql;/ a-imifh/ cvkwf/ axmif acsmufrsm;wyfqifI 7efoltm; wdkufcdkuf-cif;-zpfonf?

49? cdkatmif;wkdufcdkuf-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;tm; ta-ccHpcef;t-zpf v#Kdå0SufpGm uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 506

tokH;-yKcdkatmif;I 7efol.qufoG,fa7;vrf;ajumif;rsm;udk tidkufzrf;wdkufcdkuf-cif;/ csKHcdkwdkufcdkuf-cif;/ owif;axmufvSrf;-cif;/ rdkif;axmif-cif;/ acsmif;a-rmif;ypfcwf -cif; ponfhenf;vrf;rsm;-zifh tusKd;7SdpGmwdkufckduf-cif;-zpfonf?

50? vufeufi,f/ rdkif;ESifhaxmifacsmuftokH;-yKwdkufckduf-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif; -zifh cHppfqif7mwGif Orifa7Så 7efolcsOf;uyfEdkifaomvrf;ajumif;rsm;tm; rdkif;ESifhaxmif acsmufrsm;wyfqif_yD; ypfcwfr+-zifh pdk;rdk;um ykHzsufzkH;uG,fI wkdufcdkuf-cif;-zpfonf? *syefESifha-rmufudk7D;,m;wdkã -yKvkyfcJhaom Orifvdk%facgif;rsm;wGif ta-rmufrsm;udk OriftwGif; euf&+dif;pGmwl;I wnfxm;_yD; ypfcwf7efvdktyfonfhtcsdefwGif ypfayguf rsm;odkã qJG,lypfcwfcJhonf? ta-rmufrsm;onf rsufESmpmwpfckvkH;udkypfcwfEdkif7ef pDpOfxm;_yD; t7efae7mrsm;udkvnf; a7G;cs,fxm;onf? ta-rmuftydkypPnf;rsm;ESifh ta-rmufusnfrsm;udk vkHavmufpGmpkaqmif;xm;_yD; w,fvDzkef;vdkif;rsm; qufoG,f wyfqifxm;onf?

Orifvdk%facgif;rsm;7SmazG-cif; 51? Orifvdk%facgif;rsm; 7SmazG-cif;udk atmufygenf;vrf;rsm; tokH;-yK7SmazGEdkif onf = (u) Orifvdk%facgif;wnfae7mudk twnf-yKEdkif7ef axmufvSrf;7SmazG-cif;? ( c ) teHãcHacG;rsm;-zifh7SmazG-cif;? ( * ) uif;ykef;0yfI7SmazG-cif;?

(C) okHãyef;rsm;/ ppfa-y;'kuQonfrsm;tm; ppfaq;I 7SmazG-cif;? ( i ) rdrdtrmcHrsm; -rëKyfESH7SmazG-cif;? ( p ) pGefãypfa-rpmrsm;/ vloGm;vrf;ajumif;rsm;udk junfhI7SmazG-cif;? (q) tDvufx7Gefepfpufrsm; tokH;-yK7SmazG-cif;?

52? Orif v d k % f a cgif ; wnf a e7mud k axmuf v S r f ; 7S m azG - cif ;? Orifvdk%facgif; wnfae7mudk axmufvSrf;7SmazG7ef yxrtqifhtae-zifh us,f0ef;aome,fa-rrS ao;i,faom{7d,mtqifh av#mhcs_yD;-zpfEdkifaomae7mrsm; 7SmazGowfrSwf7onf?

-zpfEdkifaomvdk%facgif;wnfae7mrsm;. vuQ%mrsm;rSm av,mOfrsm;7SmazGawGå7Sd -cif;cH7_yD;aemuf wdusaomOD;wnf7mwpfckodkã a-ymufusm;rsm; a7Gåvsm;ae-cif;/ odom xif7Sm;aomcGmppfvrf;ajumif;r7Sdonfh ae7mrsm;rS acsmif;a-rmif;ypfcwfr+ ay:ayguf -cif;/ vlaexkdif7mae7mrsm;ESifha0;uGmaomae7mwGif oD;ESHpdkufysKd;a7;O,smOfrsm;7Sdae uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 507

ykH(106) tqdyf"mwfaiGtokH;-yK-cif;rS umuG,f-cif; (w&kwf)

ykH(107) OriftwGif; wkdufcdkuf-cif;rsm; (AD,uferf)

