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AERIAL view of Iloilo City with the mouth of the Iloilo River and the island of Guimaras in the distance. MICHAEL EDWARDS | DREAMSTIME.COM
PANAY BLACKOUT: Why? How? What now? G
By Lenie Lectura
OVERNMENT officials and experts warned that the blackouts that crippled the islands of Panay and Guimaras could happen again unless the delayed power projects are immediately constructed, new protocols are put in place, and a more diversified mix of energy sources is embraced. “It might happen again unless we finish all the projects on time,” said Department of Energy (DOE) Undersecretary Sharon Garin, who was referring to the delayed CebuNegros-Panay (CNP) backbone stage 3 project of the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP), which the system operator said would be completed by March. “The next three months are crucial as we wait for CNP3 to be finished,” commented DOE Undersecretary Rowena Guevarra. The CNP3, which is crucial to the full operation of the P51.3-billion Mindanao-Visayas Interconnection Project (MVIP), is delayed because of a temporary restraining order (TRO) sought by the Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone Authority (Tieza). It was supposed to be completed in October last year. However, the construction of the CebuMagdugo 230kilovolt (kV) line—a component of the CNP3—was put to a halt due to the TRO issued by the Supreme Court. The power distributor in Iloilo also gave a similar warning. MORE Electric Power Corp. President Roel Castro said that even if CNP3 is completed, Iloilo would still plunge into darkness if the 3x100MVA substation of NGCP is not commissioned by end of this year. “One of the delayed projects
for Iloilo is the 3x100mva new substation of NGCP that was supposedly commissioned last year. “If this substation will not go online by end of this year, then for sure, Iloilo will be on rotating brownouts because there is not enough capacity from the grid connected to MORE Power’s substations in Iloilo. “This is a small project in the scheme of all things, but if it won’t happen, we will have rotating brownouts,” said Castro. It will take 450 days to finish the project, which indicates that it might still not be commissioned this year given that NGCP has yet to seal a deal with the land owner where the substation will be put up.
More suggestions from ICSC
THE Energy Policy Team of the Institute for Climate and Sustainable Cities (ICSC), meanwhile, recommended advanced energy storage technologies, enhanced grid interconnections, and strategically integrating renewable energy (RE) sources to diversify the island’s energy portfolio as part of the longterm solutions to prevent a repeat of the four-day blackouts. “Given the recent blackouts in Panay, a reevaluation of the island’s energy mix and grid resilience measures is imperative,” ICSC said.
RESIDENTS of Iloilo seek refuge from the ongoing blackout, leaving their homes for a more comfortable night at Molo Plaza during the humid conditions in Iloilo City. ARNOLD ALMACEN/ILOILO CITY MAYOR'S OFFICE
could have prevented the islandwide blackout. In the DOE’s assessment, had NGCP implemented manual load dropping in the two-hour window, to which the red-alert status should have been declared on the whole island, rotating power outages could have significantly reduced the load demand requirements in Panay. If this were the case, even with the subsequent tripping of PEDC 2 and PCPC, the remaining power sources would have been able to shoulder the reduced load demand requirements. While the ERC conducts its probe, PEDC and NGCP are being blamed for the power mess.
ERC probe
ERC Chairperson Monalisa Dimalanta assured lawmakers during a hearing that its probe on the Western Visayas massive blackout would Continued on A2
Panay Island, the sixth largest island in the Philippines, suffered the same fate in April last year. Apparently, experts said the same problems were not addressed sooner. It is still heavily reliant on power generation coming from coal, specifically the four major coal-fired power plants on the island: Panay Energy Development Corp. (PEDC) 1 providing 83.7MW, PEDC 2 with 83.7MW, PEDC 3 with 150MW, and Palm Concepcion Power Corporation (PCPC) with 135MW. Collectively, these coal plants contribute 454.4MW of power to the island’s total installed capacity. Demand, meanwhile, fluctuates between 300MW and 500MW. ICSC noted that the Panay sub-grid is situated at the tail-end of the transmission grid in the Visayas, connected only through a submarine cable from Negros. PEDC 3 was on maintenance shutdown when PEDC 1 conked out, resulting in only 309MW of capacity,
which fell below Panay’s demand requirement. The DOE said this should have triggered the red-alert status, and any further disturbance could further push the system to the brink of its operation. “At this point, a smart move should have been to conduct manual load dropping (MLD), as even though the system can still meet the demand requirements and the voltage and power quality were still normal as stated by NGCP, the reserves were already depleted,” said ICSC. At 2:19 pm, another system disturbance occurred when PEDC 2 and PCPC tripped. Since the transmission link between Panay and Negros was limited, and Negros might not have had excess power to transport to Panay at the time, there was a significant lack of power generation triggering an island-wide blackout. While the incident was mainly a power-generation problem, more issues came up that, if addressed,
PESO EXCHANGE RATES n US 56.1160 n JAPAN 0.3862 n UK 71.6209 n HK 7.1782 n CHINA 7.8298 n SINGAPORE 42.1703 n AUSTRALIA 37.5248 n EU 61.5817 n KOREA 0.0427 n SAUDI ARABIA 14.9639 Source: BSP (January 12, 2024)