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 508

-cif;/ vlaexdkif-cif;r7Sdaomae7mrsm;wGif rD;cdk;/ odkãr[kwf [if;csufaomteHã77Sd -cif;rsm; -zpfonf? wdusaom{7d,mwpfckwGif vdk%facgif;7Sdonf[k qkH;-zwf_yD;ygu a-cvsif wyfrsm;-zif7h mS azG7ef aqmif7u G 7f onf? wyfcw GJ pfcu GJ kd (1000)rDwmpwk7ef;xuf ydrk kd wm0efray;oifah y? Orifv% kd af cgif;teD;wGif 7SmazG7rnfh tcsurf sm;rSm opfyifay:7Sd yGef;yJhaomae7mrsm;/ om;aumifa-c7muJhodkãvrf;ajumif;rsm;/ ckwfxm;aomopfyifrsm;/ av,mOfrSr-rif7atmif zkH;uG,fxm;onfhopfyifxdyfem;Y csDxm;aomopfudkif;rsm;/ av0ifaygufrsm;/ tazmfrygaomvlwpfOD;awGå7-cif;/ vwfwavmcsufxm;aom tpm; tpmrsm;/ vwfwavmpGefãypfxm;aom tnpftaju;rsm;-zpfonf?

53? teHãcHacG;rsm;ESifh7SmazG-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;tm; 7SmazG7eftwGuf avhusifh ay;xm;aom teHãcHacG;rsm;tokH;-yKI 7SmazGEkdifonf? odkã7mwGif AD,ufaumif;wdkãonf Orifvdk%facgif;rsm;. 0ifaygufrsm;tm; tdrfwpftdrf.rD;zdkatmufY xm;7Sdwwf_yD; 0ifaygufrS Orifvdk%facgif;7Snf}uD;-zifh yifrtcef;odkãqufxm;um 4if;yifrpcef;tm; aus;7Gma7uefatmufY wl;azmfxm;7Sdwwfonf? xdkãajumifh 0ifaygufudkteHãcHacG; -zifh 7SmazGIr7awmhay?

54? uif ; yk e f ; 0yf I 7S m azG - cif ;? Orifvdk%facgif;wpfck. wnfae7mudkod7Sdaomf vnf; tao;pdwftcsuftvufrsm;udkod7SdrSom xda7mufpGm wdkufckdufEdkifayonf? xdkãajumifh Orifvdk%facgif;wnf7Sdaomae7mwpfcktm; wdkufcdkufrnfqdkygu owif; wduspGm77Sd7ef uif;ykef;0yfaxmufvSrf;7rnf? xdkã-yif oHo,7Sdaomae7mrsm;ESifh 7efolã v+yf7Sm;r+rsm;tm; uif;ykef;0yfaxmufvSrf;-cif;-zifh tvG,fwul7SmazGacsr+ef;Edkifonf?

55? okHãyef;rsm;/ ppfa-y;'kuQonfrsm;tm; ppfaq;7SmazG-cif;? zrf;qD;7rdaom oHkãyef;rsm;ESifhppfa-y;'kuQonfrsm;udk ppfaq;azmfxkwf-cif;-zifh Orif.wnfae7mESifh tcsuftvufrsm;udk od7SdEdkifayonf? udk7D;,m;ppfyJGtwGif; a-rmufudk7D;,m;rS awmifudk7D;,m;odkã cdkvH+0ifa7mufvmolwpfOD; xkwfazmfa-ymqdkr+ajumifh a-rmuf udk7D;,m;wdkã ppfrJhZkH (DMZ) 7Sd Orifvdk%facgif;tajumif; od7SdcJhonf?

56? rdrdtrmcHrsm;-rëKyfESH7SmazG-cif;? rdrdaxmufyhHarG;-rLxm;aom trmcHrsm;udk }uKdwif-rëKyfESHxm;onfhenf;vrf;rsKd;pkH tokH;-yK7SmazGaxmufvSrf;ap-cif;-zifh 7efolãOrif vdk%facgif;.wnfae7mESifhtcsuftvufrsm;udk od7SdEkdifayonf?

57? pG e f ã y pf a -rpmrsm;/ vl o G m ;vrf ; ajumif ; rsm;ud k junf h & + 7 S m azG - cif ;? Orif vdk%facgif;wl;azmf7mwGif xGufay:vmaom pGefãypfa-rpmrsm;/ vloGm;vrf;ajumif; rsm;ay:rlwnfI 7SmazGEdkifonf? xdkã-yif ywf0ef;usiftm; tpOfowd-yKa-c7mcH-cif; uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 509

-zifhvnf;aumif;/ avajumif;"mwfykH&dkuf-cif;/ avajumif;uif;axmuf-cif;wdkãrSvnf; aumif; 7SmazGEkdifonf?

58? tDvufxa7mepfpuf-zifh7SmazG-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;wl;azmf-cif;vkyfief;wGif tao;pm;azmufcJGr+rsm;-yKvkyf7avh7Sdo-zifh acwfrDtDvufx7Gefepfpufrsm;-zifh 7SmazG Edkifonf? a-rivsifwdkif;wma7;pufrsm;/ tm&kHcHud7d,mrsm;ESifh t-cm;aomenf;vrf;rsm; tokH;-yK-cif;-zifhvnf; 7SmazGEdkifonf?

Orifvdk%facgif;rsm;tm; acsr+ef;wkdufcdkuf-cif; 59? Orifv% kd af cgif;wnf7adS om ud7, d mwpfcu k kd 7Si;f vif;wdu k cf u kd 7f mwGif pepfwus vkyfaqmif7efvdktyfonf? ppfqifa7;vkyf7ef 7nf7G,fxm;aom {7d,mtus,f t0ef;ay:rlwnfI wyfzJGåtiftm;udk qkH;-zwf7onf? omreftm;-zifh wyfcJGwpfcJG/ odkãr[kwf wyfpkwpfpktm; wm0efay;7avh7Sdonf? acsr+ef;wkdufcdkuf7mwGif vkyfaqmif 7rnfhtqifhrsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;-zpfonf = (u) zJGåpnf;-cif;? ( c ) 7SmazG-cif;ESifhacsr+ef;-cif;? ( * ) 7Sif;vif;-cif;?

(C) zsufqD;-cif;? ( i ) qufvuftokH;r-yKap7efaqmif7Guf-cif;?

60? zJGåpnf;-cif;? wyfcJGwpfcJGudk vkH-cKHa7;tzJGå/ 7SmazGa7;tzJGåESifh t7eftzJGå[lI zJGåpnf;7rnf? wyfcJG&kH;onf vkH-cKHa7;tzJGåESifhtwlxm;7Sd7rnf = (u) vk H - cKH a 7; 7;? wyfpkwpfpkonf wyfcJG&kH;ESifhyl;aygif;I 7SmazG7rnfh{7d,mudk 0dkif;7Hxm;onf? ( c ) 7SmazGa7; 7;? wyfpkwpfpkonf teD;qkH;{7d,mrsm;wGif vd+%facgif;udk7SmazG onf? 7SmazGa7;tzJGåudk 7SmazGa7;tzJGåi,fESifh vkH-cKHa7;tzJGåi,ft-zpf zGJåpnf;wm0efay;tyfEdkifonf? ( * ) t7ef? wyfpkwpfpkonf 0dkif;7Hxm;7mY ulnD_yD; vdktyfovdk tm;-znfhay; 7onf?

(C) wyfpkwpfpkudkvnf; txufygtwkdif; tzJGå okH;zJGcJGI aqmif7Guf7onf? wyfpk&kH;onf wyfpdwfwpfpdwfESifhvkH-cKHa7;wm0ef xrf;aqmif7onf?

61? 7SmazG-cif;ESifhacsr+ef;-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;enf;AsL[m-zifh wdkuf uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 510

cdkufaeaom7efoltm; 7SmazGI acsr+ef;wdkufckduf7mwGif t-cm;vufeufrsm;xuf xda7mufaomvufeufrsm;-zpfonfh e*g;pufaoewf (Flame Thrower) rsm; tok;H -yK-cif;/ taqmufttkzH sufonfh bl'Zkd mÑrdik ;f rsm; tok;H -yK-cif;/ wifu h m;rsm;tok;H -yK-cif;ESifh "mwfqDÑavmifpmqDrsm; taygufrSavmif;xnfh_yD; rD;&+dåwdkufcdkuf-cif; ponfh enf;vrf;rsm;-zifh wdkufcdkufacsr+ef;Edkifayonf?

62? 7Sif;vif;-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;rsm;tm; 7Sif;vif;7mwGif {7d,mwpfckvkH;tm; odrf;ydkuf0dkif;7Hxm;_yD; 7Sif;vif;a7;tzJGårsm;-zifh 7Sif;vif;7rnf? xdkãaemuf Orifvdk%f acgif;twGi;f 7Sd 7eforl sm;/ odãk r[kwf t7yfom;rsm;tm; t-yifoãkd xu G v f map7ef pJaG qmif ac:,l7rnf? 0ifaygufrsm;Y rdkif;ESifhaxmifacsmufrsm; wyfqifxm;-cif; 7SdÑr7Sd ppfaq; _yD; OriftwGif;odkã rD;cdk;rsm;udkr+wfoGif;um rD;cdk;xGufaygufrsm;rSwpfqifh Orift7G,f tpm;ESifh xGufaygufrsm;udk od7Sdatmifvkyf7rnf? 7Sif;vif;a7;tzJGårsm; OriftwGif; odãkr0ifa7mufrD r+wo f iG ;f xm;aomrD;cd;k rsm;udk 7Si;f vif;7rnf? pepfwuszåGJ pnf;xm;onfh i,f7, G zf swfvwforl sm;-zifh Orifv% kd af cgif;7Si;f vif;a7;tzJåG zJåG pnf; um7Si;f vif;7rnf?

7Sif;vif;a7;tzJGåtcsif;csif;ESifh a-ray:wyfzJGårsm; qufoG,fEdkifatmif qufoG,fa7; pepfrsm; pDpOfxm;7onf? 7Sif;vif;a7;wyfzJGåonf OriftwGif;rS oHvdkuftdrfa-rëmif !$ef;'D*7D-zifh owif;ay;ydkã_yD; a-ray:wyfzJGårS a-rykHjurf;a7;qJG7rnf? Orift7Snfudk od7EdS ikd 7f ef 7Si;f vif;a7;wyfzåGJ rsm;ESihf a-ray:wyfzåGJ rsm;tjum; wdik ;f wmowfrw S x f m;aom }uKd;rsm;-zifh qufoG,fxm;7rnf? 7Sif;vif;a7;wyfzJGå0ifrsm;tm; "mwfaiGåumrsufESmzkH; touf&SLud7d,m/ toHcsJåpuf/ oHvkduftdrfa-rëmif/ vufESdyf"mwfrD;/ vufypfAkH;/ ypPwdk/ pufaoewftao;/ qufoG,fa7;puf/ vSHpGyf/ vufxdyf/ }udK;ponfhypPnf;rsm; wyfqif ay;7rnf? Orifvdk%facgif;twGif;rS 77SdEdkifaom owif;tcsuftvufrsm;tm; pkaqmif; 7SmazG-cif;/ 7efolxyfrHtokH;-yKEdkifaomypPnf;rsm;tm; odrf;qnf;-cif;ÑzsufqD; -cif;-yKvkyf7rnf?

63? zsufqD;-cif;? Orifvdk%facgif;rsm;tm; 7efolxyfrHtokH;r-yKEdkifatmif zsufqD; ypf7rnf? xdkodkãzsufqD;7mwGif a-ratmuf-rëKyfESHazmufcJG-cif;-zpfaom Orifvdk%facgif; wnf7Sd7mtay:bufrS wl;azmfI aygufuJGypPnf;rsm;xnfhoGif;_yD; azmufcJGEdkifonf? xdkã-yif Orifvdk%facgif;twGif;odkã ,rf;-yif;rsm;xnfhoGif;I azmufcJGEdkifonf? aemufqkH; wGif trd+ufrsm;/ xif;rsm;/ xnfhoGif;rD;&d+ã-cif;/ pufokH;qDavmifpmrsm;xnfhoGif;I rD;&d+å-cif; ponfhenf;rsKd;pkHokH;I Orifrsm;ysufpD;ap7ef aqmif7Guf7rnf?

64? quf v uf t ok H ; r-yKEk d i f a p7ef aqmif 7 G u f - cif ;? rdrdrSodrf;ydkuf77Sd_yD;aom Orifvdk%facgif;rsm;udk 7efolrS qufvuftokH;r-yKEkdifap7ef aqmif7Guf7rnf-zpfonf? uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 511

yxrenf;vrf;rSm OriftwGif; pGrf;tm;enf;aom "mwkaA'ypPnf;rsm;tm; xm;7Sd -cif;-zpfonf? 'kwd,enf;vrf;rSm OriftwGif; a7-ynfhv#Hap-cif;-zifh OriftwGif; usef7Sdaeonfh7efoltm; okwfoifEdkif_yD; Orifudkvnf; -yefvnf0ifa7mufae7mr,lEkdif atmif zsufqD;-cif;-zpfonf? owd-yK7rnfhtcsufrsm; 65? Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;ESifhywfoufonfh owd-yK7rnfhtcsufrsm;rSm atmuf ygtwkdif;-zpfonf = (u) Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;udk tokH;-yKcHppfqifolonf a-ymif;vG,f - yifvG,f7Sd_yD; 7efoludktpGrf;ukefowf-zwfokwfoif_yD;aomtcg 4if;ae7m udk pGefãv$wfI ae7ma7$åum wpfzef 4if;ae7mudk -yefvnf0ifa7mufae7m,l wdkufcdkuf-cif;onf ppfenf;AsL[ma-rmuf enf;vrf;wpfck-zpfonf? ( c ) Orifvdk%facgif;onf tvsm;7Snfygu wdkufppfqifol. e*g;pufaoewf (Flame Thrower) onf xda7mufr+enf;yg;onf? ( * ) Orifv% kd af cgif;udk taqmuftODzsufonfh vufeufrsm;ok;H pJG wdu k cf u dk f v#if xda7mufpGmzsufqD;Edkifonf?

(C) Orifv% kd af cgif;wnfae7mESihf wnfaqmufyu Hk o kd 7d ydS gu wdu k cf u kd zf suq f ;D 7ef vG,fulonf? ( i ) Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;onf rdrdxuf tiftm;ESifhypftm;omvGefaom 7efoludk vG,fulpGm[efãwm;acsr+ef;Edkifonf? ( p ) Orifvdk%facgif;wl;I wdkufppfqif-cif;-zifh rdrdtiftm;rsm; qkH;&+H;r+r7SdbJ 7efoltm;wdkufckdufEdkifonf? (q) Orifv% kd af cgif;udk wdu k &f u kd yf pfvufeufrsm;-zifo h m zsuq f ;D acsre+ ;f Edik o f nf? odkãaomf vdk%facgif;twGif;7SdypfrSwfrsm; rnfonfhtwdkif;twmtxd ysufpD; onfudk cefãrSef;7cufonf? ( Z ) Orifvdk%facgif;rsm;.wnfae7mESifh wnfaqmufykHudk od7Sdygu wdusao csmpGm ypfcwfEdkifaom acwfrDvufeufrsm;-zifh ta0;rSxdef;csKyfypfcwfEdkif aomfvnf; ukefusp7dwfrsm;-ym;onf?

66? Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;onf qef;opfaomppfenf;AsL[mwpfckr[kwfaomf vnf; wd;k wufvmonfph pfenf;AsL[m/ ppfr[mAsL[mESihf vufeufqef;rsm;. pGr;f 7nf uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 512

ay:rlwnf wdk;wufa-ymif;vJaernf-zpfayonf? tzsufpGrf;tm;}uD;rm;aom t%k-rL/ "mwk/ ydk;r$m;ppfqifa7;rsm;udk twdkif;twmwpfcktxdom cHEdkif7nf7Sdaomf vnf; orm;&dk;usvufeufrsm;-zpfonfh AkH;juJ-cif;/ ta-rmuf/ wifhum;rsm;-zifhwdkufcdkuf -cif;udkrl aumif;pGmckcHEdkifonf? xdkãajumifh Orifvdk%facgif;ppfqifa7;udk em;vnf oabmayguf-cif;-zifh vufawGåta-ctaeESifhvkdufavsmnDaxGpGm xdk;xGif;^m%fokH;I atmif-rifr+77Sdatmif aqmif7GufoGm;7efvdktyfayonf?

ykH(108) *syefwkdh. OrifcHppftm; tar7duefwyfrS wkdufckdufenf;

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 513

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 514

7nfn$ef;csuf =

y

uGefwkdrsOf;-cm;em;csuf (10 ay) trdk;yg qufoG,fa7;a-rmif; qufoG,fa7;a-rmif; ypfusif; pufaoewfae7m pddefa-ymif; ae7m ta-rmuf ae7m

ykH(109) pH-yawmifukef;cHppfpepf (ukd7D;,m;)

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 515

ykH(110) a&Shqifa-cavsmESifh aemufqifa-cavsmtjum; wl;azmfxm;aom Orifvdk%facgif;ykHpH (udk7D;,m;)

ykH(111) ypfusif;ae7mESpfcktm; Orifvdk%facgif;-zifhqufoG,fxm;ykH (udk7D;,m;)

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 516

ykH(112) wyfzGJhwpfckykef;cdk7ef ae7m-zwfydkif;ykH (udk7D;,m;)

ykH(113) aemufqifa-cavsmwGif pdefa-ymif;ae7mcsxm;yHk (udk7D;,m;) uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 517

ykH(114) a&Shqifa-cavsmwGifpdefa-ymif;ae7mcsxm;yHk (udk7D;,m;)

ykH(115) tumtuG,fatmufwGif pufaoewfrsm;ae7mcsxm;yHk (udk7D;,m;)

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 518

ykH(116) AD,ufaumif;wdkh. Orifvdk%facgif;wnfaqmuf-cif;enf;vrf;rsm;

uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 519

ykH(117) AD,uferfESifh a-ymufusm;rsm;. ta-ccHpcef;yHk

ykH(118) AD,ufaumif;wdkh. *ltwGif;zkH;uG,fxm;aom ta-rmufyHk uef ã o wf

uef ã o wf 520

uef ã o wf